BRASS OF BISHOP WYVILLE.BRASS OF BISHOP WYVILLE(seeP. 66).ToList
BRASS OF BISHOP WYVILLE(seeP. 66).ToList
William Talbot(1715-1721) was of the house of Shrewsbury, and father of Lord Chancellor Talbot. He was translated to Durham in 1721.
Richard Willis(1721-1723) held the see for two years, when he was translated to Winchester.
Benjamin Hoadly, Bishop of Bangor 1716, Hereford1721, Sarum 1723. Owing to the controversy raised by one of his sermons, Convocation was suspended for 150 years.
Thomas Sherlock(1734-1748) was appointed to Bangor in 1727, translated to Salisbury in 1734, declined the Archbishopric of Canterbury in 1747, and was translated to London in 1748. In the most apathetic time of the Anglican Church he is a striking example of activity and earnestness.
John Gilbert(1749-1757) was a turbulent bishop whose record is full of disputes with the civic authorities at Salisbury.
John Thomas(1757-1761), Bishop of Peterborough 1746, and afterwards Bishop of Winchester, was married four times, and is reported to have said that he had killed three wives by never contradicting them.
Robert Hay Drummond(1761) was translated to the Archbishopric of York four months after his appointment to Salisbury. He preached at the coronation of George III.
John Thomas(1761-1766), elected Bishop of St. Asaph in 1743, but consecrated to Lincoln, was eighty years old when translated to Salisbury.
John Hume(1766-1782), Bishop of Bristol 1756, Bishop of Oxford and Dean of St. Paul's 1758.
Shute Barrington(1782-1791), translated to Durham. Excepting Bishop Wilson, his fifty-six years' tenure of office is the longest in the Anglican Church. He died in 1826.
John Douglas(1791-1807) was present as an army chaplain at the battle of Fontenoy, in which he very nearly took an active part, but was so laden with valuables left in his care by officers, that he was compelled to refrain and be content to remain a non-combatant, and remove his treasures to a safe place. As author of "The Criterion, or Rules by which True may be distinguished from Spurious Miracles," 1754, and many other books, he established for himself a sound literary reputation. Made Bishop of Carlisle in 1787, and translated to Salisbury in 1791; he was also Dean of Windsor from 1780 to his death, when he was buried in St. George's Chapel.
John Fisher(1807-1825). Exeter, 1803, Preceptor to Princess Charlotte.
Thomas Burgess(1825-1837). St. David's, 1803.
Edward Denison(1837-1854). Brother of a late Speaker of the House of Commons, Viscount Ossington.
Walter Kerr Hamilton(1854-1869). Author of a"Letter on Cathedral Reform," which followed his exhaustive contribution to the Cathedral Commission Reports, 1853.
George Moberley(1869-1885). Head Master of Winchester, 1835-1866.
John Wordsworth(1885).
[10]14th May, 1228.Vide"Hist. Dunelm. Script.," App. lii.
[10]14th May, 1228.Vide"Hist. Dunelm. Script.," App. lii.
[11]Others say Tarrant Monkton.
[11]Others say Tarrant Monkton.
[12]This statement is open to doubt.
[12]This statement is open to doubt.
TheKing's House, which faces the west front, on the western side of the Close, is a stately building, wherein, tradition says, monarchs have dwelt. Richard III. is said to have been housed there when the Duke of Buckingham was brought prisoner to Salisbury; and in the reign of James I. its owner, Sir Thomas Sadler, was often honoured by visits from that monarch. Underneath the great gateway which pierces the building, in the north wall, is the shaft of a "sack lift," a curious relic of mediæval times. The fine proportions and sturdy treatment of the architecture of this house deserve study. It is now used as a training establishment for school mistresses. Close by is the Deanery, and to the south a building known as theWardrobe House; which name is supposed to indicate its use in connection with the King's House; still farther south isLeden Hall(or Leyden Hall), hidden behind trees, so that from the Close you can but catch a glimpse of the building by Elias de Derham, to which reference has been made earlier in this book. In the other direction are theTheological College, a very lovely and spacious building, theChoristers' School, and many private houses of great antiquity and considerable beauty. Indeed, it is possible that at no other place could you find such a display of English domestic architecture, from mediæval to Georgian times. The beauty of the Close, well wooded as it still is, despite the havoc wrought by the terrible gale in March, 1897, is not to be put into words. No matter how praise were lavished in a description, it would yet be inadequate. But whether you see it for the first time, or after many visits, it still keeps its place as the most perfect thing of its sort in the world.
TheHigh Street Gate, which from its position may be regarded as the chief entrance to the Close, is an embattled structure of two stories, built, as the pieces of Norman stone work clearly show, from material brought from Old Sarum. In the niche above the arch on the south side is a figure, popularly supposed to represent Charles I., although its proportions more nearly resemble those of James I. It is said that a statue of Henry III. originally occupied the niche. To the left, as you have passed the gateway, stands the picturesqueMatron's Collegefounded and endowed by Bishop Seth Ward in 1685. Also on the left is a house formerly occupied by Canon Bowles, and still earlier by Archdeacon Cole, both Salisbury worthies with more than local reputation.
St. Ann's Gateis in the east wall of the Close, in the southern angle. It is a long, low two-storied building, with two light perpendicular windows in the upper story, and from the street outside, where a projecting window is a noticeable feature, is very picturesque. In common with the other gates and with the walls of the Close, Norman stones moulded and carved are visible in many places. A house near the south side was occupied by Fielding, who moved afterwards next door to the Friary in St. Ann's Street, and finally to another at Milford Hill, where he wrote "Tom Jones."
Harnham Gatenear the south boundary is but a fragment, an embattled archway devoid of an upper story. Near this gateway, just outside the precincts, stood the ancient college of De Vaux, founded in 1260 by Bishop Bridport.
The Bishop's Palaceis not visible from the Close, but can be seen through a doorway in the cloisters. It is set in the midst of delightful gardens, a rambling picturesque building dating from many periods. Bishop Poore began it—Bishop Beauchamp built its great hall; within its walls are portraits of all the bishops of Salisbury since the Restoration.
The Hospital of St. Nicholasis situated between Harnham Gate and Harnham Bridge. The charter of its endowment dates from the castle of Old Sarum in September, 1227. It still shelters a dozen inmates in a most picturesque house, part of the original structure. On an islet is a more modern building, which is on the foundation of the chapel of St. John, suppressed at the Reformation.
The Church House, as it is now called, was formerlyknown as Audley House, and belonged to the Earl of Castlehaven who was beheaded in 1631, and his property divided between the bishop and others. It is most picturesquely placed by Crane Bridge.
SOUTH FRONT. NORTH FRONT. HIGH STREET GATE.SOUTH FRONT. HIGH STREET GATE. NORTH FRONT.From Photographs by Carl Norman and Co.ToList
SOUTH FRONT. HIGH STREET GATE. NORTH FRONT.From Photographs by Carl Norman and Co.ToList
The Poultry Crossis still standing near the Market Place. At one time a sundial and ball crowned the structure, but these have been replaced by a cross. Close by it and scattered frequently throughout the streets of the city are overhanging houses that betray their antiquity at a glance.
THE CHURCH HOUSE.THE CHURCH HOUSE.From a Photograph by Witcomb and Son, Salisbury.ToList
THE CHURCH HOUSE.From a Photograph by Witcomb and Son, Salisbury.ToList
The Guildhall, a very interesting building as engravings show, was demolished at the end of the eighteenth century. The Joiners Hall, the Tailors Hall, the Hall of John Halle, the Old George, are still standing, with some of their features modified but not sufficiently altered to deprive them of interest.
The Church of St. Thomas à Becketis a most picturesque structure, and, placed as it is in a square of old tiled houses, makes a delightful picture. It consists of a nave with two aisles, a chancel with aisles, and a vestry room. It was built in 1240 by Bishop Bingham. The embattlemented tower has in its south front two niches containing much mutilatedfigures of the Virgin and Child and St. Thomas à Becket. In the porch is a very curious panel with a biblical subject rudely carved by Humphrey Beckham, who died, aged eighty-eight, in 1671, and left this as his memorial. The most striking feature of the interior is the large painting above the chancel arch, representing the Day of Judgment, in the naïve manner of itstime. A reproduction will be found in Hoare's "Modern Wiltshire" (vol. 6), and most works on ecclesiastical mural decoration mention it as one of the most important examples that have come down to us. Other paintings in the south aisle were brought to light by Mr. G.E. Street during the restoration in 1867. Without and within it is a building hardly less worth study than the cathedral itself.
THE POULTRY CROSS.THE POULTRY CROSS.From a Photograph by Carl Norman and Co.ToList
THE POULTRY CROSS.From a Photograph by Carl Norman and Co.ToList
St. Edmund, founded by Bishop de la Wyle in 1268 for a Provost and twelve secular canons, is at the north-east of the city. To the east of its churchyard is the college of St. Edmunds, on the site of the convent founded in 1268 by the same bishop. In the grounds of the college stands the old north transept porch of the cathedral, a picturesque ruin whose architecture at once disposes of the theory that it came from Old Sarum.
OLD PLAN OF SALISBURY.OLD PLAN OF SALISBURY.ToList
OLD PLAN OF SALISBURY.ToList
St. Martinis another church of very ancient foundation, containing an interesting Norman font.
It is impossible to close even the most brief note of objects of interest at, or near, Salisbury, without naming George Herbert's church, Bemerton, and Stonehenge; two places which attract pilgrims from all parts of the world. Yet no space is left to describe them, or to refer to Henry Lawes, musician, and Philip Massinger, dramatist, two of the many famous men who had the city for their birthplace. The cathedral has been the main object of this volume, and other matters, interesting though they may be, must needs be left untouched here.
PLAN OF SALISBURY CATHEDRAL.PLAN OF SALISBURY CATHEDRAL.ToList
PLAN OF SALISBURY CATHEDRAL.ToList