SALUTATYONS IN FRENCHE, WHICHE MAY BE TOURNED TWO MANER WAYES,AS WHAN YE SAYE IN ENGLISSHE, GOD GYVE YOU GOOD MOROWE,YE MAY SAYE, GOOD MOROWE GYVE YOU GOD,AS YE SHALL SE HERE FOLOWYNGE.good morowebon jourgood yerebon angood evenyngbon vespregood evynbon soirgood nyghtbonne nuytgood meetyngbon encontregood joyebon joie
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me good lyfe and longe meme bonne vie et longue methe good fortune thete bonne fortune teGod hym gyve good prosperyte and to you him gyve GodDieu luy doint bonne prosperité et a vous luy doint Dieuus well to prospere usnous bien prosperer nousyou good lucke youvous bon heur vousthem good begynnyng themleurs bon commencement leursgood meanebon moiengood ende, and well to fynisshebon fin, ou bien acheuerwell to lyve, well to dyebien uiure, bien mourirgood helthebonne santeparadyse at the endeparadis en la finthe hole, or the fulfyllyng of your desyreslentier ou laccomplissement de vos desirsGod kepe, God blesse, God save, God gyde you.Dieu gart, Dieu benie, Dieu sauue, Dieu uous conduye.God be within, God be your helpe, God be wyllynge to helpe you,Dieu soit ceans, Dieu vous soit en aide, Dieu vous veulle aider,God kepe you from yvell and trouble, I bydde you farwell, God be with you,Dieu vous garde de mal et dencombrier, a dieu vous dis, a dieu soiez,I take my leave of you, farwell tyll we se agayne.adieu sans adieu, adieu jusques au reueoir.
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THE GENERATION OF COLOURS WITH THE BLASON OF THEM.
Colour is lyght incorporate in a body visyble pure and clene. ThereCoulleur est lumiere incorporée en ung perspectif pur et nect. Ilzben two dyfference of perspectyves, the one is pure, separate of erthlynesse,sont deux difference de perspectifz, lung est pur, séparé de terrestréité,and the tother is spotted by the same and myxed lyght is devyded inet lautre est coinquiné par icelle et mixtioné lumiere estfour partes, that is to say clere, darke plentuous or scant, whiche is to understandequadri-partite, cest a dire clere, obscure habondante et rare, qui est a entendregreat or small. Wherfore it appereth that thre thynges dothe causegrande ou petite. Pourquoy il appert que trois choses causentthe essence of whythnesse, that is to say, clerenesse with habundaunce of the same,lessence de blancheur, cest a scauoir, clarté avec multitude dicelle,and a body visyble clene and pure. And thre thynges lykewyse ben cause ofet ung perspectif pur et nect. Et trois choses semblablement sont cause deblacke colour, it is to say, lyght, darke with scarsnesse of it, andcoulleur noir, cest a scauoir, lumiere, obscure auec paucite dicelle, etperspectyve unclene. And by this is open the sayeng of Arystotell, and of Avenrois,perspectif impur. Et par ce est esclarcy le dict dAristote et de Avenrois,whiche have put blacknesse for privation and whytnesse for habytudequi ont mis noircheur pour priuacion et blancheur pour habitudeor forme. And knowe ye that in these two colours lyeth all the others.ou forme. Et sachés quen ces deux coulleurs gisent toutes les aultres.mournyng blackedeul noir sablemekenesse whyte sylverhumilite blanc argentpride reedorgeul rouge geulelove greneamoureus verd sinoplestedfast bleweconstant bleu asure
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gyle darke blewedeception perswerynes tawnyfatygation taunépossessyon yelowejouissance jaulnehoope grayesperance grispurplemagesté pourpleblody colourcherité sanguinvyolettetrahison violetflour of peche treefleur de pesciercarnatyondissymulation carnationchaungeablechangeantpale pale darke colourpasle blesme obscurdeed colour horse flesshecoulleur morte cher de cheual
HERE FOLOWETH DYVERS REASONS WITH SOME STRANGE WORDESFOR INTRODUCTION OF THE FRENCHE TONGE.
Out sette the hevynesse of slepe vayne and longe, a quyete slepeHors mis lentommissement du somne vain et long, ung taisible dormiris right necessary and delycious.est tres necessaire et delicieus.A man doutfull and suspect of jelous is sone converted and tourned inUng homme doubteus et soupeconeus est tost conuerty et tourné ensmerte.cusancon.
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A man alredy luke warme in deedly hete, kyndled of angre andHomme desja tiéde en mortelle challeur, embrasé de corous etmadde of dispayre.forsené de désespoir.A goodly lady, meke, trymmed, currteyse: damosell stedfast, symple,Dame gaillarde, benigne, cointe, courtoise: damoiselle constant, symple,chaste, shamefast and honest.chaste, pudique et honeste.A woman dishonest, redy to fall, shamelesse, wanton, subtyle, payntedFemme impudicque, lubricque, affrontée, mignarde, affaitée, fardéeand disceyvable.et rusée.A gyrle havyng laughyng eyes, full of swete promyse, bearyng wytnesseUne garce aiant yeulx riantz, plains de doulx promettre, faisant foyof a wanton wyll.dung voulloir feminin.He is worthy of prayse, whiche enforceth him to gete by vertue greaterIl est digne de louenge, qui senforce dacquerer par vertu plus haultelyght, for of it to sparcle the beames through all the worlde.lucence pour en espandre les rais par tout le monde.It is folly to set our trust in thynges whiche shall fall sythe that we knoweCest folie de nous fier ez choses qui cherront puisque cognoissonsselfely the soveraygne lyghtnesse to be darked of a lyght cloude.neiz les souuerains resplendisseurs estre obscurciez dune legiere nuée.O fortune, sorowe encreasyng, and slombryng all delyces with great blameO fortune, doulleur aggrauant, et soupissant tous delices, a grant torta body by a lytell immoderate colere, doth angre hymself agaynstune personne par ung petit de colere immoderée, se indigne contrehis frende, at the lest without a faute goyng before.son amy, au moins sans prealable offence.It is shame to a noble person with his strength to darke his honourCest honte a une noble personne selon sa force obscurcir son honneurby his shame.par ses hontes.
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If the humayne inclynation, whiche is wont for the most parte to refuse thatSe lhumaine propension, qui seult pour la plus part refuser cewhich one to him doth ministre for most necessary, is nat somwhat restrayned,quon luy administre pour plus necessaire nest aulcunement cohibée,scante shalbe able in any scyence to profyte.a paine pourra en aulcune science prouffiter.We be right nygh clevyng the one to the other, bycause of naturallNous sommes de pres adherentes les ung des aultres, a cause de naturalleinclynation, specially havyng symilytude of maners togyder.procliuité, signament aiantz confirmité de meurs ensemble.Those whiche by dignyties ben shewed above others ought to thenCeulz qui par dignites sont prééminence par dessus les aultres deueroientsample of God, to put downe their pride and highnesse.selon Dieu, rabaisser leur crestes et haultesses.To do the contrary is an infortunate accident springyng of malyce, andFaire au contraire est ung fortuit accident procedant de malice, etyeldyng a man right dull, wherfore for nat to be gainsayeng andrendant ung homme fort empos, pour quoy pour non estre restif etrefusyng good counsayle: it is farre better to sustayne a good quarell,oppugnant bon conseil, trope mieulx vault soubstenir bonne querelle,than to yelde hymselfe in suche trouble.que de soy rendre en telle berelle.
Pronownes devyded by the sixe articles of declynation, both synguler and plurell nombre. And these that ende ina, asma, ta, sa, la,ben all feminyn. And all those that dothe ende inon, and ine, asmon, ton, son; me, te, se, le,ben all masculyne. Andmien, tien, sien,synguler nombre and masculyn,miens, tiens, siens; mes, tes, ses,plurell nombre and masculyn.Mienne, tienne, sienne, singuler; miennes, tiennes, siennes,plurell nombre and feminyn. But there ben certayne names of the femynyn, whiche do requyre the pronownes masculyns that must be excepted, asmon ame, mon hotesse,and suche lyke: where bothameandhotesseben femynyn gender, andmonmasculyn. Andme, te, se,ben indifferent, as in these wordes:
he (she) sayth to me, he (she) saith to the, he (she) saith to him;il, (elle) me dit, il (elle) te dit, il (elle) se dit;
whereme, te, se,serve
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I, of me, to me, at me, o me,bothe for the masculyn and femynin. Je, de moy, a moy, a me, a moy, o moy,for me, to me, of me. our, we, ours; of ours, to us,pour moy, a moy, de moy. Plurell, nos, nous, nostres; les nostres, a nous,by our. for Thou, of the, to the; by the: o thou,par nos. O nous, o nos, pour nous. Tu, de toy, a toy; par te, par toy: o tu, o toy:by the. your, you, of yours; to you, by your, o ye: by you. Hepar toy. Plurell, vos, vous, des vostres; a vous, par vos, o vous: pour vous. Ilshe, he, him; that same the same, that same, that or this. They, they,elle; cil, luy; celuy, celle, icelle, icelluy, cestuy, ceste. Ilz, ceulx, elles,them, those. What, howe, which, the which, of whom, to have.celles, icelles, eulz, iceulz. Que, qui, quel, lequel, laquelle, de qui, a cui,by whom, the whiche. My, myne: to my, of my, myne: forpar quel, quelz, laquelle, lesquelles. Mon, mien: a mon, de mon, mien: pourme, for my: for myne: o my, o myne, for me, forme, pour mon: pour le mien, par le mien: o mon, o my, o mien: pour me, pourmyne, for Plurell nombre, Thy, my, his: thy, my, his:mien, pour mon. Mes, miens, mienne, miennes, Ta, ma, sa: tes, mes, ses:thyne, myne, his:tiens, miens, siens: miennes, tiennes, siennes.
Example for the femynin:
Ma mere, ma seur, ma maistresse, ma cousine:Ta mere, ta seur, ta maistresse, ta cousine:Sa mere, sa seur, sa maistresse, sa cousine:La mere, la seur, la maistresse, la cousine.Example howe the pronowne masculyne shal be applyed asMon pere, mon frere, mon maistre, mon cousin:Ton pere, ton frere, ton maistre, ton cousin:Son pere, son frere, son maistre, son cousin:Le pere, le frere, le maistre, le cousin, andmes, tes, ses, les, for bothe plurell.
Also there be two pronownes, that ben pronounced in french by syncopation, asthe same and that same:cestuy cy et cestuy la:for the femynine: ceste cy et ceste la:where ye shall take but the last syllable of them, sayengstuicy, stuyla: stecy, stela.
PREPOSITIONS.
Nyghe, nyghe: towarde, towarde: for, by, up, downe, above, underPres, joucte: enuers, deuers: pour, par, sus, jus, dessus, dessoubz:
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afore, before, agaynst, with, to, to the, of the, of, at this syde,auant, deuant, contre, en contre: auec, a, au, du, de, deca,beyonde.dela.
CONJUNCTIONS.
If, if, and,Sy, se, et, etc.
Here foloweth the adverbes, and howe ye shall turn, and forme an adverbe from englisshe into frenche, and specially those that signifye qualities, takyng this syllablelyfrom them, and addyngmentfor it, as in these wordes folowynge:
propre }parfaite }honeste }habondant }cordial }prompte }incessante }real }instante }due } mentcommune } lysignant }competente }reuerente }decente }couarde }harde }loial }condicional }compendieuse }
{ lytel{ petit{sith { lyteldepuis { pou{{ lytel{ peu
{ up{ sus{now { hereore { ca{{ there{ la
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ADVERBES OF NOMBRES, WITH THEIR DIRIVATYVES, WHERE THE LONGESTOF TWO BEYNG LYKE IS FOR THE FEMYNYNE, AND THE TOTHERMASCULYNE: AND BOTHE OF ONE SIGNIFYCATION.
UNG Ifyrst, fyrst,emprent, premierfyrstly, onepremierment, ung, uneonely, evyn,unie, unicque, uniement, uny,evenly,union, unie, uniement, unite,of one voyce, of variable signification.uniuocque, equiuocque.onely all onelyseul, seulle, seulement, seullet,solytary.seullette, solitaire.DEUX IIseconde, seconde,deusiésme: second, seconde,double, doubled,double, doublé, doublée,doublenesse,dualité, duplicité, doublement,secondary, parted in two.secondement, bipartit.TROIS IIIthyrde, thirdly,tiers, tierce, tiercement,
the thirde,troisiéme, trinité,all one,ternil, triangle, triplicité,triple, terciane, tripartit.QUATRE IIIIfourth, the fourth,quart, quarte, quatriesme,fourthly,quartement, quaternité,the fourth parte, square,quadril, quarré, quarrée,foure cornarde,quadrangle,foure double, a crosse way,quadruple, quarefour,the quartayne, forthy,quartaine, quarantaine,forthy or lent, lent.quadragesime, quaresme.CINCQ Vfyfth, fyfthly,quint, quinte, quintement,the fyfth, of fyve,cinquiesme, quintuplice,pentecost, whit sonday.cinquesme.
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SIX VIthe sixte sixtelysixt, sixte, sixtement,of sixe, sixe cornardesextil, sextangle, sisiéme, sexagesime.SEPT VIIthe seventh seventhly,septiesme, septiesmement,ones sevyn, in sevynseptaine, septuplice,sevyn corners.septangle, septuagesime.HUIT VIIIthe eighthuitaine, huitiésmehuitiésmementNEUF IXthe nynth nyneneuuiésme, neuuayne,nynthlyneuuiésmementDIX Xtennedix, disiésme,is he that hath charge of x men.desinier, disayne.ONSE XItheleventhonsiéme onsaine.DOUSE XIItwelfthlydousiéme, dousaine.
TRAISE XIIIthe thirtenthtraisiéme.QUATORSE XIIIIthe fourtenthquatorsiémeQUINSE XVthe fyftenthquinsiéme.SAISE XVIthe sixtenthsaisiémeDIX SEPT XVIIthe sevententhdix septiésmeDIX HUIT XVIIIthe eightenthdishuitiésme.DISNEUF XIXthe nyntenthdisneufiésmeVINGT XXtwenty the twentethvintaine, vingtiémeTRENTE XXXthe thirteth, thirtietrentiesme, trentaineQUARANTE XLthe fourtethquarantiésmeCINQUANTE Lacompte of fyftie the fyftethcincquantaine, cincquantiésme.
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SOISSANTE LXthe sixteth threscore.soissantieme, soisantaine.SEPTANTE LXXthe sevyntethseptantiésmeOCTANTE LXXXthe eightethoctantiésmeNONANTE XCthe nyntethnonantiésmeCENT Chundreth, the hundreth,centaine, centiésme,
DEUX CENS CCTROIS CENS CCCQUATRE CENTZ CCCCCINQ CENTZ V. C.SIX CENTZ VI. C.SEPT CENTZ VII. C.HUIT CENTZ VIII. C.NEUF CENTZ IX. C.MIL. A THOUSANDEDIX MILE X. M.CENT MILE C. M.UNG MILION M. M.
FORMATYON OF THE INDICATYVE PRESENT TENSE.
Here after foloweth the maner, howe one shall make and fourme the present of the indicatyve or shewyng mode, of the verbes folowyng.
The maner to fourme the present of the verbes infynityve mode, here after folowynge, is: that all those that ende iner, puttyng theraway, and makyng theea consonant, ye shall have the present of the indicatyve, as in these wordes:parler, appeller, appaiser, appuier, etc.; puttyngraway, ye have:parle, appelle, appaise; appuie:sayeng,japelle, tu appelle, il appelle, nous appellons, vous appelles, ilz appellent.Ye shall neverthelesse except some verbes defectyves, asallerthat do make,je voy, tu vas, in the present, and such lyke.
Also all suche as havedin the last syllable, ye shall leave all the letters commynge after thed, and shall addes, orzto it: ye shall have the plurell nombre of them, as in those wordestordre, mordre, prendre, attaindre, auaindre, and such lyke, puttyngesorzto thed:ye shall havetordz, mordz, prendz, attainz, auaindz:howbeit that ye shall nat sounde the sayded, accordynge to the sixte rule in the begynnyng of this worke.
Also all those that doth ende inir, astenir, uenir, with all them that be dirivate of them: ascontenir, maintenir, soubstenir, preuenir, reuenir, paruenir, deuenir, and such lyke, must be all ended iniens, astiens, viens, contiens,
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maintiens, soubstiens, preuiens, reuiens, paruiens, deuiens.Sayeng:je tiens, tu tiens, il tient, nous tenons, vous tenes, ilz tienent.There is another sorte endyng inir, asconuertir, assoupir, appourir, attendrir, benir, bannir, etc. the whiche chaungynge therins, ye haveconuertis, assoupis, appouris, benis, bannis;sayeng:je bannis, tu bannis, il bannist, nous bannissons, vous bannisses, ilz bannissent;and lykewyse of the tothers. Also there must be many except, asconsentir, assentir, mourir, querir, dormir,whiche do make their present:je consens, je assens, je meurs, je quiers, je dors, tu dors, il dort, nous dormons, vous dormes, ilz dorment.
Also there is two other that doth ende in oir, the tone hath ana, in the penultyme syllable, asauoirandscauoir;whiche do makeayandscayin the present. The tother maner hath lyke termynation without ana, asapperceuoir, deuoir, pouruoir, concepuoir, decepuoir,whiche do make their present,japercoy, je doy, je pouruoy, je concoy, je decoy;how be itualloiranduolloirmust be except which do make in the presentje vaulz, andvoulloir, je veulz, tu ueulz, il ueult, nous uoulons, uous uoules, ilz ueulent.
Also there is another sorte endynge ine, in the infinitive, as,
saying, laughyng, redyng, frieng,dire, rire, lire, frire, etc.which make in their present, say, laugh, rede, frye;dis, ris, lis, fris;
sayeng,je lis, tu lis, il list, nous lisons, vous lises, ilz lisent.
Also there ben others endyng inore, asclore, shitte, with all his compost, that is to saye,disclore, unshitte,forclore, shitte out, etc. whiche do make in their present,clos, declos, forclos,etc. and for cause that rules ben infinites, and that they ben more necessary for the teacher than for the lernar, I suppose that those above sayd ben sufficyent for the indicative present.
It is to be noted that in the frenche tongue is but two cojugacions: the first shal be discerned and knowen by the first persone plurel nombre of the present in the shewynge moode, for where the sayd fyrst persone hath nosin the seconde sillable before his termination or ende, than it is of the
we love, we have, we bette, we gyve,first, as in these verbes, aymons, auons, batons, donons,
with such lyke; and where there is ansbegynning the last syllable of the forsayd fyrst persone, than it is of the second, as in these verbes,baisons, taisons, brisons, faisons, disons, lisons, pensons,etc.
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Ye shal note lykewyse that in the indicative mode ye have for the moste parte, foure preterites, that is to say, the imperfect, parfect and indiffinitive with the plusperfect, whiche ben communely founde in all verbes save in them that ben defectives, as it apereth by this verbe,
I say, thou sayest,je dis, tu dis,I dyde say;wherfore the preterit imperfyte is: je disoie;I sayde,the perfect, je deis;I have sayd;the indiffynitive, jay dit;I had sayd.the plusperfect, jauoie dit.
Nevertheles for the most part there is no difference in englysshe betwene the perf. and imperf. that is to say, betweneI dyd say, andI sayd:but bycause it is otherwise in french, I must use the said difference.
OF THE FORMATION OF THE PRETERIT IMPARFYTE.
Ye shall forme the preterit imperf. in all verbes of both conjugations by the fyrst person plurell nombre, turnyng this syllableons, whiche is in every verbe, inoiefor the fyrst conjugation: andsonsinsoie, in the second, soundynges, lyke az, aszons, zoie.
Example for the fyrst conjugation as in this verbeaymons, whiche is the fyrst person plurell nombre ofjaime, chaungyng this syllableonsinoie, ye haveaimoie;ofauons, ye haveauoie;ofdonnons, donnoie.
Example for the seconde conjugation, as in these worde:baisons, turnynge the last syllable, whiche issonsinsoie, ye have ofbrisons, brisoie;offaisons,faisoie;ofdisons, disoie;and the seconde persone shall termyne inois, the thirde inoit;the fyrst plurell nombre inionsfor the fyrst, andsonsfor the seconde, as it shall appere clerely in the conjugations herafter folowing, and this rule is infallyble for all preterites imparfyte.
OF THE PRETERIT PARFYTE.
The preterit parfyte, as well of the fyrst as of the seconde conjugation hath dyvers termynations, but there is four speciall, that is to say inus, inis, ininsand inay.
Example of us: as je bus, je fus, je leus, je congneus, etc.of is: as je escripuis, je deis, je mis, je feis.of ins: as je tins, je prins, je uins, japrins.of ay: as jaimay, je donnay, je baisay, je prisay, je laissay.
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And so the verbe that ende inusshalbe,je bus, tu bus, il but, nous bumes, vous butes, ilz burent.
Example ofis:asje feis, tu feis, il feist, nous fismes, vous feistes, ilz firent.ofins:asje uins, tu uins, il uint, nous uimmes, uous uintes, ilz uindrent.ofay:asje donnay, tu donnas, il donna, nous donnasmes, vous donnastes, ilz donnerent.
THE PRETERIT INDIFFYNITYVE.
Ye shall ever fourme the preterit indiffynityve with the thre persons, both singuler and plurell nombres of this verbe (have) in the present tensis, saying,jay aymé, I have loved;tu as aymé, thou hast loved;il a aymé, nous auons, uous aues, ilz ont aymé;and likewise of all other verbes with the sayd have, asjay dit, jay bu, jay lu, jay fait.
OF THE FORMATION OF THE PRETER PLUS PARFYTE.
The preterit most parfect is ever formed with the preterit imperfyte of the foresayd verbe (have) as the indiffynityve is with the presente, sayeng I have done, thou haddest done, that is to say,jauoie dit, jauoie aymé, jauoie bus, jauoie requis;and so thorowe the thre persons, never chaungynge the terminacion of the verbe, asjauoie dit, tu auois dit, il auoit dit, nous auions dit, uous auies dit, ilz auoient dit;and so of all other lyke.
THE FUTUR OF THE INDICATYVE.
Ye shall understande that all maner verbes in generall ben termyned in their thre persons synguler and plurell nombres after this wayes:ray, ras, ra: rons, res, ront, so that ye shall take the verbe in the present, and put thesaway at the later ende, if it be of the seconde or the fyrst conjugacion, and adde therto the foresayd terminacyon: as in this wordedis, I saye; ye shall take awayesand adderay, sayengdiray, diras, dira, dirons, dires, diront. Jaimeray, tu aymeras, il aymera, nous aymerons, uous aymeres, ilz aymeront. There be some verbes must have more addicion, asdors, I slepe, whiche must havemi, added unto it, sayeng,dormiray, andboy, drinke,which sygnify I drinke; ye shal nat sayboiray, butbuueray, I shall drinke; and so of some other, asdoy, ought; andmetre, I put. How be it they be all termined with the above sayd termination.
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OF THE IMPERATIVE, WHICHE SIGNIFYETH COMMAUNDYNG.
The imperative for the most parte is ever lyke the verbe present tensis of the indicatyve moode, leavyng the fyrst persone and puttyng the pronowne after the verbe, for it differs nat: save in the thyrde persone synguler, and plurell nombre of some verbes, asjay, whiche doth make in the thirde person synguler,il a; and the thirde persone of the imperatyve isquil ayt, orayt cil, ouceluy; and lykewyse ofscay. But of the moste parte of others, it is lyke the present, leavyng the fyrst persone, whiche is nat in the imperatyve synguler nombre, as in this verbejaime,tu aime,il aime,nous aimons,uous aimes,ilz aiment; which his present is that is a lyke in the imperatyve, leavynge the fyrst persone, sayengaime tu,aime cil,aimons nous,aimes uous,quilz aiment; puttyng ever the pronowne after the verbe.
The sayde imperatyve hath two futures, the tone affyrmatyve, and the tother negatyve, whiche have evermore these frenche wordes going before every person:
do, kepe, se, Se that thou speke; loke that he move nat;faitz, garde, voy, as in this example: Voy que tu parle; garde quil ne se meuue;
prenons garde que nous ne mouuons,que vous ne mouues;prenez garde quilz ne se meuuent; and lykewise of the affyrmative, leavyng this wordene.
THE OPTATYVE.
After the olde grammer was wonte to be all one with his preterit imperf. but we shall make hym different from hym, puttyng before the verbe this wordeoh, orje vous prie, sayeng,oh que je boiue,je te prie que tu boiue, etc.
The sayd optatyve hath thre preterites, that is to say, imperf., parfyte, and plusperf., puttynge alwayesa ma uoullente, orplust a Dieubefore the verbe. The preterit imperf. is moost termyned inusse, inse, and inasse, whiche may serve lykewyse for the present, as in these verbes:Pleust à Dieu que jaimasse;a ma uoullente que tu me congneusse;pleust a Dieu que tu prinsses courage. The parfyte is moche lyke the preterit indiffynityve of the indicatyve, as ama uoullente que jaie aimé. The plus perfyt hath ever this verbejeusse(I had) before hym, asjeusse aimé,jeusse dit, etc. His presente doth serve for his future, addyng eithertantostordemain, sayengpleust a Dieu que je uoise demain auec uous; a ma uoullente que deuiegne bon, a ma uoullente quil soit tantost corrige.
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THE SUBJUNCTIVE OR CONJUNCTIVE.
The conjunctive is lyke the optative in his present and preterittes, save that we say in stede ofpleust a Dieu, a ma uoullente; sy, come, quant,orueu, sayeng for the present,sy je fuisse maintenant, comme jay congneu, quant jeusse sentu.
The sayd conjunctyve hath two futures, the tone hath alwayes this wordemais, goyng before the verbe, asmais que je soie joieulz, etc.
The tother is borowed of the potenciall mode, and hath for his termynation,roy, rois, roit: rions, ries, roient, asjaimeroie, tu aimerois, il aimeroit, nous aimerions, uous aimeries, ilz aimeroient;and likewyse of all others. The termination of the infinityve shall appere in the verbes here after folowyng, wherfore in eschewyng prolixite, I will no further speke of it. The preterit must ever have this verbe infynityve moode:auoir, before hym, asauoir parlé, auoir dit, auoir mordz, etc.
The gerundyve is formed of the infinityve, and of the participle present tensis, asde parler, pour conferer, en communicant, etc. The overthrowen or supins which ben calledreuerses, ye shall ever put the preterit parfit or the second futur of the conjunctive before him, sayeng:je te uoulsisse, orje te uouldroye bien aimé de Dieu, etc.
A RULE FOR TO MAKE PARTICIPLES, ADVERBES AND NOWNESOF THE VERBES FOLOWYNGE.
All maner verbes infinitive mode endyng iner, takyng theraway, ye have the preterit masculin, and addyng aneto theéthat remaine, ye have the participle feminin of the preterit tensis, as in this verbeenseigner, take away ther, ye haveenseigné, which is masculin, and addyng anothereto it, ye haveenseignée, which is the preterit feminin, soundyng the firsteas a uowel, and if ye addementto it, ye shal haveenseignement, which is an adverbe, and puttyng bothesaway, and addyngant, ye have the participle present, whiche isenseignant, and this rule is generall for the termination. Also all verbes endyng inir, asuenir, and such as come of him must al changeirinufor the preterit masculyn, and addyng aneto the saydufor the feminin. Exemple for the masculin, if ye takeiraway fromuenir, tenir, souuenir, soubstenir, maintenir, and addeufor it, ye shall have,uenu, tenu, souuenu, maintenu, and addyng aneto it, ye shall have the feminin, whiche
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be,uenue, tenue, souuenue, maintenue, etc. and if ye put away the sayduande, and putantfor it, ye shall have the participle present tensis, asuenant, tenant, souuenant, maintenant. There ben other verbes ending inir, whiche must chaunge therinefor the feminin, and without theefor the masculin, asbenir, take away ther, ye havebeny, which is preterit masculin, and adde aneto it, ye havebenie, whiche is the feminin, and lykewyse ofbannir, banni, bannie; rauy, rauie, and addingssantto the masculin, ye havebanissant, benissant, rauissant. Mourirandquerirmust be excepted: formourirhathmortfor his masculyn, andmortefor the femynyn, andquerir, quisandquise; mourantandquerantfor the participle present tense.
Also those wherof the infynityve termyne or ende intre, or indre, theebeyng a consonant, asbatre, abatre, combatre, rabatre, debatre: pendre, fendre, deffendre, tendre, rendre, uendre, must all chaungereinufor the masculyn, sayengbatu, abatu, combatu, pendu, fendu, deffendu, uendu, tondu, addyng aneto it for the femynyn, sayengbatue, uendue, fendue, tondue; ye must exceptprendrewith all his dirivatives, and makepris, prise; repris, reprise; compris, comprise; mespris, mesprise. There ben other that ende ine, asmectre, with all that of hym ben diryvate; whiche must folowe the sayd rule, aspermis, permise; mis, mise; demis, demise; commis, commise; promis, promise; remis, remise; compris, etc. and bycause they be noted for the most parte among the Catalogue of verbes, and howe ye shall fourme lykewyse both nownes and adverbes: and also that it is harde for to fynde a rule generall and infallyble, I do here termyne the sayde rules.
HERE AFTER FOLOWETH SOME VERBES AFTER THE LETTERS OF THEA, B, C.
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