FOOTNOTES:
FOOTNOTES:
[A]To prove that this surrender was not in consequence of the want of ammunition and provisions, it is sufficient to state, upon the authority of official information, that there were thirty-three pieces of cannon, twenty-five of which were brass and eight iron, which were well manned and supplied with ammunition.For the muskets, seventy-five thousand cartridges were made up, besides twenty-four rounds in the cartouch-box of each man.In the magazine were sixty barrels of powder, and one hundred and fifty tons of lead.In the contractor’s store were at least twenty-five days’ provision; and in the adjacent country considerable supplies could have been had, besides three hundred head of cattle, under an escort commanded by Captain Brush, at the River Raisin.An Ohio Volunteer.
[A]To prove that this surrender was not in consequence of the want of ammunition and provisions, it is sufficient to state, upon the authority of official information, that there were thirty-three pieces of cannon, twenty-five of which were brass and eight iron, which were well manned and supplied with ammunition.
For the muskets, seventy-five thousand cartridges were made up, besides twenty-four rounds in the cartouch-box of each man.
In the magazine were sixty barrels of powder, and one hundred and fifty tons of lead.
In the contractor’s store were at least twenty-five days’ provision; and in the adjacent country considerable supplies could have been had, besides three hundred head of cattle, under an escort commanded by Captain Brush, at the River Raisin.
An Ohio Volunteer.
[B]Colonel Allen stopped at St. Mary’s for the remaining part of the army.
[B]Colonel Allen stopped at St. Mary’s for the remaining part of the army.
[C]He died in a few days.
[C]He died in a few days.
[D]Pronounced Rushdeboo.
[D]Pronounced Rushdeboo.
[E]We learned since, the British officer was Col. Elliott’s son, and was probably a Captain.
[E]We learned since, the British officer was Col. Elliott’s son, and was probably a Captain.
[F]The French, who were looking at us when we started, were heard to say, we were not men enough.
[F]The French, who were looking at us when we started, were heard to say, we were not men enough.
[G]A Frenchman who lived in this village said when the word came the Americans were in sight, there was an old Indian smoking at his fireside; the Indian exclaimed, “Ho, de Mericans come; I suppose Ohio men come, we give them another chase:� (alluding to the time they chased Gen. Tapper from the Rapids.) He walked to the door smoking, apparently very unconcerned, and looked at us till we formed the line of battle, and rushed on them with a mighty shout! he then called out “Kentuck, by God!� and picked up his gun and ran to the woods like a wild beast.
[G]A Frenchman who lived in this village said when the word came the Americans were in sight, there was an old Indian smoking at his fireside; the Indian exclaimed, “Ho, de Mericans come; I suppose Ohio men come, we give them another chase:� (alluding to the time they chased Gen. Tapper from the Rapids.) He walked to the door smoking, apparently very unconcerned, and looked at us till we formed the line of battle, and rushed on them with a mighty shout! he then called out “Kentuck, by God!� and picked up his gun and ran to the woods like a wild beast.
[H]It would have been better for us if we had been contented with the possession of the village, without pursuing them to the woods.
[H]It would have been better for us if we had been contented with the possession of the village, without pursuing them to the woods.
[I]This want of precaution was a great cause of our mournful defeat!
[I]This want of precaution was a great cause of our mournful defeat!
[J]When the right wing began to retreat, it is said orders were given by some of the officers to the men in the eastern end of the picketing to march out to their assistance. Capt. Price and a number of men sallied out. Capt. Price was killed, and most of the men.
[J]When the right wing began to retreat, it is said orders were given by some of the officers to the men in the eastern end of the picketing to march out to their assistance. Capt. Price and a number of men sallied out. Capt. Price was killed, and most of the men.
[K]Col. Proctor had informed Gen. Winchester he would afford him an opportunity of surrendering his troops, and if not accepted he would let loose the Indians on us, who would burn the town, and he would not be accountable for their conduct. Gen. Winchester, not knowing how we had resisted their efforts, thought probably it would be the case.But why did not Col. Proctor make this proposition before he had exerted all his skill in trying to burn the town and to set the Indians on us? Proctor knew very well he had done all that was in his power with the force he had then, and he was then less able to rout us from the town than he was at first.The British informed us afterwards that Col. Proctor had ordered a general retreat to Malden, and that they hadspiked four pieces of their cannon! but he thought he would demand a surrender, according to custom.Our officers, knowing that we had but little ammunition, and the troops being still exposed to the fire of the cannon, thought proper to surrender.
[K]Col. Proctor had informed Gen. Winchester he would afford him an opportunity of surrendering his troops, and if not accepted he would let loose the Indians on us, who would burn the town, and he would not be accountable for their conduct. Gen. Winchester, not knowing how we had resisted their efforts, thought probably it would be the case.
But why did not Col. Proctor make this proposition before he had exerted all his skill in trying to burn the town and to set the Indians on us? Proctor knew very well he had done all that was in his power with the force he had then, and he was then less able to rout us from the town than he was at first.
The British informed us afterwards that Col. Proctor had ordered a general retreat to Malden, and that they hadspiked four pieces of their cannon! but he thought he would demand a surrender, according to custom.
Our officers, knowing that we had but little ammunition, and the troops being still exposed to the fire of the cannon, thought proper to surrender.
[L]I was since informed that Col. Elliott instructed the interpreters to leave the wounded, after dark, to the mercy of the savages. They all went off, except one half-Indian.
[L]I was since informed that Col. Elliott instructed the interpreters to leave the wounded, after dark, to the mercy of the savages. They all went off, except one half-Indian.
[M]Upon taking a view of these scenes of wo, who can avoid some such exclamation as the following? Why has the all-seeing, beneficent Ruler of the universe delivered so many of our choice officers and brave soldiers into the hands of our enemies, to be slain in battle, and to lie unburied, to be dragged away in the galling chains of captivity, and to be put to torturing deaths by monsters of cruelty? Not, I presume, because of infidelity and injustice towards our enemies; but owing to our ingratitude towards the God of armies; and to our want of confidence in Jehovah—our pride, our too great confidence in our own wisdom, valor, and strength; our unbelief—and a catalogue of vices too tedious to enumerate. Aggravated national crimes have involved us in heavy and complicated judgments!
[M]Upon taking a view of these scenes of wo, who can avoid some such exclamation as the following? Why has the all-seeing, beneficent Ruler of the universe delivered so many of our choice officers and brave soldiers into the hands of our enemies, to be slain in battle, and to lie unburied, to be dragged away in the galling chains of captivity, and to be put to torturing deaths by monsters of cruelty? Not, I presume, because of infidelity and injustice towards our enemies; but owing to our ingratitude towards the God of armies; and to our want of confidence in Jehovah—our pride, our too great confidence in our own wisdom, valor, and strength; our unbelief—and a catalogue of vices too tedious to enumerate. Aggravated national crimes have involved us in heavy and complicated judgments!
[N]Here we met a number of the 41st regiment of British regulars, just from Fort George, going to Malden to supply the places of those who were killed on the 22d of January, at Frenchtown. They appeared to be very sociable, generally of the Irish descent. One of their officers said, “In a few weeks they would drive General Harrison and all his army along there.� “Yes,� replied James Allen[O](who was one of my messmates), “before that time your Irish hides will be riddled so that they would not hold hickory nuts.�Another of that party said, “What nonsensical things those leather stocks were which we wore, with the sign of the eagle pecking out the eyes of the lion.� Said Allen, “This is only the shadow, the substance will soon follow.�
[N]Here we met a number of the 41st regiment of British regulars, just from Fort George, going to Malden to supply the places of those who were killed on the 22d of January, at Frenchtown. They appeared to be very sociable, generally of the Irish descent. One of their officers said, “In a few weeks they would drive General Harrison and all his army along there.� “Yes,� replied James Allen[O](who was one of my messmates), “before that time your Irish hides will be riddled so that they would not hold hickory nuts.�
Another of that party said, “What nonsensical things those leather stocks were which we wore, with the sign of the eagle pecking out the eyes of the lion.� Said Allen, “This is only the shadow, the substance will soon follow.�
[O]This Allen is the same who fought the duel with Fuller, near Fort Massac, who was supposed to be a British spy, before the commencement of the war. Fuller, after having been twice knocked down by Allen’s balls, was found to have a Dutch blanket folded, and a quire of paper over hisCOWARDLYbreast as a shield. Allen was not injured.
[O]This Allen is the same who fought the duel with Fuller, near Fort Massac, who was supposed to be a British spy, before the commencement of the war. Fuller, after having been twice knocked down by Allen’s balls, was found to have a Dutch blanket folded, and a quire of paper over hisCOWARDLYbreast as a shield. Allen was not injured.
[P]Six of us, who formed a mess, stopped at a Major Boon’s, and asked him “if we might stay all night.� He said we could. His father, who lived with him, let us know he had been a Tory major in the American revolution. He said “he had lived in the Jerseys, and had one of Lord Howe’s commissions in the house then, and was a half-pay officer.� He said “the Americans would have no possible chance to take Canada, for the British next spring would bring seventy thousand Indians from the north-west, and as many negroes from St. Domingo, besides three hundred thousand Turks!� Said James Allen, “I suppose you will set dogs on us next!� The old fellow said “it was very evident the Lord was on their side!� Then said Allen, “If the Lord has joined with the British, savages, and negroes, to massacre his own people, it is surprising! But I rather think it is only your Canadian lord that acts in this manner.� The old fellow then ordered him out of the house. He told him “he was very well suited in a room, and would stay till morning.� They still continued arguing. The old fellow said “We had no business on their soil,� alluding to Frenchtown. Allen told him “we were on our own soil.� He said “it was a lie, for Michigan Territory was given up to them by General Hull.� Said Allen, “Hull was such a fellow as the d——l, who offered Christ all the kingdoms of the world if he would fall down and worship him; when, poor old sneaking whelp, he did not own a foot on earth.� Said Boon, “You had better stayed away, for all you have done; the Major who commanded the Indians on the 18th was here a few nights ago, and said there was not one killed, and but three wounded.� Said Allen, “I would not believe my father if he were to tell me so, for I saw a number that were killed and scalped and lay on the snow for days; and if there were but three wounded, there must have been an abundance of blood in them to have stained the snow for miles square.� Said he, “Did you scalp them? you are bloody dogs.� “Yes,� said Allen, “you might say so, if we had hired the savages to kill your women and children, and massacre and burn your wounded, when we had promised to take care of them.� He said “the British had never hired the Indians to kill women and children; they were too humane a people to do so.� “Yes,� said Allen, “they showed humanity in the time of the American Revolution, when they paid the Indians for infants’ scalps that were taken out of their mothers’ wombs; they call themselves Christians, and when the Indians sent home to them scalps, from the unborn infant to the gray hairs, in bales like goods, they had days of feasting, rejoicing, and thanksgiving to the Lord, for the victory they had gained—the d——l would be ashamed to acknowledge such a people as any part of his offspring.� The old fellow again ordered him out of the house; but Allen told him “he would go in the morning.� Allen said “we had more friends in Canada than they had.� “Yes,� said he, “there are men mean enough to join against their own country.� Allen replied, “none but a mean, low-lived wretch would fight against his own country.� The old fellow took the hint, as he had been a tory, and got in a violent passion. He asked Allen “if he was not a Congressman?� Allen said “No.� “Are you an Assemblyman?� “No.� “Are you a Yankee lawyer?� “No.� “Well, you are a Yankee liar, then.� Allen said, “if we were of an age, and on an equal footing, you would not give me the lie so often.� The old fellow told Allen “he must be an antediluvian, for he appeared to know all things that had passed, and all the crimes that England ever committed seemed to be fresh on his mind; he supposed he was one of the greatest enemies the British had.� Allen said “he had done his best; and if he was exchanged he would shoot at them as long as he could crook his finger to draw the trigger.� A young woman who was in the house said “we were only coming to drive them off their lands.� Allen said “we were only coming to set them free, so that those lands might be their own, and not King George’s.� She said “the Americans that were killed at Queenstown had deeds in their pockets for all their best plantations.� Said Allen “I must believe it because you say so, but if I had seen it myself I would not.�The old fellow’s passion subsided, and Allen and he were friendly.
[P]Six of us, who formed a mess, stopped at a Major Boon’s, and asked him “if we might stay all night.� He said we could. His father, who lived with him, let us know he had been a Tory major in the American revolution. He said “he had lived in the Jerseys, and had one of Lord Howe’s commissions in the house then, and was a half-pay officer.� He said “the Americans would have no possible chance to take Canada, for the British next spring would bring seventy thousand Indians from the north-west, and as many negroes from St. Domingo, besides three hundred thousand Turks!� Said James Allen, “I suppose you will set dogs on us next!� The old fellow said “it was very evident the Lord was on their side!� Then said Allen, “If the Lord has joined with the British, savages, and negroes, to massacre his own people, it is surprising! But I rather think it is only your Canadian lord that acts in this manner.� The old fellow then ordered him out of the house. He told him “he was very well suited in a room, and would stay till morning.� They still continued arguing. The old fellow said “We had no business on their soil,� alluding to Frenchtown. Allen told him “we were on our own soil.� He said “it was a lie, for Michigan Territory was given up to them by General Hull.� Said Allen, “Hull was such a fellow as the d——l, who offered Christ all the kingdoms of the world if he would fall down and worship him; when, poor old sneaking whelp, he did not own a foot on earth.� Said Boon, “You had better stayed away, for all you have done; the Major who commanded the Indians on the 18th was here a few nights ago, and said there was not one killed, and but three wounded.� Said Allen, “I would not believe my father if he were to tell me so, for I saw a number that were killed and scalped and lay on the snow for days; and if there were but three wounded, there must have been an abundance of blood in them to have stained the snow for miles square.� Said he, “Did you scalp them? you are bloody dogs.� “Yes,� said Allen, “you might say so, if we had hired the savages to kill your women and children, and massacre and burn your wounded, when we had promised to take care of them.� He said “the British had never hired the Indians to kill women and children; they were too humane a people to do so.� “Yes,� said Allen, “they showed humanity in the time of the American Revolution, when they paid the Indians for infants’ scalps that were taken out of their mothers’ wombs; they call themselves Christians, and when the Indians sent home to them scalps, from the unborn infant to the gray hairs, in bales like goods, they had days of feasting, rejoicing, and thanksgiving to the Lord, for the victory they had gained—the d——l would be ashamed to acknowledge such a people as any part of his offspring.� The old fellow again ordered him out of the house; but Allen told him “he would go in the morning.� Allen said “we had more friends in Canada than they had.� “Yes,� said he, “there are men mean enough to join against their own country.� Allen replied, “none but a mean, low-lived wretch would fight against his own country.� The old fellow took the hint, as he had been a tory, and got in a violent passion. He asked Allen “if he was not a Congressman?� Allen said “No.� “Are you an Assemblyman?� “No.� “Are you a Yankee lawyer?� “No.� “Well, you are a Yankee liar, then.� Allen said, “if we were of an age, and on an equal footing, you would not give me the lie so often.� The old fellow told Allen “he must be an antediluvian, for he appeared to know all things that had passed, and all the crimes that England ever committed seemed to be fresh on his mind; he supposed he was one of the greatest enemies the British had.� Allen said “he had done his best; and if he was exchanged he would shoot at them as long as he could crook his finger to draw the trigger.� A young woman who was in the house said “we were only coming to drive them off their lands.� Allen said “we were only coming to set them free, so that those lands might be their own, and not King George’s.� She said “the Americans that were killed at Queenstown had deeds in their pockets for all their best plantations.� Said Allen “I must believe it because you say so, but if I had seen it myself I would not.�
The old fellow’s passion subsided, and Allen and he were friendly.
[Q]The second division, who had been used far better than the first, arrived the day following, and were parolled in like manner, amounting in all to five hundred and twelve.Particular inquiries were made respecting the British loss in the battle of the 22d, while passing through Canada. The loyalists stated their loss to be very trifling; some would say fifteen killed, and others twenty-five. But different persons, in whom we had reason to place confidence, stated their loss to be very considerable—about six hundred killed and wounded, and amongst these Col. St. George. This account will not be considered exaggerated, when reflecting on the length of time they were exposed to a deliberate and well-directed fire from our troops ... the number that was seen lying on the ground after they retreated, and the number of sleighs loaded with their bloody guns.
[Q]The second division, who had been used far better than the first, arrived the day following, and were parolled in like manner, amounting in all to five hundred and twelve.
Particular inquiries were made respecting the British loss in the battle of the 22d, while passing through Canada. The loyalists stated their loss to be very trifling; some would say fifteen killed, and others twenty-five. But different persons, in whom we had reason to place confidence, stated their loss to be very considerable—about six hundred killed and wounded, and amongst these Col. St. George. This account will not be considered exaggerated, when reflecting on the length of time they were exposed to a deliberate and well-directed fire from our troops ... the number that was seen lying on the ground after they retreated, and the number of sleighs loaded with their bloody guns.
[R]An inhabitant near the head of Lake Ontario heard of the prisoners, and went to see them. He began to talk to one, judging him to be an American officer, and telling him he had more friends in Canada than the British had, and if he wanted money, or any assistance, he should be accommodated. The poor fellow soon found his mistake, that he was talking to a British officer, just from Fort George.
[R]An inhabitant near the head of Lake Ontario heard of the prisoners, and went to see them. He began to talk to one, judging him to be an American officer, and telling him he had more friends in Canada than the British had, and if he wanted money, or any assistance, he should be accommodated. The poor fellow soon found his mistake, that he was talking to a British officer, just from Fort George.