FINIS.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY
First Year(1946-47)
Numbers 1-6 out of print.
Second Year(1947-1948)
7. John Gay'sThe Present State of Wit(1711); and a section on Wit fromThe English Theophrastus(1702).
8. Rapin'sDe Carmine Pastorali, translated by Creech (1684).
9. T. Hanmer's (?)Some Remarks on the Tragedy of Hamlet(1736).
10. Corbyn Morris'Essay towards Fixing the True Standards of Wit, etc.(1744).
11. Thomas Purney'sDiscourse on the Pastoral(1717).
12. Essays on the Stage, selected, with an Introduction by Joseph Wood Krutch.
Third Year(1948-1949)
13. Sir John Falstaff (pseud.),The Theatre(1720).
14. Edward Moore'sThe Gamester(1753).
15. John Oldmixon'sReflections on Dr. Swift's Letter to Harley(1712); and Arthur Mainwaring'sThe British Academy(1712).
16. Nevil Payne'sFatal Jealousy(1673).
17. Nicholas Rowe'sSome Account of the Life of Mr. William Shakespeare(1709).
18. "Of Genius," inThe Occasional Paper, Vol. III, No. 10 (1719); and Aaron Hill's Preface toThe Creation(1720).
Fourth Year(1949-1950)
19. Susanna Centlivre'sThe Busie Body(1709).
20. Lewis Theobold'sPreface to The Works of Shakespeare(1734).
21.Critical Remarks on Sir Charles Grandison, Clarissa, and Pamela(1754).
22. Samuel Johnson'sThe Vanity of Human Wishes(1749) and TwoRamblerpapers (1750).
23. John Dryden'sHis Majesties Declaration Defended(1681).
24. Pierre Nicole'sAn Essay on True and Apparent Beauty in Which from Settled Principles is Rendered the Grounds for Choosing and Rejecting Epigrams, translated by J. V. Cunningham.
Fifth Year(1950-51)
25. Thomas Baker'sThe Fine Lady's Airs(1709).
26. Charles Macklin'sThe Man of the World(1792).
27. Frances Reynolds'An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Taste, and of the Origin of Our Ideas of Beauty, etc.(1785).
28. John Evelyn'sAn Apologie for the Royal Party(1659); andA Panegyric to Charles the Second(1661).
29. Daniel Defoe'sA Vindication of the Press(1718).
30. Essays on Taste from John Gilbert Cooper'sLetters Concerning Taste, 3rd edition (1757), & John Armstrong'sMiscellanies(1770).
Sixth Year(1951-1952)
31. Thomas Gray'sAn Elegy Wrote in a Country Church Yard(1751); andThe Eton College Manuscript.
32. Prefaces to Fiction; Georges de Scudéry's Preface toIbrahim(1674), etc.
33. Henry Gally'sA Critical Essay on Characteristic-Writings(1725).
34. Thomas Tyers' A Biographical Sketch of Dr. Samuel Johnson (1785).
35. James Boswell, Andrew Erskine, and George Dempster.Critical Strictures on the New Tragedy of Elvira, Written by Mr. David Malloch(1763).
36. Joseph Harris'sThe City Bride(1696).
37. Thomas Morrison'sA Pindarick Ode on Painting(1767).
38. John Phillips'A Satyr Against Hypocrites.
39. Thomas Warton'sA History of English Poetry.
40. Edward Bysshe'sThe Art of English Poetry.
William Andrews Clark Memorial Library: University of California
The Augustan Reprint Society
The Societyexists to make available inexpensive reprints (usually facsimile reproductions) of rare seventeenth and eighteenth century works. The editorial policy of the Society remains unchanged. As in the past, the editors welcome suggestions concerning publications. All income of the Society is devoted to defraying cost of publication and mailing.
All correspondence concerning subscriptions in the United States and Canada should be addressed to the William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, 2205 West Adams Boulevard, Los Angeles 18, California. Correspondence concerning editorial matters may be addressed to any of the general editors. The membership fee is $3.00 a year for subscribers in the United States and Canada and 15/- for subscribers in Great Britain and Europe. British and European subscribers should address B. H. Blackwell, Broad Street, Oxford, England.
Publications for the seventh year [1952-1953]
(At least six items, most of them from the following list, will be reprinted.)
Selections from the Tatler, the Spectator, the Guardian.Introduction by Donald F. Bond.
Bernard Mandeville:A Letter to Dion(1732). Introduction by Jacob Viner.
M. C. Sarbiewski:The Odes of Casimire(1646), Introduction by Maren-Sofie Rœstvig.
An Essay on the New Species of Writing Founded by Mr. Fielding(1751). Introduction by James A. Work.
[Thomas Morrison]:A Pindarick Ode on Painting(1767). Introduction by Frederick W. Hilles.
[John Phillips]:Satyr Against Hypocrits(1655). Introduction by Leon Howard.
Prefaces to Fiction.Second series. Selected with an introduction by Charles Davies.
Thomas Warton:A History of English Poetry: An Unpublished Continuation. Introduction by Rodney M. Baine.
Publications for the first six years (with the exception ofNOS.1-6, which are out of print) are available at the rate of $3.00 a year. Prices for individual numbers may be obtained by writing to the Society.
Fancy divider
THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETYWILLIAM ANDREWS CLARK MEMORIAL LIBRARY2205 West Adams Boulevard, Los Angeles 18, California
Make check or money order payable toThe Regents of the University of California.
Footnotes
1In its only foreign language translation, theLetter, somewhat abbreviated, is appended to the German translation ofThe Fable of the Beesby Otto Bobertag,Mandevilles Bienenfabel, Munich, 1914, pp. 349-398.
2Berkeley again criticized Mandeville inA Discourse Addressed to Magistrates, [1736],Works, A. C. Fraser ed., Oxford, 1871, III. 424.
3A Vindication of the Reverend D—— B—y, London, 1734, applies toAlciphronthe comment of Shaftesbury that reverend authors who resort to dialogue form may "perhaps, find means to laugh gentlemen into their religion, who have unfortunately been laughed out of it." See Alfred Owen Aldridge, "Shaftesbury and the Deist Manifesto,"Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series, XLI (1951), Part 2, p. 358.
4Francis Hutcheson, a fellow-townsman of Berkeley, had previously made these points against Mandeville's treatment of luxury in letters to theDublin Journalin 1726, (reprinted in Hutcheson,Reflections upon Laughter, and Remarks upon the Fable of the Bees, Glasgow, 1750, pp. 61-63, and in James Arbuckle,Hibernicus' Letters, London, 1729, Letter 46). InThe Fable of the Bees, Mandeville concedes that gifts to charity would support employment as much as would equivalent expenditures on luxuries, but argues that in practice the gifts would not be made.
5[Lord Hervey],Some Remarks on the Minute Philosopher, London, 1732, pp. 22-23, 42-50.
6Alciphron, or the Minute Philosopher, T. E. Jessop, ed., inThe Works of George Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne. Edited by A. A. Luce and T. E. Jessop. London, etc., III. (1950), 9-10.
7In his edition ofThe Fable of the Bees, Oxford, 1924, II. 415-416. All subsequent references toThe Fable of the Beeswill be to this edition.
8Fable of the Bees, I. 48-49.
9All page references placed in the main text of this introduction are to theLetter to Dion.
10Fable of the Bees, II. 411. I, lxi, I, lvi.
11Ibid., I. li, I. lv, I. cxxi.
12Ibid.I. cxxiv, note.
13For example, Kaye cites from Blewitt, a critic of Mandeville, this passage: "nothing can make a Man honest or virtuous but a Regard tosomereligious or moral Principles" and characterizes it as "precisely the rigorist position from which Mandeville was arguing when he asserted that our so-called virtues were really vices, because not basedonlyon this regard to principle." (Ibid.II. 411. The italics in both cases are mine). The passage from Blewitt is not, of itself, manifestly rigoristic, while the position attributed to Mandeville is rigorism at its most extreme.
As further evidence of the prevalence of rigorism, Kaye cites from Thomas Fuller the following passage: "corrupt nature (which without thy restraining grace will have a Vent.)"Ibid.I. cxxi, note. But in Calvinist theology "restraining grace," which was not a "purifying" grace, operated to make some men who were not purged of sin lead a serviceable social life. (See John Calvin,Institutes of the Christian Religion, Bk. II, Ch. III, () 3, pp. I. 315-316 of the "Seventh American Edition," Philadelphia, n.d.) As I understand it, the role of "restraining grace" in Calvinist doctrine is similar to that of "honnêteté" in Jansenist doctrine, referred toinfra. The rascals whom Mandeville finds useful to society are not to be identified either with those endowed with the "restraining grace" of the Calvinists or with the "honnêtes hommes" of the Jansenists.
For other instances of disregard by Kaye of the variations in substance and degree of the rigorism of genuine rigorists, seeibid.II. 403-406, II. 415-416.
14See especially F. B. Kaye, "The Influence of Bernard Mandeville,"Studies in Philology, XIX (1922), 90-102.
15Cf. Denziger-Bannwart,Enchiridion Symbolorum. (See index of any edition under "Baius," "Fénelon," "Iansen," "Iansenistae," "Quesnell.")
16The most pertinent writings of Nicole for present purposes were his essays, "De la charité & de l'amour-propre," "De la grandeur," and "Sur l'évangile du Jeudi-Saint," which in the edition of his works published by Guillaume Desprez, Paris, 1755-1768, under the titleEssais de morale, are to be found in volumes III, VI, and XI.
17For a similar distinction by Bayle betweenhonnêtes hommeswho are not of the elect and the outright rascals, see Pierre Bayle,Dictionaire historique et critiqué. 5th ed., Amsterdam, 1740, "Éclaircissement sur les obscénités," IV. () iv, p. 649.
18Fable of the Bees, I. 19.
19In the French versions of 1740 and 1750, the title,The Fable of the Bees: or, Private Vices, Publick Benefits, is translated asLa fable des abeilles ou les fripons devenus honnestes gens.
For the "honnête homme" in 17th and 18th century usage as intermediate between a knave and a saint, see M. Magendie,La politesse mondaine et les théories de l'honnêteté en France, Paris, n.d., (ca. 1925), and William Empson,The Structure of Complex Words, London, 1951, ch. 9, "Honest Man."
20Kaye in a note to this parable,Fable of the Bees, I. 238, cites as relevant,I Cor. x. 31; "Whether therefore ye eat, or drink, or whatsoever ye do, do all to the glory of God." Even more relevant, I believe, isDeut. xxix. 19, where, in the King James version, the sinner boasts: "I shall have peace, though I walk in the imagination of mine heart, to add drunkenness to thirst."
21"Pensées diverses sur la foi, et sur les vices opposés,"Oeuvres de Bourdaloue, Paris, 1840, III. 362-363.
22John Plamenatz,The British Utilitarians, Oxford and New York, 1949, pp. 48-49.
23Helvétius,De l'esprit, Discours II. Ch. XXIV. In the French version ofThe Fable of the Bees, the phrasing is almost identical: SeeLa fable des abeilles, Paris, 1750, e.g. II. 261: "ménagés avec dextérité par d'habiles politiques." When the Sorbonne, in 1759, condemnedDe l'esprit, it citedThe Fable of the Beesas among the works which could have inspired it. (F. Grégoire.Bernard De Mandeville, Nancy, 1947, p. 206).
Kaye, in his "The Influence of Bernard Mandeville," (loc. cit., p. 102), says thatDe l'esprit"Is in many ways simply a French paraphrase ofThe Fable." In his edition ofThe Fable of the Bees, however, he says, "I think we may conclude no more than that Helvétius had probably readThe Fable." (Fable of the Bees, I. CXLV, Note). Kaye systematically fails to notice the significance of Mandeville's emphasis on the rôle of the "skilful Politician."
24Mr. Dennis.
25Dr. Fiddes's Treatise of Morality, Pref. Page XIX.