Adelphous, a-del′fus,adj.(bot.) united in brotherhoods or bundles, as stamens. [Gr.adelphos, brother.]
Adenitis, ad-en-ī′tis,n.inflammation of the lymphatic glands. [Gr.adēn, a gland,-itis, denoting inflammation.]
Adenoid,-al, ad′en-oid, -al,adj.of a gland-like shape: glandular. [Gr.adēn, a gland,eidos, form.]
Adenotomy, ad-en-ot′o-mi,n.a cutting or incision of a gland. [Gr.adēn, a gland,tomē, a cutting.]
Adept, ad-ept′, orad′ept,adj.completely skilled (in).—n.a proficient.—n.Adep′tion(Bacon), attainment. [L.adeptus(artem), having attained (an art),pa.p.ofadipisci, to attain—ad, to, andapisci.]
Adequate, ad′e-kwāt,adj.equal to: proportionate: sufficient.—adv.Ad′equately.—ns.Ad′equateness,Ad′equacy, state of being adequate: sufficiency. [L.adæquatus, made equal—ad, to, andæquus, equal.]
Ades,n.an obsolete variant ofHades.
Adhere, ad-hēr′,v.i.to stick to: to remain fixed or attached (withto): (Shak.) to be consistent: (Scots law) to affirm a judgment.—n.Adher′ence, state of adhering: steady attachment.—adj.Adher′ent, sticking to.—n.one who adheres: a follower: a partisan (withof)—a less common form isAdher′er. [L.ad, to,hærēre,hæsum, to stick.]
Adhesion, ad-hē′zhun,n.the act of adhering or sticking to: steady attachment: (path.) a vital union between two surfaces of a living body which have been either naturally or artificially separated.—adj.Adhes′ive, sticky: apt to adhere.—adv.Adhes′ively.—n.Adhes′iveness. [SeeAdhere.]
Adhibit, ad-hib′it,v.t.to apply to: to use: to attach: to admit: to devote to: to administer.—n.Adhibi′tion, application: use. [L.adhibēre,-itum—ad, to, andhabēre, to hold.]
Adiantum, ad-i-an′tum,n.maidenhair, a large genus of ferns. [Gr.adiantos,a, neg., anddiantos, capable of being wetted.]
Adiaphoron, a-di-af′or-on,n.pl.in theology and ethics, things indifferent—any tenet or usage which is considered as non-essential—alsoAdiaph′ora.—n.Adiaph′orism, tolerance in regard to non-essential points in theology.—adj.Adiaph′orous. [Gr., froma, neg., anddiaphoros, differing—dia, apart,pherein, to carry.]
Adiathermic, ā-dī-a-thėr′mik,adj.impervious to radiant heat. [Gr.a, neg.,dia, through,thermos, heat.]
Adieu, a-dū′,adv.(I commend you) to God: farewell.—n.a farewell:—pl.AdieusorAdieux(a-dūz′). [Fr.à Dieu, to God.]
Adipocere, ad′i-pō-sēr,n.a fatty, waxy substance resulting from the decomposition of animal bodies in moist places or under water, but not exposed to air. [Through Fr. from L.adeps,adipis, soft fat, andcera, wax.]
Adipose, ad′i-pōz,adj.fatty.—Adipose tissue, the vesicular structure in the animal body which contains the fat. [L.adeps,adipis, soft fat.]
Adit, ad′it,n.an opening or passage, esp. into a mine. [L.aditus—ad, to,īre,itum, to go.]
Adjacent, ad-jās′ent,adj.lying near to: contiguous.—n.Adjac′ency, the state of being near: that which is adjacent.—adv.Adjac′ently. [L.ad, to,jacēre, to lie.]
Adjective, ad′jek-tiv,n.a word added to a noun to qualify it, or limit it by reference to quality, number, or position.—adj.Adjectīv′al.—adv.Ad′jectively. [L.adjectivum (nomen), an added (noun)—adjicĕre,-jectum, to throw to, to add—ad, to,jacĕre, to throw.]
Adjoin, ad-join′,v.i.to lie next to.—adj.Adjoin′ing, joining to: near: adjacent.—n.Ad′joint, a civil officer who assists a French maire: an assistant professor in a French college. [Through Fr. from L.adjungĕre. SeeJoin.]
Adjourn, ad-jurn′,v.t.to put off to another day: to postpone: to discontinue a meeting in order to reconstitute it at another time or place.—v.i.to suspend proceedings and disperse for any time specified, orsine die, without such time being specified.—n.Adjourn′ment, the act of adjourning: the interval it causes.—(obs.)Adjourn′al. [O. Fr.ajorner—Low L.adiurnāre—L.ad, to, Low L.jurnus, L.diurnus, daily. SeeJournal.]
Adjudge, ad-juj′,v.t.to decide: to assign.—n.Adjudg′ment, the act of adjudging: sentence. [O. Fr.ajuger—L.adjudicāre. SeeJudge.]
Adjudicate, ad-jōō′di-kāt,v.t.to determine judicially: to pronounce.—v.i.to pronounce judgment.—ns.Adjudicā′tion(Eng. law), an order of the Bankruptcy Court, adjudging the debtor to be a bankrupt, and transferring his property to a trustee;Adjū′dicator. [L.adjudicāre,-ātum.]
Adjunct, ad′junkt,adj.joined or added to.—n.the thing joined or added, as a qualifying addition to a name expressing any personal quality, or the like: a person joined to another in some office or service: (gram.) any word or clause enlarging the subject or predicate: (logic) any accompanying quality or non-essential attribute.—n.Adjunc′tion, the act of joining: the thing joined.—adj.Adjunct′ive, joining.—advs.Adjunct′ively,Adjunct′ly, in connection with. [L. SeeJoin.]
Adjuration, ad-jōōr-ā′shun,n.the act of adjuring: the charge or oath used in adjuring.—adj.Adjur′atory, containing an adjuration.—p.adj.Adjur′ing, acting as an adjuration. [Fr.—L.adjuration-em.]
Adjure, ad-jōōr′,v.t.to charge on oath or solemnly: to cause to swear (B.andMilton). [L.—ad, to,jurāre,-ātum, to swear.]
Adjust, ad-just′,v.t.to arrange properly (withto): to regulate: to settle.—adj.Adjust′able.—n.Adjust′ment, arrangement. [O. Fr.ajouster—Low L.adjuxtāre, to put side by side—L.juxta, near].
Adjutage, ad′joo-tāj,n.Same asAjutage.
Adjutant, ad′joot-ant,n.a regimental staff officer not above the rank of major, specially appointed to assist the commanding officer of a garrison or regiment—there are also adjutants of auxiliary forces, of depôts, of brigade, &c.: a large species of stork or crane found in India.—ns.Ad′jutancy, the office of an adjutant: assistance;Ad′jutant-gen′eral, the head of his department on the general staff of the army, the executive officer of the commander-in-chief. [L.adjutāre=adjuvāre—ad, to,juvāre, to assist.]
Admeasure, ad-mezh′ūr,v.t.to measure: to apportion:—pr.p.admeas′ūring;pa.p.admeas′ūred.—n.Admeas′urement(seeMeasurement). [Fr.—Late L.admensurāre—L.ad, to,mensura,Measure.]
Adminicle, ad-min′i-kl,n.anything that aids or supports: an auxiliary: (law) any corroboratory evidence.—adj.Adminic′ular.—v.t.andv.i.Adminic′ulate. [L.adminiculum, a support—ad, to,manus, hand.]
Administer, ad-min′is-tėr,v.t.to manage as a steward, substitute, or executor: to supply: to conduct or execute, as offices of religion: to apply: to impose.—v.i.to bring aid (with to).—adjs.Admin′istrable, that may be administered;Admin′istrant.—n.Administrā′tion, the act of administering: management: dispensation of sacraments: the power or party that administers the government of the country.—adj.Admin′istrative, that administers.—n.Administrā′tor, one who manages or directs: the person to whom is committed, under a commission entitledLetters of Administration, the administration or distribution of the personal estate of any one dying intestate or leaving a will in which no executor is named:—fem.Administrā′trix.—n.Administrā′torship. [Through Fr. from L.administrāre—ad, to, andministrāre, to minister.]
Admiral, ad′mir-al,n.the chief commander of a navy—the ancient English title of Lord High Admiral is now in abeyance, his functions falling to the five Lord Commissioners of the Admiralty, and the High Court of Admiralty: a naval officer of the highest rank. In the British navy, admirals are distinguished into three classes—Ad′mirals,Vice′-ad′mirals, andRear′-ad′mirals; the admiral carrying his colour at the main, the vice-admiral at the fore, and the rear-admiral at the mizzen mast-head. In former times each grade was subdivided into three sections, known as admirals (or vice- or rear-admirals) of the Red, of the White, and of the Blue, respectively: admiral-ship (Milton'sammiral) or flag-ship: the chief ship in a fleet of merchantmen.—ns.Ad′miralship, the office of an admiral;Ad′miralty, the board of commissioners for the administration of naval affairs: the building where these transact business. [Through Fr. from Ar.amīr, a lord, a chief.]
Admire, ad-mīr′,v.t.to have a high opinion of: to love.—v.i.(arch.) to be affected with wonder at.—adj.Ad′mirable, worthy of being admired.—n.Ad′mirableness.—adv.Ad′mirably.—ns.Admir′ance(Spens.), admiration;Admirā′tion, the act of admiring: wonder, together with esteem, love, or veneration: (B.,Shak., andMilton) astonishment.—adj.Ad′mirative.—n.Admīr′er, one who admires: a lover.—adv.Admīr′ingly. [Fr.admirer—L.ad, at,mirāri, to wonder.]
Admit, ad-mit′,v.t.to allow to enter: to let in: to concede: to acknowledge: to be capable of:—pr.p.admit′ting;pa.p.admit′ted.—n.Admissibil′ity.—adj.Admis′sible, that may be admitted or allowed (generally, or specially as legal proof).—ns.Admis′sion,Admit′tance, the act of admitting: anything admitted or conceded: leave to enter.—adj.Admit′table, that may be admitted.—adv.Admit′tedly. [Through Fr. from L.admittĕre,-missum—ad, to,mittĕre, to send.]
Admix, ad-miks′,v.t.to mix with something else.—n.Admix′ture, what is added to the chief ingredient of a mixture. [L.ad, to, andMix.]
Admonish, ad-mon′ish,v.t.to warn: to reprove mildly.—n.Admon′ishment, admonition. [O. Fr.admonester—Late L.admonestāre—admonere—ad, to,monere, to warn.]
Admonition, ad-mon-ish′un,n.kind reproof: counsel: advice: ecclesiastical censure.—adjs.Admon′itive,Admon′itory, containing admonition.—n.Admon′itor. [L.admonition-em. SeeAdmonish.]
Adnascent, ad-nas′ent,adj.growing to or upon. [L.adnascens,-entis, pr.p. ofadnasci—ad, to,nasci,natus, to grow.]
Adnate, ad-nāt′,adj.(bot.) growing close to the stem. [L.adnatus, usuallyagnatus—ad, to,(g)natus, born.]
Ado, a-dōō′,n.a to do: bustle: trouble: difficulty: stir or fuss. [Contr. ofat do=to do, a form of the infin. borrowed from the Scandinavian.]
Adobe, a-dō′bā,n.andadj.a sun-dried brick, or made of such. [Sp.adobar, to plaster.]
Adolescent, ad-o-les′ent,adj.growing to manhood.—n.Adoles′cence, the period of youth, in man, from 14 to 25; in woman, from 12 to 21. [Through Fr. from L.adolescent-em,adolescĕre, to grow,adolēre, to magnify.]
Adonis, a-dō′nis,n.a beautiful youth, beloved by Aphrodite (Venus): a beau or dandy.—v.t.andv.i.Ad′onise, to make beautiful.
Adoors, a-dōrz′,adv.(obs.) at doors: at the door. [Prep,a, at, andDoor.]
Adopt, ad-opt′,v.t.to choose: to take up or embrace: to take into any relationship: to take as one's own what is another's, as a child, &c.—ns.Adop′tianism, an 8th-century heresy akin to Nestorianism, that Christ, in respect of his divine nature, was doubtless the Son of God; but that, as to his human nature, he was only declared and adopted to be the first-born Son of God;Adop′tion, the act of adopting: the state of being adopted: assumption: the taking into one language of words from another: formal acceptance: choice: (theol.) an act of divine grace by which the redeemed in Christ are admitted to the privileges of the sons of God.—adjs.Adop′tious(Shak.), adopted;Adopt′ive, that adopts or is adopted. [L.adoptāre—ad, to, and,optāre, to choose.]
Adore, ad-ōr′,v.t.to worship: to love intensely.—adj.Ador′able, worthy of being adored.—n.Ador′ableness.—adv.Ador′ably.—ns.Adorā′tion, divine worship, homage: profound regard;Ador′er, one who adores: a lover.—adv.Ador′ingly. [L.ad, to,orāre, to pray. SeeOracle.]
Adorn, ad-orn′,v.t.to deck or dress: to embellish.—n.(Spens.) adornment.—adj.(Milton) adorned, ornate.—n.Adorn′ment, ornament: decoration. [O. Fr.aörner,adorner—L.adornāre—ad, to,ornāre, to furnish.]
Adown, a-down′,adv.andprep.down. [A.S.of-dúne—of, from,dun, a hill. SeeDown, a bank.]
Adrad, a-drad′,Adread,a-dred′,adj.(obs.) in a state of fear. [Prob. from A.S.of-drad,of-drede, to terrify. SeeDread.]
Adrift, a-drift′,adj.oradv.floating as driven (by the wind): moving at random. [Prep.a, andDrift.]
Adroit, a-droit′,adj.dexterous: skilful.—adv.Adroit′ly.—n.Adroit′ness. [Fr.à droit, according to right—L.directus, straight. SeeDirect.]
Adry, a-drī′,adv.thirsty. [Pfx.a-, andDry.]
Adscititious, ad-sit-ish′us,adj.added or assumed: additional. [L.adsciscĕre,-scītum, to take or assume—ad, to,sciscĕre, to inquire—scīre, to know.]
Adscript, ad′skript,adj.written after: attached to the soil, of feudal serfs—in this sense also used as a noun. [L.adscriptus—ad, to,scribĕre, to write.]
Adulate, ad′ū-lāt,v.t.to fawn upon, to flatter:—pr.p.ad′ūlāting;pa.p.ad′ūlāted.—n.Ad′ulator, a servile flatterer.—adj.Adulatory(ad′ū-lā-tor-i). [L.adulāri,adulatus, to fawn upon.]
Adulation, ad-ū-lā′shun,n.fawning: flattery. [L.adulāri,adulatus, to fawn upon.]
Adullamite, ad-ul′am-īt,adj.an inhabitant of Adullam, where was a cave to which flocked from all sides to David in exile men in debt, distress, or discontent (1 Sam. xxii. 1, 2). The name was applied by John Bright in 1866 to a Whig secession from the Liberal party.
Adult, ad-ult′,adj.grown: mature.—n.a grown-up person.—n.Adult′ness. [L.adultus—adolescĕre, to grow. SeeAdolescent.]
Adulterate, ad-ult′ėr-āt,v.t.to corrupt: to make impure (by mixing).—v.i.(obs.) to commit adultery.—adj.defiled by adultery: spurious: corrupted by base elements.—ns.Adult′erant, the person or substance that adulterates;Adulterā′tion, the act of adulterating: the state of being adulterated. [SeeAdultery.]
Adultery, ad-ult′ėr-i,n.violation of the marriage-bed, whether one's own or another's: in Scripture applied loosely to unchastity generally.—n.Adult′erer, a man guilty of adultery:—fem.Adult′eress.—adj.Adult′erine, resulting from adultery: spurious.—n.the offspring of adultery.—v.t.andv.i.Adult′erise(arch.).—adj.Adult′erous, guilty of adultery. [O. Fr.avoutrie,avoutre, an adulterer—L.adulterum, prob. fromad, to, andalter, another. The modern form of the word is due to a later approximation to the Latin form.]
Adumbrate, ad-um′brāt, orad′-,v.t.to give a faint shadow of: to exhibit imperfectly.—adjs.Adum′brant,Adum′brative, adumbrating or giving a faint shadow.—n.Adumbrā′tion. [L.adumbratus,adumbrāre—ad, to,umbra, a shadow.]
Adust, a-dust′,adj.burnt up or scorched; browned with the sun. [L.adustus, pa.p. ofadurĕre, to burn up.]
Advance, ad-vans′,v.t.to put forward: to promote to a higher office: to encourage the progress of: to propose: to supply beforehand: to pay before the money is legally due, to pay on security.—v.i.to move or go forward: to make progress: to rise in rank or in value.—n.progress: improvement: a rise in price or value: a giving beforehand, also the sum so given: a loan.—n.Advance′ment, promotion: improvement: payment of money in advance.—In advance, beforehand. [O. Fr.avancer—Late L.abante(Fr.avant)—L.ab ante, from before.]
Advantage, ad-vant′āj,n.superiority over another: gain or benefit: at tennis, the point gained by either side afterdeuce, when both sides stand at an equal score (more commonlyVant′age).—v.t.to benefit or profit.—adjs.Advan′tageable, profitable: convenient (rare);Advantā′geous, of advantage: useful (withtoandfor).—adv.Advantā′geously.—n.Advantā′geousness.—To have the advantage of any one, to be known by a person without one's self knowing him;To take at advantage, to avail one's self of any opportunity, often implying an unfair sense. [Fr.avantage(It.vantaggio)—Fr.avant, before. SeeAdvance.]
Advene, ad-vēn′,v.i.to accede: to be superadded to. [Through Fr. from L.advenīre, to come to.]
Advent, ad′vent,n.a coming or arrival: the first or the second coming of Christ: the period immediately before the festival of the Nativity, including four Sundays—from the first after St Andrew's Day (November 30) to Christmas eve.—n.Ad′ventist, one who believes in the second coming of Christ to set up a kingdom on the earth: a millenarian—adj.Advent′ual(obs.), relating to Advent. [Through Fr. from L.adventus—ad, to,venīre, to come.]
Adventitious, ad-vent-ish′us,adj.accidental: additional: foreign: appearing casually.—adv.Adventi′tiously.—adj.Advent′ive(Bacon), adventitious.—n.a thing or person coming from without. [SeeAdvent.]
Adventure, ad-vent′ūr,n.a risk or chance: a remarkable incident: an enterprise: trial of the issue: risk: a commercial speculation: the spirit of enterprise.—v.i.to attempt or dare.—v.t.to risk or hazard: (refl.) to venture.—v.i.to risk one's self (withon,into,upon): to dare, go so far as to.—n.Advent′urer, one who engages in hazardous enterprises: a soldier of fortune, or speculator: one who pushes his fortune by equivocal means, as false pretences, &c.:—fem.Advent′uress.—adjs.Advent′urous,Advent′uresome, enterprising: ready to incur risk.—adv.Advent′urously.—n.Advent′urousness. [O. Fr.—L.adventurus, about to happen, fut. perf. ofadvenīre. SeeAdvent.]
Adverb, ad′vėrb,n.a word added to a verb, adjective, or other adverb to express some modification of the meaning or an accompanying circumstance.—adj.Adverb′ial, pertaining to an adverb—used also as an.—adv.Adverb′ially. [L.ad verbium—ad, to,verbum, a word. It is so called, not because it is added to a verb, but because it is a word (verbum) joined to, or supplemental of, other words.]
Adversaria, ad-vėrs-ār′i-a,n.pl.collections of miscellaneous things in a commonplace-book: consecutive notes on any book. [L., lit. things written on the opposite sides of the paper, fromadversus, against.]
Adversary, ad′vėrs-ar-i,n.an opponent: an enemy: Satan, as the general adversary of mankind. [O. Fr.aversier—L.adversarius. SeeAdverse.]
Adversative, ad-vėrs′a-tiv,adj.denoting opposition, contrariety, or variety. [SeeAdverse.]
Adverse, ad′vėrs,adj.acting in a contrary direction (withto): opposed to: unfortunate: injurious.—adv.Ad′versely.—ns.Ad′verseness,Advers′ity, adverse circumstances: affliction: misfortune. [Through Fr. from L.adversus—ad, to, andvertĕre,versum, to turn.]
Advert, ad-vėrt′,v.i.to turn the mind to (withto): to refer to: (obs.) to regard or observe.—ns.Advert′ence,Advert′ency, attention to: heedfulness: regard.—adj.Advert′ent, attentive: heedful.—adv.Advert′ently. [O. Fr.avertir,avertiss-ant—L.advertĕre—ad, to, andvertĕre, to turn.]
Advertise, ad-vėrt-īz′, orad′-,v.t.to turn one's attention to: to inform: to give public information or announcement of: (obs.) to instruct.—ns.Advert′isement, the act of advertising or making known: a public notice in a newspaper or periodical: notoriety: (obs.) news;Advertīs′er, one who advertises: a paper in which advertisements are published.—p.adj.Advertīs′ing(Shak.), attentive. [Fr., from L. SeeAdvert.]
Advice, ad-vīs′,n.counsel: intelligence (usually inpl.): formal official intelligence about anything: specially skilled opinion, as of a physician or lawyer.—n.Advice′-boat, a swift vessel employed in conveying despatches.—adjs.Advice′ful,Avize′full(Spens.).—The formAdviso, advice, counsel (Sir T. Browne), and inCaraval of adviso= an advice-boat (Fuller), is obsolete—modern formAviso. [O. Fr.advis(Fr.avis)—L.ad visum, according to what is seen or seems best.]
Adview. Same asAview.
Advise, ad-vīz′,v.t.to give advice or counsel to: to recommend: to inform (usually withof).—v.i.to consult (with): (obs.) to deliberate:—pr.p.advīs′ing;pa.p.advīsed′.—ns.Advisabil′ity,Advis′ableness.—adj.Advis′able, that may be advised or recommended: prudent: expedient: open to advice.—adv.Advis′ably.—adjs.Advis′atory(rare);Advised′, cautious: deliberate, as inwell-advisedandill-advised.—adv.Advis′edly, intentionally.—ns.Advis′edness, deliberate consideration: prudent procedure;Advise′ment(obs.orarch.), counsel, deliberation;Advis′er, one who advises or gives advice;Advis′ing(Shak.), counsel, advice. [O. Fr.aviser, fromadvisoravis. SeeAdvice.]
Advocacy, ad′vo-ka-si,n.the function of an advocate: a pleading for: defence. [SeeAdvocate.]
Advocate, ad′vo-kāt,n.an intercessor or defender: one who pleads the cause of another, esp. in a court of law in Scotland and France.—v.t.to plead in favour of: to recommend.—ns.Advocā′tion;Ad′vocator.—Lord Advocate, the first law-officer of the crown and public prosecutor of crimes for Scotland. [O. Fr.avocat—L.advocatus—advocāre,-ātum—ad, to,vocāre, to call: to call in (another to help, as in a lawsuit or in sickness).]
Advoutrer, ad-vow′trėr,n.(obs.) an adulterer:—fem.Advou′tress. [SeeAdvoutry.]
Advoutry, ad-vow′tri,n.(obs.) adultery. [O. Fr.avoutrie—L.adulterium.]
Advowson, ad-vow′zun,n.the right of patronage or presentation to a church benefice.—n.Advowee′, one who has the right of advowson. [O. Fr.avoëson—L.advocation-em, right of the patron—L.advocatus, a patron.]
Adynamic, ā-di-nam′ik,adj.without strength: (phys.) characterised by the absence of force. [Gr.a, neg., anddynamis, strength.]
Adytum, ad′i-tum,n.the most sacred part of a heathen temple: the chancel of a church:—pl.Ad′yta. [L.—Gr.adyton—a, neg., anddyein, to enter.]
Adze,Adz, adz,n.a carpenter's tool consisting of a thin arched blade with its edge at right angles to the handle. [A.S.adesa; ultimate origin unknown.]
Ae, ā, or yā, modern Scotch form of A.S.án, one, used as an adjective.
Ædile,Edile, ē′dīl,n.a magistrate in ancient Rome who had the charge of public buildings, games, markets, police, &c.—n.Æ′dileship. [L.ædīlis,ædes,-is, a building.]
Ægis, ē′jis,n.(orig.) a shield given by Jupiter to Minerva: anything that protects. [L.—Gr.aígis.]
Æglogue, an archaic form ofEclogue.
Ægrotat, ē′grō-tät,n.in the English universities, a medical certificate of inability from illness to attend lectures or examinations.—n.Æger(ē′jėr), sick, the word used at Oxford and Cambridge in excusing absence on account of illness, hence a note certifying a student to beægeror sick. [L., 'he is sick,' 3d pers. sing. pres. indic. ofægrotāre, to be sick;æger, sick.]
Æneid, ē′nē-id,n.an epic poem written by Virgil, the hero of which is Æneas. [L.Æneis,-idos.]
Æolian, ē-ō′li-an,adj.pertaining to or acted on by the wind: aerial: of Æolis or Æolia, a district of Asia Minor colonised by the Greeks.—AlsoÆ′ōlic. [Æolus, the god of the winds.]
Æolipile, ē-ol′i-pīl,n.an instrument consisting of a hollow ball of metal partly filled with water, and having a small orifice through which steam escapes on the application of heat, thus turning the ball. It is the first instrument on record for showing the power of steam. [From L.Æolus, andpila, ball.]
Æon,Eon, ē′on,n.a period of time, an age or one of a series of ages, eternity: the personification of an age, a power emanating from the supreme Deity, with its share in the creation and government of the universe.—adj.Æō′nian, eternal. [Gr.aiōn.]
Aerate, ā′ėr-āt,v.t.to put air into: to supply, or cause to mix, with carbonic acid or other gas, asAerated waters.—ns.A′erator, an apparatus for such purpose;Aerā′tion, exposure to the action of air: the mixing or saturating with a gas: the oxygenation of the blood by respiration. [L.aër, air.]
Aerial, ā-ēr′i-al,adj.belonging to the air: inhabiting or existing in the air: elevated, lofty, ethereal.—ns.Aerial′ity,Aer′ialness.—adv.Aer′ially.
Aerie, ā′ri, orē′ri,n.the nest of any bird of prey, esp. an eagle: a house perched on some high or steep place: (Shak.) the brood in the nest, or a stock of children.—AlsoAery,Eyrie,Eyry. [O. Fr.aire; Low L.aeria,aerea—L.area, a spot of level ground. The formEyryseems to have been originally due to a confusion with M. E.ey, an egg.]
Aeriferous, ā-ėr-if′ėr-us,adj.carrying or containing air. [L.aër, air, andferre, to carry.]
Aeriform, ā′ėr-i-form,adj.having the form or nature of air or gas: unsubstantial, unreal. [L.aër, air, andforma, form.]
Aerify, ā′ėr-i-fī,v.t.to change from a solid or liquid state into air or gas: to fill or combine with air.—n.Aerificā′tion, act of being aerified or changed from a solid or liquid state into air or gas: act of combining air with anything: state of being filled with air. [L.aër, air, andfacĕre, to make.]
Aerobia, ā-ėr-ō′bi-a,n.pl.(biol.) bacteria that require free oxygen for the maintenance of their vitality.—adj.Aerō′bic.
Aerodynamics, ā-ėr-o-di-nam′iks,n.the science of the motion of the air and other gases, and of their mechanical effects when in motion. [Gr.aēr,aeros, air, anddynamis, power.]
Aerolite, ā′ėr-o-līt,n.a meteoric stone or meteorite—alsoA′erolith.—n.Aerolithol′ogy, that branch of science which treats of aerolites.—adj.Aerolit′ic. [Gr.aēr, air,lithos, a stone.]
Aerology, ā-ėr-ol′o-ji,n.the branch of science which treats of the atmosphere.—adj.Aerolog′ical.—n.Aerol′ogist. [Gr.aēr,aeros, air,logos, discourse.]
Aeromancy, ā-ėr-om′an-si,n.divination by means of atmospheric phenomena: weather forecasting. [Fr.—L.—Gr.aēr, air,manteia, divination.]
Aerometer, ā-ėr-om′e-tėr,n.an instrument for measuring the weight or density of air and gases. [Gr.aēr, andMeter.]
Aerometry, ā-ėr-om′e-tri,n.the measuring of the air, now called pneumatics.—adj.Aeromet′ric. [Gr.aēr,aeros, air,metron, a measure.]
Aeronaut, ā′ėr-o-nawt,n.one who makes ascents in a balloon.—adjs.Aeronaut′ic,Aeronaut′ical.—n.Aeronaut′ics, the science or art of aerial navigation. [Gr.aēr, air,nautēs, sailor.]
Aerophyte, ā′ėr-o-fīt,n.a plant nourished by the air, as epiphytal orchids and many lichens. [Gr.aēr, air,phyton, a plant.]
Aerostat, ā′ėr-o-stat,n.a machine formed to sustain weights in the air: a flying machine—sometimes applied in the newspapers to the aeronaut himself.—adj.Aerostat′ic—n.Aerostā′tion, the art of raising and guiding balloons. [Gr.aēr,aeros, air, andstatos, standing—histēmi, I cause to stand.]
Aerostatics, ā-ėr-o-stat′iks,n.the science of the equilibrium of air or of elastic fluids: the science of raising and guiding balloons. [Gr.aēr, air,statikos, relating to equilibrium. SeeStatics.]
Æruginous, ē-roo′ji-nus,adj.pertaining to or like copper-rust or verdigris. [L.æruginosus—ærugo,æruginis, rust of copper—æs,æris, brass, copper.]
Aery, ā′ėr-i,adj.aerial, incorporeal, spiritual, visionary.—adj.Ae′rylight(Milton), light as air.—As a noun,Aeryis a variant spelling ofAerie.
Æsthetics, ēs-thet′iks,n.the feeling of beauty in objects, the principles of taste and of art: the philosophy of the fine arts.—n.Æs′thete, a professed disciple of æstheticism, one who affects an extravagant love of art.—adjs.Æsthet′ic,Æsthet′ical, pertaining to æsthetics.—adv.Æsthet′ically.—ns.Æstheti′cian,Æsthet′icist, one devoted to æsthetics;Æsthet′icism, the principles of æsthetics: the cult of the beautiful, applied esp. to an art movement in London in the last quarter of the 19th century, which aimed at carrying art into every home and every relation of life, but made itself ridiculous by its fantastic and superficial dogmatism, and its puerility.—v.t.Æsthet′icize, to render æsthetic, to refine. [Gr.aisthētikos, perceptive—aisthanesthai, to feel or perceive.]
Æstival, es-tī′val,adj.pertaining to the summer. [L.æstivalis—æstas, summer.]
Æstivation, es-ti-vā′shun,n.(bot.) the manner of folding of the petals in the flower-bud: (zool.) the act of remaining dormant during the dry season—opposed toHibernation: (Bacon) the passing of the summer: a summer retreat. [L.æstivus, relating to summer—æstas, summer.]
Æthrioscope, ē′thri-o-skōp,n.an instrument for measuring the minute variations of temperature due to the condition of the sky. [Gr.aithria, the open sky,skopos, an observer.]
Ætiology, ē-ti-ol′o-ji,n.the science or philosophy of causation, esp. an inquiry into the origin and causes of a disease.—adj.Ætiolog′ical. [L.—Gr.aitiologia—aitia, cause,logos, discourse.]
Afar, a-fär′,adv.from a far distance (usually preceded byfrom): to a distance (usually followed byoff). [A.S.feor, with prep.oforon. SeeFar.]
Afear,Affear, a-fēr′,v.t.(obs.) to terrify.—adj.Afeard′(Shak.), affected with fear, afraid. [Pfx.a-, and A.S.færan, to frighten.]
Affable, af′fa-bl,adj.condescending: easy to be spoken to (used withto).—ns.Affabil′ity,Af′fableness.—adv.Af′fably. [Fr.—L.affabilis—affāri, to speak to—ad, to, andfāri, to speak.]
Affair, af-fār′,n.that which is to be done: business: any small matter: a battle of minor importance: a matter of intimate personal concern, as a duel—a so-called affair of honour, or an intrigue: (pl.) transactions in general: public concerns. [O. Fr.afaire(Fr.affaire)—àandfaire—L.ad, andfacĕre, to do. Cf.Ado.]
Affamish, af-fam′ish,v.t.andv.i.(obs.) to cause to perish from hunger. [Fr.affamer—L.ad, to,fames, hunger.]
Affect, af-fekt′,v.t.to act upon: to produce a change upon: to move the feelings: to assign, apply (only inpass.).—adj.Affect′ed, touched with a feeling either for or against (withby): full of affectation: feigned.—adv.Affect′edly.—n.Affect′edness.—adj.Affect′ing, having power to move the passions: pathetic.—adv.Affect′ingly. [L.afficĕre,affectum—ad, to,facĕre, to do.]
Affect, af-fekt′,v.t.to make a show or pretence of, to assume, to counterfeit or pretend to, to take upon one's self to: (obs.) to aim at, seek to obtain: (arch.) have a liking for, to love: to practise, wear, or frequent: to haunt or inhabit by preference.—n.Affectā′tion, a striving after, or an attempt to assume, what is not natural or real: pretence. [L.affectāre, freq. ofafficĕre. SeeAffectabove.]
Affection, af-fek′shun,n.kindness or love: attachment: (Shak.) affectation: an attribute or property: a disposition of mind: a disease or abnormal state of body or mind.—adjs.Affec′tional;Affec′tionate, full of affection: loving: (obs.) eager, passionate, well inclined to;Affec′tionated(obs.).—adv.Affec′tionately.—n.Affec′tionateness.—adj.Affec′tioned(B.), affected, disposed: (Shak.) full of affectation. [L. SeeAffect.]
Affeer, af-fēr′,v.t.to fix the market value of: to reduce to a certain fixed sum.—adj.Affeered′(Shak.), confirmed.—n.Affeer′ment. [O. Fr.affeurer—Low L.afforāre—L.ad, to,forum, a market.]
Afferent, af′fėr-ent,adj.(anat.) bringing to, applied to the nerves that convey sensations to the nerve centres. [L.afferens—ad, to, andferre, to carry.]
Affettuoso, af-fet-tōō-ō′so,adj.andadv.(mus.) tender, tenderly, with feeling—used as a noun by Burke.
Affiance, af-fī′ans,n.faith pledged to: marriage contract: trust: affinity (in,on).—v.t.to pledge faith: to betroth.—adj.andn.Affī′anced, betrothed. [O. Fr.afiance,afier—L.ad, to,fides, faith.]
Affidavit, af-fi-dā′vit,n.a written declaration on oath. [Affidavit, 3d pers. sing. perf. of a Low L.affidāre, to pledge one's faith.]
Affied(arch.),pa.p.ofAffy.
Affiliate, af-fil′i-āt,v.t.to receive into a family as a son, or into a society as a member: to attach to, or connect with, as minor colleges with a university: to impute paternity to, to attribute to, to father on or upon.—n.Affiliā′tion, the act of receiving into a family or society as a member: (law) the assignment of an illegitimate child to its father, the assignment of anything to its origin. [L.affiliāre, to adopt—ad, to,filius, a son.]
Affine, af-fīn′,n.(obs.) a relation, connection.—adjs.Affine′,Affined′, related, bound by some tie. [O. Fr.—L.affinis, neighbouring—ad, to, at,finis, a boundary.]
Affinity, af-fin′i-ti,n.nearness of kin, agreement, or resemblance: causal relationship: structural resemblance between languages of ultimately common origin: structural resemblance between plants, animals, or minerals pointing to identity of stock: relationship by marriage, opposed to consanguinity or relationship by blood: (B.) social relationship: the spiritual relationship between sponsors and their godchild: a mysterious attraction supposed to exist between two persons: (chem.) the peculiar attraction between the atoms of two simple substances that makes them combine to form a compound.—adj.Affin′itive. [Fr.—L.affinitas—affinis, neighbouring—ad, at,finis, boundary.]
Affirm, af-fėrm′,v.t.to assert confidently or positively: to ratify a judgment: to confirm or maintain a statement of one's own or another's: (log.) to make a statement in the affirmative: (law) to make a formal declaration or affirmation, without an oath.—adj.Affirm′able, that may be affirmed (withof).—n.Affirm′ance, affirmation, assertion, confirmation.—adj.Affirm′ant—alson., one who affirms.—n.Affirmā′tion, act of asserting: that which is affirmed: (law) the solemn declaration made by Quakers and others incapable of taking an oath.—adj.andn.Affirm′ative, that affirms or asserts: positive, not negative: dogmatic.—adv.Affirm′atively.—adj.Affirm′atory. [O. Fr.afermer—L.affirmāre—ad,firmus, firm. SeeFirm.]
Affix, af-fiks′,v.t.to fix to: to add: to attach (to,on,upon).—n.Af′fix, an addition to a root, stem, or word, to modify its meaning or use, whetherprefixorsuffix: any appendage or addition. [L.affigĕre,-fixum—ad, to,figĕre, to fix. SeeFix.]
Afflation, af-flā′shun,n.a breathing upon.—p.adj.Afflat′ed, inspired. [From L.afflāre,flātum—ad, to, andflāre, to breathe.]
Afflatus, af-flā′tus,n.inspiration, as of the poet or orator: esp. religious inspiration, the divine afflatus = L.afflatus divinus. [SeeInflation.]
Afflict, af-flikt′,v.t.to give continued pain, distress, or grief: to harass, or vex.—pa.p.Afflict′ed, harassed by disease of body or mind: suffering.—adj.Afflict′ing, distressing.—n.Afflic′tion, state or cause of pain or distress: misery: loss of friends, sickness, persecution. &c.—adj.Afflict′ive, causing distress. [L.affligĕre,flictum—ad, to,fligĕre, to dash to the ground.]
Affluent, af′flōō-ent,adj.abounding: wealthy (within).—n.a stream flowing into a river or lake.—ns.Af′fluence, abundance: wealth;Af′fluency(obs.).—adv.Af′fluently.—n.Af′fluentness. [L.affluĕre,affluent-em—ad, to,fluĕre, to flow.]
Afflux, af′fluks,Affluxion,af-flux′shun,n.a flowing to: an accession. [L.affluĕre,affluxum. SeeAffluent.]
Afforce, af-fōrs′,v.t.(law) to reinforce a jury or other deliberative body by specially skilled persons.—n.Afforce′ment. [O. Fr.aforcer—Low L.exfortiāre—L.fortis, strong.]
Afford, af-fōrd′,v.t.to yield or produce: to be able to sell, to expend, or to bear the expense of. [M. E.aforthen, from A.S.geforthianorforthian, to further or cause to come forth.]
Afforest, af-for′est,v.t.to turn land into forest.—n.Afforestā′tion. [Low L.afforestāre—L.ad, to, andforesta. SeeForest.]
Affranchise, af-fran′chiz,v.t.to free from slavery, or from some obligation. [O. Fr.afranchir,afranchiss-, fromà, to,franchir, to free,franc, free. SeeFrank.]
Affrap, af-frap′,v.t.orv.i.(Spens.) to strike or strike down. [It.affrappare—af(ad), to, andfrappāre(Fr.frapper), to strike.]
Affray, af-frā′,n.a fight causing alarm: a brawl or fray: terror (Spens.).—v.t.to startle: to frighten: esp. inpa.p.Affrayed′= afraid. [O. Fr.afrayer,esfreer(Fr.effrayer)—Low L.exfrediāre, to break the king's peace—L.ex, and Old High Ger.fridu(Ger.friede), peace.]
Affret, af-fret′,n.(Spens.) a furious onset. [Prob. from It.affrettare, to hasten.]
Affriended, af-frend′ed,adj.(Spens.) made friends: reconciled.
Affright, af-frīt′,v.t.to frighten—alsoAffright′en.—n.Affright′, sudden terror.—pa.p.Affright′ed, frightened.—adv.Affright′edly.—adj.Affright′ful(arch.).—n.Affright′ment, sudden fear. [A.S.afyrhtan. SeeFright.]
Affront, af-frunt′,v.t.to meet face to face: to insult openly: (Shak.) to throw one's self in the way of.—n.contemptuous treatment: an open insult: disgrace.—adj.Affronté,fem.Affrontée, facing each other: (her.) of animals represented front to front, or expectant—opp. toAddorsed; also looking frontwise, or toward the beholder.—p.adj.Affront′ed, insulted, offended.—adj.Affront′ive.—To put an affront upon,To offer an affront to= to openly insult a person. [O. Fr.afronter—Low L.affrontāre—L.ad, to,front-, the forehead.]
Affusion, af-fū′zhun,n.the act of pouring upon or sprinkling.—Baptism by affusion is effected by the pouring of water on the subject, as distinct from baptism by dipping, or baptism by sprinkling. [L.affusion-em,affundĕre—ad, to,fundĕre,fusum, to pour.]
Affy, af-fī′,v.t.(obs.) to pledge one's faith to, to betroth.—v.i.to trust or confide:—pr.p.affy′ing;pa.p.affīed′. [O. Fr.afier—Low L.affīdāre—ad, to,fides, faith. SeeAffiance.]
Afield, a-fēld′,adv.to, in, or on the field.
Afire, a-fīr′,adv.on fire: in a state of inflammation.
Aflame, a-flām′,adj.andadv.flaming: glowing. [Pfx.a-, andFlame.]
Afloat, a-flōt′,adv.oradj.floating: at sea: unfixed: in circulation.
Afoot, a-foot′,adv.on foot: astir.
Afore, a-fōr′,prep.(B.andShak.) beforehand, previously.
Aforehand, a-fōr′hand,adv.before the regular time of accomplishment: in advance.
Aforesaid, a-fōr′sed,adj.said or named before.
Aforethought, a-fōr′thawt,adj.thought of or meditated before: premeditated.
Aforetime, a-fōr′tīm,adv.in former or past times.
Afoul, a-fowl′,adj.oradv.entangled: in collision (withof).
Afraid, a-frād′,adj.struck with fear: timid. [SeeAffray.]
Afresh, a-fresh′,adv.anew.
African, af′rik-an,adj.pertaining to Africa—alsoAf′ric.—ns.Af′rican, a native of Africa;Africand′er, one born of white parents in Cape Colony or other parts of South Africa. [L.Africus,Africanus—Afer, African.]
Afrit, a-frit′,n.an evil demon in Arabian mythology.—AlsoAfreet′. [Ar.‛ifrīt, a demon.]
Afront, a-frunt′,adv.(obs.) in front.
Aft, aft,adj.oradv.behind: near or towards the stern of a vessel. [A.S.æft-an.]
After, aft′ėr,prep.andadv.behind in place: later in time: following in search of: in imitation of: in proportion to, or in agreement with: concerning: subsequent to, or subsequently: afterward: after the manner of, or in imitation of.—adj.behind in place: later in time: more toward the stern of a vessel. [A.S.æfter, comp. ofaf, orof, the primary meaning being 'more off,' 'farther away;'-teras a comparative affix is seen in L.al-ter, Eng.o-ther. SeeOf.]
Afterbirth, aft′ėr-bėrth,n.the placenta and membranes which are expelled from the uterus of the mother after the birth.
Afterclap, aft′ėr-klap,n.an unexpected event happening after an affair is supposed to be at an end.
Aftercrop, aft′ėr-krop,n.a second crop in the same year.
After-damp, aft′ėr-damp,n.choke-damp, arising in coal-mines after an explosion of fire-damp.
Aftereye, aft-ėr-ī′,v.t.(Shak.) to look after.
Aftergame, aft′ėr-gām,n.a second game played to reverse the issue of the first, hence the means employed after the first turn of affairs.
Afterglow, aft′ėr-glō,n.the glow often seen in the sky after sunset.
Afterguard, aft′ėr-gärd,n.the men on the quarter-deck and poop who work the after sails, not needing to go aloft: a drudge or person in a mean capacity.
After-hands, af′ter-handz,n.pl.(Tenn.) future labourers.
After-image, aft′ėr-im′āj,n.the image that remains for a brief period after the eye has been withdrawn from the object.
Afterings, aft′ėr-ingz,n.the last milk drawn in milking.
Aftermath, aft′ėr-math,n.a second mowing of grass in the same season. [SeeMow,Meadow.]
Aftermost, aft′ėr-mōst,adj.hindmost. [A.S.æftemest; Goth.af-tuma,-tuma, being equiv. to L.-tumusinop-tumus, best. Goth. has alsoaf-tum-ists= A.S.æf-tem-est, which is thus a double superlative.—Thus in aftermost,ris intrusive and-mostis not the adv.most.]
Afternoon, aft′ėr-nōōn,n.the time between noon and evening.—n.Aft′er-morn(Tenn.), the morrow.
Afterpains, aft′ėr-pānz,n.the pains which succeed childbirth and the expulsion of the afterbirth.
Afterpiece, aft′ėr-pēs,n.a farce or other minor piece performed after a play.
Aftersupper, aft′ėr-sup-pėr,n.the time between supper and bedtime.
Afterthought, aft′ėr-thawt,n.thought or reflection after an action: a later thought.
Afterward, aft′ėr-ward,Afterwards,aft′ėr-wardz,adv.in after-time: later: subsequently. [A.S.æftenweard.]
Aga,Agha, ā′ga,n.a Turkish commander or chief officer. [Turk.aghā, Pers.ak,aka, a lord.]
Again, a-gen′,adv.once more: in return: back. [A.S.on-geán, again, opposite; Ger.ent-gegen.]
Against, a-genst′, alsoa-gānst′,prep.opposite to: in opposition to: in contact or collision with: in provision for: in exchange for, instead of: (B.andShak.) by the time that, elliptically for 'against (the time) at which' or 'that I come.' [Formed fromagain, with genitive ending-es, aswhilstfromwhile—the-tbeing a later addition, as inamongs-t,amids-t, &c.]
Agami, ag′a-mi,n.the golden-breasted trumpeter, a grallatorial bird of South America. [Native name.]
Agamogenesis, a-gam-o-jen′e-sis,n.reproduction without sex, found among lower animals and in plants. [Gr.a, priv.,gamos, marriage,genesis, reproduction.]
Agamous, ag′a-mus,adj.(bot.) having no visible flowers or organs of fructification. [Gr.agamos—a, neg., andgamos, marriage.]
Agape, ag′a-pē,n.a love-feast, held by the early Christians at communion time, when contributions were made for the poor:—pl.Ag′apæ.—n.Agapem′onē(Gr., 'love abode'), a community of religious visionaries with unedifying ideas about the sexual relations, founded in 1859 at Charlinch, near Bridgwater, by one H. J. Prince, formerly an Anglican clergyman. [Gr.agapē, love.]
Agape, a-gāp′,adj.oradv.gaping from wonder, expectation, or attention. [Lit., 'on gape.']
Agaric, ag′ar-ik,n.a family of fungi, including the mushroom. [Gr.agarikon.]
Agastric, a-gas′trik,adj.having no stomach. [Gr.a, neg., andgastēr, stomach.]
Agate, ag′āt,n.a precious stone composed of layers of quartz, of different tints.—adj.Agatif′erous. [Gr.achatēs, said to be so called because first found near the riverAchatesin Sicily.]
Agate, a-gāt′,adv.agoing, on the way. [Prep.a, andGate; a northern word.]
Agave, a-gā′ve,n.a genus of herbaceous plants, natives of the warmer parts of America, which in Mexico usually flower about the seventh or eighth year, the stem rising to a height of forty feet. It is called also the American Aloe and Century Plant, receiving the latter name from the number of years (40-60, popularly a hundred) it takes to flower in our hot-houses.
Agazed, a-gāzd′,adj.(Shak.) struck with amazement. [Prob. a variant ofAghast.]
Age, āj,n.the ordinary length of human life: the time during which a person or thing has lived or existed: mature years: legal maturity (at 21 years), or time of life with regard to crime, contracts, marriage, &c.: a period of time: any great period of human history, as the Golden Age, the Bronze Age, the Middle Ages, or of individual history, as the age of infancy, the five—or seven—so-called ages of man: a generation of men: a century.—v.i.to grow old:—pr.p.āg′ing;pa.p.āg′ed.—adj.Aged(āj′ed), advanced in age: having a certain age.—n.pl.old people.—n.Agedness(āj′ed-nes), condition of being aged or old.—adjs.Age′less;Age′long. [O. Fr.edage(Fr.âge)—L.ætas=ævitas—L.ævum, age; cog. withEver.]
Agen, a-gen′,adv.Same asAgain.
Agenda, aj-end′a,n.things to be done: a memorandum-book: (obs.) a ritual. [L.agendus, fut. perf. pass. ofagĕre, to do.]
Agent, āj′ent,n.a person or thing that acts or exerts power: any natural force acting on matter: one authorised or delegated to transact business for another.—n.Ag′ency, the office or business, operation or action, of an agent; instrumentality.—Law agent, a general term in Scotland, including Writers to the Signet, Solicitors to the Supreme Court, and Procurators in the sheriff courts—the requirements are an indentured apprenticeship of five years to a law agent, the passing of examinations in general knowledge and in law, and formal admission by the Court of Session. [L.agĕre, to do. SeeAct.]
Agglomerate, ag-glom′ėr-āt,v.t.to make into a ball: to collect into a mass.—v.i.to grow into a mass.—adjs.Agglom′erate,Agglom′erated, collected into a heap or mass.—n.Agglomerā′tion, a growing or heaping together: a mass: a cluster.—adj.Agglom′erative. [Agglomerāre,-ātum—ad, to, L.glomus,glomeris, a ball. SeeClew,Globe.]
Agglutinate, ag-glōōt′in-āt,v.t.to cause to adhere by glue or cement.—adj.Agglut′inant, uniting or causing to stick together.—ns.Agglut′inate,Agglut′inative, a classification formerly much used in contrast toinflectional, to describe such languages as Turkish, which show, in the words of Whitney, an inferior degree of integration in the elements of their words, or of unification of words, the suffixes and prefixes retaining a certain independence of one another and of the root or stem to which they are added;Agglutinā′tion, the act of uniting, as by glue: adhesion of parts.—adj.Agglut′inative, tending to or having power to cause adhesion. [L.agglutināre—ad, to,gluten, glue. SeeGlue.]
Aggrace, ag-grās′,v.t.(Spens.) to grace, to favour.—n.kindness: favour. [Low L.aggratiāre—L.ad, to,gratia, grace.]
Aggrandise, ag′grand-īz,v.t.to make great or larger: to make greater in power, rank, or honour.—ns.Aggrandisā′tion;Aggrandisement(ag′grand-īz-ment,orag-grand′iz-ment),act of aggrandising: state of being aggrandised. [Fr., from L.ad, to, andgrandis, large.]
Aggrate, ag-grāt′,v.t.(obs.) to gratify or please. [It.aggratare—L.ad, to,gratus, pleasing. SeeGrace.]
Aggravate, ag′grav-āt,v.t.to make worse: to provoke.—adj.Ag′gravating.—adv.Ag′gravatingly.—n.Aggravā′tion, a making worse: any quality or circumstance which makes a thing worse: an exaggeration. [L.aggravāre—ad, to,gravis, heavy. SeeGrave.]
Aggregate, ag′greg-āt,v.t.to collect into a mass: to accumulate.—v.i.(rare) to add as a member to a society: to combine with.—adj.formed of parts taken together.—n.the sum total.—adv.Ag′gregately.—n.Aggregā′tion, act of aggregating: state of being collected together: an aggregate.—adj.Ag′gregative. [L.aggregāre,-ātum, to bring together, as a flock—ad, to,grex,gregis, a flock.]
Aggress, ag-gres′,v.i.to make a first attack: to begin a quarrel: to intrude.—adj.Aggress′ive, making the first attack, or prone to do so: offensive as opposed to defensive.—ns.Aggress′iveness;Aggress′or, one who attacks first. [L.aggredi,-gressus—ad, to,gradi, to step.]
Aggression, ag-gresh′un,n.first act of hostility or injury: a breach of the peace: an attack on public privileges. [L.aggredi,-gressus—ad, to,gradi, to step.]
Aggrieve, ag-grēv′,v.t.to press heavily upon: to pain or injure. [O. Fr.agrever(Sp.agraviar)—L.ad, to, andgravis, heavy. SeeGrief,Grieve.]
Aghast, a-gast′,adj.stupefied with horror. [Properlyagast; M. E.agasten, to terrify; A.S. intens. pfx.á-, andgæstan, to terrify. The primary notion of the rootgæs-(Goth.gais-) is to fix, stick; to root to the spot with terror. SeeGaze.]
Agile, aj′il,adj.active: nimble.—n.Agil′ity, quickness of motion: nimbleness—alsoAg′ileness. [Fr.—L.agilis—agĕre, to do or act.]
Agio, ā′ji-o,n.the difference between the real and nominal value of money, or between metallic and paper money: the variations from fixed pars or rates of exchange: discount. [It.agio,aggio, ease, convenience.]
Agiotage, aj′i-o-tāj,n.exchange business, hence the manœuvres of speculators to raise or depress the funds: stock-jobbing.
Agist, a-jist′,v.t.to take in the cattle of others to graze for a certain sum: to charge lands or the like with any public burden.—ns.Agist′ment, the action of agisting: the price paid for cattle pasturing on the land: a burden or tax;Agist′or,Agist′er, an officer who takes charge of cattle agisted. [O. Fr.agister—L.jacitāre,jacēre, to lie.]
Agitate, aj′i-tāt,v.t.to keep moving: to stir violently: to disturb: to discuss, or keep up the discussion of a question.—n.Agitā′tion, commotion: perturbation of mind: discussion: public excitement.—adj.Ag′itative.—n.Ag′itator, one who excites or keeps up a public agitation. [L.agitāre, freq. ofagĕre, to put in motion. SeeAct.]
Aglet,Aiglet, ā′glet,n.the tag or point of the lace or string by which different parts of dress were fastened together, orig. to facilitate passing through the eyelet-holes, afterwards themselves ornamental, like Shakespeare'saglet-baby, and still surviving in the so-calledaiguillettesor tagged points of braid hanging from the shoulder in some military and naval uniforms: a technical name for white stay-laces. [Fr.aiguillette, dim. ofaiguille, a needle—from L.acucula=acicula, dim. ofacus, a needle.]