SECTION VI.Parāçara said:—O Brahman, there are some hells below the earth and the waters into which sinners fall. I shall give you an account, O great Muni.The names of the various hells are: Raurava, Sukara, Rodha, Tala, Visāsana, Mahajwala, Taptakumbha, Lavana, Vimohana, Rudhirāndha, Vaitarani, Krimishā, Krimibhojana, Asipatravana, Krishna, Lalābhaksha, Daruna, Puyavāha, Pāpa, Vahnijwala, Adhosiras, Sandansa, Kālasutra, Tamas, Avichi, Swabhojana, Apratishtha, and another Avichi. These are the dreadful hells constituting the various provinces of the kingdom of Yama dreadful with his instruments of torture, into which are hurled down those persons, who are addicted to sinful actions.Those who give false evidence, those who act as mediators through partiality, those who speak untruth, are thrown into the Raurava (dreadful) hell. He, who causes abortion, devastates a town, kills a cow, or strangles a man to death goes to the Rodha hell (or that of obstruction). He who drinks intoxicating liquors, destroys a Brāhmana, steals gold or associates with them who perpetrate these crimes, goes to the Sukara (swine) hell. He, who murders a Kshatriya or a Vaiçya or commits adultery with the wife of his preceptor, is despatched to the Tālā (padlock) hell. And one, who holds incestuous intercourse with his sister or slays royal emissary, goes to Taptakumbha (heated jar) hell. One, who sells his chaste wife, the jailor, one who deals in horses and forsakes his followers, is sent to Taptalohā (red-hot iron) hell. One who commits incest with a daughter-in-law and daughter is sent into Mahajawla hell. That vile of a man who disrespects his spiritual guide or his betters, who reviles the Vedas or sells them and who associates with women to whom they should not go, is sent into Lavana hell. A thief and a hater of prescribed rites fall into Vimohana hell. He who disrespects his father, the Brahmanas and the gods, or one who spoils gems, falls into the Krimibhoksha hell. He, who practises magic rites to injure others, falls into Krimisa hell. That vile of a man who takes his meals before offering food to the gods, to the manes and guests is despatched into Lalabhoksha hell (where saliva is given for food.) One who makes arrows is sent into Vidhaka hell. He, who makes lances, swords and other weapons, is sent into the dreadful hell of Visashana (murderous.) He who takes bribes is sent into Adhomukha hell (in which head is inverted) as well as he who offers sacrifices to improper objects and predicts the movements of stars and planets. One who eats alone sweetmeats, a Brāhmana who deals in lac, flesh, liquors, sesamum, or salt, one who commits violence, and those who rear up cats, cocks, goats, dogs, hogs and birds are despatched into hell Puyavaha (or where matter flows.) The Brāhman who leads the life of an actor, fisherman, who depends upon a person born in adultery, who is a prisoner, an informer, one who lives by his wife's immoral habits, who looks to secular affairs on Parva days, who is an incendiary, a faithless friend, a soothsayer, who vends birds, performs religious rites for the rustics, who sells the juice of some trees is thrown into Rudhirandha hell (whose wells are blood). He, who spoils honey or devastates a village, is sent into Vaitarani hell. He, who causes impotence, trespasses upon others' lands, is impure and lives on magic rites, is sent into the Krishna hell (black). He who uselessly cuts down trees goes to Asipatravana hell; Those who tend on sheep, those who hunt deer and those who give fire to unbaked vessels are sent to Vahnijwāla hell or of fiery flame. One, who violates his own vow or transgresses the rules of his own order, goes into the Sandansana (or the hell of pincers.) The religious student who sleeps in the day and becomes defiled and those who receive instruction from their children go to the hell called Swābhojana (where they feed upon dogs).Besides these there are hundreds and thousands of other hells, where persons, perpetrating diverse iniquities, are visited with various punishments. There are thousands of hells like the numberless crimes committed by men, in which they are punished according to the nature of their offences. And those who swerve from the obligations laid upon them by their caste or order, in thought, word or deed are thrown into these hells. The celestials are seen by those who are thrown into these hells, with their own heads inverted and the celestials also behold the inhabitants of hell with their heads downwards. After undergoing the sufferings of hell the sinners go through the various stages of existence, namely:—inanimate things, the aquatic animals, birds, animals, men, pious men, gods and liberated spirits. O great sage, each of these stages is in succession a thousand degrees superior to that which precedes it. People go through these stages until they obtain emancipation. There are as many inhabitants in hell as are in heaven: those who commit sin and do not make an expiation of guilt proceed to hell. Becoming acts of expiation for every short of iniquity have been laid down by the great sages. O Maitreya, Swayambhuba and others have dictated severe penances for great crimes, and light ones for ordinary offences. Amongst the numerous arduous penances laid down by them, the remembrance of Hari is the foremost. For them, who are penitent after having committed many iniquities, the greatest penance is the remembrance of Hari. If a man meditates upon Hari either in the morning, at sunset, midday or at night he is released from all sins. By meditating upon Vishnu he is released from the heap of worldly afflictions. He obtains final emancipation considering even heaven as impediment. He, whose mind is devoted to Vāsudeva in prayer, burnt offering or adoration, considers, O Maitreya, even the dignity of Indra as an obstacle to the acquirement of final liberation. What is the use of going to heaven whence it is necessary to come back to earth? And how different is the meditation of Vāsudeva which leads to final liberation. Therefore, O Muni, the man, who meditates upon Vāsudeva day and night, is released from all sins and does not go to Naraka after death. O foremost of twice-born ones, that which gives delight to mind is heaven, and that which gives pain is hell, hence vice is denominated as hell and virtue as heaven. The self-same thing some times gives delight, sometimes produces pains, sometimes excites jealousy and sometimes anger. Therefore every thing (in this world) is the source of miseries.[235]The same thing at one time brings on anger and again conduces to our delight. Therefore nothing in itself is either pleasurable or painful; pleasure, pain and the like merely denominate the various states of the mind. Therefore true wisdom consists only in the knowledge of Brahmā, which brings on confinement to the world. True wisdom pervades through the whole universe and there is the existence of no other thing but this; ignorance and knowledge are therefore comprised in true wisdom, O Maitreya. O twice-born one, I have thus described to you the entire earth, all the divisions of the region under the earth and the hells, the oceans, the mountains, the insular continents, and the rivers. I have described all to you in short, what again do you hear?[235]There is another readingVastu Vastatmakan kuta: which when translated stands as "Whence they can be considered as essentially the same with the either".
SECTION VI.Parāçara said:—O Brahman, there are some hells below the earth and the waters into which sinners fall. I shall give you an account, O great Muni.The names of the various hells are: Raurava, Sukara, Rodha, Tala, Visāsana, Mahajwala, Taptakumbha, Lavana, Vimohana, Rudhirāndha, Vaitarani, Krimishā, Krimibhojana, Asipatravana, Krishna, Lalābhaksha, Daruna, Puyavāha, Pāpa, Vahnijwala, Adhosiras, Sandansa, Kālasutra, Tamas, Avichi, Swabhojana, Apratishtha, and another Avichi. These are the dreadful hells constituting the various provinces of the kingdom of Yama dreadful with his instruments of torture, into which are hurled down those persons, who are addicted to sinful actions.Those who give false evidence, those who act as mediators through partiality, those who speak untruth, are thrown into the Raurava (dreadful) hell. He, who causes abortion, devastates a town, kills a cow, or strangles a man to death goes to the Rodha hell (or that of obstruction). He who drinks intoxicating liquors, destroys a Brāhmana, steals gold or associates with them who perpetrate these crimes, goes to the Sukara (swine) hell. He, who murders a Kshatriya or a Vaiçya or commits adultery with the wife of his preceptor, is despatched to the Tālā (padlock) hell. And one, who holds incestuous intercourse with his sister or slays royal emissary, goes to Taptakumbha (heated jar) hell. One, who sells his chaste wife, the jailor, one who deals in horses and forsakes his followers, is sent to Taptalohā (red-hot iron) hell. One who commits incest with a daughter-in-law and daughter is sent into Mahajawla hell. That vile of a man who disrespects his spiritual guide or his betters, who reviles the Vedas or sells them and who associates with women to whom they should not go, is sent into Lavana hell. A thief and a hater of prescribed rites fall into Vimohana hell. He who disrespects his father, the Brahmanas and the gods, or one who spoils gems, falls into the Krimibhoksha hell. He, who practises magic rites to injure others, falls into Krimisa hell. That vile of a man who takes his meals before offering food to the gods, to the manes and guests is despatched into Lalabhoksha hell (where saliva is given for food.) One who makes arrows is sent into Vidhaka hell. He, who makes lances, swords and other weapons, is sent into the dreadful hell of Visashana (murderous.) He who takes bribes is sent into Adhomukha hell (in which head is inverted) as well as he who offers sacrifices to improper objects and predicts the movements of stars and planets. One who eats alone sweetmeats, a Brāhmana who deals in lac, flesh, liquors, sesamum, or salt, one who commits violence, and those who rear up cats, cocks, goats, dogs, hogs and birds are despatched into hell Puyavaha (or where matter flows.) The Brāhman who leads the life of an actor, fisherman, who depends upon a person born in adultery, who is a prisoner, an informer, one who lives by his wife's immoral habits, who looks to secular affairs on Parva days, who is an incendiary, a faithless friend, a soothsayer, who vends birds, performs religious rites for the rustics, who sells the juice of some trees is thrown into Rudhirandha hell (whose wells are blood). He, who spoils honey or devastates a village, is sent into Vaitarani hell. He, who causes impotence, trespasses upon others' lands, is impure and lives on magic rites, is sent into the Krishna hell (black). He who uselessly cuts down trees goes to Asipatravana hell; Those who tend on sheep, those who hunt deer and those who give fire to unbaked vessels are sent to Vahnijwāla hell or of fiery flame. One, who violates his own vow or transgresses the rules of his own order, goes into the Sandansana (or the hell of pincers.) The religious student who sleeps in the day and becomes defiled and those who receive instruction from their children go to the hell called Swābhojana (where they feed upon dogs).Besides these there are hundreds and thousands of other hells, where persons, perpetrating diverse iniquities, are visited with various punishments. There are thousands of hells like the numberless crimes committed by men, in which they are punished according to the nature of their offences. And those who swerve from the obligations laid upon them by their caste or order, in thought, word or deed are thrown into these hells. The celestials are seen by those who are thrown into these hells, with their own heads inverted and the celestials also behold the inhabitants of hell with their heads downwards. After undergoing the sufferings of hell the sinners go through the various stages of existence, namely:—inanimate things, the aquatic animals, birds, animals, men, pious men, gods and liberated spirits. O great sage, each of these stages is in succession a thousand degrees superior to that which precedes it. People go through these stages until they obtain emancipation. There are as many inhabitants in hell as are in heaven: those who commit sin and do not make an expiation of guilt proceed to hell. Becoming acts of expiation for every short of iniquity have been laid down by the great sages. O Maitreya, Swayambhuba and others have dictated severe penances for great crimes, and light ones for ordinary offences. Amongst the numerous arduous penances laid down by them, the remembrance of Hari is the foremost. For them, who are penitent after having committed many iniquities, the greatest penance is the remembrance of Hari. If a man meditates upon Hari either in the morning, at sunset, midday or at night he is released from all sins. By meditating upon Vishnu he is released from the heap of worldly afflictions. He obtains final emancipation considering even heaven as impediment. He, whose mind is devoted to Vāsudeva in prayer, burnt offering or adoration, considers, O Maitreya, even the dignity of Indra as an obstacle to the acquirement of final liberation. What is the use of going to heaven whence it is necessary to come back to earth? And how different is the meditation of Vāsudeva which leads to final liberation. Therefore, O Muni, the man, who meditates upon Vāsudeva day and night, is released from all sins and does not go to Naraka after death. O foremost of twice-born ones, that which gives delight to mind is heaven, and that which gives pain is hell, hence vice is denominated as hell and virtue as heaven. The self-same thing some times gives delight, sometimes produces pains, sometimes excites jealousy and sometimes anger. Therefore every thing (in this world) is the source of miseries.[235]The same thing at one time brings on anger and again conduces to our delight. Therefore nothing in itself is either pleasurable or painful; pleasure, pain and the like merely denominate the various states of the mind. Therefore true wisdom consists only in the knowledge of Brahmā, which brings on confinement to the world. True wisdom pervades through the whole universe and there is the existence of no other thing but this; ignorance and knowledge are therefore comprised in true wisdom, O Maitreya. O twice-born one, I have thus described to you the entire earth, all the divisions of the region under the earth and the hells, the oceans, the mountains, the insular continents, and the rivers. I have described all to you in short, what again do you hear?[235]There is another readingVastu Vastatmakan kuta: which when translated stands as "Whence they can be considered as essentially the same with the either".
SECTION VI.Parāçara said:—O Brahman, there are some hells below the earth and the waters into which sinners fall. I shall give you an account, O great Muni.The names of the various hells are: Raurava, Sukara, Rodha, Tala, Visāsana, Mahajwala, Taptakumbha, Lavana, Vimohana, Rudhirāndha, Vaitarani, Krimishā, Krimibhojana, Asipatravana, Krishna, Lalābhaksha, Daruna, Puyavāha, Pāpa, Vahnijwala, Adhosiras, Sandansa, Kālasutra, Tamas, Avichi, Swabhojana, Apratishtha, and another Avichi. These are the dreadful hells constituting the various provinces of the kingdom of Yama dreadful with his instruments of torture, into which are hurled down those persons, who are addicted to sinful actions.Those who give false evidence, those who act as mediators through partiality, those who speak untruth, are thrown into the Raurava (dreadful) hell. He, who causes abortion, devastates a town, kills a cow, or strangles a man to death goes to the Rodha hell (or that of obstruction). He who drinks intoxicating liquors, destroys a Brāhmana, steals gold or associates with them who perpetrate these crimes, goes to the Sukara (swine) hell. He, who murders a Kshatriya or a Vaiçya or commits adultery with the wife of his preceptor, is despatched to the Tālā (padlock) hell. And one, who holds incestuous intercourse with his sister or slays royal emissary, goes to Taptakumbha (heated jar) hell. One, who sells his chaste wife, the jailor, one who deals in horses and forsakes his followers, is sent to Taptalohā (red-hot iron) hell. One who commits incest with a daughter-in-law and daughter is sent into Mahajawla hell. That vile of a man who disrespects his spiritual guide or his betters, who reviles the Vedas or sells them and who associates with women to whom they should not go, is sent into Lavana hell. A thief and a hater of prescribed rites fall into Vimohana hell. He who disrespects his father, the Brahmanas and the gods, or one who spoils gems, falls into the Krimibhoksha hell. He, who practises magic rites to injure others, falls into Krimisa hell. That vile of a man who takes his meals before offering food to the gods, to the manes and guests is despatched into Lalabhoksha hell (where saliva is given for food.) One who makes arrows is sent into Vidhaka hell. He, who makes lances, swords and other weapons, is sent into the dreadful hell of Visashana (murderous.) He who takes bribes is sent into Adhomukha hell (in which head is inverted) as well as he who offers sacrifices to improper objects and predicts the movements of stars and planets. One who eats alone sweetmeats, a Brāhmana who deals in lac, flesh, liquors, sesamum, or salt, one who commits violence, and those who rear up cats, cocks, goats, dogs, hogs and birds are despatched into hell Puyavaha (or where matter flows.) The Brāhman who leads the life of an actor, fisherman, who depends upon a person born in adultery, who is a prisoner, an informer, one who lives by his wife's immoral habits, who looks to secular affairs on Parva days, who is an incendiary, a faithless friend, a soothsayer, who vends birds, performs religious rites for the rustics, who sells the juice of some trees is thrown into Rudhirandha hell (whose wells are blood). He, who spoils honey or devastates a village, is sent into Vaitarani hell. He, who causes impotence, trespasses upon others' lands, is impure and lives on magic rites, is sent into the Krishna hell (black). He who uselessly cuts down trees goes to Asipatravana hell; Those who tend on sheep, those who hunt deer and those who give fire to unbaked vessels are sent to Vahnijwāla hell or of fiery flame. One, who violates his own vow or transgresses the rules of his own order, goes into the Sandansana (or the hell of pincers.) The religious student who sleeps in the day and becomes defiled and those who receive instruction from their children go to the hell called Swābhojana (where they feed upon dogs).Besides these there are hundreds and thousands of other hells, where persons, perpetrating diverse iniquities, are visited with various punishments. There are thousands of hells like the numberless crimes committed by men, in which they are punished according to the nature of their offences. And those who swerve from the obligations laid upon them by their caste or order, in thought, word or deed are thrown into these hells. The celestials are seen by those who are thrown into these hells, with their own heads inverted and the celestials also behold the inhabitants of hell with their heads downwards. After undergoing the sufferings of hell the sinners go through the various stages of existence, namely:—inanimate things, the aquatic animals, birds, animals, men, pious men, gods and liberated spirits. O great sage, each of these stages is in succession a thousand degrees superior to that which precedes it. People go through these stages until they obtain emancipation. There are as many inhabitants in hell as are in heaven: those who commit sin and do not make an expiation of guilt proceed to hell. Becoming acts of expiation for every short of iniquity have been laid down by the great sages. O Maitreya, Swayambhuba and others have dictated severe penances for great crimes, and light ones for ordinary offences. Amongst the numerous arduous penances laid down by them, the remembrance of Hari is the foremost. For them, who are penitent after having committed many iniquities, the greatest penance is the remembrance of Hari. If a man meditates upon Hari either in the morning, at sunset, midday or at night he is released from all sins. By meditating upon Vishnu he is released from the heap of worldly afflictions. He obtains final emancipation considering even heaven as impediment. He, whose mind is devoted to Vāsudeva in prayer, burnt offering or adoration, considers, O Maitreya, even the dignity of Indra as an obstacle to the acquirement of final liberation. What is the use of going to heaven whence it is necessary to come back to earth? And how different is the meditation of Vāsudeva which leads to final liberation. Therefore, O Muni, the man, who meditates upon Vāsudeva day and night, is released from all sins and does not go to Naraka after death. O foremost of twice-born ones, that which gives delight to mind is heaven, and that which gives pain is hell, hence vice is denominated as hell and virtue as heaven. The self-same thing some times gives delight, sometimes produces pains, sometimes excites jealousy and sometimes anger. Therefore every thing (in this world) is the source of miseries.[235]The same thing at one time brings on anger and again conduces to our delight. Therefore nothing in itself is either pleasurable or painful; pleasure, pain and the like merely denominate the various states of the mind. Therefore true wisdom consists only in the knowledge of Brahmā, which brings on confinement to the world. True wisdom pervades through the whole universe and there is the existence of no other thing but this; ignorance and knowledge are therefore comprised in true wisdom, O Maitreya. O twice-born one, I have thus described to you the entire earth, all the divisions of the region under the earth and the hells, the oceans, the mountains, the insular continents, and the rivers. I have described all to you in short, what again do you hear?[235]There is another readingVastu Vastatmakan kuta: which when translated stands as "Whence they can be considered as essentially the same with the either".
Parāçara said:—O Brahman, there are some hells below the earth and the waters into which sinners fall. I shall give you an account, O great Muni.
The names of the various hells are: Raurava, Sukara, Rodha, Tala, Visāsana, Mahajwala, Taptakumbha, Lavana, Vimohana, Rudhirāndha, Vaitarani, Krimishā, Krimibhojana, Asipatravana, Krishna, Lalābhaksha, Daruna, Puyavāha, Pāpa, Vahnijwala, Adhosiras, Sandansa, Kālasutra, Tamas, Avichi, Swabhojana, Apratishtha, and another Avichi. These are the dreadful hells constituting the various provinces of the kingdom of Yama dreadful with his instruments of torture, into which are hurled down those persons, who are addicted to sinful actions.
Those who give false evidence, those who act as mediators through partiality, those who speak untruth, are thrown into the Raurava (dreadful) hell. He, who causes abortion, devastates a town, kills a cow, or strangles a man to death goes to the Rodha hell (or that of obstruction). He who drinks intoxicating liquors, destroys a Brāhmana, steals gold or associates with them who perpetrate these crimes, goes to the Sukara (swine) hell. He, who murders a Kshatriya or a Vaiçya or commits adultery with the wife of his preceptor, is despatched to the Tālā (padlock) hell. And one, who holds incestuous intercourse with his sister or slays royal emissary, goes to Taptakumbha (heated jar) hell. One, who sells his chaste wife, the jailor, one who deals in horses and forsakes his followers, is sent to Taptalohā (red-hot iron) hell. One who commits incest with a daughter-in-law and daughter is sent into Mahajawla hell. That vile of a man who disrespects his spiritual guide or his betters, who reviles the Vedas or sells them and who associates with women to whom they should not go, is sent into Lavana hell. A thief and a hater of prescribed rites fall into Vimohana hell. He who disrespects his father, the Brahmanas and the gods, or one who spoils gems, falls into the Krimibhoksha hell. He, who practises magic rites to injure others, falls into Krimisa hell. That vile of a man who takes his meals before offering food to the gods, to the manes and guests is despatched into Lalabhoksha hell (where saliva is given for food.) One who makes arrows is sent into Vidhaka hell. He, who makes lances, swords and other weapons, is sent into the dreadful hell of Visashana (murderous.) He who takes bribes is sent into Adhomukha hell (in which head is inverted) as well as he who offers sacrifices to improper objects and predicts the movements of stars and planets. One who eats alone sweetmeats, a Brāhmana who deals in lac, flesh, liquors, sesamum, or salt, one who commits violence, and those who rear up cats, cocks, goats, dogs, hogs and birds are despatched into hell Puyavaha (or where matter flows.) The Brāhman who leads the life of an actor, fisherman, who depends upon a person born in adultery, who is a prisoner, an informer, one who lives by his wife's immoral habits, who looks to secular affairs on Parva days, who is an incendiary, a faithless friend, a soothsayer, who vends birds, performs religious rites for the rustics, who sells the juice of some trees is thrown into Rudhirandha hell (whose wells are blood). He, who spoils honey or devastates a village, is sent into Vaitarani hell. He, who causes impotence, trespasses upon others' lands, is impure and lives on magic rites, is sent into the Krishna hell (black). He who uselessly cuts down trees goes to Asipatravana hell; Those who tend on sheep, those who hunt deer and those who give fire to unbaked vessels are sent to Vahnijwāla hell or of fiery flame. One, who violates his own vow or transgresses the rules of his own order, goes into the Sandansana (or the hell of pincers.) The religious student who sleeps in the day and becomes defiled and those who receive instruction from their children go to the hell called Swābhojana (where they feed upon dogs).
Besides these there are hundreds and thousands of other hells, where persons, perpetrating diverse iniquities, are visited with various punishments. There are thousands of hells like the numberless crimes committed by men, in which they are punished according to the nature of their offences. And those who swerve from the obligations laid upon them by their caste or order, in thought, word or deed are thrown into these hells. The celestials are seen by those who are thrown into these hells, with their own heads inverted and the celestials also behold the inhabitants of hell with their heads downwards. After undergoing the sufferings of hell the sinners go through the various stages of existence, namely:—inanimate things, the aquatic animals, birds, animals, men, pious men, gods and liberated spirits. O great sage, each of these stages is in succession a thousand degrees superior to that which precedes it. People go through these stages until they obtain emancipation. There are as many inhabitants in hell as are in heaven: those who commit sin and do not make an expiation of guilt proceed to hell. Becoming acts of expiation for every short of iniquity have been laid down by the great sages. O Maitreya, Swayambhuba and others have dictated severe penances for great crimes, and light ones for ordinary offences. Amongst the numerous arduous penances laid down by them, the remembrance of Hari is the foremost. For them, who are penitent after having committed many iniquities, the greatest penance is the remembrance of Hari. If a man meditates upon Hari either in the morning, at sunset, midday or at night he is released from all sins. By meditating upon Vishnu he is released from the heap of worldly afflictions. He obtains final emancipation considering even heaven as impediment. He, whose mind is devoted to Vāsudeva in prayer, burnt offering or adoration, considers, O Maitreya, even the dignity of Indra as an obstacle to the acquirement of final liberation. What is the use of going to heaven whence it is necessary to come back to earth? And how different is the meditation of Vāsudeva which leads to final liberation. Therefore, O Muni, the man, who meditates upon Vāsudeva day and night, is released from all sins and does not go to Naraka after death. O foremost of twice-born ones, that which gives delight to mind is heaven, and that which gives pain is hell, hence vice is denominated as hell and virtue as heaven. The self-same thing some times gives delight, sometimes produces pains, sometimes excites jealousy and sometimes anger. Therefore every thing (in this world) is the source of miseries.[235]The same thing at one time brings on anger and again conduces to our delight. Therefore nothing in itself is either pleasurable or painful; pleasure, pain and the like merely denominate the various states of the mind. Therefore true wisdom consists only in the knowledge of Brahmā, which brings on confinement to the world. True wisdom pervades through the whole universe and there is the existence of no other thing but this; ignorance and knowledge are therefore comprised in true wisdom, O Maitreya. O twice-born one, I have thus described to you the entire earth, all the divisions of the region under the earth and the hells, the oceans, the mountains, the insular continents, and the rivers. I have described all to you in short, what again do you hear?