[10] Head to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, 26 May, 1856.
[11] Statement of the Hon. John A. Macdonald in the Assembly, 26 May, 1856.
[12] SeeAppendix to the First Report of the Board of Registration and Statistics, Montreal, 1849.
[13]Life of the Hon. George Brown, p. 263. This is undoubtedly an overestimate—prophetic rather than truthful.
[14]Life and Speeches of the Hon. George Brown, p. 267.
[15] Pope,Life of Sir John Macdonald, p. 234.
[16]Life and Speeches of the Hon. George Brown, p. 72.
[17] Cauchon, L'Union des provinces de l'Amerique Britannique du Nord, p. 45.
[18]Report from the Select Committee of the Legislative Council, p. xiv., Quebec, 1855.
[19] Pope,Life of Sir John Macdonald, p. 149.
[20]Life and Speeches of the Hon. George Brown, p. 271.
[21] Sir Richard Cartwright,Reminiscences, pp. 20-21.
[22] The Independence of Parliament Act—20 Victoria, c. 22.
[23]Life and Speeches of the Hon. George Brown, p. 299.
[24] See the volume containing the Parliamentary Debates on confederation, in 1865.
[25] Pope,Life of Sir John Macdonald, i. p. 283.
[26] Elgin-Grey Correspondence: Elgin to Grey, 13 July, 1847.
[27] The Secretary of State for the Colonies to Monck, 10 July, 1863.
[28]Confederation Debates(1865), p. 34.
[29]Life and Speeches of the Hon. George Brown, p. 272.
[30] See the previous chapter, pp. 283-290.
[31] See the most important statement by Galt, dated 25 October, 1859, and contained inSessional Papers of the Canadian Parliament, vol. xviii., No. 4.
[32] Monck to Newcastle, 28 July, 1863.
[33] See, on the Annexation movement, Allin and Jones,Annexation, Preferential Trade, and Reciprocity, a useful summary of Canadian opinion in 1849 and 1850.
[34] Elgin-Grey Correspondence: Elgin to Grey, 23 April, 1849.
[35] Christie,History of Lower Canada, iv. p. 539.
[36] SeeLa Revue Canadienne, 21 December, 1847.
[37]Confederation Debates, p. 56. In answer to Cartier, "the Hon. Mr. Dorion said that was not the case. The honorable gentleman had misquoted what had passed there (i.e.at theInstitut). The Hon. Mr. Cartier said he was right. If resolutions were not passed, sentiments were expressed to that effect. Then the organ of the Institute—L'Ordrehe thought—had set forth that the interests of Lower Canada would be better secured by annexation to the United States than by entering into a Confederation with the British American Provinces."
[38]The Irish Position in British, and in Republican North America—a lecture, p. 13.
[39] Elgin-Grey Correspondence: Elgin to Grey, 3 September, 1849.
[40] Allin and Jones,op. cit.pp. 91 and 164.
[41]Montreal Gazette, 25 April, 1849.
[42] Allin and Jones,op. cit.p. 115.
[43] Pope,Life of Sir John Macdonald, i. p. 71.
[44]Convention of the British American League, 1849, p. li.
[45] Joseph Cauchon,L'Union des provinces de L'Amerique Britannique du Nord, p. 51.
[46]Further Papers relative to the Affairs of Canada(7 June, 1849), p. 25.
[47] Quoted from Dent,The Last Forty Years, ii. pp. 181-2.
[48] Sir Richard Cartwright,Reminiscences, pp. 9-10.
[49]Life and Speeches of the Hon. George Brown, p. 50.
[50] Written from England. Pope,Life of Sir John Macdonald, ii. p. 274.
[51]Ibid.p. 32.
[52]Confederation Debates, p. 44.
Agriculture of theHabitants,16
"Alabama" affair, the,288
Alien Admission Bill,106
America, United States of, Bagot's diplomatic services in,126,127-8
and Canadian Annexation,204,218,219
and Canada, Federation in, differences between,329
Elgin's skilful Diplomacy with,191
Politics in, as affecting Canadian (1852),200,207,215
Relations with Great Britain as affected by Canadian Autonomy,287
Tory feeling to, after 1812,248
Trade of, with Canada as affected by Free Trade,272, Grey's views on,273
American Aggression, and the Defence of Canada, Peel on,254
Education, Burke on,40
Immigrants, Annexation views of,333
War, the, attitude to, of Canada and Great Britain,288; Military power shown by,290
Amnesty, Bagot's attitude to,155
Anderson, John, political indifference of,55-6&n.
Anglicanism (see alsoClergy Reserves), in Canada,43-4,47; Imperial support to,48,49
Anglicization of French Canada, views on, of various Governors,57,59,83,142,211,306,311-12
Anglo-French Reformingbloc, evolution of,65,161
Attitude of, on Metcalfe's arrival,161et sqq.
Annexation, Federation as alternative to, Russell on,265
Manifestoes on,334,337
Movement in favour of, activity in 1849,330; Inconsistencies on, ofThe Times,233; Opposition to, of Brown,342; Supporters of,204,330et sqq.;Rougesviews on,302
Risk of, on Elgin's arrival,191
Tory views on,204,254,255
Anti-Union attitude of French Canadians,124
Ashburton Treaty, the, Difficulties solved by,127-8,132
Armstrong, Peter, Typical Squatter,29
Art of Colonization, by Wakefield,239
Arthur, Sir George, Governor-General, Timid despatches of,249
on Colonial Disloyalty,60-1
on the Durham Report and its effect,248-9
Autonomy, Canadian, the Struggle for,passim
British opinion on, changes in,230et sqq.
Conditions demanded by,277
Limitations on, views of Durham and Sydenham on,119-21
Macdonald's views on,344
Movement towards, as affected by Successive Governors,122-5,138,228, by Elgin,228-9, and by Grey,268-71
Natural outcome ofLaissez-faire,291
Results, as affecting Anglo-American relations,287; Confederation,305; Connexion of Canada and Great Britain,323et sqq.; Party system,302-5; Summary of,345-6
Aylwin, T. C., in office,150
Bagot, Sir Charles, Governor-General,70,126et sqq.,156,163; as Financier,237-8; and King's College, Toronto,36; Political antecedents of,126-7; Political opportunism of,138et sqq.,143-6, wisdom of his methods,147; the practical surrender of Responsible Government by,158,161,228-9; Russell's view on,261, Stanley's view on,278; Relations with French-Canadians,57,146-7,149-50; Stanley's instructions to,129, and relations with,127et sqq.
Work of his period of office, three factors of,128et sqq.
on Autonomy, Separation, and Loyalty,138; on the Crown's right to name the Capital,155; on the French Canadians after the Union,57-8
Baldwin, Robert, Leader of Reforming Loyalists,64,105,125,197,295; Anti-annexation actions of,339; Averse to the "Double majority,"308; Bagot and,143,144; Challenge by, to Sydenham's system,143-6; Character and Politics of,109et sqq.,141; Check to,155; and the Clergy Reserve question,52; and Elgin,203; Harrison's views on, and Draper's,134; Insistence by, on Responsible Government,113-5,116,119,150,161-2,176; Loyalty of,339; Motion by, demanding a Provincial Parliament,119; Office claimed for,149; and the Patronage crisis,168; as Solicitor-General of Upper Canada,109et sqq.; Stanley's attitude to,142.
on Coalition government,299-300; on Patronage, and the position of the Council,175; on Russell's Colonial Administration Speech (1850),264
Baldwin-Hincks Reformers, in Politics,301
Baldwin-La Fontaine Ministry, the,161,212, and the origin of Anglo-French Solidarity,215-6,229,295,298; Precedent provided by,307
Belleville, Population (1846),24
Bentinck, Lord William, Governor-General of India,159
Black, Dr., and the Clergy Reserve question,48
Board of Works for Canada set up,106,118
Boston, Elgin's official visit to (1851),232
Bridges, Lack of,12
Bright, John, and Separation,283,290
British aid to Canada, need of (1839), and Sydenham's Loan Scheme,68-9,97et sqq.
Approval of Metcalfe's methods, and those of earlier Governors,170,175,180,182,186,193Colonial Empire, maintenance of, views on,275,277et sqq.
Communities, Government of, Lesson on, from Canadian history,345
Community, attempted absorption in, of French-Canadians,57,59,83,142,211,306,311-12
Empire, permanence of, some firm believers in,274; World-value of, Grey's view on,275-6
British Half-pay Officers as Colonists,18-20
Opinion on Canadian Autonomy, changes in,235et sqq.
Predominance, passim; Russell's theory of, effects of,228-9
Universities, relations of, with Canadian College Education,37-8&n.1
Views on Imperialism, early Victorian,230, gradual change in,230et sqq.
British-American League, aims of,336-7
British-Canadian connexion, on what chiefly dependent,292
Brockville, Population (1846),25
Brougham, Lord, and Separation,281,282-7
Brown, George, pioneer of Political journalism, Scottish origin of,23; Characteristics of,323,340-3; and the Clear-Grits,300&n.2,340-1; and Confederation,312-14,341,342; as Editor, and Leader,341; Loyalty of,339; and Macdonald's federation scheme,302&n.et sqq.; Macdonald's unfairness to,319; Political rectitude of,321; Political views of,298; Why disliked by the French,312
on Canadian loyalty,326-7; on Canadian population distribution (1857),310-11, and Parliamentary representation,310-11; on Political corruption,317; on Public spirit connected with Confederation,322
Brown-Dorion two days' administration, the,302
Buchanan, Isaac, and Canadian Tariff,327
Buller, Arthur, on the Illiteracy of theHabitants,16
Buller, Charles, characteristics of,241; as Educator in sound Colonial policy,247,251; Imperialism of,162,245; La Fontaine's objection to,162; and Local Government,94; Non-belief of, in Separation,278,281; Views of, on Colonial affairs,94,162,234-5,236,237,240-3,247,251,278,281,291
famous pamphlet by,234-5,236,240-3
on Permanent Officials and Changing Heads at the Colonial Office,234-5,236; on Russell's Imperialism,262
Burke, Edmund, on American Education and Book-reading,40; on Colonial Independence and Imperial Unity,2,3; on Party,294; on the Whigs,166
Bytown (Ottawa), and the Immigrants,21; Population (1846),24; Social conditions at,30