400Nascent state182Natural gas219sciences1Neon80Neutralization108a definite act109definition109heat of109partial111Niagara Falls269,329Nickel354coin359compounds354plating354Nicotine419Nitrates131Nitric acid,128action on metals130decomposition129oxidizing action130preparation128,140properties129salts131Nitric oxide133Nitrites132Nitrobenzene417Nitrocellulose415Nitrogen78compounds122in air87occurrence78,122oxides132preparation78properties80Nitroglycerin409Nitrosulphuric acid155Nitrous acid132oxide132Non-metals165Oil of myrbane417of vitriol154Oleic acid408Olein409Oleomargarine410Onyx260Opal260Open-hearth process346Opium418Ores267Organic bases412chemistry201,397matter, decomposition122Orpiment246Orthoarsenic acid250Orthophosphates244Orthophosphoric acid244Orthosilicic acid261Osmic acid393Osmium393tetroxide393Oxalic acid407Oxidation 17,353definition18Oxidizing agent37Oxygen13and ozone22commercial preparation16history13importance21in air estimation,85in air function,84occurrence13preparation13properties16standard for atomic weights66two atoms in molecule227Oxyhydrogen blowpipe37Ozone 21,137Palladium390Palmitic acid407Palmitin409Paraffin400Paris green250Parkes's method for silver364Pearls305Perchloric acid187Periodic acid194Periodic division166groups167law169law, imperfections172law, value171table168table, arrangement166Permanent hardness310Permanganates381Permanganic acid381Peroxides278Petroleum399Pewter372Phenol417Philosopher's stone9Phlogiston19Phosphates245Phosphine242Phosphonium compounds243Phosphoric acid244Phosphorite239Phosphorous acid244Phosphorus239acids243family238hydrogen compounds242occurrence239oxides243preparation239properties240red241yellow240Photography367Physical changes2properties3properties and periodic groups171state3Physics 1,4Pitchblende314Plaster of Paris308Platinic chloride393Platinized asbestos391Platinous chloride393Platinum391a catalytic agent152,392Pneumatic trough16Polyboric acid265Polyhalite288Polysilicic acids261Porcelain336Portland cement304Potash293Potassium287acid carbonate294acid sulphate294acid sulphite294alum, aluminium334alum, chrome384alum, iron352and plant life287aurate396bromide290carbonate293chlorate291chloride290chromate385cyanide293dichromate386ferricyanide352ferrocyanide352hydroxide288hydroxide, action of halogens289hypochlorite289iodide290manganate381nitrate291occurrence287permanganate381preparation288sulphate294Precipitated chalk306Precipitation140Properties, chemical3physical3Prussic acid210Puddling343furnace344Pyridine412Pyrites351Pyrolusite380Pyrophosphoric acid245Quantitative equations72Quartz260Quicklime302Quinine418Quinoline412Radical112Radium313Reaction, classes70addition70completed139heat of75of decomposition70of double decomposition71of substitution70reversible137steps in131Realgar246Red lead375phosphorus241Reducing agent37Reduction36,354Rennin414Resemblances, family170Respiration87Rhodium390Rochelle salts408Rouge349Rubidium294Ruby331Ruthenium390Rutile264Safety lamp202Sal ammoniac294soda282Salt280Saltpeter291Chili285Salts,109acid,112Salts basic111binary114characteristics109definition109insoluble272mixed244nomenclature113normal112preparation by precipitation270Sand260Sandstone260Saponification410Sapphire331Satinspar308Scale320Schönite288Selenite308Selenium161Serpentine320,336Shot 247,375Siderite339Silica260Silicates261Silicic acids261Silicides259Silicon258acids261dioxide260fluoride258hydride258Silver364amalgamation process364bromide367chloride367coin359German359in copper ores358iodide367metallurgy364nitrate366oxide366parting of365refining365sulphide366Slag340Smalt355Smithsonite321Smokeless powder293Soaps410Soda ash284Soda lime202Sodium276acetate407bicarbonate285carbonate282carbonate, historical284chloride280chromates386hydrogen carbonate285hydroxide278hyposulphite282iodate191nitrate285occurrence276peroxide277phosphates286preparation276properties277sulphate281sulphite281tetraborate287thiosulphate282Solder372,375Solubility of gases95of solids96Solution94and chemical action53boiling point98classes94distribution of solids in98electrolysis of99freezing point99of gases in liquids94of solids in liquids96properties98saturated97supersaturated98Solvay soda process283Sombrerite239Spectroscope296Sphalerite325Spiegel iron343Spinel332Spontaneous combustion20Stalactites305Stalagmites305Standard conditions23Stannates372Stannic acid372chloride372oxide372Stannous chloride372Starch415Stassfurt salts287Stearic acid407Stearin409Steel345alloys348properties347tempering of348tool347Stibine251Stibnite250Stoneware336Strontianite312Strontium312hydroxide312nitrate312Structural formulas119Structure of compounds119Strychnine419Substitution70Sugars412cane412fruit415grape414milk414Sulphates159Sulphides148Sulphites152action of acids on150Sulphur143allotropic forms144chemical properties145comparison with oxygen161dioxide149preparation149properties150extraction143flowers of143occurrence143oxides149physical properties144trioxide152uses146varieties144Sulphuric acid154action as an acid157action on metals157action on organic matter158action on salts158action on water158fuming155manufacture154oxidizing action157plant156properties157salts159Sulphuric anhydride153Sulphurous acid151Superphosphate of lime246Sylvine288Symbols11Synthesis40Table, alkali metals274alkaline-earth metals300alloys of copper359aqueous tensionAppendix Batomic weightsAppendix Achlorine family174composition of earth's crust10composition of fuel gases220constants of elementsAppendix Bcopper family356elementsAppendix Agold and platinum metals390hydrocarbons399magnesium family316manganese and chromium379periodic arrangement168phosphorus family238silicon family257solubility of gases in water95solubility of salts96solubility of salts at different temperatures97tin and lead370weights of gasesAppendix BTalc