incorrectly used,73-74;joined byor,86;punctuation of series of,171ff.Number of verb,86.O, capitalization of,161.o, plural of nouns ending in,19.Object, of a preposition,55,66;of a transitive verb,66;indirect,66;second,66.Objective case,64,66;as direct object of a transitive verb,66;as object of a preposition,66,119;as indirect object,66;as second object,66;as appositive,66;as adverbial modifier,66;followinglike,124.Observation, subjects taken from,146ff.Obsolete words,3.Ofandhave,119.Ofphrase substituted for the possessive case,67.Oh,161.Omission, of letters,160;of necessary words,210ff.;of subject in business letters,242.Opening an account, letters for,240ff.Operating department of a railroad,360.Oral English, exercises in,127ff.Oral expression,127ff.;variety of,111.Oral reproduction, from magazines,147;from newspapers,154ff.Oral exercises, in general,127ff.;on manufacture,273ff.;in the retail trade,286;in the wholesale trade,290ff.;in the mail order business,295;in connection with the salesman,299ff.Order bill of lading,285.Ordering goods, letter for,239.Order, express money,340-341;postal money,341.Organization, corporate,359;of a railroad,360.Outline, for a debate,141ff.;how to make an,151ff.Paper money, kinds of,332ff.Paragraph, the,215ff.;in dialogue,168ff.;proper length of,215-216;topic sentence in,216ff.;"hammock," 216;how developed,222-223.Paragraphs on, Sacramento City,48;exports in cattle,76;cost of living,173;the government's laundry,173-174;luck and labor,174;sawdust,174-175;a new kind of wood,175;hogs as mortgage lifters,175;cotton seed,176;making paper,176-177;how to advance,177;bubonic plague,177;politics of a city,181;cotton in the Soudan,181;the "yellow" invasion,182;saving,182,184,193;investors,184,185;Chicago's milk supply,186;the dead letter sale,190;industries, controlled,193;the secret blotter,197;a mummy's doll,198;office efficiency,217;stenographic efficiency,217;business courtesy,218;the rural landscape of Norway,218;theSpectator,218-219;income,225;gas mantles,280-281;production of wool,281;casting metals,281;transportation,305;the Latin-American trade,306;the parcel post in Africa,306;the remedy for wrecks,306-307;colonization,307;farm reform,329;farming specials,330;selection of seed,330-331;the clearing house,350-351;washed money,351-352;an early monopoly,365;mining investments,365-366.Paragraphs, subjects for. SeeSubjects.Parenthesis marks, use of,196;wrongly used to cancel expressions,196.Parenthetical expressions, punctuation of,180ff.Participle, defined,109;tenses and voices of,109;the dangling,205-206.Participles, formation of,21;of verbs iny,23.Participial phrases, punctuation of,176ff.;188 ff.Parts of speech:The noun and the pronoun,49,57ff.;the adjective and the adverb,49,75, ff.;the verb,49,83ff.;the preposition and the conjunction,49,116ff.;the interjection,49.Parts, principal, of irregular verbs,95ff.Par value,355.Passive voice, defined,84;conjugation offollow, in the,105ff.;synopsis offollowin the,106.Past tense,88;progressive form of,89;emphatic form of,89;perfect,90.Payment, letters requesting,253ff.Perfect tenses,89ff.Period, use of,162.Personal pronouns declined,58.Personality essential in a salesman,298.Persons of the pronouns,58.Phrase modifiers,52ff.Phrases, prepositional,52ff.;adverbial,52-53;adjective,52-53;classification of,110;punctuation of series of,171ff.;initial participial, punctuation of,176;incorrectly used as a sentence,45,242.Plurals, of nouns,18ff.;of letters and figures,20,160;of foreign nouns,21.Positive degree,78,79.Possessive case,64,67;rules for forming,67;separate possession, in the,67;with verbal nouns,67ff.;ofphrase substituted for,67;use of the apostrophe in the,159.Possibility, use of the subjunctive mode to show,113ff.Postal money order,341.Predicate, of the sentence,41;nominative,65.Preferred stock,355.Prefix, usually constituting a syllable,16;Anglo-Saxon,29;Latin,31;ad,con, andin,32-33.Present tense,88;progressive,88;emphatic,88;perfect,89.Preposition, defined,49;phrase introduced by,52;followed by the objective case,66,119;and the conjunction,116ff.;the wrong,119;necessary,119.Prepositional phrases,52-53.Prepositions, and adverbs confused,52;list of,53;used with certain verbs,116-117;incorrectly used,118-119.Pride, its appeal in advertising,311-312.Principal clauses,42.Principal parts of irregular verbs,95ff.Progressive tenses,88ff.; 105.Promissory note,335.Pronominal adjectives,60.Pronoun, defined,49;and the noun,57ff.;incorrect use ofsameas a pronoun,72-73.Pronouns,58ff.;personal, declined,58;emphatic,59;reflexive,59;list of relative,54;declension of relative,59;compound relative,59;double relative,59;restrictive relative,59ff.;interrogative declined,60;demonstrative,60;indefinite,61;adjective,61;possessive in form, not in use,59(note);incorrectly used,73ff.;joined byor,86.Pronunciation,7ff.;slurring syllables in,7;ofcandg,24.Proper noun, defined,57;capitalization of,57,161.Proposition for debate,137.Public utility corporations,361ff.Punctuation,158ff.;apostrophe,159ff.;capitals,160ff.;period,162;interrogation mark,162;exclamation mark,162;quotation marks,163ff.;comma,170ff.;semicolon,192ff.;colon,194ff.;dash,195ff.;parenthesis marks,196;hyphen,196ff.;of series,170ff.;of compound sentences,45,173ff.;of initial clause or participial phrase,175ff.;of explanatory expressions,179ff.;afteras follows, etc.,195;afternamely, etc.,195.Quality, its appeal in advertising,311-312.Questions for discussion on, manufacture,273-274;the retail merchant,286-287;the wholesale merchant,291-292;the mail order merchant,295;advertising,309-310;real estate,323;the corporation,363-364.Quitclaim deed,322.Quotation marks, use of,163ff.Quotations, use of comma in,170ff.Railroad, the,360;sources of income of,360;organization of,360;departments of,360ff.Railroad company, the,284,360.Raiseandrise,101.Raw materials,274.Reading, subjects taken from,147ff.Realandvery,81.Real estate and insurance,321.Real estate business,321ff.Rent,321;lease,321;warranty deed,322;quitclaim deed,322;clear title,322;fee simple,322;mortgage,322;foreclosing a mortgage,322;agent and commission,323;letters in,324ff.;topics for investigation and discussion,327.Receipt for freight,285.Redemption of bonds,358.Reflexive pronouns,59.Reform, farm,329.Relative pronouns, list of,54,59;declined,59;double,59;restrictive,59ff.;compound,59.Relative value of different forms of advertising,310.Remedy for wrecks,306-307.Remittance, forms of,338ff.Check,339;certified check,339ff.;endorsement, methods of,340;express money order,340;postal money order,341;bank draft,341ff.;time draft,343ff.;sight draft,344ff.Rent,321.Reproduction, oral, from magazines,147ff.;from newspapers,154ff.Requesting payment, letters,253ff.Restricting the subject,150.Restrictive relative pronouns,59ff.Retail merchant, the,286ff.Richards' baby stocking fund,337.Riseandraise,101.Roots, Greek,30.Rules.For spelling:regular plurals insandes,18;changing finalytoi,19;nouns ino,19;nouns infandfe,19;plural by change of vowel,19;by addingen,19;no change for the plural,20;two plurals,20;compound nouns,20;plurals of letters and figures,20;foreign plurals,21;doubling final consonant,21-22;retainingybeforeing,23;ieorei,24;softcandg,24;dropping final silente,25;retaining finale,25-26.For punctuation:the apostrophe, to show the possessive case of nouns,159;to show omission of letters,160;to show plurals of letters, figures, and words not regularly nouns,160;capitals,160ff.;the period,162;the interrogation mark,162;the exclamation mark,162;quotation marks,163ff.;comma in direct quotations,170;comma in series,171ff.;comma in compound sentence,173ff.;comma after initial clause or participial phrase,175ff.;comma to separate month from year, etc.,178;comma to show omission of words,178;comma to set off appositive,179ff.;comma to set off parenthetical expressions,180ff.;comma to set off independent elements,182ff.;comma to set off non-restrictive relative clause,185ff.;comma to set off subordinate element at the end of the sentence,188ff.;the semicolon,192ff.;the colon,194ff.;the dash,195ff.;parenthesis marks,196;the hyphen,196.S 1, comma fault,44.S 2, use of phrase or clause as sentence,45.Sacramento City, paragraph on,48.Salary,3.Sales letter, the,244ff.Salesman, the,298ff.;letters to help the,301-302.Salutation, the, of business letters,232,236-237.Same, not a pronoun,72-73;distinctly business blunder,243.Saving, paragraphs on,182,184,193.Savings banks,334,336; postal,337.Savings department of bank,332.Sawandseen,99-100.Sawdust, paragraph on,174.Second object,66.Secretary's report, the,115(note).Sede,cede,ceed,34.Selection of seed,330-331.Semicolon, uses of,45,174,192ff.Sentence, the, and its elements,41ff.;subject of,41;simple,42;complex,42;compound,42;compound, punctuation of,45,174;predicate of,41;declarative, defined,41;interrogative, defined,41;imperative, defined,41;exclamatory, defined,41;