Weller, Charles Alexander, Peterborough. Judge of the County Court, Local Judge of the High Court Of Justice, and Local Master of the Supreme Court of Judicature, was born at Toronto, on the 29th March, 1830, and took up his abode in Cobourg in 1838, with his parents, William Weller and Mercy Wilcox Weller, now both deceased. Judge Weller received his education at the Cobourg Seminary (now Victoria College), and at Upper Canada College, Toronto. Having determined to adopt the profession of law, he studied with Boulton & Cockburn, and Hector & Weller, barristers, in Toronto. In 1852 he was admitted as an attorney, and the following year was called to the bar of Upper Canada. Having removed to Peterborough in 1852, he began the practice of his profession and soon succeeded in building up a good business. In February, 1857, he received the appointments of county crown attorney and clerk of the peace for Peterborough; and in March, 1875, that of master in chancery for the same place. In March, 1886, Mr. Weller was created judge of the County Court, retaining the master’s office. Since that period he has won golden opinions for himself as a just and upright judge, and one who takes a deep interest in all that pertains to the building up of the town in which he has so long resided, and the welfare of his fellow citizens. On the 20th October, 1852, he was married to Martha, eldest daughter of the late Dr. Gilchrist, of Colborne. The fruit of the union was two children, a son and daughter, Henry Boucher, late of Millbrook, barrister, deceased; and Eliza, who is married to H. B. Dean, barrister, Lindsay, and son of Judge Dean.
Belanger, Louis-Charles, Advocate, Sherbrooke, Quebec province, was born on 19th May, 1840, at Rapide Plat, province of Quebec (Flat Rapids), on the Yamaska river, about seven miles below the city of St. Hyacinthe, in the parish of Ste. Rosalie, county Bagot. He is the eldest son of Charles Belanger, farmer and master blacksmith, and Angélique Renault-Blanchard. The subject of our sketch, Mr. Belanger, has six brothers and six sisters, all living, ten of whom are in the province of Quebec, and two in Worcester, Mass. The last named two brothers editLe Courrier de Worcester, a leading French newspaper in New England. One of his brothers, Louis-Arthur, is the managing editor ofLe Progrès de l’Est, a lively newspaper published at Sherbrooke, and the only bi-weekly paper in the Eastern Townships. His paternal grandfather, Paul Belanger, came from Beauce, and was one of the pioneer settlers in the St. Hyacinthe district. The late Louis Renault-Blanchard, his maternal grandfather, sat in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada, before 1841. This gentleman took an active part in the troubles of 1837-’38, and was forced to take refuge in the United States, along with one of his sons, the late L. P. R. Blanchard, C.E. and P.L.S. Mr. Belanger studied at St. Hyacinthe College from 1853 until 1860, when he removed to Sherbrooke, and spent two years as professor in the old Commercial French College of those days, and in this town he has resided ever since. He began the study of law in 1862, with the late William-Locker Felton, Q.C., who sat in parliament for Richmond and Wolfe, during the years 1854-’58, and took an active part in the separate school bill then before the house,—his wife being a Roman Catholic and one of the most accomplished women of her time—and was admitted to the bar of Quebec province, in October, 1866. On the 13th October, 1866, he entered into partnership with H. C. Cabana, now joint prothonotary of the Superior Court for the district of St. Francis, as advocates, etc., and with him established thePionnier de Sherbrookenewspaper, being the first French newspaper published in the Eastern Townships. In July, 1874, the partnership was dissolved, and Mr. Belanger practised law alone for a while. In the autumn of that year, he and his brother, L. A. Belanger, purchased theSherbrooke Newsand started theProgrès, both of which they published until May, 1878, when they sold their establishment to a company by which thePionnierhas been published ever since. In 1882, he started theProgrès de l’Est, which he handed to his brother now with him, and to which he is an active contributor. He was a member of the 53rd battalion from 1882 until 1885, as active captain of No. 4 company, composed chiefly of French Canadians. From 1881 until 1883, he occupied a seat in the council, and was president of the St. Jean Baptiste Society in 1874, at the time of the National Convention at Montreal, and also in 1884, when the great celebration took place in the same city. Was one of the organizers of the St. Joseph Society, a Workingmen’s Mutual Benefit Society, in 1874. He has also been a school commissioner ever since 1865. In August, 1874, he was made honorary member of the St. Patrick’s Society, of Sherbrooke and vicinity. In 1876, he contested Richmond and Wolfe with Lieutenant-Colonel Hanning for the House of Commons, secured a majority of 114 in Wolfe, but was defeated by a larger majority against him in Richmond. Again, in February 1887, he contested the seat in Sherbrooke with R. N. Hall, the sitting member. There had been no contested election in that constituency for the Commons up till this time, since 1867, but after a most gallant fight, he was defeated. He had conducted the Crown business (French cases), ever since 1878, and he is now the sole Crown Prosecutor for the district of St. Francis, since February, 1887. In religion, he is a Roman Catholic, but well-known for his liberal views in religious and educational matters. In politics, he is an independent Conservative, but separated from the present government on account of the North-West troubles. On October 23rd, 1865, whilst studying law, he married Margaret Henrietta Bradshaw Unsworth, daughter of the late James Unsworth, who came from England to this country about the year 1852, and was engaged on the editorial staff of the MontrealGazettefor a while, after which he removed to St. Hyacinthe, where he held the office of agent for the Grand Trunk Railway Company, and died of cholera in 1854. Mr. Unsworth left four sons, one of whom, Joseph, is superintendent of the government railway on Prince Edward Island. His widow, still living in Sherbrooke, is the sister of the well-known English composer, John Hatton, who died a couple of years ago, in London. Mr. Belanger has only one child, a daughter, having lost two in their infancy. Mr. Belanger’s motto is “Live and let live!” He stands up for equal rights to all men, and is a thorough Canadian. In 1867, Mr. Belanger’s father and family removed from Ste. Rosalie to Cookshire, county of Compton, where he purchased a large farm, now carried on by Mr. Belanger and his youngest brother. His father died two years ago, much regretted by a large circle of friends.
Berryman, John, M.D., M.P.P., of St. John, N.B., is of Irish extraction, his father, John Berryman, being a native of Antrim, who emigrated to St. John, and married Miss Wade, a lady of U. E. Loyalist parentage. Dr. Berryman was born in St. John, 9th December, 1828, and received his early education at the grammar school in that city. After leaving school he began life as a clerk in a flour store in St. John, then in a hardware shop, and for a half year in a flouring mill owned by his father. In 1848 he visited the West India Islands of Trinidad, Jamaica, and Cuba; Santa Fe De Bogata and Rio Hacha in New Granada. In 1849 he built, in St. John, a steam meal mill for grinding corn, and ran it until the fall of 1851, when he sold out and left for the Cape of Good Hope, and subsequently Australia, where he resided for five years, and carried on business as a miner, merchant, truckman, builder, and carpenter. Having early manifested a strong bent for the profession of medicine, after his return from Australia he entered upon a careful course of studies, at first in St. John and afterwards at the University of Edinburgh, where he assisted, in his professional labors, Professor Sir J. Y. Simpson, and resided in his house for two years. It is part of the course of a good student to engage in actual work either in the city of Edinburgh or at the university. In this way a medical student acquires in the rough duties of a city physician a practical knowledge of the minutiæ of his arduous employment, which must afterwards be of great service to him, especially when, as so often happens, he elects his field of labor in some remote country town, or on the outskirts of civilization, where books are not to be had, and consultations with other physicians are necessarily few and far between. Students at Edinburgh frequently attend to outside patients, furnish statistics of mortality to the official registrars, and deliver lectures on professional subjects. It so happened that Dr. Berryman’s fate cast him very soon into a field of work which tested his practical knowledge and his natural resources to the utmost. The war of the United States rebellion broke out in 1861, and the demand for men and scientific skill of all kinds, but particularly for skilled physicians, became enormous. Dr. Berryman went to the front and tendered his services, which, being accepted, found a large field. He was appointed by Surgeon-General Hammond a member of an examining board in connection with Professors Stillie, DeCosta, Weir, Mitchel, and Gross, of Philadelphia, and Dr. Smith, an army surgeon, to decide what disposition should be made of the three thousand soldiers under treatment in the hospital. He saw many thrilling scenes in the field of battle and in the crowded war hospital. In the rough exigencies of army life, and amid the countless horrible cases which war engendered, he had an ample field for his abilities, and at the same time had opportunities of perfecting himself as a surgeon in most difficult and delicate surgical operations. The training so acquired has been of inestimable value to him in his subsequent career in St. John and elsewhere. After the war was over he settled down in his native city and speedily worked up an extensive and lucrative practice. There was a great demand for the services of an army doctor. He took an interest in the volunteer movement, and served as surgeon of the garrison artillery of St. John from 18th April, 1864, to September, 1875. He was also surgeon of police from 1863 to 1875. Besides these appointments and the calls of his large city practice, he has frequently been sent for to attend severe cases of disease in other parts of New Brunswick and also Nova Scotia. Dr. Berryman first came before the public in the role of a candidate at the general election held on the 26th of April, in 1886. He and his colleague, John V. Ellis, were elected to represent the city of St. John in the House of Assembly, the vote standing, Ellis, 1673; Berryman 1611; defeating E. McLeod, 1500; and R. F. Quigley, 1220. Dr. Berryman is a Liberal and will, no doubt, before long give a good account of himself on the floor of parliament. His large practical experience of men and manners gives him a great advantage in politics. In 1850 he was made a Mason in Hibernia Lodge, St. John. He married, on the 16th March, 1864, Mary A., daughter of G. S. Brodie, of London, England.
Jaffray, Robert, Toronto, is a Scotchman by birth, having been born at Bannockburn, Scotland, in 1832. He is the second son of William Jaffray and Margaret Heugh. His father carried on farming near the celebrated battlefield where King Robert Bruce defeated the English army of invasion led by King Edward, and gave Scotland her freedom. Here Robert passed his early days, and when only twelve years of age, his father dying, he was thrown on his own resources. After attending school at Stirling, until he was about fifteen years of age, he entered the service, as an apprentice, of J. R. Dymock, grocer and wine merchant, Edinburgh, Scotland, where he remained for five years. At the expiration of this time, he sailed for Canada, and arrived in Toronto in the fall of 1852. Here he joined his brother-in-law, John B. Smith, grocer and wine merchant, and was appointed as his manager. The establishment was situated on the site now occupied by Jaffray & Ryan, corner of Yonge and Louisa streets, then the most northern shop on Yonge street. Three years later Mr. Jaffray became a partner in his brother-in-law’s business, and the new firm traded under the name of Smith and Jaffray. In 1858 a disastrous fire swept away Mr. Smith’s lumber yard and sash and door factory on Niagara street, by which a great loss was sustained, and shortly after this event, Mr. Smith retired from the firm, leaving Mr. Jaffray to carry on the business alone. Being possessed of great energy and perseverance, he soon succeeded in building up a lucrative trade, and such was his success that in 1883 he was able to retire with a competency, handing the business over to his brother, George Jaffray, and James Ryan, who now carry it on. During Mr. Jaffray’s residence in Toronto he has been, outside his own business connected with many successful enterprises. He was appointed by the Hon. Alexander Mackenzie, one of the directors of the Northern Railway Company, in which capacity he served three years looking after the country’s interests, the government of Canada having advanced a large sum of money to that corporation at various times. From information furnished by Mr. Jaffray, a royal commission was appointed by the government to look into the affairs of the “Northern,” which resulted in a satisfactory settlement of the then existing claims. He was afterwards chosen a director of the Midland Railway Company, of which board he is at present an efficient member. In 1874 he took an active part in organizing the Toronto House Building Society (now the Land Security Company), of which he is vice-president. He is president of the Toronto Real Estate Investment Company; and is also a director of the Toronto Trust Company, director of theGlobePrinting Company, director of the Sovereign Insurance Company, director of the North America Life Insurance Company, director of the Peterborough Real Estate Investment Company, director of the Central Canada Land Investment Company, director of the Ontario and Sault Ste. Marie Railway Company, director of the Imperial Bank, and director of the Homewood Retreat or Private Asylum for Inebriates and Insane at Guelph. He is a member of the Caledonian and St. Andrew’s societies. In politics, Mr. Jaffray has identified himself with the Reform party, and although often solicited to accept nominations for civic and parliamentary honors, he has invariably declined. Immediately after the exciting political campaign of 1879, one of the most daring attempts was made to kidnap several of the leading men of the Reform party, ostensibly with the object of, extorting from them a large ransom. Among those marked for this object were the late Hon. George Brown, Hon. Oliver Mowat, and the subject of this sketch. Through a chain of circumstances, Mr. Jaffray was drawn into the snare, and taken from his residence at a late hour at night under pretence of arrest, he giving himself up to his captors on their producing a document purporting to be signed by Judge Wilson, acting for the minister of justice at Ottawa, directing him to be immediately brought to the judge’s residence for examination relative to certain charges of a grave character. Mr. Jaffray went with his captors, having no suspicion of foul play; but instead of being taken to Judge Wilson’s home, he was driven to a lonely spot on the east side of the Don and Danforth road, where, it afterwards appeared, his captors intended to imprison him in a cave they had previously prepared for his reception. The place was afterwards discovered by two detectives while they were searching in the neighborhood. It was dug out of the hill on a farm owned by Mr. Playter, and was capable of accommodating several persons. Mr. Jaffray, on alighting from the carriage, in the neighborhood of the cave, and finding himself the victim of a dastardly plot against his personal liberty, struggled with his captors and managed to get out of their clutches. He then succeeded in awakening the inmates of a house in the neighborhood, when his abductors made their escape. The officers of the law at once made great efforts to discover the perpetrators of the outrage, and suspicion having fallen on two brothers—Thomas and Ross Dale, they were arrested and tried for the crime. Thomas was found guilty, and sentenced by Judge Burton to two years in the county jail, Ross Dale being discharged. Thus ended one of the boldest plots to deprive several leading citizens of their liberty ever known in the province of Ontario. In 1860, he married Sarah, youngest daughter of John Bugg, by whom he has two sons and two daughters.
Jamieson, Philip, Clothier and Outfitter, Toronto, is a native of Scotland, having been born in Edinburgh, on the 31st July, 1850. His father, Hugh Jamieson, carried on the tailoring business in “Auld Reekie,” and his mother, Elizabeth Marshall, was born near Musselburgh. Young Jamieson received his education in Bell’s School in his native city, and after receiving a fair commercial education, was apprenticed to a jeweller. Here he served seven years, and at the end of his term was considered a first-class workman. After working a short time at his trade in Edinburgh he left for Canada, and reached Toronto in March, 1873. He brought with him a stock of ready-made clothing, and shortly afterwards opened a store on Queen street west. Business succeeding, he opened a branch store, further west on the same street. At this time he had a partner named Spain, and they traded under the name of Spain and Jamieson. This partnership continued about two years, when Mr. Jamieson elected to carry on the business alone, and from this time may be dated the success of his business, now grown to large dimensions. He shortly afterwards secured the large premises he now occupies on the corner of Yonge and Queen streets, and further extended his operations by opening branch establishments on Queen street west, and in the city of Hamilton. And Mr. Jamieson has now the largest retail clothing and outfitting establishment in the Dominion of Canada. He employs eight salesmen in his retail shop, five cutters, and over one hundred and fifty operative tailors. In politics, Mr. Jamieson, like the majority of the intelligent Scotch in Canada, is a hard-working and enthusiastic Reformer, and does not hesitate when the occasion calls for it to spend both time and money for party purposes. In religion he is an adherent of the Presbyterian church. On the 11th of March, 1873, he was married to Dorcas Wilson Menzies, daughter of William Menzies, of Edinburgh, and has a family of six children, four girls and two boys.
Schiller, Charles Edward, Montreal.—The late Mr. Schiller was a descendant of an old family which originally came from Hamburg, and was related to the great poet of that name. His grandfather, Augustus Schiller, was the first of the family to arrive in Canada, having come in the capacity of surgeon to one of the Hessian regiments in 1778. His father, Benjamin Schiller, served with great distinction and valor in theVoltigeurs Canadienat the battle of Chateauguay, under Colonel de Salaberry, and was promoted from lieutenant to captain on the field of battle for bravery in carrying his captain when wounded to the ambulance under a heavy fire. Charles Edward Schiller was born on the 17th September, 1819, at Rivière du Loup (en haut), and was educated at Benjamin Workman’s Academy, Montreal. He entered the court house in 1835, where he soon became chief clerk, and in 1847 was appointed deputy clerk of the crown and peace. He assisted at the famous trial of Jalbert, who was accused of the murder of Lieutenant Weir at St. Denis, during the rebellion of 1837. He also took a prominent part as officer of the court in the trial of the St. Alban’s raiders, in 1864, as well as in the trial of the Fenians after the invasion of 1866. Mr. Schiller was appointed joint clerk of the peace with Mr. Carter. On Mr. Carter’s leaving the office, Mr. Schiller was appointed clerk of the crown, and acted as such for a number of years. At the advent of the Joly government, at Quebec, in 1880, Mr. Brehaut, the then acting police magistrate, was appointed jointly with Mr. Schiller, as clerk of the crown. On the sudden death of Mr. Brehaut in 1882, the present clerk of the crown, L. W. Sicotte, was named Mr. Schiller’s partner. Mr. Schiller was, without doubt, the person who possessed the largest criminal experience in the Dominion, having had cognizance of the most important trials that took place since 1853. He was an excessively hard worker, and the only holidays he took during his term of office of fifty years, was one month when he went to New Orleans. Holidays and Sundays, from morning to night, he continued his labors. His time was so much taken up during the week in giving information and advice to gentlemen of the bar, that the routine work naturally fell behind, but when the new week began, the work of the past one was always completed. The employés in the offices of the clerk of the crown always found a true and kind friend in him, and when the supplies were refused by the Legislative Council in 1880 to the Joly government, Mr. Schiller paid the salaries of the clerks of the police court and of his own office out of his private means. The late Judge Ramsay, as well as Justice Johnson and Justice Aylwin, were warm personal friends of the deceased, and placed unbounded confidence in his experience. Judge Ramsay frequently consulted Mr. Schiller in criminal matters, and every crown officer who prosecuted for the crown, always found him willing to supply them with any information. In his entire public career, Mr. Schiller won the confidence and esteem of all with whom he dealt, and counted as his friends many of the most influential public men of the day. Always a staunch Conservative, he was a special protégé of the late Sir George Cartier, who had great confidence in him, and of the Hon. Mr. Chapleau. Mr. Schiller at one time took an active part in the local militia, and held the rank of captain. He nearly lost his life in the Gavazzi riots in 1853, having been in the midst of the firing by the troops. He leaves one sister, married to M. P. Guy, Montreal’s oldest notary. He died 25th April, 1887, after fifty-two years of consistent attendance to his active duties.
Ouellette, Rev. J. R., President of St. Hyacinthe College, Quebec province, was born at Sandwich, Ontario, on the 26th of December, 1830. He received his education in the college he now so ably presides over. Father Ouellette was ordained a priest at Paris, on the 20th of December, 1856, and in 1857 was appointed assistant at St. Mary’s Church, Toronto, under the Rev. John Walsh, now bishop of London, Ontario. Shortly after his settlement in St. Mary’s, he was transferred to St. Michael’s Cathedral, in the same city, as assistant, and later on was appointed rector. Two years afterwards, in 1859, he resigned his position in St. Michael’s Cathedral, and joined the teaching staff of St. Hyacinthe College. In 1882, on the retirement of the Rev. Joseph Sabin Raymond, who had been president of the college for a great number of years, he was chosen to fill the vacancy, and has since successfully conducted this popular institute of learning. He is one of the titular canons of the cathedral chapter of St. Hyacinthe.
Grant, Henry Hugh, Collector of Inland Revenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia, was born at Newport, Hants county, N.S., on the 15th April, 1839. His parents were John Nutting Grant and Margaret McCallum. Captain John Grant, grandfather of John N., first came to America with his regiment, the 42nd Highlanders, or “Black Watch.” He married in New York, and having retired from the army, he settled in Brooklyn, N.Y. He afterwards served, under Sir William Johnston, in some provincial corps raised in New York for operations against the Indians, and saw some hard service in Western New York, as well as in Ohio, where he distinguished himself in a number of engagements with the famous chief, Pontiac. His wife’s family favoring the rebels at the breaking out of the American revolution, induced him to leave for the West Indies, where, however, his loyalty and sense of duty did not allow him to remain. He soon returned and finding his regiment in New York ready to receive him, he joined again as captain, and with it fought at the battle of Long Island, when Washington was defeated, in 1776. At the conclusion of the war he removed to Nova Scotia, his property in Brooklyn having been confiscated. On his arrival there the Crown granted him a tract of land in Kempt, Hants county, and the part of this property on which he resided he named “Loyal Hill,” and here he remained until his death. Margaret McCallum was the granddaughter of Jean Baptiste Moreau, who came out to Halifax as chaplain and secretary to Lord Cornwallis. He was the first Episcopal clergyman to land in Halifax, and his son, Cornwallis Moreau, was the first male child born there after its settlement. Mr. Moreau was a relative of Napoleon’s celebrated general of that name. He was a convert from the Roman Catholic faith, having been educated for and taken priests’ orders in that church in France, Mr. Grant, the subject of our sketch, received his academic education in the Collegiate School at Wolfville, N.S. He afterwards spent some years as clerk in mercantile establishments, first in Windsor, N.S., and afterwards in New York. He returned from New York in 1871, and engaged in shipbuilding and mining enterprises, at the old homestead, Loyal Hill. In October, 1879, he was appointed to the civil service as exciseman, and served in the Toronto division until September, 1880, when, after passing a first-class examination, he was removed to Halifax, and promoted to the collectorship in October, 1882. He served several years in the 7th regiment of militia in the county of Hants, and holds a captain’s commission dated October 10th, 1867. Mr. Grant was appointed United States consular agent at Kempt in April, 1873, but resigned the office, on his removal from there, in 1877. He was made a master Mason, in Walsford Lodge, No. 924, Windsor, N.S., in 1866, and has ever since taken a deep interest in the order. He is a Conservative in politics, and in religion leans towards the Episcopal church. Mr. Grant was married at Newport, Hants county, on January 25th, 1872, to Georgie, daughter of George Allison. The fruit of this union has been five children, only two of whom are living, viz., Marion Allison, aged 13, and Frank Parker, aged 8.
Webster, Walter Chester, Hardware Merchant, Coaticook, Quebec province, was born in Hatley, P.Q., on the 27th November, 1841. His father, Oscar F. Webster, was a farmer. His mother, Eliza Watson, was a native of Antrim, Ireland. Mr. Webster received a sound commercial education at Hatley Academy. Before settling down to business he devoted some time to travel, and spent about three years in California. On his return to Canada, he turned his attention to farming, which he successfully prosecuted for eight years, and then adopted a mercantile life. In 1876 he opened a hardware and crockery store in Coaticook, and through close attention to business he has succeeded to his entire satisfaction. In 1873 Mr. Webster was appointed a justice of the peace by the Joly government, and for a number of years he has been a member of the municipal council of Coaticook, and also that of the township of Barnston. He was one of the original promoters of the Coaticook Knitting Company; and holds a considerable amount of this company’s stock. He is also a director of the Stanstead and Compton Agricultural Society. Mr. Webster takes a deep interest in the Independent Order of Oddfellows, and is an active member of this benevolent organization. Recently he was offered the position of mayor of the town by his fellow citizens, but owing to the pressure of business he was forced to decline the proffered honor. But, nevertheless, though refusing to take office, it is not to be presumed he lacks public spirit. There is no man in the community that does more to promote the prosperity of the place of his adoption than he does. He is always to be found amongst its workers, and is often consulted by both political parties when anything is on thetapisfor the promotion of the interests of either town or county. In politics, Mr. Webster is a Liberal, and in religion, a member of the Episcopal church. He was married, on the 20th September, 1865, to Adella A. Kennedy, second daughter of Washington Kennedy, of Hatley, and to them have been born six girls and one boy, a very promising youth of eighteen years, and named after his grandfather.
Papineau, Hon. Louis Joseph, was born in Montreal, 7th October, 1786. He was the son of Joseph Papineau, a well-known notary of his day, and one of the principal promoters of the constitution of 1791, and a member of the first parliament after the conquest. Louis Joseph was educated chiefly at the seminary of Quebec, and having studied law was admitted to the bar of Lower Canada in 1811. So brilliant were his prospects and his talents even before this that in 1809, and while still a student, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly for the county of Kent, now Chambly, and in 1815 was appointed speaker of the house. This office Mr. Papineau held, with only two years’ intermission during his mission to England as delegate of the Assembly in 1822-’23, for the long period of twenty years, or until the year 1837, the year of the unfortunate troubles, when he threw himself heartily into what he considered the right and lawful course of action to gain that which the present generation enjoys, through his and hisconfrères’endeavors then,—Responsible Government—and all the liberties of the British Constitution which had so long been denied in practice. In 1820, when Lord Dalhousie became governor, he appointed Mr. Papineau to a seat in the Executive Council, but this post was soon declined by him, when he found it a vain honor without the influence the council should have had on the determination of the governor. In 1822, the union of Upper and Lower Canada having been upon thetapis, and the subject being distasteful to many, Louis Papineau and John Neilson went to England, and were successful in getting the union postponed for the next two years. In 1827, unfortunate difficulties arose between the governor and Mr. Papineau, and to such a height did they reach that the former refused to acknowledge Mr. Papineau as speaker, though duly elected to that high office by a large majority of the Assembly. The Assembly triumphed, and Lord Dalhousie resigned his office as governor, after having dissolved the Assembly. He was succeeded by Sir James Kempt, who, after the next election, duly accepted Mr. Papineau as the speaker again appointed, and giving him, perhaps, one of the greatest triumphs ever achieved by any person in the political arena of any country. Political troubles grew worse as years rolled on, and in 1836 they culminated in the events of that and the next two years, which for the time threw Canada into a state of turmoil and anxiety, now happily all passed away, leaving only the fruits so bravely and indomitably sought for, constitutional government and unbiased representation. The so-called leaders of the disturbance having had rewards for apprehension placed on their heads, Mr. Papineau, as one, fled to the United States, where he resided from 1837 to 1839. He then removed to Paris, France, where he lived till 1847, when the issue of the amnesty proclamation enabled him to return to his native land. He again entered parliament, and was continued there until 1854, when he retired into private life, and for the next seventeen years enjoyed the calm of a green and sturdy old age, the love of books and horticulture, and the personal esteem of those who best knew his character. His death took place on Saturday, the 23rd September, 1871, at his residence at MonteBello, at the patriarchal age of eighty-five. His son, Louis Joseph Amédée Papineau, is the present joint-prothonotary of Montreal.
Greenwood, Stansfield, Manager of the Coaticook Cotton Company, Coaticook, Quebec province, was born in Lancashire, England, on the 28th of June, 1853. His father, Edward Greenwood, was a manager of a large cotton mill in Lancashire, His mother was Mary Chadwick, a descendant of the celebrated Sir Joshua Chadwick, of Lancashire. Mr. Greenwood, the subject of our sketch, was educated at Longholme Normal School, receiving an elementary education. After leaving school he entered the cotton mill in which his father was manager, and there learned all the details of the business. At the age of twenty-two, he came to Canada, and took charge of one of the departments of the Valleyfield Cotton Mills, which position he filled for six years. After that period he entered into a partnership with Wallace Bros., and started the Chambly Cotton Company at Chambly Canton, P.Q. This partnership lasted a year, when it was turned into a limited liability company. After another term of two years he retired from that company and took entire charge of the works of the Coaticook Cotton Company. Their mill, under the skilful management of Mr. Greenwood, has paid a good dividend, and still continues to do so. Mr. Greenwood is a Liberal of the Gladstone style, and in religion a Methodist. He was married on the 12th August, 1874, to Mary Ann Bury, daughter of John Bury, of Oswaldtwistle, Lancashire, and the fruit of the union has been three sons and a daughter.
Smith, Rev. James Cowie, M.A., B.D., Pastor of St. Andrew’s Church, Guelph, province of Ontario, was born in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, on the 17th January, 1834. His father, James Smith, followed the calling of a farmer. His mother was named Jane Cowie. The future divine received his elementary education at Smith’s Classical Academy, at Fordyce, Scotland, and on coming to Canada entered Queen’s University, Kingston, where he graduated, taking the degrees of B.A. in 1862, M.A. in 1864 (holding the first place in the university examinations), and B.D. in 1880. He was licensed to preach the gospel by the presbytery of Kingston, and was inducted into the pastorate of Cumberland and Buckingham Presbyterian congregations, July 11th, 1864. During this pastorate, he discharged the duties of local superintendent of schools, in the township of Cumberland, and acted as chairman of the Grammar School board. He was translated, in 1868, to St. Andrew’s Church, Belleville, where he remained some years, acting as inspector of schools in the town, in addition to his ministerial duties. About this time, having met the requirements for county school inspector, he was officially declared eligible for such a position by the chief superintendent of education of Ontario. Having been called to the vacant pastorate of St. Paul’s Church, Hamilton, Rev. Mr. Smith was translated thither about 1872, when he was again called to succeed the Rev. Dr. Hogg, deceased, in his pastorate charge, St. Andrew’s Church, Guelph. At different times Rev. Mr. Smith has served, in the capacity of stated clerk, successively in the presbyteries of Ottawa and Kingston; and while pastor in St. Paul’s Church, Hamilton, was appointed moderator of the Synod of Hamilton and London. For several years he has also been chosen to, and still holds at present, the responsible position of member of university council, Queen’s University, Kingston. He was at one time called to St. Andrew’s Church, Peterborough, and twice to St. Andrew’s Church, St. John, New Brunswick, both of which invitations he declined. Rev. Mr. Smith is very popular among his congregation, and takes a deep interest in all matters calculated to improve the social and spiritual condition of the people among whom his lot has been cast. He is in full harmony with the doctrines of his church, and can always be depended on to defend its standards. He was married, June 21st, 1866, to Emily Georgina, third daughter of the late Captain Archibald Petrie, R.N., of Cumberland, Ontario.
Carling, Hon. John, London, Ontario, Minister of Agriculture of the Dominion, M.P. for the City of London, Ontario, is the youngest son of Thomas Carling, a native of Yorkshire, England, who came to Canada in 1818, and settled in the county of Middlesex the following year. The future minister of state was born in the township of London, on the 23rd of January, 1828, and received his education in the public school of his native city. While quite young he became a member of the brewing firm of Carling & Co., London, and was an active member of it for a number of years. He took part in nearly all public matters, and was for several years a director of the Great Western Railway Company; the London, Huron & Bruce Railway Company; the London & Port Stanley Railway Company, and was also chairman of the Board of Water Commissioners of the city of London. In 1857 Mr. Carling aspired to parliamentary honors, on the Conservative side, and was returned by a considerable majority over the Liberal candidate, Elijah Leonard, and continued to represent London in the Legislative Assembly of Canada continuously down to the time of confederation. In 1862 Mr. Carling made his first appearance as a cabinet minister, having been appointed receiver-general that year. At the general election, after the consummation of confederation, Mr. Carling was elected to the House of Commons, and was likewise returned as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. In the Ontario Assembly he was appointed minister of agriculture and public works, under the Sandfield-Macdonald administration, and this portfolio he retained till 1871, when fortune went against the administration, and it was forced to resign. In 1878 Hon. Mr. Carling was again returned to parliament, and took his seat in the House of Commons, at Ottawa, but he did not hold a portfolio in the new cabinet. However, in 1882, he was made postmaster-general, and this office he held until the 25th September, 1885, when he became minister of agriculture, and he has held this office ever since. At the general election of 1887 he was re-elected to the House of Commons, after a lively contest with Charles S. S. Hyman, a local Liberal, his majority over his opponent being thirty-nine votes. Hon. Mr. Carling is not a demonstrative member, but the same clear-headedness and calm judgment that had served him so well in his important successful business affairs has stood him in good stead as a parliamentary representative. He has proved himself a capable minister of the crown, and although he seldom makes a speech in the House of Commons, yet when he does he always speaks to the point. In politics Hon. Mr. Carling is a Liberal-Conservative, and in religion he belongs to the Methodist church. He is married to Hannah, eldest daughter of the late Henry Dalton of London, Ontario.
Smith, Arthur Lapthorn, B.A., M.D., Montreal, member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, fellow of the Obstetrical Society of London, lecturer on diseases of women in the medical faculty of Bishop’s College, Montreal, consulting physician to the Montreal Dispensary, is the second son of William Smith, deputy minister of marine, Ottawa, and was born on the 6th June, 1855, at St. John, New Brunswick, where his father was at that time comptroller of customs. His mother was Jane Busby, a granddaughter of the late Colonel Bayard, of Nova Scotia, at one time on the staff of the Duke of Kent. He received his early education at private schools, and from tutors in St. John and Chatham, New Brunswick, and in Melrose and Galashiels, in Scotland. He then entered the classical course at the University of Ottawa, where, after four years’ study, he graduated as B.A. in 1872. He then began his medical studies at Laval University, Quebec. At the end of his second year he took the degree of B.M., and at the end of his fourth year he obtained the degree of M.D., and the Sewell prize in 1876. He then proceeded to London, and studied during two winter sessions at Guy’s and the London hospitals, after which he passed the examinations of the Royal College of Surgeons. He spent two summers in Paris and Vienna. During six months of his stay in London, he held the position of resident clinical assistant at the East London Children’s Hospital. On his return to Canada, in 1878, he began practice in Montreal, where he has ever since remained. Shortly after his arrival he was appointed assistant demonstrator of anatomy in Bishop’s College Medical School, and attending physician to the Montreal Dispensary. He was also elected a member of the Medico-Chirurgical Society, in whose proceedings he has always taken an active part. He was for some time treasurer of this society. He soon became demonstrator of anatomy, and two years later he was appointed professor of botany, and held this position for two years, when he was given the chair of medical jurisprudence. In 1887 he was appointed lecturer on the diseases of women in the same university. He has always taken great interest in temperance matters, and was twice elected president of the Band of Hope, and for three years he was president of the Young Men’s Association of St. Andrew’s Church, of which he is now the youngest elder. He has long been a Mason, and has held the position of secretary of Royal Albert Lodge for several years. He has also reached the eighteenth degree in the ancient and accepted Scottish rite. He has been surgeon of the 6th Regiment of Cavalry for the past eight years, and has regularly camped out with his regiment when it was necessary to do so. Although he has a large practice as a specialist for diseases of women, he still finds time to contribute numerous articles to the medical journals, to deliver an occasional lecture on popular science before the Young Men’s Association, as well as to take an active interest in everything that concerns the welfare of his adopted city. As an instance of his energy, we may mention that, having heard of a new application of electricity to the treatment of hitherto incurable diseases of women, he immediately started for Paris, and remained with the inventor, Dr. Apostoli, until he had become thoroughly acquainted with all its details, and he subsequently published a translation of Dr. Apostoli’s latest work on this subject. Dr. Smith’s amiable manner and sympathetic nature has won for him the affection and esteem of his pupils and patients, especially among the poor. In politics, he is an ardent supporter of the policy of the Conservative party, which he considers will be the means of ultimately building up, in the north-west part of this continent, a great and wealthy nation. In 1884 he was married to Jessie Victoria, third daughter of Alexander Buntin, of Montreal, by whom he has had a son and a daughter.
Boak, Hon. Robert, Halifax, N.S., President of the Legislative Council of Nova Scotia, was born in Leith, Scotland, on the 19th of September, 1822. His father was Robert Boak, of Shields, in the county of Durham, England, who, on his retirement from the army, became an officer in her Majesty’s Customs, in Halifax in 1839, and retained that position until he was superannuated. His son, Robert Boak, the subject of our sketch, came to Halifax in 1831, and in 1847 became a member of the firm of John Esson & Co., wholesale grocers. In 1854 he retired from that firm, and formed the firm of Esson, Boak & Co., and engaged in the West India trade. In 1864 this latter firm was dissolved, and he then continued business in his own name, and under the firm style of Robert Boak & Son, until 1875, when he retired from business. Mr. Boak was president of the Nova Scotia Repeal League in 1869; became a member of the Legislative Council in 1872, and president of that body in 1878; and a member of the government, being treasurer of the province from December, 1877, to October, 1878. At present he is president of the Acadia Fire Insurance Company; vice-president of the Union Bank, and the Nova Scotia Sugar Refinery; also a director of the Gas Light Company. He has always been a Liberal in politics, and has done yeoman service for that party in the maritime provinces during the last decade.
Normand, Telesphore Euzebe, Contractor, Three Rivers, Quebec, was born on the 18th August, 1833, at Quebec city. His father, Edward Normand, was a well-known contractor of that city, and was the leading contractor of his time, having built the St. Maurice bridge in 1832, and again in 1841; also Montmorency, Chaudière and other bridges, as well as the greater part of the wharves at Quebec. His mother was Louise Martin, of Quebec. He was educated at Nicolet College; stood high in his class, and exhibited considerable promise as a student. On leaving the college, he went to Three Rivers, in 1851, and has resided there since then. He began life as a notary clerk under V. Guillet, with whom he was engaged from 1853 to 1858; and concurrently with this he was engaged in the office of the St. Maurice public works. In 1858 he set up for himself as a public notary, but in 1871 abandoned the legal profession for the purpose of following his father’s business. From 1861 to 1865 he was city councillor and school board commissioner at Three Rivers. He was elected mayor in 1873, defeating Mr. Bureau in the contest, after which he was elected by acclamation each year for the three following years, when he resigned. During the time he was mayor he was the means of consolidating the city debt, and carried out other important matters. He was captain of the city volunteers from 1863 to 1865. In politics he is a Conservative, and has given valuable assistance to his party. In 1871 he contested the seat for Champlain, but was defeated, by Senator Trudel, by forty-eight votes. As a contractor he stands in the foremost rank, and has a deservedly high reputation for first-class work. He was the contractor for the bridge over the St. Maurice, which is considered one of the most skilful pieces of workmanship—so far as wood bridges are concerned—in the province, if not indeed in the Dominion. The bridge in question is built in two sections, one of which is 1,400 feet, and the other 700 feet in length. The whole structure is built of the best material obtainable, and is a most excellent specimen of first-class work. Mr. Normand has constructed many other public works, such as wharves, piers, booms and railways, at Three Rivers, Quebec and Crane Island. Among other projects he carried out was that of the system of water-works which the city of Three Rivers possesses—a system which is inferior to none in the Dominion. Not only is Mr. Normand entitled to great credit for the energetic manner in which he pushed the work to completion, but also, what was even more needful, for obtaining the money wherewith to carry on the work—which he did by securing subscriptions in Quebec and England. He is held in the highest regard by the community, and is deservedly popular with all classes, not only in Three Rivers, but in Quebec city, where he is well-known. He was married in October, 1856, to Alphonsine, daughter of Joseph Giroux, one of the wealthiest and most prominent merchants in Three Rivers, who died in 1856, universally regretted. By this marriage there have been born nine children, five of whom survive.
Duhamel, Most Rev. Joseph Thomas, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Ottawa, is a native of Quebec province, having been born at Contrecœur, Quebec, on the 6th November, 1841. His parents were François Duhamel and Marie Joseph Audet-Lapointe, both of whom were born in Quebec province, but died in Ontario. The future archbishop’s father was a farmer, and having removed to Ottawa, sent his son to the college there, where he was educated under the direction of the Oblate Fathers, receiving a thorough classical education. On the completion of his studies, he decided to consecrate his life entirely to God, and accordingly entered the Ottawa Seminary, where, in prosecuting his theological studies, he evinced wonderful powers of mind. He was ordained sub-deacon, on the 21st June, 1863; deacon, 2nd November of the same year, and on the 19th December he was ordained priest. He was then appointed to the vicarage of Buckingham, county of Ottawa, where he proved himself to be possessed of many noble virtues and rare administrative qualities. On the 10th November, 1864, he went to St. Eugene, in the township of East Hawkesbury, county of Prescott, to reside as parish priest. At that time the parish of St. Eugene was one of the poorest in the diocese, and hence the young priest found it hard to carry on his work, especially as he had the difficult task before him of completing a church which was left unfinished by his predecessor. He found many obstacles to surmount, but by dint of persistent and energetic endeavors, and the exercise of his great abilities, he succeeded, and completed what is now, without doubt, one of the finest churches in the diocese, costing upwards of $25,000. Education, previously neglected in this parish, found in him an ardent friend and promoter, and at the present time there are many institutions in St. Eugene which owe their existence to him, and will long remain as monuments of his zeal. And the parishioners, too, by all of whom he was deeply beloved, will not forget their priest and guide, who for ten years went in and out among them. Father Duhamel accompanied his Grace Bishop Guigues to Rome at the time of the Œcumenical Council, but, receiving word of the serious illness of his mother, whom he loved tenderly, he was forced to leave the Eternal City and return to Canada a couple of weeks after his arrival there. Unhappily, he did not reach St. Eugene in time to see his mother alive, she having expired a few days previous to his arrival. Bishop Guigues continued to honor Father Duhamel, and in many ways gave him unmistakable marks of his confidence and esteem. In the month of October, 1873, Father Duhamel accompanied Bishop Guigues as a theologian to the reunion of bishops at Quebec, where the young priest’s talents and acquirements were generally acknowledged. After the death of his beloved friend, Bishop J. E. Guigues, the first bishop of Ottawa, he was chosen as his successor, on the 1st September, 1874, and on the 28th of the following month he was consecrated as the second bishop of Ottawa. Many persons were surprised that such a young man—he being then only thirty-two years of age—should have been selected to fill such an important office in the church; but those who had known Father Duhamel for years felt that his Holiness Pope Pius IX. had made a wise choice, and, moreover, that the records of the church would testify that even younger men than this father had been promoted to high positions. Mgr. Laval was only thirty-five years of age when he was called to occupy the episcopal seat at Quebec, Mgr. de Pontbriand was only thirty-two, and Mgr. Plessis only thirty-seven when consecrated, and Mgr. Tache was scarcely twenty-seven when he was appointed to succeed Mgr. Provencher, who was himself only about thirty-three when made a bishop. His lordship Bishop Duhamel, is a gentleman of pleasing manners, and easy of access, and possessed of great energy and tact. He speaks with ease and fluency, and while his sermons denote deep thought, they are not wanting in graceful form and style. His store of knowledge is of the purest and most substantial kind, and he speaks the French and English languages with ease. He takes a great interest in the cause of education, and gives every encouragement to the Catholic educational establishments in the city of Ottawa and his diocese at large, and in his pastoral letters often calls the attention of the clergy and the parents to the importance of the secular and religious training of children. In 1875 he wrote: “The future of the country and of religion depends entirely, it may be said, on the good or bad education which youth shall receive. Parents are strictly bound to give their children a truly Catholic education. This obligation is founded on the law of God. We do not hesitate to add, very beloved brethren, that parents are obliged to fully comply with this duty to establish, encourage and support Catholic schools, and to have the children attend them.” (Tenth pastoral letter.) In September, 1878, he thus wrote to the clergy of the diocese: “Another scholastical year has just commenced, numerous pupils are rapidly filling the houses of higher education and elementary schools. Everywhere those who are devoted to the instruction of youth rival one another in zeal and ardor to secure the success of the great work that occupies them. These efforts should undoubtedly be seconded by the pastors of souls, since it is their duty to continue the mission instituted by our Divine Master, when he said, ‘Go, teach all nations.’ You will, then, judge it right, beloved co-operators, if I invite you to give this year, again, and always, your whole attention and most constant care to the cause of education. Remind parents of the strict obligation for each one to instruct his children or have them instructed according to his condition and the means Providence has given him. Frequently visit the schools of your parish.” Archbishop Duhamel having made known to Pope Leo XIII. all that the Rev. J. H. Tabaret, O.M.J., had done for education during the many years he had been superior of the College of Ottawa, his holiness granted this great instructor of youth the title, honors, and privileges of doctor of divinity, as a well-merited reward, which was also given to several of the professors. To give further encouragement to education, Archbishop Duhamel presents every year to the College of Ottawa, to the Literary Institute of the Grey Nuns, and to the educational establishment of the sisters of the Congregation de Notre Dame, silver medals to be awarded to merit, and otherwise he spares neither trouble or expense in providing for them all possible means of attaining a good education. Under his lordship’s care, the system of teaching has been considerably improved, as may be seen by the present high standing of the philosophy class in the University of Ottawa, directed by the Oblate Fathers. One of his first acts was to order that no young man should be permitted to begin his ecclesiastical studies before he had followed a regular collegiate classical course, including two years of philosophy, and then that, before he could be ordained priest, he should during four years (three years previously required) study dogmatical and moral theology, holy scriptures, canon law and ecclesiastical history. Shortly after his consecration, Bishop Duhamel, with the assistance of his clergy, had a magnificent monument erected in the interior of the cathedral at Ottawa to the memory of the lamented Right Rev. J. E. Guigues, his predecessor. In the autumn of 1878, Bishop Duhamel went to Europe, and on visiting Rome was kindly received by the new Pope, and among the favors bestowed by his Holiness was that of raising the Cathedral of Ottawa to the dignity of minor basilica. In 1882, his lordship spent some months in Rome, in order to have the diocese divided by the Holy See. He was successful; the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda having admitted that the division asked for was required for the good of souls and the progress of religion, the Pope erected the vicariate apostolic of Pontiac, with the Right Rev. N. Z. Lorrain as first bishop. During his stay in the eternal city his Holiness was pleased to honor Bishop Duhamel with the titles of Assistant to the Pontifical Throne, Roman Count, etc. On May 8th, 1886, his lordship was made first archbishop of Ottawa, and on the 10th of May, 1887, was made metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province of Ottawa. Archbishop Duhamel takes a great interest in the material as well as the spiritual progress and advancement of the parishes and missions in his diocese, and when paying his pastoral visit never fails to stimulate the generosity of his flock to build churches to replace the wood chapels built years ago, and in this he has been very successful. Since the year 1874 he has dedicated ten new substantial stone churches, of which the smallest is one hundred feet long; and during the same period he has formed thirty-three new missions, nearly all of which have large and commodious churches. Twenty of these missions have become parishes with residing pastors, which brings the number of regular parishes to about eighty. During his administration the Cathedral of Ottawa has been entirely renewed inside, and now presents a neat, rich and beautiful appearance, and may be numbered among the best cathedrals in Canada. His grace has always taken a special interest in the charitable institutions of the diocese, which number he has increased by four, and which now comprise four hospitals, three asylums for the orphans and aged people, two for fallen women, and one foundling hospital. To enable these institutions to perform their good work, the archbishop has ordered that each institution be patronized by a few parishes and missions,i.e., that the nuns to whose care these institutions are entrusted will be permitted to take up in these missions yearly collections from house to house. His grace has also established a monastery of the Sisterhood of the Precious Blood, whose aim is contemplative life.
Woodward, James Robertson, B.A., General Manager of the Quebec Central Railway, Sherbrooke, was born at Sherbrooke, on the 1st July, 1846. His father, Albert G. Woodward, came from New Hampshire, United States, to Canada in 1837, and is now coroner for the district of St. Francis. His mother is a daughter of Major Longee of Compton. Mr. Woodward, the subject of our sketch, was educated at Lennoxville, and is a B.A. of Bishop’s College University. Some time after leaving school he joined in a partnership with E. C. Brown, and began business as contractor. In 1869, the firm built and equipped sections of the Quebec Central Railway, and afterwards part of the Waterloo and Magog Railway. They also built railways in Brazil and Buenos Ayres in South America. In 1881, Mr. Woodward became the general manager of the Quebec Central Railway, and this office he still holds. For three years he held the position of secretary-treasurer for the county council of Sherbrooke; and for the same length of time was a member of the city council of Sherbrooke. He is a director of the Eastern Township’s Agricultural Association, and at various times he held the same position in other public bodies. In politics he is a Conservative, and at present chairman of the Liberal-Conservative Association of the district comprising the counties of Sherbrooke, Stanstead, Richmond and Wolfe, and Compton. He is a public spirited gentleman, and is highly respected by his fellow citizens. In religion he is an adherent of the Episcopal church. He is unmarried.
Hall, Robert Newton, B.A., LL.D., Q.C., Member of Parliament for Sherbrooke, P.Q., was born at Laprairie, 26th July, 1836. He is the son of Rev. R. V. Hall, English church clergyman. He received the principal part of his scholastic training in the University of Burlington, Vt., from which he has his degree of B.A., graduating in 1857. On returning home he entered upon the study of law, and in 1861 was called to the bar of Lower Canada. A year later he married Lena, daughter of the late A. W. Kendrick, of Compton, Quebec. In his practice of the law, he has all his life been exceedingly successful, and has long been recognized as a leading member of his profession. He held the honorable office ofbâtonnierof St. Francis section of the bar from 1877 to 1881, and in 1878 becamebâtonnierof the bar of the whole province. He has long been dean of the faculty of law in Bishop’s College, Lennoxville, from which college also he holds his doctor’s degree. All his life, Mr. Hall has been a leader of the public enterprises of his native province, his name being regarded as a tower of strength to any organization with which he becomes identified. He not only has the character of a man of spotless honor, but his public spirit, his great business ability, and his capacity for hard work, are guarantees of the success of anything to which he puts his hand. He was one of the chief promoters of the Eastern Townships Agricultural Association, and became the first president of that society when it entered upon active work. The railway development of his own section of the country has occupied a great deal of his attention. He is a director of the Quebec Central Railway a most important road; and president of the Massawippi Railway, a local line of great advantage to the district. When the first scheme for building the Canadian Pacific Railway was arranged, he was appointed one of the government directors on the general board, this appointment being a flattering recognition of the prominent part he had taken in railway affairs. When Judge Brooks, who for a long time represented Sherbrooke in the House of Commons, was appointed to his present position, the nomination of the Conservative party for the seat was offered to Mr. Hall, and when he accepted it, so complete was the confidence of all classes in his judgment and honor, that he was elected by acclamation. In the general election of 1887 Mr. Hall was opposed for the reason that the policy of both parties was to allow no elections by acclamation. But there was no serious expectation of defeating him, and his second return was received without surprise. In the house, Mr. Hall has the reputation of a careful and painstaking representative. He makes remarkably few speeches, considering the ability he displays when he does address the house, and the attention and respect with which he is listened to by both sides. Outside of the cabinet, he is by all odds the most prominent and influential representative of the Eastern Townships’ constituencies.
Raymond, Rev. Joseph Sabin, Vicar-General of the Diocese of St. Hyacinthe, Quebec province, was born at St. Hyacinthe, on the 13th March, 1810. He received his classical education in St. Hyacinthe College, and belonged to the first class that graduated from this institution. At the early age of seventeen, he began teaching, and continued as a teacher in the same college to the last day of his life. He was ordained priest in 1832. In 1847 he was elected president of St. Hyacinthe College, and occupied this position, except during an interval of six years, till 1883. Rev. Mr. Raymond, named vicar-general in 1852, was twice administrator of the diocese, during the absence of the bishop in Rome, and attended the five first Provincial Councils of Quebec, in the capacity of theologian to the bishop of St. Hyacinthe. He contributed largely to the foundation of the Order of Contemplative Religious of the Precious Blood in St. Hyacinthe. In 1874 he was named domestic prelate to his Holiness Pope Pius IX., and terminated a long and useful life in St. Hyacinthe, on Sunday, 3rd July, 1887, whilst robing to say mass. He was considered as one of the foremost men in the literary field of Quebec; he was a prolific and brilliant writer, and devoted his varied acquirements to the education of youth and devotional works. He was extensively read, especially in history and literature. His works, if collected, would form quite an important collection.
Montagu, Walter H., M.D., M.P. for Haldimand, Dunnville, Ontario, was born in Adelaide township, county of Middlesex, Ontario, on the 21st day of November, 1858, and is therefore, as we write, under thirty years of age, and one of the youngest members of the House of Commons. He is the youngest of the six sons of Joseph Montagu, an intelligent farmer, who was one of the most highly-respected residents of the county of Middlesex. His mother was a daughter of John Humphries, who came to Canada in 1832, and settled in Adelaide. Dr. Montagu was only five years old when his father died, when on a visit to friends in the United States, and has had, in great measure, to carve out his own career. He has, like many who have risen to eminence, had to educate himself, and this he began while engaged as an errand boy in a country store. He qualified for a teacher’s certificate in August, 1874. As a teacher he was employed successfully at various points, after which he entered Woodstock College, to devote himself to university studies. In 1882 he graduated in medicine in Ontario, and, desiring to pursue this profession, he then proceeded to Edinburgh. Here, later in the same year, he passed the examinations of the Royal College of Physicians, and received the diploma of the college. He then returned to Canada, and began the practice of his profession at Dunnville, county of Monck, where he now resides. A few months after settling at Dunnville he reluctantly accepted the nomination of the Liberal-Conservative Convention of Monck, to contest the riding in an election then pending for the Local Legislature. Though only a few days in the field he polled an immense vote, his own village giving him the largest Conservative majority it had ever given to its parliamentary representative. In 1886 he was again asked to run, but refused. In February of the following year he was placed in nomination for the House of Commons, as the representative of the county of Monck, but this he also declined, though a unanimous nomination by the party was offered him. At this time no candidate could be found to come out against Mr. Colter, the Reform member for Haldimand, who three months previously had been returned for the county by 126 of a majority over his opponent, Mr. W. Hamilton Merritt, a large property owner in the constituency, who had had the hearty support of the leading men of the Conservative party in the district. A new election was now to be held, and still no one dared to come out against the opposition candidate until the day before nomination. At almost the twelfth hour Dr. Montagu, at the urgent solicitation of his friends, Senator McCallum and Colin G. Snider, president of the Haldimand Conservative Association, stepped into the breach, and after a spirited campaign carried the county, but only by a majority of one, on a recount of ballots before the county judge. Dr. Montagu took his seat in the House of Commons, and by his qualities of head and heart gained the respect of both parties in parliament. His first and only speech during the session was called forth by an attack made upon the manner of his election. Brief and comparatively unimportant as it was, the speaker commanded the closest attention of the house. A protest, however, was entered against his return; and after three days’ trial of the petition, Dr. Montagu agreed with his opponent to hold a new election. This came on in November, 1887, and was watched with the keenest interest by the whole country, for until the preceding February Haldimand had never before in her history returned a Conservative, and that return, it was alleged, was not a proper one. The contest was fought, on the Reform side, by Mr. Colter, assisted by M. Laurier, Sir Richard Cartwright, Messrs. Charlton and Patterson, Hon. Jacob Baxter, and a dozen other prominent Reformers. Dr. Montagu, representing the Conservatives, fought alone and almost single-handed; and though the most desperate means were employed to defeat him, he succeeded in carrying the county by seventeen of a majority. In the contest, Dr. Montagu’s public addresses attracted immense audiences, the people turning out everywhere in great numbers to hear him. Another recount was demanded, the result being that the majority was reduced to twelve. A protest was then entered against him, and tried in January before Justice Street. During five days’ trial the petitioners utterly failed in their charges, and not a single stain attached itself to the representative. In the present (1888) session, he had the honor paid him by the Dominion administration of being called to move the address to the throne. This he did with great credit to himself and with much gratification to his party. Dr. Montagu is a supporter of Sir John A. Macdonald, but at the same time he holds liberal views upon public questions, and brings a broad and comprehensive mind to their consideration and discussion. He is thoroughly Canadian in his aims and aspirations, and has an earnest and enthusiastic faith in the future of the country. His wife is Angie, daughter of Elias Furry, reeve of South Cayuga, Ontario.
Willets, Rev. Charles E., M.A., (Corpus Christi, Cantab.), D.C.L. (King’s, Windsor), Windsor, Nova Scotia, is a native of Northamptonshire, England, where he was born about forty years ago. He received his early education at Corpus Christi College, in the University of Cambridge, where he graduated in 1872. He took holy orders and was ordained in the same year by the Right Reverend George Augustus Selwyn, bishop of Lichfield. After his ordination, he accepted the position of curate of Gaily-cum-Hatherton, in Staffordshire, which office he held for one year. In 1873 he came to Canada, and was appointed to the position of sub-rector of Bishop’s Collegiate School, at Lennoxville, Quebec. Here he remained for three years, teaching and fulfilling his other duties with great success. The honorary degree of M.A. was conferred upon him by Bishop’s College in 1874. He next removed to the Collegiate School, Windsor, N.S., the position of headmaster of which happened to fall vacant in June, 1876. This school was the original seed of King’s College, which is the oldest degree-conferring university in British America. The school was started in 1788, a scheme for its establishment being warmly urged by the Right Rev. Dr. Charles Inglis of New York, first bishop of Nova Scotia, and also by his son, John Inglis, who solicited aid for it in England. A royal charter was obtained in 1802. A large number of the sons of the wealthiest class in the maritime provinces were educated in it during the first years of its history. Among distinguished men who received their early training in the school, or King’s College, may be mentioned Chief Justice Neville and Robert Parker, master of the rolls of New Brunswick; Judge W. B. Bliss; Judge Haliburton (“Sam Slick”); General Sir John Inglis, son of the second bishop of Nova Scotia, and a man who made his mark in the defence of Lucknow; the late Archdeacon McCawley; Archdeacon Gilpin of Halifax; administrator of the diocese of Nova Scotia; R. G. Haliburton; Rev. Dr. Hill, formerly rector of St. Paul’s, Halifax, and the late Rev. Dr. J. M. Hensley. Among head masters of the collegiate school were Rev. William Grey, Rev. Dr. Blackman, Dr. Salt, Rev. W. C. King, Rev. George B. Dodwell, M.A. (Cantab.), and Rev. John Butler. The original school building was of freestone, which was erected with great care under the supervision of Bishop Charles Inglis, but was unfortunately burnt down, 20th September, 1871. For two years the school was carried on at Martock House, near Windsor. A new handsome wooden building was erected on the original site in 1877, and Rev. Dr. Willets has continued in charge of the school ever since. The school has prospered under his management, and now accommodates upwards of forty boarders and a number of day scholars. There are two assistant masters, Mr. Richardson, formerly of King Edward VI. School, Retford, England, a distinguished linguist and chess-player, and Mr. Fullerton, B.A., of King’s College, also special instructors in drill and gymnastics and penmanship. Boys are prepared for matriculation in all of the provincial colleges and for the civil service examinations, Ottawa. The school possesses one of the handsomest sites in Nova Scotia, just below King’s College, and looking over the king’s meadow towards the south mountain. The honorary degree of D.C.L. was conferred upon Dr. Willets by King’s College in 1882. He was also elected a governor of King’s College in 1885.
Matheson, David, Superintendent of the Savings Bank Branch of the Post Office department, Ottawa, is a Scotchman by birth, he having been born in the parish of Canisbay, near John O’Groat’s, Caithness-shire, on the 25th October, 1840, and emigrated to Canada in 1861. Mr. Matheson joined the civil service in 1863, and was appointed private secretary to the postmaster-general. In 1868 he, with another officer, was appointed to organize the Post Office Savings Bank, and specially designed the plan of accounts which has made the Canadian system of savings banks a credit to our own country, and a model that other countries have been pleased to adopt. Mr. Matheson, in recognition of his services, was appointed, in 1881, assistant superintendent of the Savings Bank Branch of the Post Office department, and in February, 1888, he was made superintendent.
Cardin, Louis Pierre Paul, Sorel, Quebec province, M.P.P. for the county of Richelieu, is of a hardy, honest, and industrious stock, his father being a well-to-do yeoman of Isle Madame, adjoining the north-eastern corner of the Island of Montreal. He is still in the prime of life, having been born on the 21st May, 1841, a year important in Canadian annals for the consummation of the union which preceded the system of confederation. He was educated at the College of L’Assomption, an institution which has given to Canada a large number of men distinguished in the church, the legal and medical professions, and the ranks of commerce and industry. Mr. Cardin selected the honorable calling of a notary, in which he was destined to make his way to the front in a comparatively brief time. He was fortunate in being associated, during his early professional career, with a worthy gentleman of Sorel, the late Mr. Precourst, from whose office he was admitted to practise in October, 1868. He still remained with his esteemed employer, until his death, in 1872, when he succeeded to his large and profitable business. Laborious, obliging and conscientious, Mr. Cardin won the confidence and respect of all who had dealings with him in his professional capacity, or intercourse with him in private life. His ability and public spirit made his services in high demand in municipal and educational affairs. It was natural, also, that he should take a deep interest in all that concerned the agricultural progress of his country, and he soon found ample occupation for his leisure hours. He has been successively secretary of the council for Sorel, secretary of the Dissentient School Board, secretary of the Agricultural Society, president of the St. Jean Baptiste Society, secretary of the municipality of Sainte Victoire, and has filled various other offices of trust with entire satisfaction to the public. To him also was due the organization of the first militia company of Sorel, and in order to qualify himself for military command, he obtained certificate of the first and second class, which enabled him to take, if necessary, any commission up to and including that of lieutenant-colonel. Courteous, benevolent, grave and affable, Mr. Cardin is a man whose character invites confidence and wins esteem. His appearance is also in his favor. Of middle height, he has impressive features, a large forehead and animated eyes, while his long beard of silky texture, gives him an air of distinction. As a speaker, he is at once fluent and choice in his language, uniting calmness with earnestness, and can wither with scorn or melt with pathos, as the occasion demands. In politics Mr. Cardin is more Conservative than Liberal, but was not an active partizan until November, 1885, when he joined the National party. In September, 1886, he was selected by the convention of Richelieu as the candidate of his party in that county and was victorious in the election which followed. Since then he has acquitted himself entirely to the satisfaction of his supporters, giving a conscientious but independent support to the Hon. M. Mercier. He has been indefatigable in his efforts to improve the condition of Sorel, and to ensure the county of Richelieu its fair share of attention from the government.