damana biyu,videḍan arbain, a variety of bean.
damba= ?Andropogon tectorum, Sch. et Th. (Gramineæ); a tall grass of marshes, &c., used as fodder when young, and forzanawhen mature.
damroordauro, a variety of millet (Pennisetum spicatum, B. and S.), similar tomaiwa,q.v.cf.gero.
ḍan arbain, a variety of bean planted near water and supposed to ripen in 40 days. Syn.damana biyu(Sok. and Kano), andkaka biyu(Gobir).
ḍan damana, a variety of date;videunderdabino.
dandami,videunderlallen shamuwa.
dandana,Schwenkia americana, Linn. (Solanaceæ); a herb with narrow tubular flowers; used medicinally. Syn.parpatseorfarfatse(Kano).
ḍan ḍata(ḍan ḍwata),videḍataniya, a bitter grass.Thelepogon elegans, Roth.
ḍan farkami(Sok.),Monechma hispida, Hochst. (Acanthaceæ); a common weed of pastures, with rough leaves and white flowers. Syn. ?fiso(Sok. and Kats.),fisawa(Katagum).
ḍan garraza= flowers of the tamarind tree—(hudartsamiya).
ḍan kaḍafiorhankaḍafi, the name of a crab-louse, hence applied to more than one plant with seeds which adhere to the clothing like burs. (Etym. similar to “Cleavers”).Chiefly =Desmodium lasiocarpum, DC. (Leguminosæ). Syn.maḍaḍafi,q.v.AlsoTriumfetta pentandra, A. Rich. (Tiliaceæ),videsuren fadama.
dankali(Kano, &c.),Ipomœa Batatas, Lam. (Convolvulaceæ). Sweet Potato. Red and white varieties are known. Syn.dukumaandkudaku(Sok. and Zanfara), generally = the red one;lawur= the white one.kugundugu, a name used on the Benue, Yola, &c. = Yor.kukun duku.
dankon kuyangi, dried leaves of the convolvulusIpomœa pilosa, Sweet, and other species;videyakoandbarmatabo; used medicinally.
danko maiwari,Ficus sp.a tree in the south, yielding an inferior rubber.
ḍan kwataho, a variety of kola nut;videundergoro.
ḍan kwoloje, a variety of bean;videunderwake.
ḍan marike(Katagum, &c.),Indigofera secundiflora, Poir. (Leguminosæ).videundermarike.
ḍan Tunugaorkajiji ḍan Tunuga; the fragrant tuber of a sedge,Cyperus sp.(Tunuga = a town in French Borgu). ProbablyCyperus rotundus,cf.aya ayaandkajiji.
ḍan UdaorBa-Ude, a variety of bean, half white half black; (cf. a variety of sheep of the same name.Udawaa section of Fulani);videunderwake.
danya,Spondias sp.(Anacardiaceæ); a tree with pinnate leaves and yellow plum-like fruit of pleasant flavour. The fruit is callednunu. cf. alsotsadar Masar.
ḍanyen gumi= husked but unboiled rice;videgumiandshinkafa.
danyi(Sok.),videdayi.
ḍan zago, a kind of bean,videunderḅarankachi.
darambuwa= armlets made of plaited grass, hence applied to several species of grass;videkarani,gaji,jema, &c.
dargăza,Grewia mollis, Juss. (Tiliaceæ); a shrub with small yellow flowers; the bark is mucilaginous and used in soup, and occasionally to harden mud floors.
dashi,Balsamodendron africanum, A. Rich. (Burseraceæ). “African Myrrh.” “African Bdellium.” A shrub with the habit of the Blackthorn, yielding a fragrant gum-resin used medicinally and as a scent for clothing.namijin dashi,Balsamodendron pedunculatum, Kotschy. et Peyr. A shrub somewhat similar to the above but less fragrant.
dashishi,videunderalkama.
ḍataorḍwata, a small bitter native tomato;videundergauta.
ḍataniyaorḍwatana,Thelepogon elegans, Roth. (Gramineæ); a bitter grass given to horses as a tonic. Syn.gishirin ḍawakiandḍan ḍata. (Etym. from the bitter taste).
datsi,Aristida Sieberiana, Trin. (Gramineæ); a long-awned grass, common in the north.jan datsividejan bako.
dauḍaorkwardauḍa,Dicoma tomentosa, Cass. (Compositæ); a small thistle-like weed. Syn.farin dayi. (Etym. perhaps from use as a local application to putrescent wounds).
dauḍar Maguzawa, ?Blepharis linearifolia, Pers. (Acanthaceæ); a prickly plant with blue flowers. Syn.faskara toyi, and ?gigi,q.v.
dauḍar ruwa,videlimniya.
daudawa(Sok.),videdaddawaandḍorowa;videalso underkiriya.daudawa beso, seeds ofyakuwa(Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Linn.),q.v.boiled and prepared either for food or as a medicinal vehicle,daudawar kuka, seeds ofkuka(Adansonia digitata), made into cakes, &c.
dauro,videdamro.
dawa,Sorghum vulgare, Pers. (Gramineæ). “Guinea Corn.” “Great Millet.” “Durra.”
The following are some of the numerous varieties:—abantoko(Illo);a chi da gero—grows rapidly and is ripe with thegero;
a chi da kara, matures at the same season as sugar-cane (takanḍa);
a chi da nono(likefarafara), a soft grain only used forkunuand not fortuwo;
akwuya, a yellow grain used for horses;
bakin kada, a variety with a long head;
bakin raḳumi(from the slender quivering habit), the same asḳerama;
bugundareorBa-Gwandare, a variety with a compact head; (cf.a variety of cotton; videabduga);
farafara, a white variety;
giwa kamba, a white variety larger thanfarafara, late maturing;
hannun giwa, white with a large head of grain;
janjari(Sok. =jigari, Ful.) orjanari, a red inferior grain which makes redkunuandtuwo;
jar dawa, a red grain used for horses;
kaura, considered the best for horses, common in Zanfara; in two varieties, viz.:—kaura mai farin kwono(ormai farin soshia), andkaura mai baḳin kwono;
ḳerama, a red grain with loose nodding panicle (=bakin raḳumi);
maikeri, early maturing and considered one of the best;
makafo da wayo, a soft sweet variety, a luxury (dawar sarakuna);
malle(Sokoto West), planted in wet places;
mallen Kabi, the same asḳerama;
mallen mamaormallen Zanfara, a larger nodding variety like the last;
marmare, a soft sweet variety, nearly the same asmakafo da wayo; eaten whole;
masakowaormazakwa(Ful.maskwari), a dry-season corn, grown in alluvial soil left as the rivers fall; (chiefly in Adamawa and Bornu); sometimes eaten whole after cooking;
wayo, a red or yellow variety;
zago, the same askaura.
Burtuntuna=Ustilago sp.a guinea corn smut, forming a black powder in the ear; also calledḳatsa ḳatsa, andbunsuru.
gyamro= secondary shoots of guinea corn from the roots left at harvest; said to be injurious to animals.
domana, a gummy blight; (?Aphis Sorghi).
karan dafi, the red leaf sheaths of certain forms ofdawa, used as a red dye.
kusumburuwa, corn growing up anywhere from stray seeds; sometimes popularly believed to grow from an unhusked grain and not always maturing. The stems are used for flutes (sarewa).
sambara,dawaorgerohalf-grown at harvest and left to mature later.cf.alsokarmamiandyabainya.
dawa dawaordadawa, a grass;videgyazama.
dawar kada(d. rafi,d. dorina, &c.),Sorghum halepense, Pers. a very tall riverside grass with pith in the stems; the probable ancestor of cultivateddawa; one of several called “Elephant Grass.”
dawo(?Hausa; Yorubaai-da),Tetrapleura Thonningii, Benth. (Leguminosæ); a large tree with thick 4-angled pods sold as a market drug in the south; cf.kalangon dajiandsandan mayu.
dayi,Centaurea Calcitrapa, Linn. (Compositæ). “Star-thistle.” A thistle with long straight spines, common in fields, &c.; eaten by camels; one of the plants sometimes called “caltrop;”cf.Tsaido. Syn.ḍanyi(Sok.), andsurendi(Kats.).namijin dayi,Lactuca sp.a species of wild lettuce; probably including several field plants of the Nat. Ord. (Compositæ).
dayin giwa,videundersare gwiwa.
ḍeiḍoya(ḍoiḍoyaorḍoḍoya),Ocimum americanum, Linn. (Labiatæ); a fragrant herb allied to basil. (The name includes other introduced species planted near houses:—Ocimum viride, Willd. Fever plant of S. Leone and Liberia.Oc. basilicum, Linn. Sweet Basil.Æolanthus Buettneri, Gürke, &c.)
ḍeiḍoyar kareorḍ. fadama,Hyptis Spicigera, Lam. (Labiatæ). A weed of waste places. Syn.riḍin kada.ḍ. gona,Leucas martinicensis, R. Br. (Labiatæ). An odorous weed with whorls of small white flowers. Syn.sarakuwar sauro(Kats.).
dinkin, the young leaves of certain plants used fresh with ground-nuts, salt, pepper, &c. made up as food; chieflyd. ḍinya(v.ḍinya); also ofzuwo,q.v.and sometimes used oframaand other plants with edible leaves.
ḍinya(Kano),ḍumya(Sok.),Vitex Cienkowskii, Kotschy et Peyr. (Verbenaceæ); a common tree with digitate leaves, fragrant flowers, and a black plum-like fruit used in makingmaḍi;videunderdinkin;ḅurzuorḳurzun ḍinya=ḳwalon ḍinya, the stone of the fruit.
ḍinyar biri,Vitex diversifolia, Bak., a shrub or small tree with fragrant leaves, and flowers similar to those ofḍinya.
dirin da rani(Kano), a variety oframa,q.v.
ḍiwa,Rhytachne congoensis, Hack., a tall grass; used for making screens,zana, &c.
ḍiyan hanwawa(Sok.),Ctenolepis cerasiformisHook. f. (Cucurbitaceæ). A twiner with scarlet berries; (hanwawaorhawainya= chamæleon); syn.namijin garafuni.
ḍoḍoriya,Vitis quadrangularis, Linn. (Ampelideæ),videḍaḍori.
ḍoiḍoyaorḍoḍoya,videḍeiḍoya.
doka,Isoberlinia doka, Craib. et Stapf (Leguminosæ); a large tree with white flowers, shining leaves and large flat pods; very abundant in central Hausaland.fara doka,Isoberlinia Dalzielii, Craib. et Stapf, a large tree closely allied to the last, with paler leaves and bark.
domana, a gummy blight on Guinea Corn and other cereals; (?Aphis Sorghi).
domashi,Vernonia Kotschyana, Schultz. (Compositæ); an under-shrub with bitter root, used as a tonic-medicine, &c.domashin maza? (Katagum),videundermatsarmama.
ḍorowaorḍorawa,Parkia filicoidea, Welw. (Leguminosæ). “African Locust Bean Tree;” a large acacia-like tree with pendulous balls of deep-red flowers and bunches of pods; the seeds and the mealy yellow pulpof the pods are used as food.kaluwa= seeds ofḍorowa, which are made into black fermented cakes calleddaudawa(Sok.) ordaddawa(Kano), and alsotakaluwa;makuba= fermented extract of husks ofḍorowapods, used for hardening beaten floors, sides of indigo pits, &c.saḅadaorsafada(Kano) = young fruiting heads ofḍorowa(etym. from resemblance in shape and surface to a plaited garment of that name).tutu(orturu-turu) = the red pendulous flower-balls (sucked by boys);gundar tutu= the unexpanded flower-buds;garda= the unripe pods when bright brown in colour and beginning to form seeds (the name of a brown-winged dove). The successive stages from bud to pod are:—kashin awaki,kashin raḳuma,tutu,safada,garda.harawan ḍorawa= the membranous lining of the pods used as a fibre for tying arrows, &c.
doya,Dioscorea sativa, Linn.D. prehensilis, Benth.D. abyssinica, Hochst.D. alata, L. (Dioscorideæ). Cultivated yams.videalsosakata, andḳarasa(doyar kudu).
doyar bisa, the edible solid bulbs in the leaf-axils of certain species ofDioscorea. Syn.tuwon biri.
doyar daji, wild species ofDioscorea.
doyar kurege,Curculigo gallabatensis, Schweinf. (Amaryllideæ); a yellow-flowered herb with a stout vertical rhizome. Syn.muruchin makeruwa,q.v.
doyar giwa, videḳayar giwa.
dufuwa, a dense thorny thicket,cf.gumbiandḳumchi; generally applied to the acacia calledsarḳaḳiya,q.v.
dukkiordunki(Sok. and Kats.),Celtis integrifolia, Lam. (Urticaceæ); “Nettle Tree;” a large tree with serrate leaves somewhat like those of the nettle; the young leaves are used in soup and as fodder. Syn.zuwo(Kano, Zaria, &c.).cf.alsodinkin.
dukuma,videunderdankali.
dulu,Ficus sp.a tree with large figs; common in ravines.
duma,Lagenaria vulgaris, Ser. (Cucurbitaceæ). “Bottle Gourd,” “Club Gourd” or “White Pumpkin;” thecommon white-flowered cultivated gourd with soft foliage and variously shaped fruits known by different names:—buta,gora, andgyandama, common water-bottle gourds;jallo, a small pear-shaped one used to carryruwan alwalla;ḳoḳo,kwokwoorkwachiya, a small-sized calabash used as a cup;kumbu, ditto with cover, used as a small box for snuff, &c.;ḳwariya, common larger calabash;masakiandmabakachi, the largest-sized calabash used at market, and for separating grain from husk, &c., &c.ludaiorluddai(Sok.), bottle gourd with narrow neck, split to form spoons, ladles, &c.kololo, similar toluddai, with hollow neck;gako(Sok.), likeluddaiwith solid neck;moda, larger bottle gourd with curved neck which serves as a handle, the body pierced for use as a dipper or handled pot;shantu, long narrow gourd used as a musical instrument;bututu, the narrow portion ofshantuorluddai, &c. used as a blowing horn;jemo, a short wide-mouthed club-shaped or large pear-shaped gourd, used to hold milk, &c.;zuruandzunguru, club-shaped or cylindrical gourds used in the application oflalleto the hand;kurtu, bottle or club-shaped with narrow neck, the wider portion used for immersing the hand in staining with henna, the narrow half used as a blowing horn;kwoton tadawa, an ovoid tubercled gourd, used for native ink-pots, &c.videalsokulbutuortsana(Sok.), an edible variety resembling a cucumber, andkurzunu, a tubercled variety of the same.
dumar dutsi,videundergaḍaukuka.
dumar kada,d. rafi,Ipomœa repens, Lam. (Convolvulaceæ); a common trailing convolvulus with broad round leaves and purple flowers.
dumar kwaḍi,Ipomœa sp.a var. of convolvulus.
ḍumya(Sok.),videḍinya(Kano).
ḍunḍu,Dichrostachys nutans, Br. (Leguminosæ); a thorny shrub like an acacia, with pendulous lilac-coloured flower-spikes, and clusters of twisted pods; fibre from the root-bark.videundermeḍiandyawa.
dunki,videdukki.
durumi,Ficus Syringifolia, Werb. (Urticaceæ); a very familiar species of fig-tree with small figs and heart-shaped shining leaves, affording splendid shade.
dushe(Kano),dussa(East Hausa),Acacia Seyal, Del. (Leguminosæ); the “Talh” gum-acacia; a thorny tree with yellow flower-balls and an ochrey powder on the bark. Syn.jimshi(Sok.), and ?gishishiya(Zanfara).
duza(Sok. and Zanf.),Setaria aurea, Hochst. (Gramineæ). “Bristly Fox-tail Grass;” a grass of damp places, used for thatch. Syn.ḳyasuwar rafiorḳ. ta fadama.cf.ḳyasuwa.
ḍwataorḍata, a small native bitter tomato;videundergauta.
ḍwatana,videḍataniya.
fafewa(Sok. and Zanf.),Pennisetum unisetum, Benth. (Gramineæ); a tall grass with hollow stems and sharp leaf-edges. (Etym. because it rasps the hand—fafe= to scrape.) Syn.karan kaujeandkorkoro(Kontagora).
falfoli(Sok.),Æschynome sensitiva, Swartz. (Leguminosæ); a tall slender plant of marshes, with spongy pith used for floats (karu), &c. Syn.gombiliki, andbambamko(East Hausa).
fankasoorpunkaso,videunderalkama.
fara doka,Isoberlinia Dalzielii, Craib. et Stapf (Leguminosæ); a large tree;videunderdoka.
farafara, a white var. ofdawa,q.v.
fara geza,Combretum aculeatum, Vent. (Combretaceæ); a shrub with white flowers (somewhat resembling hawthorn), and 4-angled fruit.
fara ḳaya,Acacia Sieberiana, DC. (Leguminosæ); a gum-yielding acacia with long white thorns, dark foliage, and white flower-balls. Syn.bauji(East Hausa).
fara saura,Pulicaria crispa, Clarke (Compositæ); a white-leaved weed with yellow flowers, common in fields. (Etym.sauraorsabra= fallow fields). Syn.bafuri, andbalbela,q.v.
farfatseorparpatse,videdandana.
fari,videunderabduga.
fari, a var. of Water Melon;videunderguna.
farichin shafo, orḳumbar shafo(= “falcon’s claw”); a tall acacia with strong curved thorns, the same as or closely similar toḳarḳara,q.v.Acacia campylacantha, Hochst. or nearly allied species.
farin gammo,Ipomœa argentaurata, Hall. f. (Convolvulaceæ); a trailing convolvulus with whitish flowers and silvery-hairy leaves. Syn.ka fi boka. (Etym.ganmo,gammoorganwo= a head-pad).
farin sansami(Sok. and Kats.),Lonchocarpus laxiflorus, G. et P. (Leguminosæ); a tree with purple flowers. The leaves are capable of affording a dye like indigo.cf.talaki. Syn.shunin biri, andcf.halshen sa.
faru,Odina Barteri, Oliv. (and otherspp. Anacardiaceæ); a large tree with pinnate leaves and small berries; the bark yields a resin. Syn.tuḍi(Zanfara), orfarun biri(Sok.). In Sokotofaruorfarun mutane=Odina sp.different from the above, with paler and smoother foliage.
farun makiyaya, a wild vine;videundertsibiri kinkini.
fasa daga, the seeds of the treekawo,q.v.Afzelia africana, Sm. (Leguminosæ), sold as a medicine or charm in fight, &c. (Etym. from its use as a charm in battle—daga—to put the enemy to flight, suggested by the explosive dehiscence of the pods scattering the seeds). Also calledfasa maza.
fasa ḳabba, orfasa kumburi,Portulaca oleracea, L. and otherspp.(Portulacaceæ). “Purslane.” A weed with succulent leaves, used as a local application to swellings. (Etym. “disperse swellings”). Syn.sarikin jibji, andharshen saniyaordabrin saniya;cf.gadon machijiandviderigya kafi.
fasa ḳwari,Zanthoxylum senegalense, DC. (Rutaceæ); a thorny tree with pinnate leaves, found in ravines in the Benué district; the fragrant bark is sold as a medicine and spice.
faskara giwa,Ormocarpum bibracteatum, Baker (Leguminosæ); a shrub with tough flexible branches, small pinnate leaves and purple flowers. (Etym. from the tough texture of the wood which the elephant cannot break). In Zanfara this is sometimes calledtsaq.v.
faskara toyi,Blepharis linearifolia, Pers. (Acanthaceæ); a prickly herb with blue flowers and spiny leaves used to trace ornamental lines on earthenware. Syn.gigi?dauḍar Maguzawa? (Etym. because it often remains unburnt when the grass is fired).
fatakka,Pergularia tomentosa, L. (Asclepiadeæ); a plant with orbicular hoary leaves and milky juice; used by tanners as a “bating” bath after unhairing and before tanning. Syn.kwotowa(Sok.).
fate fate, a medicine or love potion used by women, made from the leaves ofshiwaka, &c. (Vernonia amygdalina),q.v.Also a food prepared from various plants, e.g. flowers oftsamiya, or leaves oframa,yaḍiyaorzoḅarodo.
feḍḍa, screens made usually of the bulrushshalla,q.v.
fidda hakukuwa,Dyschoriste Perrottetii, O. Kunth. (Acanthaceæ); a water-side plant. (Etym. from the use of the seed to remove spicules of grass, &c. from the eye, the foreign particle adhering to the mucilaginous coat of the seed when placed in the eye).
fidda sartsi, orfidda saruta(Gobir),Euphorbia lateriflora, Sch. et Thon. A shrub with milky juice much used for hedges. (Etym. from its use as a poultice to extract a splinter).
fideli,Cassia Absus, L. (Leguminosæ). “Four-leaved Senna;” an undershrub with viscous foliage used medicinally.
filasko,Cassia obovata, Collad. (Leguminosæ). “Italian,” “Senegal” or “Tripoli Senna;” a low shrub with yellow flowers and flat sickle-shaped transversely ribbed pods; one of the varieties of commercial senna.
filfil, a spice; probably a var. ofCapsicum(Arab.felfel).
fisawaorfiso?videḍan farkami.
fita,Clinogyne filipes, Benth. (=Donax filipes, Schaumann) (Scitamineæ); a water-plant with spear-head-shaped leaves commonly used to wrap up food.
fiyaka,videjibda ḳassaandgaḍaukuka.
fudaorhuda= young flower-buds of any tree;cf.tofoandlabaye.hudar awaki,videgeḍar awaki.
fular tsofo,Polycarpæa linearifolia, DC. (Caryophylleæ); a herb with heads of white chaffy flowers. Syn.magudiya,q.v.cf.bakin suda.
fura, a grass,Pennisetum pedicellatum. Syn.ḳyasuwa,q.v.
fure= a flower; (when unqualified generally = flowers of the tobacco plant).
furen gadu(f. gyado),videawarwaro.
furen yan sariki,Lonchocarpus sp.? a tree with panicles of blue or purple flowers; used as a charm by one who hopes to be king.
furfura ta gyatumi(orjatumi),Ærua tomentosa, Forst. (Amaranthaceæ); a hoary white erect plant;videalhaji. (Etym. “hoary locks”). The name is loosely applied to some other plants of white habit.
gaba chara(Sok. and Zanf.),Acacia Dalzielli, Craib. (Leguminosæ); a tree with panicles of yellow flower-balls. (Etym. the name of the yellow-breasted thrushCossypha albicapilla). Syn.gwanno.
gabara(Sok.),Arundo Donax, L. (Gramineæ). “Spanish Reed;” a very tall grass of river-banks, with hollow stem and large silky flowering head; stems used for flutes and pipe-stems. Syn.machara,q.v.andwutsiyar giwa.
gabaruwa, syn.bagaruwa,q.v.Acacia arabica, Willd.
gabu,videunderalbasa.
gaḍakukaorgaḍaukuka(Katagum, &c. the Ful. name);Aristolochia albida, Duch. (Aristolochiaceæ); atwiner with oddly shaped lurid black-purple flowers; sometimes confused withjibda ḳassa,q.v, and the bitter root sold as such; a remedy for Guinea-worm, &c. and a bitter tonic. Syn.maḍachin ḳassa,dumar dutsi, and ?fiyaka.
gadagi,Alysicarpus vaginalis, DC. (Leguminosæ); a common herb, used when ripe as a fodder for horses; (including the similarA. rugosus, DC.).
gadon machiji(Sok.),Trianthema monogyna, L. andT. pentandra, L. (Ficoideæ). “Horse Purslane;” two very similar and common succulent weeds, forming a thick growth in waste places. Synonyms arehana taḳama(because one has to walk warily amongst it), anddabrin saniya(= “cow’s lip” butcf.halshen saniyaorfasa ḳabba). The name is elsewhere commonly applied to a species of convolvulus,yamḅururu,q.v.
gadu(Zanfara),Pavetta Barteri, Dawe (Rubiaceæ); a shrub the leaves of which are used by some pagan tribes as food, withkunuof cereals, &c.
gagayi, an aphrodisiac prescription of 12 ingredients;videgangawari; applied also to several plants supposed to have the same property, e.g.baḳin gagayi=Fadogia agrestis, Schweinf. (Rubiaceæ), an erect plant with a tough root.
gaji(Sok.), a grass used for plaiting armlets, &c. (Syn. ?karanianddarambuwa).
gajiri,Cymbopogon hirtus(Gramineæ); a tall grass used for thatching, forzana, &c. Syn.jimfi, orjimpa jimpa(Sok. Kats. and Zanf.). The name probably includes more than one species.
gamba,Andropogon Guyanus, Kunth. (Gramineæ); a very common tall grass with bifid flowering spikes; perhaps the most commonly used grass forzana.
gamjiorganji(Kano),Ficus platyphyllaDel. (Urticaceæ). “Gutta-percha Tree;” a large tree with broad conspicuously veined leaves and small edible figs (videlubiya). The latex forms an inferior kind of rubber (“Red Kano rubber”).
gamma faḍa(Kano, &c.),Cassia Kotschyana, Oliv. (Leguminosæ); a tree with laburnum-like yellow flowers and long cylindrical pods which do not split. Syn.malgaormarga(Sok. Gobir, &c.). AlsoCassia Sieberiana, DC. and perhaps other species (very similar to the “Pudding Pipe Tree”—Cassia fistula). The dark pulp around the seeds is a laxative drug. Scarcely distinguished in Hausa from the somewhat similarCassia Arereh,Swartzia madagascariensis, Oliv. and others whose pods split longitudinally.videunderbayama,bogo zage, andhaḍa fuḍa. The pods of some of these are sometimes used as a fish-poison,videunderagoandbaina. (Etym.gamma faḍa—“leading to feud,” from unskilled or improper use as a drug.)
gamma gari,videundergoro.
gamma sanwa,videbakin mutum.
gammon bawa,Merremia angustifolia. Syn.yamḅururu. (Etym. the equivalent of a Beri Beri name—“slave’s head-pad”).
gandi, a var. of kola nut;videundergoro.
gangamau,Curcuma longa, L. (Scitamineæ); Turmeric, a plant like ginger; the rhizome is sold in the form of slices and used as a yellow dye for leather, &c. Syn.turri. (Kanurikurgum, Arabic and Hebrewkurkum).cf.zabibi.
gangame(Sok.), the expanded fronds of the palmsgoribaorgiginya, &c. Syn.kari(Kano); nearly the same askaba,q.v.
gangawari, the thickened root of a sedge or grass; one of the constant ingredients of the aphrodisiacgagayi,q.v.
ganji(Kano). Syn.gamji,q.v.Ficus platyphylla, Del.
ganji gaga, a var. of kola nut;videundergoro.
ganwon rama= coils of undressed hemp fibre,videunderrama.
garafuni,Momordica balsamina, L. (Cucurbitaceæ). “Balsam Apple;” a twiner of the cucumber family, with yellow flowers and orange-yellow tubercled fruits; used medicinally and in soup, and as a soap forming a viscid solution in water.
namijin garafuni,Ctenolepis cerasiformis, Hook. f. a twiner of the same family, with scarlet cherry-like fruit. Syn.ḍiyan hanwawa(Sok.).
garafunin fadamaorg. kwata,videgautan kwaḍo.
garamani(Sok.),Sida cordifolia, L. (Malvaceæ); a hard-stemmed weed with soft cordate leaves and yellow flowers; (a pest in Sokoto, &c.). Syn.farin garamanias distinct frombaḳin garamaniorramaniya,q.v.In East Hausa sometimes calledmai-ḳafo(from the paired long processes on the carpels); alsokardafi(Katagum). The bark yields a fibre.
garaji, a fodder grass with edible grain. ?The same asbayaandsaḅe,q.v.
garangarma,videunderguna.
garasa,videkatsaimu.
gardayi,Acacia macrostachys, Reich. (Leguminosæ); a gum-yielding acacia common in Sokoto province.
garicha(Zanfara),Ficus sp.(Urticaceæ).videhaguguwaanduwar yara.
gasaya(Kano, &c.),Gynandropsis pentaphylla, DC. (Capparideæ); a common herb near habitations, with 5-foliate leaves and white flowers; used as a pot-herb. Syn.yar unguwa(Sok.). The namenamijin gasayais applied loosely to several weeds, e.g.Amaranthus polygamus, L. (Amaranthaceæ),Polanisia viscosa, DC. (Capparideæ),Croton lobatus, L. (Euphorbiaceæ), &c.
gatarin kurege(Sok.),Gloriosa superba, L. a climbing lily, more generally known asbaurairai,q.v.
gatarin zomo,Tacca pinnatifida, Forst. more commonly known asgiginyar biri,q.v.
gaton kariyaorchuchun kariya,videgujiyar hankaka.
gauḍe,Gardenia erubescens, Stapf and Hutch. (Rubiaceæ); a shrub, common in the bush, with fragrant white tubular flowers, tough wood and yellowish ovoid edible fruit. The fruit is used by women in the preparation of a form of the black cosmetickatambiri,q.v.
gauḍen dutsi(Sok.),Gardenia Sokotensis, Hutch. a low shrub with white flowers, found on rocky hills.
gauḍen kura,Gardenia ternifolia, Thunberg (=G. Thunbergii, Linn. f.), a shrub similar togauḍe, with coarse not edible fruit.
gaugayi,videḳuduji.
gauta,Solanum sp.Native bitter tomato; probably a var. ofSolanum Melongena.ḍataorḍwata(gautan ḍwachi) is a small very bitter variety, scarlet when ripe, and usually lobed; used in soup;kulufita, smaller thangauta;yalo, a large var. scarlet when ripe, often eaten raw =Solanum Melongena, var.inerme, Hiern. (N.B. The “Brinjal” or “Aubergine” or “Egg Plant” isS. Melongena, Linn.).
gautan bagirmi,videgorgo.
gautan kaji,Solanum nodiflorum, Jacq. (=S. nigrum, var.guineense, Linn.) “Black Nightshade;” an erect branching weed of waste places with white flowers and small black berries.cf.gautan tsuntsu.
gautan kura,Solanum incanum, L. a prickly undershrub with hoary leaves, a yellow tomato-like fruit, and white or lilac-purple flowers; a deliriant poison. The name includes other poisonous species ofSolanumin different districts. Sometimes calledidon saniya= “ox-eye,” from the Ful. namegiti nai.
gautan kwaḍo,Cardiospermum Halicacabum, L. (Sapindaceæ). “Balloon Vine,” “Winter Cherry,” or “Heart Pea;” a straggling plant of damp and waste places, with tendrils and graceful foliage, small white flowers and bladdery 3-angled capsule. Syn.garafunin fadamaorgarafunin kwata(kwata= water-side);videalsogodar zomo.
gautan tsuntsu,Solanum scalare, C. H. Wright; a plant of the native tomato tribe, with small red edible berries, cultivated near houses. (The name is often confused withgautan kaji,q.v.).
gautan zomo,Mukia scabrella, Arn. (Cucurbitaceæ); a rough-leaved twining plant (like Bryony), with small red berries. Syn.malami,q.v.
gawasa,Parinarium macrophyllum, Sabine (Rosaceæ). “Ginger-bread Plum;” a broad-leaved tree found in the northern provinces, bearing a dry plum-like fruit.
gawo,Acacia albida, Del. (Leguminosæ); a large acacia-tree very common in the north; bearing creamy-white flower-spikes and orange-yellow twisted pods; it is leafless during the rains and blooms from October onward; foliage a good camel food. A sort of pack-saddle calledtasshi(East Hausa), is made from the bark.