On 15 May, 1800, an unsuccessful attempt was made by a discharged soldier, James Hadfield, to shoot the King, as he was entering his box at Drury Lane Theatre.
541. Union with Ireland, 1801.Obv.Bust of King l., in armour and cloak. GEORGIUS III. D. G. BRITANNIARUM REX FIDEI DEF. &c.C. H. K.Rev.Britannia and Hibernia, with their shields, &c., grasping right hands. JUNGUNTUR OPES FIRMATUR IMPERIUM; in ex., I. JAN. MDCCCI.C. H. KÜCHLER FC.Silver. Size 1·9. By C. H. Küchler.
By the Act of Union, 1 Jan. 1801, the parliaments and churches of England and Ireland were united, and freedom of trade was established.
542. War with France: Battle of Alexandria, 1801.Obv.Bust of Abercrombie facing, head l., in uniform. SIR RALPH ABERCROMBIE K.B. LIEUTENANT GENERAL.Rev.Britannia reclining, weeping at base of monument inscribed, WOUNDED MAR. 21. DIED MAR. 28. 1801; in the distance, battle. FRENCH DEFEATED. MAR. 21. 1801. Copper. Size 1·55.
At the battle of Alexandria, 21 March, 1801, the French under Menon were defeated by the English, who were commanded by Sir Ralph Abercrombie. Abercrombie was wounded in the action and expired seven days afterwards.
543. Peace of Amiens, 1802.Obv.King r., holding trident and shield, crowned by Victory with palm. REGNO PACEM OBTULIT; in ex., SUPER PACE RATA DIE 27. MARTII.HANCOCK.Rev.View of St. Paul's. DEO GLORIAM REFERT; in ex., PAX CELEBRATA DIE I. JUNII. MDCCCII.:K.&K. H.Silver-gilt. Size 1·9. By J. G. Hancock.
The Treaty of Amiens, concluded 27 Mar. 1802, between England, France, Spain, and Holland, restored peace to Europe. A public thanksgiving was held in England, 1st June following.
544. War with France and Spain: Victory of Trafalgar, 1805.Obv.Bust of Nelson l., in naval uniform. HORATIO VISCOUNT NELSON K.B. DUKE OF BRONTE &c.; on arm,C. H. K.Rev.Naval engagement. ENGLAND EXPECTS EVERY MAN WILL DO HIS DUTY; in ex., TRAFALGAR OCTṚ21. 1805. Edge engraved, TO THE HEROES OF TRAFALGAR. FROM M. BOULTON. Silver-gilt. Size 1·85. By C. H. Küchler.
At the battle of Trafalgar the French and Spanish fleets under Villeneuve and Gravina were defeated by the English under Nelson, who was killed in the action. Twenty of the enemy's ships struck, and Villeneuve and the two Spanish admirals and 20,000 prisoners fell into the hands of the victors. This medal was presented by Mr. Boulton to every officer and seaman engaged in the battle. It was issued in silver, bronze-gilt, bronze, and white metal.
545. Peninsular War: Battle of Talavera, 1809.Obv.Bust of Wellington r., in military uniform. ARTHUR DUKE OF WELLINGTON.MILLS F. MUDIE.Rev.Victory facing, head l., giving wreath to lion, but withholding another from eagle.BATTLE OF TALAVERA. 1809.LA FITTE. MUDIE D.Copper. Size 1·6. By Mills and Lafitte.
The battle of Talavera, 27 July, 1809, was the first of the great victories of Wellington in the Peninsula. The French were commanded by Joseph Bonaparte, Victor and Sebastiani, and the Allies by Wellington and Cuesta. For this victory Wellington, then Sir Arthur Wellesley, was raised to the peerage. This is one of the series of National Medals issued under the direction of James Mudie in 1820, "to commemorate the succession of victories achieved by British arms over Napoleon." A number of English and foreign artists were employed in the accomplishment of this work.
546. Lines of Torres Vedras, 1810—1811.Obv.Wellington in military dress, seated l. within tent, and studying map. FABIUS CUNCTATOR.PETIT F.Rev.Tagus reclining l.; behind, orange-tree and tents. LINES OF TORRES VEDRAS—THE ENGLISH ARMY ON THE TAGUS. 1810—1811.MUDIE D. DUBOIS F.Copper. Size 1·6. By Petit and Dubois.
After the battle of Busaco, Wellington retired for winter-quarters into the Lines of Torres Vedras, which he entered 8 Oct. 1810; a position which Massena, who commanded the "army of Portugal," found impregnable. Wellington is naturally compared to Fabius Cunctator, whose delays baffled Hannibal.
547. Battle of Salamanca and Entry into Madrid, 1812.Obv.Soldiers advancing r., towards mountains, up which ascend horsemen and military train, against whom Victory l. hurls lightnings. JULY XXII. MDCCCXII. SALAMANCA.MUDIE D.Rev.Wellington on horseback l., receiving garland from Spaniards. THE BRITISH ARMY ENTERS MADRID. AVG. XII. MDCCCXII.BRENET F.Copper. Size 1·6. By Brenet.
After the battle of Salamanca, in which Marmont was defeated by Wellington, the latter, hearing that Joseph Bonaparte was threatening his rear, turned upon him and pursued him to Madrid, which he entered 12 Aug. 1812. The French garrison surrendered, and 180 guns with 20,000 stand of arms were captured.
548. Victories up to Salamanca and Entry into Madrid, 1812.Obv.Head of Wellington l., bare. LIEUT. GEN. MARQUIS WELLINGTON K.B. &c. &c. MDCCCXII.T. WYON F.Rev.Column inscribed with names of victories, and ornamented with shields of England, Portugal, and Spain; around base, French arms and standard. ENTER'D MADRID AUGUST XII.P. W. F.Copper. Size 1·75. By T. and P. Wyon.39
The victories in the Peninsula were Vimiera, 21 Aug. 1808; Talavera, 26—28 July, 1809; Busaco, 27 Sep. 1810; Ciudad Rodrigo captured 19 Jan. 1812; Badajoz captured 7 Apr. 1812; and Salamanca, 22 July, 1812.
549. War with America: Action between "Wasp" and "Frolic," 1812.Obv.Bust of Capt. James Jones r., in naval uniform. JACOBUS JONES VIRTUS IN ARDUA TENDIT.FURST F.Rev.Engagement between the "Wasp" and "Frolic." VICTORIAM HOSTI MAJORI CELERRIME RAPUIT; in ex., INTER WASP NAV. AMERI. ET FROLIC NAV. ANG. DIE XVIII. OCT. MDCCCXII.FURST F.Silver. Size 2·55. By—Furst.
On 18 Oct. 1812, after a short resistance the British ship "Frolic," commanded by Capt. Whingates, surrendered to the American ship "Wasp," under the command of Capt. James Jones, to whom this medal in gold was awarded. Silver medals were presented to the other commissioned officers.
550. George (IV.) Prince of Wales, Regent, 1814. Head of Prince r., laur. GEORGIVS PRINCEPS WALLIÆ PATRIAM PRO PATRE REGENS. MDCCCXIIII; on arm,I. BARBER F.&c. No reverse. Silver-gilt. Size 2·75. Plaque by J. Barber.
On account of the ill-health of George III., the Prince of Wales was appointed Regent by a Bill passed 5 Feb. 1811.
551. Peace of Paris, 1814.Obv.Head of Britannia l., wearing crested helmet ornamented with lion and olive-wreath. BRITANNIA.J. MUDIE DT.Rev.Hercules facing, wearing lion's skin, trampling on French standard and resting on club. THE REPOSE OF HERCULES. MDCCCXIIII.DROZ F. MUDIE D.Silver. Size 1·6. By J. P. Droz.
The defeat and abdication of Napoleon was followed by the Peace of Paris, signed 23 Apr. and confirmed 30 May, 1814, between Louis XVIII. and the Allies, Great Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia.
552. The Waterloo Medal designed by Pistrucci.Obv.Jugate busts l., laur., of the Prince Regent, Francis II., Emperor of Austria, Alexander I., Emperor of Russia, and Frederick William III., King of Prussia; on either side, Justice l., and Hercules r., seated; above, the Sun in quadriga l., preceded by Castor and Pollux, and followed by Iris and Zephyrus; beneath, Night in Biga r.; before her, the Furies; behind her, the Fates,PISTRUCCI.Rev.Wellington and Blucher on horseback l., guided by Victory between them; Wellington gallops in advance, and Blucher rushes to his aid; above, Jupiter in quadriga, facing, hurling thunderbolt at giants arranged in circle,PISTRUCCI. Copper. Size 5·3. By B. Pistrucci.40
This medal was executed in pursuance of an order given by the Prince Regent in 1819, who desired to commemorate the battle of Waterloo by the production of a medal of surpassing magnitude and beauty. It was intended for presentation to each of the allied sovereigns as well as to the two commanders, Wellington and Blucher; but this object failed, as Pistrucci, who was directed to execute the work, did not accomplish the task till 1st January, 1849, and Wellington then alone survived. This medal has not been issued, as the dies have never been hardened; but it has been reproduced by the electro process, of which the above is an example.
553. Duke of Wellington, 1810.Obv.Head r., bare. LIEUT. GEN. LORD VISCOUNT WELLINGTON K.B. MDCCCX.T. WYON JUR.F.Rev.Victory r., on mountain, holding wreath and palm; at her side, shield, arms of St. George and Portugal impaled; at her feet, broken French standard.T. WYON JUṚFECIT.Copper. Size 1·95. By T. Wyon, jun.
Arthur, Duke of Wellington, general and statesman, b. 1769, raised to the peerage as Viscount 1809, created Marquis 1812, Duke 1814, d. 14 Sep. 1852. This medal was struck about the time of the battle of Busaco and of Wellington's famous defence in the lines of Torres Vedras, 1810—11.
554. Sir John Moore, 1809.Obv.Head l., bare. LIEUT. GENERAL SIR J. MOORE K.B.MILLS F.Rev.Soldiers defending wounded comrade against attack of eagle with thunderbolt; in background, prow of ship. DEATH OF SIR JOHN MOORE; in ex., CORUNNA. 16 JANUARY 1809.MUDIE D. COURIGUER SC.Copper. Size 1·6. By Mills and Couriguer.
Sir John Moore, general, b. 1761, served in the West Indies 1795, in Egypt at the battle of Alexandria 21 Mar. 1801, and afterwards in the Peninsular War 1808—9; killed at the battle of Corunna, 16 Jan. 1809.
555. Lord Hill, 1812.Obv.Head l., bare. LIEUT. GENERAL LORD HILL,MILLS F. H.Rev.The river Tagus, over which broken bridge; above, Victory flying r., conducting Britannia. ALMARAZ. MAY XIX. MDCCCXII.MUDIE D. GAYRARD F.Copper. Size 1·6. By Mills and Gayrard.
Rowland, Viscount Hill, general, b. 1772, served in the Egyptian Campaign 1801, in the Peninsular War 1809—1814, raised to the peerage 1814, commanded at Waterloo 1815, appointed Commander-in-chief 1828—42; d. 1842. This medal records the destruction by Hill, 19 May, 1812, of the French fortifications which covered the bridge of boats over the Tagus at Almaraz, the only means of communication between the armies of Soult and Marmont.
556. Sir Thomas Picton, 1812.Obv.Bust, three-quarters l., in uniform, wearing star of the Bath. LIEUT. GEN. SIR T. PICTON K.B.Webb.Rev.General Picton l., planting English flag on battlement. BADAJOZ. APRḶVI. MDCCCXII.MUDIE D. MILLS F.Copper. Size 1·6. By Webb and Mills.
Sir Thomas Picton, general, b. 1758, commanded in the West Indies 1794—1797, where he was appointed Gov. of Trinidad; commanded in Holland 1809, and in the Peninsular War, being present at the battles of Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Vittoria, &c.; killed at Waterloo 1815. This medal commemorates the capture of Badajoz, Picton and his division leading the assault on the citadel.
557. Lord Lynedoch, 1813.Obv.Head r., bare. LIEUT. GENERAL LORD LYNEDOCH.MODELED BY P. ROUW. MUDIE DIR. WEBB F.Rev.Greek warrior facing, head r., standing on battlements, holding sword and crown; in background, city in flames; before which, ships. S. SEBASTIAN. AUG. XXXI. MDCCCXIII.MUDIE D. MILLS F.Copper. Size 1·6. By P. Rouw, Webb, and Mills.
Thomas Graham, Lord Lynedoch, general, b. 1750, served in the Peninsular War 1809—1814, raised to the peerage 1814, d. 1843. This medal refers to the capture of the town and citadel of St. Sebastian, 21 Aug. 1813.
558. Lord Thurlow, d. 1806. Bust l., in hat and official robes. Copper. Size 3·1. Cast and chased. A Plaque.
Edward, Lord Thurlow, b. 1732, appointed Solicitor-General 1770, Attorney-General 1771, Lord Chancellor 1778; d. 1806.
559. William Pitt.Obv.Head l. RT. HONBLE.WILLIAM PITT. 1814.T. WYON JUN. S.Rev.Inscription giving date of birth and death and recording public services. Copper. Size 2·1. By T. Wyon, jun.
William Pitt, statesman, b. 28 May, 1759, appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer 1782, Prime Minister 1784—1801, and again in 1804—1806; d. 23 Jan. 1806.
560. Charles James Fox, 1806.Obv.Bust l., draped. CHARLES JAṢFOX. THIS ILLUSTRIOUS PATRIOT DEPARTED THIS LIFE SEPTEMBER 13. A.D. 1806. ÆTṬ57.P. W. F.Rev.INTREPID CHAMPION OF FREEDOM, &c. Silver. Size 2·05. By P. Wyon.
Charles James Fox, statesman, b. 1748, appointed Secretary of State 1782, Foreign Secretary 1783, and again 1806; d. 13 Sep. 1806.
561. Henry Addington, Viscount Sidmouth, 1803.Obv.Bust r., in court dress. HENRY ADDINGTON. CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER & FIRST LORD OF THE TREASURY.I. G. HANCOCK.Rev.Female figure holding scroll, inscribed, STATE OF THE NATION, and kneeling l. before pedestal, surmounted by figures of Britannia, Justice, and Time; in the distance, Westminster Abbey. WHO CAN WITHHOLD APPLAUSE; in ex., MDCCCIII.K.&K.Copper. Size 1·9. By J. G. Hancock.
Henry Addington, Viscount Sidmouth, statesman, b. 1757, appointed Speaker of the House of Commons 1789, Prime Minister 1801—1804, President of the Council 1805, Home Secretary 1812—1822; d. 1844. This medal refers to the peaceable state of England as well as of Europe in 1803, brought about by the Peace of Amiens, 27 March, 1802.
562. Earl of Liverpool (Lord Hawkesbury), 1803.Obv.Bust l. ROBERT BANKS LORD HAWKESBURY. SECRETARY OF STATE.HANCOCK.Rev.Female figure seated l., despatching Mercury, who holds scroll; at her side, shield; sea and ship in the distance. INTEGRITY AIDS DISPATCH; in ex., MDCCCIII.K.&K.Copper. Size 1·9. By J. G. Hancock.
Robert Banks Jenkinson, Earl of Liverpool, b. 1770, became Lord Hawkesbury 1796, appointed ForeignSecretary in the Addington Ministry 1801, Home Secretary 1804 and again in 1807, Earl of Liverpool 1808, Prime Minister 1812—1827; d. 1828. Like the previous medal, this one refers to the Addington administration.
563. William Wilberforce, 1807.Obv.Head r. WILLIAM WILBERFORCE M.P. THE FRIEND OF AFRICA.Webb.Rev.Britannia seated l., accompanied by Minerva and Justice, delivering message to Peace; above, angel in clouds with cross and wreath. I HAVE HEARD THEIR CRY; in ex., SLAVE TRADE ABOLISHED. MDCCCVII. Silver. Size 2·1. By Webb.
William Wilberforce, philanthropist, b. 1759, M.P. for Hull 1780 and York county 1783, procured a bill for the abolition of the trade in slaves by British subjects 25 March, 1807, and survived the second reading of the Emancipation Act 1833; d. same year. This medal commemorates the Act of 1807.
564. Lord Brougham and Vaux, 1812.Obv.Head r. HENRY BROUGHAM ESQRE, M.P. MDCCCXII.HALLIDAY F.Rev.Panegyrical inscription. Copper. Size 1·9. By Halliday.
Henry Lord Brougham and Vaux, statesman and orator, b. 1779; M.P. for Camelford 1810, for Winchelsea 1816; appointed Attorney-General to Queen Caroline, 1820; M.P. for York county, 1830; Lord Chancellor, 1830—1834; d. 1868.
565. Adam Smith, 1787.Obv.Head r. ADAM SMITH. 1787.Rev.Minerva l., holding cornucopiae and spear. Silver. Size 1·6. Cast and chased.
Adam Smith, political economist, b. 1723, d. 1787, author of "Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations," "Theory of Moral Sentiments," &c.
566. George Washington, First President of the United States, 1805.Obv.Bust r., in armour and ermine cloak. GENERAL WASHINGTON. INSCRIBED TO HIS MEMORY BY D. ECCLESTON. LANCASTER. MDCCCV; on arm,WEBB.Rev.American Indian l., with bow and spear. THE LAND WAS OURS; around, panegyrical inscription in three circles. Copper. Size 3. By Webb.
George Washington, Founder and First President of the United States, b. 1732, Commander-in-chief of the Continental army 1775, President 1789, re-elected 1793, d. 1799.
567. Benjamin Franklin, 1786.Obv.Bust l. BENJ. FRANKLIN NATUS BOSTON XVII. JAN. MDCCVI: on arm,DUPRÉ F.Rev.Within oak-wreath, ERIPUIT CŒLO FULMEN SCEPTRUM QUE TYRANNIS.SCULPSIT ET DICAVIT AUG. DUPRE ANNO MDCCLXXXVI.Copper. Size 1·8. By A. Dupré.
Benjamin Franklin, American statesman, philosopher, &c., b. 1706, was at first a compositor and printer, appointed postmaster of Philadelphia 1737, agent for England 1757 and again in 1764, signed at Paris the treaty between England and America 1783, President of the Supreme Council 1785, d. 1790.
568. Battle of Culloden, 1746.Obv.Head of Duke of Cumberland r. CUMBERLAND.YEO F.Rev.Apollo l., leaning on bow and pointing at dragon pierced by arrow. ACTUM EST ILICET PERIIT. (cf. Ter. Eun.I.i. 9); in ex., PRŒL. COLOD. AP. XVI. MDCCXLVI: ornamental border. Gold. Oval. Size 1·85: loop for suspension. By R. Yeo.
Struck to commemorate the defeat of Prince Charles Edward at Culloden, 16 Ap. 1746, by William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland.
569. Naval Victory of 1st June, 1794.Obv.Britannia with spear standing on prow l., crowned by Victory; at her side, shield.Rev.Wreath of laurel and oak branches. Silver. Size 2.
Copy in silver of the gold medal presented by the Lords of the Admiralty to Lord Howe and the other admirals who commanded in the action with the French, 1st June, 1794, off Brest. On the reverse was inscribed the recipient's name. Smaller medals, also in gold, were presented to the Captains. (See next medal.)
570. Another. Similar, but reverse plain. Silver. Size 1·25.
571. Campaign in Egypt: Battle of Alexandria, 1801.Obv.Sphinx l., displaying Union Jack above French tricolour on the same staff. EGYPT;engraved; in ex., XXI. MARCH, MDCCCI.I. G. H.K.&K.Rev.Within wreath of palm, QUEEN'S GERMAN REGIMENT; on edge, FRENCH DEFEATED;engraved. Silver. Size 1·85. By J. G. Hancock.
This is a regimental medal and was struck by order of the officers of the 97th or Queen's German Regiment, for presentation to the men of the regiment who were engaged in the battle of Alexandria, 21 Mar. 1801.
572. Another. Turkish Award, 1801.Obv.Crescent and star; ornamental border.Rev.Cypher of Sultán Selim III.; ornamental border, in which 1801. Gold. Size 1·6. Loop for suspension. Ribbon, dark orange.
After the defeat of the French in Egypt 1801, the Sultán instituted an order of Knighthood designated the Crescent, which he conferred on the general officers of the English forces. At the same time he presented gold medals of three sizes: the largest (size 2.) to the Generals and Admirals; the middle size (as above) to Field Officers and Captains R.N.; and the smallest (see next medal) to Captains and Subalterns and Lieutenants R.N.
573. Another. Same, but smaller. Gold. Size 1·4. This is a medal of the smallest size.
574. Campaign in Southern Italy and Sicily: Battle of Maida, 1806.Obv.Head of George III. l., laur. GEORGIVS TERTIVS REX; on neck,G. F. P.Rev.Britannia l., as Pallas, brandishing spear; on l. arm, shield; above, Victory r. with wreath; behind, triquetra, symbol of Sicily. MAIDA.IVL. IV. MDCCCVI.PIDGEON F.Gold. Size 1·4. By G. F. Pidgeon. The whole within gold band. Ribbon, red with blue edges.
This medal commemorates the battle of Maida, 4 July, 1806, in which the French under Regnier were defeated by the English under Sir John Stuart. It was only given to the Commander-in-chief of the forces engaged; to officers in command of brigades, of battalions or of corps equivalent to a battalion, or to the officers who succeeded when the original commander was disabled; and to the Deputy Quartermaster-General.
575. Peninsular War: Battles of the Pyrenees, 1813—1814.Obv.Hibernia seated l., holding wreath; at her side, harp.Rev.Within laurel-wreath, ORTHES. TOULOUSE. PYRENEES. NIVELLE. NIVE;engraved: above, 88; wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·2. Clasp: PENINSULA. Ribbon, red with blue edges.
There were medals of three distinct classes for the Peninsular War struck at the expense of the officers of the 88th Regiment, Connaught Rangers. That of the firstclass was in the form of a Maltese cross, and was bestowed upon those of the regiment who had been engaged in twelve actions. The second class medal, of the type above described, was given to those who had served in from seven to eleven actions; and the third class, of the same type as the second, to such as had served in any number less than seven. The above is an example of the third class.
576. Waterloo Medal, 1815.Obv.Head of Prince Regent l., laur. GEORGE P. REGENT.T. WYON JUN. S.Rev.Victory, holding palm and olive-branch, seated l., on pedestal inscribed, WATERLOO; beneath, JUNE 18. 1815; above, WELLINGTON.T. WYON S.Wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·4. By T. Wyon and T. Wyon Junior. Ribbon, crimson edged with blue.
By order of the Prince Regent, 10 Mar. 1816, this medal was conferred upon every officer and soldier present at the battle of Waterloo. The reverse type is adapted from an ancient coin of Elis. (Guide to Greek Coins, p. 28, No.31.)
577. Service in India, 1799—1826.Obv.Head of Queen l., wearing coronet. VICTORIA REGINA; on neck,W. WYON R.A.Rev.Victory seated l., holding olive-branch and wreath; at her side, lotus; in the distance, trophy of arms at base of palm-tree. TO THE ARMY OF INDIA; in ex., 1799—1826.W. W.Wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Clasp: BHURTPOOR. Ribbon, pale blue.
On 21 March, 1851, a general order was issued announcing that the Queen had signified her assent to a measure proposed by the East India Company, of granting a medal to the surviving officers and soldiers of the Crown who had served in India between 1799—1826. This medal carries 21 clasps, and with it were worn those of Mysore and Seringapatam (Nos.609—611), previously given by the East India Company.
578. Campaign in Syria, 1840: Turkish Award.Obv.Fortress of Acre, from which floats Turkish ensign; above, six stars; beneath, Arabic inscription, "The country of Syria and the fortress of Acre, 1256."Rev.Cypher of Sultán Abd-el-Mejeed surrounded by laurel-wreath. Silver. Size 1·15. Ribbon, red edged with white.
This medal was bestowed by the Sultán upon the English naval forces engaged in the war in Syria, 1840:in gold, to officers ranking with field-officers; in silver, to quarter-deck and warrant officers; and in copper, to petty officers, seamen, marines, and boys.
579. Afghan War, 1839—42. Ghuznee, 1839.Obv.View of fortress; beneath, GHUZNEE.Rev.Within laurel-wreath, mural crown; above, 23ḌJULY; below, 1839; wearer's name in field and regiment on border. Silver. Size 1·45. Ribbon, crimson and green.
This medal was presented by the Shah Shuja'a el-Mulk, Sovereign of Afghanistan, to the officers and soldiers present at the storming of Ghuznee, 22—23 July, 1839, Sir John Keane commanding. The Queen sanctioned the wearing of this medal, 22 Mar. 1841.
580—581. Another. Khelat-i-Ghilzee, 1841—2.Obv.Within laurel-wreath, shield inscribed, KELAT I GHILZIE; above, mural crown.Rev.Trophy of arms on tablet inscribed, INVICTA. MDCCCXLII. Silver and copper. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Ribbon, military ribbon of India, rainbow-pattern.
Presented by the Governor-General of India, Lord Ellenborough, to the defenders of the fortress of Khelát-i-Ghilzee, who 21 May, 1842, repulsed the attack of 4000 Ghazees. The defenders were natives, with the exception of Captain J. H. Craigie commanding and a few English artillerymen in the service of the Shah, so that no Queen's regiment received this medal. This is a proof.
582. Another: Candahar, Ghuznee, and Cabul, 1842.Obv.Head of Queen l., wearing coronet. VICTORIA VINDEX.W. WYON R.A.Rev.Within laurel-wreath, CANDAHAR GHUZNEE CABUL. 1842; above, crown; wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Ribbon, rainbow-pattern.
This medal was given to the soldiers who served under General Nott during the whole of the campaign, and accompanied him from Candahar to Cabul, viz. from 1 Jan. to 17 Sept. 1842.
583. Another: Ghuznee and Cabul, 1842.Obv.Same.Rev.GHUZNEE CABUL, each within laurel-wreath; above, crown; below, 1842; wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Ribbon, rainbow-pattern.
The soldiers who accompanied General Nott from Ghuznee to Cabul, viz. from 6 to 17 Sep., received this medal.
584. Another. Cabul, 1842.Obv.Same.Rev.Within laurel-wreath, CABUL. 1842; above, crown. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Ribbon, rainbow-pattern.
Those who reached Cabul subsequent to 16 Sept. 1842 were awarded the above medal. This is a proof.
585—586. First Chinese War, 1840—2.Obv.Head of Queen l., wearing coronet. VICTORIA REGINA.W. WYON. R.A.Rev.Palm-tree, against which are placed shield, arms of Great Britain, cannon, anchor, flags, &c. ARMIS EXPOSCERE PACEM. CHINA. 1842; wearer's name on edge. Silver and copper (proof). Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Ribbon, crimson with yellow edges.
This medal was awarded to the army and navy which served in the First Chinese War, Sir Hugh Gough and Adm. Sir William Parker commanding.
587. Another: Design for Medal.Obv.Same.Rev.British lion r., crowned, trampling on Chinese dragon. ARMIS EXPOSCERE PACEM. NANKING. 1842. Copper. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. A pattern.
This was Wyon's first design for the Chinese medal, but it was not adopted, as it was thought that the reverse type might be displeasing to the Chinese.
588. Sinde Campaign, 1843: Meeanee and Hyderabad.Obv.Same.Rev.Within laurel-wreath, MEEANEE HYDERABAD. 1843; above, crown; wearer's name on edge. Silver, Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Ribbon, rainbow-pattern.
Given to those who served at Meeanee, 17 Feb., and Hyderabad, 22 Mar. 1843. The expedition was commanded by Sir Charles Napier, and both victories were mainly due to the bravery of the men of the 22nd Regiment, who were authorized to place MEEANEE, HYDERABAD, and SCINDE on their colours.
589. Another. Hyderabad, 1842.Obv.Same.Rev.Similar; but HYDERABAD. 1843; wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·4, By W. Wyon. Ribbon, rainbow-pattern.
This medal was awarded to those who were engaged in the battle of Hyderabad; a similar medal being struck for those who served at Meeanee only. It was also given to officers and men of the Indian Navy.
590. First Sikh War, 1845—6: Moodkee, Ferozeshuhur, Aliwal, and Sobraon.Obv.Same.Rev.Victory l., holdingwreath and palm; at her feet, arms. ARMY OF THE SUTLEJ; in ex., MOODKEE. 1845.W. WYON. R.A.Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Clasps: FEROZESHUHUR, ALIWAL, and SOBRAON. Ribbon, blue edged with crimson.
The great battles of this campaign, Sir Hugh Gough and Sir Henry Hardinge commanding, were Moodkee, 18 Dec. 1845; Ferozeshuhur, 21 Dec. 1845; Aliwal, 28 Jun. 1846; and Sobraon, 10 Feb. 1846. If a soldier was present at only one of the four actions, the decoration was awarded to him without a clasp, the name of such action being inscribed in the exergue on the reverse; but if the recipient served in more battles than one, then for each engagement he received an additional clasp. (See next medal.) This is a proof.
591. Another: Aliwal and Sobraon, 1846. Same: but on reverse ALIWAL. 1846; wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Clasp: SOBRAON. Ribbon, as previous.
This medal shows that the recipient was present at two engagements, Aliwal and Sobraon.
592. Military Services, 1793—1814: Peninsular War.Obv.Same: but beneath head, 1848.Rev.Queen on pedestal r., placing wreath on head of Duke of Wellington, who kneels before her; at her feet, recumbent lion. TO THE BRITISH ARMY 1793—1814.W. W.Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Clasps: ROLEIA, VIMIERA, CORUNNA, TALAVERA, BUSACO, FUENTES D'ONOR, CIUDAD RODRIGO, BADAJOZ, SALAMANCA, VITTORIA, PYRENEES, NIVELLE, NIVE, ORTHES, and TOULOUSE. Ribbon, crimson edged with blue.
Great disappointment having been expressed that no medal had been awarded either to the army or navy for the numerous victories achieved between 1793—1814, the Queen, 1st June, 1847, ordered that a medal should be struck and bestowed upon any surviving officer or private present at any battle or siege between those dates. For this purpose, the above medal was struck. It carries 28 clasps, and the earliest military service thus decorated is the campaign in Egypt 1801, which was, however, not included in the general order, but was afterwards granted under an order 12 Feb. 1850. A similar order was issued regarding naval services, commencing with the capture of the French frigate "Cleopatra," 18 June, 1793, and for which a separate medal was struck, having on the reverse,Britannia seated on sea-horse, holding trident and olive-branch. The medal above described is a proof, and has only the clasps given for the principal engagements in the Peninsular War.
593. Indian General Service, 1848. "For Meritorious Service."Obv.Same: but no date.Rev.Shields, arms, and flags of East India Company; above, crest; beneath, motto on scroll, AUSPICIO REGIS ET SENATUS ANGLIÆ; around, FOR MERITORIOUS SERVICE. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Ribbon, dark crimson.
This medal was given by the East India Co. for "meritorious service" in India before 1848. This is a proof.
594. Second Sikh War, 1848—1849: Punjab Medal.Obv.Same.Rev.Surrender of the Sikh army: Lord Gough on horseback l., before the British army drawn up in line; before him, the enemy laying down their arms. TO THE ARMY OF THE PUNJAB. MDCCCXLIX; wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Clasps: CHILIANWALA and GOOJERAT. Ribbon, blue with narrow stripes of yellow.
This medal carries three clasps: Mooltan, 7 Sept. 1848—2 Jan. 1849; Chilianwala, 13 Jan. 1849; and Goojerat, 21 Feb. 1849: Lord Gough Comm.-in-chief.
595. Second Burmese War, 1852: Pegu.Obv.Same.Rev.Victory r., crowning warrior seated on arms, holding sword and sheath; beneath, lotus; wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. and L. C. Wyon. Clasp, PEGU. Ribbon, alternate stripes of scarlet and blue.
Only one clasp was given for this war, which was for the defence of Pegu, Major Hill commanding.
596. Campaigns in South Africa, 1834—1853.Obv.Same.Rev.Lion crouching l. under bush. SOUTH AFRICA; in ex., 1853.L. C. WYON.Wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. and L. C. Wyon. Ribbon, orange with dark blue stripes.
On 22 Nov. 1854 the Queen ordered that a medal should be struck and awarded to the surviving officers and privates of the regular forces who served in South Africa in the years 1834—5, Sir Benjamin D'Urban Comm.-in-chief; in 1846—7, Colonel Robert Richardson and Colonel H. Somerset commanding; and in 1850—1853, Sir Harry Smith and aft. Sir G. Cathcart commanding. This medal has no clasp.
597. War with Russia, 1854—1855: Crimea.Obv.Same: beneath head, 1854.Rev.Ancient warrior facing, holding sword and shield, and crowned by Victory. CRIMEA.B. WYON SC.Silver. Size 1·4. By W. & B. Wyon. Clasps formed of oak-leaves with acorns: ALMA, BALAKLAVA, INKERMANN, AZOFF, and SEBASTOPOL. Ribbon, pale blue edged with yellow.
In Dec. 1854 the Queen ordered that a medal should be struck to be awarded, with clasps for ALMA and INKERMANN, to all such as were present in either of those battles; that of BALAKLAVA was added in Feb. 1855; and that of SEBASTOPOL was given to all who served at the siege between Oct. 1854 and Sep. 1855. The clasp for AZOFF is naval, and was given to those who served under Sir Edmund Lyons and took part in the capture of Kertch, Yenikale, &c. This is a proof.
598. Another: Service in the Baltic, 1854—1855.Obv.Same: but no date.Rev.Britannia seated l. on low pedestal, looking back, holding trident; in the distance, sea and forts Sveaborg and Bomarsund. BALTIC; in ex., 1854—1855.L. C. WYON.Silver. Size 1·4. By W. & L. C. Wyon. Ribbon, yellow with blue edges.
Awarded to those who served in the Baltic fleet during 1854—1855. It has no clasp.
599. Another: Anglo-Turkish Award, 1855.Obv.Trophy of arms, with flags of Turkey, England, France, and Sardinia; on gun, map of Crimea. CRIMEA. 1855.Rev.Within laurel-wreath, cypher of Sultán Abd-el-Mejeed; beneath in Turkish, CRIMEA. 1271. Silver. Size 1·4. Ribbon, pink with green edges.
This medal was distributed by the Sultán to all the forces of the Allies, but varied for France and Sardinia, by their flags being placed to r. of that of Turkey instead of the English one.
600. Persian War, 1856—1857. Same as No.595, but on rev.L. C. WYON.Silver. Size 1·4. By W. and L. C. Wyon. Clasp: PERSIA. Ribbon, alternate stripes of scarlet and blue.
For the Persian War 1856—7, Sir J. Outram Comm.-in-chief, the same medal was used as for the Second Burmese War (No.595), but with a different clasp.
601. Indian Mutiny, 1857—1858.Obv.Same as No.585.Rev.Britannia standing l., holding wreath in each hand; on l. arm, shield; at her side, lion. INDIA; in ex., 1857—1858.L. C. WYON.Silver. Size 1·4. By W. and L. C. Wyon. Clasps: DELHI, DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW, RELIEF OF LUCKNOW, LUCKNOW, and CENTRAL INDIA Ribbon, alternate stripes of scarlet and white.
This medal was awarded to all engaged in the operations during the Mutiny in India 1857—8, and was also conferred on non-military persons who had borne arms as volunteers. It carries only the five clasps above given. This specimen is a proof.
602. Arctic Discoveries, 1818—1855.Obv.Head of Queen l., wearing diadem. VICTORIA REGINA.L. C. WYON F.Rev.Ship l., in the ice; icebergs on either side; in foreground, sailors drawing sledge r. FOR ARCTIC DISCOVERIES; in ex., 1818—1855. Silver. Size 1·3. By L. C. Wyon. An octagonal medal surmounted by star with ribbon, white.
This medal was given to all engaged in the Arctic expeditions between 1818—1855. This is a proof.
603. New Zealand, 1846—1866.Obv.Bust of Queen l., crowned and veiled. VICTORIA D. G. BRITT. REG. F. D.J. S.&A. B. WYON SC.Rev.Within laurel-wreath, 1846 TO 1866; around, NEW ZEALAND. VIRTUTIS HONOR. Silver. Size 1·4. By J. S. and A. B. Wyon. Ribbon, blue with red stripe in centre.
Given to those who had served in the wars in New Zealand between 1846—1866. It was awarded to both services.
604. Second Chinese War, 1855—1860. Same as No.585, but no date on reverse. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Clasps: CHINA 1842, FATSHAN 1857, CANTON 1857, TAKU FORTS 1858, TAKU FORTS 1860 and PEKIN 1860. Ribbon, crimson with yellow edges.
This medal is the same, with the exception of the omission of the date, as the one given for the First Chinese War (No.585). It was given for services in the campaign of 1856—8, Major-Gen. Van Straubenzee and Adm. Sir M. Seymour commanding; and of 1860, Sir James Hope-Grant commanding. The clasps for FATSHAN 1857 and TAKU FORTS 1858 were awarded to the navy and marines, and that of CHINA 1842 to recipients of the first medal who were engaged in the Second Chinese War. This is a proof.
605. Abyssinian War, 1867—1868.Obv.Within ornamented star of nine points, bust of Queen l., veiled and crowned. ABYSSINIA, (letter in each angle formed by points of star).J. S.&A. B.WYON SC.Rev.Laurel-wreath with inner circle. Silver. Size 1·3. By J. S. and A. B. Wyon. Surmounted by crown. Ribbon, crimson with white edges.
Awarded to those who served in the Abyssinian War 1867—8, Sir Robert Napier (Lord Napier of Magdala) commanding. It was given to both services. The reverse of the medal is inscribed BRITISH MUSEUM.
606. Ashantee War, 1873—1874.Obv.Head of Queen l., veiled, wearing coronet. VICTORIA REGINA.L. C. WYON.Rev.Battle scene in bush; in centre, tree, on right of which are negroes fighting or wounded; on left, British soldiers advancing firing, one fallen. Silver. Size 1·4. By L. C. Wyon. Ribbon, alternate stripes of yellow and black.
This medal carries a clasp for COOMASSIE, and was issued to both services. The obverse is the work of Leonard C. Wyon, and the reverse from a design by E. J. Poynter, R.A. It was given for services in the Ashantee War 1873—4, Sir Garnet Wolseley Commander-in-chief. This is a proof.
607. Campaign in West of India, 1784.Obv.Britannia seated r., on arms, holding wreath and spear; fortress in the distance; at her side, shield.Rev.Inscription in Persian: "Presented by the Calcutta Government in memory of good service and intrepid valourA.D.1784. Mahommedan Era 1199;" and "Like this coin, may it endure long in the world, and the exertions of those lion-hearted Englishmen of great name, victorious from Hindostan to the Deccan, become exalted." Silver. Size 1·6.
This medal was awarded to the Company's troops for services performed in the First Mahratta War, and the Second Mysore War with Hyder 'Alee 1778—1784. It was struck in two sizes, the larger having been awarded to officers only.
608. Another. Same: but of smaller size. Silver. Size 1·25.
Awarded to the non-commissioned officers and privates.
609. Mysore: War with Tippoo Sahib, 1791—1792.Obv.Sepoy in uniform, facing, holding in r. hand English flag, and in l. Mysore banner reversed; in the distance, fortress of Seringapatam.Rev.Within laurel-wreath, FOR SERVICES IN MYSORE.A.D. 1791—1792; around, Persian inscription, "A memorial of devoted services to the English Government at the war of Mysore, Christian Era 1791—1792, equivalent to Mahommedan Era 1205—1206." Silver. Size 1·7.
This medal was presented to the successful forces under Lord Cornwallis, who so completely paralysed the power of Tippoo Sahib that he was compelled to submit to the terms of a treaty which deprived him of half of his dominions. This medal was struck in two sizes, the larger having been awarded to officers only. On 21 Mar. 1851 the Queen authorized this medal to be worn by survivors.
610. Another. Same: but of smaller size. Silver. Size 1·45.
Given to the non-commissioned officers and privates.
611. Mysore: Second War with Tippoo Sahib: Taking of Seringapatam, 1799.Obv.Lion r., subduing Tiger; above, banner with Arabic inscription, "The lion of God is the conqueror;" in ex., IV. MAY. MDCCXCIX.C. H. K.Rev.View of the storming of Seringapatam, soldiers mounting the breach; above, mid-day sun; in ex., Persian inscription, "The Fort of Seringapatam the gift of God, 28 Zulkaadeh, 1213 Mahommedan Era" (4 May, 1799). Gold. Size 1·9. Ribbon, deep yellow. By C. H. Küchler.
The second war with Tippoo Sahib, which was terminated by the taking of Seringapatam, lasted only from Feb. to May 1799, Lord Harris and General Baird commanding. The Tiger was the favourite emblem of Tippoo Sahib. This medal was struck in gold, silver-gilt, silver, copper-bronzed, and tin. The gold ones were given to the King, the Governor-General, and various princes, the Commander-in-chief and the general officers on the staff; those in silver-gilt, to the field-officers and the general staff, the members of the Council of the three Presidencies, the Residents at Hyderabad and Poonah; those in silver, to the captains and subalterns; those in copper-bronzed, to the non-commissioned officers; and those in pure grain tin, to the privates. By an order of the Prince Regent, 29 Aug. 1815, officers were authorized to wear these medals in any part of his Majesty's dominions. This order was confirmed 21 Mar. 1851, when the Army of India medal (No.577) was issued.
612. Egyptian Campaign, 1801.Obv.Sepoy facing, holding English flag in r. hand; in the distance, battle and tents; in ex.,Persian inscription, "This medal has been granted as a memorial of the defeat of the French army in Egypt by the victorious and brave English army."Rev.Ship towards r. on sea; in the distance, sea-shore with pyramids and obelisk. MDCCCI. Silver. Size 1·9.
Given by the East India Company to the seven thousand English and Native troops commanded by Major-General Baird, who landed at Kosseyr, marched across the Desert, and from Kinè descended the Nile to Rosetta, 1800—1801.
613. Capture of Rodriguez, Bourbon, and Mauritius, 1809—1810.Obv.Sepoy holding English flag and musket, trampling on French standard; behind, cannon; and in the distance, sea with ships, &c.Rev.RODRIGUES VI. JULY. MDCCCIX. BOURBON VIII. JULY. & ISLE OF FRANCE III. DEC. MDCCCX; in field within laurel-wreath, Persian inscription, "This medal has been granted as a memorial of the bravery and devotion shown by the Sepoys of the Honourable East India Company, in the conquest of the Islands of Rodrigues, Bourbon and Mauritius, in the Mahommedan Era 1226." Silver. Size 1·9.
This medal was awarded to the Sepoy regiments who took part in the above expeditions.
614. Conquest of Java, 1811: Capture of Port Cornelis.Obv.Sepoy regiment carrying Fort Cornelis by storm: on the fort is the British flag over the Dutch; above, CORNELIS.Rev.JAVA CONQUERED. XXVI. AUGUST. MDCCCXI; in field, Persian inscription, "This medal is presented in commemoration of the valour and courage displayed by the Sepoys of the Honourable East India Company in the conquest of Java, 1228 Mahommedan Era." Silver. Size 1·9.
Presented by the East India Company to the native troops under Sir Samuel Achmuty for their assistance in capturing the Island of Java, 1811, from the Dutch and French troops. The capture of Fort Cornelis decided the success of the campaign. For this campaign the European regiments afterwards received the medal for Military Services (No.592), with clasp for Java.
615. First Burmese War, 1824—1826. Taking of Ava.Obv.Elephant in attitude of submission l., crouching before lion, behind whom English flag unfurled; behind elephant, flag of Burmah drooping; in ex., Persian inscription, "The Elephant of Ava submits to the Lion of England year 1826."W. DANIELL. R.A. DES.Rev.Troops advancing towards a pagoda within stockade; in foreground, general commanding, steamer, and boats in riverbombarding; in ex., Persian inscription, "The victorious standard of the English army upon Ava."W. WYON.Gold. Size 1·45. By W. Daniell and W. Wyon. Ribbon, crimson with blue edges.
This medal in silver was bestowed upon the native troops which at any period during the war were employed under the command of General Sir Archibald Campbell, including the officers and men of the gunboats serving on the river Irrawaddy. The regiments of the Crown as well as the navy received for this war the Army of India medal (No.577), with clasp for Ava.
616. Afghan War, 1839—1842. Defence of Jelálábád.Obv.Mural crown; above, JELLALABAD.Rev.VII. APRIL 1842. Wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·5. Ribbon, rainbow-pattern.
This medal was struck by order of the Governor-General, Lord Ellenborough, who distributed it to every officer, non-commissioned officer, and private, European and native, of the garrison of Jelálábád, 7 April, 1842, on which day the besieging army of Akbar Khán was defeated by a general sortie, Colonel Dennie and others commanding. Sir Robert Sale commanded the defence. The 13th Light Infantry, the only Queen's regiment engaged in the defence, was authorized to wear this medal 22 Aug. 1842; but it was subsequently replaced by the following one.
617. Second Jelálábád medal.Obv.Head of Queen l., wearing crown. VICTORIA VINDEX.W. WYON.Rev.Victory with wreaths and English flag, flying r. over fortress of Jelálábád. JELLALABAD VII. APRIL; in ex., MDCCCXLII.W. W.Wearer's name on edge. Silver. Size 1·4. By W. Wyon. Ribbon, rainbow-pattern.
It may be inferred from the great scarcity of this medal that but few availed themselves of the offer of exchange.