⏑͐ ⁞ –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ‖ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | ⏗́ | –̇ ⌃2616.Catullus does not admit resolutions at all, save in one very doubtful case (25, 5). Varro seems to admit them in the first foot only.Iambic Dimeter Acatalectic(orQuaternarius).2617.TheIambic Dimeter Acatalecticconsists of two complete iambic dipodies or four iambic feet. In the first three feet the tribrach, irrational spondee, irrational dactyl and cyclic anapaest are admitted; but the proceleusmatic is very rare, except in the first foot of theVersus Reizianus(2625), (of which a Quaternarius forms the first colon). The scheme for substitution is:⏑͐ –́⏑͐ –̇⏑͐ –́⏑ –̇⏑ ⏑́ ⏑⏑ ⏑̇ ⏑⏑ ⏑́ ⏑> ⏑́ ⏑> ⏑̇ ⏑> ⏑́ ⏑⏖ –́⏖ –̇⏖ –́[⏖ ⏑́ ⏑][⏖ ⏑̇ ⏑]⏖ ⏑ ⏑́⏑]Examples are:Rogitā́|re quasi | diffíci|le sit⏖ –́ | ⏑ ⏑̇ ⏑ | > ⏑́ ⏑ | ⏑ –̇(T.Eu.209).Ast égo | vicis|sim rī́|serō> ⏑́ ⏑ | ⏑ –̇ | > –́ | ⏑ –̇(H.Epod.15, 24).Perū́n|xit hōc | Iā́|sonem⏑ –́ | ⏑ –̇ | ⏑ –́ | ⏑ –̇(H.Epod.3, 12).2618.(1.) The verse may also be regarded as a trochaic dimeter catalectic with anacrusis (2529), with the normal scheme:⏑ ⁞ –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃2619.(2.) Horace admits resolutions only four times, the tribrach once in the second foot and the dactyl thrice in the first.2620.(3.) Plautus (except in a few instances), Terence, and Horace employ the dimeter only as aclausula(2536) to longer verses. Petronius, Seneca, and Prudentius use it to formsystems(2547); but it is rarely so employed by earlier writers.The Iambic Dimeter Catalectic(orTernarius).2621.This is like the preceding verse, except that the last foot is incomplete. Examples are:—Nequ(e) íd | perspice|re quī́|vī⏑ –́ | > ⏑̇ ⏑ | ⏑ ⏗́ –̇(Pl.Cap.784).Date; móx | eg(o) hūc | revór|tor⏖ –́ | ⏑ –̇ | ⏑ ⏗́ –̇(T.Andr.485).2622.(1.) The verse may also be regarded as a syncopated catalectic trochaic dimeter with anacrusis (2529). The normal scheme will then be:—⏑ ⁞ –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –̇ ⌃2623.(2.) Plautus and Terence use this verse as aclausula(2536). Petronius is the first who employs it to formsystems(2547).Other Iambic Verses.2624.Other short iambic verses, the acatalectic dipody (e.g.eg(o) ĭllūm | famē, | eg(o) ĭllúm | sitī, Pl.Cas.153), and the catalectic tripody (e.g.inóps | amā́|tor, Pl.Tri.256) sometimes occur, but are rare.The Versus Reizianus.2625.This is a composite verse, consisting of two cola, an iambic dimeter acatalectic and an iambic tripody catalectic. The scheme is therefore,⏑͐ –́⏑͐ –̇⏑͐ –́⏑ –̇ # ⏑͐ –́⏑͐ –́⏑ ⌅⏑ ⏑́ ⏑⏑ ⏑̇ ⏑⏑ ⏑́ ⏑[⏑ ⏑́ ⏑]⏑ ⏑́ ⏑> ⏑́ ⏑> ⏑̇ ⏑> ⏑́ ⏑> ⏑́ ⏑> ⏑́ ⏑⏖ –́⏖ –̇⏖ –́⏖ –́⏖ –́⏖ ⏑́ ⏑[⏖ ⏑̇ ⏑][⏖ ⏑́ ⏑]⏖ ⏑́ ⏑⏖ ⏑́ ⏑Examples are:—Sed in aé|dibus | quid tíbi | meīs # n(am) erát | negṓ|tīm(ē) absén|te, nis(i) e|go iús|seram? # volo scī́|re. Tac(ē) ér|gōQuia vḗ|nimŭs coc|t(um) ad nū́|ptiās. # Quid tū́, | malŭm, cū́|rās.(Pl.Aul.427.)2626.The nature of the second colon of this verse has long been disputed. Reiz and Christ treat it substantially as above; Studemund regards it as a syncopated iambic dimeter catalectic (⏑ – ⏑ ⏗ – ⏑), Spengel and Gleditsch as anapaestic, Leo as logaoedic, Klotz as sometimes logaoedic and sometimes anapaestic! The view of Christ (Metrik2, p. 348) seems, on the whole, the most reasonable, though the question cannot be said to be fully decided. The tribrach is rare in the second colon, but there seems to be a case in Plautus,R.675 b.2627.For other iambic verses and combinations of verses, see special editions of the dramatists.TROCHAIC RHYTHMS.2628.These are descending rhythms in 3/8 time. The fundamental foot is the trochee –́ ⏑, for which its metrical equivalent the tribrach⏑́ ⏑ ⏑,the irrational spondee –́ >, the cyclic dactyl –́ ⏑ ⏑, the irrational anapaest ⏑́ ⏑ >, and (rarely) the proceleusmatic ⏑́ ⏑ ⏑ ⏑, are sometimes substituted.The Trochaic Tetrameter Catalectic(orSeptenarius).2629.TheTrochaic Tetrameter Catalecticis, next to the iambic trimeter, the verse most frequently used by the early Roman dramatists. It consists of seven and a half trochaic feet, or four trochaic dipodies (the last one being incomplete). The ictus on the second thesis of each dipody was probably weaker than that on the first thesis. The normal scheme is:—–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃As in the case of the senarius, we may distinguish two periods in the usage:—(A.) Early Period.2630.The tribrach is admitted in any of the complete feet, and the irrational spondee, cyclic dactyl, and irrational anapaest in any of the first six feet. Terence does not admit the proceleusmatic in the Septenarius (nor in any other kind of trochaic verse), but Plautus admits it in the first foot. The seventh foot of the Septenarius is usually a trochee, but the tribrach sometimes occurs there. The principal break in the line is usually a diaeresis after the fourth foot (which in that case must not be a dactyl), often accompanied by a secondary diaeresis after the second foot. Sometimes, however, the principal break is a diaeresis after the fifth foot, in which case there is generally a secondary diaeresis after the third foot or a caesura in the fourth. The full scheme of substitutions is:—–́ ⏑͐–̇ ⏑͐–́ ⏑͐–̇ ⏑͐–́ ⏑͐–̇ ⏑͐–́ ⏑–̇ ⌃⏑́ ⏑ ⏑⏑̇ ⏑ ⏑⏑́ ⏑ ⏑⏑̇ ⏑ ⏑⏑́ ⏑ ⏑⏑̇ ⏑ ⏑⏑́ ⏑ ⏑–́ ⏖–̇ ⏖–́ ⏖–̇ ⏖–́ ⏖–̇ ⏖[–́ ⏖]⏑́ ⏑ >⏑̇ ⏑ >⏑́ ⏑ >⏑̇ ⏑ >⏑́ ⏑ >⏑̇ ⏑ >[⏑́ ⏑ ⏖]The following lines are examples of the Septenarius:—Séquere | sīs, erŭm | quī́ lū|dificās # díctīs | dēlī|ránti|busquī quoni(am) | erŭs quod | ímpe|rāvit # néglē|xistī | pérse|quī,núnc ve|nīs eti(am) | últr(ō) in|rīsum # dóminum|: quae neque | fī́e|rīpóssunt | neque fan|d(ō) úmqu(am) ac|cēpit # quísquam | prōfers, | cárnu|fex.(Pl.Am.585.)⏑́ ⏑ ⏑–̇ ⏖–́ >⏑̇ ⏑ > # –́ >–̇ >–́ ⏑–̇ ⌃–́ ⏖⏑̇ ⏖–́ ⏑–̇ > # –́ >–̇ >–́ ⏑–̇ ⌃–́ ⏑–́ ⏖–́ >–̇ > # ⏑́ ⏑ >–̇ ⏑ ⏑–́ ⏑–̇ ⌃–́ >⏑̇ ⏑ >–́ >–̇ > # –́ >–̇ >–́ ⏑–̇ ⌃2631.(1.) When there is a diaeresis after the fourth foot, the verse isasynartetic(2535). In Plautus hiatus in the diaeresis is not rare; but there seems to be nocertaininstance of it in Terence (seePh.528,Ad.697).2632.(2.) An anapaest is not allowed to follow a dactyl.2633.(3.) The seventh foot is usually a trochee; rarely a tribrach or dactyl. The tribrach and dactyl are seldom found in the fourth foot.(B.) Later Usage.2634.The later and stricter form of the Septenarius keeps the arses of the odd feet pure, and regularly shows a diaeresis after the fourth foot.–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ # –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃Resolutions occur, but are far less common than in the earlier form of the verse. The strict form of the Septenarius is found in Varro, Seneca, and often in late poets (as Ausonius, Prudentius, &c.).2635.The rhythm of the Septenarius may be illustrated by this line:—“Comrades, leave me here a little, while as yet ’tis early morn.”(Tennyson.)The Trochaic Tetrameter Acatalectic(orOctonarius).2636.TheTrochaic Tetrameter Acatalecticis chiefly confined to the lyrical portions of the early comedy. It consists of four complete trochaic dipodies or eight trochaic feet. The tribrach, irrational spondee, irrational anapaest and cyclic dactyl may stand in any foot save the last. The last foot is regularly a trochee or a tribrach, though (the last syllable beingsyllaba anceps,2533) an apparent spondee or anapaest, but not a dactyl, may arise. The principal break in the line is regularly a diaeresis after the fourth foot (which in that case must not be a dactyl). Occasionally, however, there is instead a caesura in the fourth or fifth foot. The scheme is:—–́ ⏑͐–̇ ⏑͐–́ ⏑͐–̇ ⏑͐–́ ⏑͐–̇ ⏑͐–́ ⏑͐–̇ ⏑͐⏑́ ⏑ ⏑⏑̇ ⏑ ⏑⏑́ ⏑ ⏑⏑̇ ⏑ ⏑⏑́ ⏑ ⏑⏑̇ ⏑ ⏑⏑́ ⏑ ⏑[⏑̇ ⏑ ⏑]–́ ⏖–̇ ⏖–́ ⏖–̇ ⏖–́ ⏖–̇ ⏖–́ ⏖⏑́ ⏑ >⏑̇ ⏑ >⏑́ ⏑ >⏑̇ ⏑ >⏑́ ⏑ >⏑̇ ⏑ >⏑́ ⏑ >[⏑̇ ⏑ >]Example:—Cḗnse|ō.Sed | heústū.| Quid vīs? # Cḗnsēn | posse | m(e) óffir|māre?(T.Eu.217).–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ > | –̇ > # –́ > | –̇ ⏑ | –́ > | –̇ ⏑Compare in English:—Over stream and mount and valley sweeps the merry, careless rover,Toying with the fragrant blossoms, beating down the heads of clover.2637.(1.) When there is a diaeresis after the fourth foot, the verse isasynartetic(2535).2638.(2.) The Octonarius is essentially a lyric metre, and is much less common than the Septenarius.The Trochaic Tetrameter Claudus(orScazon).2639.This verse is a trochaic tetrameter acatalectic, with syncope and protraction in the seventh foot. The normal scheme is:–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –́ ⏑An example is:—Néc co|ruscus | ímber | altō ‖ nū́bi|lō ca|dḗns | múltus–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ > # –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –́ ⏑(Varro,Sat. fr.557 Buech.).2640.(1.) Substitutions are much rarer in this verse than in the ordinary trochaic octonarius.2641.(2.) The Scazon was introduced among the Greeks by Hipponax, whence it is sometimes called the Hipponactean. Varro seems to be the only Roman poet who uses it.The Nine-syllabled Alcaic.2642.This verse consists of two complete trochaic dipodies, with anacrusis. The second foot is always an irrational spondee. The scheme is:—⏑͐⁞–́ ⏑ | –̇ > | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑An example is:—Sil|vaé la|bōran|tḗs ge|lūque.(H. 1, 9, 3.)This verse occurs only in Horace, where it forms the third line of the Alcaic Strophe (see2736).The Trochaic Dimeter Acatalectic(orQuaternarius).2643.This verse consists of two complete trochaic dipodies. It is very rare, but there are probably a few instances of it in Plautus, e.g.Per.31:—Básili|c(ō) accipi|ḗre | vīctū⏑́ ⏑ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑The Trochaic Dimeter Catalectic(orTernarius).2644.This consists of two trochaic dipodies, the second being incomplete. It occurs in the early dramatists and in Horace. The scheme for Plautus and Terence is:—–́ ⏑͐–̇ ⏑͐–́ ⏑–̇ ⌃⏑́ ⏑ ⏑⏑̇ ⏑ ⏑[⏑́ ⏑ ⏑]–́ ⏖–̇ ⏖⏑́ ⏑ >⏑̇ ⏑ >The Horatian scheme is:—–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃Examples are:—Aút un|d(e) auxili|úm pe|tam(T.Ph.729).Nṓn e|bur ne|qu(e) aúre|um(H. 2, 18, 1).2645.(1.) This is sometimes called the Euripidean verse, from its use by Euripides. The tribrach in the third foot is rare, and is not found in Terence. Horace keeps all the feet pure.2646.(2.) Plautus and Terence often use this verse between trochaic tetrameters, but sometimes employ severalTernariiin succession, as in Plaut.E.3-6,Cas.953-6,Ps.211-13.The Trochaic Tripody Acatalectic.2647.This verse is confined to the early drama, where it is employed as aclausula(2536), especially with Cretics. It consists of three complete trochaic feet. The same substitutions are admitted in every foot that are allowed in the first two feet of the Ternarius (2644). An example is:—Haú bonŭm | teneō | sérvom–́ ⏑ ⏑ | ⏑̇ ⏑ > | –́ ⏑(Pl.Most.721).This verse is sometimes called theIthyphallic.The Trochaic Tripody Catalectic.2648.This verse is employed by the early dramatists, usually either as aclausula(2536) or in groups of two lines each. Terence generally uses it in the former way, Plautus in the latter. The scheme of substitutions is:—–́ ⏑͐–̇ ⏑͐–́ ⌃⏑́ ⏑ ⏑⏑̇ ⏑ ⏑–́ ⏖–̇ ⏖⏑́ ⏑ >⏑̇ ⏑ >Example:—Qu(ī) ímpi|ger fu|ī́–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⌃(Pl.R.925).In one instance (R.924 ff.) Plautus has six catalectic tripodies in succession.Other Trochaic Verses.2649.The Trochaic Monometer Acatalectic is sometimes used by Plautus as aclausula(2536) to Cretic tetrameters., It consists of one complete trochaic dipody, e.g.nímis in|epta’ s,R.681.iū́re in|iūstās,Am.247. Terence uses thecatalecticmonometer twice (Eu.292,Ph.485) at the beginning of a scene, e.g.Dṓri|ō,Ph.485. Plautus has a few other trochaic verses and combinations of verses, for which see special editions of his plays.LOGAOEDIC RHYTHMS.2650.Logaoedic verse consists of dactyls and trochees combined in the same metrical series. The dactyls are “cyclic” (see2523), occupying approximately the time of trochees, and hence the verse moves in 3/8 time. Except in the “Lesser Alcaic” verse (2663), only one dactyl may stand in a single series; and a dactyl must not occupy the last place in a line.2651.(1.) The name “logaoedic” (Gr.λογαοιδικός, fromλόγος,speech,prose, andἀοιδή,song) may refer to the apparent change of rhythm (due to the mixture of dactyls and trochees), in which logaoedic verse resembles prose; but this is a disputed point.2652.(2.) In the logaoedic verses of Horace, an irrational spondee almost always takes the place of a trochee before the first dactyl; and if an apparent choriambus (–́ ⏑ ⏑ | ⏗́; see2521) is followed by another apparent choriambus in the same verse, the two are regularly separated by a caesura. These rules are not observed by Catullus.2653.(3.) Anacrusis (2529) and syncope (2541) are very common in logaoedic verse.2654.The following are the principal logaoedic rhythms:—DIPODY.The Adonic.2655.This is a logaoedic dipody, with the scheme:—–́ ⏖ | –́ ⏑Examples are:—Térruit | úrbem(H. 1, 2, 4).Rā́ra iu|véntus(H. 1, 2, 24).2656.(1.) Some regard the Adonic as a syncopated catalectic tripody:–́ ⏖ | ⏗́ | –́ ⌃2657.(2.) A Latin Adonic should consist of a disyllable + a trisyllable, or the reverse. This rule did not hold in Greek, where such lines occur asὦ τὸν Ἄδωνιν. Elision is not allowed in the Latin Adonic. Late Latin poets (like Terentianus) sometimes employ the Adonic in stichic series (2546).TRIPODIES.The Aristophanic.2658.This is a logaoedic tripody acatalectic, with a dactyl in the first place. The scheme is therefore:—–́ ⏑ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –́ ⏑There is no fixed caesura. Examples are:—Quíd latet | út ma|rī́nae(H. 1, 8, 13).Fū́nera | nḗ vi|rī́lis(H. 1, 8, 15).Some authorities write the scheme as:–́ ⏑ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –́ ⌃i.e. a syncopated logaoedic tetrapody catalectic.The Pherecratean(orPherecratic).2659.This verse is used by Catullus (34,61), and by Horace (as the third line of the Third Asclepiadean Strophe: see2733). It is a logaoedic tripody, with the dactyl in the second place. The scheme is:—[–́ ⏑]–́ >–́ ⏖–́ ⏑[⏑́–]The trochee and iambus are admitted in the first foot by Catullus, but not by Horace. The iambus is very rare. There is no fixed caesura. Examples are:—Grā́tō, | Pýrrha, sub | ántrō(H. 1, 5, 3).With initial trochee:Lū́te|úmve pa|pā́ver(Cat. 61,195).With initial iambus:Púel|laéque ca|nā́mus(Cat. 34, 4).Some authorities prefer to regard the Pherecratean as a syncopated logaoedic tetrapody catalectic, with the scheme:—[–́ ⏑]–́ >–́ ⏖⏗́–́ ⌃[⏑́–]TETRAPODIES.The Glyconic.2660.This verse is used by Catullus (34,61), by Horace (in the First, Second, and Third Asclepiadean Strophes: see2731,2732,2733), and by Seneca and other later writers. It is a logaoedic tetrapody catalectic, with a dactyl in the second place. The scheme is:—[–́ ⏑]–́ >–́ ⏖–́ ⏑–́ ⌃[⏑́–]The trochee and iambus in the first foot occur in Catullus, but not in Horace (except in the doubtful case, 1, 15, 36). There is generally a trithemimeral caesura; more rarely one in the arsis of the second foot. Examples are:—Quém mor|tís ‖ timu|ít gra|dúm(H. 1, 3, 17).With initial trochee:Mónti|úm ‖ domi|n(a) út fo|rḗs(Cat. 34, 9).With initial iambus:Púel|l(ae) ét ‖ pue|r(ī) ínte|grī́(Cat. 34, 2).2661.(1.) This verse in composition with the Pherecratean forms thePriapean(2674).2662.(2.) In admitting the trochee and iambus in the first foot, Catullus follows Greek models, while Horace adheres to the stricter Roman usage, as laid down by the grammarians of his own day. Seneca observes the same rule as Horace, but some of the later writers (e.g. Terentianus) revert to the earlier and freer usage.The Lesser (orDecasyllabic) Alcaic.2663.This verse is a logaoedic tetrapody acatalectic, with dactyls in the first and second places. The scheme is:—–́ ⏖ | –́ ⏖ | –́ ⏑ | –́ ⏑There is no fixed caesura, though there is frequently a break after the thesis, or in the arsis, of the second foot. Examples are:—Flū́mina | cṓnstite|rínt a|cūtō(H. 1, 9, 4).Móntibus | ét Tibe|rím re|vértī(H. 1, 29, 12).PENTAPODIES.The Phalaecean(orHendecasyllable).2664.This verse is a logaoedic pentapody with the dactyl in the second place. The Greek poets admitted the trochee and iambus, as well as the spondee, in the first foot, and Catullus followed their example; but in Petronius, Martial, and thePriāpēathe first foot is always a spondee, and in later writers nearly always. Horace does not use the Phalaecean. There is no fixed caesura, though the penthemimeral is often found. The scheme is:—[–́ ⏑]–́ >–́ ⏖–́ ⏑–́ ⏑–⏑[⏑́–]Examples are:—Cúius | vī́s fie|rī́ li|bélle | mū́nus(Mart. 3, 2, 1).With initial trochee:Dḗ di|ḗ faci|tís me|ī́ so|dā́lēs(Cat. 47, 6).With initial iambus:Ágit | péssimus | ómni|úm po|ḗta(Cat. 49, 5).Compare in English:—“Look, I come to the test, a tiny poemAll composed in a metre of Catullus.”(Tennyson.)2665.The Phalaecean is a favourite metre in epigrams. It was used by Sappho, Phalaecus (from whom it took its name), and other Greek poets, and was introduced into Roman poetry by Laevius and Varro. It is a favourite metre with Catullus, and is found in the fragments of Cinna, Cornificius and Bibaculus, in thePriāpēa, in Petronius, Statius, Martial, &c. In Catullus 55, a spondee is often employed instead of the dactyl, the two kinds of feet alternating in the latter verses of the poem; but this innovation seems not to have found favour.The Lesser Sapphic.2666.This verse is a logaoedic pentapody acatalectic, with the dactyl in the third place. The scheme is:—–́ ⏑–́ >[–́ ⏑]–́ ‖ ⏖–́ ⏑–́ ⏑The trochee in the second foot was admitted by Alcaeus and Sappho, and occurs in Catullus, but not in Horace. In Horace the caesura regularly falls after the thesis, or (less frequently) in the arsis, of the dactyl; but in Catullus, as in Sappho and Alcaeus, it has no fixed position. Examples of this verse are:—With masculine caesura:Iám sa|tís ter|rī́s ‖ nivis | átque | dī́rae(H. 1, 2, 1).With feminine caesura:Phoébe | sílvā|rúmque ‖ po|tḗns Di|ā́na(H.C. S.1).With trochee in second foot:Seú Sa|cā́s sa|gíttife|rṓsve | Párthōs(Cat. 11, 6).The Greater (orHendecasyllabic) Alcaic.2667.This verse is a logaoedic pentapody catalectic, with anacrusis and with the dactyl in the third foot. The scheme is:—
⏑͐ ⁞ –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ‖ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | ⏗́ | –̇ ⌃
⏑͐ ⁞ –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ‖ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | ⏗́ | –̇ ⌃
2616.Catullus does not admit resolutions at all, save in one very doubtful case (25, 5). Varro seems to admit them in the first foot only.
Iambic Dimeter Acatalectic(orQuaternarius).
2617.TheIambic Dimeter Acatalecticconsists of two complete iambic dipodies or four iambic feet. In the first three feet the tribrach, irrational spondee, irrational dactyl and cyclic anapaest are admitted; but the proceleusmatic is very rare, except in the first foot of theVersus Reizianus(2625), (of which a Quaternarius forms the first colon). The scheme for substitution is:
Examples are:
Rogitā́|re quasi | diffíci|le sit⏖ –́ | ⏑ ⏑̇ ⏑ | > ⏑́ ⏑ | ⏑ –̇(T.Eu.209).
Rogitā́|re quasi | diffíci|le sit
⏖ –́ | ⏑ ⏑̇ ⏑ | > ⏑́ ⏑ | ⏑ –̇(T.Eu.209).
Ast égo | vicis|sim rī́|serō> ⏑́ ⏑ | ⏑ –̇ | > –́ | ⏑ –̇(H.Epod.15, 24).
Ast égo | vicis|sim rī́|serō
> ⏑́ ⏑ | ⏑ –̇ | > –́ | ⏑ –̇(H.Epod.15, 24).
Perū́n|xit hōc | Iā́|sonem⏑ –́ | ⏑ –̇ | ⏑ –́ | ⏑ –̇(H.Epod.3, 12).
Perū́n|xit hōc | Iā́|sonem
⏑ –́ | ⏑ –̇ | ⏑ –́ | ⏑ –̇(H.Epod.3, 12).
2618.(1.) The verse may also be regarded as a trochaic dimeter catalectic with anacrusis (2529), with the normal scheme:
⏑ ⁞ –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃
⏑ ⁞ –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃
2619.(2.) Horace admits resolutions only four times, the tribrach once in the second foot and the dactyl thrice in the first.
2620.(3.) Plautus (except in a few instances), Terence, and Horace employ the dimeter only as aclausula(2536) to longer verses. Petronius, Seneca, and Prudentius use it to formsystems(2547); but it is rarely so employed by earlier writers.
The Iambic Dimeter Catalectic(orTernarius).
2621.This is like the preceding verse, except that the last foot is incomplete. Examples are:—
Nequ(e) íd | perspice|re quī́|vī⏑ –́ | > ⏑̇ ⏑ | ⏑ ⏗́ –̇(Pl.Cap.784).
Nequ(e) íd | perspice|re quī́|vī
⏑ –́ | > ⏑̇ ⏑ | ⏑ ⏗́ –̇(Pl.Cap.784).
Date; móx | eg(o) hūc | revór|tor⏖ –́ | ⏑ –̇ | ⏑ ⏗́ –̇(T.Andr.485).
Date; móx | eg(o) hūc | revór|tor
⏖ –́ | ⏑ –̇ | ⏑ ⏗́ –̇(T.Andr.485).
2622.(1.) The verse may also be regarded as a syncopated catalectic trochaic dimeter with anacrusis (2529). The normal scheme will then be:—
⏑ ⁞ –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –̇ ⌃
⏑ ⁞ –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –̇ ⌃
2623.(2.) Plautus and Terence use this verse as aclausula(2536). Petronius is the first who employs it to formsystems(2547).
Other Iambic Verses.
2624.Other short iambic verses, the acatalectic dipody (e.g.eg(o) ĭllūm | famē, | eg(o) ĭllúm | sitī, Pl.Cas.153), and the catalectic tripody (e.g.inóps | amā́|tor, Pl.Tri.256) sometimes occur, but are rare.
The Versus Reizianus.
2625.This is a composite verse, consisting of two cola, an iambic dimeter acatalectic and an iambic tripody catalectic. The scheme is therefore,
Examples are:—
Sed in aé|dibus | quid tíbi | meīs # n(am) erát | negṓ|tīm(ē) absén|te, nis(i) e|go iús|seram? # volo scī́|re. Tac(ē) ér|gōQuia vḗ|nimŭs coc|t(um) ad nū́|ptiās. # Quid tū́, | malŭm, cū́|rās.(Pl.Aul.427.)
Sed in aé|dibus | quid tíbi | meīs # n(am) erát | negṓ|tī
m(ē) absén|te, nis(i) e|go iús|seram? # volo scī́|re. Tac(ē) ér|gō
Quia vḗ|nimŭs coc|t(um) ad nū́|ptiās. # Quid tū́, | malŭm, cū́|rās.(Pl.Aul.427.)
2626.The nature of the second colon of this verse has long been disputed. Reiz and Christ treat it substantially as above; Studemund regards it as a syncopated iambic dimeter catalectic (⏑ – ⏑ ⏗ – ⏑), Spengel and Gleditsch as anapaestic, Leo as logaoedic, Klotz as sometimes logaoedic and sometimes anapaestic! The view of Christ (Metrik2, p. 348) seems, on the whole, the most reasonable, though the question cannot be said to be fully decided. The tribrach is rare in the second colon, but there seems to be a case in Plautus,R.675 b.
2627.For other iambic verses and combinations of verses, see special editions of the dramatists.
2628.These are descending rhythms in 3/8 time. The fundamental foot is the trochee –́ ⏑, for which its metrical equivalent the tribrach⏑́ ⏑ ⏑,the irrational spondee –́ >, the cyclic dactyl –́ ⏑ ⏑, the irrational anapaest ⏑́ ⏑ >, and (rarely) the proceleusmatic ⏑́ ⏑ ⏑ ⏑, are sometimes substituted.
The Trochaic Tetrameter Catalectic(orSeptenarius).
2629.TheTrochaic Tetrameter Catalecticis, next to the iambic trimeter, the verse most frequently used by the early Roman dramatists. It consists of seven and a half trochaic feet, or four trochaic dipodies (the last one being incomplete). The ictus on the second thesis of each dipody was probably weaker than that on the first thesis. The normal scheme is:—
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃
As in the case of the senarius, we may distinguish two periods in the usage:—
(A.) Early Period.
2630.The tribrach is admitted in any of the complete feet, and the irrational spondee, cyclic dactyl, and irrational anapaest in any of the first six feet. Terence does not admit the proceleusmatic in the Septenarius (nor in any other kind of trochaic verse), but Plautus admits it in the first foot. The seventh foot of the Septenarius is usually a trochee, but the tribrach sometimes occurs there. The principal break in the line is usually a diaeresis after the fourth foot (which in that case must not be a dactyl), often accompanied by a secondary diaeresis after the second foot. Sometimes, however, the principal break is a diaeresis after the fifth foot, in which case there is generally a secondary diaeresis after the third foot or a caesura in the fourth. The full scheme of substitutions is:—
The following lines are examples of the Septenarius:—
Séquere | sīs, erŭm | quī́ lū|dificās # díctīs | dēlī|ránti|busquī quoni(am) | erŭs quod | ímpe|rāvit # néglē|xistī | pérse|quī,núnc ve|nīs eti(am) | últr(ō) in|rīsum # dóminum|: quae neque | fī́e|rīpóssunt | neque fan|d(ō) úmqu(am) ac|cēpit # quísquam | prōfers, | cárnu|fex.(Pl.Am.585.)
Séquere | sīs, erŭm | quī́ lū|dificās # díctīs | dēlī|ránti|bus
quī quoni(am) | erŭs quod | ímpe|rāvit # néglē|xistī | pérse|quī,
núnc ve|nīs eti(am) | últr(ō) in|rīsum # dóminum|: quae neque | fī́e|rī
póssunt | neque fan|d(ō) úmqu(am) ac|cēpit # quísquam | prōfers, | cárnu|fex.(Pl.Am.585.)
2631.(1.) When there is a diaeresis after the fourth foot, the verse isasynartetic(2535). In Plautus hiatus in the diaeresis is not rare; but there seems to be nocertaininstance of it in Terence (seePh.528,Ad.697).
2632.(2.) An anapaest is not allowed to follow a dactyl.
2633.(3.) The seventh foot is usually a trochee; rarely a tribrach or dactyl. The tribrach and dactyl are seldom found in the fourth foot.
(B.) Later Usage.
2634.The later and stricter form of the Septenarius keeps the arses of the odd feet pure, and regularly shows a diaeresis after the fourth foot.
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ # –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ # –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑͐ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃
Resolutions occur, but are far less common than in the earlier form of the verse. The strict form of the Septenarius is found in Varro, Seneca, and often in late poets (as Ausonius, Prudentius, &c.).
2635.The rhythm of the Septenarius may be illustrated by this line:—
“Comrades, leave me here a little, while as yet ’tis early morn.”(Tennyson.)
“Comrades, leave me here a little, while as yet ’tis early morn.”(Tennyson.)
The Trochaic Tetrameter Acatalectic(orOctonarius).
2636.TheTrochaic Tetrameter Acatalecticis chiefly confined to the lyrical portions of the early comedy. It consists of four complete trochaic dipodies or eight trochaic feet. The tribrach, irrational spondee, irrational anapaest and cyclic dactyl may stand in any foot save the last. The last foot is regularly a trochee or a tribrach, though (the last syllable beingsyllaba anceps,2533) an apparent spondee or anapaest, but not a dactyl, may arise. The principal break in the line is regularly a diaeresis after the fourth foot (which in that case must not be a dactyl). Occasionally, however, there is instead a caesura in the fourth or fifth foot. The scheme is:—
Example:—
Cḗnse|ō.Sed | heústū.| Quid vīs? # Cḗnsēn | posse | m(e) óffir|māre?(T.Eu.217).
Cḗnse|ō.Sed | heústū.| Quid vīs? # Cḗnsēn | posse | m(e) óffir|māre?(T.Eu.217).
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ > | –̇ > # –́ > | –̇ ⏑ | –́ > | –̇ ⏑
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ > | –̇ > # –́ > | –̇ ⏑ | –́ > | –̇ ⏑
Compare in English:—
Over stream and mount and valley sweeps the merry, careless rover,Toying with the fragrant blossoms, beating down the heads of clover.
Over stream and mount and valley sweeps the merry, careless rover,
Toying with the fragrant blossoms, beating down the heads of clover.
2637.(1.) When there is a diaeresis after the fourth foot, the verse isasynartetic(2535).
2638.(2.) The Octonarius is essentially a lyric metre, and is much less common than the Septenarius.
The Trochaic Tetrameter Claudus(orScazon).
2639.This verse is a trochaic tetrameter acatalectic, with syncope and protraction in the seventh foot. The normal scheme is:
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –́ ⏑
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –́ ⏑
An example is:—
Néc co|ruscus | ímber | altō ‖ nū́bi|lō ca|dḗns | múltus–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ > # –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –́ ⏑(Varro,Sat. fr.557 Buech.).
Néc co|ruscus | ímber | altō ‖ nū́bi|lō ca|dḗns | múltus
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ > # –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –́ ⏑(Varro,Sat. fr.557 Buech.).
2640.(1.) Substitutions are much rarer in this verse than in the ordinary trochaic octonarius.
2641.(2.) The Scazon was introduced among the Greeks by Hipponax, whence it is sometimes called the Hipponactean. Varro seems to be the only Roman poet who uses it.
The Nine-syllabled Alcaic.
2642.This verse consists of two complete trochaic dipodies, with anacrusis. The second foot is always an irrational spondee. The scheme is:—
⏑͐⁞–́ ⏑ | –̇ > | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑
⏑͐⁞–́ ⏑ | –̇ > | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑
An example is:—
Sil|vaé la|bōran|tḗs ge|lūque.(H. 1, 9, 3.)
Sil|vaé la|bōran|tḗs ge|lūque.(H. 1, 9, 3.)
This verse occurs only in Horace, where it forms the third line of the Alcaic Strophe (see2736).
The Trochaic Dimeter Acatalectic(orQuaternarius).
2643.This verse consists of two complete trochaic dipodies. It is very rare, but there are probably a few instances of it in Plautus, e.g.Per.31:—
Básili|c(ō) accipi|ḗre | vīctū⏑́ ⏑ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑
Básili|c(ō) accipi|ḗre | vīctū
⏑́ ⏑ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑
The Trochaic Dimeter Catalectic(orTernarius).
2644.This consists of two trochaic dipodies, the second being incomplete. It occurs in the early dramatists and in Horace. The scheme for Plautus and Terence is:—
The Horatian scheme is:—
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –̇ ⌃
Examples are:—
Aút un|d(e) auxili|úm pe|tam(T.Ph.729).
Aút un|d(e) auxili|úm pe|tam(T.Ph.729).
Nṓn e|bur ne|qu(e) aúre|um(H. 2, 18, 1).
Nṓn e|bur ne|qu(e) aúre|um(H. 2, 18, 1).
2645.(1.) This is sometimes called the Euripidean verse, from its use by Euripides. The tribrach in the third foot is rare, and is not found in Terence. Horace keeps all the feet pure.
2646.(2.) Plautus and Terence often use this verse between trochaic tetrameters, but sometimes employ severalTernariiin succession, as in Plaut.E.3-6,Cas.953-6,Ps.211-13.
The Trochaic Tripody Acatalectic.
2647.This verse is confined to the early drama, where it is employed as aclausula(2536), especially with Cretics. It consists of three complete trochaic feet. The same substitutions are admitted in every foot that are allowed in the first two feet of the Ternarius (2644). An example is:—
Haú bonŭm | teneō | sérvom–́ ⏑ ⏑ | ⏑̇ ⏑ > | –́ ⏑(Pl.Most.721).
Haú bonŭm | teneō | sérvom
–́ ⏑ ⏑ | ⏑̇ ⏑ > | –́ ⏑(Pl.Most.721).
This verse is sometimes called theIthyphallic.
The Trochaic Tripody Catalectic.
2648.This verse is employed by the early dramatists, usually either as aclausula(2536) or in groups of two lines each. Terence generally uses it in the former way, Plautus in the latter. The scheme of substitutions is:—
Example:—
Qu(ī) ímpi|ger fu|ī́–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⌃(Pl.R.925).
Qu(ī) ímpi|ger fu|ī́
–́ ⏑ | –̇ ⏑ | –́ ⌃(Pl.R.925).
In one instance (R.924 ff.) Plautus has six catalectic tripodies in succession.
Other Trochaic Verses.
2649.The Trochaic Monometer Acatalectic is sometimes used by Plautus as aclausula(2536) to Cretic tetrameters., It consists of one complete trochaic dipody, e.g.nímis in|epta’ s,R.681.iū́re in|iūstās,Am.247. Terence uses thecatalecticmonometer twice (Eu.292,Ph.485) at the beginning of a scene, e.g.Dṓri|ō,Ph.485. Plautus has a few other trochaic verses and combinations of verses, for which see special editions of his plays.
2650.Logaoedic verse consists of dactyls and trochees combined in the same metrical series. The dactyls are “cyclic” (see2523), occupying approximately the time of trochees, and hence the verse moves in 3/8 time. Except in the “Lesser Alcaic” verse (2663), only one dactyl may stand in a single series; and a dactyl must not occupy the last place in a line.
2651.(1.) The name “logaoedic” (Gr.λογαοιδικός, fromλόγος,speech,prose, andἀοιδή,song) may refer to the apparent change of rhythm (due to the mixture of dactyls and trochees), in which logaoedic verse resembles prose; but this is a disputed point.
2652.(2.) In the logaoedic verses of Horace, an irrational spondee almost always takes the place of a trochee before the first dactyl; and if an apparent choriambus (–́ ⏑ ⏑ | ⏗́; see2521) is followed by another apparent choriambus in the same verse, the two are regularly separated by a caesura. These rules are not observed by Catullus.
2653.(3.) Anacrusis (2529) and syncope (2541) are very common in logaoedic verse.
2654.The following are the principal logaoedic rhythms:—
DIPODY.
The Adonic.
2655.This is a logaoedic dipody, with the scheme:—
–́ ⏖ | –́ ⏑
–́ ⏖ | –́ ⏑
Examples are:—
Térruit | úrbem(H. 1, 2, 4).
Térruit | úrbem(H. 1, 2, 4).
Rā́ra iu|véntus(H. 1, 2, 24).
Rā́ra iu|véntus(H. 1, 2, 24).
2656.(1.) Some regard the Adonic as a syncopated catalectic tripody:
–́ ⏖ | ⏗́ | –́ ⌃
–́ ⏖ | ⏗́ | –́ ⌃
2657.(2.) A Latin Adonic should consist of a disyllable + a trisyllable, or the reverse. This rule did not hold in Greek, where such lines occur asὦ τὸν Ἄδωνιν. Elision is not allowed in the Latin Adonic. Late Latin poets (like Terentianus) sometimes employ the Adonic in stichic series (2546).
TRIPODIES.
The Aristophanic.
2658.This is a logaoedic tripody acatalectic, with a dactyl in the first place. The scheme is therefore:—
–́ ⏑ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –́ ⏑
–́ ⏑ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | –́ ⏑
There is no fixed caesura. Examples are:—
Quíd latet | út ma|rī́nae(H. 1, 8, 13).
Quíd latet | út ma|rī́nae(H. 1, 8, 13).
Fū́nera | nḗ vi|rī́lis(H. 1, 8, 15).
Fū́nera | nḗ vi|rī́lis(H. 1, 8, 15).
Some authorities write the scheme as:
–́ ⏑ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –́ ⌃
–́ ⏑ ⏑ | –́ ⏑ | ⏗́ | –́ ⌃
i.e. a syncopated logaoedic tetrapody catalectic.
The Pherecratean(orPherecratic).
2659.This verse is used by Catullus (34,61), and by Horace (as the third line of the Third Asclepiadean Strophe: see2733). It is a logaoedic tripody, with the dactyl in the second place. The scheme is:—
The trochee and iambus are admitted in the first foot by Catullus, but not by Horace. The iambus is very rare. There is no fixed caesura. Examples are:—
Grā́tō, | Pýrrha, sub | ántrō(H. 1, 5, 3).
Grā́tō, | Pýrrha, sub | ántrō(H. 1, 5, 3).
With initial trochee:Lū́te|úmve pa|pā́ver(Cat. 61,195).
With initial trochee:Lū́te|úmve pa|pā́ver
(Cat. 61,195).
With initial iambus:Púel|laéque ca|nā́mus(Cat. 34, 4).
With initial iambus:Púel|laéque ca|nā́mus
(Cat. 34, 4).
Some authorities prefer to regard the Pherecratean as a syncopated logaoedic tetrapody catalectic, with the scheme:—
TETRAPODIES.
The Glyconic.
2660.This verse is used by Catullus (34,61), by Horace (in the First, Second, and Third Asclepiadean Strophes: see2731,2732,2733), and by Seneca and other later writers. It is a logaoedic tetrapody catalectic, with a dactyl in the second place. The scheme is:—
The trochee and iambus in the first foot occur in Catullus, but not in Horace (except in the doubtful case, 1, 15, 36). There is generally a trithemimeral caesura; more rarely one in the arsis of the second foot. Examples are:—
Quém mor|tís ‖ timu|ít gra|dúm(H. 1, 3, 17).
Quém mor|tís ‖ timu|ít gra|dúm(H. 1, 3, 17).
With initial trochee:Mónti|úm ‖ domi|n(a) út fo|rḗs(Cat. 34, 9).
With initial trochee:Mónti|úm ‖ domi|n(a) út fo|rḗs(Cat. 34, 9).
With initial iambus:Púel|l(ae) ét ‖ pue|r(ī) ínte|grī́(Cat. 34, 2).
With initial iambus:Púel|l(ae) ét ‖ pue|r(ī) ínte|grī́(Cat. 34, 2).
2661.(1.) This verse in composition with the Pherecratean forms thePriapean(2674).
2662.(2.) In admitting the trochee and iambus in the first foot, Catullus follows Greek models, while Horace adheres to the stricter Roman usage, as laid down by the grammarians of his own day. Seneca observes the same rule as Horace, but some of the later writers (e.g. Terentianus) revert to the earlier and freer usage.
The Lesser (orDecasyllabic) Alcaic.
2663.This verse is a logaoedic tetrapody acatalectic, with dactyls in the first and second places. The scheme is:—
–́ ⏖ | –́ ⏖ | –́ ⏑ | –́ ⏑
–́ ⏖ | –́ ⏖ | –́ ⏑ | –́ ⏑
There is no fixed caesura, though there is frequently a break after the thesis, or in the arsis, of the second foot. Examples are:—
Flū́mina | cṓnstite|rínt a|cūtō(H. 1, 9, 4).
Flū́mina | cṓnstite|rínt a|cūtō(H. 1, 9, 4).
Móntibus | ét Tibe|rím re|vértī(H. 1, 29, 12).
Móntibus | ét Tibe|rím re|vértī(H. 1, 29, 12).
PENTAPODIES.
The Phalaecean(orHendecasyllable).
2664.This verse is a logaoedic pentapody with the dactyl in the second place. The Greek poets admitted the trochee and iambus, as well as the spondee, in the first foot, and Catullus followed their example; but in Petronius, Martial, and thePriāpēathe first foot is always a spondee, and in later writers nearly always. Horace does not use the Phalaecean. There is no fixed caesura, though the penthemimeral is often found. The scheme is:—
Examples are:—
Cúius | vī́s fie|rī́ li|bélle | mū́nus(Mart. 3, 2, 1).
Cúius | vī́s fie|rī́ li|bélle | mū́nus(Mart. 3, 2, 1).
With initial trochee:Dḗ di|ḗ faci|tís me|ī́ so|dā́lēs(Cat. 47, 6).
With initial trochee:Dḗ di|ḗ faci|tís me|ī́ so|dā́lēs(Cat. 47, 6).
With initial iambus:Ágit | péssimus | ómni|úm po|ḗta(Cat. 49, 5).
With initial iambus:Ágit | péssimus | ómni|úm po|ḗta(Cat. 49, 5).
Compare in English:—
“Look, I come to the test, a tiny poemAll composed in a metre of Catullus.”(Tennyson.)
“Look, I come to the test, a tiny poem
All composed in a metre of Catullus.”(Tennyson.)
2665.The Phalaecean is a favourite metre in epigrams. It was used by Sappho, Phalaecus (from whom it took its name), and other Greek poets, and was introduced into Roman poetry by Laevius and Varro. It is a favourite metre with Catullus, and is found in the fragments of Cinna, Cornificius and Bibaculus, in thePriāpēa, in Petronius, Statius, Martial, &c. In Catullus 55, a spondee is often employed instead of the dactyl, the two kinds of feet alternating in the latter verses of the poem; but this innovation seems not to have found favour.
The Lesser Sapphic.
2666.This verse is a logaoedic pentapody acatalectic, with the dactyl in the third place. The scheme is:—
The trochee in the second foot was admitted by Alcaeus and Sappho, and occurs in Catullus, but not in Horace. In Horace the caesura regularly falls after the thesis, or (less frequently) in the arsis, of the dactyl; but in Catullus, as in Sappho and Alcaeus, it has no fixed position. Examples of this verse are:—
With masculine caesura:Iám sa|tís ter|rī́s ‖ nivis | átque | dī́rae(H. 1, 2, 1).
With masculine caesura:Iám sa|tís ter|rī́s ‖ nivis | átque | dī́rae(H. 1, 2, 1).
With feminine caesura:Phoébe | sílvā|rúmque ‖ po|tḗns Di|ā́na(H.C. S.1).
With feminine caesura:Phoébe | sílvā|rúmque ‖ po|tḗns Di|ā́na(H.C. S.1).
With trochee in second foot:Seú Sa|cā́s sa|gíttife|rṓsve | Párthōs(Cat. 11, 6).
With trochee in second foot:Seú Sa|cā́s sa|gíttife|rṓsve | Párthōs(Cat. 11, 6).
The Greater (orHendecasyllabic) Alcaic.
2667.This verse is a logaoedic pentapody catalectic, with anacrusis and with the dactyl in the third foot. The scheme is:—