FOOTNOTES:[1]The estimated produce of wheat in these five States in the year 1847 was 38,400,000 bushels.[2]Quantity of bread-stuffs exported from the whole of the United States, and from the ports of New York and Philadelphia, in the years 1842-46 inclusive:—WheatFlourIndian CornIndian Corn(bushels.)(barrels.)(bushels.)(Meal barrels.)United States,2,691,7117,048,3564,764,4501,199,255New York1,985,900610,9442,443,733242,294Philadelphia,474,7881,055,382677,530565,682Total of both ports,2,460,6883,666,3263,121,263807,976[3]Comparative statement of the prices, per barrel, of best wheat flour at New York, (taken from theMonthly Averages) in 1829-33, and 1844-48:—FIRST PERIOD.1829,Dr. 6.231830,5.021831,5.841832,5.701833,5.70Average of five years,5.69SECOND PERIOD.1844,Dr. 4.601845,5.001846,5.161847,6.771848,5.83Average of five years,5.47[4]Vol. ii. p. 389.[5]Vol. i. p. 80.[6]Total number of registered emigrants for the twenty-one years from 1825 to1845 inclusive 1,349,476——Average, 64,260Do. do.for the five years1846to1850 inclusive, 1,216,557——Average, 243,311[7]We give this amount as it is usually estimated, although it is certainly far below the truth.[8]The American Almanacfor 1851.[9]See Mr Smee's pamphlet on the Income-Tax.[10]By the leviathan steamers now building for the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Company. They are calculated to make from sixteen to eighteen miles an hour, which would reduce the sea-going part of the voyage to eight days two hours.[11]The mere physical pleasure of the upper voyage has been thus described—"No words can convey an idea of the beauty and delightfulness of tropical weather, at least while any breeze from the north is blowing. There is a pleasure in the very act of breathing—a voluptuous consciousness that existence is a blessed thing: the pulse beats high, but calmly; the eye feels expanded; the chest heaves pleasureably, as if air was a delicious draught to thirsty lungs; and the mind takes its colouring and character from sensation. No thought of melancholy ever darkens over us—no painful sense of isolation or of loneliness, as day after day we pass on through silent deserts, upon the silent and solemn river. One seems, as it were, removed into another state of existence; and all the strifes and struggles of that from which we have emerged seem to fade, softened into indistinctness. This is what Homer and Alfred Tennyson knew that the lotus-eaters felt when they tasted of the mysterious tree of this country, and became weary of their wanderings:—'——To him the gushing of the waveFar, far away, did seem to mourn and raveOn alien shores: and, if his fellow spake,His voice was thin, as voices from the grave!And deep asleep he seemed, yet all awake,And music in his ears his beating heart did make.'If the day, with all the tyranny of its sunshine and its innumerable insects, be enjoyable in the tropics, the night is still more so. The stars shine out with diamond brilliancy, and appear as large as if seen through a telescope. Their changing colours, the wake of light they cast upon the water, the distinctness of the milky way, and the splendour, above all, of the evening star, give one the impression of being under a different firmament from that to which we have been accustomed; then the cool delicious airs, with all the strange and stilly sounds they bear from the desert and the forest; the delicate scents they scatter, and the languid breathings with which they make our large white sails appear to pant, as they heave and languish softly over the water."—(The Crescent and the Cross, vol. i. p. 210.)[12]The journey from Cairo across the desert by Suez, or at least thence by Gaza or Sinai to Jerusalem, is performed in the same manner as it was in the days when Eothen, Dr Robinson, and Lord Castlereagh described it. The only difference occurs in the route between Cairo and Suez, which is now performed on wheels in about twelve hours, and, in the course of eighteen months, is expected to be easily accomplished in two hours and a half by railway.[13]Kief: a word difficult to translate, but expressing perfect abandonment to repose; adolce far nientewhich only Orientals can thoroughly achieve.[14]The Moslems being water-drinkers, are as curious about their streams asbons vivansare about their cellars. One of the Caliphs sent to weigh all the waters in his wide kingdom, and found that of the Euphrates was the lightest.[15]He was subsequently murdered,A. D.62.[16]We must here notice the generosity with which Mr Walpole forbears to enlarge upon any subject in which he might anticipate the works of other travellers. For this reason he passes lightly over this interesting tour in the mountains of Koordistan, and only (to our regret) alludesen passantto a tribe ofpastoralJews, whom he and Mr Layard met on these mountains, following the spring (as the snows receding left fresh herbage for their flocks) up the mountains. When we consider how rarely pastoral Jews are met with, and that this was the very land wherein the lost ten tribes disappeared, and, moreover, that the elders of these people spoke the Chaldean tongue, we are much disappointed to hear no more of them.[17]The mystery relating to this community is so great that the laborious Müller, in his twenty-four books, has not attempted to penetrate it. And Gibbon, notwithstanding his acknowledged pleasure in painting scenes of blood, has treated the Order of Assassins very superficially. Marco Polo is, as usual, the most entertaining of authorities, as far as he goes; but it remained for Joseph Von Hammer to explore the faint vestiges of their strange story with vast and patient research. He has thrown together the results of his labours in a small volume, of great interest.[18]The Vulture's Nest.[19]Dais, Refik, and Fedavie.[20]De Regionibus Orient., lib. i. c. 28.[21]We do not yet know if any ceremony exists at the naming of the child.
[1]The estimated produce of wheat in these five States in the year 1847 was 38,400,000 bushels.
[1]The estimated produce of wheat in these five States in the year 1847 was 38,400,000 bushels.
[2]Quantity of bread-stuffs exported from the whole of the United States, and from the ports of New York and Philadelphia, in the years 1842-46 inclusive:—WheatFlourIndian CornIndian Corn(bushels.)(barrels.)(bushels.)(Meal barrels.)United States,2,691,7117,048,3564,764,4501,199,255New York1,985,900610,9442,443,733242,294Philadelphia,474,7881,055,382677,530565,682Total of both ports,2,460,6883,666,3263,121,263807,976
[2]Quantity of bread-stuffs exported from the whole of the United States, and from the ports of New York and Philadelphia, in the years 1842-46 inclusive:—
WheatFlourIndian CornIndian Corn(bushels.)(barrels.)(bushels.)(Meal barrels.)United States,2,691,7117,048,3564,764,4501,199,255New York1,985,900610,9442,443,733242,294Philadelphia,474,7881,055,382677,530565,682Total of both ports,2,460,6883,666,3263,121,263807,976
[3]Comparative statement of the prices, per barrel, of best wheat flour at New York, (taken from theMonthly Averages) in 1829-33, and 1844-48:—FIRST PERIOD.1829,Dr. 6.231830,5.021831,5.841832,5.701833,5.70Average of five years,5.69SECOND PERIOD.1844,Dr. 4.601845,5.001846,5.161847,6.771848,5.83Average of five years,5.47
[3]Comparative statement of the prices, per barrel, of best wheat flour at New York, (taken from theMonthly Averages) in 1829-33, and 1844-48:—
FIRST PERIOD.1829,Dr. 6.231830,5.021831,5.841832,5.701833,5.70Average of five years,5.69SECOND PERIOD.1844,Dr. 4.601845,5.001846,5.161847,6.771848,5.83Average of five years,5.47
[4]Vol. ii. p. 389.
[4]Vol. ii. p. 389.
[5]Vol. i. p. 80.
[5]Vol. i. p. 80.
[6]Total number of registered emigrants for the twenty-one years from 1825 to1845 inclusive 1,349,476——Average, 64,260Do. do.for the five years1846to1850 inclusive, 1,216,557——Average, 243,311
[6]
Total number of registered emigrants for the twenty-one years from 1825 to1845 inclusive 1,349,476——Average, 64,260Do. do.for the five years1846to1850 inclusive, 1,216,557——Average, 243,311
[7]We give this amount as it is usually estimated, although it is certainly far below the truth.
[7]We give this amount as it is usually estimated, although it is certainly far below the truth.
[8]The American Almanacfor 1851.
[8]The American Almanacfor 1851.
[9]See Mr Smee's pamphlet on the Income-Tax.
[9]See Mr Smee's pamphlet on the Income-Tax.
[10]By the leviathan steamers now building for the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Company. They are calculated to make from sixteen to eighteen miles an hour, which would reduce the sea-going part of the voyage to eight days two hours.
[10]By the leviathan steamers now building for the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Company. They are calculated to make from sixteen to eighteen miles an hour, which would reduce the sea-going part of the voyage to eight days two hours.
[11]The mere physical pleasure of the upper voyage has been thus described—"No words can convey an idea of the beauty and delightfulness of tropical weather, at least while any breeze from the north is blowing. There is a pleasure in the very act of breathing—a voluptuous consciousness that existence is a blessed thing: the pulse beats high, but calmly; the eye feels expanded; the chest heaves pleasureably, as if air was a delicious draught to thirsty lungs; and the mind takes its colouring and character from sensation. No thought of melancholy ever darkens over us—no painful sense of isolation or of loneliness, as day after day we pass on through silent deserts, upon the silent and solemn river. One seems, as it were, removed into another state of existence; and all the strifes and struggles of that from which we have emerged seem to fade, softened into indistinctness. This is what Homer and Alfred Tennyson knew that the lotus-eaters felt when they tasted of the mysterious tree of this country, and became weary of their wanderings:—'——To him the gushing of the waveFar, far away, did seem to mourn and raveOn alien shores: and, if his fellow spake,His voice was thin, as voices from the grave!And deep asleep he seemed, yet all awake,And music in his ears his beating heart did make.'If the day, with all the tyranny of its sunshine and its innumerable insects, be enjoyable in the tropics, the night is still more so. The stars shine out with diamond brilliancy, and appear as large as if seen through a telescope. Their changing colours, the wake of light they cast upon the water, the distinctness of the milky way, and the splendour, above all, of the evening star, give one the impression of being under a different firmament from that to which we have been accustomed; then the cool delicious airs, with all the strange and stilly sounds they bear from the desert and the forest; the delicate scents they scatter, and the languid breathings with which they make our large white sails appear to pant, as they heave and languish softly over the water."—(The Crescent and the Cross, vol. i. p. 210.)
[11]The mere physical pleasure of the upper voyage has been thus described—"No words can convey an idea of the beauty and delightfulness of tropical weather, at least while any breeze from the north is blowing. There is a pleasure in the very act of breathing—a voluptuous consciousness that existence is a blessed thing: the pulse beats high, but calmly; the eye feels expanded; the chest heaves pleasureably, as if air was a delicious draught to thirsty lungs; and the mind takes its colouring and character from sensation. No thought of melancholy ever darkens over us—no painful sense of isolation or of loneliness, as day after day we pass on through silent deserts, upon the silent and solemn river. One seems, as it were, removed into another state of existence; and all the strifes and struggles of that from which we have emerged seem to fade, softened into indistinctness. This is what Homer and Alfred Tennyson knew that the lotus-eaters felt when they tasted of the mysterious tree of this country, and became weary of their wanderings:—
'——To him the gushing of the waveFar, far away, did seem to mourn and raveOn alien shores: and, if his fellow spake,His voice was thin, as voices from the grave!And deep asleep he seemed, yet all awake,And music in his ears his beating heart did make.'
'——To him the gushing of the waveFar, far away, did seem to mourn and raveOn alien shores: and, if his fellow spake,His voice was thin, as voices from the grave!And deep asleep he seemed, yet all awake,And music in his ears his beating heart did make.'
If the day, with all the tyranny of its sunshine and its innumerable insects, be enjoyable in the tropics, the night is still more so. The stars shine out with diamond brilliancy, and appear as large as if seen through a telescope. Their changing colours, the wake of light they cast upon the water, the distinctness of the milky way, and the splendour, above all, of the evening star, give one the impression of being under a different firmament from that to which we have been accustomed; then the cool delicious airs, with all the strange and stilly sounds they bear from the desert and the forest; the delicate scents they scatter, and the languid breathings with which they make our large white sails appear to pant, as they heave and languish softly over the water."—(The Crescent and the Cross, vol. i. p. 210.)
[12]The journey from Cairo across the desert by Suez, or at least thence by Gaza or Sinai to Jerusalem, is performed in the same manner as it was in the days when Eothen, Dr Robinson, and Lord Castlereagh described it. The only difference occurs in the route between Cairo and Suez, which is now performed on wheels in about twelve hours, and, in the course of eighteen months, is expected to be easily accomplished in two hours and a half by railway.
[12]The journey from Cairo across the desert by Suez, or at least thence by Gaza or Sinai to Jerusalem, is performed in the same manner as it was in the days when Eothen, Dr Robinson, and Lord Castlereagh described it. The only difference occurs in the route between Cairo and Suez, which is now performed on wheels in about twelve hours, and, in the course of eighteen months, is expected to be easily accomplished in two hours and a half by railway.
[13]Kief: a word difficult to translate, but expressing perfect abandonment to repose; adolce far nientewhich only Orientals can thoroughly achieve.
[13]Kief: a word difficult to translate, but expressing perfect abandonment to repose; adolce far nientewhich only Orientals can thoroughly achieve.
[14]The Moslems being water-drinkers, are as curious about their streams asbons vivansare about their cellars. One of the Caliphs sent to weigh all the waters in his wide kingdom, and found that of the Euphrates was the lightest.
[14]The Moslems being water-drinkers, are as curious about their streams asbons vivansare about their cellars. One of the Caliphs sent to weigh all the waters in his wide kingdom, and found that of the Euphrates was the lightest.
[15]He was subsequently murdered,A. D.62.
[15]He was subsequently murdered,A. D.62.
[16]We must here notice the generosity with which Mr Walpole forbears to enlarge upon any subject in which he might anticipate the works of other travellers. For this reason he passes lightly over this interesting tour in the mountains of Koordistan, and only (to our regret) alludesen passantto a tribe ofpastoralJews, whom he and Mr Layard met on these mountains, following the spring (as the snows receding left fresh herbage for their flocks) up the mountains. When we consider how rarely pastoral Jews are met with, and that this was the very land wherein the lost ten tribes disappeared, and, moreover, that the elders of these people spoke the Chaldean tongue, we are much disappointed to hear no more of them.
[16]We must here notice the generosity with which Mr Walpole forbears to enlarge upon any subject in which he might anticipate the works of other travellers. For this reason he passes lightly over this interesting tour in the mountains of Koordistan, and only (to our regret) alludesen passantto a tribe ofpastoralJews, whom he and Mr Layard met on these mountains, following the spring (as the snows receding left fresh herbage for their flocks) up the mountains. When we consider how rarely pastoral Jews are met with, and that this was the very land wherein the lost ten tribes disappeared, and, moreover, that the elders of these people spoke the Chaldean tongue, we are much disappointed to hear no more of them.
[17]The mystery relating to this community is so great that the laborious Müller, in his twenty-four books, has not attempted to penetrate it. And Gibbon, notwithstanding his acknowledged pleasure in painting scenes of blood, has treated the Order of Assassins very superficially. Marco Polo is, as usual, the most entertaining of authorities, as far as he goes; but it remained for Joseph Von Hammer to explore the faint vestiges of their strange story with vast and patient research. He has thrown together the results of his labours in a small volume, of great interest.
[17]The mystery relating to this community is so great that the laborious Müller, in his twenty-four books, has not attempted to penetrate it. And Gibbon, notwithstanding his acknowledged pleasure in painting scenes of blood, has treated the Order of Assassins very superficially. Marco Polo is, as usual, the most entertaining of authorities, as far as he goes; but it remained for Joseph Von Hammer to explore the faint vestiges of their strange story with vast and patient research. He has thrown together the results of his labours in a small volume, of great interest.
[18]The Vulture's Nest.
[18]The Vulture's Nest.
[19]Dais, Refik, and Fedavie.
[19]Dais, Refik, and Fedavie.
[20]De Regionibus Orient., lib. i. c. 28.
[20]De Regionibus Orient., lib. i. c. 28.
[21]We do not yet know if any ceremony exists at the naming of the child.
[21]We do not yet know if any ceremony exists at the naming of the child.
Transcriber's note:Minor typographical errors have been corrected without note. Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed (example: Sheffield and Sheffeld).Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.The cover for the eBook version of this book was created by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.
Minor typographical errors have been corrected without note. Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed (example: Sheffield and Sheffeld).
Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.
The cover for the eBook version of this book was created by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.