Alexander II., great hopes at his accession,256;rise of the revolutionary party during his reign,257;assassination,265.Alexander III., and the revolutionary party,270,325.Allen, W.,62.Altruism,11.America, no class divisions till the middle of the nineteenth century,334; great transformation in industrial conditions,335;organised capital confronted with organised labour,335-336;the plutocracy and Rockefeller,371;problem before the American people,372, etc.Anarchism, first taught by Proudhon,56;the Marx school and the anarchist,151;its relation to the International,190-192;Michael Bakunin, its great apostle,237;set forth by Bakunin,240, etc.;and at the trial at Lyons,243-245;summed up and criticised,246;a leading form of socialism in Russia,257-272;France, Italy,243,324;in Spain,324.Anarchy, socialism wrongly identified with,7.Art as related to socialism,11.Association of all classes of all nations founded by Owen,3.Association, productive, with State help,108,110,119.Australia, Labour Party in,334;its power limited by circumstances,393-394.Austria, 325,377-378.Babeuf, his communism,18.Bakunin, Michael, at Paris,42;activity in the International,190,191;his life,237;opinions,240;his influence in Russia,260.Bax, Belfort,329.Bazard,26.Bebel,208,212,218,315, etc.,380.Belgium,319.Bentham, Jeremy,62.Bernstein,220,314.Bismarck, his work in German history,79;his historic insight,94;his relation to the German Social Democracy,216, etc.;his State socialism,347.Blanc, Louis, his method of remuneration,9;his activity during the Revolution of 1848,42;life and theories,43;points of agreement with Lassalle,273,274.Bourgeoisie, the middle or capitalist class,41,98,139, etc.,172, etc.;its position in Russia,255,266;a theory of Marx,411.Capital, aim of socialism with regard to it,8,9,10, etc.;contrast between labour and capital,25;individual capital, an institution in Fourier’s system,38,40;how regarded by L. Blanc,45,46;by Proudhon,56;how to be obtained by the productive associations of Lassalle,108;a historic category,113;word wrongly used by socialists,114;exposition of capital by Marx,138, etc.;its international relation to labour,171, etc.;its place in anarchism,241,245;its place in a reasonable socialism,290, etc.Capitalism, correct name for the prevalent economic order as controlled by capitalists,115,141,145.Catholic Church, its societies and their property,16;how related to Saint-Simon,25,29;its social activity,340.Chartism, its import,42,70.Christian socialism, in England,71;in Germany,342.Christian Social Union,343.Christianity, relation to socialism,10,71,339,389.Clifford,343.Collectivism, economic basis of the prevalent socialism,12;its place in L. Blanc’s system,46;goal of Lassalle’s scheme,111;economic basis of anarchism,247,249;goal of the social democratic movement,229;its abstractness criticised,290;the goal of international socialism,369.Colonial system,368.Commune, the, its place in Fourier’s system,31;at Paris,188;its place in anarchism,243,273;its general place in socialism,289,346.Communism, its relation to socialism,16,18.Communist Party, formation,133,172;its manifesto,173, etc.,366, etc.Conjunctures, Lassalle’s theory of,112.Co-operative movement, really founded by Owen,70;promoted by Christian socialists in England,71;movement in Germany and its relation to Lassalle,84,106,107,116;commended by the International,180,184,185;its recent progress,350, etc.Darwin, relation of his doctrine of development to economics,281;relation of his teaching to that of Marx,294;relation of his theory to socialism,295, etc.Democracy, socialism its economic complement,10;one of the conditions necessary for the growth of socialism,18;the political basis of L. Blanc’s schemes,43, etc.;development of,47;democracy of workers,99,120;how trained for its great task,148,160;its importance,284,287,288;its place in social evolution,357,381, etc.Denmark,318.Distribution, problem of, how solved in various schools of socialism,9;such methods criticised,291;moral and scientific basis of,360.Dönniges, Fraulein von,91.Empire, the conception of, and socialism,406-409.Enfantin,26,27,29.Engels, Fr.,73,130,132,135;his exposition of the function of the State,150.Fabian Society, origin and aims,329,330;some of its views criticised,331,400,401;its basis,427.Feudalism, in relation to socialism,11,19,24;its overthrow by the capitalist class,97,142;not a stereotyped system,278;evolved by the struggle for existence,298.Fourier, method of remuneration,9;admitted private capital,13;a founder of socialism,15;grew up under the immediate influence of the French Revolution,18;life and opinions,31;contrast to Saint-Simon and the centralising socialism,31,273,274;his safeguards for individual and local freedom,290.George, Henry,328.Hegel, influence on Lassalle,74;on Marx,131,151,152,161,279;his doctrine of development,294.Held, Adolf, definition of socialism,5.Holland,318.Homestead, its place in a reasonable socialism,407.Hyndman,328.Independent Labour Party,330,332.India,368,408.Individuality under socialism,11,307,406,420.International, its aim,6;Marx and the International,166;history,168;influence in it of Bakunin,190;influence of it on the Russian revolutionary movement,260;revival,363, etc.Italy,322,381,391.Janet, Paul, definition of socialism,5.Jaurèz,321.Keir Hardie, Mr.,333.Kent, Duke of,66.Ketteler, Bishop,88,340.Kingsley,71.Kropotkin, Prince,243,244.Labour Party in Britain, how founded,332-333;its strength and character,333.Laissez-faire,4;economic optimism implied in it,14;entirely unsuitable to Prussia,280;its adherents in England,347;influence on labour,398.Lassalle, at Paris,42;on the power of lying,49;his life,73;his theories,95;his relations to Marx,95;Rodbertus,95,124;position of the Social Democratic Party at his death,203;Bismarck’s relation to him,216;his influence on the revolutionary party in Russia,259;points of agreement with L. Blanc,273,274;his presentation of socialism,279;exaggerated estimate of the influence of the social principle,306;his Iron Law of Wages, considered in relation to the evolution of capitalism,409.Laveleye, definition of socialism,5.Lavroff,243,260.Leroux, Pierre,26.Liebknecht, W.,208,210,218,233, etc.,316.Lodge, Senator, on the very serious situation established by the trusts,372,376.Ludlow,71.Malthus, relation to Owen,69;his theory and the population question,296;struggle for existence,297.Manchester theory of the State,102.Marx, Karl, his relation to the existing State,6;his school the most influential form of contemporary socialism,15;Proudhon’s right ofaubaine, compared with the theory of capital,56;his theory of surplus value enunciated by the Chartists,71;comparison of his character with Lassalle’s,92;relation of his theory of surplus value to Lassalle’s Iron Law of Wages,103;collectivism common to him with Lassalle and Rodbertus,111;use of the wordcapital,114;life and theories,130;criticism of his theories,154;compared with Adam Smith,162;his place in history,166;founding of the Communist League,172;influence on the International,179, etc.;influence on the Social Democratic movement in Germany,230;influence on the revolutionary movement in Russia,259;socialist movement should not be identified with his views,275;his abstractness,279;in England,328;his views criticised,386, etc.,411, etc.Materialism, relation to socialism,10;as held by Marx,151,158, etc.;held by Bakunin,240;socialism purified from it,285.Maurice,71.Mazzini,179,243.Militarism,368.Mill, J. S., his conception of socialism,286.Milton,414.Mir, the Russian form of the village community,251, etc.;its analogy to the community of Owen, thephalangeof Fourier, and the free commune of Bakunin,273;its possible disintegration,384;the starting-point of agrarian reform,392.More, Thomas,16.Municipality, or commune, as a factor in the evolution of socialism,189,346, etc.Napoleon I.,169.Napoleon III.,57,178.New Christianity of Saint-Simon,25.New Harmony,66.New Lanark,60.New Zealand, a democratic State,349.Nicholas, Emperor,63.Nihilism, the correct name for the early stage of the revolutionary movement in Russia,257, etc.Orbiston,96.Owen, Robert, founder of the association of all classes of all nations,3;one of the historic founders of socialism,4, etc.;the influences that conditioned his work,19;life and theories,59;doctrine of surplus value held in his school,137;influence on Russian revolutionary movement,259;desire for a ready-made socialism,273.Phalange,31,33,273.Plato,16.Political economy, its relation to socialism,14;historical and ethical conception of, promoted by socialism,281;its relation to socialism again considered,338,339,409-410.Progressist party in Germany,79,83,208.Proletariat, the class excluded from land and capital and dependent on wage-labour,8;brought into active historic contrast to thebourgeoisie,41;its share in the risings at Paris, 1848,50;its position conditioned by the development of capitalism,139;and necessary to it,141;its greatrôlein the final dissolution of capitalism,148, etc.;its emancipation, the great aim of international socialism,172;Marx the scientific expounder of the conditions of its existence and of its emancipation,173, etc.;the Commune at Paris considered as a struggle for its deliverance,189;how existing in Russia,260;the democracy still mainly a proletariat,357;Marx’s theory of its future development,412.Proudhon, one of the leaders of the socialism of 1848,42;life and theories,51;theory of surplus value underlies his extravagances,137;the founder of anarchism,56,237;his influence in the International,183;his exposition of anarchism,248.Ralahine,67.Reybaud,4.Rockefeller,371,376.Rodbertus, his general conception of socialism,13;relation to Lassalle,95,96;life and theories,123;relation to Lassalle and Marx,137;too abstract and Prussian,279.Roosevelt, his proposals for social reform,399.Roscher,5.Rousseau,18.Russia, the development of socialistic opinion,21;anarchism,237;revolutionary opinion,250, etc.;renewal of revolutionary activity,325-327;its repression,382-384.Saint-Simon, one of the historic founders of socialism,4,15, etc.;his life and opinions,22;represented the principle of authority in the development of socialism,274;the golden age,420.Schäffle, definition of socialism,12;too abstract and Prussian in his conception of socialism,277;his high rank as an economist,339.Scheel,6.Schulze-Delitzsch, his schemes,84;Lassalle’s treatment of him,86;Lassalle’s criticism of his schemes,107;the same examined,115, etc.Schweitzer,203,207, etc.Shaw, G. B.,330.Smith, Adam, in relation to freedom,17;compared with Marx,162;his principle of natural liberty,278,292.Social Democracy, its programme in Germany,9;as taught by L. Blanc,48;by Lassalle,84, etc.;German,197, etc.,311, etc.;its general aim,363, etc.Social Democratic Federation,329.Social selection,304,416.Social workshops of Louis Blanc,45,48.Socialist League,329.Socialist Revolutionary Party in Russia,326,382.Spectator,382.State, in relation to socialism,6;historic relation to property,16;its place in Saint-Simon,31;in Louis Blanc,44;in Lassalle,101, etc.;in Rodbertus,127;itsrôleas explained by Fr. Engels,150;Bakunin’s relation to it,240;two opposing tendencies with regard to it in socialist movement,274;its place in socialism,345, etc.;further discussed,400,401,405-409.Stepniak’s estimate of the numbers of the Russian Revolutionary Party,271.Strike, general, advocated by Bebel to meet certain emergencies,316.Surplus value, theory of, as held by Chartists,71;as held by Owenites, Rodbertus, Proudhon, etc.,137;its development by Marx,138, etc.;criticism of Marx’s theory of it,154.Times, the, and the International,187.Trade unions and socialism,367,369,391-405.Trusts, how they have grown in America,335-337;a remedy for the evils of competition,354-355;not confined to America,355;a proof of the inadequacy of competition,359, but a natural result of it,404;a menace to labour and to society,411.Turgenief, his novel,Fathers and Sons,258.Tytherley,67.Tzardom, its great function in Russian history,251,266, etc.Vienna, great demonstration,377.Village community, its place in history,253;in English history,397;should be restored to life under modern conditions,407.Voltaire,18,246.Vooruit, at Ghent,352.Wages, Iron Law of,103, etc.,384.Wagner, definition of socialism,12;justly charged with abstractness,277.Webb, Sidney,330.Wells, H. G.,330.Westcott,343.William I., Emperor,79.William II., Emperor,121,195.
Alexander II., great hopes at his accession,256;rise of the revolutionary party during his reign,257;assassination,265.Alexander III., and the revolutionary party,270,325.Allen, W.,62.Altruism,11.America, no class divisions till the middle of the nineteenth century,334; great transformation in industrial conditions,335;organised capital confronted with organised labour,335-336;the plutocracy and Rockefeller,371;problem before the American people,372, etc.Anarchism, first taught by Proudhon,56;the Marx school and the anarchist,151;its relation to the International,190-192;Michael Bakunin, its great apostle,237;set forth by Bakunin,240, etc.;and at the trial at Lyons,243-245;summed up and criticised,246;a leading form of socialism in Russia,257-272;France, Italy,243,324;in Spain,324.Anarchy, socialism wrongly identified with,7.Art as related to socialism,11.Association of all classes of all nations founded by Owen,3.Association, productive, with State help,108,110,119.Australia, Labour Party in,334;its power limited by circumstances,393-394.Austria, 325,377-378.Babeuf, his communism,18.Bakunin, Michael, at Paris,42;activity in the International,190,191;his life,237;opinions,240;his influence in Russia,260.Bax, Belfort,329.Bazard,26.Bebel,208,212,218,315, etc.,380.Belgium,319.Bentham, Jeremy,62.Bernstein,220,314.Bismarck, his work in German history,79;his historic insight,94;his relation to the German Social Democracy,216, etc.;his State socialism,347.Blanc, Louis, his method of remuneration,9;his activity during the Revolution of 1848,42;life and theories,43;points of agreement with Lassalle,273,274.Bourgeoisie, the middle or capitalist class,41,98,139, etc.,172, etc.;its position in Russia,255,266;a theory of Marx,411.Capital, aim of socialism with regard to it,8,9,10, etc.;contrast between labour and capital,25;individual capital, an institution in Fourier’s system,38,40;how regarded by L. Blanc,45,46;by Proudhon,56;how to be obtained by the productive associations of Lassalle,108;a historic category,113;word wrongly used by socialists,114;exposition of capital by Marx,138, etc.;its international relation to labour,171, etc.;its place in anarchism,241,245;its place in a reasonable socialism,290, etc.Capitalism, correct name for the prevalent economic order as controlled by capitalists,115,141,145.Catholic Church, its societies and their property,16;how related to Saint-Simon,25,29;its social activity,340.Chartism, its import,42,70.Christian socialism, in England,71;in Germany,342.Christian Social Union,343.Christianity, relation to socialism,10,71,339,389.Clifford,343.Collectivism, economic basis of the prevalent socialism,12;its place in L. Blanc’s system,46;goal of Lassalle’s scheme,111;economic basis of anarchism,247,249;goal of the social democratic movement,229;its abstractness criticised,290;the goal of international socialism,369.Colonial system,368.Commune, the, its place in Fourier’s system,31;at Paris,188;its place in anarchism,243,273;its general place in socialism,289,346.Communism, its relation to socialism,16,18.Communist Party, formation,133,172;its manifesto,173, etc.,366, etc.Conjunctures, Lassalle’s theory of,112.Co-operative movement, really founded by Owen,70;promoted by Christian socialists in England,71;movement in Germany and its relation to Lassalle,84,106,107,116;commended by the International,180,184,185;its recent progress,350, etc.Darwin, relation of his doctrine of development to economics,281;relation of his teaching to that of Marx,294;relation of his theory to socialism,295, etc.Democracy, socialism its economic complement,10;one of the conditions necessary for the growth of socialism,18;the political basis of L. Blanc’s schemes,43, etc.;development of,47;democracy of workers,99,120;how trained for its great task,148,160;its importance,284,287,288;its place in social evolution,357,381, etc.Denmark,318.Distribution, problem of, how solved in various schools of socialism,9;such methods criticised,291;moral and scientific basis of,360.Dönniges, Fraulein von,91.Empire, the conception of, and socialism,406-409.Enfantin,26,27,29.Engels, Fr.,73,130,132,135;his exposition of the function of the State,150.Fabian Society, origin and aims,329,330;some of its views criticised,331,400,401;its basis,427.Feudalism, in relation to socialism,11,19,24;its overthrow by the capitalist class,97,142;not a stereotyped system,278;evolved by the struggle for existence,298.Fourier, method of remuneration,9;admitted private capital,13;a founder of socialism,15;grew up under the immediate influence of the French Revolution,18;life and opinions,31;contrast to Saint-Simon and the centralising socialism,31,273,274;his safeguards for individual and local freedom,290.George, Henry,328.Hegel, influence on Lassalle,74;on Marx,131,151,152,161,279;his doctrine of development,294.Held, Adolf, definition of socialism,5.Holland,318.Homestead, its place in a reasonable socialism,407.Hyndman,328.Independent Labour Party,330,332.India,368,408.Individuality under socialism,11,307,406,420.International, its aim,6;Marx and the International,166;history,168;influence in it of Bakunin,190;influence of it on the Russian revolutionary movement,260;revival,363, etc.Italy,322,381,391.Janet, Paul, definition of socialism,5.Jaurèz,321.Keir Hardie, Mr.,333.Kent, Duke of,66.Ketteler, Bishop,88,340.Kingsley,71.Kropotkin, Prince,243,244.Labour Party in Britain, how founded,332-333;its strength and character,333.Laissez-faire,4;economic optimism implied in it,14;entirely unsuitable to Prussia,280;its adherents in England,347;influence on labour,398.Lassalle, at Paris,42;on the power of lying,49;his life,73;his theories,95;his relations to Marx,95;Rodbertus,95,124;position of the Social Democratic Party at his death,203;Bismarck’s relation to him,216;his influence on the revolutionary party in Russia,259;points of agreement with L. Blanc,273,274;his presentation of socialism,279;exaggerated estimate of the influence of the social principle,306;his Iron Law of Wages, considered in relation to the evolution of capitalism,409.Laveleye, definition of socialism,5.Lavroff,243,260.Leroux, Pierre,26.Liebknecht, W.,208,210,218,233, etc.,316.Lodge, Senator, on the very serious situation established by the trusts,372,376.Ludlow,71.Malthus, relation to Owen,69;his theory and the population question,296;struggle for existence,297.Manchester theory of the State,102.Marx, Karl, his relation to the existing State,6;his school the most influential form of contemporary socialism,15;Proudhon’s right ofaubaine, compared with the theory of capital,56;his theory of surplus value enunciated by the Chartists,71;comparison of his character with Lassalle’s,92;relation of his theory of surplus value to Lassalle’s Iron Law of Wages,103;collectivism common to him with Lassalle and Rodbertus,111;use of the wordcapital,114;life and theories,130;criticism of his theories,154;compared with Adam Smith,162;his place in history,166;founding of the Communist League,172;influence on the International,179, etc.;influence on the Social Democratic movement in Germany,230;influence on the revolutionary movement in Russia,259;socialist movement should not be identified with his views,275;his abstractness,279;in England,328;his views criticised,386, etc.,411, etc.Materialism, relation to socialism,10;as held by Marx,151,158, etc.;held by Bakunin,240;socialism purified from it,285.Maurice,71.Mazzini,179,243.Militarism,368.Mill, J. S., his conception of socialism,286.Milton,414.Mir, the Russian form of the village community,251, etc.;its analogy to the community of Owen, thephalangeof Fourier, and the free commune of Bakunin,273;its possible disintegration,384;the starting-point of agrarian reform,392.More, Thomas,16.Municipality, or commune, as a factor in the evolution of socialism,189,346, etc.Napoleon I.,169.Napoleon III.,57,178.New Christianity of Saint-Simon,25.New Harmony,66.New Lanark,60.New Zealand, a democratic State,349.Nicholas, Emperor,63.Nihilism, the correct name for the early stage of the revolutionary movement in Russia,257, etc.Orbiston,96.Owen, Robert, founder of the association of all classes of all nations,3;one of the historic founders of socialism,4, etc.;the influences that conditioned his work,19;life and theories,59;doctrine of surplus value held in his school,137;influence on Russian revolutionary movement,259;desire for a ready-made socialism,273.Phalange,31,33,273.Plato,16.Political economy, its relation to socialism,14;historical and ethical conception of, promoted by socialism,281;its relation to socialism again considered,338,339,409-410.Progressist party in Germany,79,83,208.Proletariat, the class excluded from land and capital and dependent on wage-labour,8;brought into active historic contrast to thebourgeoisie,41;its share in the risings at Paris, 1848,50;its position conditioned by the development of capitalism,139;and necessary to it,141;its greatrôlein the final dissolution of capitalism,148, etc.;its emancipation, the great aim of international socialism,172;Marx the scientific expounder of the conditions of its existence and of its emancipation,173, etc.;the Commune at Paris considered as a struggle for its deliverance,189;how existing in Russia,260;the democracy still mainly a proletariat,357;Marx’s theory of its future development,412.Proudhon, one of the leaders of the socialism of 1848,42;life and theories,51;theory of surplus value underlies his extravagances,137;the founder of anarchism,56,237;his influence in the International,183;his exposition of anarchism,248.Ralahine,67.Reybaud,4.Rockefeller,371,376.Rodbertus, his general conception of socialism,13;relation to Lassalle,95,96;life and theories,123;relation to Lassalle and Marx,137;too abstract and Prussian,279.Roosevelt, his proposals for social reform,399.Roscher,5.Rousseau,18.Russia, the development of socialistic opinion,21;anarchism,237;revolutionary opinion,250, etc.;renewal of revolutionary activity,325-327;its repression,382-384.Saint-Simon, one of the historic founders of socialism,4,15, etc.;his life and opinions,22;represented the principle of authority in the development of socialism,274;the golden age,420.Schäffle, definition of socialism,12;too abstract and Prussian in his conception of socialism,277;his high rank as an economist,339.Scheel,6.Schulze-Delitzsch, his schemes,84;Lassalle’s treatment of him,86;Lassalle’s criticism of his schemes,107;the same examined,115, etc.Schweitzer,203,207, etc.Shaw, G. B.,330.Smith, Adam, in relation to freedom,17;compared with Marx,162;his principle of natural liberty,278,292.Social Democracy, its programme in Germany,9;as taught by L. Blanc,48;by Lassalle,84, etc.;German,197, etc.,311, etc.;its general aim,363, etc.Social Democratic Federation,329.Social selection,304,416.Social workshops of Louis Blanc,45,48.Socialist League,329.Socialist Revolutionary Party in Russia,326,382.Spectator,382.State, in relation to socialism,6;historic relation to property,16;its place in Saint-Simon,31;in Louis Blanc,44;in Lassalle,101, etc.;in Rodbertus,127;itsrôleas explained by Fr. Engels,150;Bakunin’s relation to it,240;two opposing tendencies with regard to it in socialist movement,274;its place in socialism,345, etc.;further discussed,400,401,405-409.Stepniak’s estimate of the numbers of the Russian Revolutionary Party,271.Strike, general, advocated by Bebel to meet certain emergencies,316.Surplus value, theory of, as held by Chartists,71;as held by Owenites, Rodbertus, Proudhon, etc.,137;its development by Marx,138, etc.;criticism of Marx’s theory of it,154.Times, the, and the International,187.Trade unions and socialism,367,369,391-405.Trusts, how they have grown in America,335-337;a remedy for the evils of competition,354-355;not confined to America,355;a proof of the inadequacy of competition,359, but a natural result of it,404;a menace to labour and to society,411.Turgenief, his novel,Fathers and Sons,258.Tytherley,67.Tzardom, its great function in Russian history,251,266, etc.Vienna, great demonstration,377.Village community, its place in history,253;in English history,397;should be restored to life under modern conditions,407.Voltaire,18,246.Vooruit, at Ghent,352.Wages, Iron Law of,103, etc.,384.Wagner, definition of socialism,12;justly charged with abstractness,277.Webb, Sidney,330.Wells, H. G.,330.Westcott,343.William I., Emperor,79.William II., Emperor,121,195.
Alexander II., great hopes at his accession,256;
rise of the revolutionary party during his reign,257;
assassination,265.
Alexander III., and the revolutionary party,270,325.
Allen, W.,62.
Altruism,11.
America, no class divisions till the middle of the nineteenth century,334; great transformation in industrial conditions,335;
organised capital confronted with organised labour,335-336;
the plutocracy and Rockefeller,371;
problem before the American people,372, etc.
Anarchism, first taught by Proudhon,56;
the Marx school and the anarchist,151;
its relation to the International,190-192;
Michael Bakunin, its great apostle,237;
set forth by Bakunin,240, etc.;
and at the trial at Lyons,243-245;
summed up and criticised,246;
a leading form of socialism in Russia,257-272;
France, Italy,243,324;
in Spain,324.
Anarchy, socialism wrongly identified with,7.
Art as related to socialism,11.
Association of all classes of all nations founded by Owen,3.
Association, productive, with State help,108,110,119.
Australia, Labour Party in,334;
its power limited by circumstances,393-394.
Austria, 325,377-378.
Babeuf, his communism,18.
Bakunin, Michael, at Paris,42;
activity in the International,190,191;
his life,237;
opinions,240;
his influence in Russia,260.
Bax, Belfort,329.
Bazard,26.
Bebel,208,212,218,315, etc.,380.
Belgium,319.
Bentham, Jeremy,62.
Bernstein,220,314.
Bismarck, his work in German history,79;
his historic insight,94;
his relation to the German Social Democracy,216, etc.;
his State socialism,347.
Blanc, Louis, his method of remuneration,9;
his activity during the Revolution of 1848,42;
life and theories,43;
points of agreement with Lassalle,273,274.
Bourgeoisie, the middle or capitalist class,41,98,139, etc.,172, etc.;
its position in Russia,255,266;
a theory of Marx,411.
Capital, aim of socialism with regard to it,8,9,10, etc.;
contrast between labour and capital,25;
individual capital, an institution in Fourier’s system,38,40;
how regarded by L. Blanc,45,46;
by Proudhon,56;
how to be obtained by the productive associations of Lassalle,108;
a historic category,113;
word wrongly used by socialists,114;
exposition of capital by Marx,138, etc.;
its international relation to labour,171, etc.;
its place in anarchism,241,245;
its place in a reasonable socialism,290, etc.
Capitalism, correct name for the prevalent economic order as controlled by capitalists,115,141,145.
Catholic Church, its societies and their property,16;
how related to Saint-Simon,25,29;
its social activity,340.
Chartism, its import,42,70.
Christian socialism, in England,71;
in Germany,342.
Christian Social Union,343.
Christianity, relation to socialism,10,71,339,389.
Clifford,343.
Collectivism, economic basis of the prevalent socialism,12;
its place in L. Blanc’s system,46;
goal of Lassalle’s scheme,111;
economic basis of anarchism,247,249;
goal of the social democratic movement,229;
its abstractness criticised,290;
the goal of international socialism,369.
Colonial system,368.
Commune, the, its place in Fourier’s system,31;
at Paris,188;
its place in anarchism,243,273;
its general place in socialism,289,346.
Communism, its relation to socialism,16,18.
Communist Party, formation,133,172;
its manifesto,173, etc.,366, etc.
Conjunctures, Lassalle’s theory of,112.
Co-operative movement, really founded by Owen,70;
promoted by Christian socialists in England,71;
movement in Germany and its relation to Lassalle,84,106,107,116;
commended by the International,180,184,185;
its recent progress,350, etc.
Darwin, relation of his doctrine of development to economics,281;
relation of his teaching to that of Marx,294;
relation of his theory to socialism,295, etc.
Democracy, socialism its economic complement,10;
one of the conditions necessary for the growth of socialism,18;
the political basis of L. Blanc’s schemes,43, etc.;
development of,47;
democracy of workers,99,120;
how trained for its great task,148,160;
its importance,284,287,288;
its place in social evolution,357,381, etc.
Denmark,318.
Distribution, problem of, how solved in various schools of socialism,9;
such methods criticised,291;
moral and scientific basis of,360.
Dönniges, Fraulein von,91.
Empire, the conception of, and socialism,406-409.
Enfantin,26,27,29.
Engels, Fr.,73,130,132,135;
his exposition of the function of the State,150.
Fabian Society, origin and aims,329,330;
some of its views criticised,331,400,401;
its basis,427.
Feudalism, in relation to socialism,11,19,24;
its overthrow by the capitalist class,97,142;
not a stereotyped system,278;
evolved by the struggle for existence,298.
Fourier, method of remuneration,9;
admitted private capital,13;
a founder of socialism,15;
grew up under the immediate influence of the French Revolution,18;
life and opinions,31;
contrast to Saint-Simon and the centralising socialism,31,273,274;
his safeguards for individual and local freedom,290.
George, Henry,328.
Hegel, influence on Lassalle,74;
on Marx,131,151,152,161,279;
his doctrine of development,294.
Held, Adolf, definition of socialism,5.
Holland,318.
Homestead, its place in a reasonable socialism,407.
Hyndman,328.
Independent Labour Party,330,332.
India,368,408.
Individuality under socialism,11,307,406,420.
International, its aim,6;
Marx and the International,166;
history,168;
influence in it of Bakunin,190;
influence of it on the Russian revolutionary movement,260;
revival,363, etc.
Italy,322,381,391.
Janet, Paul, definition of socialism,5.
Jaurèz,321.
Keir Hardie, Mr.,333.
Kent, Duke of,66.
Ketteler, Bishop,88,340.
Kingsley,71.
Kropotkin, Prince,243,244.
Labour Party in Britain, how founded,332-333;
its strength and character,333.
Laissez-faire,4;
economic optimism implied in it,14;
entirely unsuitable to Prussia,280;
its adherents in England,347;
influence on labour,398.
Lassalle, at Paris,42;
on the power of lying,49;
his life,73;
his theories,95;
his relations to Marx,95;
Rodbertus,95,124;
position of the Social Democratic Party at his death,203;
Bismarck’s relation to him,216;
his influence on the revolutionary party in Russia,259;
points of agreement with L. Blanc,273,274;
his presentation of socialism,279;
exaggerated estimate of the influence of the social principle,306;
his Iron Law of Wages, considered in relation to the evolution of capitalism,409.
Laveleye, definition of socialism,5.
Lavroff,243,260.
Leroux, Pierre,26.
Liebknecht, W.,208,210,218,233, etc.,316.
Lodge, Senator, on the very serious situation established by the trusts,372,376.
Ludlow,71.
Malthus, relation to Owen,69;
his theory and the population question,296;
struggle for existence,297.
Manchester theory of the State,102.
Marx, Karl, his relation to the existing State,6;
his school the most influential form of contemporary socialism,15;
Proudhon’s right ofaubaine, compared with the theory of capital,56;
his theory of surplus value enunciated by the Chartists,71;
comparison of his character with Lassalle’s,92;
relation of his theory of surplus value to Lassalle’s Iron Law of Wages,103;
collectivism common to him with Lassalle and Rodbertus,111;
use of the wordcapital,114;
life and theories,130;
criticism of his theories,154;
compared with Adam Smith,162;
his place in history,166;
founding of the Communist League,172;
influence on the International,179, etc.;
influence on the Social Democratic movement in Germany,230;
influence on the revolutionary movement in Russia,259;
socialist movement should not be identified with his views,275;
his abstractness,279;
in England,328;
his views criticised,386, etc.,411, etc.
Materialism, relation to socialism,10;
as held by Marx,151,158, etc.;
held by Bakunin,240;
socialism purified from it,285.
Maurice,71.
Mazzini,179,243.
Militarism,368.
Mill, J. S., his conception of socialism,286.
Milton,414.
Mir, the Russian form of the village community,251, etc.;
its analogy to the community of Owen, thephalangeof Fourier, and the free commune of Bakunin,273;
its possible disintegration,384;
the starting-point of agrarian reform,392.
More, Thomas,16.
Municipality, or commune, as a factor in the evolution of socialism,189,346, etc.
Napoleon I.,169.
Napoleon III.,57,178.
New Christianity of Saint-Simon,25.
New Harmony,66.
New Lanark,60.
New Zealand, a democratic State,349.
Nicholas, Emperor,63.
Nihilism, the correct name for the early stage of the revolutionary movement in Russia,257, etc.
Orbiston,96.
Owen, Robert, founder of the association of all classes of all nations,3;
one of the historic founders of socialism,4, etc.;
the influences that conditioned his work,19;
life and theories,59;
doctrine of surplus value held in his school,137;
influence on Russian revolutionary movement,259;
desire for a ready-made socialism,273.
Phalange,31,33,273.
Plato,16.
Political economy, its relation to socialism,14;
historical and ethical conception of, promoted by socialism,281;
its relation to socialism again considered,338,339,409-410.
Progressist party in Germany,79,83,208.
Proletariat, the class excluded from land and capital and dependent on wage-labour,8;
brought into active historic contrast to thebourgeoisie,41;
its share in the risings at Paris, 1848,50;
its position conditioned by the development of capitalism,139;
and necessary to it,141;
its greatrôlein the final dissolution of capitalism,148, etc.;
its emancipation, the great aim of international socialism,172;
Marx the scientific expounder of the conditions of its existence and of its emancipation,173, etc.;
the Commune at Paris considered as a struggle for its deliverance,189;
how existing in Russia,260;
the democracy still mainly a proletariat,357;
Marx’s theory of its future development,412.
Proudhon, one of the leaders of the socialism of 1848,42;
life and theories,51;
theory of surplus value underlies his extravagances,137;
the founder of anarchism,56,237;
his influence in the International,183;
his exposition of anarchism,248.
Ralahine,67.
Reybaud,4.
Rockefeller,371,376.
Rodbertus, his general conception of socialism,13;
relation to Lassalle,95,96;
life and theories,123;
relation to Lassalle and Marx,137;
too abstract and Prussian,279.
Roosevelt, his proposals for social reform,399.
Roscher,5.
Rousseau,18.
Russia, the development of socialistic opinion,21;
anarchism,237;
revolutionary opinion,250, etc.;
renewal of revolutionary activity,325-327;
its repression,382-384.
Saint-Simon, one of the historic founders of socialism,4,15, etc.;
his life and opinions,22;
represented the principle of authority in the development of socialism,274;
the golden age,420.
Schäffle, definition of socialism,12;
too abstract and Prussian in his conception of socialism,277;
his high rank as an economist,339.
Scheel,6.
Schulze-Delitzsch, his schemes,84;
Lassalle’s treatment of him,86;
Lassalle’s criticism of his schemes,107;
the same examined,115, etc.
Schweitzer,203,207, etc.
Shaw, G. B.,330.
Smith, Adam, in relation to freedom,17;
compared with Marx,162;
his principle of natural liberty,278,292.
Social Democracy, its programme in Germany,9;
as taught by L. Blanc,48;
by Lassalle,84, etc.;
German,197, etc.,311, etc.;
its general aim,363, etc.
Social Democratic Federation,329.
Social selection,304,416.
Social workshops of Louis Blanc,45,48.
Socialist League,329.
Socialist Revolutionary Party in Russia,326,382.
Spectator,382.
State, in relation to socialism,6;
historic relation to property,16;
its place in Saint-Simon,31;
in Louis Blanc,44;
in Lassalle,101, etc.;
in Rodbertus,127;
itsrôleas explained by Fr. Engels,150;
Bakunin’s relation to it,240;
two opposing tendencies with regard to it in socialist movement,274;
its place in socialism,345, etc.;
further discussed,400,401,405-409.
Stepniak’s estimate of the numbers of the Russian Revolutionary Party,271.
Strike, general, advocated by Bebel to meet certain emergencies,316.
Surplus value, theory of, as held by Chartists,71;
as held by Owenites, Rodbertus, Proudhon, etc.,137;
its development by Marx,138, etc.;
criticism of Marx’s theory of it,154.
Times, the, and the International,187.
Trade unions and socialism,367,369,391-405.
Trusts, how they have grown in America,335-337;
a remedy for the evils of competition,354-355;
not confined to America,355;
a proof of the inadequacy of competition,359, but a natural result of it,404;
a menace to labour and to society,411.
Turgenief, his novel,Fathers and Sons,258.
Tytherley,67.
Tzardom, its great function in Russian history,251,266, etc.
Vienna, great demonstration,377.
Village community, its place in history,253;
in English history,397;
should be restored to life under modern conditions,407.
Voltaire,18,246.
Vooruit, at Ghent,352.
Wages, Iron Law of,103, etc.,384.
Wagner, definition of socialism,12;
justly charged with abstractness,277.
Webb, Sidney,330.
Wells, H. G.,330.
Westcott,343.
William I., Emperor,79.
William II., Emperor,121,195.
THE END
Printed byR. & R. Clark, Limited,Edinburgh.