738Vases272, 949Vaudois581Vegetable physiology615Vegetable practice635Vegetables613Vegetarianism616Venereal diseases987Venezuela945Venice697Ventilation133Ventriloquism974Vermont811Versification596Vertebrates
566Vertebrates paleontology619Veterinary medicine728Villas787Violin976Virginia170Virtue535Vision135Visions and dreams576, 612Vital principle784, 815Vocal culture784Vocal music784Voice553Volcanoes910Voyages
331Wages135Wakefulness272, 945Waldenses942Wales713Walks459Wallachian language172War ethics355-359War science380Warehouses697Warming648Washing977Washington territory681Watch-making714Water, artificial ponds, etc.751Water colors615Water cure531, 621Water wheels628Water works613Watering-places745Wax flowers331Wealth551Weather677Weaving389Weights and measures496Welsh language979West Indies
976West Virginia977Western States599Whale639Whale fisheries633Wheat324Whigs323Whigs English795Whist159Will343Wills788Wind instruments663Wine977Wisconsin819, 829, 839, etc.Wit133Witchcraft376Woman, education324Woman, suffrage761Wood engraving674Wood manufactures636Wool677Wool manufactures331Working classes246-248Worship651Writing653Writing short-hand
655Xylography
797Yachting313Year books
616Yellow fever362Young men's association
295Zend295Zend Avesta521Zodiac
590Zoölogy593Zoöphytes295Zoroaster
The titles of the subject catalogue are exact transcriptions of the title page, neither amended, translated, or in any way altered, except that mottoes, titles of authors, repetitions, or matter of any kind not essential to a clear titular description, areomitted. Omissions of mottoes are indicated by three stars (* * *); of other matter by three dots (...). The phraseology, spelling, and punctuation of the title are exactly copied; but capitals are given only to proper names and adjectives, and initial words of sentences. Any additions needed to make the title clear are supplied and enclosed by brackets.
After the titles, are given in order: the place of publication; the year; the year of copyright, if different, in brackets; the edition; the number of volumes, or of pages if in only one volume; the illustrations, maps, plates, or portraits; and the size nearest in the arbitrary scale, regardless of the fold of the sheet. This scale gives the heights in decimeters. Square and oblong books have the size prefixed bysq. orob. Books 1 decimeter high are called 32°; 1.5 deci., 16°; 2 deci., 12°; 2.5 deci., 8°; 3 deci., 4°; and all others are marked simply by the nearest height, i.e. a book marked 4 is between 3.5 and 4.5 decimeters high. In books having more than one pagination the number of pages is indicated by giving the last number of each pagination connected by a +; an added + indicates additional matter unpaged.
These imprint entries give the facts regardless of the title page, and are left blank only when they can be ascertained neither from the book itself or other sources.
The contents of volumes are given when on title pages, or when necessary to properly identify the volume, but no analysis is attempted. Necessary notes are given at the bottom of the subject card after the imprint entries.
Duplicates are simply marked copy 2, copy 3, etc., and bear the same class and book number, but editions of the same book distinct in character are catalogued separately.
In all the catalogues, books are entered under thesurnamesof authors when known; under theinitialsof author's names, when these only appear, the last initial being put first; under thepseudonymsof the writers, when the real names are not ascertained; under the names ofeditorsof collections; under the names ofcountries, cities, societies,or otherbodieswhich are responsible for their publication; under thefirst wordnot an article of the titles of periodicals and of anonymous books the names of whose authors are not ascertained.Commentarieswith the text, andtranslationsare entered under the heading of the original work, but commentaries without the text are entered under the name of thecommentator. The Bible or any part of it in any language is entered under the wordBible. Books having more than one author are entered under the first named on the title.
In the headings of titles, the names of authors are given in their vernacular form. In English and French surnames beginning with a prefix (except the French de and d') the name is recorded under the prefix. In other languages and in French names beginning with de and d', the name is recorded under the word following the prefix. Compound surnames are entered under the first part of the name. Noblemen and ecclesiastical dignitaries are entered under their family names, butsovereigns, princes, oriental writers, friars, persons canonized, and all other persons knownonlyby their first name, are entered under this first name.
The catalogue is not a biographical dictionary, so only gives the names of authors with sufficient fullness to distinguish them from each other in practical use.
Names infull face typeare the ruling headings under which the books are entered in the various catalogues. Entries not beginning with this type are in addition to the first or main entry, and are made under the names oftranslators, editors, commentators, continuators, etc., as participators in the authorship; also in the case of books having more than one author, or having both generic and specific titles, or published by societies or other bodies, and having also the name of the individual author. These additional entries are made in order to carry out the plan of the Authors' Catalogue, which aims to give under each author's name all his works which the library contains.
The works of an author known by more than one name are given all together, under the form of name chosen. Any other name or title by which he may be known, if it differs in the first three letters, is entered in its alphabetical place, followed by the wordseeand the name under which the books are entered. Such cross references have no titles given under them, but are simply guides to the name chosen.
A single dash indicates the omission of the preceding heading; a subsequent dash indicates the omission of a subordinate heading or of a title. A dash connecting numbers signifiesto and including; following a number it signifiescontinuation. A ? following a word or entry signifiesprobably. Brackets enclose words added to titles or changed in form.
The German diphthongs ä, ö, ü are written, ae, oe, ue.
Dates are all given in years of the common calendar, and Arabic numerals are uniformly used for all numbers.
The Subject Catalogue on large cards can be used to advantage only with the aid of theClassificationorIndex. To find what the library has on any given subject, get from the Index the class number of that subject. Under this number in the Subject Catalogue will be found the full titles of the books, with imprints, cross references, and notes. The class number, by which the cards are arranged, is given in the upper left corner and immediately under it is the book number. Any other class number given in the left hand margin refers to another subject of which the book also treats. When the class number at the top is followed by an additional figure in brackets, the subject as given in the printed scheme has been subdivided in arranging the cards. This subdivision will be found on the first card of the catalogue which bears this class number. These figures in brackets determine the arrangement of the titles in the Catalogue, but on the shelves, in the Shelf Catalogue, and in calling for and charging books, they are entirely disregarded. Thus a book numbered 942(7).14 would be in the Catalogue among the 942 cards arranged by the figure in brackets as though it were a decimal, but it would be called for as 942.14, the brackets indicating that the final classing was limited to the Catalogue and was not extended to the shelves. If a fourth figure is added without brackets, the final classing is extended to the shelves as well as to the catalogue, and all the figures must be used in calling for the book. In such cases the added figure is treated as a decimal in the arrangement, though the decimal point is not written.
The last card which bears any class number, gives under that number, followed by the word SEE the call numbers of other books which treat of the same subject, but are classed elsewhere. General cross references are also made in many cases without specifying individual books, as fromCommerceas a question of SOCIAL SCIENCE (380) toCommerceas a USEFUL ART, Book-keeping Business Manuals, etc. (650). In such cases there is a card under 380 marked SEE 650, and under 650 there is a card marked SEE 380. From whatever stand-point a subject is approached, the cross references guide at once to the same subject treated in its other relations. These cross references both general and specific are often accompanied by brief notes, characterizing the books to which reference is made.
There will be found at the beginning of many class numbers, a card noting the most reliable books on that subject, and the best of the articles in periodicals, transactions, and collected works with the volume and page where they may be found. It is hoped to give special prominence to these notes for the guidance of readers, and they will be added as rapidly as other duties allow.
Many subjects will have no sub-section cards at the beginning; some will have no reference cards at the end; and some may have no titles given under the number. The scheme provides a place for books on all subjects, whether the library has them or not, so where no titles are given under a class number it shows that the library has as yet no books on that subject.
Articles in periodicals and transactions, separate volumes of sets and collections which are located together,if cataloguedare put under their proper subject number, but nobook numberis given with it. The call number of the book, where they may be found, is always given in the margin preceded by the word IN. In the same way special chapters in books will sometimes be catalogued,e.g.a card marked 338 IN 331-27, would mean that in the 27 books on 331,Capital and Labor, there was a chapter on 338,Production.