FOOTNOTES:

"LETTERS FROM THE DEEP."To the Editor of the 'Times.'"Sir,—As attention has been drawn to the letters written on board the ship London, and washed ashore, it may be interesting to notice the following remarkable incident respecting a letter from another ship wrecked in the Bay of Biscay. In March, 1825, the Kent, East Indiaman, took fire in the Bay of Biscay during a storm while 641 persons were on board, most of them soldiers of the 31st Regiment. When all hope was gone, and before a little vessel was seen which ultimately saved more than 500 people from the Kent, Major —— wrote a few lines and enclosed the paper in a bottle, which was left in the cabin. Nineteen months after this the writer of the paper arrived in the island of Barbadoes, in command of another Regiment, and he was amazed to find that the bottle (cast into the sea by the explosion that destroyed the Kent) had been washed ashore on that very island. The paper, with its faint pencil lines expressing Christian faith, is still preserved; and this account of it can be authenticated by those who were saved."I am, your obedient servant,"One of Them."

"LETTERS FROM THE DEEP.

"To the Editor of the 'Times.'

"Sir,—As attention has been drawn to the letters written on board the ship London, and washed ashore, it may be interesting to notice the following remarkable incident respecting a letter from another ship wrecked in the Bay of Biscay. In March, 1825, the Kent, East Indiaman, took fire in the Bay of Biscay during a storm while 641 persons were on board, most of them soldiers of the 31st Regiment. When all hope was gone, and before a little vessel was seen which ultimately saved more than 500 people from the Kent, Major —— wrote a few lines and enclosed the paper in a bottle, which was left in the cabin. Nineteen months after this the writer of the paper arrived in the island of Barbadoes, in command of another Regiment, and he was amazed to find that the bottle (cast into the sea by the explosion that destroyed the Kent) had been washed ashore on that very island. The paper, with its faint pencil lines expressing Christian faith, is still preserved; and this account of it can be authenticated by those who were saved.

"I am, your obedient servant,"One of Them."

The bottle, after its long immersion, was thickly covered with weeds and barnacles. The following are the words of the "Letter from the Deep," which it contained:—

"The ship the Kent, Indiaman, is on fire—Elizabeth Joanna and myself commit our spirits into the hands of our blessed Redeemer—His grace enables us to be quite composed in the awful prospect of entering eternity."D. M'Gregor."1st March, 1825, Bay of Biscay."

"D. M'Gregor.

"1st March, 1825, Bay of Biscay."

The writer of that letter lives now with blessings on his venerable head, while he who records it anew is humbly grateful to God for his own preservation. And may we not say of every one who reads such words, written in such an hour, that his life would be unspeakably happy if he could lay hold now of so firm a Surety, and be certain to keep fast hold to the end?

The following notes are on miscellaneous points:—

(a) We are sometimes asked about such a canoe voyage as this, "Is it not very dangerous?"

There seems to me to be no necessary danger in the descent of a river in a canoe; but if you desire to make it as safe as possible you must get out at each difficult place and examine the course, and if the course is too difficult you may take the boat past the danger by land.

On the other hand, if the excitement and novelty of finding out a course on the spur of the moment is to be enjoyed, then, no doubt, there is more danger to the boat.

As for danger to the canoist, it is supposed,imprimis, that he is well able to swim, not only ina bath when stripped, but when unexpectedly thrown into the water with his clothes on, and that heknowshe can rely on this capacity.

If this be so, the chief danger to him occurs when he meets a steamer on rough water (rare enough on such a tour); for if his boat is upset by that, and his head is broken by the paddle floats, the swimming powers are futile for safety.

The danger incurred by the boat is certainly both considerable and frequent, but nothing short of the persuasion that the boat would be smashed if a great exertion is not made will incite the canoist to those very exertions which are the charm of travelling, when spirit, strength, and skill are to be proved. Men have their various lines of exercise as they have of duty. The huntsman may not understand the pleasures of a rapid, nor the boatman care for the delights of a "bullfinch." Certainly, however, the waterman can say that a good horse may carry a bad rider well, but that the best boat will not take a bad boatman through a mile of broken water. In each case there is, perhaps, a little ofpopulus me sibilat, and it may possibly be made up for by a good deal ofat mihi plaudo.

(b) It has been said that the constant use of a canoe paddle must contract the chest, but this is certainly a mistake. If, indeed, you merely dabble each blade of the paddle in the water without taking the full length of the stroke the shoulders are not thrown back, and the effect will be injurious; but exactly the same is true if you scull or row with a short jerky stroke.

In a proper use of the paddle the arms ought to be in turn fully extended, and then brought well back, so that the hand touches the side, and the chest is then well plied in both directions.

In using the single-bladed paddle, of which I have had experience in Canada and New Brunswick with the Indians in bark canoes and log canoes, there seems to be a less beneficial action on the pectoral muscles, but after three months' use of the double paddle I found the arms much strengthened, while clothes that fitted before were all too narrow round the chest when put on after this exercise.

(c) In shallow water the paddle should be clasped lightly, so that if it strikes the bottom or a rock the hand will yield and not the blade be broken.

Great caution should be used when placing the blade in advance to meet a rock, or even a gravel bank, otherwise it gets jammed in the rock or gravel, or the boat overrides it.

It is better in such a case to retard the speed rather by dragging the paddle (tenderly), and always with its flat side downwards, so that the edge does not get nipped.

(d) M. Farcôt, a French engineer, has lately exhibited on the Thames a boat which is rowed by the oarsman sitting with his face to the bow, who by this means secures one of the advantages of the canoe—that of seeing where you are going.

To effect this, a short prop or mast about three feet high is fixed in the boat, and the two sculls are jointed to it by their handles, while their weight is partlysustained by a strong spiral spring acting near the joint, and in such a manner as to keep the blade of the scull a few inches from the surface of the water when it is not pressed down purposely.

The sculler then sits with his face towards the mast and the bow, and he holds in each hand a rod jointed to the loom of the corresponding scull. By this means each scull is moved on the mast as a fulcrum with the power applied between that and the water. The operation of feathering is partially performed, and to facilitate this there is an ingeniously contrived guide.

This invention appears to be new, but it is evident that the plan retains many of the disadvantages of common sculls, and it leaves the double paddle quite alone as a simple means for propelling a canoe in narrow or tortuous channels, or where it has to meet waves, weeds, rocks, or trees, and moreover has to sail.

However, the muscular power of the arms can be applied with good effect in this new manner, and I found it not very difficult to learn the use of this French rowing apparatus, which is undoubtedly very ingenious, and deserves a full trial before a verdict is pronounced.

(e) In a difficult place where the boat is evidently going too near a rock, the disposition of the canoist is to change the direction by aforwardstroke on one side, but this adds to the force with which a collision may be invested. It is often better tobacka stroke on the other side, and thus to lessen this force; and this is nearlyalways possible to be done even when the boat appears to be simply drifting on the stream. In fact, as a maxim, there is always steerage way sufficient to enable the paddle to be used exactly as a rudder.

(f) When there is a brilliant glare of the sun, and it is low, and directly in front, and it is impossible to bear its reflection on the water, a good plan is to direct the bow to some point you are to steer for, and then observe the reflection of the sun on the cedar deck of the boat. Having done this you may lower the peak of your hat so as to cut off the direct rays of the sun, and its reflected rays on the water, while you steer simply by the light on the deck.

(g) When a great current moves across a river to a point where it seems very unlikely to have an exit, you may be certain that some unusual conformation of the banks or of the river bed will be found there, and caution should be used in approaching the place. This, however, is less necessary when the river is deep. Such cross currents are frequent on the Rhine, but they result merely from unevenness in the bottom far below, and thus we see how the rapids, most dangerous when the river is low, become quite agreeable and safe in high flood time.

(h) The ripple and bubbles among weeds are so totally different from those on free water that their appearance at a distance as a criterion of the depth, current, and direction of the channel must be learned separately. In general, where weeds are under water, and can sway or wave about, there will be water enough to pass—the requisite 3 inches. Backing up streamagainst long weeds is so troublesome, and so sure to sway the stern round athwart stream, that it is best to force the boat forward instead, even if you have to get out and pull her through.

(i) Paddling through rushes, or flags, or other plants above the water, so as to cut off a corner, is a mistake. Much more "way" is lost then by the friction than might be supposed.

(j) I noticed a very curious boat-bridge across the Rhine below Basle. It seemed to open wide without swinging, and on coming close to it the plan was found to be this. The boats of one half of the bridge were drawn towards the shore, and a stage connecting them ran on wheels along rails inwards from the river, and up an incline on the bank. This system is ingenious, convenient, and philosophical.

(k) Double-hulled boats have often been tried for sailing, but their disadvantages are manifest when the craft is on a large scale, though for toy-boats they answer admirably, and they are now quite fashionable on the Serpentine.

The double boat of the nautical tinman on the Rhine, before described, was a "fond conceit." But there are many double-hulled boats on French rivers, and they have this sole recommendation, that you sit high up, and so can fish without fearing you may "turn the turtle."

When the two hulls are reduced as much as possible, this sort of boat becomes an aquatic "walking machine," for one foot then rests on each hull. Propulsion is obtained either by linking the hullstogether with parallel bars moving on studs, while vanes are on each side, so as to act like fins, and to collapse for the alternate forward stroke of each foot bound to its hull—or a square paddle, or a pole works on the water or on the bottom. I have always noticed that the proprietors of such craft are ingenious, obstinate men, proud of their peculiar mode, and very touchy when it is criticised. However, it is usually best, and it is fortunately always easy, to paddle away from them.

(l) The hard exercise of canoe paddling, the open-air motion, constant working of the muscles about the stomach, and free perspiration result in good appetite and pleasant sleepiness at night. But at the end of the voyage the change of diet and cessation of exercise will be apt to cause derangement in the whole system, and especially in the digestion, if the high condition or "training" be not cautiously lowered into the humdrum "constitutionals" of more ordinary life. Still I have found it very agreeable to take a paddle in the Rob Roy up to Hammersmith and back even in December and March.

The last public occasion on which she appeared was on April 17, when the captain offered her aid to the Chief Constructor of the Navy in the effort of the Admiralty to launch the ironclad Northumberland. The offer was eagerly accepted, and the launch was accordingly successful.

The Rob Roy has since departed for a voyage to Norway and Iceland in the schooner yacht Sappho, whose young owner, Mr. W. F. Lawton, has promised"to be kind to her." It is intended that a new Rob Roy should make a voyage next summer with another canoe called the "Robin Hood."

(m) Other pleasant voyages may be suggested for the holiday of the canoist. One of these might begin with the Thames, and then down the Severn, along the north coast of Devon, and so by the river Dart to Plymouth. Another on the Solent, and round the Isle of Wight. The Dee might be descended by the canoe, and then to the left through the Menai Straits. Or a longer trip may be made through the Cumberland lakes by Windermere and the Derwent, or from Edinburgh by the Forth, into the Clyde, and through the Kyles of Bute to Oban; then along the Caledonian Canal, until the voyager can get into the Tay for a swift run eastward.

But why not begin at Gothenburg and pass through the pretty lakes of Sweden to Stockholm, and then skirt the lovely archipelago of green isles in the Gulf of Bothnia, until you get to Petersburg?

For one or other of such tours a fishing-rod and an air rifle, and for all of them a little dog, would be a great addition to the outfit.

In some breezy lake of these perhaps, or on some rushing river, the little Rob Roy may hope to meet the reader's canoe; and when the sun is setting, and the wavelets ripple sleepily, the pleasures of the paddle will be known far better than they have been told by the pen.

C. A. Macintosh, Printer, Great New-street, London.

[I.]SeeAppendix. Special hints for those who intend to "canoe it" will usually be given in the footnotes, or in theAppendix.

[II.]At Ostend I found an English gentleman preparing for a voyage on the Danube, for which he was to build a "centre board" boat. Although no doubt a sailing boat could reach the Danube by the Bamberg canal, yet, after four tours on that river from its source as far as Pest, I am convinced that to trust to sailing upon it would entail much tedious delay, useless trouble, and constant anxiety. If the wind is ahead you have all the labour of tacking, and are frequently in slack water near the banks, and often in channels where the only course would be dead to windward. If the wind is aft the danger of "running" is extreme where you have to "broach to" and stop suddenly near a shallow or a barrier. With a strong side wind, indeed, you can sail safely, but this must come from north or south, and the high banks vastly reduce its effect.

[III.]Frequent trials afterwards convinced me that towing is only useful if you feel very cramped from sitting. And this constraint is felt less and less as you get accustomed to sit ten or twelve hours at a time. Experience enables you to make the seat perfectly comfortable, and on the better rivers you have so frequently to get out that any additional change is quite needless. Towing is slower progress than paddling, even when your arms are tired, though my canoe was so light to tow that for miles I have drawn it by my little finger on a canal.

[IV.]This is an exceptional case, and I wrote from England to thank the officer. It would be unreasonable again to expect any baggage to be thus favoured. A canoe is at best a clumsy inconvenience in the luggage-van, and no one can wonder that it is objected to. In France the railwayfourgonsare shorter than in other countries, and the officials there insisted on treating my canoe as merchandise. The instances given above show what occurred in Belgium and Holland. In Germany little difficulty was made about the boat as luggage. In Switzerland there was no objection raised, for was not I an English traveller? As for the English railway guards, they have the good sense to see that a long light article like a canoe can be readily carried on the top of a passenger carriage. Probably some distinct rules will be instituted by the railways in each country, when they are found to be liable to a nautical incursion, but after all one can very well arrange to walk or see sights now and then, while the boat travels slower by a goods-train.

[V.]The legend about Pilate extends over Germany and Italy. Even on the flanks of Stromboli there is atalusof the volcano which the people dare not approach, "because of Pontius Pilate."

[VI.]After trying various modes of securing the canoe in a springless cart for long journeys on rough and hilly roads, I am convinced that the best way is to fasten two ropes across the top of a long cart and let the boat lie on these, which will bear it like springs and so modify the jolts. The painter is then made fast fore and aft, so as to keep the boat from moving back and forward. All plans for using trusses of straw, &c., fail after a few miles of rolling gravel and coarse ruts.

[VII.]The old Roman Ister. The name Donau is pronounced "Doanou." Hilpert says, "Dönau allied to Dón and Düna (a river)." In CelticDunemeans "river," andDonmeans "brown," while "au" in German is "island" (like the English "eyot").The other three rivers mentioned above, and depicted in the plan on the map with this book, seem to preserve traces of their Roman names. Thus the "Brigach" is the stream coming from the north where "Alt Breisach" now represents the Roman "Mons Brisiacus," while the "Brege" may be referred to "Brigantii," the people about the "Brigantinus Lacus," now the "Boden See" (Lake Constance), where also Bregentz now represents the Roman "Brigantius." The river Neckar was "Nicer" of old, and the Black Forest was "Hercynia Silva."The reader being now sufficiently confused about the source of the Danube and its name, let us leave the Latin in the quagmire and jump nimbly into our canoe.

The other three rivers mentioned above, and depicted in the plan on the map with this book, seem to preserve traces of their Roman names. Thus the "Brigach" is the stream coming from the north where "Alt Breisach" now represents the Roman "Mons Brisiacus," while the "Brege" may be referred to "Brigantii," the people about the "Brigantinus Lacus," now the "Boden See" (Lake Constance), where also Bregentz now represents the Roman "Brigantius." The river Neckar was "Nicer" of old, and the Black Forest was "Hercynia Silva."

The reader being now sufficiently confused about the source of the Danube and its name, let us leave the Latin in the quagmire and jump nimbly into our canoe.

[VIII.]The best geographical books give different estimates of this, some above and others below the amount here stated.

[IX.]See sketch,ante,page 49.

[X.]Two stimulants well known in England are much used in Germany,—tea and tobacco.(1) The tobacco plant (sometimes styled a weed, because it also grows wild) produces leaves, which are dried and rolled, and then treated with fire, using an appropriate instrument, by which the fumes are inhaled. The effect upon many persons is to soothe; but it impairs the appetite of others. The use is carried to excess in Turkey. The leaves contain a deadly poison.(2) The tea weed (sometimes styled a plant, because it also grows under cultivation) produces leaves, which are dried and rolled, and then treated with fire, using an appropriate instrument, by which the infusion is imbibed. The effect upon many persons is to cheer; but it impairs the sleep of others. The use is carried to excess in Russia. The leaves contain a deadly poison.Both these luxuries are cheap and portable, and are daily enjoyed by millions of persons in all climates. Both require care and moderation in their use. Both have advocates and enemies; and it cannot be settled by argument whether the plant or the weed is the more useful or hurtful to mankind.

[X.]Two stimulants well known in England are much used in Germany,—tea and tobacco.

(1) The tobacco plant (sometimes styled a weed, because it also grows wild) produces leaves, which are dried and rolled, and then treated with fire, using an appropriate instrument, by which the fumes are inhaled. The effect upon many persons is to soothe; but it impairs the appetite of others. The use is carried to excess in Turkey. The leaves contain a deadly poison.

(2) The tea weed (sometimes styled a plant, because it also grows under cultivation) produces leaves, which are dried and rolled, and then treated with fire, using an appropriate instrument, by which the infusion is imbibed. The effect upon many persons is to cheer; but it impairs the sleep of others. The use is carried to excess in Russia. The leaves contain a deadly poison.

Both these luxuries are cheap and portable, and are daily enjoyed by millions of persons in all climates. Both require care and moderation in their use. Both have advocates and enemies; and it cannot be settled by argument whether the plant or the weed is the more useful or hurtful to mankind.

[XI.]The invention of this method was made here, but its invaluable advantages were more apparent in passing the second rapid of Rheinfelden. Seepost,page 186, where described, with a sketch.

[XII.]Murray says: "The Meuse has been compared to the Wye; but is even more romantic than the English river." I would rank the Wye as much above the Meuse as below the Danube for romance in scenery.

[XIII.]Knapsack, from "schnap," "sach," provision bag, for "bits and bats," as we should say; havresack is from "hafer," "forage bag." Query.—Does this youthful carriage of the knapsack adapt boys for military service, and does it account for the high shoulders of many Germans?

[XIV.]In the newspaper accounts of the weather it was stated that at this time a storm swept over Central Europe.

[XV.]It will be noticed how the termination "ingen" is common here. Thus in our water route we have passed Donaueschingen, Geisingen, Mehringen, Tuttlingen, Friedingen, Sigmaringen, Riedlingen, Ehingen, Dischingen, and Gegglingen, the least and last. In England we have the "ing" in Dorking, Kettering, &c.

[XVI.]These maelstroms seem at first to demand extra caution as you approach, but they are harmless enough, for the water is deep, and it only twists the boat round; and you need not mind this except when the sail is up, but have a carethenthat you are not taken aback. In crossing one of these whirlpools at full speed it will be found needless to try to counteract the sudden action on your bow by paddling against it, for it is better to hold on as if there were no interference, and presently the action in the reverse direction puts all quite straight.

[XVII.]His Majesty has not forgotten the canoe, as will be seen by the following extract from the Paris intelligence in the "Globe" of April 20 (His Majesty's birthday):—"By an edict, dated April 6, 1866, issued this morning, the Ministre d'Etat institutes a special committee for the organisation of a special exhibition, at the Exposition Universelle of 1867, of all objects connected with the arts and industry attached to pleasure boats and river navigation. This measure is thought to display the importance which amateur navigation has assumed during the last few years—to display the honour in which is held thissport nouveau, as it is denominated in the report, and to be successful in abolishing the old and absurd prejudices which have so long prevented its development in France. The Emperor, whose fancy for imitating everything English leads him to patronise with alacrity all imitation of English sports in particular, is said to have suggested the present exhibition after reading MacGregor's 'Cruise of the Rob Roy,' which developes many new ideas of the purposes besides mere pleasure to which pleasure boats may be applied, and would be glad to encourage a taste for the exploration of solitary streams and lonely currents amongst the youth of France."

[XVII.]His Majesty has not forgotten the canoe, as will be seen by the following extract from the Paris intelligence in the "Globe" of April 20 (His Majesty's birthday):—

"By an edict, dated April 6, 1866, issued this morning, the Ministre d'Etat institutes a special committee for the organisation of a special exhibition, at the Exposition Universelle of 1867, of all objects connected with the arts and industry attached to pleasure boats and river navigation. This measure is thought to display the importance which amateur navigation has assumed during the last few years—to display the honour in which is held thissport nouveau, as it is denominated in the report, and to be successful in abolishing the old and absurd prejudices which have so long prevented its development in France. The Emperor, whose fancy for imitating everything English leads him to patronise with alacrity all imitation of English sports in particular, is said to have suggested the present exhibition after reading MacGregor's 'Cruise of the Rob Roy,' which developes many new ideas of the purposes besides mere pleasure to which pleasure boats may be applied, and would be glad to encourage a taste for the exploration of solitary streams and lonely currents amongst the youth of France."

[XVIII.]Each of these was in shape like the cigar ship which I had sailed past on the Thames, and which has since been launched.

[XIX.]This word, like other expressive French words, is commonly used in Germany and Switzerland.

[XX.]This is so very useful in extending the horizon of view, and in enabling you to examine a whole ledge of sunken rocks at once, that it is well worth the trouble of a week or two's practice.

[XXI.]I had not then acquired the knowledge of a valuable fact, that a sharp wave of this kindneverhas a rock behind it. A sharp wave requires free water at its rear, and it is therefore in the safest part of the river so far as concealed dangers are concerned. This at least was the conclusion come to after frequent observation afterwards of many such places.

[XXII.]See a faithful representation of this incident, so far as relates to the water, in theFrontispiece.

[XXIII.]However, I made the landlord here take eight francs as a compromise.

[XXIV.]This adventure was the result of temporary carelessness, while that at the rapids was the result of impatience, for the passage of these latter could probably have been effected without encountering the central wave had an hour or two been spent in examining the place. Let not any tourist, then, be deterred from a paddle on the Reuss, which is a perfectly suitable river, with no unavoidable dangers.

[XXV.]This was Lord Montague, the last of his line, and on the same day his family mansion of Cowdray, in Sussex, was burned to the ground.

[XXVI.]A sketch of this cow-cart will be found,post,page 213.

[XXVII.]"Lauffenburg" means the "town of the falls," from "laufen," to run; and the Yankee term "loafer" may come from this "herum laufer," one running about.

[XXVIII.]See an inventory of these in theAppendix.

[XXIX.]The sketch represents the lady cow which dragged the cart at Lauffenburg, but it will do almost equally well for the present equipage.

[XXX.]This invention, l'Extincteur, has since been exhibited in London, and it seems to be a valuable one.

[XXXI.]The Loss of the Kent East Indiaman by Fire in the Bay of Biscay, by General Sir D. Macgregor, K.C.B. (Religious Tract Society, Paternoster-row.) See a further note on this in theAppendix.

[XXXII.]The giant called "Anak," who has been exhibiting in London, is from the Vosges mountains.

[XXXIII.]Among other celebrated French "stations" there is the mountain of La Salette, near Grenoble, where, even in one day, 16,000 pilgrims have ascended to visit the spot where the Virgin Mary was said to have spoken to some shepherds. On the occasion of my pilgrimage there I met some donkeys with panniers bringing down holy water (in lemonade bottles) which was sold throughout Europe for a shilling a bottle, until a priest at the bottom of the mountain started a private pump of his own. The woman who had been hired to personate the Holy Saint confessed the deception, and it was exploded before the courts of law in a report which I read on the spot; but the Roman Catholic papers, even in England, published attractive articles to support this flagrant imposture, and its truth and goodness were vehemently proclaimed in a book by the Romish Bishop of Birmingham, with the assent of the Pope. Methinks it is easier to march barefoot 100 miles over sharp stones than to plod your honest walk of life on common pavement and with strong soled boots.

[XXXIV.]Some days previously a stranger gave me a bundle of papers to read, for which I thanked him much. Afterwards at leisure I examined the packet, which consisted of about thirty large pages sewn together, and comprising tracts upon politics, science, literature, and religion. The last subject was prominent, and was dealt with in a style clever, caustic, and censorious, which interested me much. These tracts were printed in England and with good paper and type. They are a weekly series, distributed everywhere at six shillings a dozen, and each page is entitled "The Saturday Review."

[XXXV.]The bamboo mast was meant originally to serve also as a boat-hook or hitcher, and had a ferrule and a fishing gaff neatly fastened on the end, which fitted also into the mast step. I recollect having used the boat-hook once at Gravesend, but it was instantly seen to be a mistake. You don't want a boat-hook when your canoe can come close alongside where it is deep, and will ground when it is shallow. Besides, to use a boat-hook you must drop the paddle.

[XXXVI.]The figures in [ ] are the dimensions of the old Rob Roy.

Milton House, Ludgate Hill,April, 1866.

A BIOGRAPHY of ADMIRAL SIR B.P.V. BROKE, Bart., K.C.B.By the Rev.John G. Brighton, Rector of Kent Town. Dedicated by express permission to His Royal Highness Prince Alfred. 8vo., price 20s.THE GREAT SCHOOLS of ENGLAND.A History of the Foundation, Endowments, and Discipline of the chief Seminaries of Learning in England; including Eton, Winchester, Westminster, St. Paul's, Charterhouse, Merchant Taylors', Harrow, Rugby, Shrewsbury, &c.; with notices of distinguished Scholars. ByHoward Staunton, Esq. With numerous Illustrations. 8vo., handsomely bound in cloth, price 12s."The book is as full of solid matter as of gossiping narrative and pleasant anecdote. As a handbook to our great schools Mr. Staunton's volume will have a wide class of readers."—Athenæum.SOCIAL LIFE of the CHINESE; with some Account of their Religion, Government, Educational, and Business Customs and Opinions. By the Rev.J. Doolittle, Fourteen Years Member of the Fuhchou Mission of the American Board. With 150 Illustrations. 3 vols. 8vo., 24s."We have no hesitation in saying that from these pages may be gathered more information about the social life of the Chinese than can be obtained from any other source. The importance of the work as a key to a right understanding of the character of so vast a portion of the human race ought to insure it an extensive circulation."—Athenæum.CAPTAIN HALL'S LIFE with the ESQUIMAUX.New and Cheaper Edition, with Coloured Engravings and upwards of 100 Woodcuts. With a Map. Price 7s.6d., cloth extra. Forming the cheapest and most popular Edition of a work on Arctic Life and Exploration ever published."This is a very remarkable book; and unless we very much misunderstand both him and his book, the author is one of those men of whom great nations do well to be proud."—Spectator.THE CRUISE of the FROLIC.ByW. H. G. Kingston. A Story for Young Yacht-loving People. Illustrated Edition, price 5s."Who does not welcome Mr. W.H.G. Kingston? Here he is again with an admirable boys' book. If boys do not love this book there is no truth in boyhood, and no use in reviewing; it is just the book for a present."—Illustrated Times.UNDER the WAVES;or, the Hermit Crab in Society. A Book for the Seaside. 3s.6d.; or gilt edges, 4s."This is one of the best books we know of to place in the hands of young and intelligent persons during a visit to the seaside."—Reader.A WALK from LONDON to the LAND'S END; with Notes by the Way. ByElihu Burritt. With Illustrations. 8vo., price 12s.A WALK from LONDON to JOHN O'GROAT'S.By the same Author. A New and Cheaper Edition. Price 6s.ESSAYS by MONTAIGNE.Choicely printed. With Vignette Portrait. Small post 8vo., price 6s.A SECOND SERIES of the GENTLE LIFE.Uniform with the First Series. Second Edition. Small post, price 6s.THE GENTLE LIFE;Essays on the Formation of Character of Gentlemen and Gentlewomen. Sixth Edition. Price 6s.LIKE UNTO CHRIST.A New Translation of the 'De Imitatione Christi,' usually ascribed to Thomas à Kempis. Beautifully printed on toned paper, with a Vignette, from an Original Drawing by Sir Thomas Lawrence. 12mo. cloth extra, price 6s.; or, handsomely bound in calf antique, 12s.BEES and BEE-KEEPING.By the 'Times Beemaster.' A Manual for all who Keep, or wish to Keep, Bees. With numerous Illustrations. Crown 8vo. cloth, 5s."Few letters that have appeared in these columns have been more popular than those addressed to us by the Beemaster. We do not wish to detract from this praise in saying that they were popular because the subject is popular. Bees have always been interesting to mankind, and no man of ordinary intelligence can describe in any detail their natural history without unfolding a little romance—a kind of fairy annals, that fills us with wonder and insures our attention. But our friend the Beemaster has the knack of exposition, and knows how to tell a story well; over and above which, he tells a story so that thousands can take a practical and not merely a speculative interest in it."—Times.

A BIOGRAPHY of ADMIRAL SIR B.P.V. BROKE, Bart., K.C.B.By the Rev.John G. Brighton, Rector of Kent Town. Dedicated by express permission to His Royal Highness Prince Alfred. 8vo., price 20s.

THE GREAT SCHOOLS of ENGLAND.A History of the Foundation, Endowments, and Discipline of the chief Seminaries of Learning in England; including Eton, Winchester, Westminster, St. Paul's, Charterhouse, Merchant Taylors', Harrow, Rugby, Shrewsbury, &c.; with notices of distinguished Scholars. ByHoward Staunton, Esq. With numerous Illustrations. 8vo., handsomely bound in cloth, price 12s.

"The book is as full of solid matter as of gossiping narrative and pleasant anecdote. As a handbook to our great schools Mr. Staunton's volume will have a wide class of readers."—Athenæum.

SOCIAL LIFE of the CHINESE; with some Account of their Religion, Government, Educational, and Business Customs and Opinions. By the Rev.J. Doolittle, Fourteen Years Member of the Fuhchou Mission of the American Board. With 150 Illustrations. 3 vols. 8vo., 24s.

"We have no hesitation in saying that from these pages may be gathered more information about the social life of the Chinese than can be obtained from any other source. The importance of the work as a key to a right understanding of the character of so vast a portion of the human race ought to insure it an extensive circulation."—Athenæum.

CAPTAIN HALL'S LIFE with the ESQUIMAUX.New and Cheaper Edition, with Coloured Engravings and upwards of 100 Woodcuts. With a Map. Price 7s.6d., cloth extra. Forming the cheapest and most popular Edition of a work on Arctic Life and Exploration ever published.

"This is a very remarkable book; and unless we very much misunderstand both him and his book, the author is one of those men of whom great nations do well to be proud."—Spectator.

THE CRUISE of the FROLIC.ByW. H. G. Kingston. A Story for Young Yacht-loving People. Illustrated Edition, price 5s.

"Who does not welcome Mr. W.H.G. Kingston? Here he is again with an admirable boys' book. If boys do not love this book there is no truth in boyhood, and no use in reviewing; it is just the book for a present."—Illustrated Times.

UNDER the WAVES;or, the Hermit Crab in Society. A Book for the Seaside. 3s.6d.; or gilt edges, 4s.

"This is one of the best books we know of to place in the hands of young and intelligent persons during a visit to the seaside."—Reader.

A WALK from LONDON to the LAND'S END; with Notes by the Way. ByElihu Burritt. With Illustrations. 8vo., price 12s.

A WALK from LONDON to JOHN O'GROAT'S.By the same Author. A New and Cheaper Edition. Price 6s.

ESSAYS by MONTAIGNE.Choicely printed. With Vignette Portrait. Small post 8vo., price 6s.

A SECOND SERIES of the GENTLE LIFE.Uniform with the First Series. Second Edition. Small post, price 6s.

THE GENTLE LIFE;Essays on the Formation of Character of Gentlemen and Gentlewomen. Sixth Edition. Price 6s.

LIKE UNTO CHRIST.A New Translation of the 'De Imitatione Christi,' usually ascribed to Thomas à Kempis. Beautifully printed on toned paper, with a Vignette, from an Original Drawing by Sir Thomas Lawrence. 12mo. cloth extra, price 6s.; or, handsomely bound in calf antique, 12s.

BEES and BEE-KEEPING.By the 'Times Beemaster.' A Manual for all who Keep, or wish to Keep, Bees. With numerous Illustrations. Crown 8vo. cloth, 5s.

"Few letters that have appeared in these columns have been more popular than those addressed to us by the Beemaster. We do not wish to detract from this praise in saying that they were popular because the subject is popular. Bees have always been interesting to mankind, and no man of ordinary intelligence can describe in any detail their natural history without unfolding a little romance—a kind of fairy annals, that fills us with wonder and insures our attention. But our friend the Beemaster has the knack of exposition, and knows how to tell a story well; over and above which, he tells a story so that thousands can take a practical and not merely a speculative interest in it."—Times.

LONDON: SAMPSON LOW, SON, & MARSTON,MILTON HOUSE, LUDGATE HILL.

PUBLISHING BY

SAMPSON LOW, SON, and MARSTON.

MILTON HOUSE, LUDGATE HILL, LONDON.

⁂When the price is not given, the work was not ready at the time of issuing this list.

[February 1, 1866.

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