1847. J. D. Lang,' Cooksland,'p. 126, n.:
"When their fire-stick has been extinguished, as is sometimes the case, for their jins or vestal virgins, who have charge of the fire, are not always sufficiently vigilant."
1896. F. J. Gillen, `Horne Expedition in Central Australia,' Anthropology, pt. iv. p. 170:
"Carrying fire-sticks, they place rings, woven of fur and vegetable down, round the boy's neck and arms and sometimes over and under the shoulders; the fire-sticks are then handed to him, the lubras saying: Take care of the fire; keep to your own camp.'"
1848. J. Gould, `Birds of Australia,' vol. iii. pl. 78:
"Estrelda Bella, Fire-tailed finch. Fire-tail, Colonists of Van Diemen's Land."
1848. J. Gould, `Birds of Australia,' vol. i. pl. 6:
"Pandion Leucocephalus, Gould, White-headed osprey. Little fish hawk, Colonists of New South Wales. Fish-hawk, Colonists of Swan River.''
1846. C. P. Hodgson, `Reminiscences of Australia,' p. 366:
"`Fist it,' a colonial expression, which may convey to the uninitiated the idea that knives, forks, plates, etc., are unknown in the bush; such was formerly the case, but the march of improvement has banished this peculiar simplicity."
1889. J. H. Maiden,' Useful Native Plants,' p. 61:
"Five-corners. These fruits have a sweetish pulp with a large stone. They form part of the food of the aboriginals, and are much appreciated by school boys. When from a robust plant they are of the size of a large pea, and not at all bad eating."
1896. H. Lawson, `When the World was Wide,' p. 158:
"Still I see in my fancy the dark-green and blueOf the box-covered hills where the five-corners grew."
(1) A tree of Eastern Australia, with profuse bright coral-like flowers, Brachychiton acerifolium, F. v. M., N.O. Sterculiaceae.
(2) A tree of Western Australia, with brilliant orange-coloured flowers, Nuytsia floribunda, N.O. Loranthaceae; which is also called Tree Mistletoe, and, locally, a Cabbage-tree.
1885. R. M. Praed, `Australian Life,' p. 96:
"There are flame-trees showing in spring vivid patches of crimson."
1895. J. H. Maiden, `Flowering Plants of New South Wales,' p. 9:
"We only know one truly local name for this plant, and that is the `Flannel Flower'—a rather unpoetical designation, but a really descriptive one, and one universally accepted. It is, of course, in allusion to the involucre, which looks as if it were snipped out of white flannel. It is also known to a few by the name of Australian Edelweiss."
1793. Governor Hunter, `Voyage,' p. 410 (Aboriginal Vocabulary):
"Paddewah, a fish called a flathead."
1832. J. Bischoff, `Van Diemen's Land,' c. ii. p. 32:
"The market of Hobart Town is supplied with small rock cod, flatheads, and a fish called the perch."
1793. `Transactions of Linnaean Society,' vol. ii. p. 350:
"Its name I have deduced from platus, broad, and lobos, a pod."
"P. formosum. Orange flat-pea . . . A figure of this . . . will soon be given in the work I have undertaken on the botany of New Holland."
[The figure referred to will be found at p. 17 of the `Specimen of the Botany of New Holland.']
1889. J. M. Maiden, `Useful Native Plants,' p. 626:
"`Native flax.' Although a smaller plant than the true flax, this plant yields fibre of excellent quality. It is used by the blacks for making fishing-nets and cordage."
1807. J. Savage, `Some account of New Zealand,' p. 56:
"Small baskets made of the green native flax."
1845. E. J. Wakefield, `Adventures in New Zealand,' vol. i, p. 63:
"The plant is called Phormium tenax by naturalists. The general native name for the plant, we are told, is `korari,' but each sort, and there are ten or twelve, has its distinctive name. Any portion of the leaf, when gathered, becomes here `kie kie,' or literally, `tying stuff.' The operation of scraping is called `kayo,' the fibre when prepared, `muka.'" [Mr. Tregear says that Wakefield's statements are mistaken.]
1851. Mrs. Wilson, `New Zealand,' p. 23:
"His robe of glossy flax which loosely flows."
1861. C. C. Bowen, `Poems,' p. 57:
"And flax and fern and tutu grewIn wild luxuriance round."
1870. T. H. Braiui, `New Homes,' c. viii. p. 375:
"The native flax (Phormium tenax) is found in all parts of New Zealand; it grows to the height of about nine feet."
1872. A. Domett, `Ranolf,' v.3, p. 93:
"In flowing vest of silky flax, undyed."
1893. `Murray's Handbook to New Zealand,' p. 29:
"The so-called native flax (phormium tenax)."
1872. A. Domett, `Ranolf,' i. 5, p. 11:
"With flax-blades binding to a treeThe Maid who strove her limbs to free."
1854. W. Golder, `Pigeons' Parliament,' Intro. p. v:
"I had . . . to pass a night . . . under the shade of a flax-bush."
1872. A. Domett, `Ranolf,' x. 4, p. 171:
"And the louder flax-bushesWith their crowding and crossingBlack stems, darkly studdedWith blossoms red-blooded."
1872. A. Domett, `Ranolf,' xiv. 3, p. 221:
"little islesWhere still the clinging flax-flower smiles."
1884. T. Bracken, `Lays of Maori' p. 69:
"Zephyrs stirred the flax-leaves into tune.
1889. J. H. Maiden, `Useful Native Plants,' p. 621:
"Flax-lily. The fibre is strong, and of a silky texture.The aboriginals formerly used it for making baskets, etc.All the colonies except Western Australia."
1889. J. H. Maiden, `Useful Native Plants,' p. 502:
"From the great hardness of the wood it is often known as flintwood."
In Sydney, Pseudorhombus russelli, Gray; in Melbourne, Rhombosolea victoriae, Castln.; in New Zealand and Tasmania, R. monopus, Gunth. Maori name, Patiki; family Pleuronectidae. They are all excellent eating.
1876. P. Thomson, `Transactions of New Zealand Institute,' vol. ix. art. lxvii., p. 487:
"Patiki (flounder). Flounders are in the market all the year."
1862. H. C. Kendall, `Poems,' p. 53:
"The flute-bird's mellow tone."
Black-faced Flycatcher—Monarcha melanopsis, Vieill.
Blue F.—Myiagra concinna, Gould.
Broad-billed F.—M. latirostris, Gould.
Brown F. [called also Jacky Winter (q.v.)]Micraeca fascinans, Lath.
Leaden F.—Myiagra rubecula, Lath.
Lemon-breasted F.—Micraeca flavigaster, Gould.
Lesser Brown F.—M. assimilis, Gould.
Little F.—Seisura nana, Gould.
Pale F.—Micraeca pallida.
Pearly F.—Monarcha canescens, Salvad.
Pied Fly-catcher—Arses kaupi, Gould.
Restless F.—Seisura inquieta, Lath. [called also Razor-grinder, q.v., and Dishwasher, q.v.]
Satin F.—Myiagra nitida, Gould [called Satin-robin, q.v.,in Tasmania]
Shining F.—Piezorhynchus nitidus, Gould.
Spectacled F.—P. gouldi, Gray.
White-bellied F.—P. albiventris, Gould.
White-eared F.—P. leucotis, Gould.
Yellow-breasted F.—Machaerhynchus flaviventer, Gould.
1790. J. White, `Voyage to New South Wales,' p. 161:
"We this day caught a yellow-eared fly-catcher (see annexed plate). This bird is a native of New Holland." [Description follows.]
Fly-eater, n. the new vernacular name for the Australian birds of the genus Gerygone (q.v.), and see Warbler. The species are—
Black-throated Fly-eater—Gerygone personata, Gould.
Brown F.—G. fusca, Gould.
Buff-breasted F.—G. laevigaster, Gould.
Green-backed F.—G. chloronota, Gould.
Large-billed F.—G. magnirostris, Gould.
Southern F.—G. culicivora, Gould.
White-throated F.—G. albogularis, Gould.
Yellow-breasted F.—G. flavida, Ramsay.
1895. W. O. Legge, `Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science `(Brisbane), p. 447:
"[The habits and habitats of the genus as] applied to Gerygone suggested the term Fly-eater, as distinguished from Fly-catcher, for this aberrant and peculiarly Australasian form of small Fly-catchers, which not only capture their food somewhat after the manner of Fly-catchers, but also seek for it arboreally."
1866. T. McCombie, `Australian Sketches,' second series, p. 172:
"I may here state that the settlers designate the old kangaroos as `old men' and `old women,' the full-grown animals are named `flyers,' and are swifter than the British hare."
1793. Governor Hunter, `Voyage,' p. 507:
"The head of this bat strongly resembles that of a fox, and the wings of many of them extend three feet ten inches. . . . [Description of one domesticated.] . . . They are very fat, and are reckoned by the natives excellent food. . . . It was supposed more than twenty thousand of them were seen within the space of one mile."
1827. P. Cunningham, `Two Years in New South Wales,' vol. i. p. 315:
"One flying fox is an immense bat, of such a horrific appearance, that no wonder one of Cook's honest tars should take it for the devil when encountering it in the woods."
1830. R. Dawson, `Present State of Australia,' p. 310:
". . . a flying fox, which one of them held in his hand. It was, in fact, a large kind of bat, with the nose resembling in colour and shape that of a fox, and in scent it was exactly similar to it. The wing was that of a common English bat, and as long as that of a crow, to which it was about equal in the length and circumference of its body."
1849. J. P. Townsend, `Rambles in New South Wales,' p. 97:
"Some of the aborigines feed on a large bat popularly called `the flying fox.' . . We found the filthy creatures, hanging by the heels in thousands, from the higher branches of the trees."
1863. B. A. Heywood, `Vacation Tour at the Antipodes,' p. 102:
"The shrill twitter of the flying fox, or vampire bat, in the bush around us."
1871. Gerard Krefft, `Mammals of Australia':
"The food on which the `Foxes' principally live when garden fruit is not in season, consists of honey-bearing blossoms and the small native figs abounding in the coast-range scrubs. . . . These bats are found on the east coast only, but during very dry seasons they occur as far west as the neighbourhood of Melbourne."
1881. A.C. Grant, `Bush Life in Queensland,' vol. ii. p. 20:
"A little further on they came to a camp of flying foxes. The huge trees on both sides of the river are actually black with them. The great bats hang by their hooked wings to every available branch and twig, squealing and quarrelling. The smell is dreadful. The camp extends for a length of three miles. There must be millions upon millions of them."
They include the so-called Flying-Squirrel, Flying-Mouse, etc. There are three genera—
Acrobates (q.v.), called the Flying-Mouse,and Opossum-Mouse (q.v.).
Petauroides commonly called the Taguan, orTaguan Flying-Squirrel.
Petaurus (q.v.), commonly called the FlyingSquirrel.
The species are—
Lesser F.-Ph.—Petaurus breviceps.
Papuan Pigmy F.-Ph.—Acrobates pulchellus (confined to Northern Dutch NewGuinea).
Pigmy F.-Ph.—A. pygmaeuss.
Squirrel F.-Ph.—Petaurus sciureus.
Taguan F.-Ph.—Petauroides volans.
Yellow-bellied F.-Ph.—P. australis.
1789. Governor Phillip, `Voyage to Botany Bay,' c. xv. p. 151:
"Norfolk Island flying squirrel." [With picture.]
1827. P. Cunningham, `Two Years in New South Wales,' vol. i.:
"The flying squirrels are of a beautiful slate colour, with a fur so fine that, although a small animal, the hatters here give a quarter dollar for every skin."
1849. J. P. Townsend, `Rambles in New South Wales,' p. 37:
"The squeal and chirp of the flying squirrel."
1850. R. C. Gunn, `Proceedings of the Royal Society of Van Diemen's Land,' vol. i. p. 253:
"In the year 1845 I drew the attention of the Tasmanian Society to the interesting fact that the Petaurus sciureus, or Flying Squirrel, of Port Phillip, was becoming naturalized in Van Diemen's Land. . . . No species of Petaurus is indigenous to Tasmania. . . . It does not appear from all that I can learn, that any living specimens of the Petaurus schireus were imported into Van Diemen's Land prior to 1834; but immediately after the settlement of Port Phillip, in that year, considerable numbers of the flying squirrel were, from their beauty, brought over as pets by the early visitors."
1851. J. B. Clutterbuck, `Port Phillip in 1849,' p. 78:
"The flying squirrel, another of the opossum species of the marsupial order, is a beautiful little creature, and disposed over the whole of the interior of New South Wales: its fur is of a finer texture than that of the opossum."
1855. W. Blandowski, `Transactions of Philosophical Society of Victoria,' vol. i. p. 70:
"The common flying squirrel (Petaurus sciureus) is very plentiful in the large gum trees near the banks of a creek or river, and appears to entertain a peculiar aversion to the high lands."
1890. C. Lumholtz, `Among Cannibals,' p. 90:
"Flying squirrel."
[Footnote]:
"The marsupial flying phalanger is so called by theAustralians."
1839. T. L. Mitchell, `Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia,' vol i. p. 71 [Footnote]:
"A `forest' means in New South Wales an open wood with grass. The common `bush' or `scrubb' consists of trees and saplings, where little grass is to be found."
[It is questionable whether this fine distinction still exists.]
1832. J. Bischoff, `Van Diemen's Land,' vol. ii. p. 27:
"There are three or four varieties of kangaroos; those most common are denominated the forester and brush kangaroo."
1847. L. Leichhardt, `Overland Expedition,' p. 423:
"I called this river the `Red Kangaroo River,' for in approaching it we first saw the red forester of Port Essington."
1862. H. C. Kendall, `Poems,' p. 67:
"And the forester snuffing the airWill bound from his covert so dark."
1880. Mrs. Meredith, `Tasmanian Friends and Foes,' p. 15:
"We have never had one of the largest kind—the Forester Kangaroo (Macropus gigantes)—tame, for they have been so hunted and destroyed that there are very few left in Tasmania, and those are in private preserves, or very remote out-of-the-way places, and rarely seen. . . . The aborigines called the old father of a flock a Boomer. These were often very large: about five feet high in their usual position, but when standing quite up, they were fully six feet . . . and weighing 150 or 200 pounds."
1890. Rolf Boldrewood, `Miner's Right,' c. xix. p. 181:
"The dogs . . . made for them as if they had been a brace of stray foresters from the adjacent ranges."
Forget-me-not, n. The species of this familiar flower is Myosotis australis, R. Br., N.O. Asperifoliae.
1882. Rev. J. E. Tenison-Woods, `Fish of New South Wales,' p. 49:
"Of this fish Mr. Hill says: The scorpion or Fortescue, as these fish are popularly termed by fishermen, have been known for a long time, and bear that name no doubt in memory of the pain they have hitherto inflicted; and for its number and array of prickles it enjoys in this country the alias `Forty-skewer' or `Fortescure.' "
1896. F. G. Aflalo, `Natural History of Australia,' p. 228:
"Fortescue is a terrible pest, lurking among the debris in the nets and all but invisible, its spines standing erect in readiness for the unwary finger. And so intense is the pain inflicted by a stab, that I have seen a strong man roll on the ground crying out like a madman."
1848. J. Gould, `Birds of Australia,' vol. ii. pl. 37:
"Pardalotus quadragintus, Gould, Forty-spotted pardalote. Forty-spot, Colonists of Van Diemen's Land."
1896. `The Australasian,' Aug. 28, p. 407, col. 5:
"`Lyre bird' is obvious; so, too, is `forty-spot'; only one wonders why the number 40 was pitched upon. Was it a guess? Or did the namer first shoot the bird and count?"
(1) To pick out gold.
1852. W. H. Hall, `Practical Experiences at the Diggings in Victoria,' p. 16:
"Or fossicking (picking out the nuggets from the interstices of the slate formation) with knives and trowels."
(2) To dig for gold on abandoned claims or in waste-heaps.
1865. F. H. Nixon, `Peter Perfume,' p. 59:
"They'll find it not quite so `welly good'As their fossicking freak at the Buckland."
1873. A.Trollope, `Australia and New Zealand,' c. xix. p. 286:
"Here we found about a dozen Chinamen `fossicking' after gold amidst the dirt of the river, which had already been washed by the first gold-seekers."
1880. G. Sutherland, `Tales of Goldfields,' p. 22:
"He commenced working along with several companions at surface digging and fossicking."
1894. `The Argus,' March 14, p. 4, col. 6:
"The easiest and simplest of all methods is `fossicking.' An old diggings is the place for this work, because there you will learn the kind of country, formation, and spots to look for gold when you want to break new ground. `Fossicking' means going over old workings, turning up boulders, and taking the clay from beneath them, exploring fissures in the rock, and scraping out the stuff with your table knife, using your pick to help matters. Pulling up of trees, and clearing all soil from the roots, scraping the bottoms of deserted holes, and generally keeping your eye about for little bits of ground left between workings by earlier miners who were in too great a hurry looking after the big fish to attend much to small fry."
(3) To search for gold generally, even by stealing.
1861. T. McCombie, `Australian Sketches,' p. 60:
"A number of idle and disorderly fellows had introduced a practice which was termed `fossicking.' . . . In the dead hours of midnight they issued forth, provided with wax tapers, and, entering upon the ground, stole the auriferous earth."
(4) To search about for anything, to rummage.
1870. S. Lemaitre, `Songs of Goldfields,' p. 14:
"He ran from the flat with an awful shoutWithout waiting to fossick the coffin lid out."
1890. `The Argus,' Aug. 2, p. 4, col. 3:
"Half the time was spent in fossicking for sticks."
1891. `The Argus,' Dec. 19, p. 4, col. 2:
"I was . . . a boy fossicking for birds' nests in the gullies."
1893. `The Australasian,' Jan. 14:
"The dog was fossicking about."
1853. C. Rudston Read, `What I heard, saw, and did at the Australian Gold Fields,' p. 150:
"The man was what they called a night fossicker, who slept, or did nothing during the day, and then went round at night to where he knew the claims to be rich, and stole the stuff by candle-light."
1861. T. McCombie, `Australian Sketches,' p. 87:
"I can at once recognize the experienced `fossickers,' who know well how to go to work with every chance in their favour."
1864. J. Rogers, `New Rush,' pt. ii. p. 32:
"Steady old fossickers often get moreThan the first who open'd the ground."
1869. R. Brough Smyth, `Goldfields of Victoria,' p. 612:
"A fossicker is to the miner as is the gleaner to the reaper; he picks the crevices and pockets of the rocks."
1891. `The Australasian,' Nov. 21, p. 1015:
"We had heard that, on this same field, years after its total abandonment, a two hundred ounce nugget had been found by a solitary fossicker in a pillar left in an old claim."
1891. `The Argus,' Dec. 19, p. 4, col. 2:
"The fossickers sluiced and cradled with wonderful cradles of their own building."
1884. Rolf Boldrewood, `Melbourne Memories,' c. xix. p. 134:
"Everything which he could have needed had he proceeded to free-select an uninhabited island."
1865. `Ararat Advertiser' [exact date lost]:
"He was told that the areas open for selection were not on the Geelong side, and one of the obliging officials placed a plan before him, showing the lands on which he was free to choose a future home. The selector looked vacantly at the map, but at length became attracted by a bright green allotment, which at once won his capricious fancy, indicating as it did such luxurious herbage; but, much to his disgust, he found that `the green lot' had already been selected. At length he fixed on a yellow section, and declared his intention of resting satisfied with the choice. The description and area of land chosen were called out, and he was requested t0 move further over and pay his money. `Pay?' queried the fuddled but startled bona fide, `I got no money (hic), old `un, thought it was free selection, you know.'"
1870. T. H. Braim, `New Homes,' ii. 87:
"A man can now go and make his free selection before survey of any quantity of land not less than 40 nor more than 320 acres, at twenty shillings an acre."
1878. `The Australian,' vol. i. p. 743:
"You may go to nine stations out of ten now without hearing any talk but `bullock and free-selection.'"
1880. G. Sutherland, `Tales of Goldfields,' p. 82:
"His intention . . . was to take up a small piece of land under the system of `free-selection.'"
1884. Rolf Boldrewood, `Melbourne Memories,' c. xx. p. 162:
"This was years before the free-selection discovery."
(2) Used for the land itself, but generally in the abbreviated form, Selection.
1887. R. M. Praed, `Longleat of Kooralbyn,' vol. vi, p. 56:
"I've only seen three females on my selection since I took it up four years last November."
1864. J. Rogers, `New Rush,' pt. i. p. 21:
"Free selectors we shall beWhen our journey's end we see."
1866. `Sydney Morning Herald,' Aug. 9:
"The very law which the free selector puts in force against the squatter, the squatter puts in force against him; he selected upon the squatter's run, and the squatter selects upon his grazing right."
1873. Ibid. p. 33:
"Men who select small portions of the Crown lands by means of land orders or by gradual purchase, and who become freeholders and then permanently wedded to the colony."
1873. A. Trollope, `Australia and New Zealand,' vol. i. p. 33:
"The condition of the free-selector—that of ownership of a piece of land to be tilled by the owner—is the one which the best class of immigrants desire."
1875. `Melbourne Spectator,' June 12, p. 70, col. 2:
"A public meeting of non-resident selectors has been held atRushworth."
1884. Marcus Clarke, `Memorial Volume,' p. 85:
"A burly free selector pitched his tent in my Home-Station paddock and turned my dam into a wash."
1890. Rolf Boldrewood, `Colonial Reformer,' c. xii. p. 116:
"No, no; I've kept free-selectors out all these years, and as long as I live here I'll do so still."
1893. J. Hotson, Lecture in `Age,' Nov.30, p. 7, col. 2:
"In the breeding of what are in New Zealand known as `freezers' there lies a ready means of largely increasing the returns from our land."
Friar-Bird—Philemon corniculatus, Lath. [Called alsoLeather-head, q.v.]
Helmeted F.—P. buceroides, Swains.
Little F.—P. sordidus, Gould.
Silvery-crowned F.—P. argenticeps, Gould.
Yellow-throated F.-P. citreogularis, Gould.
Western F.—P. occidentalis, Ramsay.
1798. D. Collins, `Account of English Colony in New South Wales,' p. 615 (Vocab.):
"Wirgan,—bird named by us the friar."
1827. Vigors and Horsfield, `Transactions of Linnaean Society,' vol. xv. p. 324:
"Friar,—a very common bird about Paramatta, called by the natives `coldong:' It repeats the words `poor soldier' and `four o'clock' very distinctly."
1845. `Voyage to Port Phillip,' p. 53:
"The cheerful sedge-wren and the bald-head friar,The merry forest-pie with joyous song."
1848. J. Gould, `Birds of Australia,' vol. iv. pl. 58:
"Tropidorhynchus Corniculatus, Vig. and Hors.
"From the fancied resemblance of its notes to those words, it has obtained from the Colonists the various names of `Poor Soldier,' `Pimlico,' `Four o'clock,' etc. Its bare head and neck have also suggested the names of `Friar Bird,' `Monk,' `Leather Head,' etc."
1855. W. Blandowski, `Transactions of the Philosophical Society of Victoria,' vol. i. p. 64:
"The Tropidorhynchus corniculatus is well known to the colonists by the names `poor soldier,' `leather-headed jackass,' `friar-bird,' etc. This curious bird, in common with several other varieties of honey-eaters, is remarkable on account of its extreme liveliness and the singular resemblance of its notes to the human voice."
1875, G. Bennett, `Proceedings of Royal Society of Tasmania,' p. 56:
"Notes on the Chlamydosaurus or frilled-lizard ofQueensland (C. Kingii.) "
Freckled Frogsmouth—Podargus phaloenoides, Gould.
Marbled F.—P. marmoratus, Gould.
Plumed F.—P. papuensis, Quoy and Gaim.
Tawney F.—P. strigoides, Lath.
1895. W. O. Legge, `Australasian Association for theAdvancement of Science' (Brisbane), p. 447:
"The term `Frogsmouth' is used in order to get rid of that very objectionable name Podargus, and as being allied to the other genera Batrachostomus and Otothrix of the family Steatorninae in India. It is a name well suited to the singular structure of the mouth, and presumably better than the mythical title of `Goatsucker.' `Night-hawk,' sometimes applied to the Caprimulginae, does not accord with the mode of flight of the genus Podargus."
1844. `Port Phillip Patriot,' July i8, p. 3, col. 7:
". . . has four miles frontage to the Yarra Yarra."
1890. Rolf Boldrewood, `Squatter's Dream,' c. iii. p. 29:
"Jack was piloted by Mr. Hawkesbury through the `frontage' and a considerable portion of the `back' regions of Gondaree."
1888. W. L. Buller, `Birds of New Zealand,' vol. ii. p. 51:
"The frost-fish . . . the most delicately flavoured of all New Zealand fishes, is an inhabitant of deep water, and on frosty nights, owing probably to its air-bladders becoming choked, it is cast up by the surf on the ocean-beach."
Allied Fruit-Pigeon—Ptilinopus assimilis, Gould.
Purple-breasted F.-P.—P. magnifica, Temm.
Purple-crowned F.-P.—P. superbus, Temm.
Red-crowned F.-P.—P. swainsonii, Gould.
Rose-crowned F.-P.—P. ewingii Gould.
White-headed F.-P.—Columba leucomela, Temm.
And in New Zealand to Carpophaga novae-zealandiae, Gmel.(Maori name, Kereru Kuku, or Kukupa.)
1857. Frederic De Brebant Cooper, `Wild Adventures in Australia,' p. 104:
". . . This person was an `old hand,' and got into some trouble on the other side (i.e. the Bathurst side) by using a `frying-pan brand.' He was stock-keeping in that quarter, and was rather given to `gulley-raking.' One fine day it appears he ran in three bullocks belonging to a neighbouring squatter, and clapt his brand on the top of the other so as to efface it."
(1) In Australia and Tasmania, to various species of Correa (q.v.), especially to Correa speciosa, And., N.O. Rutaceae.
(2) In Queensland, to Eremophila maculata, F. v. M., N.O. Myoporineae.
(3) In New Zealand, to Fuchsia excorticata, Linn., N.O. Onagrariae. (Maori name, Kotukutuktu, q.v.). See also Tooky-took and Konini.
1860. Geo. Bennett, `Gatherings of a Naturalist in Australasia,' pp. 371-2:
"The Correa virens, with its pretty pendulous blossoms (from which it has been named the `Native Fuchsia'), and the Scarlet Grevillea (G. coccinea) are gay amidst the bush flowers."
1880. Mrs.Meredith, `Tasmanian Friends and Foes,' p. 23:
"I see some pretty red correa and lilac."[Footnote]: "Correa speciosa—native fuchsia of Colonies."
1883. F. M. Bailey, `Synopsis of Queensland Flora,' p. 374:
"E. maculata. A . . . shrub called native fuchsia, and by some considered poisonous, by others a good fodder bush."
1889. J. H. Maiden, `Useful Native Plants,' p. 126:
"E. maculata. . . . Called `Native Fuchsia' in parts of Queensland."
1892. `Otago Witness,' Nov. 24, `Native Trees':
"A species of native fuchsia that is coming greatly into favour is called [Fuchsia] Procumbens. It is a lovely pot plant, with large pink fruit and upright flowers."
1890. Rolf Boldrewood, `Miner's Right,' c. xxiii. p. 213:
"She was `full up' of the Oxley, which was a rowdy, disagreeable goldfield as ever she was on."
1895. W.S. Roberts, `Southland in 1856,'p. 28:
"These stores were called by the Europeans futters,—but the Maori name was Whata."
1896. `Southland Daily News,' Feb. 3:
"`Futtah is familiar as `household words.' There were always rats in New Zealand—that is, since any traditions of its fauna existed. The original ones were good to eat. They were black and smooth in the hair as the mole of the Old Country, and were esteemed delicacies. They were always mischievous, but the Norway rat that came with the white man was worse. He began by killing and eating his aboriginal congener, and then made it more difficult than ever to keep anything eatable out of reach of his teeth. Human ingenuity, however, is superior to that of most of the lower animals, and so the `futtah' came to be—a storehouse on four posts, each of them so bevelled as to render it impossible for the cleverest rat to climb them. The same expedient is to-day in use on Stewart Island and the West Coast —in fact, wherever properly constructed buildings are not available for the storage of things eatable or destructible by the rodents in question."
1890. `The Argus,' Sept. 20, p. 13, col. 5:
"They can afford to screech and be merry, as also the grey, pink-crested galahs, which tint with the colours of the evening sky a spot of grass in the distance."
1890. Lyth, `Golden South,' c. xiv. p. 127:
"The galahs, with their delicate grey and rose-pink plumage, are the prettiest parrots."
1891. Francis Adams, `John Webb's End,' p. 191:
"A shrieking flock of galahs, on their final flight before they settled to roost, passed over and around him, and lifting up his head, he saw how all their grey feathers were flushed with the sunset light, their coloured breasts deepening into darkest ruby, they seemed like loosed spirits."
1866. Lady Barker, `Station Life in New Zealand,' p. 64:
"The gallows, a high wooden frame from which the carcases of the butchered sheep dangle."
1833. C. Sturt, `Southern Australia,' vol. i. Intro. p. xxxviii:
"Upon the branches the satin-bird, the gangan, and various kinds of pigeons were feeding."
1848. J. Gould, `Birds of Australia,' vol. v. pl. 14:
"Callocephalon Galeatum, Gang-gang Cockatoo, Colonists of New South Wales."
The Gannet—Sula serrator, Banks.
Brown G. (called also Booby)—S. leucogastra, Bodd.
Masked G.—S. cyanops, Sunder.
Red-legged G.—S. piscator, Linn.
The species in New Zealand is Dysporus serrator, Grey;Maori name, Takapu.
1847. L. Leichhardt, `Overland Expedition,' p. 288:
"Charley brought me . . . the head bones of a large guard-fish."
1849. Anon., `New South Wales: its Past, Present, and Future Condition,' p. 99:
"The best kinds of fish are guard, mullet, and schnapper."
1850. Clutterbuck, `Port Phillip,' c. iii. p. 44:
"In the bay are large quantities of guard-fish."
1875. `Spectator' (Melbourne), June I9, p. 81, col.1:
"Common fish, such as trout, ruffies, mullet, garfish."
1882. Rev. J. E. Tenison-Woods, `Fish of New South Wales,' p. 83:
"Of the garfishes we have four species known to be found on our coasts. One, Hemirhamphus regularis, is the favourite breakfast fish of the citizens of Sydney. H. melanochir, or `river garfish,' is a still better fish, but has become very scarce. H. argentcus, the common Brisbane species . . . and H. commersoni."
Gastrolobium bilobum, R. Br. G. callistachys, Meissn. G. calycium, Benth. G. obovatum, Benth. G. oxylobioides, Benth. G. spinosum, Benth. G. trilobum, Benth.
All of which are confined to Western Australia. The species Gastrolobium grandiflorum, F. v. M. (also called Wall-flower), is the only species found out of Western Australia, and extends across Central Australia to Queensland. All the species have pretty yellow and purple flowers. The name is from the Greek gastaer, gastros, the belly, and lobion, dim. of lobos, "the capsule or pod of leguminous plants." (`L. & S.')
1827. P. Cunningham, `Two Years in New South Wales,' vol. i. p. 221:
"The jibbong is another tasteless fruit, as well as the five corners, much relished by children."
1847. L. Leichhardt, `Overland Expedition, p. 478:
"We gathered and ate a great quantity of gibong (the ripe fruit of Persoonia falcata)."
1852. G. C. Mundy, `Our Antipodes,' c. vi,. p. 176, 3rd edition 1855:
"The geebung, a native plum, very woolly and tasteless."
1885. R. M. Praed, `Australian Life,' p. 113:
"We gathered the wild raspberries, and mingling them with geebongs and scrub berries, set forth a dessert."
1885. Rolf Boldrewood, `Robbery under Arms,' p. 255:
"You won't turn a five-corner into a quince, or a geebung into an orange."
1889. J. M. Maiden, `Useful Native Plants,' p. 584:
"A `geebung' (the name given to the fruits of Persoonias, and hence to the trees themselves)."
1895. W. O. Legge, `Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science' (Brisbane), p. 447:
"[The habits and habitats of the genus] Gerygone suggested the term Fly-eater, as distinguished from Fly-catcher, for this aberrant and peculiarly Australasian form of small Fly-catchers, which not only capture their food somewhat after the manner of Fly-catchers, but also seek for it arboreally."
1834. L. E. Threlkeld, `Australian Grammar,' p. x. [In a list of `barbarisms']:
"Gibber, a stone."
[Pace Mr. Threlkeld, the word is aboriginal, though not of the dialect of the Hunter District, of which he is speaking.]
1852. `Settlers and Convicts; or Recollections of Sixteen Years' Labour in the Australian Backwoods,' p. 159:
"Of a rainy night like this he did not object to stow himself by the fireside of any house he might be near, or under the `gibbers' (overhanging rocks) of the river. . . ."
1890. A .J. Vogan, `Black Police,' p. 338:
"He struck right on top of them gibbers (stones)."
1894. Baldwin Spencer, in `The Argus,' Sept. 1, p. 4, col. 2:
"At first and for more than a hundred miles [from Oodnadatta northwards], our track led across what is called the gibber country, where the plains are covered with a thin layer of stones—the gibbers—of various sizes, derived from the breaking down of a hard rock which forms the top of endless low, table-topped hills belonging to the desert sandstone formation."
1852. `Settlers and Convicts; or, Recollections of Sixteen Years' Labour in the Australian Backwoods,' p. 211:
"I coincided in his opinion that it would be best for us to camp for the night in one of the ghibber-gunyahs. These are the hollows under overhanging rocks."
1863. Rev. R. W. Vanderkiste, `Lost, but not for Ever,' p. 210:
"Our home is the gibber-gunyah,Where hill joins hill on high,Where the turrama and berramboLike sleeping serpents lie."
1891. R. Etheridge, jun., `Records of the Australian Museum,' vol. i. no. viii. p. 171:
"Notes on Rock Shelters or Gibba-gunyahs at Deewhy Lagoon."
(1) a species of Acacia, A. homalophylla, Cunn. The original meaning is probably small, cf. gidju, Warrego, Queensland, and kutyo, Adelaide, both meaning small.
(2) A long spear made, from this wood.
1878. `Catalogue of Objects of Ethno-typical Art in National Gallery, Melbourne,' p. 46:
"Gid-jee. Hardwood spear, with fragments of quartz set in gum on two sides and grass-tree stem. Total length, 7 feet 8 inches."
1885. R. M. Praed, `Australian Life,' p. 51:
"Gidya scrubs."
1889. J. H. Maiden, `Useful Native Plants,' p. 357:
"A. homalophylla. A `Spearwood.' Called `Myall' in Victoria. . . . Aboriginal names are . . . Gidya, Gidia, or Gidgee (with other spellings in New South Wales and Queensland). This is the commonest colonial name . . . much sought after for turner's work on account of its solidity and fragrance. . . . The smell of the tree when in flower is abominable, and just before rain almost unbearable."
1890. Rolf Boldrewood, `Colonial Reformer,' c. xvii. p. 211:
"I sat . . . watching the shadows of the gydya trees lengthen, ah! so slowly."
1890. C. Lumholtz, `Among Cannibals,' p. 37:
"Kind of scrub, called by the colonists gydya-scrub, which manifests itself even at a distance by a very characteristic, but not agreeable odour, being especially pungent after rain."
1896. Baldwin Spencer, `Home Expedition in Central Australia,' Narrative, p. 22:
"We camped beside a water-pool on the Adminga Creek, which is bordered for the main part by a belt of the stinking acacia, or giddea (A. homalophylla). When the branches are freshly cut it well deserves the former name, as they have a most objectionable smell."