84,86,95,98,104-108,124,130,153-54,232,255,267,268,277,287,317,348,357.Quinoa,100,110.Quinta Normal,192.Quinua,351,352.Quirve,104,108,109.Railroads, in Argentina,32,61-79;Bolivia,79-80,164-65,170-74,225,227,230,241,249,252;Brazil,8,9,21,23;Chile,170-74,178,179,205,208;Peru,206,211,215,216,224-25,254-58,370,372-76;Uruguay,30.Raimondi,321,322.Rainy season, in Bolivia,84,87,138,240;Peru,282.Recife (Pernambuco),4-10.Redwood, California,242.Restaurants in South America,380.Revolutions,68,222.Rio Bebribe,7.Rio de Janeiro,16-22.Rio de la Plata,31,37,46,56,160.Rio Piedras,71.Riots,387.Rivas, Rafael,109.River Alto,240.Rodadero,278.Rodriguez, Dr. J. C.,22.Romero, Carlos A.,323.Roosevelt, President,331.Root, Elihu, viii,183.Rosario,31,63.Roses,151,337.Rowe, Leo S., viii,183.Rua Ouvidor,19.Rubber,24.Ruins,115,121,250,272,291,307, and passim.Ruis de los Llanos,70.Rurrenabaque,239.Sacsahuaman,206,263,272-279.Salta,72.Salvia,290.Samanez, José Benigno,320.San Antonio, Port,240.Sand-dunes, crescent shaped,215.Sandstone,366.San Geronimo,258,329.San Martin, José de,50-52,155,200.San Pedro,227.San Sebastian,258.Santa Fé,66.Santa Lucia,181.Santiago, Chile,35,47,180-196,386.Santiago del Estero,66.Santo Domingo, Convent of,258.Santos,22-23.Saõ Paulo,21,23,25.Sapallauga,371.Saracocha,224.Sargantay, Mt.,290,304,320.Sarmiento,66.Saropalca,110.Sartiges, Eugène de,319.Schaefer, J. Louis, viii.Schmidt, Emilio,338-340.School, Manual Training,192.School of Mines in Potosí,130.Schools, Public,97,154.Schuchert, Prof. Chas.,369.Scots in South America,4.Sea-lions,175,202.Shawl-pins,294.Sheep,37,75,137,161,334,364,366.Shells, land,341.Shepherd, Wm. R.,183.Sicuani,255.Siesta,326.Silver.SeeMines.Silversmiths,147.Singing of Quichua women,354.Skulls,316.Skulls, Deformation of,246,317.Slate,313.Sleet,345.Sling of llama wool,156.Smallpox,210,214;in Rio,18.Smelters in Bolivia,112,115,124.Smith, Emilio,338-340.Smith, Huntington, Jr., ix,61,257.Smith, U. S. Grant, ix.Snow,112,335,345,367.Snyder, A. G., ix.Sorata,239.Soray, Mt.,304,320.Soroche,113,143,165,376.Sotomayor,192.South Americans, characteristics of,52;manners of,379,391.Spain,53-55.Spanish Armies,67,144,354.Spanish in South America,12,29,33,45-52,61,67.Speyer & Co.,242.Spindle wheel,312.“Spitting,”383.Sport,214.Squier, E. G.,251,259,261,342.Stage coach,83.Steamers, Atlantic,3,6,10,17,26,29-31,44;Chilean,200-203;Lake Titicaca,227;West Coast,175-177.Stewards, Chilean,176.Stone, cylindrical blocks of,311.Stone-cutting, game of,278.Succotash,347.Sucre, city of,108,112,133,142-148,158,248.Sucre, General A. J.,52,108,144,325,341,352,354.Sugar,5,9,14,156,290.Sugar-cane,66,286,290,295,325,343.Suipacha,85.Sulphur springs,111,134.Sweet potatoes,302.Tablachaca,368.Tacna,187,206-209,330.Talavera,330,334.Talcahuano,178.Tambillo,346.Tambo River,215.Tambobamba,318.Tambos,99,149.Taraco, peninsula of,226.Tarija,86.Tea,125.Tejada, José Maria de,319.Temperature,98,113,143,178,366.Temple, Edmund,61,76,144,228.Temple of the Sun,258.Tenientes, Indian,284.Tennis,203.Terraces,110,307,313,315.Textiles,252.Theatres,34-35.Thompson, paymaster,276.Tiahuanaco,228,249-253.Ties from Oregon,225.Tigre River,62.Tin.SeeMines.Tiquina, straits of,227.Titicaca, island of,226,334.Titicaca, Lake,86,164,224-227,249,310.Tobacco,14.Tombs, ancient,164,246,315.“Tonquinoise,”287.Toropalca,111.Totora,99.Toys, Ayamará,234;German,372.Trade and commerce,10,14,20,24-28,38-39,46,127, and passim.Trade Routes,49,60,73,93,239-240,280.Trancapata River,289.Transportation, difficulties of,387.Treasure-seekers,250,292,308,321.Tres Cruces,77.Tucuman,66-69,73.Tucuman Express,64.Tumusla River,108.Tunja,148.Tupac Amaru,106,266.Tupiza,79-80,87-92,100,172,338.Ucayali,297.United States and Peru,209,337.Uquia,77.Uribe, General Uribe,195.Urubamba,284-85,320.Uruguay,29-30.Urumyosi,366.Uspallata Pass,51,57.Uyuni,80,92,100,172.Vaca de Castro,351.Valparaiso,178,179,198-201.Vargas, Moises, ix.Velarde, Don Lino,218.Venezuela,56,57,70,378.Ventilla,228.Viachi,241-42,248.Vicuña Ponchos,234,327.Vicuñas,159,160,172,246.Vilcabamba,322.Vilcanota Mts.,255.Vilcanota River,256,257.Vilcapujio,162.Villazon, Pres. of Bolivia, viii.Vineyards,181.Viracocha,276,310,351.“Virgins of the Sun,”314.Viscachani,246.Volcan,75-76.Von Tschudi,250.Wages,243.War between Chile, Bolivia, and Peru,173,206.War-Club, stone,346.Wars of Emancipation.SeeWars of Independence.Wars of Independence, viii,46-58,67,86,89,100,162,200,273,353.Wateree, U. S. S.,206.Waterfalls,288,299.Water power,370.Whirl-bob,312.Whirlwinds,70.Wiener, Chas.,318,320.Wilson, Chas. L., ix.Wind, the prevailing,77.Wine,181.Wool,30.Yavarí,225,254.Yellow fever,214.“Yes, sir,”382.Yllanya,325.Yotala,112,140.Yscuchaca,367-68.Yuatquinia,320.Yucaes River,352.Zurita,284-85.