4f.,230Rubatum,153SABAEAN kingdom,121Sabdanu, brother of Nabû-aplu-iddina,260Sabum,199Sacred Road or Way, in Babylon,37,39,47,51,73,80,83; in plans,30,57,74,83; in restoration,28Sadyattes, king of Lydia,279Saggaratum,204Sailors,180f.Sajûr,129Sakhn,73; in plan,23Sâlihîya,129Salmu, messenger of Burna-Buriash,225Samaria,269Sâmarrâ,11Samson,307Samsu-ditana, king of First Dynasty,209ff.; in List,320Samsu-iluna, king of First Dynasty,84,89f.,97f.,100ff,104f.,148;reign of,197ff.; estimate of,205;letter of,171; image of deified,209; in Lists,319f.Samsu-iluna-khegallum Canal,197Samsu-iluna-nagab-nukhush-nishi Canal,197Samuel, I. Book of,307Samum, king of Larsa,89f.,134; in List,318Sandbanks, ancient, in Euphrates,37Sangar, king of Carchemish,260Sarah,305Sarakos,276;see alsoSin-shar-ishkunSardis,282f.Sargon, king of Akkad,6,127,145Sargon, king of Assyria,6,32ff.,36,269ff.; in List,321Sargonids, Babylonian policy of,4Sarpanitum,146,218Sarre, Prof. Friedrich,130Sassanian kings,9f.Saturn, planet,313Saunders, Telawney,17Sayce, Prof. A. H.,106,126,150,160Scheftelowitz, Isidor,227Scheil, Père V.,80,95,134,139,147,156,162,212,248,281Scheria,308Schiarparelli, G. V.,107,313Schöne, Dr. Richard,17Schorr, M.,129,131,143,163,190,208Schrader, Eberhard,72,219,241Schumacher, Dr. G.,125Schwartz, E.,114Scorpion, of Ishkhara,297Scourging, as punishment,165Scribes,183Scylax, of Caryanda,7Scythia,286Scythians,274f.Sea-Country,200ff.; kings of,103ff.,199ff.,209; Kassite conquest of,217f.; Shalmaneser III. in,263Selby, Commander W. Beaumont,17Seleucia,5,8,287Seleucus,7,287Sellin, Dr. E.,125f.Semite, as adapter,2f.Semites, as nomads,121ff.;see alsoWestern SemitesSemitic migrations,10Seneca,301Sennacherib, king of Assyria,6,36,60,82,174f.,256,270f.,276;Babylonian policy of,273; inList,321Serapis,73Sergi, Giuseppe,126Serpens, constellation,292Serpents, bronze,72Service-rooms, for temple-shrines,64Seti I., king of Egypt,235Sha-mamîtu,258f.Shabaka, king of Egypt,269Shadduf, in Mesopotamia,172Shadudu, of Sukhi,260Shag-dugga,207Shagarakti-Shuriash, king of Third Dynasty,243; in List,320Shagga,191Shakanim,171Shakhnâ,203Shala, of Ekallâti,256Shalibi,155Shalmaneser I., king of Assyria,139,243Shalmaneser III., king of Assyria,257,259ff.;Gates of,262ff.Shalmaneser V., king of Assyria,268f.;see alsoUlulaiShamâia, Elamite priest,253f.Shamash,seeSun-god, E-babbarShamash-erba, rebel leader,286Shamash-khegallum Canal,145Shamash-mudammik, king of Eighth Dynasty,258; in List,321Shamash-rêsh-usur, governor of Sukhi and Ma'ri,265ff.Shamash-shum-ukîn, king of Babylon,31,271ff.; in List,321Shamshi-Adad III., king of Assyria,256Shamshi-Adad IV., king of Assyria,129,131,264Shamûa, Elamite priest,253f.Shatt Atshar,17Shatt el-'Arab,9f.Shatt el-Hai,9f.Sheep-shearing,168Shepherds, in Babylonia,168Shergât,19; excavations at,137Shewbread,62Shilanum-Shuḳamuna, king of Sixth Dynasty,258; in List,320Ships, Babylonian,180f.; of Sennacherib,6,270Shirley, Anthony,15Shrines, of temples,64Shu-numum-dar Canal,154Shubareans,139Shubartu,139;see alsoSubartuShubbiluliuma, founder of Hittite Empire,230,233f.Shunu'-rammu,127Shuruppak,85,212f.,300Shushinak,296Shushshi, king of Second Dynasty,202; in List,320Shutruk-Nakhkhunte, king of Elam,244,252Si[...]-Ninni, wife of Rîm-Sin,156Sibir, king, probably of Eighth Dynasty,259f.; in List,321Sidon,277Ṣili-Adad, king of Larsa,89f.,150f.; in List,319Silver, as currency,195f.;purchasing power of,211;its ratio to copper,211Simmash-Shipak, king of Fifth Dynasty,257,261; in List,321Simplicius,116Sin,145,148,159,206;see alsoE-gishshirgal, E-khulkhulSin-gamil, king of Erech,211Sin-gashid, king of Erech,211Sin-idinnam, king of Larsa,89f.,99,150; in List,319Sin-idinnam, governor of Larsa,157,296Sin-iḳîsham, king of Larsa,89f.,99,148,151; in List,319Sin-iribam, king of Larsa,89f.,151; in List,319Sin-magir, king of Nîsin,151; in List,319Sin-magir, father-in-law of Rîm-Sin,156Sin-muballit, king of First Dynasty,92,103,151fr.; in Lists,319f.Sin-muballit Canal,153Sin-shar-ishkun, king of Assyria,273,276; in List,321Sin-shum-lishir, king of Assyria,273; in List,321Sinjar, village on site of Babylon,23f.,35Sippar,37,134,136,142ff.,149.154f.,158f.,171,192,197,200,204,207,244,257,200,208,282f.;of Shamash,250; of Ariunitum,256Sivas,5Skinner, Prof. J.,160Slaves,48,139,165ff.,192Smerdis,285;seeBardiyaSmith, George,80,106Sodom,305Solomon, brazen altar of,62Soothsayers,191Soul, Hymn of the,305Southern Citadel, of Babylon,24,27 f.,38ff.,57f.; conjectural;restoration of,28; plan of,30Sparta,283Spear-head, of Marduk,79,297Spirits, evil,194Stairways, of E-temen-anki,76f.;or ramps,57,64f.Stein, Sir M. Aurel,121Stilus, of Nabû,79,297Stone-engraving, Babylonian,261Store-chambers, in temples,64Strabo,47f.Strassmaier, Father J. N.,278Streck, Prof. M.,256Streets, of Babylon,29,82ff.,184Stucken, E.,292Su tribes,135Su-abu,136;seeSumu-abumSubartu,157; as early geographicalterm,139; in later tradition,140;non-Iranian population of,214Sugagi,243Sukhi,154,260,265Sukhi Canal,266Sumer,3,10f.,20,244Sumerian towns, character of,85Sumerians,134,137f.,201f.;literature of,194f.Sumu-abum, founder of First Dynasty,117,136,141ff.; in Lists,318,320Sumu-ditana, vassal-ruler of Kish,145Sumu-ilum, king of Larsa.89f.,147f.,150; as king of147f.,147f.;in List,318Sumu-la-ilum, king of First Dynasty,143,145ff.;estimate of,148f.; fortresses of,204; in Lists,318,320Sumu-la-ilum Canal,146Sun-god, cult of, at Babylon,149;as Ba'al of Khana;see alsoE-babbarSun-god Tablet,261Surgeons, Babylonian,193f.; fees of,165Susa,5,8,113,273,282,287Susiania,2,286Sutû,243,256f.Swamps, in S. Babylonia,200f.Symbolism, Babylonian,298f.Syncellus,114Synchronistic History,241ff.,265Syria,11,127f.,157,220,225ff.,234ff,241,262,315; grain-drillof,176; trade with,4,182;importations from,207TABLES, for offerings,62Tammuz, god,290,304f.Tâmtum-khegallum,149Tariff, commercial,211Tarkundaraba, king of Arzawa,230Tarring the head, as punishment,131Tashshi-gurumash, king of Third Dynasty,218; in List,320Taurus, range,4,225,229f.,262Taurus, constellation,293,311Tax-collectors,191f.Taxes,248f.; in kind,195Tearing in pieces, as punishment,170Teiresias,308Tell 'Amrân-ibn-'Ali,16,22f.,72,85;excavation of,73Tell 'Ashar,129Tell el-Amarna,219; letters from,132,219ff.,239f.Tell 'Ishar,seeTell 'AsharTell Sifr,92,98,102,198f.Tello,20,138,140,147Temple-decoration,62f.Temple-revenues,191f.Temple towers, form of,78ff.Temples, at Babylon,61ff.Teredon,280Teritum, West-Semitic month,131Teshshub-'ari,139Teshub,139,228Teumman, king of Elam,272Thales, of Miletus,279Thebes,219,240,272Theft, penalties for,164,169f.;compensation for,169f.,172,182Thompson, R. C,140,285f.Thothmes IV., king of Egypt,221Throne-room, of Nebuchadnezzar II.,42ff.; in restoration,28; plan of,42Thureau-Dangin, F.,89,98,105,129,143,145,147,150ff,155f.,211f.,217,242f.,299Thyestes,292f.Tiamat,306f.Tidal, king of "nations,"159f.Tiglath-pileser I., king of Assyria,112,254,256Tiglath-pileser IV., king of Assyria,116,267f.;policy of,267f.; in List,321Tigris,4f.; canalization of,151,156;irrigation on,172f.; navigationof,6f.,287; damming of,205Time-division, system of,289Time-reckoning, systems of,97,190,215Tirka,129ff.Tishit-Enlil Canal,155Tower of Babel,seeBabelTower of Babylon,seeE-temen-ankiTowers, on walls of Babylon,26,31;in temple-decoration,63Town-life,183f.Town-planning,85f.Trade,181ff.; profits of,182f.Trade-routes,4f.,127,315Transport, by water,170Trefoils, in Babylonian decoration,44Tribal proprietorship, of land,167,250f.Tribute, collection of,191f.Tu'mânu tribe,266Tukulti-Ashur, king of Assyria,244Tukulti-Ninib I., king of Assyria,244; in List,320Tukulti-Ninib II., king of Assyria,259f.Tupliash,157;see alsoAshnunnakTuri-Dagan, of Khana,132Turkey,214Turukkum,157Tutu-khegallum Canal,153Tutul,159Tuz-khurmati,212Tylor, Prof. E. B.,177,294Tyre,270,277UGARIT,237Ukîn-zêr,116;see alsoNabû-mukîn-zêrUla-Burariash,seeUlam-BuriashUlam-Buriash, Kassite chieftain,217f.Ululai, king of Babylon,268; in List,321;seeShalmaneser VUmma,212f.Umman-manda,276Umman-menanu, king of Elam,271Ungnad, Prof. A.,92,98,129f.,132,139,143,145,162,190,215f.Upêri, of Dilmun,6Ur,89,134f.,147,150f.,152,155,159,198f.; latest dynasty of,11,113,133; college of votaries at,186,281Ur-kingala, scribe,101f.Ur-Ninib, king of Nîsin,135f.,147; in List,