THECONTENTS.INTRODUCTION concerning SirIsaac Newton’smethod of reasoning in philosophy————————pag. 1Book I.Chap. 1.Of the laws of motionThe first law of motion provedp. 29The second law of motion provedp. 29The third law of motion provedp. 31Chap. 2.Further proofs of the laws of motionThe effects of percussionp. 49The perpendicular descent of bodiesp. 55The oblique descent of bodies in a straight linep. 57The curvilinear descent of bodiesp. 58The perpendicular ascent of bodiesibid.The oblique ascent of bodiesp. 59The power of gravity proportional to the quantity of matter in each bodyp. 60The centre of gravity of bodiesp. 62The mechanical powersp. 69The leverp. 71The wheel and axisp. 77The pulleyp. 80The wedgep. 83The screwibid.The inclined plainp. 84The pendulump. 86Vibrating in a circleibid.Vibrating in a cycloidp. 91The line of swiftest descentp. 93The centre of oscillationp. 94Experiments upon the percussion of bodies made by pendulumsp. 98The centre of percussionp. 100The motion of projectilesp. 102The description of the conic sectionsp. 106The difference between absolute and relative motion, as also between absolute and relative timep. 112Chap. 3.Of centripetal forcesp. 117Chap. 4.Of the resistance of fluidsp. 143Bodies are resisted in the duplicate proportion of their velocitiesp. 147Of elastic fluids and their resistancep. 149How fluids may be rendered elasticp. 150The degree of resistance in regard to the proportion between the density of the body and of the fluidIn rare and uncompressed fluidsp. 153In compressed fluidsp. 155The degree of resistance as it depends upon the figure of bodiesIn rare and uncompressed fluidsp. 155In compressed fluidsp. 158Book II.Chap. 1.That the planets move in a space empty of sensible matterp. 161The system of the world describedp. 162The planets suffer no sensible resistance in their motionp. 166They are not kept in motion by a fluidp. 168That all space is not full of matter without vacanciesp. 169Chap. 2.Concerning the cause that keeps in motion the primary planetsp. 171They are influenced by a centripetal power directed to the sunp. 171The strength of this power is reciprocally in the duplicate proportion of the distanceibid.The cause of the irregularities in the motions of the planetsp. 175A correction of their motionsp. 178That the frame of the world is not eternalp. 180Chap. 3.Of the motion of the moon and the other secondary planetsThat they are influenced by a centripetal force directed toward their primary, as the primary are influenced by the sunp. 182That the power usually called gravity extends to the moonp. 189That the sun acts on the secondary planetsp. 190The variation of the moonp. 193That the circuit of the moons orbit is increased by the sun in the quarters, and diminished in the conjunction and oppositionp. 198The distance of the moon from the earth in the quarters and in the conjunction and opposition is altered by the sunp. 200These irregularities in the moon’s motion varied by the change of distance between the earth and sunp. 201The period of the moon round the earth and her distance varied by the same meansibid.The motion of the nodes and the inclination of the moons orbitp. 202The motion of the apogeon and change of the eccentricityp. 218The inequalities of the other secondary planets deducible from these of the moonp. 229Chap. 4.Of cometsThey are not meteors, nor placed totally without the planetary systemp. 230The sun acts on them in the same manner as on the planetsp. 231Their orbits are near to parabola’sp. 233The comet that appeared at the end of the year 1680, probably performs its period in 575 years, and another comet in 75 yearsp. 234Why the comets move in planes more different from one another than the planetsp. 235The tails of cometsp. 238The use of themp. 243 244The possible use of the comet it selfp. 245 246Chap. 5.Of the bodies of the sun and planetsThat each of the heavenly bodies is endued with an attractive power, and that the force of the same body on others is proportional to the quantity of matter in the body attractedp. 247This proved in the earthp. 248In the sunp. 250In the rest of the planetsp. 251That the attractive power is of the same nature in the sun and in all the planets, and therefore is the same with gravityp. 252That the attractive power in each of these bodies is proportional to the quantity of matter in the body attractingibid.That each particle of which the sun and planets are composed is endued with an attracting power, the strength of which is reciprocally in the duplicate proportion of the distancep. 257The power of gravity universally belongs to all matterp. 259The different weight of the same body upon the surface of the sun, the earth, Jupiter and Saturn; the respective densities of these bodies, and the proportion between their diametersp. 261Chap. 6.Of the fluid parts of the planetsThe manner in which fluids pressp. 264The motion of waves on the surface of waterp. 269The motion of sound through the airp. 270The velocity of soundp. 282Concerning the tidesp. 283The figure of the earthp. 296The effect of this figure upon the power of gravityp. 300The effect it has upon pendulumsp. 302Bodies descend perpendicularly to the surface of the earthp. 304The axis of the earth changes its direction twice a year, and twice a monthp. 313The figure of the secondary planetsibid.Book III.Chap. 1.Concerning the cause of colours inherent in the lightThe sun’s light is composed of rays of different coloursp. 318The refraction of lightp. 319320Bodies appear of different colour by day-light, because some reflect one kind of light more copiously than the rest, and other bodies other kinds of lightp. 329The effect of mixing rays of different coloursp. 334Chap. 2.Of the properties of bodies whereon their colours depend.Light is not reflected by impinging against the solid parts of bodiesp. 339The particles which compose bodies are transparentp. 341Cause of opacityp. 342Why bodies in the open day-light have different coloursp. 344The great porosity of bodies consideredp. 355Chap. 3.Of the refraction, reflection, and inflection of light.Rays of different colours are differently refractedp. 357The sine of the angle of incidence in each kind of rays bears a given proportion to the sine of refractionp. 361The proportion between the refractive powers in different bodiesp. 366Unctuous bodies refract most in proportion to their densityp. 368The action between light and bodies is mutualp. 369Light has alternate fits of easy transmission and reflectionp. 371The fits found to return alternately many thousand timesp. 375Why bodies reflect part of the light incident upon them and transmit another partibid.SirIsaac Newton’sconjecture concerning the cause of this alternate reflection and transmission of lightp. 376The inflection of lightp. 377Chap. 4.Of optic glasses.How the rays of light are refracted by a spherical surface of glassp. 378How they are refracted by two such surfacesp. 380How the image of objects is formed by a convex glassp. 381Why convex glasses help the sight in old age, and concave glasses assist short-sighted peoplep. 383The manner in which vision is performed by the eyep. 385Of telescopes with two convex glassesp. 386Of telescopes with four convex glassesp. 388Of telescopes with one convex and one concave glassibid.Of microscopesp. 389Of the imperfection of telescopes arising from the different refrangibility of the lightp. 390Of the reflecting telescopep. 393Chap. 5.Of the rainbowOf the inner rainbowp. 394395 398 399Of the outter bowp. 396397 400Of a particular appearance in the inner rainbowp. 401Conclusionp. 405ERRATA.PAGE 25. line 4. readIn these Precepts.p. 40. l. 24. forIreadK. p. 53. l. penult. f. Æ. r. F. p. 82. l. ult. f. 40. r. 41. p. 83 l. ult. f. 43. r. 45. p. 91. l. 3. f. 48. r. 50. ibid. l. 25. for 49. r. 51. p. 92. l. 18. f.A G F E.r.H G F C.p. 96. l. 23. dele the comma after {⅓}. p. 140. l. 12. deleand.p. 144. l. 15. f.threefold.r.two-fold.p. 162. l. 25. f. {⅓}. r. {⅞}. p. 193. 1. 2. r.always.p. 199. l. penult. and p. 200. l. 3. 5. f. F. r. C. p. 201. l. 8. f.ascends.r.must ascend.ibid. l. 10. f.it descends.r.descend.p. 208. l. 14. f.W T O.r.N T O.Infig.110. draw a line fromIthroughT, till it meets the circleA D C B, where placeW.p. 216. l. penult. f.action.r.motion.p. 221. l. 23. f.A F.r.A H.p. 232. l. 23. afterinventionput a full point. p. 253. l. penult. delete the comma afterremarkable. p. 255. l. ult. f.D E.r.B E.p. 278. l. 17. f. ξ τ. r. ξ π. p. 299. l. 19 r.the.p. 361. l. 12. f. I. r. t. p. 369. l. 2, 3. r.Pseudo-topaz.p. 378. l. 12. f.that.r.than.p. 379. l. 15. f.converge.r.diverge.p. 384. l. 7. f.optic-glass.r.optic-nerve.p. 391. l. 18. r.as 50 to 78.p. 392. l. 18. aftertelescopeaddbe about 100 feet long and the.infig. 161.f. δ put ε. p. 399. l. 8. r. A n, A x. &c. p. 400. 1. 19. r. A π, A ρ. A σ, A τ. A φ. p. 401. l. 14. r.fig. 163.The pages 374, 375, 376 are erroneously numbered 375, 376, 377; and the pages 382, 383 are numbered 381, 382.
THECONTENTS.INTRODUCTION concerning SirIsaac Newton’smethod of reasoning in philosophy————————pag. 1Book I.Chap. 1.Of the laws of motionThe first law of motion provedp. 29The second law of motion provedp. 29The third law of motion provedp. 31Chap. 2.Further proofs of the laws of motionThe effects of percussionp. 49The perpendicular descent of bodiesp. 55The oblique descent of bodies in a straight linep. 57The curvilinear descent of bodiesp. 58The perpendicular ascent of bodiesibid.The oblique ascent of bodiesp. 59The power of gravity proportional to the quantity of matter in each bodyp. 60The centre of gravity of bodiesp. 62The mechanical powersp. 69The leverp. 71The wheel and axisp. 77The pulleyp. 80The wedgep. 83The screwibid.The inclined plainp. 84The pendulump. 86Vibrating in a circleibid.Vibrating in a cycloidp. 91The line of swiftest descentp. 93The centre of oscillationp. 94Experiments upon the percussion of bodies made by pendulumsp. 98The centre of percussionp. 100The motion of projectilesp. 102The description of the conic sectionsp. 106The difference between absolute and relative motion, as also between absolute and relative timep. 112Chap. 3.Of centripetal forcesp. 117Chap. 4.Of the resistance of fluidsp. 143Bodies are resisted in the duplicate proportion of their velocitiesp. 147Of elastic fluids and their resistancep. 149How fluids may be rendered elasticp. 150The degree of resistance in regard to the proportion between the density of the body and of the fluidIn rare and uncompressed fluidsp. 153In compressed fluidsp. 155The degree of resistance as it depends upon the figure of bodiesIn rare and uncompressed fluidsp. 155In compressed fluidsp. 158Book II.Chap. 1.That the planets move in a space empty of sensible matterp. 161The system of the world describedp. 162The planets suffer no sensible resistance in their motionp. 166They are not kept in motion by a fluidp. 168That all space is not full of matter without vacanciesp. 169Chap. 2.Concerning the cause that keeps in motion the primary planetsp. 171They are influenced by a centripetal power directed to the sunp. 171The strength of this power is reciprocally in the duplicate proportion of the distanceibid.The cause of the irregularities in the motions of the planetsp. 175A correction of their motionsp. 178That the frame of the world is not eternalp. 180Chap. 3.Of the motion of the moon and the other secondary planetsThat they are influenced by a centripetal force directed toward their primary, as the primary are influenced by the sunp. 182That the power usually called gravity extends to the moonp. 189That the sun acts on the secondary planetsp. 190The variation of the moonp. 193That the circuit of the moons orbit is increased by the sun in the quarters, and diminished in the conjunction and oppositionp. 198The distance of the moon from the earth in the quarters and in the conjunction and opposition is altered by the sunp. 200These irregularities in the moon’s motion varied by the change of distance between the earth and sunp. 201The period of the moon round the earth and her distance varied by the same meansibid.The motion of the nodes and the inclination of the moons orbitp. 202The motion of the apogeon and change of the eccentricityp. 218The inequalities of the other secondary planets deducible from these of the moonp. 229Chap. 4.Of cometsThey are not meteors, nor placed totally without the planetary systemp. 230The sun acts on them in the same manner as on the planetsp. 231Their orbits are near to parabola’sp. 233The comet that appeared at the end of the year 1680, probably performs its period in 575 years, and another comet in 75 yearsp. 234Why the comets move in planes more different from one another than the planetsp. 235The tails of cometsp. 238The use of themp. 243 244The possible use of the comet it selfp. 245 246Chap. 5.Of the bodies of the sun and planetsThat each of the heavenly bodies is endued with an attractive power, and that the force of the same body on others is proportional to the quantity of matter in the body attractedp. 247This proved in the earthp. 248In the sunp. 250In the rest of the planetsp. 251That the attractive power is of the same nature in the sun and in all the planets, and therefore is the same with gravityp. 252That the attractive power in each of these bodies is proportional to the quantity of matter in the body attractingibid.That each particle of which the sun and planets are composed is endued with an attracting power, the strength of which is reciprocally in the duplicate proportion of the distancep. 257The power of gravity universally belongs to all matterp. 259The different weight of the same body upon the surface of the sun, the earth, Jupiter and Saturn; the respective densities of these bodies, and the proportion between their diametersp. 261Chap. 6.Of the fluid parts of the planetsThe manner in which fluids pressp. 264The motion of waves on the surface of waterp. 269The motion of sound through the airp. 270The velocity of soundp. 282Concerning the tidesp. 283The figure of the earthp. 296The effect of this figure upon the power of gravityp. 300The effect it has upon pendulumsp. 302Bodies descend perpendicularly to the surface of the earthp. 304The axis of the earth changes its direction twice a year, and twice a monthp. 313The figure of the secondary planetsibid.Book III.Chap. 1.Concerning the cause of colours inherent in the lightThe sun’s light is composed of rays of different coloursp. 318The refraction of lightp. 319320Bodies appear of different colour by day-light, because some reflect one kind of light more copiously than the rest, and other bodies other kinds of lightp. 329The effect of mixing rays of different coloursp. 334Chap. 2.Of the properties of bodies whereon their colours depend.Light is not reflected by impinging against the solid parts of bodiesp. 339The particles which compose bodies are transparentp. 341Cause of opacityp. 342Why bodies in the open day-light have different coloursp. 344The great porosity of bodies consideredp. 355Chap. 3.Of the refraction, reflection, and inflection of light.Rays of different colours are differently refractedp. 357The sine of the angle of incidence in each kind of rays bears a given proportion to the sine of refractionp. 361The proportion between the refractive powers in different bodiesp. 366Unctuous bodies refract most in proportion to their densityp. 368The action between light and bodies is mutualp. 369Light has alternate fits of easy transmission and reflectionp. 371The fits found to return alternately many thousand timesp. 375Why bodies reflect part of the light incident upon them and transmit another partibid.SirIsaac Newton’sconjecture concerning the cause of this alternate reflection and transmission of lightp. 376The inflection of lightp. 377Chap. 4.Of optic glasses.How the rays of light are refracted by a spherical surface of glassp. 378How they are refracted by two such surfacesp. 380How the image of objects is formed by a convex glassp. 381Why convex glasses help the sight in old age, and concave glasses assist short-sighted peoplep. 383The manner in which vision is performed by the eyep. 385Of telescopes with two convex glassesp. 386Of telescopes with four convex glassesp. 388Of telescopes with one convex and one concave glassibid.Of microscopesp. 389Of the imperfection of telescopes arising from the different refrangibility of the lightp. 390Of the reflecting telescopep. 393Chap. 5.Of the rainbowOf the inner rainbowp. 394395 398 399Of the outter bowp. 396397 400Of a particular appearance in the inner rainbowp. 401Conclusionp. 405ERRATA.PAGE 25. line 4. readIn these Precepts.p. 40. l. 24. forIreadK. p. 53. l. penult. f. Æ. r. F. p. 82. l. ult. f. 40. r. 41. p. 83 l. ult. f. 43. r. 45. p. 91. l. 3. f. 48. r. 50. ibid. l. 25. for 49. r. 51. p. 92. l. 18. f.A G F E.r.H G F C.p. 96. l. 23. dele the comma after {⅓}. p. 140. l. 12. deleand.p. 144. l. 15. f.threefold.r.two-fold.p. 162. l. 25. f. {⅓}. r. {⅞}. p. 193. 1. 2. r.always.p. 199. l. penult. and p. 200. l. 3. 5. f. F. r. C. p. 201. l. 8. f.ascends.r.must ascend.ibid. l. 10. f.it descends.r.descend.p. 208. l. 14. f.W T O.r.N T O.Infig.110. draw a line fromIthroughT, till it meets the circleA D C B, where placeW.p. 216. l. penult. f.action.r.motion.p. 221. l. 23. f.A F.r.A H.p. 232. l. 23. afterinventionput a full point. p. 253. l. penult. delete the comma afterremarkable. p. 255. l. ult. f.D E.r.B E.p. 278. l. 17. f. ξ τ. r. ξ π. p. 299. l. 19 r.the.p. 361. l. 12. f. I. r. t. p. 369. l. 2, 3. r.Pseudo-topaz.p. 378. l. 12. f.that.r.than.p. 379. l. 15. f.converge.r.diverge.p. 384. l. 7. f.optic-glass.r.optic-nerve.p. 391. l. 18. r.as 50 to 78.p. 392. l. 18. aftertelescopeaddbe about 100 feet long and the.infig. 161.f. δ put ε. p. 399. l. 8. r. A n, A x. &c. p. 400. 1. 19. r. A π, A ρ. A σ, A τ. A φ. p. 401. l. 14. r.fig. 163.The pages 374, 375, 376 are erroneously numbered 375, 376, 377; and the pages 382, 383 are numbered 381, 382.
INTRODUCTION concerning SirIsaac Newton’smethod of reasoning in philosophy————————pag. 1
Book I.
Book II.
Book III.
PAGE 25. line 4. readIn these Precepts.p. 40. l. 24. forIreadK. p. 53. l. penult. f. Æ. r. F. p. 82. l. ult. f. 40. r. 41. p. 83 l. ult. f. 43. r. 45. p. 91. l. 3. f. 48. r. 50. ibid. l. 25. for 49. r. 51. p. 92. l. 18. f.A G F E.r.H G F C.p. 96. l. 23. dele the comma after {⅓}. p. 140. l. 12. deleand.p. 144. l. 15. f.threefold.r.two-fold.p. 162. l. 25. f. {⅓}. r. {⅞}. p. 193. 1. 2. r.always.p. 199. l. penult. and p. 200. l. 3. 5. f. F. r. C. p. 201. l. 8. f.ascends.r.must ascend.ibid. l. 10. f.it descends.r.descend.p. 208. l. 14. f.W T O.r.N T O.Infig.110. draw a line fromIthroughT, till it meets the circleA D C B, where placeW.p. 216. l. penult. f.action.r.motion.p. 221. l. 23. f.A F.r.A H.p. 232. l. 23. afterinventionput a full point. p. 253. l. penult. delete the comma afterremarkable. p. 255. l. ult. f.D E.r.B E.p. 278. l. 17. f. ξ τ. r. ξ π. p. 299. l. 19 r.the.p. 361. l. 12. f. I. r. t. p. 369. l. 2, 3. r.Pseudo-topaz.p. 378. l. 12. f.that.r.than.p. 379. l. 15. f.converge.r.diverge.p. 384. l. 7. f.optic-glass.r.optic-nerve.p. 391. l. 18. r.as 50 to 78.p. 392. l. 18. aftertelescopeaddbe about 100 feet long and the.infig. 161.f. δ put ε. p. 399. l. 8. r. A n, A x. &c. p. 400. 1. 19. r. A π, A ρ. A σ, A τ. A φ. p. 401. l. 14. r.fig. 163.The pages 374, 375, 376 are erroneously numbered 375, 376, 377; and the pages 382, 383 are numbered 381, 382.
PAGE 25. line 4. readIn these Precepts.p. 40. l. 24. forIreadK. p. 53. l. penult. f. Æ. r. F. p. 82. l. ult. f. 40. r. 41. p. 83 l. ult. f. 43. r. 45. p. 91. l. 3. f. 48. r. 50. ibid. l. 25. for 49. r. 51. p. 92. l. 18. f.A G F E.r.H G F C.p. 96. l. 23. dele the comma after {⅓}. p. 140. l. 12. deleand.p. 144. l. 15. f.threefold.r.two-fold.p. 162. l. 25. f. {⅓}. r. {⅞}. p. 193. 1. 2. r.always.p. 199. l. penult. and p. 200. l. 3. 5. f. F. r. C. p. 201. l. 8. f.ascends.r.must ascend.ibid. l. 10. f.it descends.r.descend.p. 208. l. 14. f.W T O.r.N T O.Infig.110. draw a line fromIthroughT, till it meets the circleA D C B, where placeW.p. 216. l. penult. f.action.r.motion.p. 221. l. 23. f.A F.r.A H.p. 232. l. 23. afterinventionput a full point. p. 253. l. penult. delete the comma afterremarkable. p. 255. l. ult. f.D E.r.B E.p. 278. l. 17. f. ξ τ. r. ξ π. p. 299. l. 19 r.the.p. 361. l. 12. f. I. r. t. p. 369. l. 2, 3. r.Pseudo-topaz.p. 378. l. 12. f.that.r.than.p. 379. l. 15. f.converge.r.diverge.p. 384. l. 7. f.optic-glass.r.optic-nerve.p. 391. l. 18. r.as 50 to 78.p. 392. l. 18. aftertelescopeaddbe about 100 feet long and the.infig. 161.f. δ put ε. p. 399. l. 8. r. A n, A x. &c. p. 400. 1. 19. r. A π, A ρ. A σ, A τ. A φ. p. 401. l. 14. r.fig. 163.The pages 374, 375, 376 are erroneously numbered 375, 376, 377; and the pages 382, 383 are numbered 381, 382.