A SHELLEY MANUSCRIPT

Were I to hear to-morrow that the main library of Harvard University, with every one of its 496,200 volumes, had been reduced to ashes, there is in my mind no question what book I should most regret. It is that unique, battered, dingy little quarto volume of Shelley’s manuscript poems, in his own handwriting and that of his wife, first given by Miss Jane Clairmont (Shelley’s “Constantia”) to Mr. Edward A. Silsbee, and then presented by him to the library. Not only is it full of that aroma of fascination which belongs to the actual handiwork of a master, but its numerous corrections and interlineations make the reader feel that he is actually traveling in the pathway of that delicate mind. Professor George E. Woodberry had the use of it; he printed in the “Harvard University Calendar” a facsimile of the “Ode to a Skylark” as given in the manuscript, and has cited many of its various readings in his edition of Shelley’s poems. But he has passed by a good many others; and some of these need, I think, for the sake of all students of Shelley, to be put in print, so that in case of the loss ordestruction of the precious volume, these fragments at least may be preserved.

There occur in this manuscript the following variations from Professor Woodberry’s text of “The Sensitive Plant”—variations not mentioned by him, for some reason or other, in his footnotes or supplemental notes, and yet not canceled by Shelley:—

“Three days the flowers of the garden fairLike stars when the moon is awakened, were.”III, 1-2.[Moonis clearlymornin the Harvard MS.]“And under the roots of the Sensitive Plant.”III, 100.[The prefatoryAndis not in the Harvard MS.]“But the mandrakes and toadstools and docks and darnelsRose like the dead from their ruined charnels.”III, 112.[The wordbramblesappears formandrakesin the Harvard MS.]

“Three days the flowers of the garden fairLike stars when the moon is awakened, were.”III, 1-2.

“Three days the flowers of the garden fairLike stars when the moon is awakened, were.”

“Three days the flowers of the garden fair

Like stars when the moon is awakened, were.”

III, 1-2.

[Moonis clearlymornin the Harvard MS.]

“And under the roots of the Sensitive Plant.”III, 100.

“And under the roots of the Sensitive Plant.”

III, 100.

[The prefatoryAndis not in the Harvard MS.]

“But the mandrakes and toadstools and docks and darnelsRose like the dead from their ruined charnels.”III, 112.

“But the mandrakes and toadstools and docks and darnelsRose like the dead from their ruined charnels.”

“But the mandrakes and toadstools and docks and darnels

Rose like the dead from their ruined charnels.”

III, 112.

[The wordbramblesappears formandrakesin the Harvard MS.]

These three variations, all of which are interesting, are the only ones I have noted as uncanceled in this particular poem, beyond those recorded by Professor Woodberry. But there are many cases where the manuscript shows, in Shelley’s own handwriting, variations subsequently canceled by him; and these deservestudy by all students of the poetic art. His ear was so exquisite and his sense of thebalanceof a phrase so remarkable, that it is always interesting to see the path by which he came to the final utterance, whatever that was. I have, therefore, copied a number of these modified lines, giving, first, Professor Woodberry’s text, and then the original form of language, as it appears in Shelley’s handwriting, italicizing the words which vary, and giving the pages of Professor Woodberry’s edition. The cancelation or change is sometimes made in pen, sometimes in pencil; and it is possible that, in a few cases, it may have been made by Mrs. Shelley.

“Gazed through clear dew on the tender sky.”“Gazed throughits tearson the tender sky.”I, 36.“The beams which dart from many a starOf the flowers whose hues they bear afar.”“The beams which dart from many asphereOf thestarryflowers whose hues they bear.”I, 81-82.“The unseen clouds of the dew, which lieLike fire in the flowers till the sun rides high,Then wander like spirits among the spheresEach cloud faint with the fragrance it bears.”“The unseen clouds of the dew, whichlayLike fire in the flowers tilldawning day,Thenwalklike spirits among the spheresEachonefaint with theodorit bears.”I, 86-89.“Like windless clouds o’er a tender sky.”“Like windless cloudsina tender sky.”I, 98.“Whose waves never mark, though they ever impress.”“Whose waves neverwrinkle, though they impress.”I, 106.“Was as God is to the starry scheme,”“Was asis Godto the starry scheme.”I, 4.“As if some bright spirit for her sweet sakeHad deserted heaven while the stars were awake.”“As some bright spirit for her sweet sakeHad desertedtheheaven while the stars were awake.”II, 17-18.“The freshest her gentle hands could pull.”“The freshest her gentle hands couldcull.”II, 46.“The sweet lips of the flowers and harm not, did she.”“The sweet lips of flowers,” etc.II, 51.“Edge of the odorous cedar bark.”“Edge of the odorouscypressbark.”II, 56.“Sent through the pores of the coffin plank.”“Ranthrough,” etc.III, 12.“Between the time of the wind and the snow.”“Between theterm,” etc. [probably accidental].III, 50.“Dammed it up with roots knotted like water-snakes.”“Dammed it with,” etc.III, 69.“At noon they were seen, at noon they were felt.”“At noon they were seen & noon they were felt.”III, 73.[“&” perhaps written carelessly for “at.”]“Their decay and sudden flight from frost.”“Their decay and sudden flight fromthefrost.”III, 98.“To own that death itself must be.”“Tothinkthat,” etc.III, 128.

“Gazed through clear dew on the tender sky.”“Gazed throughits tearson the tender sky.”I, 36.

“Gazed through clear dew on the tender sky.”

“Gazed throughits tearson the tender sky.”

I, 36.

“The beams which dart from many a starOf the flowers whose hues they bear afar.”“The beams which dart from many asphereOf thestarryflowers whose hues they bear.”I, 81-82.

“The beams which dart from many a starOf the flowers whose hues they bear afar.”

“The beams which dart from many a star

Of the flowers whose hues they bear afar.”

“The beams which dart from many asphereOf thestarryflowers whose hues they bear.”

“The beams which dart from many asphere

Of thestarryflowers whose hues they bear.”

I, 81-82.

“The unseen clouds of the dew, which lieLike fire in the flowers till the sun rides high,Then wander like spirits among the spheresEach cloud faint with the fragrance it bears.”“The unseen clouds of the dew, whichlayLike fire in the flowers tilldawning day,Thenwalklike spirits among the spheresEachonefaint with theodorit bears.”I, 86-89.

“The unseen clouds of the dew, which lieLike fire in the flowers till the sun rides high,Then wander like spirits among the spheresEach cloud faint with the fragrance it bears.”

“The unseen clouds of the dew, which lie

Like fire in the flowers till the sun rides high,

Then wander like spirits among the spheres

Each cloud faint with the fragrance it bears.”

“The unseen clouds of the dew, whichlayLike fire in the flowers tilldawning day,Thenwalklike spirits among the spheresEachonefaint with theodorit bears.”

“The unseen clouds of the dew, whichlay

Like fire in the flowers tilldawning day,

Thenwalklike spirits among the spheres

Eachonefaint with theodorit bears.”

I, 86-89.

“Like windless clouds o’er a tender sky.”“Like windless cloudsina tender sky.”I, 98.

“Like windless clouds o’er a tender sky.”

“Like windless cloudsina tender sky.”

I, 98.

“Whose waves never mark, though they ever impress.”“Whose waves neverwrinkle, though they impress.”I, 106.

“Whose waves never mark, though they ever impress.”

“Whose waves neverwrinkle, though they impress.”

I, 106.

“Was as God is to the starry scheme,”“Was asis Godto the starry scheme.”I, 4.

“Was as God is to the starry scheme,”

“Was asis Godto the starry scheme.”

I, 4.

“As if some bright spirit for her sweet sakeHad deserted heaven while the stars were awake.”“As some bright spirit for her sweet sakeHad desertedtheheaven while the stars were awake.”II, 17-18.

“As if some bright spirit for her sweet sakeHad deserted heaven while the stars were awake.”

“As if some bright spirit for her sweet sake

Had deserted heaven while the stars were awake.”

“As some bright spirit for her sweet sakeHad desertedtheheaven while the stars were awake.”

“As some bright spirit for her sweet sake

Had desertedtheheaven while the stars were awake.”

II, 17-18.

“The freshest her gentle hands could pull.”“The freshest her gentle hands couldcull.”II, 46.

“The freshest her gentle hands could pull.”

“The freshest her gentle hands couldcull.”

II, 46.

“The sweet lips of the flowers and harm not, did she.”“The sweet lips of flowers,” etc.II, 51.

“The sweet lips of the flowers and harm not, did she.”

“The sweet lips of flowers,” etc.

II, 51.

“Edge of the odorous cedar bark.”“Edge of the odorouscypressbark.”II, 56.

“Edge of the odorous cedar bark.”

“Edge of the odorouscypressbark.”

II, 56.

“Sent through the pores of the coffin plank.”“Ranthrough,” etc.III, 12.

“Sent through the pores of the coffin plank.”

“Ranthrough,” etc.

III, 12.

“Between the time of the wind and the snow.”“Between theterm,” etc. [probably accidental].III, 50.

“Between the time of the wind and the snow.”

“Between theterm,” etc. [probably accidental].

III, 50.

“Dammed it up with roots knotted like water-snakes.”“Dammed it with,” etc.III, 69.

“Dammed it up with roots knotted like water-snakes.”

“Dammed it with,” etc.

III, 69.

“At noon they were seen, at noon they were felt.”“At noon they were seen & noon they were felt.”III, 73.

“At noon they were seen, at noon they were felt.”

“At noon they were seen & noon they were felt.”

III, 73.

[“&” perhaps written carelessly for “at.”]

“Their decay and sudden flight from frost.”“Their decay and sudden flight fromthefrost.”III, 98.

“Their decay and sudden flight from frost.”

“Their decay and sudden flight fromthefrost.”

III, 98.

“To own that death itself must be.”“Tothinkthat,” etc.III, 128.

“To own that death itself must be.”

“Tothinkthat,” etc.

III, 128.

These comparisons are here carried no further than “The Sensitive Plant,” except thatthere is a canceled verse of Shelley’s “Curse” against Lord Eldon for depriving him of his children,—a verse so touching that I think it should be preserved. The verse beginning—

“By those unpractised accents of young speech,”

opened originally as follows:—

“By that sweet voice which who could understandTo frame to sounds of love and lore divine,Not thou.”

“By that sweet voice which who could understand

To frame to sounds of love and lore divine,

Not thou.”

This was abandoned and the following substituted:—

“By those pure accents which at my commandShould have been framed to love and lore divine,Now like a lute, fretted by some rude hand,Uttering harsh discords, they must echo thine.”

“By those pure accents which at my command

Should have been framed to love and lore divine,

Now like a lute, fretted by some rude hand,

Uttering harsh discords, they must echo thine.”

This also was erased, and the present form substituted, although I confess it seems to me both less vigorous and less tender. Professor Woodberry mentions the change, but does not give the canceled verse. In this and other cases I do not venture to blame him for the omission, since an editor must, after all, exercise his own judgment. Yet I cannot but wish that he had carried his citation, even of canceled variations, a little further; and it is evident that some future student of poetic art will yet find rich gleanings in the Harvard Shelley manuscript.

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