[Dr. Braithwaite, Jour. Bot.VIII., 228.]
[Dr. Braithwaite, Jour. Bot.VIII., 228.]
[Dr. Braithwaite, Jour. Bot.VIII., 228.]
[Dr. Braithwaite, Jour. Bot.VIII., 228.]
89.D. viride.Sull. et Lesq. Dioicous, in dense cushions, or cæspitose, reddish and tomentose at base, above dark green; branches dichotomous; l. lineal-lanceolate subulate, nerve running out in the concave awl; per. l. sheathing; areolæ densely chlorophyllose, enlarged at base; caps. erect, oblong, slightly incurved, lid with a long beak.
Trunks of trees: rarely on sandstone rocks.
fig. Schpr. Musci. Eur. novi, &c. fasc.III. IV.
Staffordshire (Mr. Bloxam).
90.D. Scottianum.Turn. St. 2 or 3in. robust; l. erecto-patent, sub-secund incurved lanceolate-subulate, slightly twisted at apex when dry, concave entire, nerve strong excurrent; caps. elongated, slightly curved, tapering at base, lid obliquely rostrate.
Rocks in mountainous districts.VII. VIII.
91.D. longifolium.Hedw. Cæspitose, tufts pale green or whitish; stem arcuate or geniculate ascending, slightly radiculose; l. long falcato-secund, rarely spreading, subulate from a lanceolate base, with a slender nerve, margin and back serrate at apex; per. l. convolute sheathing; caps. elongate cylindrical, upright or sub-incurved, without striæ, brown; beak subulate, annulus narrow: dioicous.
Sub-alpine rocks.Autumn.
Ben Lawers, 1866 (Dr. Stirton).
92.D. circinnatum.Wils. Dioicous, in loose irregular light green tufts; st. 3–6in. dichotomous, geniculate or ascending, with radicles from base of leaves. L. very long, secund, arcuate from an oblong sheathing base decurrent at angles, longly subulate concave; nerve flattened, covering one-fifth of base and all the subula, which is denticulate; base laxly areolate in middle, with narrower cells at margin. [Dr. Braithwaite, l. c. 230.]
Fr. unknown.
Ben Voirlich, Clova, Ben Nevis, Lennox Castle.
93.D. fuscescens.Turn. St. 2–3m. loosely tufted; l. spreading, sub-secund, flexuose, canaliculate, minutely toothed at apex, nerve excurrent; caps. oblong incurved, furrowed when dry; lid with a very long beak.
Alpine and sub-alpine rocks.VIII.
94.D. scoparium.Hedw. St. 2–4in. loosely tufted dichotomous; l. secund or falcato-secund, carinato-concave, margins inflexed, serrate at apex; nerve with about four prominent ridges at back, serrate at apex; per. l. larger convolute; caps. cylindrical, slightly curved; lid with a long beak.
Shady banks and rocks, common.VII. VIII.
95.D. majus.Turn. St. 4–6in. loosely cæspitose; l. falcato-secund; concave dentato-serrate at apex; caps. horizontally cernuous, curved, furrowed when dry; lid and calyptra very long; fruit-stalks pale aggregate.
Shady banks, &c., in woods.VII. VIII.
96.D. palustre.Brid. St. 3–4in. erect branched sub-fastigiate; l. spreading, sub-secund, linear-lanceolate undulated, terminal ones crowded into a cuspidate cluster on the barren shoots; serrate at apex; nerve thin and narrow, not reaching to apex, and without ridges; caps. sub-erect, slightly curved, sub-cylindrical, striate.
Marshy places and moist banks.IX.
97.D. Schraderi.Schwaeg. St. 3–6in.; l. sub-secund, rather obtuse, carinato-concave, subrugose, toothed on margin and keel, sub-papillose at back near apex; caps. oval-oblong incurved; lid rostrate.
Turfy bogs, rare.IX.
98.D. Spurium.Hedw. St. 1–2in. loosely cæspitose; l. ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, undulate serrate, papillose at back; not nerved to apex; caps. sub-cylindrical arcuate, slightly strumose, striate; lid with a long curved beak.
Moors and bogs.VI.
99.L. glaucum.Hampe. St. 1–6in. or more, dichotomous fragile, fastigiate; l. subulate from an ovate-lanceolate base, erect, rather obtuse, and apiculate; caps, cernuous, strumose, furrowed when dry.
Moist heaths, woods, rare in fr.
100.C. purpureus.Brid, St. ¼–2in. cæspitose, branched; l. oblong-lanceolate, margin recurved, nerve excurrent; caps. elliptic-oblong, irregular, purple, angular when dry on a purplish red seta; lid conical.
Banks, &c., common.IV. V.
101.C. cylindricus.B. & S. St. ¼in. gregarious; l. subulate from a dilated ovate amplexicaul base, flexuose, minutely toothed above, nerve predominant; caps. cylindrical, smooth, erect or slightly curved, on a pale slender seta; lid conical.
Sandy banks, not common.IV. V.
102.D. longirostre.B. & S. St. 1–3in. blackish; l. falcato-secund, subulato-setaceous from an ovate sheathing base, denticulate above on predominant nerve; caps. elliptic-oblong, smooth, on a thick curved or flexuose seta.
Mountainous woods, rare.X.
20. CAMPYLOPUS.Brid.
[The diagnoses of species are taken from Dr. Braithwaite’s Paper in Jour. of Bot.VIII., pp. 386–393.]
[The diagnoses of species are taken from Dr. Braithwaite’s Paper in Jour. of Bot.VIII., pp. 386–393.]
[The diagnoses of species are taken from Dr. Braithwaite’s Paper in Jour. of Bot.VIII., pp. 386–393.]
103.C. atrovirens.De Not. (C. longipilus.Brid. pro parte: Wils. Bry. Brit.; et Schimp. Musc. Eur. Nov.) Dense tufts 1–3in. high, above yellowish green, below brownish, at base black. Stem erect, dichotomous, with few radicles at base; l. lower, lax, shorter, the rest densely crowded, erecto-patent, lanceolate, very longly subulato-setaceous, channelled below, auricled; nerve excurrent into a hoary hispid arista, channelled at back, one-third width of leaf base; cells of auricles dilated, castaneous, central colorless, above these sub-rectangular, uppermost oblongo-elliptic. Fem. fl. 2. 3 at apex of innovations.
Wet rocks, and moorlands in mountainous districts.
E. S. & I.
104.C. brevipilus.B. & S. In dense broad tufts, when dry glossy yellow green above, fuscescent below, ¾–1¼ in. high, almost free from radicles, fastigiate; l. erect densely crowded, narrowly lanceolate-subulate, very concave, the point denticulate at margin and back, not auricled; nerve one-third width of leaf base excurrent into a short hair point; per. l. wider sheathing, narrowed into a hispid hair, margin recurved above base. Areolæ lax; basal cells quadrate, above rhomboidal flexuose, marginal very narrow; fem. fl. solitary.
Heathy places. Sussex, Hants, Cheshire, York, Arran.
105.C. introflexus.Brid. (C. longipilus.Bry. Eur. pro parte.C. polytrichoides.De Not.D. ericetorum.Mitt.)Densely tufted, olivaceous brown below, innov. yellow green with hoary tips; ¾–1½in. high, sparingly radiculose, dichotomous; l. imbricated, erecto-patent, lanceolate-subulate, channelled; not auricled; wings but little incurved, comal leaves broader lanceolate acuminate, lowest muticous, rest prolonged into a diaphanous spinuloso-denticulate arista shorter than the leaf. Nerve three-fourths width of limb, lammelluligerous at back. Basal cells hyaline large and empty, gradually becoming obliquely oval and minute, chlorophyllose, a few fuscous alar cells in comal leaves; per. l. oblong convolute, subulate at apex. Thecæ aggregated on short peduncles, oval, unequal, rough at base, lid obliquely rostrate. Calyp. reaching middle of capsule, sparingly fimbriate.
Dry heaths and stony places. Cornwall, Jersey, Scotland, Ireland.
106.C. Shawii.Wils. MS. Tufts lax, yellow green above, blackish brown below, 1–2in. high. Stems robust, with numerous radicles. L. erecto-patent, straight, rigid, from a somewhat contracted linear base, lanceolate, longly subulate, suddenly narrowed at one-third their length; margin involute above, apex acute, with a few minute denticulations. Nerve two-thirds width of base. Cells at basal wings enlarged lax reddish brown, exterior rows hyaline, above rectangular, and then rhomboido-elliptic. Leaves falcate when growing in dry places.
Outer Hebrides, 1866 (Mr. Shaw).
107.C. alpinus.Schpr. Densely cæspitose, 2–3in.high, stem erect, dichotomous, with rufous radicles from back of leaf base at base of innovations. L. rigid, fragile, and deciduous, erect or slightly secund, lowest lanceolate, becoming larger upwards and longly subulate, subtubular, subula sharply or obsoletely serrate. Nerve half width of base. Auricles very large decurrent, cells orange brown, central hyaline, above laxer narrowly hexagono-rectangular, and at last quadrate without chlorophyll, solid and yellowish.
Moist heaths and rocks. Wales and Scotland.
108.C. flexuosus.Brid. Tufts dense yellowish green. Stems ½–1½in. high, erect dichotomous, with rufous purple radicles to apex, bearing gemmæ intermixed. L. patent straight or secund, sub-falcate, lower lanceolate upper subulate, uppermost very long and toothed at apex all concave, glossy, red when old. Nerve one-third width of base; angles not decurrent, with short wide fuscous cells, others hexagono-rectangular, upper quadrate and chlorophyllose; per. l. nine; inner sheathing longly subulate, with a narrower nerve, calyptra fuscous at apex. Caps. oval, regular, or gibbous, short-necked olivaceous, with eight striæ, sulcate when dry; lid conico-rostrate; annulus broad double.
Sub-alpine moist rocks and peaty soil.XI.
109.C. paradoxus.Wils. MS. Tufts ½–1in. high, fastigiate, dull yellowish green above, pale brown below; st. with short lateral ramuli, and few rufous radicles. L. erecto-patent (erecto-appressed when dry) uppermost longest slightly secund lanceolate-subulate, concave; apex usually of two teeth, with a few irregular ones below on each side. Nerve one-third width of base. Lamina extended to apex; basal cells thin enlarged hyaline when young, afterwardsfuscous, above rectangular, in 14–16 longitudinal rows, thickened and quadrate towards apex.
Peaty soil, Cheviots (barren), Boyd and Hardy, 1868.
110.C. setifolius.Wils. Tufts lax soft, bright or yellowish green above, blackish below, without radicles. St. 5–10in. slender, erect, geniculate. L. distant erecto-patent or sub-secund, glossy, from a lanceolate base gradually running into a very long subula, sometimes half twisted; uppermost with wings serrate. Nerve half width of base; auricles very large and inflated, the cells partly fuscous, partly hyaline, hexagonal, above hexagono-rectangular, upper rhombic chlorophyllose; fl. of each sex collected in capitula; males 3–4, fem. numerous.
Wet places, and clefts of rocks. I. S.
111.C. Swartzii.Schpr. Tufts dense soft yellowish green, brownish below, without radicles. St. 2–3in. slender; l. erecto-patent, straight or slightly secund, lowest lanceolate, upper lanceolate-subulate, entire at apex, base somewhat sheathing, auricles hyaline inflated decurrent. Nerve two-thirds of base, finely sulcate at back towards apex. Basal areolæ narrow, auricular very lax hexagono-rectangular hyaline, above sub-quadrate.
Granite alpine rocks. Wales, Scotland.
112.C. fragilis.B. & S. Tufts pale green glossy, st. ½–2in. fragile. L. densely crowded erecto-patent rigid incumbent when dry, lower lanceolate, upper extended into a subula, toothed at apex, wings recurved above. Nerve verybroad. Basal areolæ lax pellucid narrow rectangular, above minute quadrate, no distinct alar cells. Caps. solitary, bent down, oval, symmetric, fuscous, when dry plicate, contracted below the mouth, lid conico-subulate oblique, red; calyp. whitish, rufous at apex.
Sandstone rocks and moist heaths.
113.C. Schimperi.Milde. Tufts dense compact. St. 1–2in. slender light silky green above, fuscous below. L. erecto-patent, appressed when dry, straight rigid, lanceolate-subulate, channelled, denticulate only at apex. Nerve very broad. Basal cells lax rectangular hyaline, very narrow at margin, above elliptic.
Alpine hills. Scotland.
114.C. pyriformis.Brid. (C. turfaceus.B. & S.) Tufts flat olivaceous or bright green, finally tawny. St. ½–1in. slender erect, radiculose only at base. L. less crowded, gradually larger upwards, erecto-patent, lower lanceolate, middle lanceolate-subulate, upper from a lanceolate base setaceous. Nerve one-third base, thin channelled at back. Areolæ resemblingC. flexuosus, but thinner, hyaline at base Fr. several from same apex; caps. ovate olivaceous, fulvous when ripe, sulcate, lid obliquely rostrate; calyp. whitish, tip brown.
Moist heaths and sides of ditches.
§ § St. very short, not radiculose.
115.C. brevifolius.Schpr. St. ½in. yellowish green, with caducous ramuli. L. short rigid erect lanceolate, longly acuminate, concave, obsoletely toothed at apex. Nerve half base; basal areolæ hyaline lax rectangular, gradually shorter and more quadrate, lower ones with their transverse walls much thickened.
Dry and stony places. Scotland.
116.P. pusilla.Hedw. (P. cavifolia.Ehr.) St. very short and simple or branched; l. erecto-patent concave, obovate or elliptical; caps. oval, on a short seta; lid obliquely rostrate.
Banks and mud walls.III.
117.P. minutula.B. & S. Very minute, l. carinate, spreading, ovate-lanceolate, with recurved margins; caps. small, ovate-truncate; lid flattish conical, not beaked.
Fallow fields.Winter and Spring.
118.P. truncatula.L. St. ⅛in., l. spreading obovate-acuminate or oblong-lanceolate, with a slightly excurrentnerve; caps. obovate, truncate, with a wide mouth; lid convex obliquely rostrate.
Fallow soil.II. III.
119.P. crinita.Wils. St. ¼in. tufted; l. obovate-oblong obtuse; nerve excurrent into a very long hair-like point; caps. elliptic-oblong, scarcely contracted, calyp. smooth.
Rocky and moist places.
120.P. Wilsoni.B. & S. St. ¼in. in tufts, l. ovate-oblong, obtuse; nerve excurrent into a longish mucro; caps. elliptic-oblong, contracted at mouth; lid shortly and obliquely rostrate; calyp. rough at apex.
Sandy banks.II.
121.P. littoralis.Mitt. (Jour. Bot.IX., 4.) L. oblong-spathulate obtuse or acute, lower pale, upper green, nerve excurrent, longer in lower leaves; areolæ in upper part of leaf small obscure, smooth, lower oblong pellucid; caps. oblong-oval, mouth less than greatest diameter; lid rostrate slightly twisted; male fl. bud-like.
Aldington, near Brighton, Hastings.
122.P. asperula.Mitt. (l. c.) L. obovate-spathulate, acute, but not acuminate, nerve excurrent into a short point; areolæ upper rounded rather obscure, each with several elevated points, lower oblong smooth pellucid; caps. oval, lid rostrate slightly twisted; antheridia naked in axils of comal leaves.
Henfield, Sussex; Penzance (Curnow), Jersey (Piquet).
123.P. viridifolia.Mitt. (l. c.) (P. pallida, Braith. Jour. Bot.VIII., 255, non Lindberg.) L. obovate-spathulate obtuse or slightly acute; nerve not very stout, excurrent into a short point; margin recurved at middle; areolæ, upper hexagonal or nearly square, obscure, with minute protuberances, lower oblong hyaline smooth; caps. oblong on a short seta; lid rostrate; antheridia in axils of comal leaves.
Plymouth (Holmes).
124.P. Heimii.B. & S. St. ⅛–¼in. cæspitose, branched; l. spreading, oblong-lanceolate, margin not recurved; caps. obovate or oblong truncate, lid obliquely rostrate, adherent to columella.
Moist banks near the sea.IV. V.
125.A. Starkeana.N. & H. Minute, gregarious; l. spreading ovate-lanceolate, entire, margin recurved; nerve excurrent; caps. small oval brown; lid convexo-conical; per. teeth obtuse perforate.
Banks and fields.I. II.
126.A. cæspitosa.Bruch. Minute cæspitose; l. oblong-lanceolate or ovate, concave, plane, nerve excurrent; caps. ovate yellowish brown, lid with a long beak; per. teeth perforate.
Woolsonbury Hill, Sussex (chalk).III.
127.A. lanceolata.Röhl.St. ¼–½in. cæspitose; l.spreading ovate-lanceolate acute, margin recurved, entire; nerve excurrent into a longish mucro; caps. ovate; lid conical obliquely rostrate; per. teeth very variable, rather long, with a medial line.
Moist limestone banks, walls, &c.III.
128.A. latifolia.N. & H. St. short, gregarious, bulb-like; l. imbricate, broadly roundish ovate, pointed or obtuse, concave, nerve ceasing below apex: caps. oval-oblong, lid long, rostrate.
Alpine rocks, in crevices.Spring.
129.D. capillaceum.B. & S. St. 1–2in. cæspitose; l. subulate-setaceous, spreading; caps. erect, ovate-oblong or almost cylindrical, reddish brown; per. teeth, narrow, articulate, bi- or tri-fid.
Scotch and Welsh mountains.Summer.
130.D. inclinatum.B. & S. St. shorter than last, and less cæspitose; leaves same, per. l. 1, 2, or 3 together; caps. oval, olive-brown, inclined or cernuous; per. teeth larger lanceolate, articulate, entire or perforate, bi-trifid.
Irish and Scotch mountains.VI. VII.
131.D. rubellus.B. & S. St. ¼–1in. cæspitose, lowerleaves reddish, upper dull green, all oblong-lanceolate, spreading, margin recurved, keeled, nerved nearly to apex; caps. pale brown, cylindrical; lid with a short oblique beak; antheridia naked in axils of per. l.
Shady walls, rocks, &c.X.
132.D. Jenneri.Schp. St. 1–1½in. cæspitose, brownish black below; br. fastigiate; l. spreading cirrhate linear-lanceolate concave, keeled, serrate, nerved to apex; areolæ minute rectangular transparent at base; caps. oval-oblong, slightly drooping, lid with a short obtuse beak.
Ross-shire (Jenner and Howie). [Referred by Wilson, and others, toCynodontium polycarpon.]
133.D. luridus.Hornsch. St. ¼–1in. cæspitose; l., lower ovate-lanceolate, upper larger and broader, with entire recurved margins, keeled, acute, nerved (reddish) almost or quite to apex, areolæ small roundish; caps. symmetrical oblong on a shortish seta twisted to the right; lid conical pointed; per. teeth small irregular.
Limestone walls, &c., rare.XII.
134.D. cylindricus.B. & S. ¼–1in.; l. spreading flexuose, linear-lanceolate, margin undulate and minutely crenulate; areolæ small opaque, gradually enlarged towards the base, there diaphanous; caps. erect, narrow, cylindrical; lid long conico-rostrate, per. teeth linear-lanceolate, fugacious.
Damp shady rocks. E. S. & I.X.
135.D. flexifolius.Hook. & Tayl. Barren stems long trailing, fertile ½in; l. spreading, flexuose, more so when dry, oblong or ligulate, margin reflexed below, and serrate at apex, nerve not reaching apex; areolæ round; caps. small cylindrical, somewhat curved, lid with a short beak; per. teeth short.
High moorlands, Buxton, Alderley Edge, Ben Ledi.III. IV.
Old thatch, Amberley, Sussex (Mitten).
136.D. recurvifolius.Tayl. “Stems elongate, loosely cæspitose; l. squarrose, crisped and undulate when dry; elliptic-oblong or ligulate, pale margined serrulate, nerve sub-excurrent; areolæ small dense opaque, elongate and pellucid at base.” Ireland, 1842; fruit not known (Wilson).
137.T. tophaceum.Brid. St. ¼–1in. densely cæspitose, branches fasciculate; l. lanceolate (the upper ones obtuse), concave keeled, margins recurved; nerve not reaching to apex; caps. sub-cylindrical erect, regular; lid with an oblique beak; per. teeth variable, sometimes only 16, somewhat fugacious.
Moist places and rocks.XI.
138.T. brachydontium.Bruch. (T. mutabile.olim.)L. broader, lanceolate or ligulate, crisped, not cucullate, margin slightly undulate, nerve excurrent into a prominent mucro; caps. ovate-oblong erect, regular; lid obliquely rostrate; per. teeth very short and irregular.
139.T. crispulum.Bruch. St. ¼–1in., l. lower lanceolate, distant; upper crowded, longer, linear-lanceolate concave cucullate at apex, crisped when dry; nerve prolonged into a short mucro; caps. oval, erect, regular; lid with an oblique beak; perist. t. in unequal pairs.
Limestone rocks near the sea; Ormes Head; Anglesea; Bristol.VI. VII.
140.T. flavo-virens.Bruch. Müller. St. short, with innovations from summit (interruptedly comose); l. oblong-ligulate, obtuse mucronate, margins entire undulate incurved; fruit-stalk red, slightly flexuose; thick nerve prolonged into a short mucro; caps. oblong-cylindrical pale yellowish brown, with a red mouth; per. t. elongate, regular, in pairs. Lid acuminate, half as long as caps. with an oblique beak.
Shoreham, Sussex; Plymouth (Holmes), Malahide (Dr. Moore). [W. Mitten. Jour. Bot.,VI., p. 97.]
141.T. littorale.Mitten. St. elongate, tufted, more or less interruptedly comose; l. erecto-patent, oblong-ligulate obtuse, channelled, recurved towards apex, with nerve excurrentinto a short mucro; basal cells hyaline oblong and rectangular.
Ireland; Whitsand Bay, Cornwall; Hastings, (loc. cit. p. 99.)
142.T. (Ditrichum) tenue.Hedw. Dwarf, branched. L. from an erect base, patent or secund, narrowly lanceolate, uppermost lanceolate-subulate; per. l. sheathing half their length, quite entire; caps. oblong erect or a little curved, lid conic rostrate.
Carn Lochan and Mael Girdy, 1863 (Crombie); Clova (Fergusson).[Dr. Braithwaite, Jour. Bot.VIII.228.]
143.T. tortile.Schrad. St. ¼in. gregarious, sub-flexuose; l. mostly secund, somewhat falcate, margin reflexed, nerve excurrent into the slightly toothed apex; caps. small cylindrical, erect, regular or curved; lid conical, slightly rostrate; per. teeth irregular, purplish red.
Sandy places, rare; Belfast, Yorkshire, Sussex.X. XI.
144.T. flexicaule.Br. & S. St. 1–3in. flexuose, cæspitose, with fastigiate branches; l. longer and more setaceous than in last, flexuose, concave, usually secund, nerve broad, excurrent, toothed at apex; caps. erect, small, ovate-oblong; annulus present; per. teeth long irregular.
Scotch and Derbyshire mountains (calcareous).VI.
145.T. homomallum.B. & S. St. scarcely ½in. cæspitose; l. subulato-setaceous from a broadish base, mostly secund, nerve broad, much excurrent; caps. erect oblong-ovate, brown on a long red seta; annulus present; lid short conical obtuse; basilar membrane of perist. very narrow.
Sandy banks.Autumn.
146.T. subulatum.Bruch. St. ¼in. cæspitose; l. subulato-setaceous from an ovate base, spreading or somewhat secund, with a long excurrent nerve; caps. oval, lid large obliquely rostellate; seta somewhat flexuose; annulus none; basilar membrane very narrow; antheridia axillary naked.
Cornwall (Rev.—Tozer).Spring.
147.T. glaucescens.Hedw. St. ½in., branches fastigiate; l. glaucous, linear-lanceolate, margin plane (upper crowded into a tuft or coma), nerve sometimes excurrent into the denticulate apex; caps. oblong-oval, pale brown, with a long beaked lid; basilar membrane very narrow; barren fl. gemmiform.
Scotch mountains.Summer.
148.T. stellata.Schreb. 1771. (T. rigida.Schultz,) St. minute, loosely cæspitose; l. spreading from an uprightbase oblong obtuse, margin inflexed membranaceous; caps. erect elliptical; lid with a long oblique beak; calyp. half as large as capsule; per. teeth long, and much twisted; dioicous.
Limestone walls.XI. XII.
149.T. ambigua.Br. & S. (larger in all its parts than last.) L. ligulate lanceolate, apex cucullate, margin incurved; caps. erect cylindrical; lid rostrate; calyp. very short; per. teeth filiform, little twisted; arcuato-incurved when dry: dioicous.
Walls and banks (marly).XI. XII.
150.T. aloides.Br. & S. St. as above; l. spreading, narrowly lanceolate, acute, with a strong nerve; caps. cylindrical inclined; lid conical, bluntly rostrate; per. teeth scarcely twisted, when dry widely spreading: dioicous.
Clay banks.XI. XII.
151.T. lamellata.Lindb. (Pottia cavifoliavar.gracilis. Bry. Brit.) St. very short cæspitose; l. rather lax erecto-patent, concave, lower smaller, roundish oval, piliferous, upper larger oval spathulate, nerve excurrent into mucro; caps. oblong sub-cylindrical, striate when dry, on a long red seta; lid with a long rather oblique beak; perist. that of a trueTortula, but so fragile as to have escaped notice, and always falling off with the operculum according to Dr. Schimper; monoicous.
Banks and walls, Oxford (Boswell), Pontefract, Edinburgh (Nowell); Aldrington (Davies).II.
152.T. atrovirens.Smith. Lindb. [Didymodon nervosus, Hook. & T.Desmatodon nervosus, Bry. Brit.] St. ¼in. densely cæspitose, branched; l. spreading oval or oblong concave, margins revolute, nerve thick, prolonged into a short mucro; areolæ small roundish larger and diaphanous at base; caps. oval-oblong, lid large conical with an oblique beak.
Dry banks, &c., near the sea.
153.T. cuneifolia.Dicks. Gregarious; st. simple; l. upper crowded oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, nerve sometimes excurrent, soft, pellucid, areolæ loose; lower broadly ovate aristate; caps. oblong erect, lid obtuse short; basilar membrane of perist. broadish: monoicous.
Banks, sea coast, rare.III. IV.
154.T. marginata.B. & S. St. simple gregarious or cæspitose; l. oblong-lanceolate or linear, margin thickened, nerve sometimes excurrent into a mucro; caps. oblong, lid very large, shortly rostrate; basilar membrane narrow.
Sandstone walls, rare.V. VI.
155.T. Vahliana.Schultz. Small, gregarious or cæspitose; l. lower oblong, upper oblong wedge-shaped, nerve excurrent subulate, margin reflexed; caps. narrow elongate cylindrical, brown, sometimes slightly incurved; lid shortly subulate, annulus broad; basilar membrane of perist. tesselate: monoicous. Differs frommuralisin its broader softer leaves, narrower capsule, and longer basilar tube.
Damp clayey ground, on road sides, &c.Spring.
Sussex, 1863 (G. Davies); Woking, Surrey (Sheppard and Westell.)
156.T. canescens.Br. Simple gregarious or cæspitose, hoary; l. lower obovate, upper oval-oblong, all concave, with a recurved margin, and nerve excurrent into a long hair-like point; caps. small oblong erect, with a long oblique conical lid; basilar membrane broadish: monoicous.
Fairlight Glen, Hastings. (Mr. Jenner).
157.T. muralis.Timm. Short, cæspitose; l. oblong obtuse, margin recurved, nerve excurrent into a long hair-like point; caps. oblong erect, with a long rostellate lid; basilar membrane narrow: monoicous.
Walls and stones (δ limestone).IV. V.
158.T. mucronata.Brid. [Cinclidotus ripariusβ.terrestris. Bry. Brit.] St. 1–2in. radiculose, branches fastigiate; l. erecto-patent, long lingulate, concave, minutely papillose on both sides, margin slightly recurved, nerve thickexcurrent into a mucro; areolæ upper minute, rectangular and hyaline at base; caps. erect cylindrical incurved, lid with an oblique beak: dioicous.
Stones in streams. Anglesea, Bristol, Surrey, Sussex, in fr. (Davies.)IV.
159.T. unguiculata.Hedw. St. ⅛–1in. cæspitose, dichotomous; l. oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, margin recurved, nerve excurrent into a short mucro; caps. oblong-cylindrical erect on a long reddish seta; lid with a subulate beak: dioicous.
Clay banks and hedges.XII.
160.T. convoluta.Hedw. Cæspitose; l. spreading oblong-lanceolate, plane or somewhat undulate in margin, nerve not excurrent; per. l. strongly convolute, sheathing; caps. inclined oblong-ovate, on a yellowish seta; lid with a long oblique beak: dioicous.
Walls, &c.V. VI.
161.T. revoluta.Schwaeg. Densely cæspitose, l. crowded erecto-patent oblong-lanceolate, nerve excurrent from theblunt apex, margin strongly revolute; caps. reddish brown oval-oblong, with a scarcely oblique lid; seta red: dioicous.
Walls, mostly limestone.V.
162.T. Hornschuchiana.Schultz. Loosely cæspitose, l. crowded, spreading, ovate-lanceolate, gradually tapering to an acute point, formed by slightly excurrent nerve, margins slightly revolute; caps. oblong slightly curved, annulus narrow: dioicous.
Rocks, walls, and banks, not common.IV. V.
163.T. vinealis.Brid. St. more tufted than inT. fallax; l. strictly patent with a stouter nerve, which is obscure towards the acute apex; the latter usually tipped with a pointed hyaline cell; appressed when dry, not crisped or contorted; caps. sub-cylindrical: dioicous. (W. Mitten, in Jour. Bot. v. 324.)
Walls.IV. V.
164.T. insulana.De Not. (T. vinealisβ.flaccida. Bryol. Brit. 124.) St. loosely cæspitose; l. linear-subulate from a lanceolate appressed base, recurved or hooked, obliquely patent, acute, margin recurved below, above plane, nerve excurrent; contorted when dry; caps. oblong erect; lid conical attenuate, somewhat obtuse, half as long as capsule: rare in fruit. (loc. cit. 328.)
England and Ireland.
* [T. gracilis.Schw. Stem cæspitose, branches fastigiate; “l. erecto-patent, imbricated when dry, carinato-concave, margin recurved, nerve excurrent; per. l. larger, sheathing subulate, and flexuose at apex; caps. ovate-oblong or ovate; perist. scarcely contorted, with a broadish basilarmembrane.”—Wils. Bryol. Brit. p. 123. Inserted from Wilson, but has not yet been certainly found in Britain.]