Middle.
Figure 149.Fig. 149.—MIDDLE.
Fig. 149.—MIDDLE.
A comparatively new fruit, from Herkimer County, New York, found in a division fence between two neighbors; hence its name. Considerably cultivated in the neighborhood, where it is highly esteemed. Introduced into Ohio by Mr. John Ludlow, of Springfield, in 1854, and propagated at the Oakland Nurseries near by.
Tree thrifty and productive.
Fruit medium to large, conical or oblate-conic, regular; Surface rather smooth, green to pale greenish-yellow; Dots small, irregular, rather abundant, gray, somewhat prominent.
Basin shallow, nearly regular, russeted, like Rhode Island Greening; Eye small, closed.
Cavity acute, sometimes lipped, wavy; Stem long, slender.
Core small, oval, regular, closed, just meeting the eye; Seeds small, very light colored; Flesh greenish-yellow, breaking, fine grained, tender, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, rich, aromatic; Quality nearly first rate; Use dessert; Season December and January, but is said to keep until May in New York.
White Winter Pearmain.
Figure 150.Fig. 150.—WHITE WINTER PEARMAIN.
Fig. 150.—WHITE WINTER PEARMAIN.
This favorite fruit was brought to Indiana by some of the early pomologists, in the days of saddle-bag transportation. In a lot of grafts, two varieties, having lost their labels, were propagated and fruited without name. Being considered Pearmain-shaped, they were called respectively Red and White Winter Pearmains. The former proved to be the Esopus Spitzenberg; the latter has never yet been identified, though believed to be an old eastern variety. Mr. Downing suggests that it may beWinter Harvey, adescription of which I have not seen. At one time this apple was confounded with theMichael Henryby many of us, and Mr. Elliott gives it as a synonym of that variety, but they are very distinct.
Tree spreading, vigorous, productive, the bark often marked by a kind of canker or crack. Foliage large, rather light green.
Fruit medium to large, handsome when fair, but often scabby on rich limestone soils and on old trees, conical, regular, sometimes obscurely angular; Surface smooth, yellow, often bronzy; Dots scattered, small, dark.
Basin abrupt, regular or shallow and folded; Eye medium, closed.
Cavity acute, wavy, brown; Stem medium to long, often knobby and clubbed.
Core regular, closed, slightly clasping the eye; Seeds few, pointed, pale or yellow; Flesh yellow, fine grained, tender, crisp, juicy; Flavor mild sub-acid, very rich; Quality best; Uses table, kitchen, market; Season December to March.
Woolfolks.
This is supposed to be a Kentucky seedling. It was received from my friend Ormsby Hite, of Louisville.
Fruit full, medium, truncated, regular; Surface very smooth, yellow-green; Dots scattered, gray, white bases.
Basin medium, wavy, plaited; Eye small, closed.
Cavity wide, acute, wavy, brown; Stem short, green.
Core small, heart-shaped, regular, closed, clasping; Seeds pointed, angular, dark; Flesh white, tender, breaking, juicy; Flavor sub-acid; Quality good; Use, table, kitchen; Season, December to March.
CLASS II.—CONICAL APPLES.
ORDER I.—REGULAR.
SECTION 2.—SOUR.
SUB-SECTION 2.—STRIPED.
Alexander.
This Russian apple, so much admired for its size and beauty, is not a favorite in the orchard, though some persons have found it profitable in the markets.
Tree medium size, spreading, moderately productive, early bearer.
Fruit large to very large, fair and handsome, conical, truncated, sometimes obscurely angular; Surface smooth, pale yellow, striped and splashed distinctly bright red, sometimes shaded mixed red; Dots minute.
Basin medium, regular; Eye small, long, closed.
Cavity rather deep, narrow, regular, brown; Stem medium to short, stout.
Core wide, regular, nearly closed, clasping; Axis short; Seeds large; Flesh whitish, breaking, not fine grained, juicy; Flavor acid, not rich; Quality scarcely good, except for cooking; Season, August and September. Fruit falls badly from the tree.
Cayuga Red Streak.
TWENTY OUNCE, ETC.
Figure 151.Fig. 151.—CAYUGA RED STREAK.
Fig. 151.—CAYUGA RED STREAK.
I have preferred to adopt the above name for this old Connecticut apple, to avoid the confusion arising from another and very indifferent fruit that is still considerably cultivated upon the same parallels with this, and known as theTwenty Ounce Pippin.
The Cayuga is a very great favorite as a market and family fruit in many parts of the country north of latitude 40°—being large, handsome and productive.
Tree thrifty, healthy, early productive, round-headed, twiggy; Shoots medium or slender, reddish brown, leaves large.
Fruit large to very large, regular, globular-conic; Surface generally smooth, yellow-green, nearly covered with mixed red, striped and splashed scarlet; Dots minute, scattered.
Basin regular, abrupt; Eye small, closed; Calyx long.
Cavity wide, folded, brown; Stem short.
Core wide, large, irregular, open, meeting or slightly clasping the eye; Seeds numerous, short, plump, pale; Flesh whitish, breaking, granular, juicy; Flavor sour, not rich; Quality good, only for its special uses, market, cooking and drying; Season, October to December.
Clarke's Pearmain.
Figure 152.Fig. 152.—CLARKE'S PEARMAIN.
Fig. 152.—CLARKE'S PEARMAIN.
Origin North Carolina. Specimens from W.S. Westbrook. Tree grows slowly, but very productive.
Fruit medium, roundish-conic, truncated; Surface yellow, covered bright red and bronzed; Dots numerous, large, yellow.
Basin abrupt, folded; Eye small, closed; Segments short, reflexed.
Cavity deep, acute, sometimes lipped; Stem long, red.
Core small, pyriform, regular, closed, scarcely clasping; Seeds, some imperfect; Flesh greenish-yellow, fine grained; Flavor sub-acid, rich; Quality good to very good; Use dessert and kitchen; Season December.
Clayton.
Figure 153.Fig. 153.—CLAYTON.
Fig. 153.—CLAYTON.
Believed to have originated in Central Indiana. Brought to my notice by Z.S. Ragan, of Clayton, Indiana; also exhibited by the Plainfield Horticultural Society at the meetings of the State Horticultural Society.
Fruit large, conical, flattened, regular; Surface smooth, greenish-yellow, covered with dull red, striped and splashed darker; Dots minute, scattered.
Basin narrow, abrupt, regular; Eye small, long, closed.
Cavity wide, acute, deep, wavy, green; Stem medium, stout.
Core wide, regular, open, clasping; Seeds numerous, plump, angular, short, dark; Flesh yellow, breaking, notfine grained; Flavor sub-acid; Quality good; Use, kitchen and market; Season, all winter until March.
Cooper's Market.
COOPER'S REDLING.
"Fruit medium, oblong-conic; Skin yellowish, shaded with red, and striped with crimson; Stem short, cavity deep, narrow; Calyx closed, basin small; Flesh white, tender, with a brisk sub-acid flavor; December to May."—(Downing.)
Early Joe.
This delicious summer apple originated in Ontario County, New York; Tree moderately vigorous, bushy when young, early bearer, very productive.
Fruit small to medium, flat-conic, regular; Surface yellow or waxen, mixed red, splashed carmine; Dots minute, with yellow bases.
Basin abrupt, regular; Eye medium, long, closed; Segments reflexed.
Cavity wide, acute, wavy, green; Stem medium, thick.
Core wide, closed, clasping; Seeds plump, brown; Flesh light yellow, breaking, very fine grained, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, aromatic, spicy, rich, very satisfying; Quality best; Use, dessert only; Season, July.
Early Strawberry.
AMERICAN RED JUNEATING.
Figure 154.Fig. 154.—EARLY STRAWBERRY.
Fig. 154.—EARLY STRAWBERRY.
Origin New York; Tree thrifty, very upright, while young, spreading and large when older; Shoots dark colored; Foliage abundant on long stems, bright green, almost shining, rather narrow, long, erect.
Fruit small to medium, round-conic, regular or rarely angular; Surface smooth, often shining, yellow, mostlycovered with mixed red, striped crimson; Dots rare, very minute; Surface sticky or "greasy" when house-ripened.
Basin shallow, folded or plaited; Eye medium, long; Segments reflexed.
Cavity medium, regular; Stem long, rather slender, sometimes short, knobby.
Core regular, closed, not meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, broad, plump; Flesh whitish-yellow, breaking, fine grained, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, aromatic; Quality good to very good; Use, dessert, market; Season, July and August.
Family.
This new southern variety is not yet sufficiently known to enable me to give a full description. My trees have not borne.
Fruit medium, conic, striped red; Season, July and August.
Flushing Spitzenberg.
As some doubt has existed in the minds of many pomologists in respect to this variety, and as many have had this name applied to theBaltimoreof Elliott, I quote that author's description:
"American. Tree vigorous, strong brown shoots; Fruit medium, roundish, slightly conical, greenish-yellow, mostly covered with warm yellowish-red; russet dots, with suffused fawn shade surrounding; Stem slender; Cavity narrow; Calyx small; Basin shallow; Core rather large; Flesh white, tinged yellow, juicy, crisp, mild, nearly sweet; 'very good.'" November to February.
Gabriel.
LADIES' BLUSH.—GARDEN OF INDIANA.
This is thought to be a southern apple, but the origin is unknown. It may yet prove to be a known variety in cultivation.
Tree moderately vigorous, productive.
Fruit medium, conic, regular; Surface smooth, greenish-yellow, mixed and striped pale red; Dots minute.
Basin medium, regular; Eye medium, closed.
Cavity regular, green; Stem medium, slender.
Core regular, closed; Seeds medium; Flesh tender, fine grained, juicy; Flavor sub-acid to sweet, aromatic; Quality almost best, for dessert; August and September, or later.
Limbertwig.
Figure 155.Fig. 155.—LIMBERTWIG.
Fig. 155.—LIMBERTWIG.
This well known southern apple is much cultivated in many parts of the West as a long keeping winter variety. It is a favorite with the southern immigrants, and found most abundant in regions occupied by them, but it has been carried pretty far to the north. The synonymJames River, as given by Downing, is not met with among the people as applied to this apple, but theWillow Twigis often so named.
Tree thrifty, exceedingly productive; Shoots slender and drooping with the heavy crops.
Fruit medium to small, roundish conic, regular;Surface rather smooth, mixed dull purplish red, on green, stripes scarcely to be traced; Dots numerous, large, irregular, brown.
Basin medium, regular; Eye small, open.
Cavity deep, acute, brown; Stem medium, curved.
Core rather large, regular, turbinate, closed, clasping; Seeds numerous, small, plump, long; Flesh greenish-yellow, firm; Flavor sub-acid, rich, aromatic; Quality very good; Use, table and kitchen; Season, March and April. Keeps very well, but wilts if exposed to the air—preserved very well in the ground.
Long Island Seek-no-Further.
WESTCHESTER SEEK-NO-FURTHER.
This old variety still has its admirers in the Eastern States, but is not often seen in the West. I describe specimens from Wm. S. Carpenter, of Westchester County, New York.
The tree is vigorous and productive.
Fruit rather large, oblate, conic, regular; Surface greenish-yellow, splashed bright red; Dots numerous, scattered, russet.
Basin shallow, wavy; Eye medium, closed.
Cavity wide, regular, brown; Stem long.
Core regular, closed; Seeds pointed, angular, imperfect; Flesh greenish-white, breaking, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, aromatic; Quality good to very good; Use, table, cooking; Season, October, November.
Polly Bright.
Origin Virginia. Considerably cultivated in Eastern Ohio.
"Fruit elongated, conic; Skin light yellow, shaded carmine, obscurely striped; Stalk of medium length, in an acute cavity, russeted; Calyx in a small furrowed basin. Flesh tender, juicy, with a pleasant sub-acid flavor; September, October."—(Downing.)
Rawle's Janet.
JANETTING OR GENETON—NEVER FAIL—ROCK RIMMON, ETC., ETC.
Figure 156.Fig. 156.—RAWLE'S JANET.
Fig. 156.—RAWLE'S JANET.
This famous southern apple has been spread throughout the West, and even the Northwest where, however, it hasnot proved hardy. It also has the fault of over-bearing, when the fruit is often small and insipid. In suitable soils it is very fine and deservedly a favorite with planters, some of whom recommend fifty trees of this variety in an orchard of one hundred. Origin Virginia.
Tree thrifty, not large, spreading; Twigs brownish, foliage medium, rather whitish. Blossoms appear later than other sorts, and thus they sometimes escape a spring frost.
Fruit medium, sometimes large when thinned, flattened, conic, regular; Surface smooth, mixed and striped crimson on yellow and green; Dots numerous, small.
Basin wide, regular; Eye small, closed; Segments reflexed.
Cavity acute, deep, regular, brown; Stem long, curved.
Core regular, heart-shaped, closed, clasping; Seeds numerous, plump; Flesh yellowish, crisp, breaking, fine grained, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, vinous, refreshing; Quality good to very good; Use, dessert, kitchen, market and cider; Season, February, March, and later.
Red Winter Pearmain.
RED GILLIFLOWER—RED LADY FINGER—BUNCOMBE? ETC.
This favorite southern apple is widely diffused through the South and West, and its good qualities have made it many admirers. Origin uncertain.
Tree sufficiently vigorous, upright, productive, annual bearer.
Fruit medium to large, conic, regular; Surface smooth, deep red, almost purplish on yellow, stripes nearly lost in the depth of coloring, whitish shading exteriorly, not a bloom; Dots numerous, minute.
Basin regular, plaited or folded; Eye long or large, open.
Cavity acute, regular, green; Stem medium length, thick, knobby.
Core medium, closed, clasping; Seeds numerous, large, plump; Flesh yellow, breaking, juicy; Flavor mild sub-acid, almost sweet, rich, satisfying; Quality good; Use, table and kitchen; Season, December and January.
Rosy Red.
Figure 157.Fig. 157.—ROSY RED.
Fig. 157.—ROSY RED.
This is one of the valuable fruits which we owe to the indefatigable efforts, of that earnest pomologist and thus philanthropist, Lewis Jones, of Cambridge, Indiana. Found in a seedling orchard.
Fruit medium, conical, truncated, regular; Surface smooth, bright red, generally diffused, indistinctly striped; Dots scattered, medium, yellow.
Basin medium, shallow, regular or folded; Eye medium, closed.
Cavity acute, narrow, deep, brown; Stem medium, slender, yellow.
Core wide, indistinct, partly open, scarcely meeting the eye; Seeds few, plump and imperfect; Flesh pale yellow, breaking, juicy; Flavor sub-acid; Quality good; Use, market and table; Season, December and January.
Westfield Seek-no-Further.
Figure 158.Fig. 158.—WESTFIELD SEEK-NO-FURTHER.
Fig. 158.—WESTFIELD SEEK-NO-FURTHER.
This favorite Connecticut apple has been widely disseminated throughout the country, and is universally admired by those who come from the Northern States; onlower parallels it is less known, and not so highly appreciated, nor is it so fine a fruit, being larger, but less compact, more spongy, less beautifully colored and sometimes almost a russet.
Tree vigorous, thrifty, spreading, productive.
Fruit medium, roundish-conic; Surface smooth dull red, mixed and striped on yellow, in the North clear bright red; Dots scattered, large, yellow; leather-cracked and russeted about the apex.
Basin shallow, regular, leather-cracked; Eye small, closed or open.
Cavity pointed, regular, brown; Stem long.
Core medium, regular, closed, meeting and clasping the eye; Seeds numerous, small, pointed; Flesh yellowish-white, tender, breaking; Flavor very mild sub-acid, aromatic, satisfying, not high flavored nor spicy; Quality only good in my estimation; Use, table and market; Season, December.
CLASS II.—CONICAL APPLES.
ORDER I.—REGULAR.
SECTION 2.—SOUR.
SUB-SECTION 3.—RUSSET.
American Golden Russet.
BULLOCK'S PIPPIN, ETC.
Figure 159.Fig. 159.—AMERICAN GOLDEN RUSSET.
Fig. 159.—AMERICAN GOLDEN RUSSET.
This delicious table apple is a universal favorite with all who can appreciate delicacy of flavor and fineness of flesh in an apple, and yet it is not a profitable variety for orchard planting, because the fruit is very apt to be imperfect. The best I have seen were from the South, and sandstone soils.
Tree vigorous, upright, round-headed, small; Foliage large, healthy.
Fruit small to medium, round-conic, regular when perfect; Surface smooth, yellow, covered with thin russet, sometimes faintly blushed; Dots minute.
Basin shallow, regular; Eye small, closed.
Cavity acute, regular; Stem long, slender.
Core medium, closed, meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, pointed; Flesh yellowish, very fine grained, tender, when fully ripe almost melting, like a pear, juicy, becoming dry when over ripe; Flavor sub-acid, rich, aromatic; Quality very best; Use, dessert; Season, November and December.
Cheesborough.
This is one of the largest and one of the poorest of the Russet apples, and unworthy of cultivation; on that account put upon record to be avoided.
Fruit large and fair, conical, regular; Surface dull green, overspread with thin russet, or more southward.
Basin irregular, green; Eye large, closed.
Cavity pointed, regular; Stem short.
Core large, closed, clasping; Seeds long, pointed, angular; Flesh green, breaking, coarse, often dry; Flavor acid or sub-acid, not rich; Quality poor; Use, kitchen only; Season, November and December.
Egyptian Russet.
BAGBY RUSSET.
Figure 160.Fig. 160.—EGYPTIAN RUSSET.
Fig. 160.—EGYPTIAN RUSSET.
This capital dessert fruit was found in Southern Illinois and introduced to his fellow pomologists of the State Society by Jno. M. Hunter, nurseryman, of Ashley. Its origin is unknown, but supposed, like the pioneers of the region, to have come from Tennessee, or some other Southern State.
Tree symmetrical, moderately vigorous, productive; Twigs slender.
Fruit medium, regular, conical, truncated; Surface smooth, light yellow, covered with fine russet, obscurely striped gray.
Basin wide, wavy, plaited, green; Eye medium to large, open.
Cavity acute, wavy; Stem medium.
Core irregular, closed, scarcely meeting the eye; Seeds large, plump; Flesh very tender, fine grained, juicy;Flavor sub-acid, aromatic, rich, pear-like; Qualityvery best; Use, dessert; Season, December and January, until March. Like other russets disposed to wilt if too much exposed to the air.
Poughkeepsie Russet.
ENGLISH RUSSET.
Figure 161.Fig. 161.—POUGHKEEPSIE RUSSET.
Fig. 161.—POUGHKEEPSIE RUSSET.
Origin New York; Tree tender, vigorous, upright, productive; Shoots brown, slender; Foliage healthy.
Fruit medium, conical or globular-conical, regular; Surface smooth, almost polished, dull yellowish-green, often bronzed near the base, more or less covered with fine russet.
Basin shallow, regular; Eye large, closed.
Cavity pointed, wavy; Stem long.
Core closed, not meeting the eye; Seeds imperfect; Flesh greenish, firm, inclined to be tough; Flavor acid, poor; Quality third rate; Use, market and cooking only, and valued because it keeps soundly for a long time; Season, December until June.
Ross' Nonpareil.
SPICE RUSSET? OF OHIO.
Figure 162.Fig. 162.—ROSS' NONPAREIL.
Fig. 162.—ROSS' NONPAREIL.
The delicious fruit about to be described is believed to be the celebrated Irish apple mentioned by Thompson,Lindley, and others; if not, we have found another choice fruit, which deserves to be better known. It is frequently found at the exhibitions in Ohio and Indiana. Often shown asSpice Russet, flatter and irregular:Vide conspectus.
Fruit medium, regular, oblate-conical; Surface smooth, yellowish, thin russet, rarely blushed dull carmine; Dots minute, gray.
Basin wide, folded; Eye medium, closed.
Cavity deep, acute, wavy; Stem long, inclined.
Core regular, open, scarcely meeting the eye; Axis short; Seeds numerous, medium, plump; Flesh white, breaking, fine grained, tender; Flavor sub-acid, aromatic, rich; Quality almost best; for table; Season December.
Spafford Russet.
Figure 163.Fig. 163.—SPAFFORD RUSSET.
Fig. 163.—SPAFFORD RUSSET.
This apple is supposed to have originated near old Fort Miami, in Northern Ohio, and was introduced to the notice of the Ohio Pomological Society by its Vice-President, J. Austin Scott, of Toledo, who cultivates the variety on the banks of the Maumee, near the place of its supposed origin.
Fruit medium, flattened-conical, regular; Surface smooth, greenish-yellow, lightly russeted, rarely bronzed; Dots minute, green.
Basin medium, abrupt, narrow, regular; Eye small, closed.
Cavity wide, wavy, green; Stem medium.
Core small, open, regular, meeting the eye; Axis short. Seeds numerous, plump, angular; Flesh white, fine grained, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, rich, aromatic, agreeable; Quality good to very good; Use, table; Season, December until March.
CLASS II.—CONICAL APPLES.
ORDER II.—IRREGULAR OR ANGULAR.
SECTION 1.—SWEET.
SUB-SECTION 1.—SELF-COLORED.
Belden Sweet.
"Grown in Connecticut, very prolific; Fruit medium or below, conic, angular; Skin light yellow, with a warmcheek. Stem medium, in an acute deep cavity; Calyx closed, in a small basin; Flesh white, tender, juicy, saccharine, with a pleasant aromatic flavor; December to March."—(Downing.)
Lyman's Pumpkin Sweet.
POUND SWEET.
Origin, the orchard of S. Lyman, Manchester, Connecticut. A very handsome, large, sweet apple, valued for baking and for stock-feeding.
Tree vigorous, spreading, drooping, rather productive.
Fruit large to very large, roundish-conical, angular; Surface very smooth, pale yellow; Dots minute.
Basin deep, abrupt, regular; Eye medium, closed.
Cavity deep, acute, regular, brown; Stem medium or short.
Core large, closed; Seeds angular, dark; Flesh yellowish, breaking, juicy, often water-cored and heavy; Flavor very sweet; Quality good; Use, baking and stock-feeding; Season, October to December.
CLASS II.—CONICAL APPLES.
ORDER II.—IRREGULAR.
SECTION 1.—SWEET.
SUB-SECTION 2.—STRIPED.
None.
CLASS II.—CONICAL APPLES.
ORDER II.—IRREGULAR.
SECTION 1.—SWEET.
SUB-SECTION 3.—RUSSET.
Sweet Russetof Kentucky.
Figure 164.Fig. 164.—SWEET RUSSET OF KENTUCKY.
Fig. 164.—SWEET RUSSET OF KENTUCKY.
This fruit was received from J.S. Downer & Son, Elkton, Kentucky.
Fruit small, conical, truncated, angular; Surface rough, dark russet; Dots scattered, minute, white, prominent.
Basin shallow, regular; Eye small, closed.
Cavity very shallow, acute; Stem short, slender.
Core large, regular, nearly closed, meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, angular, pale; Flesh yellowish-white, fine-grained, not tender; Flavor sweet; Quality scarcely good; Season, December to February.
Sweet Russet.
Figure 165.Fig. 165.—SWEET RUSSET.
Fig. 165.—SWEET RUSSET.
Fruit medium, conical, uneven; Surface yellow, thin russet; Dots numerous, small, prominent.
Basin shallow, folded; Eye small, closed.
Cavity wide, wavy; Stem short.
Core oval, open, clasping the eye; Seeds plump; Flesh yellow, tender, fine grained, juicy; Flavor sweet; Quality good to very good; Use, baking; Season, August.
S.B. Parsons of Flushing, Long Island, considers it the best baking apple.
CLASS II.—CONICAL APPLES.
ORDER II.—IRREGULAR.
SECTION 2.—SOUR.
SUB-SECTION 1.—SELF-COLORED OR BLUSHED.
Belmont.
GATE—MAMMA BEAN, ETC.
Figure 166.Fig. 166.—BELMONT.
Fig. 166.—BELMONT.
This beautiful apple is believed to be of Virginia origin, but was brought into public notice and notoriety in Belmont County, Ohio, whence its name. It is supposed to be the same as theWaxenof Coxe, which that author refers to Virginia.
Tree vigorous, spreading, productive, not hardy; Twigs light olive.
Fruit large, fair, oblate-conic, often angular; Surface very smooth, waxen-yellow, often faintly blushed orange, and spotted red; Dots minute, scattered.
Basin regular or wavy, not deep; Eye small, closed.
Cavity wide, wavy, brown; Stem long.
Core wide, regular, somewhat open, clasping; Axis short; Seeds numerous, large, flat; Flesh yellow, tender, fine-grained, juicy; Flavor mild sub-acid, refreshing, very agreeable; Quality nearly best; Use, table, kitchen, market; Season, October to December.
Celestia.
Figure 167.Fig. 167.—CELESTIA.
Fig. 167.—CELESTIA.
This fine amateur fruit, which appears destined to take the place of the Dyer, being more handsome, is a seedlingfrom theStillwater Sweet, and was produced by L.S. Mote, of Miami County, Ohio.
Fruit large, conical, truncated, angular; Surface somewhat uneven, smooth, waxen-yellow; Dots scattered, distinct, gray, with green bases.
Basin narrow, folded; Eye small, long, closed.
Cavity wide, shallow, angular; Stem long or medium, sometimes knobby.
Core small, oval, open, clasping; Seeds numerous, long, angular; Flesh yellow, very fine grained, very tender, juicy; Flavor sub-acid, very sprightly, and spicy, aromatic; Quality very best; Use, table and kitchen; Season, September.
This is essentially an amateur's fruit, as its texture andcolor disqualify it for market, while its delicious flavor renders it very attractive.
Detroit Black.
DETROIT RED?—GRAND SACHEM.
Figure 168.Fig. 168.—DETROIT BLACK.
Fig. 168.—DETROIT BLACK.
Supposed to be of Canadian origin, in the neighborhood of Detroit, Michigan. I have put these two names together, because the fruits presented asBlackand asRed Detroitare so very much alike in all respects that it is not worth while to consider them distinct.
Fruit large to very large, conic, angular; Surface very smooth, shining, deep red shaded, almost black in some specimens, no striping; Dots, numerous, minute, indented, gray.
Basin deep, abrupt, folded; Eye small, open.
Cavity wide, wavy; stem very short.
Core wide, closed or open, clasping the eye; Seeds numerous, angular, brown; Flesh whitish, tender, breaking,juicy; Flavor acid, poor; Quality second to third rate; Use, kitchen and drying; Season, September and October.
The Red variety may be distinct, as it keeps later.
Fall Geneting.
Figure 169.Fig. 169.—FALL GENETING.
Fig. 169.—FALL GENETING.
Elliott says this is an old Connecticut variety. Tree vigorous and productive.
Fruit large, flattened-conic, angular; Surface smooth, greenish-yellow, blushed; Dots rare, minute.
Basin shallow, plaited; Eye small, closed; Calyx reflexed.
Cavity deep, wide, regular, brown; Stem short.
Core small, regular, closed, clasping; Seeds numerous, plump or imperfect, brown; Flesh yellow, fine grained, juicy, crisp; Flavor sub-acid, not very rich; Quality good; Use, table, kitchen; Season, October.
Ferdinand.
I procured my trees from Virginia, where it originated. Tree vigorous, upright.
Fruit large, flattened-conic, irregular; Surface smooth, pale green or yellow.
Basin shallow; Eye medium, open.
Cavity medium; Stem stout.
Flesh yellow, tender; Flavor sub-acid; Quality good; Season, "November to March," according to Mr. Summer, South Carolina.
Harrison.
Figure 170.Fig. 170.—HARRISON.
Fig. 170.—HARRISON.
This famous Jersey cider apple, from Essex County in that State, has been carried westward over a great extent of territory, where it succeeds admirably well, and where the necessities of the people have brought to light its good properties for the kitchen as well as for the cider mill.
Tree vigorous, large, spreading, productive.
Fruit small, round-conical, somewhat angular and irregular; Surface not smooth, yellow, rarely blushed;frequent rose-colored spots, and marks radiating from the cavity over the base of the fruit; Dots small, distinct, gray.
Basin none, or very shallow, plaited; Eye small, closed; Segments long.
Cavity medium, regular, brown; Stem long, red, knobby.
Core regular, heart-shaped, closed, scarcely meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, small; Flesh yellow, compact, dry till ripe, then juicy; flavor acid to sub-acid, very rich, saccharine; Quality good; Use, especially for cider, also for cooking and for dessert in April. Keeps well.