ACCOUCHEUR, fish,246;toad,254Acerina cernua,246Acinia prehensa,233Actinia,233,234Actinophrys, apparent intelligence of,20Adamsia,234Adaptive movement, as evidence of mind,2,3Addison, his definition of instinct,11Addison, Mrs. K., on gesticulating signs made by a jackdaw,316Ælian, on division of labour in harvesting ants,98Æsthetic emotions of birds,279-82Affection, sexual, parental, and social, of snails,27;of ants,45-9and58,59;of bees,155,156, and162;of earwig,229;of fish,242-6;of reptiles,256,258,259;of birds,270-6;of kangaroo,326,327;of whale,327;of horse,329;of deer,334;of bat,341;of seal,341-6;of hare,338-40;of rats,340;of mice,341;of beaver,367;of elephant,387-92;of cat,411,412;of dog,437,440,441;of monkeys,471-5and484-98Agassiz, Professor A., on instinct of hermit-crab,232;nest of fish,242-3;on beaver-dams,384,385Agassiz, Professor L., on intelligence of snails,26Alison, Professor, on curious instinct of polecat,347Allen, J. A., on breeding habits of pinniped seals,341-6Alligators,256-8and263Alopecias vulpes,252Amœba, apparent intelligence of,21Anemones, sea,233,234Anger, ofantsandbees,seeunder;of fish,246,247;of monkeys,478,479and484-96Angler-fish,247,248Annelida, apparent intelligence of,24Antennæ, effects of removal in ants,142;in bees,197Antithesis, principle of, in expression of emotions by monkeys,494,495Ant-lion,234,235Ants, powers of special sense,31-37;of sight,31-33;of hearing,33;of smell,33-37;sense of direction,37,38;memory,39-45;recognition of companions and nest-mates,41-45;emotions,45-49;affection,45-48;sympathy,48,49;communication,49-57;habits general in sundry species,57-93;swarming,57,58;nursing,58,59;education,59,60;keeping aphides,60-64;making slaves,64-68;wars,68-83;keeping domestic pets,83,84;sleep and cleanliness,84-7;play and leisure,87-89;funeral habits,89-93;habits peculiar to certain species,93-122;leaf-cutting,93-96;harvesting,96-110;African,110,111;tree,110,111;honey making,111-114and142;ecitons, or military,114-122;general intelligence,122-142;Sir John Lubbock's experiments on intelligence,123-128;intelligence displayed in architecture,128-130;in using burrows made by elater larvæ,130;in artificial hives,130;in removing nest from shadow of tree,131;in cutting leaves off overshadowing tree,131,132;in bending blades of grass while cutting them,132,133;in co-operating to glue leaves together,133,134;in getting at food in difficult places,134,135;in making bridges, &c.,135-139;in tunnelling under rails,140;anatomy and physiology of nerve-centres and sense organs,140-2Apes,seeMonkeysArachnidæ,204-225,seeSpidersandScorpionsArago, his observation regarding sense of justice in dog,443Arderon, on taming a dace,246Argyroneta aquatica,212Arn, Capt., on sword- and thresher-fish,252,253Articulata,seeunder divisions ofAss, general intelligence of,328and333Association of ideas,seeunder various animalsAteuchus pilularius,226Athealium, apparent intelligence of,19-20Atkinson, the Rev. J. C., on reasoning power of a dog,458,459Audubon, on ants making beasts of burden of bugs,68;plundering instincts of white-headed eagle,284;variations in instinct of incubation,299,300Auk, nidification of,292Automatism, hypothesis of animal,6BABOON, sympathy shown by Arabian,474;rage of,478;revenge of,478Badcock, on dog making peace-offerings,452Baer, Van, on organisation of bee,241Backhouse, R. O., on dog being alarmed at a statue,453Bailey, Professor W. W., on dog stopping a runaway horse,459Baines, A. H., on dog communicating wants by signs,446,447Baker, on sticklebacks,245Baldamus, Dr., on cuckoo laying eggs coloured in imitation of those of the birds in whose nests they lay them,307Ball, Dr. Robert, on commensalism of crab and anemone,234Banks, Sir Joseph, on intelligence of tree-ants,133;fish coming to sound of bell,250Bannister, Dr., on cat trying to catch image behind mirror,415,416;on intelligence of the Eskimo dogs,461,462Barrett, W. F., on instincts of young alligator,256Barton, Dr., on alleged fascination by snakes,264Bastian, on termites,198Bates, on ants' habit of keeping pets,84;cleaning one another,87;play and leisure,88,89;leaf-cutting,93-95;tunnelling,99;ecitons,114-21;on sand-wasp taking bearings to remember precise locality,150;mygale eating humming-birds,208;on nidification of small crustacean,232,233;habits of turtles, and alligators,257,258;intelligence of vultures,314;bats sucking blood,341Batrachians,254,255Bats,341Baya-bird, nidification of,294Bears,350-352Beattie, Dr., on dog communicating desires by signs,447Beaver,367-85;breeding habits,367,368;lodges,368-73;dams,373-79;canals,379-83;general remarks upon,368,377,379,383;age of their buildings,384;effects of their buildings on the configuration of landscapes,384,385Bechstein, on birds dreaming,312Bee, mason,178,179;tapestry,179;carpenter,179;rose,179;carding,179,180Bees, sense of sight,143,144;of smell and hearing,144;of direction,144-51;remembering exact locality of absent hive,148-49;following floating hives,149;memory,151-55;sympathy,155,156;distances over which they forage,150;powers of communication,156-60;economy of hive,160-8;food and rearing,160-163;swarming and battles of queens,163,164;drone-killing,164-68;plunder and wars,168-170;architecture,170-8;way-finding,181,182;instinct of neuters,181;recognising companions,183,184;barricading doors against moths,184,185;strengthening combs in danger of falling,185,186;mode of dealing with surfaces of glass,186;with strange hives,186,187;evacuating fallen hive,187;ceasing to store honey in Barbadoes and California,187,188;recognising persons,188,189;biting holes in corollas,189;ventilating hives,191,192;covering slugs, &c., with propolis,190,191;effects of removing antennæ,197Beetles,seeColeopteraBelshaw, on cat knocking knockers,422Belt, on ants, duration of memory in,39,40;sympathy,48;division of labour,99;ecitons,114-19and138;tunnelling under rails,140;on sand-wasp taking precise bearings to remember locality,150,151;struggle between wasps and ants for secretion of frog-hoppers,194,195;intelligence of spiders in protecting themselves from ecitons,219,220;beetles undermining stick supporting a dead toad,228;intelligence of monkeys,480Benedictson, on navigating habits of Iceland mice,364,365Bennet, on birds dreaming,312Bennett, on conjugal fidelity of duck,270,271Berkeley, G., on beetle storing its food,228,229Bettziech-Beta, on termites,199Bidie, on suicide of scorpion,222,223;on reasoning power of cat,415Bingley, on intelligence of ants,133;carpenter-bees,179;account of alleged training of bees,189;co-operation of beetles,226,227;ant-lion,230,235;domestication of toad,255;fascination by snakes,264;sympathy in birds,272;eccentricity of nest building instinct,295;education of birds,312;pigs pointing game,339,340;intelligence of otter,346;memory of elephant,387;vindictiveness of elephant,387,389;elephants enduring surgical operations,399,400Bird, Miss, on combined action of crows in obtaining food from dogs,320Birds,266-325;memory of,266-70;emotions,270-82;special habits of procuring food,283-6;of incubation and taking care of offspring,287-310;general intelligence,310-25;dreaming and imagination,311-12;learning to avoid telegraph wires,313;recognising painting of birds,311;submitting to surgical operation,313-14;honey-guide,315-16;appreciation of mechanical appliances,315-16;concerted action,318-322Birgus latro,233Bison,334-5Blackbirds, breaking shells against stones,283;removing eggs,289;mobbing cat,291Blackburn, Professor H., on distances over which bees forage,150Blackman, on cats learning to beg for food,414-15Blackwall, on early display of instincts by spiders,216Blanchard, on mason-bee,178Blood, on reasoning power of a dog,464Boa-constrictor, really aPython, whichseeBodley, W. H., on dogs crossing a river to fight undisturbed,451-2Bold, on canary singing against own image in mirror,276Bombyx moth, larva of,238-40Bonnet, on spider following her eggs into pit of ant-lion,205;his experiments on instincts of caterpillars,236;observations on ditto,238Boobies, plundered by frigate pelicans,284Bosc, on migrating fish,248Bower-bird, instincts of,279-81,325Bowman, Parker, his cat opening swivel of window,425Boys, C. V., his experiments with a tuning-fork on spiders,206,207Brehm, on wasps recognising persons,188;intelligence of lapwing,315,316;curiosity of monkeys,477Broderip, on vindictiveness of elephant,389Brodie, Sir B., his definition of instinct,15;on bees strengthening their combs,185,186Brofft, Herr L., on powers of communication in bees,160Brougham, Lord, on hexagonal form of bees' cells,172;on intelligence of a dog,450Brown, Capt., on vindictiveness of a stork,277-8Brown, W., on a cat extinguishing fire by water,425Browne, Dr. Crichton, on cat ringing bell,423Browne, Murray, on fox allowing itself to be extricated from trap,431Browning, A. H., on intelligence of a dog,450Brydon, Dr., on collective instinct of jackals,434Buchanan, Dr., on climbing perch,249;on nidification of baya-bird,294Büchner, Professor,on ants:nursing habits,59;stocking trees with aphides,63;warfare,71-9;play,87-88;leaf cutting,95-96;intelligence in making a bridge of aphides over tar,136;of themselves over a space,136-37;and of a straw over water,137;ecitons,139;anatomy and physiology of brain,141-42.On bees and wasps:powers of communication,158-60;swarming habits,168;wars and plunder,169;cell-building,177-78;evacuating dangerous hive,187;keeping hives clean,190;carrying dead from hive and burying them,191;ventilating hives,191-92;hornet and wasp dismembering heavy prey, and carrying it to an eminence in order to fly away with it,196.On termites,198-202.On spiders:web-building,211-12;wolf spider,213;trap-door spiders,217-18;intelligence of a spider habitually fed by Dr. Moschkau,218-19;
ACCOUCHEUR, fish,246;toad,254
BABOON, sympathy shown by Arabian,474;rage of,478;revenge of,478