A.A-,prefix(1), addingintensityto the notion of the verb.—AS.áforar-,OHG.ar-, Goth.us-. For the quantity of theásee Sievers, 121. Cf.Or.A-,prefix(2), standing forA,prep., and for Icel.á; seeOn-(1).A-,prefix(3), standing forOf,prep.; seeOf.A-,prefix(4), standing for AS.and-, against, in return, toward.—AS.and-,ond-,on-(proclitic). Cf.On-(2.)A-,prefix(5), standing forAt,prep., and Icel.at, used with the infin. SeeAt-(1).A-,prefix(6), standing for AS.ge-; seeȜe-.A-,prefix(7), standing for OF.a-and Lat.ad-.A-,prefix(8), standing for OF.a-and Lat.ab-.A-,prefix(9), standing for AF.a, OF.e-,es-from Lat.ex-,e-.A-,prefix(10), standing for AF.an-, OF.en-from Lat.in-. SeeIn-.A-,prefix(11), standing for Gr.α-privative.A,interj.O! Ah! expressing surprise, pain, S, MD.A,prep.on, in, PP, S, S2, C2; seeOn.A,prep.of, S2, S3, PP; seeOf.A,adv.ever, S;aa, S;a buten, ever without, S; seeO.A-bac,adv.backwards, S, W2;abec, S;abak, C2, W;obak, S2.—AS.on-bæc. (A-2.)Abasshen,v.to abash, S3;abasshed,pp.abashed, ashamed, alarmed, C3, PP;abashed, S2;abasshid, S3;abasched, PP;abaisshed, PP;abaischid, W;abaischt, S2;abaissed, PP;abaist, S3;abayste, S2, C2.—OF.esbahiss-stem of pr. p. ofesbahir, to astonish; Lat.ex+ *badireforbadare, to open the mouth. (A-9.)Abate,v.to beat down, bring down, calm down, P, NED.—AF.abatre(pr. p.abatant); Late Lat. *adbatere. (A-7.)Abaue,v.to put to confusion, to be confounded, NED, HD, JD;abawed,pp.HD;abaued, HD.—OF. *abavir:esbahir(withvin place of losth, see Brachet, s.v.glaive). (A-9). SeeAbasshen.Abaye,sb.barking;phr.at þe abaie, at abaye, at bay, S2.—OF.abai, barking, fromabaier; cp. F.aboiin phr.:être aux abois.Abbay,sb.abbey, C2;abbeis, pl., S2.—AF.abbeie(abeie); Church Lat.abbādia,abbātia, fromabbātem. SeeAbbod.Abbesse,sb.abbess, PP.—OF.abbesse; Church Lat.abbatissa.Abbod,sb.abbot, MD, S2;abbot, S, PP;abbodes,pl.S2.—Church Lat.abbātem(pronouncedabbādem), nom.abbas; Gr.ἀββάς; Syriac,abba, father.Abbodesse,sb.abbess, PP.Abbot-rice,sb.abbacy, S.—AS.abbod-ríce, the rule of an abbot.A-B-C, the alphabet, P;abcy, Cath.;abce, Cath. (n.), PP;abcee, Cotg.;abece, Cath. (n.);apece, Prompt.—Cp. OF.abece, the crosse rowe (Cotg.).Abeah, Abeh; seeAbuȝen.Abeggen, Abeien; seeAbyen.A-bernen,v.to burn;abernð,pr. s.S.—AS.á-beornan. (A-1.)Abhominacioun,sb.abomination, NED, C2.Abhomynable,adj.abominable, S3, C3.—AF.abhominable; Lat.abominabilem.A-biden,v.to abide, remain, await, endure, S, S2, W2;habide, S2;abyde, C2;abid,imp., S, S2;abid,pr. s., S;abit, S, S2, C3;abod,pt. s., S;abood, W2;abide,pt. pl., S2;abididen, W2;abide,pp., G.—AS.á-bídan. (A-1.)A-biding,sb.expectation, W2.Abiggen; seeAbyen.Abil,adj.able, CM;able, C;hable, S3, MD.—OF.able,hable(mod. F.habile); Lat.habilem.Abilite,sb.ability, NED;habilitie, S3.—OF.habilité.Abilȝeit,pp.apparelled, S3.—OF.habiller.Abilȝement,sb.clothing, S3.—OF.habillement.Abit,sb.dress, a monk’s clothing, habit, PP, CM, HD;abite, W.—AF.abit(habit); Lat.habitum(acc.).A-biten,v.to bite, S.—AS.á-bítan.(A-1.)Abject,pp.andadj.cast out, NED.Abjecte,v.to cast aside, S3.A-blawen,v.to blow, MD;ableow,pt. s., S.—AS.á-bláwan. (A-1.)A-blenden,v.to blind, MD;ablent,pr. s., S;pl., S;ablende,pt. s., MD;ablend,pp.MD.—AS.á-blendan. (A-1.)A-bouten,adv.andprep.about, C2, P, MD;abuten, S;abuuten, S;abuton, S;abute, S;aboute, S, G;oboute, MD;obout, S2.—AS.on-bútan(=on-be-útan). (A-2.)A-bouen,adv.andprep.above, C2, PP, MD;aboue, PP;abufen, S;abuuen, MD;abowen, MD;abone, S3, JD;oboven, MD;obowen, MD;oboune, MD.Phr.:at here aboue, S2.—AS.on+bufan(=be+ufan). (A-2.)Abregge,v.to abridge, shorten, C;abreggide,pp., W;breggid, W.—OF.abreger,abregier: Prov.abrevjar; Lat.abbreviare. (A-8.)A-breiden,v.to start up, to draw (sword), to thrust out, to blame, S;abreyden, NED;abraid,pt. s., S;abreyde, C2;abrayde, C;abroden,pp., S;abruden, S.—AS.á+bregdan. (A-1.)A-brode,adv.abroad, PP;abrood, C2;abrod, widely apart, PP. (A-2.)Abusioun,sb.deceit, S2, C3.—OF.abusion(Cotg.).Abute, Abuton, Abuten; seeA-bouten.A-buȝen,v.to bow, MD;abuen, MD;abouwen, MD;abowe, NED;abeah,pt. s., MD;abeh, S.—AS.á-bugan. (A-1.)A-byen, Abye,v.to buy, to pay for, S3, C2, C3, PP;abygge, PP;abiggen, PP;abuggen, S, PP;abeggen, MD, G;abeien, S;abie, PP;abuiþ,pr. s., S;abugeð,pr. pl., S;abouhte,pt. s., S;aboughte, G;abought,pp.C3.—AS.ábycgan. (A-1.)Abyme,sb.abyss, S2, HD.—OF.abime,abisme; Low Lat. *abyssimum, superl. of Lat.abyssus; Gr.ἄβυσσος, bottomless. (A-11.)Ac,conj.but, S, S2, P;acc, S;ah, S, S2;ak, S2, PP;hac, S;ach, MD;auh, MD, S;auch, MD;oc, S;occ, S.—AS.ac.Acc-; seeAc-.Accident,sb.accident (a term of the schoolmen), C3.—Lat.accidentem.Accidie,sb.sloth, indolence, S, CM, PP.—AF.accidie(NED); Low Lat.accidia,acedia; Gr.ἀκηδία, heedlessness, torpor. (A-11.)Accompt,sb.account, S3; seeAcounte.Accompted,pp.accounted, S3; seeAcounte.Ace,sb.a jot, S3; seeAs.A-cennen,v.to bring forth, to beget, MD;acenned,pp.MD;accenned, S;akenned, MD;akennet, S;acende(foracend), S.—AS.á-cennan. (A-1.)A-cennende,sb.begetting, birth, S.A-cenneng,sb.birth, S.A-chape,v.to escape, NED;achaped,pt. s., S2.—OF.achaper; cf. AF.ascaper. (A-9.) Cf.Eschapen,Ascapie.Achate,v.to purchase, NED.—OF.achater(F.acheter,acater; Late Lat.,accaptare.Achate,sb.purchase, provisions purchased, NED, C;achat, HD;acate, NED;acates,pl., HD.—OF.achat, AF.acate. See above.Achatour,sb.a purchaser of provisions, purveyor, C, NED, HD;acatour, NED.—AF.achatour,acatour; Late Lat.accaptatorem.Ache,sb.pain, Prompt.;eche, MD;hache, HD.—AS.æce(ece). SeeAken.Ache,sb.wild celery, parsley, NED, Voc.—OF.ache; Lat.apium; Gr.ἄπιον.Achesoun,sb.occasion, motive, HD, MD, NED.—OF.achoison,ocoison; Lat.occasionem. Cf.Anchesoun,Enchesoun,Chesoun.Achtande,ord.eighth, S2, NED.—Icel.áttandi; cp. OHG.ahtande. Cf.Eighte(ord.).A-colien,v.to wax cold;acolede,pt. s., S;acoled,pp., S.—AS.á-cólian. (A-1.)Acombren,v.to encumber, PP;acumbrid,pp., S2.—OF.encombrer. (A-10.)Acomplesshen,v.to accomplish, NED;accomplice, C;accompliced,pp.NED.—AF.acomplir(acomplice, pr. s. subj.); Late Lat.accomplere; see Brachet. (A-7.)Acord,sb.accord, agreement, MD;accord, S2;acorde, S.—AF.acord.Acordaunce,sb.agreement, PP.Acorden,v.to reconcile, to agree, MD, S2, P;accordyng,pr. p., S3;accorded,pp., S2;pt. s., S3.—OF.acorder; Late Lat.accordare, from Lat.ad+cord-, stem ofcor, heart. (A-7.)Acorse; seeAcursien.Acounte,v.to count, to calculate, NED, C2, PP;acompte, NED, PP;accompted,pp., S3.—AF.acounter, OF.acunter,aconter; Late Lat.accomptare; Lat.ad+computare. (A-7.)Acounte,sb.account, reckoning, PP;acompte, PP;accompt, S3;accomptes,pl., S3.—AF.acounte,acunte.Acoupen,v.to accuse, NED, HD;acoupede,pt. s., NED, PP;acopede, NED;acoulped, NED;acouped,pp., S2.—OF.acouper,acolper, forencouper,encolper; Lat.inculpare. (A-10.)Acoyen,v.to quiet, coax, tame, NED, Palsg.;acoyed,pt. s., S2.—OF.acoyer, to calm; Lat.ad+quietare. (A-7.)Acumbrid; seeAcombren.A-cursien,v.to curse, NED;acursi, S, NED;acorse, PP;acorsed,pp.MD. (A-1.)Acustumaunce,sb.customary use, NED, C2.—OF.acostumance. (A-7.)Acwenchen; seeAquenchen.Adamant,sb.adamant, very hard metal, a fabulous rock or mineral, the diamond, the loadstone or magnet, NED; precious stone, Prompt.;ademaunt, C;adamounde, Prompt. (n.);admont, NED;athamant, NED;athamaunte, C;attemant, NED;aymont, NED.—AF.adamant(aimant); Lat.adamantem; Gr.ἀδάμας(-αντα), lit. invincible, untamable, fromἀ-+δαμάω, I tame. (A-11.)Adaunten,v.to subdue, NED;adauntede,pt. s., S2.—OF.adanter,adonter; Lat.ad+domitare, to tame. (A-7.)A-dawe, out of life, NED, HD.—AS.of dagum, from days. (A-3.)A-dawen,v.to rise from sleep, also, to arouse, NED;adawed,pp.S3.—Cp. MHG.er-tagen, to dawn. (A-1.)A-day,adv.at morn, by day, S2, P;adai, S. (A-2.)Addledd,pp.earned, S; seeAdlen.A-diliȝen,v.to be lost, to perish, S;adiliȝede,pt. s., S;adiligde, S.—AS.á-diligan, to destroy. (A-1.)A-diȝten,v.to appoint, order, prepare, compose, clothe, treat, MD, S;adyȝt,pp., MD;adight, G;adyght, MD, HD. (A-1.)Adlen,v.to earn, MD;addle, Manip., MED;addledd,pp., S.—Icel.öðla, refl.öðla-sk, to acquire for oneself property, fromóðal, property, patrimony, from *aþal, race, see Fick, 7. 14; cp. OHG.uodil, ‘praedium’ (Tatian). SeeAthel.Admirald,sb.a Saracen commander, S; seeAmirail.Admod,adj.humble, gentle, S;ædmod, MD;edmod, MD.—AS.éadmód,éaðmód. SeeEth.Admoded,pp.asadj.lowly; seeEadmodien.Admodie,adj. pl.humble, MD;edmodi, MD.Admodliche,adv.humbly, gently, MD;ædmodliȝ, S.—AS.éadmódlice.Admodnesse,sb.humility, gentleness, MD, S;edmodnesse, S;æddmodnesse, S.—AS.éadmódnes.A-do,sb.fuss, trouble, difficulty, S3, Prompt., WW; = to do, PP, WW;adoe, ND, (A-5.)A-doun,adv.down, S, S2, C2, C3, G;adun, S;adune, S.—AS.of dúne, off the hill. (A-3.)A-drad,pp.frightened, put in dread, NED, S2, G, C, PP;adred, S;adrede, NED.—AS.of-drad(A-3). Cf.Of-dreden.A-drawen,v.to draw out, S2;adroh,pt. s., NED;adrou, NED;adraȝe,pp.NED. (A-1.)A-dreden,v.to fear greatly, S, NED;adrade,reflex., S.—OMerc.and-drǽdan(Rushw.); see NED. (A-4.)A-drenchen,v.to drown, to be drowned, MD, S, PP;adreynten,pt. pl., PP;adreynt,pp.drenched, PP;adreint, MD;adrent, S, PP;adreynched, PP.—AS.á-drencan. (A-1.)Adressen,v.to make straight, to direct, NED, H.—OF.adressier,adrecierLate Lat.addrictiare, from Lat.directum, straight. (A-7.)A-drinken,v.to be drowned, MD, S;adronc,pt. s., MD;adronken,pl., MD;adrunken,pp., MD.—AS.á-drincan. (A-1.)A-drye,v.to endure, bear, HD;adriȝen, S (19. 1047), MD.—AS.á-dréogan. (A-1.)A-dun,adv.down, S; seeAdoun.A-dunien,v.to din;adunest,2 pr. s.,adenyd,pp.MD. (A-1.)Adun-ward,adv.downward, NED;adonward, S2.Adversarie,sb.adversary, C3.—OF.adversarie; Lat.aduersarius.Advertence,sb.mental attention, C3.—Late Lat.advertentia.Advocat,sb.advocate, intercessor, C3;vokate, PP;vokyte,causidicus, Voc.;vokettus,pl.PP.—OF.advocat; Lat.aduocatum(acc.).Æ,sb.law, MD.—AS.ǽw(ǽ), law, divine law, the Mosaic law, marriage; Goth.aiws, an age, eternity; cp. OHG.éwa, the law of God, eternity (Otfrid). Cf.Æ-uez,Eu-bruche,Eche.Ædmod,adj.humble, gentle, MD; seeAdmod.Ædmodliȝ,adv.humbly, S; seeAdmodliche.Ædmodnisse,sb.humility, MD;æddmodnesse, S; seeAdmodnesse.Æhte,num.eight, MD; seeEighte.Æhtene,num.eighteen, S; seeEightene.Æn,num.andindef. art.one, S;ænne, S; seeOon.Æness,adv.once, S; seeOones.Æoure,pron.your, S; seeȜoure.Ærd,sb.native land, home, S; seeErd.Ærfeð-telle,adj.difficult to count, S. SeeArfeð.Ærnde,sb.errand, MD; seeErende.Ærnd-race,sb.messenger, S;Ærnd-raches,pl., S.—AS.ǽrend-raca.Ærnen,v.to run, S; seeRennen.Æ-uez,adj.pious, fast in the law, S.—AS.ǽ-fest. SeeÆ.Afaiten,v.to affect, to prepare, array, dress, to train, tame, subdue, NED, PP;affaiten, P;fayten, S2, PP;faiten, PP.—OF.afaiter,afeiter; Lat.affectare, freq. ofafficere;ad+facere. (A-7.)A-fallen,v.to fall, MD;auallen, MD;afeol,pt. s., MD;afallen,pp., MD.—AS.á-feallan. (A-1.)A-fallen,v.to fell, NED;afal,imp., S;aual, S.A-felde,adv.a-field, to the field, PP. (A-2).A-fellen,v.to fell, NED;auellen, MD.—AS.á-fellan,á-fyllan. (A-1.)A-fer,adv.afar, W, W2;afeer, NED;of feor, S (s.v.feor). (A-3.) Cf.A-ferre.Afere,sb., affair, bustle, appearance, demeanour, S2, NED;effere, S2;effeir, S2, S3;effer, S2;afferes,pl., PP.—OF.afere=a+fere; Lat.facere, to do. (A-7.)A-feren,v.to frighten, terrify, S, PP;afferen, MD;affeare,2 pr. s. subj., S;afered,pp.afraid, S, C, P;aferd, S, C, P, W2;afeerd, W;afert, PP;aferde, S3, P, W;afferde, S3.—AS.á-fǽran. (A-1.)A-ferre,adv.afar, Prompt.;oferrum, S2;onferrum, S2;onferre, NED;onferr, NED. (A-2). Cf.Afer.Aff-; seeAf-.Affamysit,pp.famished, S3, NED. Cp. OF.afamer; Late Lat.affamare.Affectuosly,adv.passionately, HD, NED.Affectuouse,adj.hearty, affectionate, NED, H;affectuse, NED.—Lat.affectuosus.Affray,sb.terror, S3, C2, C3. Cf.Effray.Affrayen,v.to frighten, C2;affrayed,pp.S2, C, C3, W; seeAfrayen.Afile,v.to file down, NED;affyle, C.—OF.afiler.Afingret,pp.an-hungered, NED, HD; seeOf-hungred.A-flemen,v.to drive away, MD;aulem,imp. s., S.—AS.á-fléman(á-flýman). (A-1.)Afolen,v.to befool;afoled,pp., S;afoild, NED, HD.—OF.afoler(Bartsch); Low Lat. *adfolare, to make foolish. (A-7.)A-fon,v.to receive, S;afeoh,imp., S;avoþ,pr. pl., S;auenge,pt. pl., S2.—AS.á-fón,on-fón(forond-fón), see Sievers, 198, 5. 1. (A-4.) Cf.Onfon.Aforce,v.to force, constrain, NED, H;afforce, H;aforsed,pt. pl., H.—OF.aforcer,efforcer,esforcier; Late Lat.exfortiare, from Lat.fortis, strong. (A-9.)A-fore,adv. prep., before, PP, WW;affore, PP;afor, PP;affor, PP;aforn, NED.—AS.on-foran. (A-2.)A-forthen,v.to further, promote, to achieve, to manage to do, to manage to give, to afford; P, NED, SkD, HD;aforde, NED.—AS.ge+forðian. (A-6.)A-fote,adv.on foot, PP;afoote, S3, W;auote, S2. (A-2.)Afrayen,v.to disturb from peace and quiet, to frighten, NED;affraye, C2 (E. 455);afreyd,pp.alarmed, afraid, NED;affrayed, W, S2, C, C3;affrayd, S3;affrayt, S3;frayd, S3,fraid, S3.—AF.afrayer,effrayer, OF.esfreer: Prov.esfredar; Low Lat.ex-fridare, fromfridum; cp. OS.friðu, peace. (A-9.) SeeAffrayen.A-fright,pp.terrified, C;afriȝt, NED, HD;afryȝte, HD.—AS.á-fyrht,á-fyrhted. (A-1.)After,prep.andadv.after, according to, S, HD, S2, C3;efter, S, S2;eftir, S3;eafter, MD;aftir, S2.—Æf-teris a comp. form, see SkD.After-clap,sb.an evil consequence or result, HD;after-clappys,pl., MD.After-del,sb.disadvantage, MD;after-dele, HD.A-fure,adv.on fire, S2;auere, S2;afiere, W2. (A-2.)Afyngred; seeAhungerd.Afyrst,pp.athirst, PP;afurst, PP;afrust, PP; seeOf-þurst.A-gasten,v.to terrify, MD, PP;agesten, S;agaste,pt. s., C2, C;agast,pp., PP, S2, S3, C2, C3, G;agazed, S3;agaste,pl., S2, W.—AS.á+gǽstan, to frighten. (A-1.)A-gen,prep.andadv.towards, back, again, S; seeA-ȝein.Agenes,prep.against, S; seeAȝeines.Agenst,prep.against, NED; seeA-ȝeinst.Agenst-Christ,sb.Antichrist, S3.A-gessen,v.to reckon, calculate, S. (A-1.)Aghe,sb.awe, H;agh, NED; seeAwe.Aghe-ful,adj.awful, H;aghful, H.A-gon,v.to obtain, PP.—AS.of-gangan, to require. (A-3.)A-gon,pp.andadv.gone away, ago, S2, C3;agoon, C2, C3;agone, S3;agoo, PP;ago, C2.—AS.a-gán, pp. ofá-gán, to go forth. (A-1.)A-graythen,v.to make ready, to dress, NED;agreþed,pp., S2;agrayþed, NED.—From Icel.greiða: Goth.ga-raidjan. (A-1.)A-graythinge,sb.apparel, S2, NED.Agreable,adj.pleasant, NED;aggreable, favourable, S3.—AF.agreable. (A-7.)A-gref, in grief, NED;agrief, C;ogrefe, NED.Phr.:takes not agreve, takes it not unkindly, NED. (A-2.)Agreggen,v.to make heavy, to be heavy, to aggravate, HD;agreggid,pp., W2.—OF.agregier: Prov.agreujar; Late Lat.aggreuiare, from *greuisfor Lat.grauis. (A-7.)Agreþed,pp.made ready, S2; seeA-graythen.Agreuen,v.to bear heavily on, to grieve, oppress, HD;agreued,pp., C2, PP.—OF.agrever; Lat.aggrauare;ad+grauare, fromgrauis. (A-7.)Agrimony,sb.agrimony, Prompt.;agremoine, Voc.;egrimony, Prompt.;egremoin, C3;egremounde, NED;ogremoyne, Voc.—Lat.agrimonia; Gr.ἀγρεμώνηcp. F.aigremoine.A-grisen,v.to be horrified, to terrify, to loathe, HD, MD, S;agryse, S2, C3.—AS.á-grísan. (A-1.)A-grounde, on the ground, S2, PP; on this earth, PP. (A-2.)Agte,sb.possession, S; seeAuhte.A-gulten,v.to sin, to offend, MD, PP, S;agilten, MD;agelten, MD;aȝulten, S;agulte,pt. s., PP;agult,pp., S;agilt, HD, PP.—AS.á-gyltan. (A-1.)Ah,conj.but, S, S2; seeAc.Ah,pr. s.owes (as a duty), S;ahen,pr. pl., are obliged, S; seeOwen.A-honge,pp.hanged up, S. (A-1.)Aht,adj.worthy, valiant, NED; seeAuht.Aht,sb.aught, anything;ahte, S;ahct, S; seeOught.Ahte,sb.possession, S2;ahhte, S; seeAuhte.Ahtlice,adv.valiantly, NED;ohtliche, NED. SeeAuht.A-hungerd,pp.a-hungered, PP, S3;ahungred, NED;afyngred, PP.—AS.ofhyngred. (A-3.) SeeOf-hungred.Aihte,sb.property, S;ayhte, S; seeAuhte.Air,sb.air, S2;aire, NED; seeEyre.Airtis,sb. pl.quarters of the sky, S3; seeArt.Aisille,sb.vinegar, S;eisil, MD;eisel, MD;eyselle, MD;esylle, Prompt.;aselle, MD;eysell, Sh.;aysel, H.—OF.aisil(eisil), also,aisi, Ps. 68. 21 (Metz); Late Lat.acitum(cp. OF.azet); Lat.acētum; see Schuchardt,Vokalismus, i. 294.Aisliche,adv.timorously, S3; seeEisliche.Ak,conj.but, S2, PP; seeAc.Ak,sb.oak, Voc.;akis,pl., S3; seeOok.A-kelen,v.to make cold, to grow cold, S, MD.—AS.á-célan. (A-1.)Aken,v.to ake, to throb with pain, C2, S2, Prompt., NED;eken, MD;ȝaik, NED;oc,pt. s., MD;ok, MD;oke, MD, NED;akide, NED;oken,pt. pl., PP.—AS.acan, pt.óc, pp.acen; cp. Icel.aka, to drive, Lat.agere. Cf.Ache.Akennet,pp.born, S; seeA-cennen.Aketoun,sb.a jacket of quilted cotton worn under the mail, a jacket of leather plated with mail, NED, Voc., C2;acketoun, HD;acton, NED, HD, JD;hakatone, HD;haqueton, NED;haketon, ND;hacqueton, ND.—OF.auqueton; Sp.alcoton; Arab.al-qūtn, the cotton.A-kneon, on knees, S, NED;aknen, HD;aknewes, HD. (A-2.)Al,adj.,sb.,adv.all, MD, S, S2, C2, C3;all, S, S3;hal, S2;alle,dat., S;ælle,pl., S;alle, S2;halle, S;ealre,gen., S;allre, S;alra, S;alre, S.—AS.eall,all,al.Al,adv.(with conjunctions);al if, although, NED.Al,adv.(with subj. mood), although, NED, C, C3;Al be it, even though it be that, C.Alabastre,sb.alabaster, W (Mt. 26. 7);alabaustre, S3;alablaster, Sh.—OF.alabastre; Lat.alabastrum(nom.-ter); Gr.ἀλάβαστρος,ἀλάβαστος.A-lang,adv.along, MD;along, MD;olong, MD (A-4). SeeEndlang.Alange,adj.tedious, strange, foreign, Prompt.;alenge, HD; seeElenge.Alarge,v.to enlarge, to give largely, HD;alargid,pp., W, W2.—OF.alargir. (A-7.)A-last,adv.at last, S2, NED. (A-5.)Alaun,sb.a large dog used for hunting;alan, NED;alant, NED;alauntz,pl., C;allaundes, NED.—OF.alan(allanin Cotg.); It.alano(Florio); Low Lat.alanus.Alay,sb.alloy, PP;alayes,pl., C2.—AF.alay.Alayen,v.to mix metals, to alloy, NED, PP;alayed,pp., PP.—AF.alayer,aleyer(F.aloyer); Lat.alligare, to bind. (A-7.)Albe,sb.a vestment worn by priests, and by some kings; NED.—Church Lat.alba, an alb; Lat.alba(vestis), a white garment.Albificacioun,sb.the process of making white (in alchemy), C3.—Late Lat.albificationem.Alblastrye,sb.the use of cross-bows, S3. SeeArblaste.Ald,adj.old, S, S2;alder,comp., MD;aldreste,superl., S; seeOld.Al-day,adv.always, continually, C2, PP.Alde-like,adv.with solemn, venerable mien, S.Alder,sb.elder, ancestor, also, prince, chief, MD, PP;aldren,pl., S;ælderen, S;elderne, S2;ealdren, MD;ealdrene,gen., S.—AS.ealdor(aldor). SeeAld.Alder,gen. pl.of all, C2, H; seeAlre-.Alder-best,adj.best of all, H; seeAlrebest.Alder-first,adj.first of all, C2; seeAlrefyrst.Alder-mon,sb.a prince, also, the principal officer in the shire, MD, Voc.;elldernemanness,gen., S;aldermen,pl.,PP,AS.ealdormann.Aldire-,gen. pl.of all, H; seeAlre-.Aldire-mast,adj.most of all, H; seeAlremest.Ale,sb.ale, S2, C2; ale-house, S2; an ale-drinking, NED.Comb.:ale-stake, a stake before an alehouse as a sign, C, C3, NED.—AS.ealu,alu; OTeut. stem *alut-. Cf.Nale.A-leggen,v.to lay down, to lay aside, to put down, confute, S, NED (allay1).—AS.á-lecgan. (A-1.)Alemaunde,sb.almond, NED, W2;almaundes,pl., NED;almoundes, NED.—OF.alemande,alemandre,alemandle(cp. Sp.almendra); Late Lat.amendola(cp. Pg.amendoa); Lat.amygdala; Gr.ἀμυγδάλη.Alemaunde-tre,sb.almond-tree, W2.Alembyk,sb.a retort (used in alchemy), C3;alambic, NED;limbeck, ND, Sh.;lymbecke, (Minsheu).—OF.alambic, Sp.alambique(Minsheu); Arab.al-anbíq; Gr.ἄμβῑκ-, stem ofἄμβιξ, a cup.A-lemen,v.to illumine, S;alimen, S;aleomen, S.—AS.á+léoman. (A-1.)A-lesednesse,sb.redemption, MD.A-lesen,v.to loose, deliver, S;alesde,pt. s., S;alesed,pp., S, HD.—AS.á-lésan,álýsan. (A-1.)A-lesendnesse,sb.redemption, MD.A-lesnesse,sb.redemption, S, MD.—AS.á-lésnis.Al-gate,adv.every way, always, in any case, NED, S3, C, C2, C3;allegate, S;algates, S2, C2, C3;algatis, W.—Cp. Icel.alla götu, every way.Algorisme,sb.the Arabic or decimal system of numeration, arithmetic, NED;algrim, MD;augrim, S.Phr.:cipher in algorisme, the figureo, a mere cipher, NED.—OF.algorisme(augorime); Low Lat.algorismus(cp. Span.guarismo, arithmetic, Minsheu); from Arab.al-Khowarazmi, the surname of an Arab mathematician of the 9th cent.Al-halowen,sb. pl.all saints, NED;alhalowes, NED;halalwes, S2.Al-halowen day,sb.All Saints’ Day, NED.—AS.ealra halgena dæg.Aliance,sb.alliance, NED;alliaunce, C2.—AF.aliance.A-liche,adv.alike, PP, NED.—AS.ge-líce. (A-6.) SeeIliche.Alie,sb.ally, relative, PP;allye, C2.Alien,v.to combine, unite, ally, NED;allyed,pp., C2.—OF.alier; Lat.alligare. (A-7.)A-liri,adv.across (said of the legs), P;alyry, PP.—AS.on+lira, the fleshy part of the leg (Voc.). (A-2.)A-liȝten,v.to alight, get lightly down from a horse, to descend, also, to lighten, MD;alyghte, C2;alyghte,pt. s., PP;alyȝte, PP;alihte, MD;aliȝte, S;alyhte, S2;aliȝt,pp., S2.—AS.á-líhtan. (A-1.)A-liȝten,v.to enlighten, illuminate, to light (a fire), NED.—AS.on-líhtan. (A-2.)A-liȝtnen,v.to enlighten, NED;alichtyn, S3;alyctnyng,pr. p., S3. (A-1.)Al-kaly,sb.alkali, C3.—Arab.al-qalīy, calcined ashes; fromqalay, to roast in a pan.Alkamistre,sb.alchemist, C3, NED. OF.alkemiste.Al-kamye,sb.medieval chemistry, PP.—OF.alcamie,alquimie; Sp.alquimia; Arab.al-kīmīā; Late Gr.χημία, of doubtful origin, prob. fromχυμεία, pouring.Al-karon,sb.the Koran, S2.—OF.al-coran; Ar.al-qorān, the reading, fromqara‘a, to read aloud.Al-katran,sb.the resin of fir trees, pitch, also, bitumen, NED, S2.—OF.alketran; Sp.alquitran; Ar.al-qatran, fromqatara, to drop.Al-kin,adj.of every kind, MED, PP;alkyn, S2, PP;alkynnes, PP;alle kynez, S2.—AS.alles cynnes, gen.Al-kynd,adj.of every kind, S3.All-; seeAl-.Allunge,adv.altogether, S, MD;allynge, MD;allinge, MED.—AS.eallunga,eallunge.Allure,sb.a place to walk in, a gallery, a walk by the parapets of a castle, a cloister, S3;alure, Prompt., NED.—OF.alure(nowallure), walk, going, a gallery, also,aleüre(= Low Lat. *alatura), fromaler, to go (F.aller).Almain,adj.German, NED;Almaines,pl.Germans, NED;Almaygnes, S3.—OF.aleman(F.allemand).Almain,sb.a kind of dance, NED;almond, NED.Comb.:almain-leap, ND;almond-leape, Cotg. (s.v.saut).Almaine,sb.Germany, H;Almayne, NED;Alemaine, S;Almeyne, NED;Almen, NED;Alamanie, S.—OF.Alemaigne; Lat.Allemannia, the country of theAllemanni.Almes-dede,sb.deed of mercy, S2.Almesse,sb.alms, charity, S, PP, Prompt., S2, C3;ælmes, S;elmesse, MD;almes, S, S2, W;almous, S2;almessis,pl., W.—AS.ælmysse; Church Lat. *alimosina(cp. OF.almosne);eleemosyna(Tertullian); Gr.ἐλεημοσύνηalms, Lu. 12. 33; orig. pity.
A-,prefix(1), addingintensityto the notion of the verb.—AS.áforar-,OHG.ar-, Goth.us-. For the quantity of theásee Sievers, 121. Cf.Or.
A-,prefix(2), standing forA,prep., and for Icel.á; seeOn-(1).
A-,prefix(3), standing forOf,prep.; seeOf.
A-,prefix(4), standing for AS.and-, against, in return, toward.—AS.and-,ond-,on-(proclitic). Cf.On-(2.)
A-,prefix(5), standing forAt,prep., and Icel.at, used with the infin. SeeAt-(1).
A-,prefix(6), standing for AS.ge-; seeȜe-.
A-,prefix(7), standing for OF.a-and Lat.ad-.
A-,prefix(8), standing for OF.a-and Lat.ab-.
A-,prefix(9), standing for AF.a, OF.e-,es-from Lat.ex-,e-.
A-,prefix(10), standing for AF.an-, OF.en-from Lat.in-. SeeIn-.
A-,prefix(11), standing for Gr.α-privative.
A,interj.O! Ah! expressing surprise, pain, S, MD.
A,prep.on, in, PP, S, S2, C2; seeOn.
A,prep.of, S2, S3, PP; seeOf.
A,adv.ever, S;aa, S;a buten, ever without, S; seeO.
A-bac,adv.backwards, S, W2;abec, S;abak, C2, W;obak, S2.—AS.on-bæc. (A-2.)
Abasshen,v.to abash, S3;abasshed,pp.abashed, ashamed, alarmed, C3, PP;abashed, S2;abasshid, S3;abasched, PP;abaisshed, PP;abaischid, W;abaischt, S2;abaissed, PP;abaist, S3;abayste, S2, C2.—OF.esbahiss-stem of pr. p. ofesbahir, to astonish; Lat.ex+ *badireforbadare, to open the mouth. (A-9.)
Abate,v.to beat down, bring down, calm down, P, NED.—AF.abatre(pr. p.abatant); Late Lat. *adbatere. (A-7.)
Abaue,v.to put to confusion, to be confounded, NED, HD, JD;abawed,pp.HD;abaued, HD.—OF. *abavir:esbahir(withvin place of losth, see Brachet, s.v.glaive). (A-9). SeeAbasshen.
Abaye,sb.barking;phr.at þe abaie, at abaye, at bay, S2.—OF.abai, barking, fromabaier; cp. F.aboiin phr.:être aux abois.
Abbay,sb.abbey, C2;abbeis, pl., S2.—AF.abbeie(abeie); Church Lat.abbādia,abbātia, fromabbātem. SeeAbbod.
Abbesse,sb.abbess, PP.—OF.abbesse; Church Lat.abbatissa.
Abbod,sb.abbot, MD, S2;abbot, S, PP;abbodes,pl.S2.—Church Lat.abbātem(pronouncedabbādem), nom.abbas; Gr.ἀββάς; Syriac,abba, father.
Abbodesse,sb.abbess, PP.
Abbot-rice,sb.abbacy, S.—AS.abbod-ríce, the rule of an abbot.
A-B-C, the alphabet, P;abcy, Cath.;abce, Cath. (n.), PP;abcee, Cotg.;abece, Cath. (n.);apece, Prompt.—Cp. OF.abece, the crosse rowe (Cotg.).
Abeah, Abeh; seeAbuȝen.
Abeggen, Abeien; seeAbyen.
A-bernen,v.to burn;abernð,pr. s.S.—AS.á-beornan. (A-1.)
Abhominacioun,sb.abomination, NED, C2.
Abhomynable,adj.abominable, S3, C3.—AF.abhominable; Lat.abominabilem.
A-biden,v.to abide, remain, await, endure, S, S2, W2;habide, S2;abyde, C2;abid,imp., S, S2;abid,pr. s., S;abit, S, S2, C3;abod,pt. s., S;abood, W2;abide,pt. pl., S2;abididen, W2;abide,pp., G.—AS.á-bídan. (A-1.)
A-biding,sb.expectation, W2.
Abiggen; seeAbyen.
Abil,adj.able, CM;able, C;hable, S3, MD.—OF.able,hable(mod. F.habile); Lat.habilem.
Abilite,sb.ability, NED;habilitie, S3.—OF.habilité.
Abilȝeit,pp.apparelled, S3.—OF.habiller.
Abilȝement,sb.clothing, S3.—OF.habillement.
Abit,sb.dress, a monk’s clothing, habit, PP, CM, HD;abite, W.—AF.abit(habit); Lat.habitum(acc.).
A-biten,v.to bite, S.—AS.á-bítan.(A-1.)
Abject,pp.andadj.cast out, NED.
Abjecte,v.to cast aside, S3.
A-blawen,v.to blow, MD;ableow,pt. s., S.—AS.á-bláwan. (A-1.)
A-blenden,v.to blind, MD;ablent,pr. s., S;pl., S;ablende,pt. s., MD;ablend,pp.MD.—AS.á-blendan. (A-1.)
A-bouten,adv.andprep.about, C2, P, MD;abuten, S;abuuten, S;abuton, S;abute, S;aboute, S, G;oboute, MD;obout, S2.—AS.on-bútan(=on-be-útan). (A-2.)
A-bouen,adv.andprep.above, C2, PP, MD;aboue, PP;abufen, S;abuuen, MD;abowen, MD;abone, S3, JD;oboven, MD;obowen, MD;oboune, MD.Phr.:at here aboue, S2.—AS.on+bufan(=be+ufan). (A-2.)
Abregge,v.to abridge, shorten, C;abreggide,pp., W;breggid, W.—OF.abreger,abregier: Prov.abrevjar; Lat.abbreviare. (A-8.)
A-breiden,v.to start up, to draw (sword), to thrust out, to blame, S;abreyden, NED;abraid,pt. s., S;abreyde, C2;abrayde, C;abroden,pp., S;abruden, S.—AS.á+bregdan. (A-1.)
A-brode,adv.abroad, PP;abrood, C2;abrod, widely apart, PP. (A-2.)
Abusioun,sb.deceit, S2, C3.—OF.abusion(Cotg.).
Abute, Abuton, Abuten; seeA-bouten.
A-buȝen,v.to bow, MD;abuen, MD;abouwen, MD;abowe, NED;abeah,pt. s., MD;abeh, S.—AS.á-bugan. (A-1.)
A-byen, Abye,v.to buy, to pay for, S3, C2, C3, PP;abygge, PP;abiggen, PP;abuggen, S, PP;abeggen, MD, G;abeien, S;abie, PP;abuiþ,pr. s., S;abugeð,pr. pl., S;abouhte,pt. s., S;aboughte, G;abought,pp.C3.—AS.ábycgan. (A-1.)
Abyme,sb.abyss, S2, HD.—OF.abime,abisme; Low Lat. *abyssimum, superl. of Lat.abyssus; Gr.ἄβυσσος, bottomless. (A-11.)
Ac,conj.but, S, S2, P;acc, S;ah, S, S2;ak, S2, PP;hac, S;ach, MD;auh, MD, S;auch, MD;oc, S;occ, S.—AS.ac.
Acc-; seeAc-.
Accident,sb.accident (a term of the schoolmen), C3.—Lat.accidentem.
Accidie,sb.sloth, indolence, S, CM, PP.—AF.accidie(NED); Low Lat.accidia,acedia; Gr.ἀκηδία, heedlessness, torpor. (A-11.)
Accompt,sb.account, S3; seeAcounte.
Accompted,pp.accounted, S3; seeAcounte.
Ace,sb.a jot, S3; seeAs.
A-cennen,v.to bring forth, to beget, MD;acenned,pp.MD;accenned, S;akenned, MD;akennet, S;acende(foracend), S.—AS.á-cennan. (A-1.)
A-cennende,sb.begetting, birth, S.
A-cenneng,sb.birth, S.
A-chape,v.to escape, NED;achaped,pt. s., S2.—OF.achaper; cf. AF.ascaper. (A-9.) Cf.Eschapen,Ascapie.
Achate,v.to purchase, NED.—OF.achater(F.acheter,acater; Late Lat.,accaptare.
Achate,sb.purchase, provisions purchased, NED, C;achat, HD;acate, NED;acates,pl., HD.—OF.achat, AF.acate. See above.
Achatour,sb.a purchaser of provisions, purveyor, C, NED, HD;acatour, NED.—AF.achatour,acatour; Late Lat.accaptatorem.
Ache,sb.pain, Prompt.;eche, MD;hache, HD.—AS.æce(ece). SeeAken.
Ache,sb.wild celery, parsley, NED, Voc.—OF.ache; Lat.apium; Gr.ἄπιον.
Achesoun,sb.occasion, motive, HD, MD, NED.—OF.achoison,ocoison; Lat.occasionem. Cf.Anchesoun,Enchesoun,Chesoun.
Achtande,ord.eighth, S2, NED.—Icel.áttandi; cp. OHG.ahtande. Cf.Eighte(ord.).
A-colien,v.to wax cold;acolede,pt. s., S;acoled,pp., S.—AS.á-cólian. (A-1.)
Acombren,v.to encumber, PP;acumbrid,pp., S2.—OF.encombrer. (A-10.)
Acomplesshen,v.to accomplish, NED;accomplice, C;accompliced,pp.NED.—AF.acomplir(acomplice, pr. s. subj.); Late Lat.accomplere; see Brachet. (A-7.)
Acord,sb.accord, agreement, MD;accord, S2;acorde, S.—AF.acord.
Acordaunce,sb.agreement, PP.
Acorden,v.to reconcile, to agree, MD, S2, P;accordyng,pr. p., S3;accorded,pp., S2;pt. s., S3.—OF.acorder; Late Lat.accordare, from Lat.ad+cord-, stem ofcor, heart. (A-7.)
Acorse; seeAcursien.
Acounte,v.to count, to calculate, NED, C2, PP;acompte, NED, PP;accompted,pp., S3.—AF.acounter, OF.acunter,aconter; Late Lat.accomptare; Lat.ad+computare. (A-7.)
Acounte,sb.account, reckoning, PP;acompte, PP;accompt, S3;accomptes,pl., S3.—AF.acounte,acunte.
Acoupen,v.to accuse, NED, HD;acoupede,pt. s., NED, PP;acopede, NED;acoulped, NED;acouped,pp., S2.—OF.acouper,acolper, forencouper,encolper; Lat.inculpare. (A-10.)
Acoyen,v.to quiet, coax, tame, NED, Palsg.;acoyed,pt. s., S2.—OF.acoyer, to calm; Lat.ad+quietare. (A-7.)
Acumbrid; seeAcombren.
A-cursien,v.to curse, NED;acursi, S, NED;acorse, PP;acorsed,pp.MD. (A-1.)
Acustumaunce,sb.customary use, NED, C2.—OF.acostumance. (A-7.)
Acwenchen; seeAquenchen.
Adamant,sb.adamant, very hard metal, a fabulous rock or mineral, the diamond, the loadstone or magnet, NED; precious stone, Prompt.;ademaunt, C;adamounde, Prompt. (n.);admont, NED;athamant, NED;athamaunte, C;attemant, NED;aymont, NED.—AF.adamant(aimant); Lat.adamantem; Gr.ἀδάμας(-αντα), lit. invincible, untamable, fromἀ-+δαμάω, I tame. (A-11.)
Adaunten,v.to subdue, NED;adauntede,pt. s., S2.—OF.adanter,adonter; Lat.ad+domitare, to tame. (A-7.)
A-dawe, out of life, NED, HD.—AS.of dagum, from days. (A-3.)
A-dawen,v.to rise from sleep, also, to arouse, NED;adawed,pp.S3.—Cp. MHG.er-tagen, to dawn. (A-1.)
A-day,adv.at morn, by day, S2, P;adai, S. (A-2.)
Addledd,pp.earned, S; seeAdlen.
A-diliȝen,v.to be lost, to perish, S;adiliȝede,pt. s., S;adiligde, S.—AS.á-diligan, to destroy. (A-1.)
A-diȝten,v.to appoint, order, prepare, compose, clothe, treat, MD, S;adyȝt,pp., MD;adight, G;adyght, MD, HD. (A-1.)
Adlen,v.to earn, MD;addle, Manip., MED;addledd,pp., S.—Icel.öðla, refl.öðla-sk, to acquire for oneself property, fromóðal, property, patrimony, from *aþal, race, see Fick, 7. 14; cp. OHG.uodil, ‘praedium’ (Tatian). SeeAthel.
Admirald,sb.a Saracen commander, S; seeAmirail.
Admod,adj.humble, gentle, S;ædmod, MD;edmod, MD.—AS.éadmód,éaðmód. SeeEth.
Admoded,pp.asadj.lowly; seeEadmodien.
Admodie,adj. pl.humble, MD;edmodi, MD.
Admodliche,adv.humbly, gently, MD;ædmodliȝ, S.—AS.éadmódlice.
Admodnesse,sb.humility, gentleness, MD, S;edmodnesse, S;æddmodnesse, S.—AS.éadmódnes.
A-do,sb.fuss, trouble, difficulty, S3, Prompt., WW; = to do, PP, WW;adoe, ND, (A-5.)
A-doun,adv.down, S, S2, C2, C3, G;adun, S;adune, S.—AS.of dúne, off the hill. (A-3.)
A-drad,pp.frightened, put in dread, NED, S2, G, C, PP;adred, S;adrede, NED.—AS.of-drad(A-3). Cf.Of-dreden.
A-drawen,v.to draw out, S2;adroh,pt. s., NED;adrou, NED;adraȝe,pp.NED. (A-1.)
A-dreden,v.to fear greatly, S, NED;adrade,reflex., S.—OMerc.and-drǽdan(Rushw.); see NED. (A-4.)
A-drenchen,v.to drown, to be drowned, MD, S, PP;adreynten,pt. pl., PP;adreynt,pp.drenched, PP;adreint, MD;adrent, S, PP;adreynched, PP.—AS.á-drencan. (A-1.)
Adressen,v.to make straight, to direct, NED, H.—OF.adressier,adrecierLate Lat.addrictiare, from Lat.directum, straight. (A-7.)
A-drinken,v.to be drowned, MD, S;adronc,pt. s., MD;adronken,pl., MD;adrunken,pp., MD.—AS.á-drincan. (A-1.)
A-drye,v.to endure, bear, HD;adriȝen, S (19. 1047), MD.—AS.á-dréogan. (A-1.)
A-dun,adv.down, S; seeAdoun.
A-dunien,v.to din;adunest,2 pr. s.,adenyd,pp.MD. (A-1.)
Adun-ward,adv.downward, NED;adonward, S2.
Adversarie,sb.adversary, C3.—OF.adversarie; Lat.aduersarius.
Advertence,sb.mental attention, C3.—Late Lat.advertentia.
Advocat,sb.advocate, intercessor, C3;vokate, PP;vokyte,causidicus, Voc.;vokettus,pl.PP.—OF.advocat; Lat.aduocatum(acc.).
Æ,sb.law, MD.—AS.ǽw(ǽ), law, divine law, the Mosaic law, marriage; Goth.aiws, an age, eternity; cp. OHG.éwa, the law of God, eternity (Otfrid). Cf.Æ-uez,Eu-bruche,Eche.
Ædmod,adj.humble, gentle, MD; seeAdmod.
Ædmodliȝ,adv.humbly, S; seeAdmodliche.
Ædmodnisse,sb.humility, MD;æddmodnesse, S; seeAdmodnesse.
Æhte,num.eight, MD; seeEighte.
Æhtene,num.eighteen, S; seeEightene.
Æn,num.andindef. art.one, S;ænne, S; seeOon.
Æness,adv.once, S; seeOones.
Æoure,pron.your, S; seeȜoure.
Ærd,sb.native land, home, S; seeErd.
Ærfeð-telle,adj.difficult to count, S. SeeArfeð.
Ærnde,sb.errand, MD; seeErende.
Ærnd-race,sb.messenger, S;Ærnd-raches,pl., S.—AS.ǽrend-raca.
Ærnen,v.to run, S; seeRennen.
Æ-uez,adj.pious, fast in the law, S.—AS.ǽ-fest. SeeÆ.
Afaiten,v.to affect, to prepare, array, dress, to train, tame, subdue, NED, PP;affaiten, P;fayten, S2, PP;faiten, PP.—OF.afaiter,afeiter; Lat.affectare, freq. ofafficere;ad+facere. (A-7.)
A-fallen,v.to fall, MD;auallen, MD;afeol,pt. s., MD;afallen,pp., MD.—AS.á-feallan. (A-1.)
A-fallen,v.to fell, NED;afal,imp., S;aual, S.
A-felde,adv.a-field, to the field, PP. (A-2).
A-fellen,v.to fell, NED;auellen, MD.—AS.á-fellan,á-fyllan. (A-1.)
A-fer,adv.afar, W, W2;afeer, NED;of feor, S (s.v.feor). (A-3.) Cf.A-ferre.
Afere,sb., affair, bustle, appearance, demeanour, S2, NED;effere, S2;effeir, S2, S3;effer, S2;afferes,pl., PP.—OF.afere=a+fere; Lat.facere, to do. (A-7.)
A-feren,v.to frighten, terrify, S, PP;afferen, MD;affeare,2 pr. s. subj., S;afered,pp.afraid, S, C, P;aferd, S, C, P, W2;afeerd, W;afert, PP;aferde, S3, P, W;afferde, S3.—AS.á-fǽran. (A-1.)
A-ferre,adv.afar, Prompt.;oferrum, S2;onferrum, S2;onferre, NED;onferr, NED. (A-2). Cf.Afer.
Aff-; seeAf-.
Affamysit,pp.famished, S3, NED. Cp. OF.afamer; Late Lat.affamare.
Affectuosly,adv.passionately, HD, NED.
Affectuouse,adj.hearty, affectionate, NED, H;affectuse, NED.—Lat.affectuosus.
Affray,sb.terror, S3, C2, C3. Cf.Effray.
Affrayen,v.to frighten, C2;affrayed,pp.S2, C, C3, W; seeAfrayen.
Afile,v.to file down, NED;affyle, C.—OF.afiler.
Afingret,pp.an-hungered, NED, HD; seeOf-hungred.
A-flemen,v.to drive away, MD;aulem,imp. s., S.—AS.á-fléman(á-flýman). (A-1.)
Afolen,v.to befool;afoled,pp., S;afoild, NED, HD.—OF.afoler(Bartsch); Low Lat. *adfolare, to make foolish. (A-7.)
A-fon,v.to receive, S;afeoh,imp., S;avoþ,pr. pl., S;auenge,pt. pl., S2.—AS.á-fón,on-fón(forond-fón), see Sievers, 198, 5. 1. (A-4.) Cf.Onfon.
Aforce,v.to force, constrain, NED, H;afforce, H;aforsed,pt. pl., H.—OF.aforcer,efforcer,esforcier; Late Lat.exfortiare, from Lat.fortis, strong. (A-9.)
A-fore,adv. prep., before, PP, WW;affore, PP;afor, PP;affor, PP;aforn, NED.—AS.on-foran. (A-2.)
A-forthen,v.to further, promote, to achieve, to manage to do, to manage to give, to afford; P, NED, SkD, HD;aforde, NED.—AS.ge+forðian. (A-6.)
A-fote,adv.on foot, PP;afoote, S3, W;auote, S2. (A-2.)
Afrayen,v.to disturb from peace and quiet, to frighten, NED;affraye, C2 (E. 455);afreyd,pp.alarmed, afraid, NED;affrayed, W, S2, C, C3;affrayd, S3;affrayt, S3;frayd, S3,fraid, S3.—AF.afrayer,effrayer, OF.esfreer: Prov.esfredar; Low Lat.ex-fridare, fromfridum; cp. OS.friðu, peace. (A-9.) SeeAffrayen.
A-fright,pp.terrified, C;afriȝt, NED, HD;afryȝte, HD.—AS.á-fyrht,á-fyrhted. (A-1.)
After,prep.andadv.after, according to, S, HD, S2, C3;efter, S, S2;eftir, S3;eafter, MD;aftir, S2.—Æf-teris a comp. form, see SkD.
After-clap,sb.an evil consequence or result, HD;after-clappys,pl., MD.
After-del,sb.disadvantage, MD;after-dele, HD.
A-fure,adv.on fire, S2;auere, S2;afiere, W2. (A-2.)
Afyngred; seeAhungerd.
Afyrst,pp.athirst, PP;afurst, PP;afrust, PP; seeOf-þurst.
A-gasten,v.to terrify, MD, PP;agesten, S;agaste,pt. s., C2, C;agast,pp., PP, S2, S3, C2, C3, G;agazed, S3;agaste,pl., S2, W.—AS.á+gǽstan, to frighten. (A-1.)
A-gen,prep.andadv.towards, back, again, S; seeA-ȝein.
Agenes,prep.against, S; seeAȝeines.
Agenst,prep.against, NED; seeA-ȝeinst.
Agenst-Christ,sb.Antichrist, S3.
A-gessen,v.to reckon, calculate, S. (A-1.)
Aghe,sb.awe, H;agh, NED; seeAwe.
Aghe-ful,adj.awful, H;aghful, H.
A-gon,v.to obtain, PP.—AS.of-gangan, to require. (A-3.)
A-gon,pp.andadv.gone away, ago, S2, C3;agoon, C2, C3;agone, S3;agoo, PP;ago, C2.—AS.a-gán, pp. ofá-gán, to go forth. (A-1.)
A-graythen,v.to make ready, to dress, NED;agreþed,pp., S2;agrayþed, NED.—From Icel.greiða: Goth.ga-raidjan. (A-1.)
A-graythinge,sb.apparel, S2, NED.
Agreable,adj.pleasant, NED;aggreable, favourable, S3.—AF.agreable. (A-7.)
A-gref, in grief, NED;agrief, C;ogrefe, NED.Phr.:takes not agreve, takes it not unkindly, NED. (A-2.)
Agreggen,v.to make heavy, to be heavy, to aggravate, HD;agreggid,pp., W2.—OF.agregier: Prov.agreujar; Late Lat.aggreuiare, from *greuisfor Lat.grauis. (A-7.)
Agreþed,pp.made ready, S2; seeA-graythen.
Agreuen,v.to bear heavily on, to grieve, oppress, HD;agreued,pp., C2, PP.—OF.agrever; Lat.aggrauare;ad+grauare, fromgrauis. (A-7.)
Agrimony,sb.agrimony, Prompt.;agremoine, Voc.;egrimony, Prompt.;egremoin, C3;egremounde, NED;ogremoyne, Voc.—Lat.agrimonia; Gr.ἀγρεμώνηcp. F.aigremoine.
A-grisen,v.to be horrified, to terrify, to loathe, HD, MD, S;agryse, S2, C3.—AS.á-grísan. (A-1.)
A-grounde, on the ground, S2, PP; on this earth, PP. (A-2.)
Agte,sb.possession, S; seeAuhte.
A-gulten,v.to sin, to offend, MD, PP, S;agilten, MD;agelten, MD;aȝulten, S;agulte,pt. s., PP;agult,pp., S;agilt, HD, PP.—AS.á-gyltan. (A-1.)
Ah,conj.but, S, S2; seeAc.
Ah,pr. s.owes (as a duty), S;ahen,pr. pl., are obliged, S; seeOwen.
A-honge,pp.hanged up, S. (A-1.)
Aht,adj.worthy, valiant, NED; seeAuht.
Aht,sb.aught, anything;ahte, S;ahct, S; seeOught.
Ahte,sb.possession, S2;ahhte, S; seeAuhte.
Ahtlice,adv.valiantly, NED;ohtliche, NED. SeeAuht.
A-hungerd,pp.a-hungered, PP, S3;ahungred, NED;afyngred, PP.—AS.ofhyngred. (A-3.) SeeOf-hungred.
Aihte,sb.property, S;ayhte, S; seeAuhte.
Air,sb.air, S2;aire, NED; seeEyre.
Airtis,sb. pl.quarters of the sky, S3; seeArt.
Aisille,sb.vinegar, S;eisil, MD;eisel, MD;eyselle, MD;esylle, Prompt.;aselle, MD;eysell, Sh.;aysel, H.—OF.aisil(eisil), also,aisi, Ps. 68. 21 (Metz); Late Lat.acitum(cp. OF.azet); Lat.acētum; see Schuchardt,Vokalismus, i. 294.
Aisliche,adv.timorously, S3; seeEisliche.
Ak,conj.but, S2, PP; seeAc.
Ak,sb.oak, Voc.;akis,pl., S3; seeOok.
A-kelen,v.to make cold, to grow cold, S, MD.—AS.á-célan. (A-1.)
Aken,v.to ake, to throb with pain, C2, S2, Prompt., NED;eken, MD;ȝaik, NED;oc,pt. s., MD;ok, MD;oke, MD, NED;akide, NED;oken,pt. pl., PP.—AS.acan, pt.óc, pp.acen; cp. Icel.aka, to drive, Lat.agere. Cf.Ache.
Akennet,pp.born, S; seeA-cennen.
Aketoun,sb.a jacket of quilted cotton worn under the mail, a jacket of leather plated with mail, NED, Voc., C2;acketoun, HD;acton, NED, HD, JD;hakatone, HD;haqueton, NED;haketon, ND;hacqueton, ND.—OF.auqueton; Sp.alcoton; Arab.al-qūtn, the cotton.
A-kneon, on knees, S, NED;aknen, HD;aknewes, HD. (A-2.)
Al,adj.,sb.,adv.all, MD, S, S2, C2, C3;all, S, S3;hal, S2;alle,dat., S;ælle,pl., S;alle, S2;halle, S;ealre,gen., S;allre, S;alra, S;alre, S.—AS.eall,all,al.
Al,adv.(with conjunctions);al if, although, NED.
Al,adv.(with subj. mood), although, NED, C, C3;Al be it, even though it be that, C.
Alabastre,sb.alabaster, W (Mt. 26. 7);alabaustre, S3;alablaster, Sh.—OF.alabastre; Lat.alabastrum(nom.-ter); Gr.ἀλάβαστρος,ἀλάβαστος.
A-lang,adv.along, MD;along, MD;olong, MD (A-4). SeeEndlang.
Alange,adj.tedious, strange, foreign, Prompt.;alenge, HD; seeElenge.
Alarge,v.to enlarge, to give largely, HD;alargid,pp., W, W2.—OF.alargir. (A-7.)
A-last,adv.at last, S2, NED. (A-5.)
Alaun,sb.a large dog used for hunting;alan, NED;alant, NED;alauntz,pl., C;allaundes, NED.—OF.alan(allanin Cotg.); It.alano(Florio); Low Lat.alanus.
Alay,sb.alloy, PP;alayes,pl., C2.—AF.alay.
Alayen,v.to mix metals, to alloy, NED, PP;alayed,pp., PP.—AF.alayer,aleyer(F.aloyer); Lat.alligare, to bind. (A-7.)
Albe,sb.a vestment worn by priests, and by some kings; NED.—Church Lat.alba, an alb; Lat.alba(vestis), a white garment.
Albificacioun,sb.the process of making white (in alchemy), C3.—Late Lat.albificationem.
Alblastrye,sb.the use of cross-bows, S3. SeeArblaste.
Ald,adj.old, S, S2;alder,comp., MD;aldreste,superl., S; seeOld.
Al-day,adv.always, continually, C2, PP.
Alde-like,adv.with solemn, venerable mien, S.
Alder,sb.elder, ancestor, also, prince, chief, MD, PP;aldren,pl., S;ælderen, S;elderne, S2;ealdren, MD;ealdrene,gen., S.—AS.ealdor(aldor). SeeAld.
Alder,gen. pl.of all, C2, H; seeAlre-.
Alder-best,adj.best of all, H; seeAlrebest.
Alder-first,adj.first of all, C2; seeAlrefyrst.
Alder-mon,sb.a prince, also, the principal officer in the shire, MD, Voc.;elldernemanness,gen., S;aldermen,pl.,PP,AS.ealdormann.
Aldire-,gen. pl.of all, H; seeAlre-.
Aldire-mast,adj.most of all, H; seeAlremest.
Ale,sb.ale, S2, C2; ale-house, S2; an ale-drinking, NED.Comb.:ale-stake, a stake before an alehouse as a sign, C, C3, NED.—AS.ealu,alu; OTeut. stem *alut-. Cf.Nale.
A-leggen,v.to lay down, to lay aside, to put down, confute, S, NED (allay1).—AS.á-lecgan. (A-1.)
Alemaunde,sb.almond, NED, W2;almaundes,pl., NED;almoundes, NED.—OF.alemande,alemandre,alemandle(cp. Sp.almendra); Late Lat.amendola(cp. Pg.amendoa); Lat.amygdala; Gr.ἀμυγδάλη.
Alemaunde-tre,sb.almond-tree, W2.
Alembyk,sb.a retort (used in alchemy), C3;alambic, NED;limbeck, ND, Sh.;lymbecke, (Minsheu).—OF.alambic, Sp.alambique(Minsheu); Arab.al-anbíq; Gr.ἄμβῑκ-, stem ofἄμβιξ, a cup.
A-lemen,v.to illumine, S;alimen, S;aleomen, S.—AS.á+léoman. (A-1.)
A-lesednesse,sb.redemption, MD.
A-lesen,v.to loose, deliver, S;alesde,pt. s., S;alesed,pp., S, HD.—AS.á-lésan,álýsan. (A-1.)
A-lesendnesse,sb.redemption, MD.
A-lesnesse,sb.redemption, S, MD.—AS.á-lésnis.
Al-gate,adv.every way, always, in any case, NED, S3, C, C2, C3;allegate, S;algates, S2, C2, C3;algatis, W.—Cp. Icel.alla götu, every way.
Algorisme,sb.the Arabic or decimal system of numeration, arithmetic, NED;algrim, MD;augrim, S.Phr.:cipher in algorisme, the figureo, a mere cipher, NED.—OF.algorisme(augorime); Low Lat.algorismus(cp. Span.guarismo, arithmetic, Minsheu); from Arab.al-Khowarazmi, the surname of an Arab mathematician of the 9th cent.
Al-halowen,sb. pl.all saints, NED;alhalowes, NED;halalwes, S2.
Al-halowen day,sb.All Saints’ Day, NED.—AS.ealra halgena dæg.
Aliance,sb.alliance, NED;alliaunce, C2.—AF.aliance.
A-liche,adv.alike, PP, NED.—AS.ge-líce. (A-6.) SeeIliche.
Alie,sb.ally, relative, PP;allye, C2.
Alien,v.to combine, unite, ally, NED;allyed,pp., C2.—OF.alier; Lat.alligare. (A-7.)
A-liri,adv.across (said of the legs), P;alyry, PP.—AS.on+lira, the fleshy part of the leg (Voc.). (A-2.)
A-liȝten,v.to alight, get lightly down from a horse, to descend, also, to lighten, MD;alyghte, C2;alyghte,pt. s., PP;alyȝte, PP;alihte, MD;aliȝte, S;alyhte, S2;aliȝt,pp., S2.—AS.á-líhtan. (A-1.)
A-liȝten,v.to enlighten, illuminate, to light (a fire), NED.—AS.on-líhtan. (A-2.)
A-liȝtnen,v.to enlighten, NED;alichtyn, S3;alyctnyng,pr. p., S3. (A-1.)
Al-kaly,sb.alkali, C3.—Arab.al-qalīy, calcined ashes; fromqalay, to roast in a pan.
Alkamistre,sb.alchemist, C3, NED. OF.alkemiste.
Al-kamye,sb.medieval chemistry, PP.—OF.alcamie,alquimie; Sp.alquimia; Arab.al-kīmīā; Late Gr.χημία, of doubtful origin, prob. fromχυμεία, pouring.
Al-karon,sb.the Koran, S2.—OF.al-coran; Ar.al-qorān, the reading, fromqara‘a, to read aloud.
Al-katran,sb.the resin of fir trees, pitch, also, bitumen, NED, S2.—OF.alketran; Sp.alquitran; Ar.al-qatran, fromqatara, to drop.
Al-kin,adj.of every kind, MED, PP;alkyn, S2, PP;alkynnes, PP;alle kynez, S2.—AS.alles cynnes, gen.
Al-kynd,adj.of every kind, S3.
All-; seeAl-.
Allunge,adv.altogether, S, MD;allynge, MD;allinge, MED.—AS.eallunga,eallunge.
Allure,sb.a place to walk in, a gallery, a walk by the parapets of a castle, a cloister, S3;alure, Prompt., NED.—OF.alure(nowallure), walk, going, a gallery, also,aleüre(= Low Lat. *alatura), fromaler, to go (F.aller).
Almain,adj.German, NED;Almaines,pl.Germans, NED;Almaygnes, S3.—OF.aleman(F.allemand).
Almain,sb.a kind of dance, NED;almond, NED.Comb.:almain-leap, ND;almond-leape, Cotg. (s.v.saut).
Almaine,sb.Germany, H;Almayne, NED;Alemaine, S;Almeyne, NED;Almen, NED;Alamanie, S.—OF.Alemaigne; Lat.Allemannia, the country of theAllemanni.
Almes-dede,sb.deed of mercy, S2.
Almesse,sb.alms, charity, S, PP, Prompt., S2, C3;ælmes, S;elmesse, MD;almes, S, S2, W;almous, S2;almessis,pl., W.—AS.ælmysse; Church Lat. *alimosina(cp. OF.almosne);eleemosyna(Tertullian); Gr.ἐλεημοσύνηalms, Lu. 12. 33; orig. pity.