A Note.—Esquela.
Mr. A.’s compliments to Mr. B. (Mr. and Mrs. B.) and requests the favor of his (their) company on Thursday evening the 21st instant, at 8 o’clock.Jan. 10.A. if Y. P.(An answer if you please.)Don A. C. (A. C.)b. l. m.al Sr. Don B. (saluda al Sr. y la Sra. B.) y le (les) suplica se sirva (sirvan) favorecerle con su compañia la noche del Juéves 21 del corriente á las ocho.Enero 10.S. V. C.(Sírvase V. contestar.)
Mr. A.’s compliments to Mr. B. (Mr. and Mrs. B.) and requests the favor of his (their) company on Thursday evening the 21st instant, at 8 o’clock.
Jan. 10.A. if Y. P.(An answer if you please.)
Don A. C. (A. C.)b. l. m.al Sr. Don B. (saluda al Sr. y la Sra. B.) y le (les) suplica se sirva (sirvan) favorecerle con su compañia la noche del Juéves 21 del corriente á las ocho.
Enero 10.S. V. C.(Sírvase V. contestar.)
Mr. D. F. requests the pleasure of Mr. G.’s company on Wednesday evening, the 9th instant, at eight o’clock.Wednesday, Feb. 2.Don D. F. (el Sr. D. F. or D. F.) suplica al Sr. G. le haga el gusto de favorecerle con su compañia en la noche del Miércoles 9 del corriente á las ocho.Miércoles, Febrero 2.
Mr. D. F. requests the pleasure of Mr. G.’s company on Wednesday evening, the 9th instant, at eight o’clock.
Wednesday, Feb. 2.
Don D. F. (el Sr. D. F. or D. F.) suplica al Sr. G. le haga el gusto de favorecerle con su compañia en la noche del Miércoles 9 del corriente á las ocho.
Miércoles, Febrero 2.
Mr. B.’s compliments to Mr. A. and is happy to accept his polite invitation for Thursday evening, the 21st inst.Jan. 12.El Sr. B.b. l. m.al Sr. A. y acepta con gusto su atento convite para el Juéves 21 del corriente.Enero 12.
Mr. B.’s compliments to Mr. A. and is happy to accept his polite invitation for Thursday evening, the 21st inst.
Jan. 12.
El Sr. B.b. l. m.al Sr. A. y acepta con gusto su atento convite para el Juéves 21 del corriente.
Enero 12.
Mr. B.’s compliments to Mr. A. and regrets that a pre-engagement does not allow him to accept his polite invitation for the 21st inst.Jan. 11.El Sr. B. saluda al Sr. A. y siente no poder aceptar su atento convite por hallarse comprometida de antemano para la noche del 21.Enero 11.
Mr. B.’s compliments to Mr. A. and regrets that a pre-engagement does not allow him to accept his polite invitation for the 21st inst.
Jan. 11.
El Sr. B. saluda al Sr. A. y siente no poder aceptar su atento convite por hallarse comprometida de antemano para la noche del 21.
Enero 11.
FOOTNOTES:[1]TheGerundio(gerund) never changes its termination for gender or number.[2]The participle past coming immediately after any of the tenses of the verbhaber, (to have,) does not admit of any change of gender or number. After other verbs, it changes its termination to agree with that of the person or thing it refers to.[3]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.[4]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.[5]When the English imperfect tense, for instance,he united, may be expressed byhe was uniting, orhe usedorwas accustomed to unite, preserving the same sense, then it is to be translated by the imperfect tense in Spanish; thus—él unía. When that cannot be done, but it may be changed intodid, then the preterit must be used—él unió. The same must be understood of all the verbs in the imperfect tense.[6]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.[7]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.[8]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.[9]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.[10]When the English imperfect tense, for instance,he united, may be expressed byhe was uniting, orhe usedorwas accustomed to unite, preserving the same sense, then it is to be translated by the imperfect tense in Spanish; thus—él unía. When that cannot be done, but it may be changed intodid, then the preterit must be used—él unió. The same must be understood of all the verbs in the imperfect tense.[11]The imperative mood is set as it is found inMurray’s English Grammar, with the object that the student may learn how to translate it. When the emphasis is laid on the auxiliarylet, it may be translated by the verbspermitirordejar, in the second person singular or plural; or in the third person singular or plural, ifUstedorUstedesis used.[12]The terminations of the second person singular or plural, when the verb is used negatively, arees,eis,as,ais, thus—offend thou not,no ofendas; unite ye not,no unais.[13]The numbers within a parenthesis refer to the pages inOllendorff’s Methodwhich the scholar is advised to consult.[14]Eis used instead ofywhen the following word begins withiorhi, as,Wise men and ignorant. |Sabios é ignorantes.Mother and daughter. |Madre é hija.[15]Uis employed instead ofó, when the word immediately following it begins withoorho; as,Silver or gold. |Plata ú oro[16]Fromdos, (two,) up tociento, (hundred,) inclusively, the numbers are plural, and common to both genders; as—Three men,tres hombres.Four women,cuatro mujeres.[17]Fromdoscientostonovecientos, inclusively, the terminationosis changed intoasfor the feminine; as—Three hundred miles. |Trescientas millas.[18]Primeroandtercerolose theobefore a noun. Ex.—El primer tomo el tercer tomo.[19]UstedandUstedes, (you,) have always been written in abbreviation, thus—Vm.,Vd.,Vmd., for the singular, andVms.,Vds.,Vmds., for the plural. At presentV. for the former, andVV. for the latter, are used; and by either of them only, will those words be expressed in these dialogues.[20]Donbeing a distinction of nobility, is omitted in the new republics; they address thus,Señor Anselmo Bravo. It will be better for foreigners to observe the style used by persons to whom the letters are addressed, and imitate it.[21]Letters, particularly on business, generally begin with these wordsMuy Señor mio; which, according to circumstances, may be changed intoMuy Señores mios,Muy Señor nuestro,Muy Señores nuestros. Persons mutually acquainted frequently begin their letters thus:Muy Señor mio, y amigo, orestimado amigo, orMuy Señor mio y de todo mi aprecio; My dear Sir, and friend, or esteemed friend, or valued friend.[22]Letters are also ended thus:Dios guarde á V. (orla vida de V.)los ms. as. (muchos años)que desea S. S. S. (su seguro servidor)Q. B. S. M. (que besa sus manos.) Also,Soy de V. muy atento servidor Q. B. S. M. orQuedo de V. su muy afecto servidor, Q. B. S. M.
FOOTNOTES:
[1]TheGerundio(gerund) never changes its termination for gender or number.
[1]TheGerundio(gerund) never changes its termination for gender or number.
[2]The participle past coming immediately after any of the tenses of the verbhaber, (to have,) does not admit of any change of gender or number. After other verbs, it changes its termination to agree with that of the person or thing it refers to.
[2]The participle past coming immediately after any of the tenses of the verbhaber, (to have,) does not admit of any change of gender or number. After other verbs, it changes its termination to agree with that of the person or thing it refers to.
[3]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[3]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[4]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[4]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[5]When the English imperfect tense, for instance,he united, may be expressed byhe was uniting, orhe usedorwas accustomed to unite, preserving the same sense, then it is to be translated by the imperfect tense in Spanish; thus—él unía. When that cannot be done, but it may be changed intodid, then the preterit must be used—él unió. The same must be understood of all the verbs in the imperfect tense.
[5]When the English imperfect tense, for instance,he united, may be expressed byhe was uniting, orhe usedorwas accustomed to unite, preserving the same sense, then it is to be translated by the imperfect tense in Spanish; thus—él unía. When that cannot be done, but it may be changed intodid, then the preterit must be used—él unió. The same must be understood of all the verbs in the imperfect tense.
[6]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[6]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[7]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[7]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[8]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[8]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[9]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[9]V. in the singular, must be readUsted;VV. meansUstedes, and must be pronounced so.
[10]When the English imperfect tense, for instance,he united, may be expressed byhe was uniting, orhe usedorwas accustomed to unite, preserving the same sense, then it is to be translated by the imperfect tense in Spanish; thus—él unía. When that cannot be done, but it may be changed intodid, then the preterit must be used—él unió. The same must be understood of all the verbs in the imperfect tense.
[10]When the English imperfect tense, for instance,he united, may be expressed byhe was uniting, orhe usedorwas accustomed to unite, preserving the same sense, then it is to be translated by the imperfect tense in Spanish; thus—él unía. When that cannot be done, but it may be changed intodid, then the preterit must be used—él unió. The same must be understood of all the verbs in the imperfect tense.
[11]The imperative mood is set as it is found inMurray’s English Grammar, with the object that the student may learn how to translate it. When the emphasis is laid on the auxiliarylet, it may be translated by the verbspermitirordejar, in the second person singular or plural; or in the third person singular or plural, ifUstedorUstedesis used.
[11]The imperative mood is set as it is found inMurray’s English Grammar, with the object that the student may learn how to translate it. When the emphasis is laid on the auxiliarylet, it may be translated by the verbspermitirordejar, in the second person singular or plural; or in the third person singular or plural, ifUstedorUstedesis used.
[12]The terminations of the second person singular or plural, when the verb is used negatively, arees,eis,as,ais, thus—offend thou not,no ofendas; unite ye not,no unais.
[12]The terminations of the second person singular or plural, when the verb is used negatively, arees,eis,as,ais, thus—offend thou not,no ofendas; unite ye not,no unais.
[13]The numbers within a parenthesis refer to the pages inOllendorff’s Methodwhich the scholar is advised to consult.
[13]The numbers within a parenthesis refer to the pages inOllendorff’s Methodwhich the scholar is advised to consult.
[14]Eis used instead ofywhen the following word begins withiorhi, as,Wise men and ignorant. |Sabios é ignorantes.Mother and daughter. |Madre é hija.
[14]Eis used instead ofywhen the following word begins withiorhi, as,
Wise men and ignorant. |Sabios é ignorantes.
Mother and daughter. |Madre é hija.
[15]Uis employed instead ofó, when the word immediately following it begins withoorho; as,Silver or gold. |Plata ú oro
[15]Uis employed instead ofó, when the word immediately following it begins withoorho; as,
Silver or gold. |Plata ú oro
[16]Fromdos, (two,) up tociento, (hundred,) inclusively, the numbers are plural, and common to both genders; as—Three men,tres hombres.Four women,cuatro mujeres.
[16]Fromdos, (two,) up tociento, (hundred,) inclusively, the numbers are plural, and common to both genders; as—
Three men,tres hombres.Four women,cuatro mujeres.
[17]Fromdoscientostonovecientos, inclusively, the terminationosis changed intoasfor the feminine; as—Three hundred miles. |Trescientas millas.
[17]Fromdoscientostonovecientos, inclusively, the terminationosis changed intoasfor the feminine; as—
Three hundred miles. |Trescientas millas.
[18]Primeroandtercerolose theobefore a noun. Ex.—El primer tomo el tercer tomo.
[18]Primeroandtercerolose theobefore a noun. Ex.—El primer tomo el tercer tomo.
[19]UstedandUstedes, (you,) have always been written in abbreviation, thus—Vm.,Vd.,Vmd., for the singular, andVms.,Vds.,Vmds., for the plural. At presentV. for the former, andVV. for the latter, are used; and by either of them only, will those words be expressed in these dialogues.
[19]UstedandUstedes, (you,) have always been written in abbreviation, thus—Vm.,Vd.,Vmd., for the singular, andVms.,Vds.,Vmds., for the plural. At presentV. for the former, andVV. for the latter, are used; and by either of them only, will those words be expressed in these dialogues.
[20]Donbeing a distinction of nobility, is omitted in the new republics; they address thus,Señor Anselmo Bravo. It will be better for foreigners to observe the style used by persons to whom the letters are addressed, and imitate it.
[20]Donbeing a distinction of nobility, is omitted in the new republics; they address thus,Señor Anselmo Bravo. It will be better for foreigners to observe the style used by persons to whom the letters are addressed, and imitate it.
[21]Letters, particularly on business, generally begin with these wordsMuy Señor mio; which, according to circumstances, may be changed intoMuy Señores mios,Muy Señor nuestro,Muy Señores nuestros. Persons mutually acquainted frequently begin their letters thus:Muy Señor mio, y amigo, orestimado amigo, orMuy Señor mio y de todo mi aprecio; My dear Sir, and friend, or esteemed friend, or valued friend.
[21]Letters, particularly on business, generally begin with these wordsMuy Señor mio; which, according to circumstances, may be changed intoMuy Señores mios,Muy Señor nuestro,Muy Señores nuestros. Persons mutually acquainted frequently begin their letters thus:Muy Señor mio, y amigo, orestimado amigo, orMuy Señor mio y de todo mi aprecio; My dear Sir, and friend, or esteemed friend, or valued friend.
[22]Letters are also ended thus:Dios guarde á V. (orla vida de V.)los ms. as. (muchos años)que desea S. S. S. (su seguro servidor)Q. B. S. M. (que besa sus manos.) Also,Soy de V. muy atento servidor Q. B. S. M. orQuedo de V. su muy afecto servidor, Q. B. S. M.
[22]Letters are also ended thus:Dios guarde á V. (orla vida de V.)los ms. as. (muchos años)que desea S. S. S. (su seguro servidor)Q. B. S. M. (que besa sus manos.) Also,Soy de V. muy atento servidor Q. B. S. M. orQuedo de V. su muy afecto servidor, Q. B. S. M.
Transcriber Notes:The cover image was created by the transcriber, and is in the public domain.Uncertain or antiquated spellings or ancient words were not corrected.Errors in punctuation and inconsistent hyphenation were not corrected unless otherwise noted.Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.
Transcriber Notes:
The cover image was created by the transcriber, and is in the public domain.
Uncertain or antiquated spellings or ancient words were not corrected.
Errors in punctuation and inconsistent hyphenation were not corrected unless otherwise noted.
Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.