The clinical group of psychoses included under the designation paranoic conditions is far from being homogeneous. We have here cases that are more or less closely allied to the paranoid form of dementia præcox, other cases that are apparently dependent upon involutional changes (Kraepelin'spraeseniler Beeinträchtigungswah), still other cases that are characterized by absence or at least delay of mental deterioration, etc.
In some of these cases disturbance of the flow of utterance is not observed, and the test records obtained from them present no striking abnormalities. Distinctly pathological records are obtained mainly from those cases which clinically resemble dementia præcox; in these records the nature of the pathological reactions would seem to indicate that the diagnosis of dementia præcox would be more justifiable than that of paranoic condition.
The following test records will serve to illustrate the types of reactions met with in this group of psychoses:
CASE No. 3039.—F.A. Normal record.
Table—purpose……..19Dark—obscure………Music—pleasant……. 1Sickness—confinement.17Man—twenty-one…….12Deep—down…………Soft—smooth……….Eating—nourishment…Mountain—high……..House—living………Black—dark………..Mutton—eating……..Comfort—pleasant….. 1Hand—limb…………Short—low…………Fruit—eat…………Butterfly—miller…..Smooth—soft……….Command—obey………Chair—sitting……..Sweet—tasting……..Whistle—noise……..Woman—female………Cold—unpleasant…… 1Slow—easy…………Wish—want…………River—water……….White—colorless……Beautiful—handsome…Window—glass………Rough—unpleasant….. 1Citizen—vote………Foot—limb…………Spider—insect……..Needle—sewing……..Red—color…………Sleep—bed…………Anger—cross……….Carpet—floor………Girl—young………..High—up…………..Working—labor……..Sour—unpleasant…… 1Earth—dirt………..Trouble—worriment….Soldier—fight……..Cabbage—vegetable….Hard—tough………..Eagle—bird………..Stomach—anatomy……
Stem—growth……….Lamp—burn…………Dream—restlessness…Yellow—color………Bread—eat…………Justice—right……..Boy—young…………Light—see…………Health—well……….Bible—religion…….Memory—thoughtful….Sheep—animal………Bath—wash…………Cottage—house……..Swift—fast………..Blue—color………..Hungry—appetite……Priest—Christian…..17Ocean—large……….Head—trunk………..Stove—fire………..Long—distance……..Religion—ChristianityWhiskey—drinkable….Child—young……….Bitter—bad………..Hammer—knock………Thirsty—dry……….City—government……Square—block………Butter—eat………..Doctor—cure……….Loud—noisy………..Thief—steal……….Lion—animal……….Joy—pleasant………Bed—laying………..Heavy—weighty……..Tobacco—smoking……Baby—new-born……..Moon—planet……….Scissors—cutting…..Quiet—easy………..Green—color……….Salt—preservative….Street—lane……….King—monarch………Cheese—eatable…….Blossom—budding……Afraid—fear……….
CASE No. 5803.—D.E.D. Slight tendency to give sound reactions.
Table—tree………..19Dark—bright……….Music—song………..Sickness—health……Man—woman………… 1Deep—shallow………Soft—hard…………Eating—digesting…..Mountain—hill……..House—horse……….10Black—red…………Mutton—tallow……..Comfort—wealth…….Hand—arm………….Short—long………..Fruit—plate……….17Butterfly—net……..Smooth—surface…….Command—obey………Chair—table……….Sweet—sour………..Whistle—call………Woman—lady………..Cold—lukewarm……..19Slow—not………….12Wish—receive………River—lake………..White—black……….Beautiful—graceful…Window—door……….Rough—smooth………Citizen—city………Foot—leg………….Spider—soap……….10Needle—pin………..Red—yellow………..Sleep—slumber……..Anger—amiable……..Carpet—mat………..Girl—boy………….High—hill…………Working—playing……Sour—sweet………..Earth—land………..Trouble—tranquillity.10Soldier—boy……….Cabbage—plant……..Hard—easy…………Eagle—bird………..Stomach—bowels…….Stem—head…………Lamp—chimney………Dream—myth………..17Yellow—blue……….Bread—biscuit……..Justice—balance……17Boy—girl………….Light—gray………..17Health—wealth……..Bible—prayerbook…..Memory—understanding.Sheep—lamb………..Bath—swim…………Cottage—house……..Swift—slow………..Blue—yellow……….Hungry—eat………..Priest—bishop……..Ocean—river……….Head—neck…………Stove—covers………Long—short………..Religion—optional….Whiskey—wine………Child—baby………..Bitter—sweet………Hammer—gimlet……..Thirsty—drink……..City—town…………Square—compass…….Butter—butterfly…..Doctor—lawyer……..Loud—lord…………Thief—beggar………Lion—lioness………Joy—sorrow………..Bed—couch…………Heavy—light……….Tobacco—cigarette….Baby—child………..Moon—stars………..Scissors—knife…….Quiet—quilt……….Green—envy………..Salt—sewing……….Street—lane……….King—queen………..Cheese—cracker…….Blossom—flower…….Afraid—courageous….
CASE No. 2133.—M.F. Unclassified reactions, mostly "far fetched" or incoherent; perseveration.
Table—eat…………Dark—night………..Music—sing………..Sickness—sadness…..Man—home………….Deep—light………..Soft—sleep………..13Eating—drink………Mountain—hills…….House—home………..Black—stove……….17Mutton—lamb……….Comfort—pleasure….. 1Hand—write………..Short—short-cake…..10Fruit—grapes………Butterfly—butter…..Smooth—ironing…….Command—correct……19Chair—see…………19Sweet—apples………Whistle—happiness…. 1Woman—girl………..Cold—warm…………Slow—fast…………Wish—like…………River—water……….White—blue………..Beautiful—red……..13Window—light………Rough—easy………..Citizen—spring…….19Foot—run………….Spider—fly………..Needle—Carrie……..19Red—pink………….Sleep—awake……….Anger—jolly……….19Carpet—curtains……Girl—yellow……….19High—green………..14Working—bed……….19Sour—dishes……….19Earth—grapes………13Trouble—work……… 1Soldier—sing………15Cabbage—potatoes…..Hard—sewing……….17Eagle—daisy……….19Stomach—flowers……18Stem—vine…………Lamp—flatiron……..19Dream—sleep……….Yellow—awake………13Bread—children…….Justice—dresses……14Boy—mother………..Light—dark………..Health—wealth……..Bible—commands……. 2Memory—black………13Sheep—chickens…….17Bath—carpet……….19Cottage—worsted……14Swift—silk………..18Blue—cotton……….18Hungry—chair………19Priest—church……..Ocean—spring………15Head—canary……….19Stove—board……….Long—dishes……….18Religion—piano…….19Whiskey—home………15Child—baby………..Bitter—shoes………19Hammer—tacks………Thirsty—longing……City—Flushing……..17Square—store………10Butter—butcher…….10Doctor—hat………..19Loud—chair………..15Thief—picture……..19Lion—house………..13Joy—gladness………Bed—sleep…………Heavy—sick……….. 2Tobacco—album……..19Baby—basket……….17Moon—stars………..Scissors—knife…….Quiet—spoon……….18Green—scar………..19Salt—pepper……….Street—sugar………18King—blacking……..19Cheese—meat……….Blossom—flowers……Afraid—red………..18
CASE No. 4569.—L.K. Marked stereotypy; unclassified reactions, mostly incoherent.
Table—fruit……….17Dark—light………..Music—pleasure……. 1Sickness—illness…..Man—parent……….. 6Deep—verse………..19Soft—fruit………..Eating—illness…….15Mountain—parent…… 6House—privilege……19Black—colors……… 2Mutton—parent…….. 6Comfort—family…….18Hand—comfort……… 7Short—parent……… 6Fruit—parent……… 5Butterfly—insect…..Smooth—surface…….Command—privilege….15Chair—house……….Sweet—dairy……….19Whistle—nature…….19Woman—parent……… 6Cold—house……….. 6Slow—light………..15Wish—desire……….River—house………. 6White—suspicion……19Beautiful—house…… 6Window—light………Rough—surface……..Citizen—parent……. 6Foot—house………..Spider—insect……..Needle—house……… 6Red—colors………..Sleep—God………… 6Anger—God………… 5Carpet—house………Girl—God…………. 6High—house………..Working—parent……. 6Sour—desire……….15Earth—God………… 6Trouble—God………. 5Soldier—house…….. 6Cabbage—desire…….15Hard—vegetable…….Eagle—animal………Stomach—doctor…….Stem—growth……….Lamp—house………..Dream—God………… 6Yellow—color………Bread—God………… 6Justice—fright…….19Boy—parent……….. 6Light—God………… 6Health—God……….. 5Bible—teachings……Memory—teaching…… 2Sheep—God………… 6Bath—cleanness…….Cottage—home………Swift—fear………..19Blue—color………..Hungry—appetite……Priest—servant…….Ocean—God………… 6Head—servant……… 6Stove—house……….Long—God…………. 6Religion—servant….. 6Whiskey—doctor…….15Child—house………. 6Bitter—taste………Hammer—household…..19Thirsty—drink……..City—God…………. 6Square—touch………19Butter—taste………Doctor—servant……. 6Loud—thought……… 9Thief—slave……….19Lion—animal……….Joy—pleasure……… 1Bed—household……..15Heavy—weight………Tobacco—doctor…….15Baby—care…………Moon—heavens………Scissors—household…15Quiet—nerve……….19Green—substance……19Salt—taste………..Street—heavens…….15King—servant……… 6Cheese—taste………Blossom—sight……..Afraid—fear……….
CASE No. 6164.—L.E. Remarkably persistent tendency to give sound reactions; numerous sound neologisms; no reactions given in response to some of the stimulus words on the ground that she had "no word to match."
Table—witchhazel…..10Dark—frog…………19Music—lessons…….. 2Sickness—badness….. 2Man—wife………….Deep—seef………… 4Soft—shoft……….. 3Eating—feeding…….Mountain—sounding….10House—shmouse…….. 3Black—fake………..19Mutton—shutton……. 3Comfort—somfort…… 3Hand—land…………10Short—court……….10Fruit—shrewd………10Butterfly—shuddergy.. 3Smooth—slude……… 3Command—noman…….. 3Chair—sash………..19Sweet—leaf………..19Whistle—noshissel…. 3Woman—lemon……….19Cold—shoal………..10Slow—snow…………10Wish—dish…………River—liberty……..10White—size………..10Beautiful—………..Window—Hilda………19Rough—shoff………. 3Citizen—shiffizen…. 3Foot—shoot………..10Spider—shider…….. 3Needle—dreedle……. 3Red—shred…………10Sleep—seef……….. 3Anger—……………Carpet—shloppet…… 3Girl—shirl……….. 3High—fie………….10Working—shlirking…. 3Sour—bower………..10Earth—world……….Trouble—shuttle……19Soldier—polster…… 3Cabbage—sheffies….. 4Hard—shward………. 3Eagle—……………Stomach—………….Stem—lamp…………19Lamp—sant………… 4Dream—leam……….. 3Yellow—cherry……..19Bread—dread……….10Justice—chestnuts….10Boy—……………..Light—shwife……… 3Health—felt………. 2Bible—……………Memory—…………..Sheep—sheet……….10Bath—scab…………19Cottage—foppach…… 3Swift—shift……….10Blue—shoe…………10Hungry—angry………Priest—sheaf………19Ocean—notion………10Head—shred………..10Stove—shove………. 3Long—song…………10Religion—switching…19Whiskey—chiston…… 4Child—kile……….. 3Bitter—shitter……. 3Hammer—lemon………13Thirsty—flrsten…… 3City—…………….Square—birds………19Butter—shudder…….10Doctor—shoctor……. 3Loud—souse………..10Thief—sheaf……….10Lion—Zion…………10Joy—bloy…………. 3Bed—wading………..19Heavy—shleavy…….. 3Tobacco—confecker…. 4Baby—savey……….. 3Moon—shoon……….. 3Scissors—…………Quiet—shiet………. 3Green—sheel………. 4Salt—shawlt………. 3Street—freet……… 3King—sing…………10Cheese—seefs……… 4Blossom—pleasant….. 9Afraid—shraid…….. 3
CASE No. 3606.—F.W. Neologisms; some particles; many unclassified reactions, mostly incoherent.
Table—pleasure……. 9Dark—air………….19Music—walking……..19Sickness—gloves……19Man—fields………..19Deep—courtesy……..19Soft—spoons……….19Eating—oranges…….Mountain—ice………17House—paintings…… 2Black—blue………..Mutton—hemisphere….19Comfort—flowers……19Hand—sawdust………19Short—peanuts……..19Fruit—autoharp…….19Butterfly—disease….19Smooth—ice………..Command—botheration..19Chair—tea…………19Sweet—arrangement….19Whistle—steadfast….19Woman—flowers……..15Cold—grandeur……..19Slow—present………19Wish—mania………..19River—courtesy…….15White—ink…………17Beautiful—flowers….Window—air………..Rough—enjoyment……19Citizen—queer……..19Foot—hatred……….19Spider—carousy……. 4Needle—pleasant…… 9Red—permit………..19Sleep—indeed………12Anger—benevolence….19Carpet—disorder……19Girl—caterer………19High—aside………..10Working—among……..12Sour—destroy………19Earth—confusion……19Trouble—frivolous….19Soldier—air……….15Cabbage—temptation…19Hard—among………..12Eagle—quality……..19Stomach—debasteaur… 4Stem—counteract……19Lamp—testament…….19Dream—connexus……. 4Yellow—division……19Bread—atherey…….. 4Justice—anger……..19Boy—quality……….15Light—among……….12Health—frivolous…..15Bible—permit………15Memory—usual………19Sheep—astray………Bath—conscientious…19Cottage—texalous….. 4Swift—patience…….19Blue—community…….19Hungry—confusion…..15Priest—second……..19Ocean—apology……..19Head—trinity………19Stove—compartment….19Long—terminal……..19Religion—abundant….19Whiskey—approvement.. 4Child—anger……….15Bitter—courageous….19Hammer—correction….19Thirsty—afterwards…12City—cataract……..19Square—plenty……..19Butter—accost……..19Doctor—southern……19Loud—triangular……19Thief—cannery……..19Lion—practice……..19Joy—summons……….19Bed—avron………… 4Heavy—olenthegolis… 4Tobacco—abundant…..15Baby—parenthus……. 4Moon—otherwise…….12Scissors—cartridge…19Quiet—outside……..12Green—abounty…….. 4Salt—calonry……… 4Street—abyss………19King—cavenry……… 4Cheese—perplex…….19Blossom—cartridge….15Afraid—stubborn……19
Most of the cases of epilepsy in our collection show advanced dementia and in some the clinical history would indicate also original mental inferiority, that is to say, imbecility or feeble-mindedness.
In these cases the dominant characteristic, so far as shown in the test records, seems to be a narrowing of the mental horizon manifested firstly by a tendency to repeat many times one or another word, and secondly by an abnormally pronounced tendency to make use of non-specific reactions or particles of speech. Occasionally other abnormalities are noted, such as perseveration or distraction.
We submit here copies of some test records.
CASE No. 5410.—W.T.K. Repetition of words previously given; nonspecific reactions.
Table—article…….. 1Dark—light………..Music—tone………..Sickness—ill………Man—person……….. 1Deep—distant……… 2Soft—condition……. 6Eating—chew……….Mountain—high……..House—abode……….Black—color……….Mutton—meat……….Comfort—peace……..Hand—limb…………Short—distance…….Fruit—result………Butterfly—animal…..Smooth—plain………Command—order……..Chair—seat………..Sweet—pleasant……. 1Whistle—sound……..Woman—female………Cold—chilly……….Slow—pace…………Wish—desire……….River—body………..White—clear……….Beautiful—grand……Window—place………13Rough—unsmooth……. 4Citizen—member…….Foot—member……….Spider—animal……..Needle—article……. 1Bed—color…………Sleep—rest………..Anger—condition…… 6Carpet—covering……Girl—female……….High—distance……..Working—occupation…Sour—condition……. 6Earth—planet………Trouble—condition…. 6Soldier—member……. 6Cabbage—vegetable….Hard—condition……. 6Eagle—animal………Stomach—member…….Stem—branch……….Lamp—article……… 1Dream—thinking……. 1Yellow—shade………Bread—article…….. 6Justice—position…..19Boy—male………….Light—clear……….Health—condition…..Bible—book………..Memory—condition….. 6Sheep—animal………Bath—position……..15Cottage—house……..Swift—fast………..Blue—color………..Hungry—condition….. 6Priest—office……..Ocean—body………..Head—member……….Stove—article…….. 1Long—distance……..Religion—profession..Whiskey—liquid…….Child—person……… 1Bitter—condition….. 6Hammer—article……. 1Thirsty—condition…. 6City—place………..Square—honest……..Butter—article……. 6Doctor—profession….Loud—sound………..Thief—position…….15Lion—animal……….Joy—pleasant……… 1Bed—article………. 6Heavy—weight………Tobacco—plant……..Baby—person………. 1Moon—planet……….Scissors—article….. 1Quiet—peaceful…….Green—shade……….Salt—article……… 1Street—place………King—ruler………..Cheese—article……. 6Blossom—plant……..Afraid—fear……….
CASE No. 2208.—J.A. Repetition of words previously given; non-specific reactions.
Table—wood………..Dark—chairs……….13Music—wood………..14Sickness—dropsy……17Man—body………….Deep—well…………Soft—lady…………19Eating—man……….. 6Mountain—hills…….House—barns………. 2Black—horse……….Mutton—sheep………Comfort—poison…….19Hand—man…………. 1Short—people……… 1Fruit—trees……….Butterfly—tree…….Smooth—people…….. 6Command—general……Chair—hands……….16Sweet—fruit……….Whistle—man………. 1Woman—people……… 1Cold—ice………….Slow—people………. 6Wish—dead…………19River—lakes……….White—foam………..17Beautiful—man…….. 1Window—glass………Rough—people……… 6Citizen—man………. 1Foot—people………. 6Spider—barn……….15Needle—clothes…….Red—blood…………Sleep—bed…………Anger—angry……….Carpet—stores……..19Girl—ladies………. 2High—mountain……..Working—people……. 6Sour—fruit………..Earth—clay………..Trouble—bad………. 1Soldier—man………. 1Cabbage—field……..Hard—case…………19Eagle—bird………..Stomach—man………. 1Stem—pipe…………Lamp—fire…………Dream—bad………… 1Yellow—chair………15Bread—rye…………Justice—right……..Boy—bad………….. 1Light—ship………..19Health—pig………..19Bible—man………… 6Memory—mind……….Sheep—mutton………Bath—water………..Cottage—house……..Swift—ship………..15Blue—lines………..17Hungry—people…….. 6Priest—man……….. 1Ocean—deep………..Head—bad…………. 9Stove—wood………..Long—trees……….. 2Religion—form……..19Whiskey—apples…….17Child—people……… 1Bitter—apples……..Hammer—axe………..Thirsty—drink……..City—towns………..
Square—measurement…Butter—cows……….Doctor—person…….. 1Loud—people………. 1Thief—person……… 1Lion—animal……….Joy—person……….. 9Bed—man………….. 6Heavy—mountain…….Tobacco—growing……Baby—person………. 1Moon—people………. 6Scissors—cutting…..Quiet—mind………..Green—cloud……….19Salt—planting……..13Street—walk……….King—human………..19Cheese—milk……….Blossom—flowers……Afraid—human………15
CASE No. 01218.—E.M. Repetition of words previously given; non-specific reactions.
Table—tablecloth…..Dark—dog………….Music—figure………17Sickness—drink…….17Man—people……….. 1Deep—pull…………19Soft—light………..Eating—think……… 1Mountain—well……..13House—plumber……..17Black—horse……….Mutton—park……….19Comfort—nice……… 1Hand—use…………. 1Short—long………..Fruit—figs………..Butterfly—cloth……19Smooth—nice………. 1Command—pleasant….. 6Chair—wash………..19Sweet—sour………..Whistle—mug……….19Woman—pear………..19Cold—warm…………Slow—quickness…….Wish—nice………… 1River—pleasant……. 1White—use………… 6Beautiful—comfort….19Window—looks……… 2Rough—pleasant……. 6Citizen—comfort……15Foot—help…………Spider—wake……….19Needle—use……….. 1Red—look………….15Sleep—good……….. 1Anger—no………….12Carpet—make……….19Girl—happy……….. 9High—nice………… 6Working—pleasant….. 1Sour—bag………….19Earth—ground………Trouble—good……… 6Soldier—clothes……Cabbage—eat……….Hard—good………… 1Eagle—pleasant……. 6Stomach—hurt………Stem—use…………. 1Lamp—lighted………Dream—pleasant……. 1Yellow—wake……….15Bread—making………Justice—help………Boy—pleasant……… 6Light—big…………19Health—nice………. 6Bible—use………… 1Memory—no…………12Sheep—pleasant……. 1Bath—good………… 6Cottage—useful…….Swift—quick……….Blue—good………… 1Hungry—sour……….15Priest—good………. 1Ocean—useful……… 6Head—nice………… 6Stove—lighted…….. 2Long—lake…………19Religion—pleasant…. 6Whiskey—use………. 6Child—help……….. 6Bitter—sour……….Hammer—stick………19Thirsty—drink……..City—handy………..19Square—pleasant…… 6Butter—useful…….. 1Doctor—help……….Loud—make…………15Thief—punish……… 2Lion—bad…………. 9Joy—happy………… 1Bed—pleasant……… 1Heavy—light……….Tobacco—pleasant….. 1Baby—help………… 6Moon—sun………….Scissors—pleasant…. 6Quiet—sleep……….Green—beans……….10Salt—handy………..15Street—make……….15King—nice………… 6Cheese—good………. 1Blossom—pleasant….. 1Afraid—will……….19
CASE No. 4989.—C.H. Repetition of words previously given; non-specific reactions; particles.
Table—work……….. 1Dark—true…………19Music—pleasant……. 1Sickness—well……..Man—absent………..19Deep—together……..12Soft—plenty………. 6Eating—good………. 1Mountain—together….12House—one…………12Black—America……..19Mutton—vegetable….. 2Comfort—sleep……..Hand—nothing………19Short—never……….12Fruit—vegetable……Butterfly—bird…….Smooth—large……… 9Command—willing……Chair—good……….. 6Sweet—always……… 6Whistle—music……..Woman—one…………12Cold—medium………. 6Slow—quick………..Wish—hope…………River—lake………..White—always……… 6Beautiful—medium….. 6Window—open……….Rough—smooth………Citizen—American…..Foot—two………….Spider—butterfly…..Needle—steel………Red—color…………Sleep—plenty………Anger—never……….Carpet—floor………Girl—five…………12High—medium……….Working—always…….Sour—never……….. 6Earth—cultivate……17Trouble—none………Soldier—willing……15Cabbage—vegetable….Hard—seldom……….12Eagle—American…….Stomach—no………..12Stem—one………….12Lamp—burning………Dream—always……… 6Yellow—sometimes…..12Bread—soft………..Justice—always…….Boy—two…………..12Light—plenty………Health—plenty……..Bible—Catholic…….17Memory—good………. 1Sheep—wool………..Bath—good………… 1Cottage—plenty……. 6Swift—medium……… 6Blue—never……….. 6Hungry—seldom…….. 6Priest—good………. 1Ocean—three……….12Head—good………… 1Stove—burning……..Long—medium……….Religion—willing…..15Whiskey—some………19Child—good……….. 1Bitter—never……… 6Hammer—tool……….Thirsty—seldom……. 6City—New York……..Square—always…….. 6Better—good………. 1Doctor—good………. 1Loud—medium………. 6Thief—none………..Lion—animal……….Joy—plenty……….. 6Bed—good…………. 1Heavy—medium……… 6Tobacco—yes……….12Baby—more…………19Moon—bright……….Scissors—sharp…….Quiet—plenty……… 6Green—good……….. 6Salt—little……….19Street—lots……….18King—none…………Cheese—seldom…….. 6Blossom—always……. 6Afraid—sometimes…..15
CASE No. 4847.—C.C. Distraction
Table—eat…………Dark—lock…………10Music—fiddle………Sickness—doctors….. 2Man—woman………… 1Deep—water………..Soft—snow…………Eating—oats……….17Mountain—spray…….19House—building…….Black—red…………15Mutton—meat………. 9Comfort—red……….15Hand—people………. 9Short—world……….19Fruit—age…………18Butterfly—bird…….Smooth—eggs……….18Command—cake………19Chair—world……….15Sweet—cherries…….Whistle—peaches……18Woman—children…….Cold—summer……….17Slow—brother………19Wish—pear…………19River—orange………18White—black……….Beautiful—red……..13Window—door……….Rough—table……….Citizen—couch……..19Foot—arm………….Spider—fly………..Needle—scissors……17Red—blue………….Sleep—pink………..13Anger—box…………19Carpet—rug………..Girl—boy………….High—play…………Working—cup……….19Sour—bread………..17Earth—picture……..19Trouble—soap………19Soldier—towel……..18Cabbage—turnip…….Hard—tree…………Eagle—clock……….19Stomach—eat……….Stem—soap…………15Lamp—oil………….Dream—glass……….13
Yellow—bottle……..18Bread—soap………..15Justice—pencil…….19Boy—picture……….15Light—darkness…….Health—washstand…..19Bible—book………..Memory—saucer……..19Sheep—chair……….19Bath—bureau……….14
Cottage—pan……….19Swift—towel……….15Blue—wash………… 2Hungry—eat………..Priest—church……..Ocean—beans……….19Head—prunes……….18Stove—cook………..Long—fig………….19Religion—church……Whiskey—tea……….17Child—people……… 1Bitter—stomach…….19Hammer—tack……….Thirsty—peach……..15City—box………….15Square—soap……….15Butter—lard……….Doctor—sick……….Loud—head…………19Thief—cup…………15Lion—bottle……….15Joy—pitcher……….19Bed—sheet…………Heavy—blanket……..13Tobacco—mustard……19Baby—pepper……….18Moon—heater……….19Scissors—string……Quiet—lace………..19Green—red…………Salt—soda…………17Street—soldier…….19King—box………….15Cheese—cake……….Blossom—shell……..19Afraid—blotter…….19
CASE No. 3597.—L.T. Some neologisms, all possessing obvious meaning.
Table—stand……….Dark—light………..Music—instrument…..Sickness—health……Man—female………..Deep—detableness….. 4Soft—hard…………Eating—starving……Mountain—isthmus…..17House—building…….Black—white……….Mutton—beef……….Comfort—patient……Hand—leg………….Short—long………..Fruit—vegetable……Butterfly—spider…..Smooth—coarse……..Command—thought…… 1Chair—utensil……..19Sweet—sour………..Whistle—trumpet……Woman—man………… 1Cold—warm…………Slow—quick………..Wish—command………River—lake………..White—black……….Beautiful—pretty….. 1Window—door……….Rough—straight…….Citizen—tramp……..19Foot—arm………….Spider—fly………..Needle—pin………..Red—blue………….Sleep—awake……….Anger—patient…….. 2Carpet—rug………..Girl—servant………High—low………….Working—laziness…..Sour—sweet………..Earth—hemisphere…..Trouble—goodness….. 9Soldier—merchant…..17Cabbage—pumpkin……17Hard—tight………..Eagle—hawk………..Stomach—abdomen……Stem—leaf…………Lamp—lantern………Dream—nightmare……Yellow—lavender……17Bread—pastry………Justice—badness…… 2Boy—child…………Light—darkness…….Health—sickness……Bible—testament……Memory—remember……Sheep—lamb………..Bath—dirtiness……. 2Cottage—building…..Swift—quickly……..Blue—redness……… 2Hungry—starving……Priest—minister……Ocean—sea…………Head—topness……… 4Stove—cooking……..Long—shorter……… 2Religion—wickedness..Whiskey—medicine…..Child—daughter…….Bitter—sweetness….. 2Hammer—pickaxe…….17Thirsty—drinkness…. 4City—village………Square—strightness… 2Butter—syrup………17Doctor—queen………19Loud—low………….Thief—burglar……..Lion—tiger………..Joy—enjoyable…….. 2Bed—bedstead………Heavy—lightness……Tobacco—sweetness…. 2Baby—infant……….Moon—sun………….Scissors—shears……Quite—noiseness…… 4Green—greenbill…… 3Salt—sugar………..Street—island……..19King—nephew……….19Cheese—curdness…… 4Blossom—bud……….Afraid—knowledgeable. 4
Cases presenting no considerable dementia or confusion and cases in a state of remission are apt to give normal test records. As we proceed from the records of such cases to those of cases showing mental deterioration we observe a gradual reduction in the values of reactions, contraction of the mental horizon,[1] and the appearance of the phenomenon of perseveration. We submit the following test records for illustration:
[Footnote 1: What we mean by contraction of the mental horizon has already been described in connection with epilepsy, page 47.]
CASE No. 4047.—C.A.F. Almost complete remission of all mental symptoms. Normal record.
Table—dish………..Dark—light………..Music—sound……….Sickness—disease…..Man—woman………… 1Deep—fathomless……Soft—sweet………..Eating—food……….Mountain—high……..House—barn………..Black—color……….Mutton—meat……….Comfort—ease………Hand—foot…………Short—long………..Fruit—sweet……….Butterfly—moth…….Smooth—rough………Command—order……..Chair—leg…………Sweet—pleasant……. 1Whistle—sound……..Woman—female………Cold—ice………….Slow—languid………17Wish—desire……….River—long………..White—color……….Beautiful—fair…….Window—glass………Rough—smooth………Citizen—voter……..Foot—toe………….Spider—fly………..Needle—sharp………Red—color…………Sleep—slumber……..Anger—rage………..Carpet—sweep………Girl—maiden……….High—lofty………..Working—toiling……Sour—distasteful…..Earth—ground………Trouble—sorrow…….Soldier—fighter……Cabbage—leaf………Hard—easy…………Eagle—fly…………Stomach—food………Stem—petal………..Lamp—light………..Dream—slumber……..Yellow—color………Bread—eat…………Justice—judgment…..Boy—youth…………Light—lamp………..Health—nature……..17Bible—holy………..Memory—remember……Sheep—lamb………..Bath—water………..Cottage—house……..Swift—fast………..Blue—color………..Hungry—famished……Priest—holy……….Ocean—sea…………Head—top………….Stove—fire………..Long—short………..Religion—holy……..Whiskey—drink……..Child—infant………Bitter—sour……….Hammer—knock………Thirsty—drink……..City—town…………Square—round………Butter—eat………..Doctor—physician…..Loud—knock………..Thief—steal……….Lion—tiger………..Joy—happiness…….. 1Bed—sleep…………Heavy—weigh……….Tobacco—smoke……..Baby—child………..Moon—stars………..Scissors—cut………Quiet—soft………..Green—color……….Salt—food…………Street—lane……….King—queen………..Cheese—eat………..Blossom—flower…….Afraid—fear……….
CASE No. 6660.—F.F. Repetition of words previously given; non-specific reactions; unclassified reactions some of which are "circumstantial" (see page 25).
Table—bureau………19Dark—boats……….. 2Music—piano……….Sickness—doctor……Man—sober…………19Deep—cellar……….Soft—easy…………Eating—chewing…….Mountain—climb…….House—tenants…….. 2Black—color……….Mutton—meat……….Comfort—easy………Hand—use…………. 1Short—stump………. 2Fruit—nice……….. 1Butterfly—like……. 6Smooth—clean………Command—faithful…..17Chair—easy………..Sweet—like……….. 6Whistle—good……… 6Woman—like……….. 6Cold—medicine……..Slow—I……………12Wish—like…………River—boats……….White—sheet……….Beautiful—flowers….Window—red………..14Rough—streets…….. 2Citizen—honest…….Foot—walking………Spider—kill……….10Needle—sew………..Red—nice…………. 6Sleep—rest………..Anger—cross……….Carpet—good………. 6Girl—nice………… 1High—good………… 1Working—well………19Sour—bitter……….Earth—property…….19Trouble—fighting…..Soldier—good……… 1Cabbage—eat……….Hard—sorry………..19Eagle—good……….. 6Stomach—good……… 1Stem—fair…………19Lamp—use…………. 1Dream—now…………12Yellow—color………Bread—good……….. 1Justice—fine……… 1Boy—good…………. 1Light—good……….. 1Health—right………19Bible—home………..Memory—good………. 1Sheep—like……….. 6Bath—good………… 1Cottage—fine……… 1Swift—go………….Blue—nice………… 6Hungry—bad……….. 1Priest—Father……..Ocean—boats……….Head—brains……….Stove—heat………..Long—streets………Religion—Catholic….Whiskey—bad………. 1Child—good……….. 1Bitter—sorrow……..Hammer—use……….. 1Thirsty—drink……..City—Brooklyn……..Squares—park……… 2Butter—ice………..19Doctor—cure……….Loud—holler……….Thief—no…………. 2Lion—no………….. 6Joy—hope………….Bed—rest………….Heavy—loud………..Tobacco—good……… 1Baby—good………… 1Moon—light………..Scissors—use……… 1Quiet—good……….. 1Green—nice……….. 6Salt—use…………. 1Street—nice………. 1King—right………..19Cheese—nice………. 1Blossom—grow………Afraid—no…………
CASE No. 618.—R.N. Numerous particles of speech; some unclassified reaction, chiefly "circumstantial" (see page 25).
Table—eat…………Dark—cloudy……….Music—fond………..19Sickness—well……..Man—human…………Deep—ocean………..Soft—fine………… 1Eating—yes……….. 6Mountain—yes……… 5House—yes………… 5Black—yes………… 5Mutton—yes……….. 5Comfort—yes………. 5Hand—finger……….Short—yes………… 6Fruit—yes………… 5Butterfly—yes…….. 5Smooth—even……….Command—obey………Chair—settle………17Sweet—bitter………Whistle—can't……..19Woman—lady………..Cold—ice………….Slow—fast…………Wish—give…………River—enjoyment……19White—black……….Beautiful—yes…….. 6Window—pane……….Rough—smooth………Citizen—yes………. 6Foot—one………….12Spider—yes……….. 6Needle—sewing……..Red—blue………….Sleep—nap…………17Anger—willing……..19Carpet—yes……….. 6Girl—nature……….19High—low………….Working—artist…….17Sour—sweet………..Earth—world……….Trouble—peaceful…..
Soldier—no………..12Cabbage—vegetable….Hard—soft…………Eagle—American…….Stomach—condition….Stem—post…………17Lamp—light………..Dream—thinking……. 1Yellow—green………Bread—loaf………..Justice—yes……….Boy—human…………Light—heaven………Health—wealth……..Bible—yes………… 6Memory—yes……….. 5Sheep—animal………Bath—yes…………. 6Cottage—yes………. 5Swift—fast………..Blue—gray…………Hungry—no…………Priest—yes……….. 6Ocean—water……….Head—human………..Stove—coal………..Long—short………..Religion—yes……… 6Whiskey—no………..12Child—baby………..Bitter—sweet………Hammer—pincher…….17Thirsty—drinking…..City—population……Square—circle……..Butter—lard……….Doctor—physician…..Loud—low………….Thief—penalty……..17Lion—liar…………10Joy—welcome……….17Bed—sleep…………Heavy—light……….Tobacco—yes………. 6Baby—human………..Moon—natural………15Scissors—no……….12Quiet—yes………… 6Green—shade……….Salt—eat………….Street—town……….King—ruler………..Cheese—eat………..Blossom—blooming…..Afraid—scared……..
CASE No. 6518.—C.Z. Perseveration shown by numerous instances of association to preceding reaction.
Table—horse……….19Dark—wren…………10Music—lark………..18Sickness—cold……..Man—woman………… 1Deep—sea………….Soft—hard…………Eating—drinking……Mountain—fountain….House—barn………..Black—stable………13Mutton—cow………..Comfort—horse……..18Hand—lamb…………Short—calf………..Fruit—apples………Butterfly—oranges…. 2Smooth—peaches…….18Command—plums……..18Chair—bench……….sweet—sugar……….Whistle—drum………17Woman—man………… 1Cold—hot………….Slow—fast…………Wish—who………….12River—water……….White—blue………..Beautiful—splendid…Window—sashes…….. 2Rough—ready……….Citizen—Brooklyn…..Foot—shoe…………Spider—web………..Needle—pin………..Red—blue………….Sleep—awake……….Anger—bad………… 1Carpet—sweeper…….Girl—boy………….High—low………….Working—playing……Sour—sweet………..Earth—ground………Trouble—wheelbarrow..19Soldier—Mexican……17Cabbage—potatoes…..Hard—beets………..18Eagle—carrots……..18Stomach—peas………18Stem—peas………… 5Lamp—burning………Dream—happy………. 1Yellow—blue……….Bread—green……….12Justice—freedom……Boy—girl………….Light—burning……..Health—strength……Bible—prayerbook…..Memory—thoughts…… 1Sheep—lamb………..Bath—water………..Cottage—house……..Swift—whist……….10Blue—red………….Hungry—eating……..Priest—Father……..Ocean—mother………18Head—brother………18Stove—sister………18Long—freedom………15Religion—smart…….19Whiskey—wine………Child—lamb………..19Bitter—goat……….18Hammer—nails………Thirsty—dry……….City—talking………19Square—inches……..Butter—cheese……..Doctor—bread………13Loud—oranges………15Thief—almonds……..18Lion—apples……….18Joy—grapes………..18Bed—peaches……….18Heavy—cranberries….18Tobacco—grapes…….18Baby—watermelon……18Moon—muskmelons……18Scissors—citrons…..10Quiet—squashes…….18Green—pumpkins…….18Salt—cucumbers…….18Street—tomatoes……18Kings—pears……….18Cheese—apples……..18Blossom—cherries…..Afraid—gooseberries..18
CASE No. 5329.—B.W. Perseveration; record almost entirely made up of instances of association to preceding reaction.
Table—San Francisco…19Dark—comprehensible…19Music—sinking………Sickness—Brooklyn…..19Man—woman…………. 1Deep—amazing……….19Soft—pleasant……… 9Eating—digesting……Mountain—gulf………17House—peninsula…….18Black—Constantinople..18Mutton—Bermuda……..18Comfort—Los Angeles…18Hand—Cuba………….18Short—cities……….18Fruit—Iowa…………18Butterfly—England…..18Smooth—Russia………18Command—Turkey……..18Chair—Manila……….18Sweet—Porto Rico……18Whistle—Washington….18Woman—Cincinnati……18Cold—Pittsburg……..18Slow—Philadelphia…..Wish—Milwaukee……..18River—St. Louis…….18White—Japan………..18Beautiful—China…….18Window—Berlin………18Rough—Glasgow………18Citizen—London……..18Foot—Dublin………..18Spider—Sacramento…..18Needle—Texas……….18Red—North Carolina….18Sleep—Florida………18Anger—Seattle………18Carpet—Nevada………18Girl—Iowa………….15High—Virginia………18Working—Louisiana…..18Sour—Hawaii………..18Earth—Connecticut…..18Trouble—Rhode Island..18Soldier—Vermont…….18Cabbage—Massachusetts.18Hard—Hudson………..18Eagle—East River……18Stomach—Staten Island.18Stem—Kings Park…….18Lamp—Fort Lee………18Dream—Long Island…..18Yellow—Greenport……18Bread—Southold……..18Justice—Northport…..18Boy—New Jersey……..18Light—Rome…………18Health—Italy……….18Bible—Episcopal…….17Memory—Methodist……18Sheep—Congregational..18Bath—Baptist……….18Cottage—minister……18Swift—physician…….18Blue—horse…………18Hungry—cow…………18Priest—Catholics…….Ocean—lake………….Head—bay……………13Stove—sound…………18Long—Island…………Religion—Boston……..18Whiskey—Harvard……..18Child—Yale………….18Bitter—Columbia……..18Hammer—library………18Thirsty—Carnegie…….18City—Rockefeller…….18Square—Harriman……..18Butter—Leggitt………18Doctor—Lincoln………18Loud—Roosevelt………18Thief—Taft………….18Lion—Gaynor…………18Joy—Slocum………….18Bed—Grant…………..18Heavy—McClellan……..18Tobacco—Spain……….19Baby—New London……..18Moon—Newburgh……….18Scissors—Troy……….18Quiet—Schenectady……18Green—Lake George……18Salt—Vienna…………18Street—Alsace Lorraine.18King—Garfield……….17Cheese—McKinley……..18Blossom—Bryan……….18Afraid—Blaine……….18
In this disorder the departures from the normal seem to be less pronounced than in the psychoses considered above. The number of individual reactions is in most cases not greatly above the normal average; and, so far as their character is concerned, we find that many of them are classed as normal, in accordance with the appendix to the frequency tables; among the unclassified reactions, which are quite frequent here, we find mostly either obviously normal ones, or some of the type to which we have already referred as "far-fetched," while others among them are "circumstantial" (see p. 25); further we find that most of the remaining individual reactions fall into the general group of partial dissociation: non-specific reactions, sound reactions, word complements, and particles.
In some cases the only abnormality that is found is that of an undue tendency to respond by non-specific reactions, most of them being common and there being no excessive number of individual reactions. It would seem legitimate to assume that this tendency is here to be regarded as a manifestation of the phenomenon which is clinically described asdearth of ideas. It is significant that this tendency is observed not only in depressive phases of the psychosis, but also in manic phases and even in the normal intervals of recurrent cases or after apparent recovery in acute cases; this will be seen from some of the test records which are here reproduced.
Occasionally cases are met with which give a large number of unclassified reactions, seemingly incoherent. There can be no doubt that at least some of these cases are clinically perfectly typical ones of manic-depressive insanity, yet the test records strongly resemble, in some respects, those of dementia præcox.
Since clinically the distinction between typical cases of these psychoses can be so clearly made on the basis of the disorders of the flow of thought respectively characterizing them, it could hardly be assumed that the associational disturbances in these two groups of cases are truly related, although there may be an apparent resemblance; it must be acknowledged that we are here confronted with one of the most serious shortcomings of the association test, or at least of the present method of applying it.
CASE No. 5236.—M.B. Depressive attack. Normal record.
Table—eat…………Dark—night………..Music—play………..Sickness—death…….Man—health………..13Deep—depth………..Soft—hard…………Eating—chewing…….Mountain—high……..House—living………Black—color……….Mutton—sheep………Comfort—kind……… 2Hand—body…………Short—small………. 1Fruit—garden………Butterfly—spring…..Smooth—rough………Command—obey………Chair—sit…………Sweet—apple……….Whistle—music……..Woman—land………..Cold—chilly……….Slow—easy…………Wish—want…………River—water……….White—color……….Beautiful—grand……Window—light………Rough—smooth………Citizen—man………. 1Foot—body…………Spider—animal……..Needle—sew………..Red—color…………Sleep—rest………..Anger—badness…….. 2Carpet—floor………Girl—young………..High—low………….Working—busy………Sour—sweet………..Earth—live………..Trouble—grief……..Soldier—army………Cabbage—garden…….Hard—stone………..Eagle—bird………..Stomach—body………Stem—plant………..Lamp—light………..Dream—sleep……….Yellow—color………Bread—eat…………Justice—kind……… 2Boy—young…………Light—day…………Health—strength……Bible—Christ………Memory—think……… 1Sheep—mutton………Bath—clean………..Cottage—live………Swift—run…………Blue—color………..Hungry—food……….Priest—clergy……..Ocean—water……….Head—body…………Stove—fire………..Long—tall…………Religion—teaching….Whiskey—drink……..Child—young……….Bitter—sweet………Hammer—nail……….Thirsty—drink……..City—town…………Square—four……….Butter—eat………..Doctor—medicine……Loud—noise………..Thief—steal……….Lion—beast………..Joy—kind…………. 6Bed—sleep…………Heavy—weight………Tobacco—smoke……..Baby—mother……….Moon—light………..Scissors—cut………Quiet—kind……….. 6Green—grass……….Salt—table………..Street—walk……….King—government……Cheese—eat………..Blossom—tree………Afraid—coward……..
CASE No. 6120.—M.L. Maniacal attack. Fifteen individual reactions, of which 11 are classed as normal in accordance with the appendix to the frequency tables.
Table—chair…………Dark—light………….Music—chorus………..17Sickness—health……..Man—woman………….. 1Deep—around…………Soft—light………….Eating—food…………Mountain—valley……..House—flat………….17Black—white…………Mutton—beef…………Comfort—disease……..Hand—legs…………..Short—tall………….Fruit—grapes………..Butterfly—birds……..Smooth—rough………..
Command—president……17Chair—assemblyman……18Sweet—bitter………..Whistle—birds……….Woman—man………….. 1Cold—warm…………..Slow—fast…………..Wish—well…………..River—mountain………White—red…………..Beautiful—heaven…….Window—door…………Rough—smooth………..Citizen—naturalization.Foot—hand…………..Spider—bug………….Needle—doctor……….19Red—white…………..Sleep—well………….Anger—passion……….Carpet—cloth………..Girl—boy……………High—low……………Working—pleasure……. 1Sour—sweet………….Earth—heaven………..Trouble—anger……….Soldier—mine………..12Cabbage—steak……….17
Hard—soft…………..Eagle—parrot………..Stomach—pelvis………17Stem—flowers………..Lamp—light………….Dream—empty…………17Yellow—black………..Bread—brown…………Justice—done………..Boy—baby……………Light—heaven………..Health—wealth……….Bible—love………….Memory—remembrance…..Sheep—goat………….Bath—water………….Cottage—house……….Swift—slow………….Blue—green………….Hungry—I……………Priest—minister……..Ocean—sea…………..Head—neck…………..Stove—electricity……17Long—broad………….Religion—Presbyterian..Whiskey—medicinal…… 2Child—boy…………..Bitter—sweet………..Hammer—saw………….Thirsty—water……….City—Middletown……..17Square—Madison………Butter—bread………..Doctor—love…………15Loud—soft…………..Thief—burglar……….Lion—animal…………Joy—ecstasy…………Bed—couch…………..Heavy—lead………….Tobacco—smoke……….Baby—boy……………Moon—stars………….Scissors—cotton……..17Quiet—noisy…………Green—yellow………..Salt—pepper…………Street—Dean…………17King—God……………17Cheese—Roquefort…….Blossom—apple……….Afraid—never………..
CASE No. 6367.—J.N. Depressive attack. Only two individual reactions, both classed as normal; undue tendency to give non-specific reactions.
Table—cup…………17Dark—light………..Music—song………..Sickness—pain……..Man—child…………Deep—high…………Soft—hard…………Eating—tasting…….Mountain—valley……House—room………..Black—white……….Mutton—lamb……….Comfort—peace……..Hand—foot…………Short—long………..Fruit—apple……….Butterfly—moth…….Smooth—rough………Command—obey………Chair—table……….Sweet—sour………..Whistle—song………Woman—love………..Cold—warm…………Slow—fast…………Wish—well…………River—water……….White—black……….Beautiful—grand……Window—glass………Rough—smooth………Citizen—man………. 1Foot—hand…………Spider—fly………..Needle—thread……..Red—blue………….Sleep—rest………..Anger—passion……..Carpet—rug………..Girl—child………..High—low………….Working—labor……..Sour—sweet………..Earth—ground………Trouble—overcome…..17Soldier—brave……..Cabbage—lettuce……Hard—soft…………Eagle—bird………..Stomach—heart……..Stem—tree…………Lamp—light………..Dream—sleep……….Yellow—red………..Bread—roll………..Justice—peace……..Boy—child…………Light—sun…………Health—wealth……..Bible—good……….. 1Memory—good………. 1Sheep—lamb………..Bath—water………..Cottage—house……..Swift—fast………..Blue—white………..Hungry—eat………..Priest—man……….. 1Ocean—water……….Head—arm………….Stove—warm………..Long—short………..Religion—good…….. 1Whiskey—none………Child—good……….. 1Bitter—sour……….Hammer—noise………Thirsty—water……..City—country………Square—round………Butter—salt……….Doctor—good………. 1Loud—noise………..Thief—man………… 1Lion—beast………..Joy—good…………. 1Bed—good…………. 1Heavy—weight………Tobacco—smoke……..Baby—child………..Moon—sun………….Scissors—knife…….Quiet—rest………..Green—red…………Salt—water………..Street—city……….King—man…………. 1Cheese—butter……..Blossom—flower…….Afraid—fear……….
CASE No. 5162.—W.H. Recurrent attacks, mixed in character; at time of test patient was in a normal interval. 5 individual reactions, of which 1 is classed as normal, 1 as a derivative, 2 as non-specific, and 1 as a sound reaction; undue tendency to give non-specific (common) reactions.
Table—comfort……..Dark—darknew……… 8Music—pleasure……. 1Sickness—sorrow……Map—manners……….10Deep—thought……… 1Soft—comfort………Eating—pleasure…… 1Mountain—height……House—comfort……..Black—darkness…….Mutton—eating……..Comfort—pleasure….. 1Hand—useful………. 1Short—stumpy………Fruit—eating………Butterfly—handsome…Smooth—plane………Command—ordering…..Chair—easy………..Sweet—candy……….Whistle—noise……..Woman—love………..Cold—freezing……..Slow—laziness……..Wish—good………… 1River—water……….White—clearness…… 2Beautiful—handsome…Window—scene………Rough—harshness……Citizen—voting…….Foot—stepping……..Spider—poison……..Needle—sharpness…..Red—blood…………Sleep—comfort……..Anger—passion……..Carpet—walking…….Girl—lovely……….High—height……….Working—business…..Sour—tart…………Earth—planting…….Trouble—Sorrow…….Soldier—fighting…..Cabbage—eating…….Hard—harshness……. 2Eagle—flying………Stomach—eating…….Stem—vine…………Lamp—lighting…….. 2Dream—pleasure……. 1Yellow—color………Bread—eating………Justice—suing……..17Boy—children………Light—seeing………Health—pleasure…… 1Bible—thinking……. 9Memory—recollections.Sheep—wool………..Bath—pleasure…….. 1Cottage—living…….Swift—quickness……Blue—sky………….
Hungry—pleasure…… 9Priest—holiness……Ocean—sailing……..Head—thinking…….. 1Stove—warmth………Long—length……….Religion—holiness….Whiskey—badness…… 2Child—pleasure……. 1Bitter—sourness……Hammer—pounding……Thirsty—drinking…..City—town…………Square—measure…….Butter—greasy……..Doctor—medicine……Loud—hearing……… 2Thief—stealing…….Lion—fierceness……Joy—pleasure……… 1Bed—sleeping………Heavy—solid……….Tobacco—pleasure….. 1Baby—loveliness……Moon—bright……….Scissors—sharpness….Quiet—pleasure……. 1Green—color……….Salt—taste………..Street—walking…….King—majestic………Cheese—eating……..Blossom—handsome…..Afraid—fear……….
CASE No. 6279.—A.F. Maniacal attack; at time of test patient had improved, though not recovered. Non-specific reactions; particles. (Patient does not speak English with perfect fluency.)
Table—board……….Dark—night………..Music—piano……….Sickness—appendicitisMan—husband……….Deep—hole…………Soft—hard…………Eating—vegetable…..Mountain—country…..House—comfort……..Black—cotton………17Mutton—lamb……….Comfort—rest………Hand—arm………….Short—Journey……..Fruit—apples………Butterfly—love…….13Smooth—nice………. 1Command—order……..Chair—down………..12Sweet—sugar……….Whistle—blow………Woman—good……….. 1Cold—ice………….Slow—lazy…………Wish—home…………River—boat………..White—milk………..Beautiful—flowers….Window—corner……..Rough—man………… 1Citizen—not……….12Foot—short………..Spider—don't………12Needle—steel………Red—rose………….Sleep—well………..Anger—not…………Carpet—beauty…….. 1Girl—love…………High—reason……….19Working—dress……..19Sour—vinegar………Earth—ground………Trouble—much………Soldier—blue………Cabbage—sour………Hard—no…………..12Eagle—paper……….Stomach—well………17Stem—flower……….Lamp—light………..Dream—awful……….19Yellow—flower……..Bread—rye…………Justice—court……..Boy—little………..Light—room………..Health—love……….15Bible—no………….Memory—good………. 1Sheep—lot…………19Bath—cold…………Cottage—little…….swift—kick………..17Blue—no…………..12Hungry—no…………Priest—love……….15Ocean—Grove……….Head—black………..Stove—shine……….19Long—square……….Religion—no……….Whiskey—champagne….17Child—my…………. 2Bitter—pepper……..Hammer—knock………Thirsty—no………..12City—New York……..Square—table………Butter—good………. 1Doctor—S………….17Loud—talk…………Thief—night……….Lion—yes………….12Joy—good…………. 1Bed—comfort……….Heavy—Iron………..Tobacco—strong…….Baby—love…………Moon—shine………..Scissors—cut……..Quiet—well………..Green—bow…………17Salt—hitter……….Street—Hinsdale……17King—Franz Joseph….17Cheese—Swiss………Blossom—nice……… 1Afraid—no…………
CASE No. 4578.—E.M. Circular insanity of over twenty years' standing; at time of test patient was in a manic phase. Non-specific reactions; doubtful reactions; neologisms, all possessing obvious meaning.
Table—using………. 1Dark—unbright…….. 4Music—songs……….Sickness—catching….17Man—masculine……..Deep—high…………Soft—chew…………19Eating—sometimes…..12Mountain—highlands…House—live………..Black—color……….Mutton—meat……….Comfort—easy………Hand—body…………Short—unlongly……. 4Fruit—plants………Butterfly—insects….Smooth—feeling…….Command—do………..Chair—use………… 1Sweet—taste……….Whistle—act……….Woman—female………Cold—acting………. 2Slow—gradually…….17Wish—desire……….River—water……….White—color……….Beautiful—niceness… 2Window—built………19Rough—treatment……17Citizen—country……Foot—body…………Spider—insect……..Needle—article……. 1Red—color…………Sleep—tiredness…… 4Anger—scolding…….Carpet—article……. 1Girl—female……….High—low………….Working—do………..Sour—tasting………Earth—surface……..Trouble—worriment….Soldier—man………. 1Cabbage—vegetable….Hard—difficult…….Eagle—bird………..Stomach—body………Stem—article……… 6Lamp—article……… 1Dream—untruly…….. 4Yellow—color………Bread—food………..Justice—unfairly….. 2Boy—masculine……..Light—easy………..Health—sickness……Bible—commandments…Memory—remember……Sheep—animal………Bath—cleanness…….Cottage—country……Swift—quickly……..Blue—color………..Hungry—food……….Priest—masculine…..15Ocean—water……….Head—body…………Stove—article…….. 1Long—shortly……… 2Religion—Bible…….Whiskey—drinking…..Child—disremembering. 4Bitter—taste………Hammer—using……… 1Thirsty—drinking…..City—acting……….15Square—measuring….. 2Butter—food……….Doctor—helping……. 2Loud—hearing……… 2Thief—untrue………15Lion—animal……….Joy—gladness………Bed—lying…………Heavy—unlightly…… 4Tobacco—using…….. 1Baby—borning……… 4Moon—sending………19Scissors—using……. 1Quiet—acting……… 2Green—color……….Salt—food…………Street—walking…….King—person………. 1Cheese—food……….Blossom—plant……..Afraid—frightened….