First of all an American,171.His gloomy pictures of Irish and Scotch conditions,172.Favorable view of American conditions taken by him as contrasted with foreign,171.Parliamentary corruption,174,206.Franklin's familiarity with American conditions,177.His foresight into the American future,178,191,193,204.Misconstruction produced by his fairness during colonial contest,178.His view of legal tie between England and the Colonies and Parliamentary supremacy,178.An imperialist,182,191.Favored representation of Colonies in Parliament, but realized its impracticability,184,187.General position taken by Franklin in colonial contest,185.His relations to the Stamp Act,187,194,206,230.English haughtiness towards, and ignorance of, Colonies,188.Misrepresentations by Colonial Governors,189.Economic restrictions on Colonies,190.Views in regard to the taxation of the Colonies,192.And in regard to English emigration,192.Influence exerted by Franklin as colonial agent,194.Impartiality of Franklin during colonial contest,196.Summary of argument addressed by him to the British and American Public,196.His advice to the Colonies,201.His final sense of certainty of armed conflict,205.Comments on tea duty,207.Refusal to recognize Franklin as agent,207,211.His comments on rejection of Chatham's plan,208.Draws up angry protest,209.Lord Sandwich attacks him as enemy of England,210.Franklin's relations to Hillsborough,211.His opinion of Lord Dartmouth,216.Wedderburn's tirade against Franklin,222.Efforts of Franklin after dismissal from office to avert war,229.He leaves England,231.His reputation at this time very high,231.Elected to Congress,232.His services in Congress,232,235,241.Made member of committee to visit Washington's camp,234.Early stand in favor of independence,235.Interviews French stranger,235.Made member of committee of secret correspondence with foreign friends of America,236.His mission to Canada,237.His relations to the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation,241.Devises seal,242.Offers lure to Hessians,242.Meets Lord Howe,242.Other services by Franklin at beginning of Revolution,246.His political hobbies,249(note).Goes to France,249.Receives news of Burgoyne's surrender,250.Peculiar fitness of Franklin for French mission,251.Unfitness of his colleagues,252.Rubs between John Adams and Vergennes,252.Vergennes' opinion of John Adams,253.Comments on John Adams by Franklin,253.Jefferson's opinion of John Adams,254(note).Vergennes' strictures on Arthur Lee and Izard,255,255(note).Vergennes' opinion of Franklin,255.Judgments on Arthur Lee,255(note).Jay's dislike of the French,256.John Laurens comes to Paris,256.Deane's efficiency,257(note).Inutility of Franklin's colleagues,257,273.Testimony of John Adams as to tempers of Arthur Lee and Izard,258(note).Adams' vanity,258(note).A young state should be like a young virgin, thought Franklin,259(note).Franklin not to blame for enmity of his colleagues,259.Causes of Lee's enmity to Franklin purely selfish,260.Arthur Lee's character,262.Jealousy of Franklin felt by Arthur Lee and Adams,263,263(note).Rebukes from Franklin to Arthur Lee,264.Disputatious and artful natures of Arthur and William Lee,265.Trunk entrusted to Franklin by William Lee,266.Franklin's opinion of Arthur Lee,267.His opinion of William Lee,269.Treacherous conduct of William Lee and Izard,270.Relations of Franklin to Izard,271.Izard's passionate temper,272,272(note).Enmity of colleagues ascribed by Franklin to envy,274.Franklin's first French friends,274.Franklin's fame when in France,274.His academic degrees,274,274(note).Special causes underlying fame of Franklin in France,275,276(note),280.Comments of Count Ségur on the American envoys,276(note).John Adams' testimony to fame of Franklin,278.Meeting between Voltaire and Franklin,278.Apotheosis of Voltaire,279.Franklin's opinion of Vergennes,280.Jefferson on Franklin in France,281.History of pecuniary aids obtained by Franklin from France,281.His remark about the Mississippi,285.His relations to bills of exchange,295.To dispatches,295.Duty devolved on him of purchasing supplies and fitting out ships,296.This duty disagreeable to him,296.Was also a Judge in Admiralty,297.Success of American privateers,297.Franklin advises attacks on English cities,298.His relations to John Paul Jones,299.His efforts for the release of American prisoners,300.Rascality of Thomas Digges,303.Services by Thomas Wren to American prisoners,304.Pressure on Franklin for place in American army,304.Applications of Messrs. Lith and Pellion,307.Inquiries about America made of Franklin,308.Beset by beggars,308.Intense feelings aroused in Franklin by war,309.Hutton's mission to France,309.Pulteney's mission,310.Mission of Hartley and Hammond,311.Weissenstein's mission,311.Sir William Jones' mission,313.Audit of Franklin's accounts,315(note).Adams' accusation of subserviency to the French against Franklin,316.Vergennes' persistency of character,317(note).Comment of D'Aranda on M. de Maurepas and Vergennes,317(note).Franklin justified in opposing signing of preliminary treaty of peace without consent of Vergennes,319.Franklin's efforts to acquire Canada,321.Final treaty of peace signed,329.Franklin resigns,329.Returns to Pennsylvania and is further honored,329.Elected a member of Federal Convention of 1787,329.Jefferson's estimate of Franklin as a man,330(note).Part taken by Franklin in the Convention of 1787,330.Reaction in his liberalism,331(note).Franklin and paper currency,336.Franklin and free trade,342.Franklin and export duties,345.Franklin and pauperism,345.Franklin and agriculture,346.Franklin and the criminal laws,347.Franklin and imprisonment for debt,348.Franklin and slavery348.As a Man of ScienceIndifference to his inventions, i., 15.Early interest of Franklin in science, ii.,350,352.Essentially a man of science,351.His three essays written at sea,351.Relations of Franklin to electricity,352.Qualifications of Franklin for scientific inquiry,379.Franklin's interest in balloons,384.Franklin's study of marsh gas and effect of oil on water,390.Franklin's inquiry into the effect of depth of water on speed and navigation,394.His interest in the Gulf Stream,395.Franklin and pulse glasses,396.Inventions of Franklin,396.Franklin and magic squares,397.Franklin's alphabet and reform spelling,398.Franklin and the armonica,400.The Franklin stove,401,404.Chimney, place improvements by Franklin,403.Franklin and smoky chimneys,404.Franklin and ventilation,405.Distraction to which Franklin was subject in the pursuit of science,406.Cruder reflections of Franklin on scientific subjects407.Franklin's relations to medicine,407.Franklin and the dry bellyache,408.Franklin's ideas about colds,410.Franklin lectures John Adams on open windows,414.Franklin and waterspouts, whirlwinds and northeast storms,415.Franklin on light,416.Loose Thoughts on a Universal Fluid,417.Franklin on the conservation of matter,417.Franklin and the mastodon,417.Letter from Franklin to Gébelin on language variations,418.Franklin and astronomy,419.Franklin and refrigeration,419.Franklin and geology,420.Franklin and the physical convulsions of the earth,421.As a WriterLost letters, i., 5.Way to Wealth known to whole civilized globe, 13.Franklin first American man of letters in the opinion of Hume, ii.,423.Franklin an author for practical purposes only,423.Indifference to his own writings,424.Franklin foresaw increased patronage of English authors,425.Manner in which he was educated,425.His early love of books,426.His ballads,427.His controversy with Collins,428.Means adopted by him to improve himself as a writer,428.Silence Dogood letters,429.Meets Governor Burnet,434.Forms acquaintance with Ralph and other lovers of reading in Philadelphia,434.Love of books,434.Franklin's scruples about niceties of authorship and printing,435.Criticism of Hume on his use of words,439.Franklin's conception of good writing,440.Advice to Benjamin Vaughn as to writing,440.General character of Franklin's writings,441.His fable of the eagle and the hare,443.Canada pamphlet,439,444.Papers written by Franklin on the Colonial controversy before his return from his second mission to England,446.Effect of the Edict by the King of Prussia and its companion satire,447.Letters to the Public Advertiser,449.Dialogue between Rodrigue and Fell, the apothecary,449.Copper plate engraving designed by Franklin,450.Papers written by Franklin in France to promote the American Cause,451.His dialogue between Britain and other countries,452.Graver latter-day writings by Franklin,454.His papers on how to grow rich,455.Parable against Persecution,456.Parable on Brotherly Love,456.Papers contributed by Franklin to the Busybody and the Pennsylvania Gazette,457.Speech of Polly Baker,467.Means of Disposing the Enemy to Peace,468.Craven Street Gazette,468.Petition of the Letter Z,471.Sale of the Hessians,472.Supplement to the Boston Independent Chronicle,472,474.The Ephemera,472,476.The Whistle,472,478.His petite chanson à boire,472,479.His letter to the Abbé Morellet on wine,472,480.Dialogue between Franklin and the Gout,472,481.Handsome and Deformed Leg,472,484.Economical Project,472,485.A Letter from China,487.Abuse of the Press,488.Comparison of the Conduct of the Ancient Jews and of the Anti-Federalists,489.Account of the Supremest Court of Judicature in Pennsylvania,489.Speech of Sidi Mehemet Ibrahim against the Erika,489.Petition of the Left Hand,490.Morals of Chess,491.Franklin's letters,492.His letter on the Cincinnati,494.General observations on the history and contents of the Autobiography,499.General observations on Poor Richard's Almanac,503.The Way to Wealth, or Father Abraham's Speech,517Franklin, Benjamin (Franklin's uncle), i., 60, 82, 275, 276, 277, 289, 304Franklin College, Pa., i., 15Franklin, Deborah, i., 52, 70, 88, 99, 103, 205, 211, 218, 224 (note), 290, 303, 306, 307, 314, 336, 346, 367, 372, 373, 423, 449, 489;ii.,23,45,70,79,93,470(note)Franklin, Francis Folger, i., 70, 240Franklin in France, by the Hales, ii.,6(note)Franklin, James, i., 83, 199, 279, 301; ii.,29,30,41,426,427Franklin, James, Jr., i., 199, 278, 279Franklin, John (Franklin's brother), i., 53, 94, 274, 278, 279, 296Franklin, John (Franklin's uncle), i., 274, 277Franklin, Josiah (Franklin's father), i., 60, 78, 82, 85, 158, 159, 200, 266, 267, 268, 270, 274, 304, 307;ii.,28,41,428Franklin, Josiah, Jr., i., 158, 276, 279Franklin, Peter, i., 279, 280 (note);ii.,83Franklin, Sally (daughter of Thomas Franklin, of Lutterworth), i., 277, 306;ii.,469Franklin, Samuel (Franklin's brother), i., 280, 301Franklin, Samuel (son of Franklin's Uncle Benjamin), ii.,29Franklin, Samuel (grandson of Franklin's Uncle Benjamin), i., 275, 277Franklin, Thomas (Franklin's uncle), i., 38, 275, 303, 305Franklin, Thomas (Franklin's grandfather), i., 275Franklin, Thomas (of Lutterworth), i., 277, 306Franklin, William, i., 26, 36, 44, 48, 134, 173, 178, 216, 218, 236, 238, 241, 262, 264, 264 (note), 273, 295, 305, 337, 348, 375, 379, 393, 453, 474, 476;ii.,82,83,98,104(note),134,166,175,177,178,181,185,207,338(note),436,448,483(note)Franklin, Mrs. William, i., 40, 255, 264 (note)Franklin, William Temple, i., 44, 92, 93, 174 (note), 261, 264 (note), 372, 388, 390, 453, 482, 497, 530, 539;ii.,24,224,247,255,295,306French, Col. ii.,40,43GGalloway, Joseph, i., 5, 253, 343, 347;ii.,100,128,129,135,136,174,175,176,201,206,210,339Gantt, Edward, i., 65Garden, Dr. Alexander, i., 315Gates, Gen. Horatio, i., 470Gazetteer, Letter to, ii.,202Gébelin, Antoine Court de, ii.,418General Magazine and Historical Chronicle for all the British Plantations in America, ii.,74George III, i., 418, 419, 453, 455, 457;ii.,99,165Gladstone, Wm. E., ii.,168,204Godfrey, Mrs., i., 208Godfrey, Thomas, i., 118, 326, 327;ii,.59Grace, Robert, i., 15, 118, 301, 326;ii.,64,64(note),66Grafton, Duke of, ii.,169,227(note)Grand, Ferdinand, i., 513, 530, 532;ii.,85Granville, Lord, i., 448;ii.,118Greene, Gen. Nathanael, ii.,232Grenville, George, ii.,140,190,338,339(note)HHall, David, i., 133, 244, 350;ii.,4(note),77,79,167Hamilton, Andrew, ii.,43,45,63,67Hamilton, Gov. James, ii.,107,109,110,141,145Hancock, John, ii.,2,312Handsome and Deformed Leg, ii.,472,484Harris, Anne, i., 282, 301Harris, Grace, i., 283Harry, David, ii.,54,69Hartley, David, i., 57, 108, 153, 447, 456, 542 (note), 543;ii.,301,302,311Hawkesworth, Dr. John, i., 57, 380, 437;ii.,394Helvétius, M., i., 489Helvétius, Madame, i., 487, 518, 529, 540;ii.,481,483Hemphill, Rev. Mr., i., 69Herschel, Sir William, ii.,419Hewson, Elizabeth, i., 262, 387, 390Hewson, Mary (Polly Stevenson), i., 19, 35, 56, 107, 133, 224 (note), 243, 261, 262, 372, 373, 374, 471;ii.,165,167,399,412,469,499Hewson, Dr. William, i., 19, 384, 385;ii.,469Hewson, William (Franklin's godson), i., 239, 388, 390Hints for Those that would be Rich, ii.,455Historical Review of the Constitution and Government of Pennsylvania from its Origin, i., 39 (note)Hodgson, William, ii.,303Holker, Jean, i., 542 (note)Holker, Mrs. Jean, i., 542 (note)Holmes, Abdiel, ii.,24Holmes, Mary, i., 282Holmes, Capt. Robert, i., 282;ii.,39,53Hopkinson, Francis, i., 246, 338, 339, 341;ii.,277Hopkinson, Thomas, i., 339;ii.,379Howe, Lord, i., 154, 423;ii.,184,230,242,424Hubbard (or Partridge), Elizabeth, i., 20, 43 (note), 53, 64, 265, 355, 477;ii.,9Huey, Joseph, i., 79, 153Hughes, John, i., 217, 222, 336;ii.,25,155,167Hume, David, i., 466, 467;ii.,423,425Hunter, William, i., 542 (note);ii.,80,81Huntingdon, Samuel, i., 47;ii.,287,317Hutchinson Letters, Tract Relative to the Affair of, ii.,183,207,217,446Hutchinson, Gov. Thomas, ii.,142,195,217,226Hutton, James, i., 447, 453IIdea of the English School Sketched out for the Consideration of the Trustees of the Philadelphia Academy, i., 138Increase of Mankind, Essay on, ii.,191,193,348,424Ingenhousz, Jan, i., 5, 45 (note), 263, 334, 345, 418, 419, 421, 472, 532, 541;ii.,138,374,379,388,389,406,415Ingersoll, Jared, i., 95, 356, 364Interest of Great Britain Considered with Regard to her Colonies, etc., ii.,444Internal State of America, The, ii., 347, 454Izard, Ralph, ii.,221,250,255(note),256,258(note),268,270,271,274JJackson, Richard, i., 147, 361, 470;