Chapter 12

bescīnan1to shine upon, light up, illuminate,Rd; Æ. [‘beshine’]besciran=bescieranbescirian=bescierianbescītan1to befoul, WW 50728.bescrēadianto scrape off, clean off, ES 42·171.bescrepan5to scrape,Lcd101a.bescūfan2to shove, impel, thrust down, hurl, throw, Æ, AO:force, Æ.bescȳlanto look askance,Bo12130. [sceol]bescyr-= bescier-besēcanto beseech, beg urgently, MF (Vesp. D xiv).besecganto announce, introduce:defend, excuse oneself: (w. on)accuse, Æ.beselian=besylianbesellanto surround, cover(over):hand over.besema=besmabesencanto cause to sink, submerge, immerse, drown,Bl, Mt; AO, CP:plunge into(fire), GD 317. [‘besench’]besendanto send, Æ.besenganto singe, burn, AO.besēonI.sv5(tr., intr. and refl.)to see, look, look round, behold,Æ, Mk, Ps; AO:look after, go to see, visit:provide for. b. tōlook upon, have regard to, CP. [‘besee’]II.sv1to suffuse,Cr1088.besēoðanto boil down,Lcd.besēowian(ī, ȳ)to sew together, sew up,Ep. [‘besew’]be-serian, -serwan =besierwanbesettanto put, place, set near, appoint, Æ:own, keep, occupy: ‘beset,’cover, surround with, adorn,B; CP, Æ:besiege, invest,An:institute, set going.besīdianto regulate the size of anything, RB 8918. [sīd]besierwanto ensnare, surprise, deceive, defraud, oppress, AO. [searu]besīgan(on)to rush, v. OEG 4126.besilfranto silver,VPs6714.besincan3(intr.)to sink,AO. [‘besink’]besingan3to sing of, bewail:sing charms, enchant, Æ.besirwan(AO, CP) =besierwanbesittan5to sit round, surround, beset, besiege,Chr; AO:hold council:occupy, possess. [‘besit’]besīwian=besēowianbeslǣpan7to sleep, LL (2843).beslēan6to strike, beat, cut off, take away, deprive by violence, Æ.beslēpanto slip on, cover, impose, put on, clothe.beslītan1†to slit, tear.besmam. ‘besom,’broom, rod,AO, Mt.besmēaganto consider about, inquire into, ÆL 23b633.+bēsmedcurved, WW 5159. [bōsm]bēsmingf.curve, curvature, WW. [bōsm]besmirwanto‘besmear,’ WW.besmītan1to soil, defile, pollute, dishonour,Bl; Æ, CP. [‘besmit’]besmitenesf.soil, stain, defilement, degradation, dirtiness, Æ.besmittianto defile.besmiðianto work(in metal),forge, surround with forged work.besmocianto smoke, envelop with incense,ANS84·3.besmyred= besmirwed pp. ofbesmirwan.besnǣdan†to cut, mutilate.besnīwianto cover with snow,WW. [‘besnow’]be-snyðian, -snyððan †to rob, deprive of.besolcenstupefied, dull, sluggish, inactive, slow, CP.besorgdear, beloved, Æ.besorgianto regret:be anxious about, dread, shrink from, Æ.besorh=besorgbespǣtanto spit upon, ÆH 2·24824.bespanan6to lead astray, entice, incite, urge, persuade, AO.besparrianto bar, shut,Gl.bespirian=bespyriganbesprecan5to speak about,AO:speak against, accuse of,Ps:claim at law,LL:complain. [‘bespeak’]besprenganto besprinkle,Lcd. [‘bespreng’]bespyriganto track, trace, LL.bestadv. (used as superl. ofwel)best, most.besta, beste wk. forms of superl. adj. betst.bestǣlan(ē)to lay a charge against, convict.bestæppan6to tread upon, step, go, enter, Æ.bestandan6to stand round or about, beset, surround,Æ:attend to, Æ:beset, harass,Jn. [‘bestand’]bestealcianto move stealthily, steal, ‘stalk,’ ÆL 3240. [stealc]bestefnodptc.provided with a fringe, WW 37541.bestelan4to move stealthily, steal away, steal upon,AO, LL; Æ, CP: (†)deprive. [‘besteal’]bestēlan=bestǣlanbestēman=bestȳmanbestēpan(= i)to deprive of(children), GD 7618.bestingan3to thrust in, push, Æ.bestrēdanto bestrew, cover, BH 15427(b).bestrēowianto‘bestrew,’besprinkle,Æ.bestreððanto bestrew, cover over.bestrīcan1to make a stroke,Lcd186b. [strīca]bestrīdan1to‘bestride,’mount,Æ.bestrīpanto strip, plunder, despoil.bestrūdan7to spoil, plunder, rob.bestrȳpan=bestrīpanbestryððan=bestreððanbestuddianto be careful for, trouble about,Kl146.bestȳman(e)to bedew, wet, flood, B 486. [stēam]bestyrianto heap up,BH. [‘bestir’]bestyrmanto agitate,Bo911.besu=basubesūpan2to sup up, swallow,Lcd113b.besūtianto besmirch, GPH 40326.besūðan= besūðanbeswǣlanto burn, singe, scorch, Æ.beswǣpan=beswāpanbeswǣtanto sweat, toil,Sc11114.beswāpan7to clothe, cover over, veil, protect, CP:persuade,BH. [‘beswape’]beswelganto swallow up,EPs10627; 1233.beswemmanto make to bathe,Bo1158.beswencanto afflict,CPs6818.besweðianto swathe, wrap up, wind round.beswicn.treachery, deceit, AO (bī-), CP:snare.beswica(bī-) m.deceiver.beswican1to deceive, seduce, betray, circumvent, frustrate,Bl, Mt; AO, CP:to overcome, supplant, AO. [‘beswike’]beswīcendm.deceiver, seducer,Gl.beswicenesf.deception:surrender.beswicfallef.trap,Gl.beswicianto escape, be free from, BH.beswicoldeceitful, CP 23816. (bi-)beswīcungf.deception, WW.beswincan3to toil, exert oneself, make with toil,Jn:till, plough, Æ. beswuncenexhausted, tired out. [‘beswink’]beswingan3to flog, scourge, beat, strike,Æ; CP. [‘beswinge’]beswylianto drench, flood,Rood23. [swilian]besyftanto sprinkle, ÆL 23165. [siftan]besylfran=besilfranbesylianto sully, defile, stain, Æ.besyr-ewian, -i(a)n =besierwanbetadv.better,Bo. [‘bet’]-bētav.dǣd-b.betācnianto‘betoken,’designate.betǣcan(w. d.)to make over, give up to, impart, deliver, entrust, commend to,Æ, Lk; AO, CP:appoint(for),set apart as, dedicate:show, point out,Lk:give orders, RB 1304:pursue, hunt, WW 9228. [‘beteach’]±bētanto amend, repair, restore, cure, CP:make good, make amends, remedy, compensate, atone, pay‘bōt’for an offence,Æ, Mt, Lcd; AO, CP:attend to(fire or light),AO. ðurst b.quench thirst. [bōt; ‘beet’ vb.]betast=betstbetborenof higher birth, LL.bētef. ‘beet,’beetroot,Lcd. [L.beta]-bētev.twi-b.bētel= (1)bīetl; (2)bītolbeteldan3†to cover, hem in, surround:overload, oppress.betellanto speak about, answer, defend oneself(against a charge),exculpate oneself,Chr; Æ.bētendm.restorer,Ruin28.+bētendnesf.amendment, OEG 586.betēon1,2to cover, surround, enclose,AO; Æ, CP:dispose of, bestow, bequeath:impeach, accuse. [‘betee’]betera‘better,’AO, Mk. followed by g. =better in respect of....-bēterev.dǣd-b.±beterianto‘better,’improve,CP:trim(lamp), GD.beterringf.improvement, Æ.betest=betstbetiēnan=betȳnanbetihtlianto accuse, LL.betillan=betyllanbetimbranto construct, build,B. [‘betimber’]betīnan=betȳnanbēting=bǣtungbētl=bīetlbetlic†grand, excellent.bētnesf.reparation, atonement, LL (26416).betoce=betonicebetogenesf.accusation, LL.betoldenpp. ofbeteldan.betonicef. ‘betony,’Lcd.betost=betstbetr-= beter-betræppan=betreppanbetredan5to tread upon, cover,CPs13810.betrendanto roll,ES 37·180.betreppanto entrap, catch,Chr. [‘betrap’]be-trymman, -trymianto enclose, surround, besiege.betstI.superl. adj. ‘best,’first,AO, Chr,Cr; CP. as sb.people of position,WW, Chr.II.adv.in the best manner, most.betstborenbest-born, eldest.bett==betbe-tuh, -tuoxn (CP), -tux =betwuxbetuldonpret. pl. ofbeteldan.+bētungf.repair, maintenance, LL.betwēnan=betwēonanbetweoh, betweohs =betwuxbetwēonan, betwēonumI.prep. w. g. d. a.between, among, amid, in the midst,Ps, Bl.II.adv. ‘between,’BH:in the meantime, meanwhile:in turn, by turns, CM (-twȳn-).betweox, betweoxn, betwih(s) =betwuxbetwīn-= betwēon-betwīnforlētnesf.intermission, DR.betwux(Æ, AO, CP) betwuht, betwix, betwux(t), betwisc prep. w. d. a.between, among, amongst, amidst, during. b. ðisummeanwhile. b. ðǣm ðewhilst. [‘betwixt’]betwuxālegednesf.interjection,ÆGr2782.betwuxāworpennesf.interjection,ÆGr1020.betwuxblinnes(twih) f.intermission, DR 123.betwuxfæc(yx)internal, OEG 3861.betwuxgangan7(twih)to go between,VPs287.betwuxgangende(twih)separating.betwuxgesettinterposed.betwuxlicgan5(twih)to lie between, BH 7210.betwuxsendanto send between.betwuxt, -twyh, -twyx(t) =betwuxbetȳhtlian=betīhtlianbetyllanto allure, decoy, BH 3584.betȳnan(ī, īe)to hedge in, enclose, shut, bury, AO, CP:end, BH. [tūn]betȳnungf.conclusion, OEG 3210.betyranto pitch, stain a dark colour. [teoru]betyrnanto turn round:prostrate oneself, RB.beðI.= bið pres. 3 sg. ofbēon.II.=bæðbeðæncan=beðencanbeðan=beðianbeðearfendeneedy, indigent,KGl708.beðearflicprofitable, ÆL 23b242.beðearfodneedy, ES 8·47450.beðeccanto cover, protect, cover over, conceal.beðen=beðungbeðencanto consider, remember, take thought for, take care of, care for,Gu: (refl.)reflect, ‘bethink’oneself,Lk; Æ:trust, confide in, entrust to, AO.be-ðenian, -ðennanto cover, stretch on or upon, spread over.beðēodanto be joined(to),adhere(to), RB 13420.beðerscanto winnow, thrash,PPs437.beðettanto bathe,Lcd3·9015(A 30·397).±beðianto heat, warm, foment,Lcd; Æ:cherish. [‘beath’]beðrāwan7to twist, GPH 39116.beðridianto circumvent, overcome, force, AO.beðringan3†to encircle, encompass:beset, oppress, burden.beðryccanto press down,Cr1446.beðrydian, beðryððan =beðridianbeðrȳnto press, NC 273.beðuncan(Rd497) =beðencanbeðungf.bathing, bath, fomentation, cataplasm,Lcd; CP, Æ. [‘beathing’; bæð]be-ðurfanswv. pres., 3 sg. -ðearf, pl. -ðurfon, pret. -ðorfte. (w. g. or a.)to need, have need of, want, Æ, CP.beððan=beðianbeðwēan6to moisten, wet,LPs67.beðwyrianto deprave, WW 3867. [ðweorh]beðȳnto thrust, AO 1586.beufan=bufanbeūtan=būtanbewacianto watch, guard, Æ.bewadan6to emerge,Rd8824.bewǣfanto enfold, wrap round, cover over, clothe, Æ, CP.bewǣganto deceive, frustrate,BVPs.bewægnanto offer, proffer, B 1193.bewǣlanto oppress, afflict,An1363.bewǣpnianto disarm, Æ.bewærlanto pass by:be free from, DR.bewarenianto guard against, be on one’s guard, CP.bewarianto keep watch, guard, preserve, ward off, CP.bewarnian=bewarenianbewāwan7to blow upon,Wa76. (biwāune = biwāwene)beweallan7to boil away,Lcd.bewealwianto wallow,Bo1159.beweardianto guard, protect:observe closely.beweaxan7to grow over, cover over, surround, Æ.beweddendlicrelating to marriage, OEG 1122.beweddianto betroth, marry, Æ:give security. [‘bewed’]beweddungf.betrothal, LL 442Ha.bewefan5to cover over,Lcd3·1464.bewegan5to cover.bewēled(ȳ2)poisoned, polluted, ES 38344. [wōl]bewellanto knead, mix together.bewendanto turn, turn round,Æ; (refl.)Mt922:turn one’s attention, convert, Æ. [‘bewend’]bewenian†to entertain, take care of, attend upon.beweorcan=bewyrcanbeweorpan3to cast, cast down, plunge, throw, Æ, AO:beat, Æ:surround.beweorðianto adorn, DD 118.beweotian=bewitianbewēpan7to weep over, mourn, bewail,Æ; AO. [‘beweep’]bewēpendliclamentable.bewēpnian=bewǣpnianbewerenesf.prohibition, BH 8613.bewerianto guard, protect, defend, Æ, AO:check, prevent, forbid, Æ.bewerigendm.protector, Æ.bewerungf.defence, fortification.bewestanprep. w. d. or adv.to the west of,Chr. [‘bewest’]bewīcianto encamp,Chr894w.bewindan3to wind round, clasp, entwine, envelop, encircle, surround,B, Mt; AO, CP:brandish(a sword). hēafe b.bewail:turn, wind, revolve.bewindla(bi-) m.hedge, border, BC (Mdf).bewitanswv., pres. 3 sg. -wāt, pret. 3 sg. -wisteto keep, care for, watch over, superintend, administer, lead, guide, Æ, AO.bewitian(eo)to observe, attend to, care for, administer:perform.bewlātianto look at, behold,LPs3214.bewlītan1to look round,Gen2925.bewōpen(pp. ofbewēpan)lamented:tearful, weeping.bewrecan5†to drive:drive away, banish:drive round, beat round.bewrencanto deceive.bewrēon1,2to cover, hide, cover over, enwrap, protect, clothe,Sol, Met; CP. [‘bewry’]bewreðianto sustain, support,Rd8121.bewrītan1to record?Creat19:score round.bewrīðan1†to bind, wind about, surround, envelop.bewrixl-an, -ianto change:exchange, sell,PPs.bewunaadj. indecl.accustomed, wont, AO.bewyddian=beweddianbewȳled=bewēledbewyllan(= ie)to boil away,Lcd.bewylwianto roll down, roll together.bewȳpð= bewēpð pres. 3 sg. ofbewēpan.bewyrcanto work, construct, surround with, enclose, cover,B; AO, Æ:work in, insert, adorn,Lcd. [‘bework’]bewyrpan=beweorpanbeyrfeweardianto disinherit, A 13·321.beyrnan=beiernanbezera=bæzerebi, bī (1) =be(prep.); (2) f. =bēobi-v. also be-bīad=bēodbiblioðēcef. biblioðeoco (AO) bibliðeca m.library:bible,Æ. [‘bibliotheca’ (L.)]bībrēad=bēobrēadbicce, bice f. ‘bitch,’Lcd, WW.biccen=byccenbicgan(Æ) =bycganbicge=bicce±bīcn-an, -ian (ē, ēa, īe, ȳ)to make a sign, ‘beckon,’wink, nod,Lk; CP:signify:summon. [bēacn]+bīcnend(ē), ±bicni(g)end m.indicator, discloser:forefinger.bīcnendlic, +bīcni(g)endlicallegorical; (gram.)indicative,ÆGr12414.bīcnolindicating, indicative, GPH 398193.±bīcnung(ēa, ē) f.beckoning, nodding:token, symbol, figure, Æ:figurative speech.bīcwidem.byword, proverb, fable, tale,Æ. [‘bequeath’]bīdn.lingering, hesitation, delay, halt,Rd. [‘bide’]±bīdan1(intr.)to stay, continue, live, remain, delay,AO, Ps: (tr. usu. w. g.)wait for, await, expect,Bl, Mt; AO, CP:endure, experience, find:attain, obtain. [‘bide’]biddan5to ask, entreat, pray, beseech,AO, Bl. b. and bēodan, hālsianto beg and pray:order, command, require, AO, CP. [‘bid’]+biddan5(often refl.)to beg, ask, pray,Bl, Mt; Æ, CP:worship, Æ, AO. [‘i-bid’]bidderem.petitioner.bidenfæt=bydenfætbiderīp=bedrīpbideð(CP) pres. 3 sg. ofbiddan.bīdfæst†firm, forced to stand out.bīdingf.abiding place, abode,Gu180.bīdsteall† m.halt, stand.bīe= bēo pres. 1 sg. ofbēon.bīecn=bēacenbīecn-= bīcn-bīegan(ē, ī, ȳ)to bend, turn, turn back, incline,Bo, Mk:depress, abase, humiliate:subject:persuade, convert:+bȳgedbowed down, infirm,Nic47129. [‘bey,’ būgan]bieldan(æ, e, i, y)to encourage, excite, impel, exhort, confirm,CP, Ma; Æ, AO. [‘bield’; beald]bieldo(y2) f.boldness, courage, arrogance, confidence,BH; CP. [‘bield’]bielg=belgbielw-= bilew-bīeme(ē, i, ȳ) f.trumpet,CP, WW:tablet, billet. [‘beme’]bīen=bēanbīencoddas=bēancoddas+bierde=+byrde+bierhtan(e, y)to brighten, be or make bright, illuminate, enlighten, CP:make clear:celebrate. [beorht]bierhtu(e, eo, i, y) f.brightness, effulgence, brilliance, CP. [beorht]bierm=bearmbiernan3(ea, eo, i, y)to‘burn,’be on fire, give light,Æ, Lk, Ex, VPs.biersteð, bierst pres. 3 sg. ofberstan.bierðpres. 3 sg. ofberan.biesen=bisenbiesgian=bysgianbieter-= biter-bīetl(ē, ī, ȳ) m. ‘beetle,’mallet, hammer,CP, Jud(y).bietr-= biter-bīeð= bēoð pres. pl. ofbēon.bīfēranto feed, ES 41324.bifianto tremble, be moved, shake, quake,Bo, Ps; Æ. [‘bive’]bifigendlic(byfg-)terrible, NC 274.bifungf.trembling, shaking, Æ.-bifung(eo1) v.eorð-b.bīfylcen.neighbouring people. [folc]big=bebig-= be-, bī-, bycg-bīg-= bīeg-bige=byge+bīgednesf.inflection, declension, case,ÆGr.bīgegnes=bīgengnesbīgelsm.arch, vault, Æ:inclination.+bīgendlicinflectional,ÆGr918.+bīgendnes=+bīgednesbīgengf.practice, exercise, observance, worship,Æ:cultivation, Æ. [‘bigeng’]bīgengam.inhabitant:cultivator, Æ:worshipper, Æ:benefactor.bīgengen.practice, worship.bīgengerem.worker:worshipper.bīgengestref.handmaiden, attendant, worshipper,Gl.bīgengnes, f.application, study.+bigeð= +bygeð pres. 3 sg. of +bycgan.bīgingf.bending, WW 21638.bigleaf-(eo, i) = bīleof-bīgnesf.power of bending, bending. [bīegan]+bīgnes(ȳ) f.frequented place, assembly?EPs11727.+bigð=+bigeðbīgyrdelm.girdle, belt, purse,Æ, Mt:treasury. [‘bygirdle’]bigytan=begietanbihianda(MtL527) =behindanbīhst= bȳhst pres. 2 sg. ofbūgan.+bihðf.abode?Gu346. [cp.byht]bil=billbilcettan=bealcettanbildan=bieldan+bildebold, brave, Æ. [beald]bilem. ‘bill,’beak, trunk(of an elephant),WW:prow.bīle=bȳlebīlefa=bīleofabilehwīt==bilewitbīleofa(i2) m., bīleofen f.support, sustenance, food, nourishment,Æ, WW:money, pay. [‘bylive’; libban]bilēofianto support, feed upon,Guth347.bilewet==bilewitbilewitinnocent, pure, simple, sincere, honest,BH, Mt; Æ, CP:calm, gentle, merciful, gracious:plausible. [‘bilewhit’], adv. -līce.bilewitnesf.mildness, simplicity, innocence, purity, Æ, CP.bilgesleht=billgeslihtbilgst, bilhst pres. 2 sg. ofbelgan.bilgðpres. 3 sg. ofbelgan.bilherge=billerebīlibb-, bīlif- = bīleof-bilig=belgbiliw-= bilew-billn. ‘bill,’chopper, battle-axe, falchion, sword,B, WW.billerem. ‘bibulta’ (plant), WW.billgeslihtn.clashing of swords, battle, †Chr937.billhetem.murderous hate, strife,An78.+bilodhaving a bill or beak. [bile]bil-swæðn. (nap. -swaðu)sword track, wound,Ex329.bilw-= bilew-bīlyht=bȳlihtbīma(m.?), bīme =bīemebin=binnbīnamam.pronoun, A 8·313.+bindn.binding, fetter:costiveness.±bindansv3to tie, ‘bind,’fetter, fasten, restrain,Æ, Bl, Mt, Jn; AO, CP:adorn.bindef.head-band?KC6·133. [‘bind’]bindele, -elle f.binding:bandage.binderem. ‘binder,’Rd286.bindingf.binding, OEG 324b.binn, binne f. ‘bin,’basket, crib, manger,Bl, LkL.binnanI.prep. (w. d. a.)within, in, inside of, into.II.adv.inside, within, less than, during, whilst. [‘bin’]binne=binnbintpres. 3 sg. ofbindan.bio-= beo-, bi-biosmrung=bismrungbirce=beorc,beorcebird(LkLR) =bridd+bird=+byrdbirele=byrelebirenf.she-bear, OET (Ct).birg==byrgbirgð, birhð pres. 3 sg. ofbeorgan.birht-= bierht-birig=byrigbirig-= byrg-birihte(y) prep. w. d.near, beside,An850.birihto=bierhtubirle=byrelebirnan=beornanbirst, birsteð pres. 3 sg. ofberstan.birstpres. 2 sg., bir(e)ð pres. 3 sg. ofberan.biryhte=birihtebisæcn? m?wallet, MtR 1010. [L.bisaccium]bīsæccontested, disputed, LL.bīsǣcf.visit,Gu188.bisceop(o2) m. ‘bishop,’CP:high-priest, chief priest(of the Jews),heathen priest,AO, MkL.

bescīnan1to shine upon, light up, illuminate,Rd; Æ. [‘beshine’]

besciran=bescieran

bescirian=bescierian

bescītan1to befoul, WW 50728.

bescrēadianto scrape off, clean off, ES 42·171.

bescrepan5to scrape,Lcd101a.

bescūfan2to shove, impel, thrust down, hurl, throw, Æ, AO:force, Æ.

bescȳlanto look askance,Bo12130. [sceol]

bescyr-= bescier-

besēcanto beseech, beg urgently, MF (Vesp. D xiv).

besecganto announce, introduce:defend, excuse oneself: (w. on)accuse, Æ.

beselian=besylian

besellanto surround, cover(over):hand over.

besema=besma

besencanto cause to sink, submerge, immerse, drown,Bl, Mt; AO, CP:plunge into(fire), GD 317. [‘besench’]

besendanto send, Æ.

besenganto singe, burn, AO.

besēonI.sv5(tr., intr. and refl.)to see, look, look round, behold,Æ, Mk, Ps; AO:look after, go to see, visit:provide for. b. tōlook upon, have regard to, CP. [‘besee’]

II.sv1to suffuse,Cr1088.

besēoðanto boil down,Lcd.

besēowian(ī, ȳ)to sew together, sew up,Ep. [‘besew’]

be-serian, -serwan =besierwan

besettanto put, place, set near, appoint, Æ:own, keep, occupy: ‘beset,’cover, surround with, adorn,B; CP, Æ:besiege, invest,An:institute, set going.

besīdianto regulate the size of anything, RB 8918. [sīd]

besierwanto ensnare, surprise, deceive, defraud, oppress, AO. [searu]

besīgan(on)to rush, v. OEG 4126.

besilfranto silver,VPs6714.

besincan3(intr.)to sink,AO. [‘besink’]

besingan3to sing of, bewail:sing charms, enchant, Æ.

besirwan(AO, CP) =besierwan

besittan5to sit round, surround, beset, besiege,Chr; AO:hold council:occupy, possess. [‘besit’]

besīwian=besēowian

beslǣpan7to sleep, LL (2843).

beslēan6to strike, beat, cut off, take away, deprive by violence, Æ.

beslēpanto slip on, cover, impose, put on, clothe.

beslītan1†to slit, tear.

besmam. ‘besom,’broom, rod,AO, Mt.

besmēaganto consider about, inquire into, ÆL 23b633.

+bēsmedcurved, WW 5159. [bōsm]

bēsmingf.curve, curvature, WW. [bōsm]

besmirwanto‘besmear,’ WW.

besmītan1to soil, defile, pollute, dishonour,Bl; Æ, CP. [‘besmit’]

besmitenesf.soil, stain, defilement, degradation, dirtiness, Æ.

besmittianto defile.

besmiðianto work(in metal),forge, surround with forged work.

besmocianto smoke, envelop with incense,ANS84·3.

besmyred= besmirwed pp. ofbesmirwan.

besnǣdan†to cut, mutilate.

besnīwianto cover with snow,WW. [‘besnow’]

be-snyðian, -snyððan †to rob, deprive of.

besolcenstupefied, dull, sluggish, inactive, slow, CP.

besorgdear, beloved, Æ.

besorgianto regret:be anxious about, dread, shrink from, Æ.

besorh=besorg

bespǣtanto spit upon, ÆH 2·24824.

bespanan6to lead astray, entice, incite, urge, persuade, AO.

besparrianto bar, shut,Gl.

bespirian=bespyrigan

besprecan5to speak about,AO:speak against, accuse of,Ps:claim at law,LL:complain. [‘bespeak’]

besprenganto besprinkle,Lcd. [‘bespreng’]

bespyriganto track, trace, LL.

bestadv. (used as superl. ofwel)best, most.

besta, beste wk. forms of superl. adj. betst.

bestǣlan(ē)to lay a charge against, convict.

bestæppan6to tread upon, step, go, enter, Æ.

bestandan6to stand round or about, beset, surround,Æ:attend to, Æ:beset, harass,Jn. [‘bestand’]

bestealcianto move stealthily, steal, ‘stalk,’ ÆL 3240. [stealc]

bestefnodptc.provided with a fringe, WW 37541.

bestelan4to move stealthily, steal away, steal upon,AO, LL; Æ, CP: (†)deprive. [‘besteal’]

bestēlan=bestǣlan

bestēman=bestȳman

bestēpan(= i)to deprive of(children), GD 7618.

bestingan3to thrust in, push, Æ.

bestrēdanto bestrew, cover, BH 15427(b).

bestrēowianto‘bestrew,’besprinkle,Æ.

bestreððanto bestrew, cover over.

bestrīcan1to make a stroke,Lcd186b. [strīca]

bestrīdan1to‘bestride,’mount,Æ.

bestrīpanto strip, plunder, despoil.

bestrūdan7to spoil, plunder, rob.

bestrȳpan=bestrīpan

bestryððan=bestreððan

bestuddianto be careful for, trouble about,Kl146.

bestȳman(e)to bedew, wet, flood, B 486. [stēam]

bestyrianto heap up,BH. [‘bestir’]

bestyrmanto agitate,Bo911.

besu=basu

besūpan2to sup up, swallow,Lcd113b.

besūtianto besmirch, GPH 40326.

besūðan= besūðan

beswǣlanto burn, singe, scorch, Æ.

beswǣpan=beswāpan

beswǣtanto sweat, toil,Sc11114.

beswāpan7to clothe, cover over, veil, protect, CP:persuade,BH. [‘beswape’]

beswelganto swallow up,EPs10627; 1233.

beswemmanto make to bathe,Bo1158.

beswencanto afflict,CPs6818.

besweðianto swathe, wrap up, wind round.

beswicn.treachery, deceit, AO (bī-), CP:snare.

beswica(bī-) m.deceiver.

beswican1to deceive, seduce, betray, circumvent, frustrate,Bl, Mt; AO, CP:to overcome, supplant, AO. [‘beswike’]

beswīcendm.deceiver, seducer,Gl.

beswicenesf.deception:surrender.

beswicfallef.trap,Gl.

beswicianto escape, be free from, BH.

beswicoldeceitful, CP 23816. (bi-)

beswīcungf.deception, WW.

beswincan3to toil, exert oneself, make with toil,Jn:till, plough, Æ. beswuncenexhausted, tired out. [‘beswink’]

beswingan3to flog, scourge, beat, strike,Æ; CP. [‘beswinge’]

beswylianto drench, flood,Rood23. [swilian]

besyftanto sprinkle, ÆL 23165. [siftan]

besylfran=besilfran

besylianto sully, defile, stain, Æ.

besyr-ewian, -i(a)n =besierwan

betadv.better,Bo. [‘bet’]

-bētav.dǣd-b.

betācnianto‘betoken,’designate.

betǣcan(w. d.)to make over, give up to, impart, deliver, entrust, commend to,Æ, Lk; AO, CP:appoint(for),set apart as, dedicate:show, point out,Lk:give orders, RB 1304:pursue, hunt, WW 9228. [‘beteach’]

±bētanto amend, repair, restore, cure, CP:make good, make amends, remedy, compensate, atone, pay‘bōt’for an offence,Æ, Mt, Lcd; AO, CP:attend to(fire or light),AO. ðurst b.quench thirst. [bōt; ‘beet’ vb.]

betast=betst

betborenof higher birth, LL.

bētef. ‘beet,’beetroot,Lcd. [L.beta]

-bētev.twi-b.

bētel= (1)bīetl; (2)bītol

beteldan3†to cover, hem in, surround:overload, oppress.

betellanto speak about, answer, defend oneself(against a charge),exculpate oneself,Chr; Æ.

bētendm.restorer,Ruin28.

+bētendnesf.amendment, OEG 586.

betēon1,2to cover, surround, enclose,AO; Æ, CP:dispose of, bestow, bequeath:impeach, accuse. [‘betee’]

betera‘better,’AO, Mk. followed by g. =better in respect of....

-bēterev.dǣd-b.

±beterianto‘better,’improve,CP:trim(lamp), GD.

beterringf.improvement, Æ.

betest=betst

betiēnan=betȳnan

betihtlianto accuse, LL.

betillan=betyllan

betimbranto construct, build,B. [‘betimber’]

betīnan=betȳnan

bēting=bǣtung

bētl=bīetl

betlic†grand, excellent.

bētnesf.reparation, atonement, LL (26416).

betoce=betonice

betogenesf.accusation, LL.

betoldenpp. ofbeteldan.

betonicef. ‘betony,’Lcd.

betost=betst

betr-= beter-

betræppan=betreppan

betredan5to tread upon, cover,CPs13810.

betrendanto roll,ES 37·180.

betreppanto entrap, catch,Chr. [‘betrap’]

be-trymman, -trymianto enclose, surround, besiege.

betstI.superl. adj. ‘best,’first,AO, Chr,Cr; CP. as sb.people of position,WW, Chr.

II.adv.in the best manner, most.

betstborenbest-born, eldest.

bett==bet

be-tuh, -tuoxn (CP), -tux =betwux

betuldonpret. pl. ofbeteldan.

+bētungf.repair, maintenance, LL.

betwēnan=betwēonan

betweoh, betweohs =betwux

betwēonan, betwēonumI.prep. w. g. d. a.between, among, amid, in the midst,Ps, Bl.

II.adv. ‘between,’BH:in the meantime, meanwhile:in turn, by turns, CM (-twȳn-).

betweox, betweoxn, betwih(s) =betwux

betwīn-= betwēon-

betwīnforlētnesf.intermission, DR.

betwux(Æ, AO, CP) betwuht, betwix, betwux(t), betwisc prep. w. d. a.between, among, amongst, amidst, during. b. ðisummeanwhile. b. ðǣm ðewhilst. [‘betwixt’]

betwuxālegednesf.interjection,ÆGr2782.

betwuxāworpennesf.interjection,ÆGr1020.

betwuxblinnes(twih) f.intermission, DR 123.

betwuxfæc(yx)internal, OEG 3861.

betwuxgangan7(twih)to go between,VPs287.

betwuxgangende(twih)separating.

betwuxgesettinterposed.

betwuxlicgan5(twih)to lie between, BH 7210.

betwuxsendanto send between.

betwuxt, -twyh, -twyx(t) =betwux

betȳhtlian=betīhtlian

betyllanto allure, decoy, BH 3584.

betȳnan(ī, īe)to hedge in, enclose, shut, bury, AO, CP:end, BH. [tūn]

betȳnungf.conclusion, OEG 3210.

betyranto pitch, stain a dark colour. [teoru]

betyrnanto turn round:prostrate oneself, RB.

beðI.= bið pres. 3 sg. ofbēon.

II.=bæð

beðæncan=beðencan

beðan=beðian

beðearfendeneedy, indigent,KGl708.

beðearflicprofitable, ÆL 23b242.

beðearfodneedy, ES 8·47450.

beðeccanto cover, protect, cover over, conceal.

beðen=beðung

beðencanto consider, remember, take thought for, take care of, care for,Gu: (refl.)reflect, ‘bethink’oneself,Lk; Æ:trust, confide in, entrust to, AO.

be-ðenian, -ðennanto cover, stretch on or upon, spread over.

beðēodanto be joined(to),adhere(to), RB 13420.

beðerscanto winnow, thrash,PPs437.

beðettanto bathe,Lcd3·9015(A 30·397).

±beðianto heat, warm, foment,Lcd; Æ:cherish. [‘beath’]

beðrāwan7to twist, GPH 39116.

beðridianto circumvent, overcome, force, AO.

beðringan3†to encircle, encompass:beset, oppress, burden.

beðryccanto press down,Cr1446.

beðrydian, beðryððan =beðridian

beðrȳnto press, NC 273.

beðuncan(Rd497) =beðencan

beðungf.bathing, bath, fomentation, cataplasm,Lcd; CP, Æ. [‘beathing’; bæð]

be-ðurfanswv. pres., 3 sg. -ðearf, pl. -ðurfon, pret. -ðorfte. (w. g. or a.)to need, have need of, want, Æ, CP.

beððan=beðian

beðwēan6to moisten, wet,LPs67.

beðwyrianto deprave, WW 3867. [ðweorh]

beðȳnto thrust, AO 1586.

beufan=bufan

beūtan=būtan

bewacianto watch, guard, Æ.

bewadan6to emerge,Rd8824.

bewǣfanto enfold, wrap round, cover over, clothe, Æ, CP.

bewǣganto deceive, frustrate,BVPs.

bewægnanto offer, proffer, B 1193.

bewǣlanto oppress, afflict,An1363.

bewǣpnianto disarm, Æ.

bewærlanto pass by:be free from, DR.

bewarenianto guard against, be on one’s guard, CP.

bewarianto keep watch, guard, preserve, ward off, CP.

bewarnian=bewarenian

bewāwan7to blow upon,Wa76. (biwāune = biwāwene)

beweallan7to boil away,Lcd.

bewealwianto wallow,Bo1159.

beweardianto guard, protect:observe closely.

beweaxan7to grow over, cover over, surround, Æ.

beweddendlicrelating to marriage, OEG 1122.

beweddianto betroth, marry, Æ:give security. [‘bewed’]

beweddungf.betrothal, LL 442Ha.

bewefan5to cover over,Lcd3·1464.

bewegan5to cover.

bewēled(ȳ2)poisoned, polluted, ES 38344. [wōl]

bewellanto knead, mix together.

bewendanto turn, turn round,Æ; (refl.)Mt922:turn one’s attention, convert, Æ. [‘bewend’]

bewenian†to entertain, take care of, attend upon.

beweorcan=bewyrcan

beweorpan3to cast, cast down, plunge, throw, Æ, AO:beat, Æ:surround.

beweorðianto adorn, DD 118.

beweotian=bewitian

bewēpan7to weep over, mourn, bewail,Æ; AO. [‘beweep’]

bewēpendliclamentable.

bewēpnian=bewǣpnian

bewerenesf.prohibition, BH 8613.

bewerianto guard, protect, defend, Æ, AO:check, prevent, forbid, Æ.

bewerigendm.protector, Æ.

bewerungf.defence, fortification.

bewestanprep. w. d. or adv.to the west of,Chr. [‘bewest’]

bewīcianto encamp,Chr894w.

bewindan3to wind round, clasp, entwine, envelop, encircle, surround,B, Mt; AO, CP:brandish(a sword). hēafe b.bewail:turn, wind, revolve.

bewindla(bi-) m.hedge, border, BC (Mdf).

bewitanswv., pres. 3 sg. -wāt, pret. 3 sg. -wisteto keep, care for, watch over, superintend, administer, lead, guide, Æ, AO.

bewitian(eo)to observe, attend to, care for, administer:perform.

bewlātianto look at, behold,LPs3214.

bewlītan1to look round,Gen2925.

bewōpen(pp. ofbewēpan)lamented:tearful, weeping.

bewrecan5†to drive:drive away, banish:drive round, beat round.

bewrencanto deceive.

bewrēon1,2to cover, hide, cover over, enwrap, protect, clothe,Sol, Met; CP. [‘bewry’]

bewreðianto sustain, support,Rd8121.

bewrītan1to record?Creat19:score round.

bewrīðan1†to bind, wind about, surround, envelop.

bewrixl-an, -ianto change:exchange, sell,PPs.

bewunaadj. indecl.accustomed, wont, AO.

bewyddian=beweddian

bewȳled=bewēled

bewyllan(= ie)to boil away,Lcd.

bewylwianto roll down, roll together.

bewȳpð= bewēpð pres. 3 sg. ofbewēpan.

bewyrcanto work, construct, surround with, enclose, cover,B; AO, Æ:work in, insert, adorn,Lcd. [‘bework’]

bewyrpan=beweorpan

beyrfeweardianto disinherit, A 13·321.

beyrnan=beiernan

bezera=bæzere

bi, bī (1) =be(prep.); (2) f. =bēo

bi-v. also be-

bīad=bēod

biblioðēcef. biblioðeoco (AO) bibliðeca m.library:bible,Æ. [‘bibliotheca’ (L.)]

bībrēad=bēobrēad

bicce, bice f. ‘bitch,’Lcd, WW.

biccen=byccen

bicgan(Æ) =bycgan

bicge=bicce

±bīcn-an, -ian (ē, ēa, īe, ȳ)to make a sign, ‘beckon,’wink, nod,Lk; CP:signify:summon. [bēacn]

+bīcnend(ē), ±bicni(g)end m.indicator, discloser:forefinger.

bīcnendlic, +bīcni(g)endlicallegorical; (gram.)indicative,ÆGr12414.

bīcnolindicating, indicative, GPH 398193.

±bīcnung(ēa, ē) f.beckoning, nodding:token, symbol, figure, Æ:figurative speech.

bīcwidem.byword, proverb, fable, tale,Æ. [‘bequeath’]

bīdn.lingering, hesitation, delay, halt,Rd. [‘bide’]

±bīdan1(intr.)to stay, continue, live, remain, delay,AO, Ps: (tr. usu. w. g.)wait for, await, expect,Bl, Mt; AO, CP:endure, experience, find:attain, obtain. [‘bide’]

biddan5to ask, entreat, pray, beseech,AO, Bl. b. and bēodan, hālsianto beg and pray:order, command, require, AO, CP. [‘bid’]

+biddan5(often refl.)to beg, ask, pray,Bl, Mt; Æ, CP:worship, Æ, AO. [‘i-bid’]

bidderem.petitioner.

bidenfæt=bydenfæt

biderīp=bedrīp

bideð(CP) pres. 3 sg. ofbiddan.

bīdfæst†firm, forced to stand out.

bīdingf.abiding place, abode,Gu180.

bīdsteall† m.halt, stand.

bīe= bēo pres. 1 sg. ofbēon.

bīecn=bēacen

bīecn-= bīcn-

bīegan(ē, ī, ȳ)to bend, turn, turn back, incline,Bo, Mk:depress, abase, humiliate:subject:persuade, convert:+bȳgedbowed down, infirm,Nic47129. [‘bey,’ būgan]

bieldan(æ, e, i, y)to encourage, excite, impel, exhort, confirm,CP, Ma; Æ, AO. [‘bield’; beald]

bieldo(y2) f.boldness, courage, arrogance, confidence,BH; CP. [‘bield’]

bielg=belg

bielw-= bilew-

bīeme(ē, i, ȳ) f.trumpet,CP, WW:tablet, billet. [‘beme’]

bīen=bēan

bīencoddas=bēancoddas

+bierde=+byrde

+bierhtan(e, y)to brighten, be or make bright, illuminate, enlighten, CP:make clear:celebrate. [beorht]

bierhtu(e, eo, i, y) f.brightness, effulgence, brilliance, CP. [beorht]

bierm=bearm

biernan3(ea, eo, i, y)to‘burn,’be on fire, give light,Æ, Lk, Ex, VPs.

biersteð, bierst pres. 3 sg. ofberstan.

bierðpres. 3 sg. ofberan.

biesen=bisen

biesgian=bysgian

bieter-= biter-

bīetl(ē, ī, ȳ) m. ‘beetle,’mallet, hammer,CP, Jud(y).

bietr-= biter-

bīeð= bēoð pres. pl. ofbēon.

bīfēranto feed, ES 41324.

bifianto tremble, be moved, shake, quake,Bo, Ps; Æ. [‘bive’]

bifigendlic(byfg-)terrible, NC 274.

bifungf.trembling, shaking, Æ.

-bifung(eo1) v.eorð-b.

bīfylcen.neighbouring people. [folc]

big=be

big-= be-, bī-, bycg-

bīg-= bīeg-

bige=byge

+bīgednesf.inflection, declension, case,ÆGr.

bīgegnes=bīgengnes

bīgelsm.arch, vault, Æ:inclination.

+bīgendlicinflectional,ÆGr918.

+bīgendnes=+bīgednes

bīgengf.practice, exercise, observance, worship,Æ:cultivation, Æ. [‘bigeng’]

bīgengam.inhabitant:cultivator, Æ:worshipper, Æ:benefactor.

bīgengen.practice, worship.

bīgengerem.worker:worshipper.

bīgengestref.handmaiden, attendant, worshipper,Gl.

bīgengnes, f.application, study.

+bigeð= +bygeð pres. 3 sg. of +bycgan.

bīgingf.bending, WW 21638.

bigleaf-(eo, i) = bīleof-

bīgnesf.power of bending, bending. [bīegan]

+bīgnes(ȳ) f.frequented place, assembly?EPs11727.

+bigð=+bigeð

bīgyrdelm.girdle, belt, purse,Æ, Mt:treasury. [‘bygirdle’]

bigytan=begietan

bihianda(MtL527) =behindan

bīhst= bȳhst pres. 2 sg. ofbūgan.

+bihðf.abode?Gu346. [cp.byht]

bil=bill

bilcettan=bealcettan

bildan=bieldan

+bildebold, brave, Æ. [beald]

bilem. ‘bill,’beak, trunk(of an elephant),WW:prow.

bīle=bȳle

bīlefa=bīleofa

bilehwīt==bilewit

bīleofa(i2) m., bīleofen f.support, sustenance, food, nourishment,Æ, WW:money, pay. [‘bylive’; libban]

bilēofianto support, feed upon,Guth347.

bilewet==bilewit

bilewitinnocent, pure, simple, sincere, honest,BH, Mt; Æ, CP:calm, gentle, merciful, gracious:plausible. [‘bilewhit’], adv. -līce.

bilewitnesf.mildness, simplicity, innocence, purity, Æ, CP.

bilgesleht=billgesliht

bilgst, bilhst pres. 2 sg. ofbelgan.

bilgðpres. 3 sg. ofbelgan.

bilherge=billere

bīlibb-, bīlif- = bīleof-

bilig=belg

biliw-= bilew-

billn. ‘bill,’chopper, battle-axe, falchion, sword,B, WW.

billerem. ‘bibulta’ (plant), WW.

billgeslihtn.clashing of swords, battle, †Chr937.

billhetem.murderous hate, strife,An78.

+bilodhaving a bill or beak. [bile]

bil-swæðn. (nap. -swaðu)sword track, wound,Ex329.

bilw-= bilew-

bīlyht=bȳliht

bīma(m.?), bīme =bīeme

bin=binn

bīnamam.pronoun, A 8·313.

+bindn.binding, fetter:costiveness.

±bindansv3to tie, ‘bind,’fetter, fasten, restrain,Æ, Bl, Mt, Jn; AO, CP:adorn.

bindef.head-band?KC6·133. [‘bind’]

bindele, -elle f.binding:bandage.

binderem. ‘binder,’Rd286.

bindingf.binding, OEG 324b.

binn, binne f. ‘bin,’basket, crib, manger,Bl, LkL.

binnanI.prep. (w. d. a.)within, in, inside of, into.

II.adv.inside, within, less than, during, whilst. [‘bin’]

binne=binn

bintpres. 3 sg. ofbindan.

bio-= beo-, bi-

biosmrung=bismrung

birce=beorc,beorce

bird(LkLR) =bridd

+bird=+byrd

birele=byrele

birenf.she-bear, OET (Ct).

birg==byrg

birgð, birhð pres. 3 sg. ofbeorgan.

birht-= bierht-

birig=byrig

birig-= byrg-

birihte(y) prep. w. d.near, beside,An850.

birihto=bierhtu

birle=byrele

birnan=beornan

birst, birsteð pres. 3 sg. ofberstan.

birstpres. 2 sg., bir(e)ð pres. 3 sg. ofberan.

biryhte=birihte

bisæcn? m?wallet, MtR 1010. [L.bisaccium]

bīsæccontested, disputed, LL.

bīsǣcf.visit,Gu188.

bisceop(o2) m. ‘bishop,’CP:high-priest, chief priest(of the Jews),heathen priest,AO, MkL.


Back to IndexNext