FOOTNOTES:

'Koishikawa Ji-in: 600koku(income). The founder was Yurensha Ryōyō Shōnin, early in the Meitoku period (1390-1393). This Shōnin had between his eyebrows the figure of the moon on the third day. Later people called him Mikatsuki Shōnin. Native of Jōshū he was the son of the castle lord of Iwasé in Kujigōri, Shirayoshi Shima no Kami Yoshimitsu. Through prayer at the Iwasé Myōjin his mother became pregnant. He was born Riaku-Ō 4th year 1st month 24th day (11th February 1311). Later his father was killed in battle, and the mother took him to the Jōfukuji, at Sōjiyama. Putting him in charge of Shōjitsu Shōnin his head was shaved. At eight years old he was received at the Mikkyō (Shingon) Hōdon-In Yuzon. Taishū (secret cult) was learned through the teaching of Shingen Hōshi.The Zenshū was taught by the aged Tajima no Temmei and Gwatsuryū. Shintō by Jibu no Tayu Morosuké. In the poetry of Nippon he followed Tona, for ancient and modern example. He wrote ten books of importance. Noted for learning, in Eiwa 4th year (1378) he was transferred to Taitei-san Ōshō-in Nan-ryūbō in Shimotsuké no Kuni. Here he taught the seed of the Law. The son of Chiba Sadatané, Toku Sendai Maru, had a younger brother. It was he who founded the Zōjōji and became Yūyō Shōnin. Ryōyō Mikatsuki Shōnin died in Ōei 27th year 9th month 27th day (3rd November 1420). The San-en-zan Kwō-dō-in Zōjōji had to fief 10540koku. It is the chief seat of the Jōdō sect in the Kwantō, and its schools swarm with students.'

The large hanging bell of this Zōjōji (tsurigané) has the thickness of a foot. At the time it was the largest of all bells. In the temple record it says that the Shōnin of Shiba San-en-zan, generation following generation, were highly noted for learning. From Ryōyō Shōnin the predecessor the principles must have been inherited. Hence in the foolish talk of people the honoured name of the Shōnin was borrowed and adopted into the affair of Kikujō, as of the noted and erudite priest Mikatsuki Shōnin; no matter of offence."

But no such laboured explanation is required. The sanctity of learning, the inheritance in these bishops and priors of the merits of those who went before, has kept and keeps the appellation in the minds of the generations of the Nipponese. Ryōyō Shōnin, his merits and his nickname, passed in the public mind to his successors. It is the laboured and learned effort of these days which fastens on the prior of Dendzu-in the tales of the long past founder of the temple. It was the learned Oshō of the time of Tsunayoshi Kō, that fifth Shōgun—the Inu Kubo—basely devout and devoted to the Buddha's Law, when to save the life of a dog (inu) the lives of men were sacrificed on the execution ground.[36]The piety and learning of the great priest surely is needed to counterbalance the cruel folly of his master. Both qualities of this later cleric were the needed light in this period so dark for men. In which the wife, more faithful to tradition and the land, drove her dagger into the Shōgun's heart, and kept from his seat and succession the favoured person of his catamite.[37]To be sure the little lady, ofkugénotsamuraistock, daughter of the Kwampaku (Premier) Takatsukasa Fusasuké, of courage and truly noble stock, then used the dagger on herself; and has kept busy ever since the historians of Nippon, official and other kinds, in explanation of how "it didn't happen." This is but a tale of outside scribes, to explain the taking off between night and morning of a perfectly well man (or divinity)—not sanctified with official and Tokugawal benediction; and no wonder. The tale and the event was not one to brag of. And the lady died too—very shortly.

The eagerness to ascribe a local habitat to the story of the Sarayashiki has led to-day to some curious confusions, dovetailing into each other. To follow Hōgyūsha—in the far off quarter of Yanaka Sansaki, near the Negishi cut of the Northern Railway, is the Nonaka well. Despite its far removal thispoolis ascribed to O'Kiku, as the one time well of the Yoshida Goten. As fact—in Shōhō a harlot, by name Kashiwaki, ransomed by a guest here established herself. Death or desertion cut her off from the lover, and she turned nun. The place at that time was mere moorland, and the well near by the hut had the name of the Nonaka no Ido—the well amid the moor. In time the lady and her frailty disappeared, and the kindly villagers buried her close to the hut, scene of her penance.

"Vain the tranquil water mid the moor—mere surface;Gone, nought remains—of the reflection."

Her well? People call it now theyobi-ido, the calling well, a pool furnished by springs and some thirty feet in diameter. Now only a fewchō(hundred yards) to the north of Sansaki, at the Komizo no Hashi of Sakanoshita, is an old mound called the grave of O'Kiku. "Here a small seven faced monument has been erected. But this is not the O'Kiku of the Sarayashiki. This woman named Kiku died of an incurable disease. As her dying wish she asserted that any who suffered pain from incurable disease had but to pray to her to receive relief. With this vow she died." It is the connection between this Kiku and theyobi-idowhich has so transferred the well established site of this old story.

Thus comes to a finish these tales of the Edo Banchō, the story of the Sarayashiki with its cruel fate of the unhappy Kikujō, the Lady of the Plates. Long had the distressed figure of the wretched girl ceased its wailing over the never completed tale of the porcelain plates. But the memory of her misfortunes, of the ill-omened well of the Yoshida Goten has remained for centuries in the mind, and thought, and speech of Nippon. Up to the early years of Meiji the Kōjimachi-ido still existed, to be pointed out to the superstitious ever present in this land. The Banchō, for many decades of years, had become the crowded Banchō of the proverb which asserts that one born and living out life therein, yet could not be expected to know the windings and intricacies of its many ways and byways. In time theyashikiofhatamotodisappeared; in recent years to make way for a residential quarter of prosperous tradesmen, minor officials; nay, for bigger fish who swim in the troubled waters of court and politics. The old Kōjimachi village, with its bustling street and many shops, remains. True the old well has gone the way of the ruinedyashikiof Aoyama Shūzen, of the waste land (皿土) on which at one time both stood. But to this very day the tradition remains firm and clear. So much so that those who leave their homes, to fail of reappearance ever after, are spoken of as having met the fate of the unhappy victims of theKōjimachi-ido. To quote again the very ancient poem in assertion of the verity of its evil influence:

"Yoshida: to passers by the token;Long sleeves wave invitation."

Yokohama—21st September to14th November, 1916.

—Finis.—

To follow—The Hizakurige (Tōkaidō) of JippenshaIkku—in English.

FOOTNOTES:[1]Benincasa hispida (Brinkley).[2]Of about fifteen dollars in terms of present money.[3]Comments the scribe of Nippon (Matsubayashi Hakuen)—"This kind is not the animal known as fox. There are foxes in human shape which extort money. They dwell round about Yoshiwara and Shinagawa. These are found in the Shin-Yoshiwara. In Meiji 33rd year 8th month liberty was granted to give up their occupation. Blowing wide cast a fox fever, the brothels of the Yoshiwara displayed a magnificent confusion. In round terms Tokyo town was in an uncontrolled disorder. Among these human foxes there was a guild, and this was the source of the tumult."[4]Mizuno Jurōzaémon Shigemoto, son of Hiuga no Kami Katsunari. He was ordered to commitseppuku(cut belly) for the assassination of Bandzuin Chōbei: Kwanbun 4 year 3 month 27 day (22 April 1664).[5]Kokorozashi wa matsu no ha to moshimasu.[6]Second daughter of Hidétada; wife of the Prince of Echizen.[7]At the severest cold, clad in breech clout, or thinnest of white linen, the pilgrim after sunset makes his round of the temples for worship.[8]The Pluto of Indian (Yama), Chinese and Japanese (Emma) mythology. Dai-Ō (Great King). Cf. Eitel's "Chinese Buddhism," p. 207.[9]Other accounts say that these heroes used—pith bullets.[10]He was of great strength, and is said to have carried the Shōgun in his palanquin on his shoulders himself back to Edo in the flight from Suzume no Miya. With the approval of Iyemitsu he forced his way into the castle gate, thereby incurring official censure and banishment to an island—to Hitotsu no Jima, or the present Ishikawa Jima at the mouth of the Sumidagawa! The sentence was purely formal. His favour with Iyemitsu was very high owing to this Tsuritenjō (hanging ceiling) affair.[11]These stories were not likely to be published under a paternal Government; except in the mouths and tales of the people. Too many scandals have been "excerpted" from the official histories and records of Nippon to have a robust confidence in what is left. Thekōdanlecturers and writers make the Senhimégimi, eldest daughter of Hidétada, the heroine of the scandals emanating from the Yoshida Goten. History refers them to the Takata no Kata. But this lady left powerful issue. Not so the Senhimégimi (Princess Sen), in ways a splendid woman. Better known as the Tenju-in-Den she lies buried under a most imposing monument at the Dendzu-in in Tokyo. Tenju-in-Den lived to over eighty years; the Takata no Kata died, aged seventy-two years.[12]Itsuwari to omoi sutenaba ikani sen; Sue kakete chigiri mo aru wo afu yo sae; Iku sue to fuku chigiru makoto wo.(1)Hedatsu koro mono urami to zo omou.(2)[13]Burned down a few years ago: a fire disastrous to the temple records.[14]Dosanbashi is the site facing the castle and lying just north of the wide avenue facing the main entrance to Tōkyō station. It ran north to Kanda bridge. It formed part of the Daimyō-koji, which extended from Kandabashi to the Hibiyabashi and the Sukiyabashi at the south. Roughly speaking this Daimyō-koji was the district between the inner and outer moat and the bridges mentioned, now traversed by the elevated railway from Shimbashi to the Tōkyō station. The Dosan bridge crossed a wide canal which connected the inner and outer moats with the Sumida river. The street running from Gofukubashi to the castle moat covers the site of this canal, and the bridge itself was about where the spur of the elevated railway crosses the present highway (1916). The Embukasané inspired the famous tale of Enchō—the "Shinkasané-ga-fuchi"—and, like many Nipponese stories, is founded on actual occurrence.[15]Also called, Naomori, or Narimasa, or Nariyuki.[16]There was great opposition to the introduction ofKugé(court noble) influence into the Shōgun's household at this time. The same reasons of course did not apply to marriage of Tokugawa women into the Kyōto circle. The Shōgunal Court was to be ruled bysamuraicode and influence.[17]Marriages at that date were performed in daytime. Note in the original.[18]Ume ka ka wo sakura no hana ni motase tsutsu;Yanagi no eda ni sakashite zo min.[19]Momogawa Jōen:kōdanshidiffer in their treatment of such detail. Some emphasize it, after the manner of the chronicle; others do not.[20]TheDaikwanwas the chief representative of the feudal lord in the particular circumscribed district. His authority rarely passed beyond a few miles. Note the Daikwanzaka and the site of hisyashikiin Yokohama (Motomachi).[21]Momokawa Jōen.[22]Shukké, one who has left the world—turned priest—"Honoured Mr. Recluse."[23]The Nipponese "watches" covered two hours. Hence he had been aroused between 3-5a.m., not 5-7a.m.as expected.[24]Dentatsu—"Jimbei, mata 'fukeru' to itta na. Nan no kotta (kotoba) sono 'fukeru' to iu no wa."Jimbei—"Yai! Yai! Bōzu" etc. To the erudite is left closer approximation tofukeru(inkana). This story is told, following the details of Koganei Koshū ("Yui Shōsetsu"). Gion, equally known for itshetairai.[25]In the vernacular.[26]The first—Yamaguchi etc.—are place names, from Kyūshū to Ōshū; widely scattered. Otherwise—"Bloody Spear" (Chiyari), "Iron Chin," "Wolf," "Fox-heart," "Iron head," "Monkey hand."[27]He has played on the ideographs—極醉の宴 and 曲水の宴,kyoku-sui no en; the last meaning—"Winding water entertainment," cf. "Benkei" Vol. II. p. 195.[28]Theyorikiis hard to place—"commanding officer." He was not of the office, yet as of rank was chosen to lead these more dangerous and trying expeditions, or to act in more important arrests.[29]In the conspiracy of Shōsetsu such did exist, directed to the house of one of his followers, placed not far off in another street. [But recently such a tunnel was discovered under the garden of Baron Sakatani at Haramachi, Koishikawa, Tōkyō; believed to belong to the Hakusan Goten, and dating 250 years back. 20th May, 1917].[30]Brinkley's Dictionary gives it—Ichiju no kagé ni yadori, ichiga no nagare wo kumu mo, mina kore tashō no en narubeshi.[31]Shōhō 3rd year the New Year fell on 16th February (1646) of the modern calendar.[32]Rangiku ya: kitsuné ni no se yō kono sugata. Rangiku= Caryopteris mastachantus.[33]In Buddhist theology the seventh day is one of the important dates of thehotokés(deceased spirit) sojourn upon Earth.[34]Pradjna—"highest of the six pâramitâ, principal means of attaining Nirvana, knowledge of the illusory character of all existence." Eitel—p. 119.[35]The quotation and what follows is from Hōgyūsha Tōkō—"Banchō Sarayashiki." The exactness of these old temple registers in essential dates is worth noting.[36]Tsunayoshi 1646-1709. A vassal of Akita Danjō killed a swallow. He was executed; his children were executed; and he and his are but one case out of many.[37]Or son, by the more respectful account. Yanagizawa Yoshiyasu took the name of Matsudaira. His son Yoshishige, said really to be the son of Tsunayoshi by the wife of Yoshiyasu, was to be adopted by Echizen no Kami Tadanao, brother and heir to the Shōgun. Tadanao "removed," left the field open to the success (and succession) of the powerful premier. Yanagizawa astairō(premier) was an irregularity in itself.

[1]Benincasa hispida (Brinkley).

[2]Of about fifteen dollars in terms of present money.

[3]Comments the scribe of Nippon (Matsubayashi Hakuen)—"This kind is not the animal known as fox. There are foxes in human shape which extort money. They dwell round about Yoshiwara and Shinagawa. These are found in the Shin-Yoshiwara. In Meiji 33rd year 8th month liberty was granted to give up their occupation. Blowing wide cast a fox fever, the brothels of the Yoshiwara displayed a magnificent confusion. In round terms Tokyo town was in an uncontrolled disorder. Among these human foxes there was a guild, and this was the source of the tumult."

[4]Mizuno Jurōzaémon Shigemoto, son of Hiuga no Kami Katsunari. He was ordered to commitseppuku(cut belly) for the assassination of Bandzuin Chōbei: Kwanbun 4 year 3 month 27 day (22 April 1664).

[5]Kokorozashi wa matsu no ha to moshimasu.

[6]Second daughter of Hidétada; wife of the Prince of Echizen.

[7]At the severest cold, clad in breech clout, or thinnest of white linen, the pilgrim after sunset makes his round of the temples for worship.

[8]The Pluto of Indian (Yama), Chinese and Japanese (Emma) mythology. Dai-Ō (Great King). Cf. Eitel's "Chinese Buddhism," p. 207.

[9]Other accounts say that these heroes used—pith bullets.

[10]He was of great strength, and is said to have carried the Shōgun in his palanquin on his shoulders himself back to Edo in the flight from Suzume no Miya. With the approval of Iyemitsu he forced his way into the castle gate, thereby incurring official censure and banishment to an island—to Hitotsu no Jima, or the present Ishikawa Jima at the mouth of the Sumidagawa! The sentence was purely formal. His favour with Iyemitsu was very high owing to this Tsuritenjō (hanging ceiling) affair.

[11]These stories were not likely to be published under a paternal Government; except in the mouths and tales of the people. Too many scandals have been "excerpted" from the official histories and records of Nippon to have a robust confidence in what is left. Thekōdanlecturers and writers make the Senhimégimi, eldest daughter of Hidétada, the heroine of the scandals emanating from the Yoshida Goten. History refers them to the Takata no Kata. But this lady left powerful issue. Not so the Senhimégimi (Princess Sen), in ways a splendid woman. Better known as the Tenju-in-Den she lies buried under a most imposing monument at the Dendzu-in in Tokyo. Tenju-in-Den lived to over eighty years; the Takata no Kata died, aged seventy-two years.

[12]Itsuwari to omoi sutenaba ikani sen; Sue kakete chigiri mo aru wo afu yo sae; Iku sue to fuku chigiru makoto wo.(1)Hedatsu koro mono urami to zo omou.(2)

[13]Burned down a few years ago: a fire disastrous to the temple records.

[14]Dosanbashi is the site facing the castle and lying just north of the wide avenue facing the main entrance to Tōkyō station. It ran north to Kanda bridge. It formed part of the Daimyō-koji, which extended from Kandabashi to the Hibiyabashi and the Sukiyabashi at the south. Roughly speaking this Daimyō-koji was the district between the inner and outer moat and the bridges mentioned, now traversed by the elevated railway from Shimbashi to the Tōkyō station. The Dosan bridge crossed a wide canal which connected the inner and outer moats with the Sumida river. The street running from Gofukubashi to the castle moat covers the site of this canal, and the bridge itself was about where the spur of the elevated railway crosses the present highway (1916). The Embukasané inspired the famous tale of Enchō—the "Shinkasané-ga-fuchi"—and, like many Nipponese stories, is founded on actual occurrence.

[15]Also called, Naomori, or Narimasa, or Nariyuki.

[16]There was great opposition to the introduction ofKugé(court noble) influence into the Shōgun's household at this time. The same reasons of course did not apply to marriage of Tokugawa women into the Kyōto circle. The Shōgunal Court was to be ruled bysamuraicode and influence.

[17]Marriages at that date were performed in daytime. Note in the original.

[18]Ume ka ka wo sakura no hana ni motase tsutsu;Yanagi no eda ni sakashite zo min.

[18]

Ume ka ka wo sakura no hana ni motase tsutsu;Yanagi no eda ni sakashite zo min.

[19]Momogawa Jōen:kōdanshidiffer in their treatment of such detail. Some emphasize it, after the manner of the chronicle; others do not.

[20]TheDaikwanwas the chief representative of the feudal lord in the particular circumscribed district. His authority rarely passed beyond a few miles. Note the Daikwanzaka and the site of hisyashikiin Yokohama (Motomachi).

[21]Momokawa Jōen.

[22]Shukké, one who has left the world—turned priest—"Honoured Mr. Recluse."

[23]The Nipponese "watches" covered two hours. Hence he had been aroused between 3-5a.m., not 5-7a.m.as expected.

[24]Dentatsu—"Jimbei, mata 'fukeru' to itta na. Nan no kotta (kotoba) sono 'fukeru' to iu no wa."Jimbei—"Yai! Yai! Bōzu" etc. To the erudite is left closer approximation tofukeru(inkana). This story is told, following the details of Koganei Koshū ("Yui Shōsetsu"). Gion, equally known for itshetairai.

[25]In the vernacular.

[26]The first—Yamaguchi etc.—are place names, from Kyūshū to Ōshū; widely scattered. Otherwise—"Bloody Spear" (Chiyari), "Iron Chin," "Wolf," "Fox-heart," "Iron head," "Monkey hand."

[27]He has played on the ideographs—極醉の宴 and 曲水の宴,kyoku-sui no en; the last meaning—"Winding water entertainment," cf. "Benkei" Vol. II. p. 195.

[28]Theyorikiis hard to place—"commanding officer." He was not of the office, yet as of rank was chosen to lead these more dangerous and trying expeditions, or to act in more important arrests.

[29]In the conspiracy of Shōsetsu such did exist, directed to the house of one of his followers, placed not far off in another street. [But recently such a tunnel was discovered under the garden of Baron Sakatani at Haramachi, Koishikawa, Tōkyō; believed to belong to the Hakusan Goten, and dating 250 years back. 20th May, 1917].

[30]Brinkley's Dictionary gives it—Ichiju no kagé ni yadori, ichiga no nagare wo kumu mo, mina kore tashō no en narubeshi.

[31]Shōhō 3rd year the New Year fell on 16th February (1646) of the modern calendar.

[32]Rangiku ya: kitsuné ni no se yō kono sugata. Rangiku= Caryopteris mastachantus.

[33]In Buddhist theology the seventh day is one of the important dates of thehotokés(deceased spirit) sojourn upon Earth.

[34]Pradjna—"highest of the six pâramitâ, principal means of attaining Nirvana, knowledge of the illusory character of all existence." Eitel—p. 119.

[35]The quotation and what follows is from Hōgyūsha Tōkō—"Banchō Sarayashiki." The exactness of these old temple registers in essential dates is worth noting.

[36]Tsunayoshi 1646-1709. A vassal of Akita Danjō killed a swallow. He was executed; his children were executed; and he and his are but one case out of many.

[37]Or son, by the more respectful account. Yanagizawa Yoshiyasu took the name of Matsudaira. His son Yoshishige, said really to be the son of Tsunayoshi by the wife of Yoshiyasu, was to be adopted by Echizen no Kami Tadanao, brother and heir to the Shōgun. Tadanao "removed," left the field open to the success (and succession) of the powerful premier. Yanagizawa astairō(premier) was an irregularity in itself.

Typographical errors corrected in text:Pagev: The modern kanji character has been used for yeast (kōji)Page11: crysanthemum amended to chrysanthemumPage22: masterhand amended to master hand; rotten amended to rottedPage26: embarassment amended to embarrassmentPage29: on amended to anPage41: missing /s/ in gesture addedPage47: made amended to make; pallour amended to pallorPage51: villanious amended to villainousPage57: dependant amended to dependentPage59: state raft amended to statecraftPage63: circumambiant amended to circumambientPage69: spoken off amended to spoken ofPage73: milklivered amended to milk liveredPage95: gallopping amended to gallopingPage102: herhaps amended to perhapPage105et seq.: superintendant amended to superintendentPage132: preceded amended to proceededPage140: lead amended to ledPage143: Aoyoma amended to Aoyama; embarassment amended to embarrassmentPage147: exhilirating amended to exhilaratingPage169: astonishly amended to astonishinglyPage171: mits amended to mittsPage173: he amended to bePage175: quid amended to squidPage176: multidinous amended to multitudinousPage182: peel amended to pealPage192: exhuberant amended to exuberantPage212: condescenscion amended to condescension; effiminacy amended to effeminacyPage213: icely amended to icilyPage214: maccaroni amended to macaroniPage221: conferrence sic, meaning conferringPage227: squshing amended to squishingPage232: yashihi amended to yashiki; impertinance amended to impertinencePage239: Ototsan replaced with OtosanPage241: feint amended to faintPage252: maccaroni amended to macaroniPage254: maccaroni amended to macaroni; apellation amended to appellationPage260: apellation amended to appellationWhere two different spellings occur an equal number of times in the text, both spellings have been retained (Koshigeyatsu/Koshigayatsu; Surugadai/Suragadai).Where there is an equal number of instances of a word occurring as hyphenated and unhyphenated, the hyphens have been retained: Ban-gashira/Bangashira; fire-ward/fireward; go-kenin/gokenin; Kanda-bashi/Kandabashi; Mita-mura/Mitamura; new-comer/new comer; overlord/over-lord; raincoat/rain-coat; Tayasu-mura/Tayasumura; wheel-wright/wheelwright; yatsu-hōkōnin/yatsuhōkōnin.The Senhimégimi: Hyphenation and/or word separation, as well as italicisation, is varied. The variations of Sen himégimi, himégimi and Senhimé have been retained as they appear in the text.

Pagev: The modern kanji character has been used for yeast (kōji)

Page11: crysanthemum amended to chrysanthemum

Page22: masterhand amended to master hand; rotten amended to rotted

Page26: embarassment amended to embarrassment

Page29: on amended to an

Page41: missing /s/ in gesture added

Page47: made amended to make; pallour amended to pallor

Page51: villanious amended to villainous

Page57: dependant amended to dependent

Page59: state raft amended to statecraft

Page63: circumambiant amended to circumambient

Page69: spoken off amended to spoken of

Page73: milklivered amended to milk livered

Page95: gallopping amended to galloping

Page102: herhaps amended to perhap

Page105et seq.: superintendant amended to superintendent

Page132: preceded amended to proceeded

Page140: lead amended to led

Page143: Aoyoma amended to Aoyama; embarassment amended to embarrassment

Page147: exhilirating amended to exhilarating

Page169: astonishly amended to astonishingly

Page171: mits amended to mitts

Page173: he amended to be

Page175: quid amended to squid

Page176: multidinous amended to multitudinous

Page182: peel amended to peal

Page192: exhuberant amended to exuberant

Page212: condescenscion amended to condescension; effiminacy amended to effeminacy

Page213: icely amended to icily

Page214: maccaroni amended to macaroni

Page221: conferrence sic, meaning conferring

Page227: squshing amended to squishing

Page232: yashihi amended to yashiki; impertinance amended to impertinence

Page239: Ototsan replaced with Otosan

Page241: feint amended to faint

Page252: maccaroni amended to macaroni

Page254: maccaroni amended to macaroni; apellation amended to appellation

Page260: apellation amended to appellation

Where two different spellings occur an equal number of times in the text, both spellings have been retained (Koshigeyatsu/Koshigayatsu; Surugadai/Suragadai).

Where there is an equal number of instances of a word occurring as hyphenated and unhyphenated, the hyphens have been retained: Ban-gashira/Bangashira; fire-ward/fireward; go-kenin/gokenin; Kanda-bashi/Kandabashi; Mita-mura/Mitamura; new-comer/new comer; overlord/over-lord; raincoat/rain-coat; Tayasu-mura/Tayasumura; wheel-wright/wheelwright; yatsu-hōkōnin/yatsuhōkōnin.

The Senhimégimi: Hyphenation and/or word separation, as well as italicisation, is varied. The variations of Sen himégimi, himégimi and Senhimé have been retained as they appear in the text.

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