Niagara, at the Power houses,53——, a visit to the Falls,47——, beneath the cascade,49——, distribution of power,55——, experiences at the cataract,50——, how it makes electricity,53Nickel deposits, chance discovery of,185—— ——, of, in Keewatin,144—— —— in Ontario,178Northern Canada, development of,132—— territories, agricultural possibilities in,38North lands, richness in timber,141North-West Company, origin of,23—— ——, floral fertility in the,73—— —— mounted police, establishment of,31—— ——, stories of the,119Nova Scotia, coal in,177,181—— ——, gold in,178—— ——, iron in,177—— ——, tin in,174,179—— ——, wolfram deposits in,179OOats, a good course for Manitoba,87——, annual yield of,42——, average yield from good farming,87——, best kinds to grow,87——, popularity of “Banner,”87——, yield from virgin soil,164Oil-fields, certainty of, in Alberta,186Oil, prospects of in Peace River district,229Ontario, copper in,178——, gold in,178——, iron in,177——, mineral possibilities of,182——, nickel in,178——, silver in,178Oncorhynchus, the,245O’Sullivan, Mr., on the climate in the northern territories,138PPalæozoic region, mineral products of the,182Paper making, operations in,64Passengers carried by the C.P.R.,116Paul Little Walker,209Peace River valley,227Pelican Portage,228Pelican, the fight of the, and theHudson’s Bay,19Petroleum, extent of fields,179——, prospects of in Peace River district,229Pigs, success in raising,98Platinum, location of deposits,178Ploughing, first, of the land,132Police methods in the North West,120Population, distribution of,111——, growth in U.S.A.,2Port Nelson,131Portage la Roche,203Portland cement, output from Quebec Province,42Potatoes, annual yield of,42——, average crop,164Potatoes, successful raising in Saskatchewan,197Prairie, animal life on the,260—— farming,83—— ——, preparing the ground,86—— fire, experiences in a,152—— fires, devastation of,237——, open air life on the,260—— Provinces, the,84—— ——, mineral wealth of,186Prince Albert,202—— Rupert,241Prosperity in farming, steps to,146Ptomaine poisoning, causes of,249Pulp-wood, abundance of in Central Saskatchewan,197Pyrites, location of deposits,179QQuebec, Act, the,13——, Dufferin Terrace,9——, first impressions,9——, the slums of,10—— Province, copper in,178—— ——, early colonising of,32—— ——, extent of,32—— ——, gold in,178—— ——, iron in,177—— ——, mineral output,42—— ——, mineral possibilities,182—— ——, mineral wealth of,41—— ——, prospecting in,33—— ——, prosperity in,33—— ——, value of forests,43RRailway building in Canada, some of the difficulties,117—— extensions in Canada,231——, projected new route to Europe,131Railway prospects in Northern Saskatchewan,200——, the Government’s first,110Ready-made farms,127Red Indian ethics, a typical example of,35—— —— raidings,23—— Indians, Government treatment of,217—— —— in Canada, proportion of,111—— ——, North-West, treaties with,30—— ——, aid in prospecting,34—— ——, mission stories of,207—— ——, teaching the, to read and write,214—— ——, the compact of 1807,26—— —— and Christianity,206—— —— and missionary effort,204—— —— and railway builders,119Red River district, first settlement in,26,27Reindeer Lake,198Riel rebellion, the first,29—— ——, the second rising,31—— ——, the, and the railway,122Roblin, the Hon. R. P.,84Robson, Mount, ascents of,238SSt. Lawrence bridge, the new,10Salmon, British Columbian, average sizes,249——, extraordinary quantities of,243—— Fisheries, history of inception,245—— ——, the, of British Columbia,242—— Fishermen, pay of,253—— ——, stories of,252Salmon, fluctuation of supply,254“Salmon” is not really Salmon,245Salmon, method of catching,248“Salmon,” species of,245Salmon, the best species for canning,248——, tinned, consumption of,254——, ——, process in producing,248,250Salt deposits, where worked,180—— found at Fort McMurray,228—— —— in the Athabasca region,186Saskatchewan,195——, abundance of fish in,198——, coal fields in,187——, fertility of northern section,196——, minerals in,177,186——, production of cereals,195——, stock raising in,197——, value of agricultural produce in,195Saw-fly, European, ravages of,37Saw-mill, in an up-to-date,64Scientific prospecting, Canadian Government’s interest in,33Selkirk, Lord, Centenary celebrations,170——, ——, his work,26——, ——, Reminiscences of,166Settlers, experiences of,seeImmigrants.Settlers and the C.P.R.,114Shaughnessy, Sir Thomas, and the carriage cleaners,129Sheep-farming, some experiences and opinions,97Sherbrooke, copper deposits at,174Silver-lead, in British Columbia,178Silver in Cobalt,178,184—— in Ontario,178Simpson’s Pass,238Smallholdings scheme of the C.P.R.,127Smith, Mr. J. Obed,2Split Lake,139Sporting, prospects in Canada,43Stocken, Canon H. W.,205Stock raising in Saskatchewan,197Sturgeon industry, the, in British Columbia,244Success in farming, requisites for,146Sudbury, nickel deposits at,143——, —— mines of,178Sulphur springs, region of,229Sunflowers as food,107Sunlight, duration of, in the North-West,145TTar-sands, discovery of, in Athabasca River,186Thlaspi arvense, prevalence of,261Timber, abundance of, around Lake St. John,37——, ——, in Northern Saskatchewan,198,200——, cutting, processes of,63—— in the North, considerable wealth of,141——, quantities of, in Vancouver,257——, size of in the Ile à la Crosse district,197Tin in Nova Scotia,179—— deposits, location of,174Tinned salmon, consumption of,253Tobacco, annual crop,42Tolstoy and the Dukhobors,101Toronto, its history,76——, life in,77Toronto, municipal administration of,78——, some particulars of the Exhibition,79——, the Exhibition, its inauguration,79——, the Garden City of Canada,77Touchwood,237Towns, rapid growth of,165Transatlantic service, the first,1—— travelling, some contrasts,6Transport on the lakes,122Travelling in pre-railway days,150Trees of British Columbia, unsuitability for paper making,68——, method of felling,258Trekking to a settlement,150Tyrrell, Mr. J. Burr, explorations in the North West,134UUnited States, comparison of mineral values,181Unknown lands in Canada enormous extent of,132Utrecht, treaty of,12VVancouver, richness of timber in,257Varnoe, experiences at,102Vegetable-growing, increasing demand for,98—— ——, prospects of, in the Far North,225Vegetable prospects in Northern Alberta,224Verigin, a visit to,101——, Mr. Peter M.,106WWaswanipi, cultivation at,40Water-power in Canada,55—— —— in Northern latitudes,203—— ——, utilisation of, at Niagara,53Waterways, utilising the,61Weeds, varieties of,162Western Canada-Europe, opening of new route,171Western Canada, in the old days,166Wheat, best grades for Manitoba,87——, excellence of, grown in Northern Saskatchewan,196,197——, superiority of Red Fyfe,87——, suitable kinds to grow,86——, yield from virgin soil,164Wheat-growing, conditions of success,88—— —— in Northern Alberta,223—— —— in the Far North,224,226“White coal,”51,55,203Wild fruits of Northern Saskatchewan,200—— mustard, prevalence of,261Winnipeg a century ago,169Winnipeg Centenary Exhibition,170——, early history of,29—— Exhibition, financial interest in,172Winter in the farming districts,162—— in the northern latitudes,198Wolfram, location of deposits,179Wood pulp industry, annual value of production,43——, processes of manufacture,63Work, willingness to, a necessity,161World’s Fair at Winnipeg,171YYellowhead Pass, scenery around,237Young, Mr. R. E., experiences of,133Yukon, coal in,188ZZones of Mineral deposits in Canada,181
Niagara, at the Power houses,53——, a visit to the Falls,47——, beneath the cascade,49——, distribution of power,55——, experiences at the cataract,50——, how it makes electricity,53Nickel deposits, chance discovery of,185—— ——, of, in Keewatin,144—— —— in Ontario,178Northern Canada, development of,132—— territories, agricultural possibilities in,38North lands, richness in timber,141North-West Company, origin of,23—— ——, floral fertility in the,73—— —— mounted police, establishment of,31—— ——, stories of the,119Nova Scotia, coal in,177,181—— ——, gold in,178—— ——, iron in,177—— ——, tin in,174,179—— ——, wolfram deposits in,179OOats, a good course for Manitoba,87——, annual yield of,42——, average yield from good farming,87——, best kinds to grow,87——, popularity of “Banner,”87——, yield from virgin soil,164Oil-fields, certainty of, in Alberta,186Oil, prospects of in Peace River district,229Ontario, copper in,178——, gold in,178——, iron in,177——, mineral possibilities of,182——, nickel in,178——, silver in,178Oncorhynchus, the,245O’Sullivan, Mr., on the climate in the northern territories,138PPalæozoic region, mineral products of the,182Paper making, operations in,64Passengers carried by the C.P.R.,116Paul Little Walker,209Peace River valley,227Pelican Portage,228Pelican, the fight of the, and theHudson’s Bay,19Petroleum, extent of fields,179——, prospects of in Peace River district,229Pigs, success in raising,98Platinum, location of deposits,178Ploughing, first, of the land,132Police methods in the North West,120Population, distribution of,111——, growth in U.S.A.,2Port Nelson,131Portage la Roche,203Portland cement, output from Quebec Province,42Potatoes, annual yield of,42——, average crop,164Potatoes, successful raising in Saskatchewan,197Prairie, animal life on the,260—— farming,83—— ——, preparing the ground,86—— fire, experiences in a,152—— fires, devastation of,237——, open air life on the,260—— Provinces, the,84—— ——, mineral wealth of,186Prince Albert,202—— Rupert,241Prosperity in farming, steps to,146Ptomaine poisoning, causes of,249Pulp-wood, abundance of in Central Saskatchewan,197Pyrites, location of deposits,179QQuebec, Act, the,13——, Dufferin Terrace,9——, first impressions,9——, the slums of,10—— Province, copper in,178—— ——, early colonising of,32—— ——, extent of,32—— ——, gold in,178—— ——, iron in,177—— ——, mineral output,42—— ——, mineral possibilities,182—— ——, mineral wealth of,41—— ——, prospecting in,33—— ——, prosperity in,33—— ——, value of forests,43RRailway building in Canada, some of the difficulties,117—— extensions in Canada,231——, projected new route to Europe,131Railway prospects in Northern Saskatchewan,200——, the Government’s first,110Ready-made farms,127Red Indian ethics, a typical example of,35—— —— raidings,23—— Indians, Government treatment of,217—— —— in Canada, proportion of,111—— ——, North-West, treaties with,30—— ——, aid in prospecting,34—— ——, mission stories of,207—— ——, teaching the, to read and write,214—— ——, the compact of 1807,26—— —— and Christianity,206—— —— and missionary effort,204—— —— and railway builders,119Red River district, first settlement in,26,27Reindeer Lake,198Riel rebellion, the first,29—— ——, the second rising,31—— ——, the, and the railway,122Roblin, the Hon. R. P.,84Robson, Mount, ascents of,238SSt. Lawrence bridge, the new,10Salmon, British Columbian, average sizes,249——, extraordinary quantities of,243—— Fisheries, history of inception,245—— ——, the, of British Columbia,242—— Fishermen, pay of,253—— ——, stories of,252Salmon, fluctuation of supply,254“Salmon” is not really Salmon,245Salmon, method of catching,248“Salmon,” species of,245Salmon, the best species for canning,248——, tinned, consumption of,254——, ——, process in producing,248,250Salt deposits, where worked,180—— found at Fort McMurray,228—— —— in the Athabasca region,186Saskatchewan,195——, abundance of fish in,198——, coal fields in,187——, fertility of northern section,196——, minerals in,177,186——, production of cereals,195——, stock raising in,197——, value of agricultural produce in,195Saw-fly, European, ravages of,37Saw-mill, in an up-to-date,64Scientific prospecting, Canadian Government’s interest in,33Selkirk, Lord, Centenary celebrations,170——, ——, his work,26——, ——, Reminiscences of,166Settlers, experiences of,seeImmigrants.Settlers and the C.P.R.,114Shaughnessy, Sir Thomas, and the carriage cleaners,129Sheep-farming, some experiences and opinions,97Sherbrooke, copper deposits at,174Silver-lead, in British Columbia,178Silver in Cobalt,178,184—— in Ontario,178Simpson’s Pass,238Smallholdings scheme of the C.P.R.,127Smith, Mr. J. Obed,2Split Lake,139Sporting, prospects in Canada,43Stocken, Canon H. W.,205Stock raising in Saskatchewan,197Sturgeon industry, the, in British Columbia,244Success in farming, requisites for,146Sudbury, nickel deposits at,143——, —— mines of,178Sulphur springs, region of,229Sunflowers as food,107Sunlight, duration of, in the North-West,145TTar-sands, discovery of, in Athabasca River,186Thlaspi arvense, prevalence of,261Timber, abundance of, around Lake St. John,37——, ——, in Northern Saskatchewan,198,200——, cutting, processes of,63—— in the North, considerable wealth of,141——, quantities of, in Vancouver,257——, size of in the Ile à la Crosse district,197Tin in Nova Scotia,179—— deposits, location of,174Tinned salmon, consumption of,253Tobacco, annual crop,42Tolstoy and the Dukhobors,101Toronto, its history,76——, life in,77Toronto, municipal administration of,78——, some particulars of the Exhibition,79——, the Exhibition, its inauguration,79——, the Garden City of Canada,77Touchwood,237Towns, rapid growth of,165Transatlantic service, the first,1—— travelling, some contrasts,6Transport on the lakes,122Travelling in pre-railway days,150Trees of British Columbia, unsuitability for paper making,68——, method of felling,258Trekking to a settlement,150Tyrrell, Mr. J. Burr, explorations in the North West,134UUnited States, comparison of mineral values,181Unknown lands in Canada enormous extent of,132Utrecht, treaty of,12VVancouver, richness of timber in,257Varnoe, experiences at,102Vegetable-growing, increasing demand for,98—— ——, prospects of, in the Far North,225Vegetable prospects in Northern Alberta,224Verigin, a visit to,101——, Mr. Peter M.,106WWaswanipi, cultivation at,40Water-power in Canada,55—— —— in Northern latitudes,203—— ——, utilisation of, at Niagara,53Waterways, utilising the,61Weeds, varieties of,162Western Canada-Europe, opening of new route,171Western Canada, in the old days,166Wheat, best grades for Manitoba,87——, excellence of, grown in Northern Saskatchewan,196,197——, superiority of Red Fyfe,87——, suitable kinds to grow,86——, yield from virgin soil,164Wheat-growing, conditions of success,88—— —— in Northern Alberta,223—— —— in the Far North,224,226“White coal,”51,55,203Wild fruits of Northern Saskatchewan,200—— mustard, prevalence of,261Winnipeg a century ago,169Winnipeg Centenary Exhibition,170——, early history of,29—— Exhibition, financial interest in,172Winter in the farming districts,162—— in the northern latitudes,198Wolfram, location of deposits,179Wood pulp industry, annual value of production,43——, processes of manufacture,63Work, willingness to, a necessity,161World’s Fair at Winnipeg,171YYellowhead Pass, scenery around,237Young, Mr. R. E., experiences of,133Yukon, coal in,188ZZones of Mineral deposits in Canada,181
Niagara, at the Power houses,53
——, a visit to the Falls,47
——, beneath the cascade,49
——, distribution of power,55
——, experiences at the cataract,50
——, how it makes electricity,53
Nickel deposits, chance discovery of,185
—— ——, of, in Keewatin,144
—— —— in Ontario,178
Northern Canada, development of,132
—— territories, agricultural possibilities in,38
North lands, richness in timber,141
North-West Company, origin of,23
—— ——, floral fertility in the,73
—— —— mounted police, establishment of,31
—— ——, stories of the,119
Nova Scotia, coal in,177,181
—— ——, gold in,178
—— ——, iron in,177
—— ——, tin in,174,179
—— ——, wolfram deposits in,179
O
Oats, a good course for Manitoba,87
——, annual yield of,42
——, average yield from good farming,87
——, best kinds to grow,87
——, popularity of “Banner,”87
——, yield from virgin soil,164
Oil-fields, certainty of, in Alberta,186
Oil, prospects of in Peace River district,229
Ontario, copper in,178
——, gold in,178
——, iron in,177
——, mineral possibilities of,182
——, nickel in,178
——, silver in,178
Oncorhynchus, the,245
O’Sullivan, Mr., on the climate in the northern territories,138
P
Palæozoic region, mineral products of the,182
Paper making, operations in,64
Passengers carried by the C.P.R.,116
Paul Little Walker,209
Peace River valley,227
Pelican Portage,228
Pelican, the fight of the, and theHudson’s Bay,19
Petroleum, extent of fields,179
——, prospects of in Peace River district,229
Pigs, success in raising,98
Platinum, location of deposits,178
Ploughing, first, of the land,132
Police methods in the North West,120
Population, distribution of,111
——, growth in U.S.A.,2
Port Nelson,131
Portage la Roche,203
Portland cement, output from Quebec Province,42
Potatoes, annual yield of,42
——, average crop,164
Potatoes, successful raising in Saskatchewan,197
Prairie, animal life on the,260
—— farming,83
—— ——, preparing the ground,86
—— fire, experiences in a,152
—— fires, devastation of,237
——, open air life on the,260
—— Provinces, the,84
—— ——, mineral wealth of,186
Prince Albert,202
—— Rupert,241
Prosperity in farming, steps to,146
Ptomaine poisoning, causes of,249
Pulp-wood, abundance of in Central Saskatchewan,197
Pyrites, location of deposits,179
Q
Quebec, Act, the,13
——, Dufferin Terrace,9
——, first impressions,9
——, the slums of,10
—— Province, copper in,178
—— ——, early colonising of,32
—— ——, extent of,32
—— ——, gold in,178
—— ——, iron in,177
—— ——, mineral output,42
—— ——, mineral possibilities,182
—— ——, mineral wealth of,41
—— ——, prospecting in,33
—— ——, prosperity in,33
—— ——, value of forests,43
R
Railway building in Canada, some of the difficulties,117
—— extensions in Canada,231
——, projected new route to Europe,131
Railway prospects in Northern Saskatchewan,200
——, the Government’s first,110
Ready-made farms,127
Red Indian ethics, a typical example of,35
—— —— raidings,23
—— Indians, Government treatment of,217
—— —— in Canada, proportion of,111
—— ——, North-West, treaties with,30
—— ——, aid in prospecting,34
—— ——, mission stories of,207
—— ——, teaching the, to read and write,214
—— ——, the compact of 1807,26
—— —— and Christianity,206
—— —— and missionary effort,204
—— —— and railway builders,119
Red River district, first settlement in,26,27
Reindeer Lake,198
Riel rebellion, the first,29
—— ——, the second rising,31
—— ——, the, and the railway,122
Roblin, the Hon. R. P.,84
Robson, Mount, ascents of,238
S
St. Lawrence bridge, the new,10
Salmon, British Columbian, average sizes,249
——, extraordinary quantities of,243
—— Fisheries, history of inception,245
—— ——, the, of British Columbia,242
—— Fishermen, pay of,253
—— ——, stories of,252
Salmon, fluctuation of supply,254
“Salmon” is not really Salmon,245
Salmon, method of catching,248
“Salmon,” species of,245
Salmon, the best species for canning,248
——, tinned, consumption of,254
——, ——, process in producing,248,250
Salt deposits, where worked,180
—— found at Fort McMurray,228
—— —— in the Athabasca region,186
Saskatchewan,195
——, abundance of fish in,198
——, coal fields in,187
——, fertility of northern section,196
——, minerals in,177,186
——, production of cereals,195
——, stock raising in,197
——, value of agricultural produce in,195
Saw-fly, European, ravages of,37
Saw-mill, in an up-to-date,64
Scientific prospecting, Canadian Government’s interest in,33
Selkirk, Lord, Centenary celebrations,170
——, ——, his work,26
——, ——, Reminiscences of,166
Settlers, experiences of,seeImmigrants.
Settlers and the C.P.R.,114
Shaughnessy, Sir Thomas, and the carriage cleaners,129
Sheep-farming, some experiences and opinions,97
Sherbrooke, copper deposits at,174
Silver-lead, in British Columbia,178
Silver in Cobalt,178,184
—— in Ontario,178
Simpson’s Pass,238
Smallholdings scheme of the C.P.R.,127
Smith, Mr. J. Obed,2
Split Lake,139
Sporting, prospects in Canada,43
Stocken, Canon H. W.,205
Stock raising in Saskatchewan,197
Sturgeon industry, the, in British Columbia,244
Success in farming, requisites for,146
Sudbury, nickel deposits at,143
——, —— mines of,178
Sulphur springs, region of,229
Sunflowers as food,107
Sunlight, duration of, in the North-West,145
T
Tar-sands, discovery of, in Athabasca River,186
Thlaspi arvense, prevalence of,261
Timber, abundance of, around Lake St. John,37
——, ——, in Northern Saskatchewan,198,200
——, cutting, processes of,63
—— in the North, considerable wealth of,141
——, quantities of, in Vancouver,257
——, size of in the Ile à la Crosse district,197
Tin in Nova Scotia,179
—— deposits, location of,174
Tinned salmon, consumption of,253
Tobacco, annual crop,42
Tolstoy and the Dukhobors,101
Toronto, its history,76
——, life in,77
Toronto, municipal administration of,78
——, some particulars of the Exhibition,79
——, the Exhibition, its inauguration,79
——, the Garden City of Canada,77
Touchwood,237
Towns, rapid growth of,165
Transatlantic service, the first,1
—— travelling, some contrasts,6
Transport on the lakes,122
Travelling in pre-railway days,150
Trees of British Columbia, unsuitability for paper making,68
——, method of felling,258
Trekking to a settlement,150
Tyrrell, Mr. J. Burr, explorations in the North West,134
U
United States, comparison of mineral values,181
Unknown lands in Canada enormous extent of,132
Utrecht, treaty of,12
V
Vancouver, richness of timber in,257
Varnoe, experiences at,102
Vegetable-growing, increasing demand for,98
—— ——, prospects of, in the Far North,225
Vegetable prospects in Northern Alberta,224
Verigin, a visit to,101
——, Mr. Peter M.,106
W
Waswanipi, cultivation at,40
Water-power in Canada,55
—— —— in Northern latitudes,203
—— ——, utilisation of, at Niagara,53
Waterways, utilising the,61
Weeds, varieties of,162
Western Canada-Europe, opening of new route,171
Western Canada, in the old days,166
Wheat, best grades for Manitoba,87
——, excellence of, grown in Northern Saskatchewan,196,197
——, superiority of Red Fyfe,87
——, suitable kinds to grow,86
——, yield from virgin soil,164
Wheat-growing, conditions of success,88
—— —— in Northern Alberta,223
—— —— in the Far North,224,226
“White coal,”51,55,203
Wild fruits of Northern Saskatchewan,200
—— mustard, prevalence of,261
Winnipeg a century ago,169
Winnipeg Centenary Exhibition,170
——, early history of,29
—— Exhibition, financial interest in,172
Winter in the farming districts,162
—— in the northern latitudes,198
Wolfram, location of deposits,179
Wood pulp industry, annual value of production,43
——, processes of manufacture,63
Work, willingness to, a necessity,161
World’s Fair at Winnipeg,171
Y
Yellowhead Pass, scenery around,237
Young, Mr. R. E., experiences of,133
Yukon, coal in,188
Z
Zones of Mineral deposits in Canada,181