[47]These were, 1. Kneeling at the communion. 2. Private communion. 3. Private baptism. 4. Observation of holydays. 5. Confirmation of children.
[47]These were, 1. Kneeling at the communion. 2. Private communion. 3. Private baptism. 4. Observation of holydays. 5. Confirmation of children.
[48]See them in Calderwood's history, page 708.
[48]See them in Calderwood's history, page 708.
[49]Vide Mr. Welch's dispute with Gilbert Brown the papist, in preface.
[49]Vide Mr. Welch's dispute with Gilbert Brown the papist, in preface.
[50]The first was called Dr. Welch, a doctor of medicine, who was unhappily killed, upon an innocent mistake in the Low Countries.Another son he had most lamentably lost at sea, for when the ship in which he was, was sunk, he swam to a rock in the sea, but starved there for want of necessary food and refreshment, and when sometime afterward his body was found upon the rock, they found him dead in a praying posture upon his bended knees, with his hands stretched out, and this was all the satisfaction his friends and the world had upon his lamentable death.Another he had who was heir to his father's graces and blessings, and this was Mr. Josias Welch minister at Temple patrick in the north of Ireland, commonly called the Cock of the conscience by the people of that country, because of his extraordinary awakening and rouzing gift: He was one of that blest society of ministers, which wrought that unparallelled work in the north of Ireland, about the year 1636 but was himself a man most sadly exercised with doubts about his own salvation all his time, and would ordinarily say, That minister was much to be pitied, who was called to comfort weak saints, and had no comfort himself. He died in his youth, and left for his successor, Mr. John Welch minister in Irongray in Galloway, the place of his grandfather's nativity. What business this made in Scotland, in the time of the late episcopal persecution, for the space of twenty years, is known to all Scotland. He maintained his dangerous post of preaching the gospel upon the mountains of Scotland notwithstanding of the threatenings of the state, the hatred of the bishops, the price set upon his head, and all the fierce industry of his cruel enemies. It is well known that bloody Claverhouse upon secret information from his spies, that Mr. John Welch was to be found in some lurking place at forty miles distance, would make all that long journey in one winter's night, that he might catch him, but when he came he missed always his prey. I never heard of a man that endured more toil, adventured upon more, or escaped to much hazard, not in the world. He used to tell his friends who counselled him to be more cautious, and not to hazard himself so much, That he firmly believed dangerous undertakings would be his security, and that whenever he should give over that course and retire himself, his ministry should come to an end; which accordingly came to pass, for when, after the battle of Bothwel bridge, he retired to London, the Lord called him by death, and there he was honourably interred, not far from the king's palace.
[50]The first was called Dr. Welch, a doctor of medicine, who was unhappily killed, upon an innocent mistake in the Low Countries.
Another son he had most lamentably lost at sea, for when the ship in which he was, was sunk, he swam to a rock in the sea, but starved there for want of necessary food and refreshment, and when sometime afterward his body was found upon the rock, they found him dead in a praying posture upon his bended knees, with his hands stretched out, and this was all the satisfaction his friends and the world had upon his lamentable death.
Another he had who was heir to his father's graces and blessings, and this was Mr. Josias Welch minister at Temple patrick in the north of Ireland, commonly called the Cock of the conscience by the people of that country, because of his extraordinary awakening and rouzing gift: He was one of that blest society of ministers, which wrought that unparallelled work in the north of Ireland, about the year 1636 but was himself a man most sadly exercised with doubts about his own salvation all his time, and would ordinarily say, That minister was much to be pitied, who was called to comfort weak saints, and had no comfort himself. He died in his youth, and left for his successor, Mr. John Welch minister in Irongray in Galloway, the place of his grandfather's nativity. What business this made in Scotland, in the time of the late episcopal persecution, for the space of twenty years, is known to all Scotland. He maintained his dangerous post of preaching the gospel upon the mountains of Scotland notwithstanding of the threatenings of the state, the hatred of the bishops, the price set upon his head, and all the fierce industry of his cruel enemies. It is well known that bloody Claverhouse upon secret information from his spies, that Mr. John Welch was to be found in some lurking place at forty miles distance, would make all that long journey in one winter's night, that he might catch him, but when he came he missed always his prey. I never heard of a man that endured more toil, adventured upon more, or escaped to much hazard, not in the world. He used to tell his friends who counselled him to be more cautious, and not to hazard himself so much, That he firmly believed dangerous undertakings would be his security, and that whenever he should give over that course and retire himself, his ministry should come to an end; which accordingly came to pass, for when, after the battle of Bothwel bridge, he retired to London, the Lord called him by death, and there he was honourably interred, not far from the king's palace.
[51]With Mr. Welch other five godly ministers was banished for the same cause, viz. John Forbes, who went to Middleburgh, to the English staple there, Robert Dury, who went to Holland, and was minister to the Scots congregation in Lyden, John Sharp, who became minister and professor of divinity at Die in the Delphinate, where he wrote Carlus Theologeous, &c. and Andrew Duncan and Alexander Strachan, who in about a year got liberty to return into their former places. Calderwood's history, page ult.
[51]With Mr. Welch other five godly ministers was banished for the same cause, viz. John Forbes, who went to Middleburgh, to the English staple there, Robert Dury, who went to Holland, and was minister to the Scots congregation in Lyden, John Sharp, who became minister and professor of divinity at Die in the Delphinate, where he wrote Carlus Theologeous, &c. and Andrew Duncan and Alexander Strachan, who in about a year got liberty to return into their former places. Calderwood's history, page ult.
[52]Fulfilling of the scripture, part 1st, page 450.
[52]Fulfilling of the scripture, part 1st, page 450.
[53]This was the famous Leighton doctor of divinity in the two universities of St. Andrews and Leyden, who, for writing of Zion's plea against prelacy, was apprehended at London by two ruffians, and brought before arch bishop Laud, who sentenced him (besides a fine of 10,000 pounds) to be tied to a stake, and receive thirty-six stripes with a triple cord, and then to stand two hours in the pillory (which he did in a cold winter night), and then to have his ear cut, his face fired and his nose slit; and the same to be repeated that day seven night, and his other ear cut off, with the slitting of the other side of his nose and burning his other cheek; all which was done with the utmost rigour, and then he was sent prisoner to the fleet, where he continued, till upon a petition to the parliament in 1640, he was released, and got for his reparation a vote of 6000 pounds, which it is said was never paid, and made warden of that prison wherein he had been so long confined, but through infirmity and bad treatment he did not long survive, being then seventy two years of age. See this more at length in Stevenson's history, vol. 30, page 948.
[53]This was the famous Leighton doctor of divinity in the two universities of St. Andrews and Leyden, who, for writing of Zion's plea against prelacy, was apprehended at London by two ruffians, and brought before arch bishop Laud, who sentenced him (besides a fine of 10,000 pounds) to be tied to a stake, and receive thirty-six stripes with a triple cord, and then to stand two hours in the pillory (which he did in a cold winter night), and then to have his ear cut, his face fired and his nose slit; and the same to be repeated that day seven night, and his other ear cut off, with the slitting of the other side of his nose and burning his other cheek; all which was done with the utmost rigour, and then he was sent prisoner to the fleet, where he continued, till upon a petition to the parliament in 1640, he was released, and got for his reparation a vote of 6000 pounds, which it is said was never paid, and made warden of that prison wherein he had been so long confined, but through infirmity and bad treatment he did not long survive, being then seventy two years of age. See this more at length in Stevenson's history, vol. 30, page 948.
[54]Livingston's memorable characters, page 74.
[54]Livingston's memorable characters, page 74.
[55]By the calculation of Mr. Livingston's account he behoved to be only 75 years of age; but Mr Calderwood makes him 77; and says he had an honourable burial, being accompanied with four or five thousand people to the grave. Vide his history, page 818.
[55]By the calculation of Mr. Livingston's account he behoved to be only 75 years of age; but Mr Calderwood makes him 77; and says he had an honourable burial, being accompanied with four or five thousand people to the grave. Vide his history, page 818.
[56]Mr. Blair says, that he told him, that for three years he durst not say, my God, and that his conscience smote him for the same.—Blair's memoirs, page 39.
[56]Mr. Blair says, that he told him, that for three years he durst not say, my God, and that his conscience smote him for the same.—Blair's memoirs, page 39.
[57]About this time the king created one marquis, ten earls, two viscounts and eight lords, and while he was in Scotland he dubbed fifty-four knights on different occasions. See Crawford's peerage,&c.
[57]About this time the king created one marquis, ten earls, two viscounts and eight lords, and while he was in Scotland he dubbed fifty-four knights on different occasions. See Crawford's peerage,&c.
[58]This minister is supposed to have been Mr. Rutherford, who was by some said to be the author of that pamphlet, intitled, The last and heavenly speech,&c.of John Viscount of Kenmuir.
[58]This minister is supposed to have been Mr. Rutherford, who was by some said to be the author of that pamphlet, intitled, The last and heavenly speech,&c.of John Viscount of Kenmuir.
[59]It would appear from the date of the last of Mr. Rutherford's letters to this noble lady, that she lived till or a little after the restoration.
[59]It would appear from the date of the last of Mr. Rutherford's letters to this noble lady, that she lived till or a little after the restoration.
[60]Mr. Livingston in his memorable Characteristicks, last edition.
[60]Mr. Livingston in his memorable Characteristicks, last edition.
[61]See Stevenson's history of church and state, vol. II. page 234.
[61]See Stevenson's history of church and state, vol. II. page 234.
[62]Bailey's letters, &c. page 587.
[62]Bailey's letters, &c. page 587.
[63]See these articles in the history of church and state, vol. II. p. 745. and the civil wars of Great Britain, p. 20, &c.
[63]See these articles in the history of church and state, vol. II. p. 745. and the civil wars of Great Britain, p. 20, &c.
[64]At that time the assembly sat in king Henry VIII's chapel, and when the weather grew cooler, in Jerusalem chamber, a spacious room in Westminster abbey. The prolocutor, Dr. Twisse, had a chair set at the upper hand, a foot higher than the earth; before it stood two chairs for Dr. Burgess and Mr. White assessors: before these stood a table where Mr. Byfield and Mr. Roborough, the two scribes sat; upon the prolocutor's right hand sat the Scots commissioners; on the left hand the English divines to the number of about 118, whereof about two thirds only attended close. They met every day of the week, except Saturday, six or seven hours at a time, and began and ended with prayer.
[64]At that time the assembly sat in king Henry VIII's chapel, and when the weather grew cooler, in Jerusalem chamber, a spacious room in Westminster abbey. The prolocutor, Dr. Twisse, had a chair set at the upper hand, a foot higher than the earth; before it stood two chairs for Dr. Burgess and Mr. White assessors: before these stood a table where Mr. Byfield and Mr. Roborough, the two scribes sat; upon the prolocutor's right hand sat the Scots commissioners; on the left hand the English divines to the number of about 118, whereof about two thirds only attended close. They met every day of the week, except Saturday, six or seven hours at a time, and began and ended with prayer.
[65]Such as the author of the appendix to Spotswood's history, and others.
[65]Such as the author of the appendix to Spotswood's history, and others.
[66]Mr. Henderson's monument was afterwards repaired, as it now stands intire a little to the westward of the church. On one side the inscription begins with these words,Hanc quisquis urnam transiens, &c.On another side it begins,Qui contra grassantes per fraudem et tyrannidem.And the English inscription on a third side—Reader, bedew thine eyesNot for the dust here lies,It quicken shall again,And aye in joy remain:But for thyself, the church and stateWhose woe this dust prognosticates.The fourth side of the urn has no inscription.
[66]Mr. Henderson's monument was afterwards repaired, as it now stands intire a little to the westward of the church. On one side the inscription begins with these words,
Hanc quisquis urnam transiens, &c.
On another side it begins,
Qui contra grassantes per fraudem et tyrannidem.
And the English inscription on a third side—
Reader, bedew thine eyesNot for the dust here lies,It quicken shall again,And aye in joy remain:But for thyself, the church and stateWhose woe this dust prognosticates.
The fourth side of the urn has no inscription.
[67]Mr. Bailey in his speech to the general assembly, 1647.
[67]Mr. Bailey in his speech to the general assembly, 1647.
[68]It appears that he was also chaplain to the viscount Kenmuir about the year 1634.
[68]It appears that he was also chaplain to the viscount Kenmuir about the year 1634.
[69]Such as our catechisms, directory for worship, form of church-government, and when the confession of faith was about to be compiled, they added to our Scots commissioners Dr. Gouge, D. Hoyt, Mr. Herle the prolocutor, (Dr. Twisse being then dead), Mr. Gataker, Mr. Tuckney, Mr Reynold's and Mr. Reeves, who prepared materials for that purpose.
[69]Such as our catechisms, directory for worship, form of church-government, and when the confession of faith was about to be compiled, they added to our Scots commissioners Dr. Gouge, D. Hoyt, Mr. Herle the prolocutor, (Dr. Twisse being then dead), Mr. Gataker, Mr. Tuckney, Mr Reynold's and Mr. Reeves, who prepared materials for that purpose.
[70]Mr. Bailey in his letters.
[70]Mr. Bailey in his letters.
[71]See the preface to Stevenson's history.
[71]See the preface to Stevenson's history.
[72]Although patronage be a yoke upon the neck of the church, which neither we nor our fathers were able to bear, contrary to Acts i. 13,&c.vi. 6. xiv. 23. 2. Cor. viii. 19. the practice of the primitive church, reason and the natural rights of mankind, yet in the beginning of our reformation from popery, it was somewhat more tolerable (not to say necessary) than now, when there were few ministers, the people but just emerging out of gross darkness, and our noblemen and gentlemen then being generally not only pious religious men, but also promoters of our reformation (the quite contrary of which is the case at present); and yet our wise reformers, while in an advancing state, made several acts both in church and state as barriers against this increasing evil, and never rested until by an Act of Parliament 1649, they got it utterly abolished. Soon after the restoration this act among others was declared null, and patronage in its full force restored, which continued till the revolution, when its form was changed, by taking that power from patrons and lodging it in the hands of such heritors and elders as were qualified by law. But as if this had not been enough, to denude the people of that right purchased to them by the blood of Christ, patronage was, in its extent, by act of parliament 1712, restored, and is now universally practiced with as bad circumstances as ever.——And yet it is to be feared after all, that there are many now-a-days, more irritated and chagrined at this evil, because it more sensibly crosses their own inclination, then because it is an usurpation upon the church of Christ, else they would give a more ample testimony against the other branches of those incroachments made upon Christ's crown and royal dignity. These who would see more of the evil consequences of patronage, and popular elections vindicated, may consultRectius instruendum; Park upon patronage; the suffrages of the people; the full vindication of the people's right,&c.a plea for the church of Scotland against patronage; the candid inquiry; and an attempt to prove every species of patronage foreign to the nature of the church,&c.
[72]Although patronage be a yoke upon the neck of the church, which neither we nor our fathers were able to bear, contrary to Acts i. 13,&c.vi. 6. xiv. 23. 2. Cor. viii. 19. the practice of the primitive church, reason and the natural rights of mankind, yet in the beginning of our reformation from popery, it was somewhat more tolerable (not to say necessary) than now, when there were few ministers, the people but just emerging out of gross darkness, and our noblemen and gentlemen then being generally not only pious religious men, but also promoters of our reformation (the quite contrary of which is the case at present); and yet our wise reformers, while in an advancing state, made several acts both in church and state as barriers against this increasing evil, and never rested until by an Act of Parliament 1649, they got it utterly abolished. Soon after the restoration this act among others was declared null, and patronage in its full force restored, which continued till the revolution, when its form was changed, by taking that power from patrons and lodging it in the hands of such heritors and elders as were qualified by law. But as if this had not been enough, to denude the people of that right purchased to them by the blood of Christ, patronage was, in its extent, by act of parliament 1712, restored, and is now universally practiced with as bad circumstances as ever.——And yet it is to be feared after all, that there are many now-a-days, more irritated and chagrined at this evil, because it more sensibly crosses their own inclination, then because it is an usurpation upon the church of Christ, else they would give a more ample testimony against the other branches of those incroachments made upon Christ's crown and royal dignity. These who would see more of the evil consequences of patronage, and popular elections vindicated, may consultRectius instruendum; Park upon patronage; the suffrages of the people; the full vindication of the people's right,&c.a plea for the church of Scotland against patronage; the candid inquiry; and an attempt to prove every species of patronage foreign to the nature of the church,&c.
[73]And may we not tremble and be afraid of the same judgments? for how applicable is this to out case in Scotland at present, wherein these our national vows and covenants are not only slighted and neglected, yea flouted at by many in this profane generation, but even some having a more seeming zeal for religion, stand not to argue and say, "That although these covenants were binding on our forefathers who made and took them, yet they can be no way obligatory on us who were never personally engaged therein." But let such for certainty know, that as these solemn vows have their foundation in scripture, Numb. xxx. 7. Deut. v. 3. Josh. xxiv. 25. Psal. lxxvi. 11. Isa. xix. 18. Jer l. 5. Gal. iii. 15. The duties engaged to therein being purely theological and moral, they must have respect unto all circumstances and periods of time, and besides their form beingformalis ratio,i.e.formal reason, and the action solemn, the majesty of heaven being both a party and witness therein, the obligation must be perpetual, which no mortal on earth can lawfully dispense with, and so shall bind and oblige all Scotsmen under penalty of breach of God's covenant while sun and moon endure.
[73]And may we not tremble and be afraid of the same judgments? for how applicable is this to out case in Scotland at present, wherein these our national vows and covenants are not only slighted and neglected, yea flouted at by many in this profane generation, but even some having a more seeming zeal for religion, stand not to argue and say, "That although these covenants were binding on our forefathers who made and took them, yet they can be no way obligatory on us who were never personally engaged therein." But let such for certainty know, that as these solemn vows have their foundation in scripture, Numb. xxx. 7. Deut. v. 3. Josh. xxiv. 25. Psal. lxxvi. 11. Isa. xix. 18. Jer l. 5. Gal. iii. 15. The duties engaged to therein being purely theological and moral, they must have respect unto all circumstances and periods of time, and besides their form beingformalis ratio,i.e.formal reason, and the action solemn, the majesty of heaven being both a party and witness therein, the obligation must be perpetual, which no mortal on earth can lawfully dispense with, and so shall bind and oblige all Scotsmen under penalty of breach of God's covenant while sun and moon endure.
[74]See the forementioned letter and note in a pamphlet intitled, Some predictions or prophecies of our Scots Worthies, &c., from page 20 &c.
[74]See the forementioned letter and note in a pamphlet intitled, Some predictions or prophecies of our Scots Worthies, &c., from page 20 &c.
[75]This protestation had been given in a little before this, to a meeting of ministers in the little kirk of Edinburgh. See Calderwood's history, page 675.
[75]This protestation had been given in a little before this, to a meeting of ministers in the little kirk of Edinburgh. See Calderwood's history, page 675.
[76]See his own history, page {illegible}32.
[76]See his own history, page {illegible}32.
[77]Mr. Calderwood gave in a protest against the assembly 1649, for enabling the directory for election of ministers, which protest was not given in, so favours of patronage, as the author of the modest inquiry would insinuate, for Mr. Calderwood in hisAltare Damascenumhath affirmed once and again, in the strongest terms, the people's right to choose their own pastor.
[77]Mr. Calderwood gave in a protest against the assembly 1649, for enabling the directory for election of ministers, which protest was not given in, so favours of patronage, as the author of the modest inquiry would insinuate, for Mr. Calderwood in hisAltare Damascenumhath affirmed once and again, in the strongest terms, the people's right to choose their own pastor.
[78]This gentleman entered advocate in the year 1648, and was, by the Protector, made one of the judges of the session in the year 1657, and became president in the year 1681. In the year 1682, he had to retire to Holland: in 1689, he was restored to his office, and in 1690, was created a viscount. He wrote the institutions of the law of Scotland, and also published a system of physic greatly valued at that time, with a book intitled, a vindication of the divine attributes, in which there is discovered great force of argument and sound knowledge.
[78]This gentleman entered advocate in the year 1648, and was, by the Protector, made one of the judges of the session in the year 1657, and became president in the year 1681. In the year 1682, he had to retire to Holland: in 1689, he was restored to his office, and in 1690, was created a viscount. He wrote the institutions of the law of Scotland, and also published a system of physic greatly valued at that time, with a book intitled, a vindication of the divine attributes, in which there is discovered great force of argument and sound knowledge.
[79]It is said that the presbyterians and independents being on a certain time to dispute before Cromwell, while he was in Scotland, in or about Glasgow, whereat Mr. Binning being present, managed the points controverted, that he not only non plussed Cromwell's ministers, but even put them to shame, which, after the dispute, made Oliver ask the name of that learned and bold young man, and being told his name was Mr. Hugh Binning, he said, He hath bound well indeed, but clapping his hand on his sword, said, This will loose all again.
[79]It is said that the presbyterians and independents being on a certain time to dispute before Cromwell, while he was in Scotland, in or about Glasgow, whereat Mr. Binning being present, managed the points controverted, that he not only non plussed Cromwell's ministers, but even put them to shame, which, after the dispute, made Oliver ask the name of that learned and bold young man, and being told his name was Mr. Hugh Binning, he said, He hath bound well indeed, but clapping his hand on his sword, said, This will loose all again.
[80]According to the date of his exhortations at Kirkliston, June 11th. 1653, and his letter to lord Warriston, when on his death-bed affixed to his select sermons, dated Feb. 7, 1656, it should appear, if both be authentic, that he was at least two years and a half in the ministry.
[80]According to the date of his exhortations at Kirkliston, June 11th. 1653, and his letter to lord Warriston, when on his death-bed affixed to his select sermons, dated Feb. 7, 1656, it should appear, if both be authentic, that he was at least two years and a half in the ministry.
[81]It appears that Mr Gray was some short time married to that worthy young gentlewoman, who afterward was married to Mr. George Hutcheson sometime minister of the gospel at Irvine.
[81]It appears that Mr Gray was some short time married to that worthy young gentlewoman, who afterward was married to Mr. George Hutcheson sometime minister of the gospel at Irvine.
[82]See these overtures at large in the account of his life prefixed in his commentary on the Revelation.
[82]See these overtures at large in the account of his life prefixed in his commentary on the Revelation.
[83]See his letters, part iii. letter 27.
[83]See his letters, part iii. letter 27.
[84]See Stevenson's history, vol. 1. page 149. Rowe's history, page 295.
[84]See Stevenson's history, vol. 1. page 149. Rowe's history, page 295.
[85]It is reported, that when King Charles sawlex rexhe said, it would scarcely ever get an answer; nor did it ever get any, except what the parliament in 1661 gave it, when they caused to be burnt at the cross of Edinburgh, by the hands of the hangman.
[85]It is reported, that when King Charles sawlex rexhe said, it would scarcely ever get an answer; nor did it ever get any, except what the parliament in 1661 gave it, when they caused to be burnt at the cross of Edinburgh, by the hands of the hangman.
[86]See his letter to Col. Gib, Ker, part II. letter 59.
[86]See his letter to Col. Gib, Ker, part II. letter 59.
[87]Betwixt this toleration and that of the duke of York there was this difference; in this all sects and religions were tolerated, except popery and prelacy; but in that of York these two were only tolerated, and all others except those who professed true presbyterian covenanted principles; and as for Queen Ann's toleration, it was nothing else than a reduplication upon this to restore their beloved {illegible} prelacy again.
[87]Betwixt this toleration and that of the duke of York there was this difference; in this all sects and religions were tolerated, except popery and prelacy; but in that of York these two were only tolerated, and all others except those who professed true presbyterian covenanted principles; and as for Queen Ann's toleration, it was nothing else than a reduplication upon this to restore their beloved {illegible} prelacy again.
[88]It is commonly said, that when the summons came he spoke out of his bed and said, Tell them I have got summons already before a superior judge and judicatory, and I behove to answer my last summons, and ere your day come I will be where few kings and great folks come. When they returned and told he was a-dying, the parliament put to a vote, Whether or not to let him die in the college. It carried, Put him out, only a few dissenting. My lord Burleigh said, Ye have voted that honest man out of the college, but ye cannot vote him out of heaven. Some said, He would never win there, hell was too good for him. Burleigh said, I wish I were as sure of heaven as he is, I would think myself happy to get a grip of his sleeve to hawl me in. See Walker's Rem. page 171.
[88]It is commonly said, that when the summons came he spoke out of his bed and said, Tell them I have got summons already before a superior judge and judicatory, and I behove to answer my last summons, and ere your day come I will be where few kings and great folks come. When they returned and told he was a-dying, the parliament put to a vote, Whether or not to let him die in the college. It carried, Put him out, only a few dissenting. My lord Burleigh said, Ye have voted that honest man out of the college, but ye cannot vote him out of heaven. Some said, He would never win there, hell was too good for him. Burleigh said, I wish I were as sure of heaven as he is, I would think myself happy to get a grip of his sleeve to hawl me in. See Walker's Rem. page 171.
[89]See this testimony and some of his last words published in 1711.
[89]See this testimony and some of his last words published in 1711.
[90]This appears to be these papers bearing the name of representations, propositions, protestations,&c.given in by him, and Messrs. Cant and Livingston to the ministers and elders met at Edinburgh, July 24th 1652.
[90]This appears to be these papers bearing the name of representations, propositions, protestations,&c.given in by him, and Messrs. Cant and Livingston to the ministers and elders met at Edinburgh, July 24th 1652.
[91]It appears that he married a second wife by whom he had only one child alive. See his letters part III. letter 55.
[91]It appears that he married a second wife by whom he had only one child alive. See his letters part III. letter 55.
[92]Part I. letter 4, and part III. letter 37.
[92]Part I. letter 4, and part III. letter 37.
[93]See this discourse at large in Stevenson's history, page 674.
[93]See this discourse at large in Stevenson's history, page 674.
[94]See a more full account of these transactions in Stevenson's history, vol. III. page 176.
[94]See a more full account of these transactions in Stevenson's history, vol. III. page 176.
[95]Some accounts bear that this was a rape committed by him.
[95]Some accounts bear that this was a rape committed by him.
[96]See the national covenant.
[96]See the national covenant.
[97]See the coronation of Charles II. page 38,&c.
[97]See the coronation of Charles II. page 38,&c.
[98]See these articles at large and his answers in Wodrow's church history, vol. 1. page 43,——52.
[98]See these articles at large and his answers in Wodrow's church history, vol. 1. page 43,——52.
[99]See the appendix to Wodrow's history, No. 18.
[99]See the appendix to Wodrow's history, No. 18.
[100]The historian Burnet in the introduction to his history page 30.&c.is pleased to say, "This Argyle was a pretender to high degrees of piety. Warriston went to very high notions of lengthened devotions, and whatsoever struck his fancy during these effusions he looked on it as an answer of prayer." But perhaps the bishop was much a stranger both to high degrees of piety and lengthened devotions, and also to such returns of prayer, for these two gallant noblemen faced the bloody ax and gibbet rather than forgo their profession, with more courage, and (I may say) upon better principles or grounds of suffering than what any diocesan bishop in Scotland at least, or even the doctor himself was honoured to do.
[100]The historian Burnet in the introduction to his history page 30.&c.is pleased to say, "This Argyle was a pretender to high degrees of piety. Warriston went to very high notions of lengthened devotions, and whatsoever struck his fancy during these effusions he looked on it as an answer of prayer." But perhaps the bishop was much a stranger both to high degrees of piety and lengthened devotions, and also to such returns of prayer, for these two gallant noblemen faced the bloody ax and gibbet rather than forgo their profession, with more courage, and (I may say) upon better principles or grounds of suffering than what any diocesan bishop in Scotland at least, or even the doctor himself was honoured to do.
[101]Or the wrestling of the church of Scotland, page 166.
[101]Or the wrestling of the church of Scotland, page 166.
[102]Wodrow in his history, vol. I. page 56.
[102]Wodrow in his history, vol. I. page 56.
[103]It surely was a piece of ill advised conduct (as many of themselves afterward acknowledged), that ever they elected or admitted any of that family of Ahab, after the Almighty had so remarkably driven them forth of these kingdoms, unto the regal dignity, upon any terms whatsoever; particularly Charles II. after he had given such recent proofs of his dissimulation and dissaffection unto the cause and people of God in these nations. After which they never had a day to prosper; for by contending against malignants, and yet at the same time vowing and praying for the head of malignants they not only had malignants and sectaries to fight with, but also made a desuetude unto their former attainments, and so came to contend with one another, until prelacy proved their utter ruin at last. It is objected that king Charles was a good natured man, and that the extermination of our excellent constitution, was from evil counsellors. It is but too true, that evil counsellors have many times proved the ruin of kingdoms and commonwealths, else the wise man would not have said.Take away the wicked from before the king, and his throne shall be established, Prov. xxv. 5. But take the matter as it is, he was still the head of that constitution and (not to speak of his other immoralities), a most perfidious, treacherous and wicked man, and could engage to day and break to-morrow, and all to obtain an earthly crown. For a further illustration of this, see a letter shewing the defection of both addressers and protestors, &c; Dr. Owen's sermon before the protector in Scotland; the history of the Stuarts; and Bennet's memorial of Britain's deliverances, &c.
[103]It surely was a piece of ill advised conduct (as many of themselves afterward acknowledged), that ever they elected or admitted any of that family of Ahab, after the Almighty had so remarkably driven them forth of these kingdoms, unto the regal dignity, upon any terms whatsoever; particularly Charles II. after he had given such recent proofs of his dissimulation and dissaffection unto the cause and people of God in these nations. After which they never had a day to prosper; for by contending against malignants, and yet at the same time vowing and praying for the head of malignants they not only had malignants and sectaries to fight with, but also made a desuetude unto their former attainments, and so came to contend with one another, until prelacy proved their utter ruin at last. It is objected that king Charles was a good natured man, and that the extermination of our excellent constitution, was from evil counsellors. It is but too true, that evil counsellors have many times proved the ruin of kingdoms and commonwealths, else the wise man would not have said.Take away the wicked from before the king, and his throne shall be established, Prov. xxv. 5. But take the matter as it is, he was still the head of that constitution and (not to speak of his other immoralities), a most perfidious, treacherous and wicked man, and could engage to day and break to-morrow, and all to obtain an earthly crown. For a further illustration of this, see a letter shewing the defection of both addressers and protestors, &c; Dr. Owen's sermon before the protector in Scotland; the history of the Stuarts; and Bennet's memorial of Britain's deliverances, &c.
[104]Apologetical relation, § v. page 83.
[104]Apologetical relation, § v. page 83.
[105]See these protestations in Wodrow's church-history, vol. I. p. 58 & 59.
[105]See these protestations in Wodrow's church-history, vol. I. p. 58 & 59.
[106]This unjust sentence was pronounced in the high church of Glasgow by Mr. John Carstairs, who prefaced Mr. Durham's posthumous works some of which are supposed to be vitiated by him especially his treatise on scandal.
[106]This unjust sentence was pronounced in the high church of Glasgow by Mr. John Carstairs, who prefaced Mr. Durham's posthumous works some of which are supposed to be vitiated by him especially his treatise on scandal.
[107]See this paper called the humble petition in Crookshank's history, vol. I. p. 64.
[107]See this paper called the humble petition in Crookshank's history, vol. I. p. 64.
[108]Wodrow's history, vol. I. p. 61.
[108]Wodrow's history, vol. I. p. 61.
[109]History of his own times, page 127.
[109]History of his own times, page 127.
[110]Mr. Alexander Hamilton, when a student at the college of Edinburgh, at the hazard of his life, took down Mr. Guthrie's head and buried it, after it had stood a spectacle for twenty seven years; and it is observable that the very same person afterward succeeded him at Stirling, where he was minister for twelve years.
[110]Mr. Alexander Hamilton, when a student at the college of Edinburgh, at the hazard of his life, took down Mr. Guthrie's head and buried it, after it had stood a spectacle for twenty seven years; and it is observable that the very same person afterward succeeded him at Stirling, where he was minister for twelve years.
[111]He was crowned on the 8th of June by Spotswood arch-bishop of St. Andrews, assisted by the bishops of Rose and Murray, Laud then bishop of London had the direction of the ceremony. He preached in the chapel royal, and insisted upon the benefit of conformity, and the reverence due to the ceremonies of the church&c.But this discourse was far from being to the gust of the people. See Stevenson's history, Vol. I. Bennet's memorial, page 178.
[111]He was crowned on the 8th of June by Spotswood arch-bishop of St. Andrews, assisted by the bishops of Rose and Murray, Laud then bishop of London had the direction of the ceremony. He preached in the chapel royal, and insisted upon the benefit of conformity, and the reverence due to the ceremonies of the church&c.But this discourse was far from being to the gust of the people. See Stevenson's history, Vol. I. Bennet's memorial, page 178.
[112]Vide Bailie's Letters, Vol. I. page 69.
[112]Vide Bailie's Letters, Vol. I. page 69.
[113]History of the Stuarts, Vol. I. page 140.
[113]History of the Stuarts, Vol. I. page 140.
[114]History of the Stuarts, vol. I. p. 140.
[114]History of the Stuarts, vol. I. p. 140.
[115]Memoirs of the duke of Hamilton, p. 163.
[115]Memoirs of the duke of Hamilton, p. 163.
[116]Rushworth's history, vol. I. Oldmixon, vol. I. p. 14{illegible}.
[116]Rushworth's history, vol. I. Oldmixon, vol. I. p. 14{illegible}.
[117]See Dr. Welwood's memoirs, p. {illegible}0.
[117]See Dr. Welwood's memoirs, p. {illegible}0.
[118]See these speeches in the history of church and state, vol. III. pages 1215-25.
[118]See these speeches in the history of church and state, vol. III. pages 1215-25.
[119]His son James earl of Loudon suffered much after his father's death, during the persecuting period; and at last was obliged to leave his native country, and died an exile at Leyden, after having endured a series of hardships. And there are recent instances of the truly noble and independent spirit for liberty this worthy family have all along retained, which, we doubt not, will be transmitted to their posterity.
[119]His son James earl of Loudon suffered much after his father's death, during the persecuting period; and at last was obliged to leave his native country, and died an exile at Leyden, after having endured a series of hardships. And there are recent instances of the truly noble and independent spirit for liberty this worthy family have all along retained, which, we doubt not, will be transmitted to their posterity.
[120]Of his life prefixed to his letters.
[120]Of his life prefixed to his letters.
[121]See this and another of his letters to Lauderdale, Wodrow's history, Vol. I. page 129.
[121]See this and another of his letters to Lauderdale, Wodrow's history, Vol. I. page 129.
[122]See the first discourse in Stevenson's history page 562.; and the last in the assembly-journal.
[122]See the first discourse in Stevenson's history page 562.; and the last in the assembly-journal.
[123]See Mr. Livingston's memorable characteristics, page 81.
[123]See Mr. Livingston's memorable characteristics, page 81.
[124]See further of these declarations and protests in Stevenson's history of church and state, page 361.
[124]See further of these declarations and protests in Stevenson's history of church and state, page 361.
[125]See a more full account of these affairs in the history of church and state, vol. III. page 1009.
[125]See a more full account of these affairs in the history of church and state, vol. III. page 1009.
[126]See the said reasons,&c.page 50.
[126]See the said reasons,&c.page 50.
[127]Blair's memoirs, page 121.
[127]Blair's memoirs, page 121.
[128]Wodrow's history, Vol. I. page 164.
[128]Wodrow's history, Vol. I. page 164.
[129]Wodrow's history, Vol. I. page 175.
[129]Wodrow's history, Vol. I. page 175.
[130]See his history, page 203.
[130]See his history, page 203.
[131]Preface to the apologetical relation.
[131]Preface to the apologetical relation.
[132]Crookshank's history, Vol. I. page 248.
[132]Crookshank's history, Vol. I. page 248.
[133]The reader will find this speech in Naphtali, and in the appendix to Wodrow's history.
[133]The reader will find this speech in Naphtali, and in the appendix to Wodrow's history.
[134]About the time of Middleton's parliament 1661, or 1662, Mr. Wood in company of Mr. Vetch, went into one Glen's shop in Edinburgh to see Sharp, whom he had not seen since he turned bishop.—Sharp discoverning his head to receive the commissioner they had a full view of his face to whom Mr. Wood looked very seriously, and then with much affection uttered these words, "O thou Judas, apostate, traitor, that has betrayed the famous presbyterian church of Scotland to its utter ruin as far as thou canst, if I knew any thing of the mind of God, thou shall not die the ordinary and common death of men." And though this was spoken eighteen years before it was exactly accomplished,anno1679. See Vetch's large life biography, prior edition, page 471.
[134]About the time of Middleton's parliament 1661, or 1662, Mr. Wood in company of Mr. Vetch, went into one Glen's shop in Edinburgh to see Sharp, whom he had not seen since he turned bishop.—Sharp discoverning his head to receive the commissioner they had a full view of his face to whom Mr. Wood looked very seriously, and then with much affection uttered these words, "O thou Judas, apostate, traitor, that has betrayed the famous presbyterian church of Scotland to its utter ruin as far as thou canst, if I knew any thing of the mind of God, thou shall not die the ordinary and common death of men." And though this was spoken eighteen years before it was exactly accomplished,anno1679. See Vetch's large life biography, prior edition, page 471.
[135]Wodrow's history, vol. I. page 208.
[135]Wodrow's history, vol. I. page 208.
[136]See Wodrow's and Crookshank's histories.
[136]See Wodrow's and Crookshank's histories.
[137]Rutherford's letters, part III. let. 66.
[137]Rutherford's letters, part III. let. 66.
[138]After the rest of his brethren were cast out, people so flocked to his sacramental occasions, that the church was so thronged, that each communicant (it is said), had to shew their tokens to the keepers of the door before they got entrance, to prevent disorder and confusion.
[138]After the rest of his brethren were cast out, people so flocked to his sacramental occasions, that the church was so thronged, that each communicant (it is said), had to shew their tokens to the keepers of the door before they got entrance, to prevent disorder and confusion.
[139]Wodrow's history, Vol. I. page 111.
[139]Wodrow's history, Vol. I. page 111.
[140]In the form of a crooked boy who laughed in his face,&c, fulfilling of the scriptures, Vol. I. page 357.
[140]In the form of a crooked boy who laughed in his face,&c, fulfilling of the scriptures, Vol. I. page 357.
[141]His own memoirs, page 11, and 13.
[141]His own memoirs, page 11, and 13.
[142]Fulfilling of the scriptures, Vol. I. page 375.
[142]Fulfilling of the scriptures, Vol. I. page 375.
[143]It seems to have been about this time, that Mr. Blair married his first wife Beatrix Hamilton, a very gracious woman, of the house of {illegible}.
[143]It seems to have been about this time, that Mr. Blair married his first wife Beatrix Hamilton, a very gracious woman, of the house of {illegible}.
[144]See the {illegible} of Mr. {illegible}
[144]See the {illegible} of Mr. {illegible}
[145]See his testimony in Naphtali and Samson's riddle.
[145]See his testimony in Naphtali and Samson's riddle.
[146]Mr. Crookshanks. This was about the Nov. 1662, when the council commenced a process against Sir James Stuart for entertaining him in that family. See his history, vol, II, page 134.
[146]Mr. Crookshanks. This was about the Nov. 1662, when the council commenced a process against Sir James Stuart for entertaining him in that family. See his history, vol, II, page 134.
[147]Bishop Guthrie says, That the chief managers here were Mess. William Ardir, William Guthrie, and John Nevay; and that the covenanters were of foot 2000 and horse 500 strong (but this is more than probable). See his memoirs, page 177. Bailie's letters adds Mssrs. Mowet, Thomas Wylie, Gabriel Maxwel, and Alexander Blair, and says they were some 800 foot and 12 horse strong, Vol. II. page 295,—299.
[147]Bishop Guthrie says, That the chief managers here were Mess. William Ardir, William Guthrie, and John Nevay; and that the covenanters were of foot 2000 and horse 500 strong (but this is more than probable). See his memoirs, page 177. Bailie's letters adds Mssrs. Mowet, Thomas Wylie, Gabriel Maxwel, and Alexander Blair, and says they were some 800 foot and 12 horse strong, Vol. II. page 295,—299.
[148]See the fulfilling of the scriptures, part I. page 434. Wodrow's history, vol. I. page 143.
[148]See the fulfilling of the scriptures, part I. page 434. Wodrow's history, vol. I. page 143.
[149]See the process and his answers at large in Wodrow's history, vol. 1. page 144.
[149]See the process and his answers at large in Wodrow's history, vol. 1. page 144.
[150]Wodrow's history, vol. I. page 113.
[150]Wodrow's history, vol. I. page 113.
[151]See Stevenson's History, vol. III. page 223.
[151]See Stevenson's History, vol. III. page 223.
[152]It is generally told, that when his mother was ready to be delivered of him, his father, being in the next room, intreated the midwife, if possible, to stop the birth a few minutes, but she answered, She could not. Afterwards, being asked the reason of it, he answered, He would not die an ordinary death.
[152]It is generally told, that when his mother was ready to be delivered of him, his father, being in the next room, intreated the midwife, if possible, to stop the birth a few minutes, but she answered, She could not. Afterwards, being asked the reason of it, he answered, He would not die an ordinary death.
[153]Wodrow's history, vol. I. page {illegible}92.
[153]Wodrow's history, vol. I. page {illegible}92.
[154]Mr. Wodrow thinks he was at Pentland; but in his answers before the committee he says otherwise.
[154]Mr. Wodrow thinks he was at Pentland; but in his answers before the committee he says otherwise.
[155]Crookshank's history, vol. 1. page 343.
[155]Crookshank's history, vol. 1. page 343.
[156]The author of the narration of his torture, which is inserted at large in Naphtali.
[156]The author of the narration of his torture, which is inserted at large in Naphtali.