Fundamental, fun-da-ment′al,adj.essential, basal, primary: important.—n.that which serves as a groundwork: an essential.—ns.Fund′ament, the lower part or seat of the body;Fundamental′ity.—adv.Fundament′ally. [Fr.,—L.fundamentum,fundāre, to found.]
Fundus, fun′dus,n.the bottom of anything: (anat.) the rounded base of a hollow organ. [L.]
Funeral, fū′nėr-al,n.burial: the ceremony, &c., connected with burial.—adj.pertaining to or used at a burial.—adjs.Funēb′rial,Funēb′ral,Funēb′rious;Fū′nerary,Funēr′eal, pertaining to or suiting a funeral: dismal: mournful. [O. Fr.,—Low L.funeralis—L.funus,funĕris, a funeral procession.]
Funest, fū-nest′,adj.causing or portending death, lamentable. [Fr.,—L.funestus, destructive.]
Fungibles, fun′ji-blz,n.pl.(law) movable effects which perish by being used, and which are estimated by weight, number, and measure. [Low L.fungibilis—L.fungi, to perform. SeeFunction.]
Fungus, fung′gus,n.one of the lowest of the great groups of cellular cryptogams, including mushrooms, toadstools, mould, &c.: proud-flesh formed on wounds:—pl.Fungi(fun′jī),orFunguses(fung′gus-ez).—adjs.Fung′al,Fungā′ceous, like a fungus;Fun′gic(′jik),Fun′giform, having the form of a fungus;Fungiv′orous, feeding on mushrooms;Fung′oid, resembling a mushroom.—ns.Fungol′ogist, a student of fungi;Fungol′ogy, the science of fungi;Fungos′ity, quality of being fungous.—adj.Fung′ous, of or like fungus: soft: spongy: growing suddenly: ephemeral. [L.fungus, a mushroom—Gr.sphonggos,sponggos, a sponge.]
Funicle, fū′ni-kl,n.a small cord or ligature: a fibre.—adj.Fūnic′ūlar.—n.Fūnic′ūlus, the umbilical cord.—Funicular railway, a cable-railway, esp. one ascending a hill. [L.funiculus, dim. offunis, a cord.]
Funk, fungk,n.(coll.) abject terror or fright.—v.i.andv.t.to shrink through fear: to shirk.—adj.Funk′y.
Funk, fungk,n.touchwood: a spark. [Cf. Dut.vonk.]
Funk, fungk,v.t.to stifle with smoke. [Ety. dub.]
Funkia, funk′i-a,n.a genus ofLiliaceæallied to the day lilies, native to China. [From the German botanist, H. C.Funck, 1771-1839.]
Funnel, fun′el,n.a tube or passage for the escape of smoke, &c.: an instrument (smaller at one end than the other) for pouring fluids into bottles, &c.—adj.Funn′elled, provided with a funnel.—n.Funn′el-net, a net shaped like a funnel. [Prob. through Fr. from L.infundibulum—fundĕre, to pour.]
Funnel, fun′el,n.(prov.) the offspring of a stallion and a she-ass.—AlsoFumm′el.
Funny, fun′i,adj.full of fun: droll: perplexing, odd.—adv.Funn′ily.—ns.Funn′iness,Funn′iment.—Funny bone, a popular name given to what is really the comparatively unprotected ulnar nerve, which, when struck by a blow, shoots a singular tingling sensation down the forearm to the fingers;Funny man, the clown in a circus.
Funny, fun′i,n.a light clinker-built pleasure-boat, with a pair of sculls.
Fur, fur,n.the short, fine hair of certain animals: their skins with the fur prepared for garments: rabbits, hares, as opposed to partridges, pheasants (feathers): (Milt.) kind or class, from the idea of particular furs being worn by way of distinction: a fur-like coating on the tongue, the interior of boilers, &c.—v.t.to line with fur: to cover with morbid fur-like matter:—pr.p.fur′ring;pa.p.furred.—adj.Furred, made of fur, provided with fur.—ns.Fur′rier, a dealer in furs and fur goods;Fur′riery, furs in general: trade in furs;Fur′ring, fur trimmings: a coating on the tongue: strips of wood fastened on joists, &c., to make a level surface or provide an air-space: strips of wood nailed on a wall to carry lath.—adj.Fur′ry, consisting of, covered with, or dressed in fur. [O. Fr.forre,fuerre, sheath.]
Furacious, fū-rā′shus,adj.thievish.—ns.Furā′ciousness,Furac′ity.
Furbelow, fur′be-lō,n.the plaited border of a gown or petticoat, a flounce. [Fr., It., and Sp.falbala; of unknown origin. The word simulates an English form—fur-below.]
Furbish, fur′bish,v.t.to purify or polish: to rub up until bright: to renovate. [O. Fr.fourbiss-,fourbir, from Old High Ger.furban, to purify.]
Furcate, fur′kāt,adj.forked: branching like the prongs of a fork—alsoFur′cated.—ns.Furcā′tion, a forking or branching out;Fur′cifer, a genus of South American deer with furcate antlers.—adjs.Furcif′erous, of insects bearing a forked appendage;Fur′ciform, fork-shaped.—n.Fur′cūla, the united pair of clavicles of a bird, forming a single forked bone—the merry-thought.—adj.Fur′cular, furcate: shaped like a fork. [L., fromfurca, a fork.]
Furfur, fur′fur,n.dandruff, scurf—alsoFur′fair.—adj.Furfūrā′ceous, branny: scaly—alsoFur′fūrous.—n.Furfūrā′tion, the falling of scurf. [L.]
Furfurol, fur′fur-ol,n.a volatile oil obtained when wheat-bran, sugar, or starch is acted on by dilute sulphuric acid. [L.furfur, bran.]
Furious, fū′ri-us,adj.full of fury: violent.—adj.Fū′ribund, raging.—ns.Furios′ity, madness;Furiō′so, a furious person.—adv.Fū′riously.—n.Fū′riousness. [O. Fr.furieus—L.furiōsus—furia, rage.]
Furl, furl,v.t.to draw or roll up, as a sail. [Contr. of obs.furdle, fromfardel.]
Furlong, fur′long,n.40 poles: one-eighth of a mile. [A.S.furlang—furh, furrow,lang, long.]
Furlough, fur′lō,n.leave of absence.—v.t.to grant leave of absence. [Dut.verlof; cf. Ger.verlaub.]
Furmenty. SeeFrumenty.
Furnace, fur′nās,n.an oven or enclosed fireplace for melting ores and other purposes: a time or place of grievous affliction or torment.—v.t.to exhale like a furnace: to subject to the heat of a furnace. [O. Fr.fornais—L.fornax—fornus, an oven.]
Furniment, fur′ni-ment,n.(Spens.). Same asFurniture.
Furnish, fur′nish,v.t.to fit up or supply completely, or with what is necessary: to equip (with).—adj.Fur′nished, stocked with furniture.—n.Fur′nisher.—n.pl.Fur′nishings, fittings of any kind, esp. articles of furniture, &c., within a house: (Shak.) any incidental part.—n.Fur′nishment. [O. Fr.furniss-,furnir—Old High Ger.frummjan, to do.]
Furniture, fur′ni-tūr,n.movables, either for use or ornament, with which a house is equipped: equipage, the trappings of a horse, &c.: decorations: the necessary appendages in some arts, &c.: (print.) the pieces of wood or metal put round pages of type to make proper margins and fill the spaces between the pages and the chase. [Fr.fourniture.]
Furor, fū′ror,n.fury: excitement, enthusiasm.—AlsoFurō′re. [L.]
Furrow, fur′ō,n.the trench made by a plough: any groove: a wrinkle on the face.—v.t.to form furrows in: to groove: to wrinkle.—n.Furr′ow-weed(Shak.), a weed on ploughed land.—-adj.Furr′owy. [A.S.furh; cf. Ger.furche, L.porca.]
Further, fur′thėr,adv.to a greater distance or degree: in addition.—adj.more distant: additional.—adv.Fur′thermore, in addition to what has been said, moreover, besides.—adjs.Fur′thermost, most remote;Fur′thersome, tending to further or promote.—adv.Fur′thest, at the greatest distance.—adj.most distant.—Wish one further, to wish one somewhere else than here and now. [A.S.furðor, a comp. offore, with comp. suff.]
Further, fur′thėr,v.t.to help forward, promote.—ns.Fur′therance, a helping forward;Fur′therer, a promoter, advancer.—adj.Fur′thersome, helpful. [A.S.fyrðran.]
Furtive, fur′tiv,adj.stealthy: secret.—adv.Fur′tively. [Fr.,—L.furtivus—fur, a thief.]
Furuncle, fū′rung-kl,n.an inflammatory tumour.—adjs.Furun′cular,Furun′culous. [L.furunculus.]
Fury, fū′ri,n.rage: violent passion: madness: (myth.) one of the three goddesses of fate and vengeance, the Erinyes, or euphemistically Eumenides—Tisiphone, Alecto, and Megæra—hence a passionate, violent woman. [Fr.furie—L.furia—furĕre, to be angry.]
Furze, furz,n.the whin or gorse, a prickly evergreen bush with beautiful yellow flowers.—adjs.Furz′y,Furz′en, overgrown with furze. [A.S.fyrs.]
Fusarole, fū′sa-rōl,n.(archit.) an astragal.—AlsoFū′sarol. [Fr.,—L.fusus, spindle.]
Fuscous, fus′kus,adj.brown: dingy—(Charles Lamb)Fusc. [L.fuscus, akin tofurvus.]
Fuse, fūz,v.t.to melt: to liquefy by heat.—v.i.to be melted: to be reduced to a liquid.—n.Fusibil′ity.—adjs.Fū′sible, that may be fused or melted—(Milt.)Fū′sile,Fū′sil.—ns.Fū′sing-point, the temperature at which any solid substance becomes liquid;Fū′sion, act of melting: the state of fluidity from heat: a close union of things, as if melted together.—Aqueous fusion, the melting of certain crystals by heat in their own water of crystallisation;Dry fusion, the liquefaction produced in salts by heat after the water of crystallisation has been expelled;Igneous fusion, the melting of anhydrous salts by heat without decomposition. [L.fundĕre,fusum, to melt.]
Fuse, fūz,n.a tube filled with combustible matter for firing mines, discharging shells, &c. [It.fuso—L.fusus, a spindle.]
Fusee,Fuzee, fū-zē′,n.the spindle in a watch or clock on which the chain is wound: a match used for lighting a pipe or cigar in the open air: a fuse: a fusil.—adj.Fū′siform, spindle-shaped: tapering at each end. [O. Fr.fusée, a spindleful—Low L.fusata—L.fusus, a spindle.]
Fusel-oil, fū′zel-oil,n.a nauseous oil in spirits distilled from potatoes, barley, &c. [Ger.fusel, bad spirits.]
Fusil, fū′zil,n.a flint-lock musket. [O. Fr.fuisil, a flint-musket, same as It.focile—Low L.focile, steel (to strike fire with), dim. of L.focus, a fireplace.]
Fusil, fū′zil,n.(her.) an elongated rhomboidal figure. [O. Fr.fusel—L.fusus, a spindle.]
Fusilier,Fusileer, fū-zil-ēr′,n.formerly a soldier armed with a fusil, now simply a historical title borne by a few regiments of the British army (Northumberland, Royal Scots, &c.).
Fusillade, fūz′il-ād,n.a simultaneous or continuous discharge of firearms.—v.t.to shoot down by a simultaneous discharge of firearms.—n.Fusillā′tion, death by shooting. [Fr.,—fusil, a musket.]
Fuss, fus,n.a bustle or tumult: haste, flurry.—v.i.to be in a bustle.—adv.Fuss′ily.—n.Fuss′iness, a needless state of bustle.—adj.Fuss′y. [Imit.]
Fust, fust,n.the shaft of a column. [O. Fr.fust(Fr.fût)—L.fustis, a stick.]
Fust,v.i.SeeFusty.
Fustanelle, fus-ta-nel′,n.a white kilt worn by Greek men. [Mod. Gr.phoustani, Albanianfustan—It.fustagno, fustian.]
Fustet, fus′tet,n.the smoke-tree or Venetian sumach, or its wood. [Fr.,—L.fustis, a stick.]
Fustian, fust′yan,n.a kind of coarse, twilled cotton fabric, including moleskin, velveteen, corduroy, &c.: a pompous and unnatural style of writing or speaking: bombast: a liquor made of white wine with yolk of eggs, lemon, spices, &c.—adj. made of fustian: bombastic.—v.i.Fust′ianise(Holmes), to write bombastically.—n.Fust′ianist, one who writes bombast. [O. Fr.fustaigne(Fr.futaine)—It.fustagno—Low L.fustaneum, from Ar.Fostat(a suburb of Cairo) in Egypt, where first made.]
Fustic, fus′tik,n.the wood of a West Indian tree, formerly much used as a dye.—AlsoFus′toc. [Fr.fustoc, yellow—Sp.fustoc—L.fustis.]
Fustigation, fus-ti-gā′shun,n.a beating with a stick.—v.t.Fus′tigate, to thrash with a stick. [L.fustigāre,-ātum, to beat with a stick—fustis, a stick.]
Fustilarian, fus-ti-lā′ri-an,n.(Shak.) a low fellow, a scoundrel.—n.Fus′tilugs(prov.), a frowzy woman.
Fusty, fust′i,adj.smelling of the wood of the cask, as wine: ill-smelling.—v.i.Fust (Shak.) to grow or smell mouldy.—adj.Fust′ed,mouldy.—n.Fust′iness.[O. Fr.fust, wood of a cask—L.fustis.]
Fusus, fū′sus,n.a genus of Gasteropods, usually referred to the Murex family. [L.]
Futchel, fuch′el,n.a piece of timber lengthwise of a carriage, supporting the splinter-bar and the pole.
Futhorc, fū′thork,n.the Runic alphabet. [From the first six letters,f,u,þ,oora,r,k.]
Futile, fū′tīl,adj.useless: unavailing: trifling.—adv.Fū′tilely.—ns.Futilitā′rian, one who gives himself to profitless pursuits;Futil′ity, uselessness. [Fr.,—L.futilis—fundĕre, to pour.]
Futtock, fut′uk,n.one of the separate pieces of timber composing the frame of a ship.—ns. pl.Futt′ock-plates, iron plates with dead-eyes, crossing the sides of the top-rim perpendicularly;Futt′ock-shrouds, short pieces of rope or chain which secure the lower dead-eyes and futtock-plates of topmast rigging to a band round a lower mast. [Perh. corrupted fromfoot-hooks.]
Future, fūt′ūr,adj.about to be: that is to come: (gram.) expressing what will be.—n.time to come.—n.Fut′ure-per′fect(gram.), a tense expressing action viewed as past in reference to an assumed future time (L.amavero=I shall have loved).—v.i.Fut′urise, to form the future tense.—ns.Fut′urist, one whose chief interests are in what is to come;Futurition(-ish′un),future existence: accomplishment;Futur′ity, time to come: an event or state of being yet to come. [Fr.,—L.futurus, fut.p. ofesse, to be.]
Fuze, fūz,n.Same asFuse.
Fuzz, fuz,v.i.to fly off in minute particles with a fizzing sound like water from hot iron.—n.fine light particles, as dust, down, &c.—n.Fuzz′ball, a kind of fungus, whose head is full of a fine dust. [Ety. dub.]
Fuzzle, fuz′l,v.t.(prov.) to intoxicate.
Fuzzy, fuz′i,adj.covered with fuzz, fluffy.—adv.Fuzz′ily.—n.Fuzz′iness.
Fy, fī,interj.Same asFie.
Fyke, fīk,n.a bag-net for catching fish. [Dut.fuik.]
Fylfot,Filfot, fil′fot,n.an ancient symbol in the form of a Greek cross, with each arm continued at right angles, called alsoGammadion,Gammation, andSvastika. [Prob.fill-foot, meaning a device for filling the foot of a painted window.]
Fyrd, fird,n.the military force of the whole nation, all males capable of bearing arms, in Anglo-Saxon times. [A.S.fyrd, army.]
Fytte. SeeFit(3).
G
the seventh letter of our alphabet, and in the Roman not originally differentiated from C, but substituted there for the disused Z: (mus.) the fifth note of the diatonic scale of C minor—alsosol, the scale or key having that note for its tonic: (nat. phil.) a symbol for acceleration of gravity, which is about 32 feet per second: in the medieval system of Roman numerals=400, orG=400,000.
Gab, gab,v.i.(coll.) to chatter, prate.—n.idle talk, prattling: a jest, a witticism: (Scot.) the mouth.—n.Gab′ber, jabber.—adj.Gab′by, garrulous.—Gift of the gab, a talent for talking.
Gab, gab,v.i.to brag. [O. Fr.gabber, to mock.]
Gabbart, gab′ärt,n.a flat river vessel with a long hatchway.—AlsoGabb′ard. [Fr.gabare—Prov. and It.gabarra.]
Gabbatha, gab′a-thä,n.the place where Pilate sat at the trial of Jesus, atessellatedpavement outside the prætorium. [Heb., 'platform.']
Gabble, gab′l,v.i.to talk inarticulately: to chatter: to cackle like geese.—ns.Gabb′le;Gabb′ler;Gabb′ling,Gabb′lement. [Freq. ofgab.]
Gabbro, gab′ro,n.a rock composed of feldspar and diallage—alsoEuphotide.—n.Gabb′ronite, a compact variety of scapolite, resembling gabbro. [It.]
Gabelle, gab-el′,n.a tax, impost duty, formerly in France, esp. the tax on salt.—n.Gā′beler. [Fr.gabelle—Low L.gabella,gablum—Teut.]
Gaberdine, gab-er-dēn′,n.a loose upper garment, formerly worn by Jews. [O. Fr.gauvardine; per. Mid. High Ger.wallevart, pilgrimage, whence also Sp.gabardina, &c.]
Gaberlunzie, gab-er-lun′zi, -yi,n.(Scot.) a pouch carried by Scottish beggars: a strolling beggar.
Gabion, gā′bi-un,n.(fort.) a bottomless basket of wicker-work filled with earth, used for shelter from the enemy's fire while digging trenches, or in forming the foundation of a jetty.—ns.Gā′bionade, a work formed of gabions;Gā′bionage, gabions collectively.—adj.Gā′bioned, furnished with gabions. [Fr.,—It.gabbione, a large cage—gabbia—L.cavea, a cage.]
Gable, gā′bl,n.(archit.) the triangular part of an exterior wall of a building between the top of the side-walls and the slopes on the roof—(Scot.)Gā′vel.—adj.Gā′bled.—ns.Gā′ble-end, the end-wall of a building on the side where there is a gable;Gā′blet(dim.), a small gable, as an ornament on buttresses, &c.;Gā′ble-win′dow, a window in the gable-end of a building, or a window with its upper part shaped like a gable. [The northern formgavelis prob. Ice.gafl; Sw.gafvel, Dan.gavl. The southern form gable is prob. through O. Fr.gable,jablefrom Ice.gafl.]
Gabriel's hounds. SeeHound.
Gaby, gā′bi,n.a simpleton. [Hardly related togape.]
Gad, gad,n.a pointed bar of steel: a tool used in mining: a graver: a rod or stick, a goad: the bar across a Scotch condemned cell, on which the iron ring ran which fastened the shackles—alsoGade,Gaid.—n.Gad′ling, one of the spikes on the knuckles of a gauntlet.—Upon the gad(Shak.), upon the spur of the moment. [Ice.gadd-r, a spike.]
Gad, gad,interj.a minced form of God.—interjs.Gad′so, an exclamation of surprise;Gad′zooks, an obsolete minced oath.
Gad, gad,v.i.to rove about restlessly: to wander or ramble in speech, &c., to straggle in growth:—pr.p.gad′ding;pa.p.gad′ded.—ns.Gad,Gad′about, one who walks idly about;Gad′der.—adv.Gad′dingly—n.Gad′dishness. [Prob. conn. withgadingadfly; or obsoletegadling, vagabond.]
Gadfly, gad′flī,n.a fly which pierces the skin of cattle in order to deposit its eggs: a mischievous gadabout. [Fromgad, n.,fly.]
Gadge, gaj,n.an instrument of torture (Browning).
Gadhelic, gad-el′ik,adj.of or belonging to that branch of the Celtic race which comprises the Erse of Ireland, the Gaels of Scotland, and the Manx of the Isle of Man, as distinguished from theCymric. [Ir.Gaedheal(pl.Gaedhil), a Gael.]
Gadoid, gā′doid,adj.pertaining to theGadidæ, or cod-fishes.—n.a fish of this family.—n.Gā′dean, a fish of this family.—adj.Gā′dine.—n.Gā′dus, the typical genus of the same. [Gr.gados.]
Gadolinite, gad′ō-lin-īt,n.a silicate of the yttrium and cerium metals, containing also beryllium and iron. [From the Finnish chemistGadolin(1760-1852).]
Gadroon, gad-rōōn′,n.one of a set of convex curves or arcs joined at their extremities to form a decorative pattern—in plate, &c.—adj.Gadrooned′.—n.Gadroon′ing. [Fr.godron.]
Gadsman, gadz′man,n.(Scot.) one who drives horses at the plough. [Gadandman.]
Gadwall, gad′wawl,n.a northern fresh-water duck.
Gae, gā, a Scotch form ofgo.
Gael, gāl,n.a Scotch Highlander.—adj.Gaelic(gāl′ik),pertaining to the Gaels.—n.the Scottish-Highland dialect.—v.t.Gael′icise.—n.Gael′icism. [Gael.Gaidheal.]
Gaff, gaf,n.a hook used esp. for landing large fish after they have been hooked on the line and spent by the skill of the angler: (naut.) the spar to which the head of a fore-and-aft sail is bent.—v.t.to hook or bind by means of a gaff.—n.Gaff′-top-sail, a small sail, the head of which is extended on a small gaff which hoists on the top-mast, and the foot on the lower gaff. [Fr.gaffe.]
Gaff, gaf,n.(slang) a low theatre: a fair.
Gaff, gaf,v.i.(slang) to gamble.—ns.Gaff′er;Gaff′ing.
Gaffer, gaf′ėr,n.originally a word of respect applied to an old man, now familiar: the foreman of a squad of workmen. [Corr. ofgodfather, asgammerofgodmother.]
Gag, gag,v.t.to forcibly stop the mouth: to silence: to choke up: to introduce gag into a piece:—pr.p.gag′ging;pa.p.gagged.—n.something thrust into the mouth or put over it to enforce silence, or distend the jaws during an operation: the closure applied in a debate: a mouthful which produces nausea, the fat of fresh beef boiled: (slang) an actor's interpolation: a joke or hoax.—n.Gag′ger, one who gags. [Prob. imitative of sound made in choking.]
Gag, gag,v.t.(slang) to deceive.—v.i. to practise imposture.—n. a made-up story, lie: (U.S.) a laughing-stock.
Gage, gāj,n.a pledge: something thrown down as a challenge, as a glove.—v.t.to bind by pledge or security: offer as a guarantee: to stake, wager. [O. Fr.guage, from Teut. SeeWed.]
Gage. SeeGauge.
Gage, gāj,n.name applied to several varieties of plum. [SeeGreengage.]
Gaggle, gag′l,n.a flock of geese, or of women.—v.i.to cackle.—n.Gagg′ling, cackling.—adj.garrulous.
Gag-tooth, gag′-tōōth,n.a projecting tooth.—adj.Gag′-toothed.
Gaiety,Gaily. SeeGay.
Gaikwar, gīk′war,n.name of the ruler of Baroda in India. [Marathigāe—Sans.go, a cow, bull.]
Gain, gān,v.t.to obtain by effort: to earn: to be successful in: to draw to one's own party, bribe: to reach: to make advance: (N. T.) to escape.—n.that which is gained: profit.—adj.Gain′able.—n.Gain′er.—adj.Gain′ful.—adv.Gain′fully.—n.Gain′fulness.—n.pl.Gain′ings.—adj.Gain′less.—n.Gain′lessness.—Gain ground(seeGround);Gain upon, to overtake by degrees. [O. Fr.gain,gaain,gaigner,gaaignier, from Teut., as inweidenen, to graze, to seek forage,weida, pasture.]
Gain, gān,adj.(prov.) near, straight. [Ice.gegn.]
Gaingiving, gān′giv-ing,n.(Shak.) misgiving.
Gainly, gān′li,adj.agile, handsome. SeeUngainly.
Gainsay, gān′sā,v.t.to contradict: to deny: to dispute.—ns.Gain′sayer(B.), an opposer;Gain′saying.—v.t.Gain′strive(Spens.), to strive against. [A.S.gegn, against, andsay.]
Gainst, a poetic abbreviation ofagainst.
Gair, gār,n.(Scot.) gore.
Gairfowl. SeeGarefowl.
Gairish. SeeGarish.
Gait, gāt,n.way or manner of walking, step, pace.—adj.Gait′ed, having a particular gait. [A special use ofgate.]
Gait, gāt,n.(prov.) a sheaf of corn: charge for pasturage.
Gaiter, gāt′ėr,n.a covering of cloth, &c., for the ankle, fitting down upon the shoe. [Fr.guêtre,guietre.]
Gal, gal,n.(prov.) a girl.
Gala, gā′la,n.festivity.—n.Gā′la-dress, gay costume for a gala-day. [Fr.gala, show—It.gala, finery.]
Galactic, ga-lak′tik,adj.pertaining to or obtained from milk: (astron.) pertaining to the Milky-Way.—ns.Galac′tagogue, a medicine which promotes the secretion of milk;Galac′tia, a morbid flow or deficiency of milk;Galac′tin, lactose;Galactom′eter, an instrument for finding the quality of milk by indicating its specific gravity;Galactoph′agist, one who lives on milk.—adjs.Galactoph′agous, living on milk;Galactoph′orous, milk-carrying;Galactopoiet′ic, milk-producing.—n.Galactorrhœ′a, a too abundant flow of milk. [Gr.gala,galaktos, milk.]
Galage, an obs. form ofgalosh.
Galago, ga-lā′go,n.a genus of large-eared, long-tailed African lemurs, arboreal and nocturnal in habit, living on fruit and insects.
Galangal.SeeGalingale.
Galantine, gal′an-tīn,n.a dish of poultry or veal, boned, tied up tight, cooked, and served cold. [Fr.,—Low L.galatinaforgelatina, jelly. SeeGelatine.]
Galanty show, gal-an′ti shō,n.a shadow pantomime produced by throwing shadows of miniature figures on a wall or screen. [Prob. It.galanti, pl. ofgalante. SeeGallant.]
Galatian, ga-lā′shi-an,adj.pertaining toGalatiain Asia Minor—colonised by Gauls in the 3d centuryB.C.—n.a native of Galatia.
Galaxy, gal′ak-si,n.the Milky-Way, or the luminous band of stars stretching across the heavens: any splendid assemblage. [Through Fr. and L., from Gr.galaxias—gala, milk.]
Galbanum, gal′ban-um,n.a resinous juice obtained from an Eastern plant, used in medicine and in the arts, and by the Jews in the preparation of the sacred incense.—AlsoGal′ban. [L.,—Gr.chalbanē, prob. an Eastern word.]
Gale, gāl,n.a strong wind between a stiff breeze and a hurricane: (coll.) a state of noisy excitement. [Prob. elliptical forgale(orgall)wind. Mr Bradley disfavours the Scand. ety., which connects with Dan.gal, mad, Norw.galen, raging.]
Gale, gāl,n.a shrub growing in marshy spots, usually calledSweet-gale. [Prob. A.S.gagel; cf. Ger.gagel, a myrtle-bush.]
Gale, gāl,n.a periodic payment of rent. [Gavel.]
Galeate,-d, gā′le-āt, -ed,adj.(bot.,ornith., andanat.) helmeted. [L.galeātus—galea, a helmet.]
Galena, gā-lē′na,n.a mineral which is essentially a sulphide of lead—alsoGalē′nite.—adjs.Galē′nic,-al,Galē′noid. [L.galena, lead-ore.]
Galenic,-al, gā-len′ik, -al,adj.pertaining toGalen, the 2d-cent. Greek physician, or to his methods and theories.—ns.Gā′lenism;Gā′lenist.
Galeopithecus, gā-li-o-pi-thē′kus,n.a flying lemur.—adjs.Galeopithē′cine,Galeopithē′coid.
Galilean, gal-i-lē′an,adj.of or pertaining toGalileo, a great Italian mathematician (1564-1642).—Galilean law, the law of the uniform acceleration of falling bodies;Galilean telescope, a telescope with a concave lens for its eye-piece.
Galilean, gal-i-lē′an,adj.of or pertaining toGalilee, one of the Roman divisions of Palestine.—n.a native of Galilee: a Christian.
Galilee, gal′i-lē,n.(archit.) a porch or chapel at the west end of some abbey churches, in which penitents were placed, and where ecclesiastics met women who had business with them.—Galilee porch, a galilee which has direct communication with the exterior. [Prob. suggested from Mark, xvi. 7, 'He goeth before you intoGalilee.']
Galimatias, gal-i-mā′shi-as,n.nonsense, gibberish: any confused mixture of unlike things. [Fr.]
Galingale, gal′in-gāl,n.the aromatic root of certain E. Indian plants of generaAlpiniaandKæmpferia, formerly much used in medicine and cookery: the tuber ofCyperus longus, of ancient medicinal repute: also the whole plant.—AlsoGalan′gal. [O. Fr.galingal—Ar.khalanjān—Chin.ko-liang-kiang—Ko, a Chinese province,liang, mild, andkiang, ginger.]
Galiongee, gal-yon-jē′,n.a Turkish sailor. [Turk.qālyūnjī, deriv. ofqālyūn—It.galeone, galleon.]
Galipot, gal′i-pot,n.the white resin which exudes from pine, yielding, when refined, white, yellow, or Burgundy pitch. [Fr.]
Gall, gawl,n.the greenish-yellow fluid secreted from the liver, called bile: bitterness: malignity.—ns.Gall-bladd′er, a pear-shaped bag lying on the under side of the liver, a reservoir for the bile;Gall′-stone, a hard concretion in the gall-bladder or biliary ducts.—Gall and wormwood, anything extremely disagreeable and annoying.—In the gall of bitterness, in a state of extreme hostility to God (Acts, viii. 23). [A.S.gealla, gall; cf. Ger.galle, Gr.cholē, L.fel.]
Gall, gawl,n.a light nut-like ball which certain insects produce on the oak-tree, used in dyeing—alsoGall′-nut.—v.t.to fret or hurt the skin by rubbing: to annoy: to enrage.—v.i.(Shak.) to act in a galling manner.—ns.Gall′ate, a salt of gallic acid;Gall′fly, an insect which occasions gall on plants by puncturing.—adj.Gall′ing, irritating.—adv.Gall′ingly.—Gallic acid, a crystalline substance obtained from gall-nuts, and used in making ink. [Fr.galle—L.galla, oak-apple.]
Gallant, gal′ant,adj.brave: noble: (rare) gay, splendid, magnificent: courteous or attentive to ladies: amorous, erotic (sometimesgal-ant′).—n.a gay, dashing person: a man of fashion: suitor, seducer.—adv.Gall′antly.—ns.Gall′antness;Gall′antry, bravery: intrepidity: attention or devotion to ladies, often in a bad sense, amorous intrigue: (Shak.) gallants collectively. [Fr.galant—O. Fr.gale, a merrymaking; prob. Teut.]
Galleass, gal′e-as,n.(Shak.) a vessel of the same construction as a galley, but larger and heavier.—AlsoGall′iass. [O. Fr.galeace—It.galeaza, augmented from,galea, galley.]
Galleon, gal′i-un,n.a large Spanish vessel with lofty stem and stern, mostly used formerly for carrying treasure. [Sp.galeon. Cf.Galley.]
Gallery, gal′ėr-i,n.a balcony surrounded by rails: a long passage: the upper floor of seats in a church or theatre: the persons occupying the gallery at a theatre: a room for the exhibition of works of art: (fort.) a covered passage cut through the earth or masonry: a level or drive in a mine.—adj.Gall′eried, furnished with, or arranged like, a gallery.—Play to the gallery, to play so as to win the applause of the least intelligent amongst the spectators. [O. Fr.galerie(It.galleria).]
Galley, gal′i,n.a long, low-built ship with one deck, propelled by oars: a state barge: the captain's boat on a war-ship: the place where the cooking is done on board ship: a kind of boat attached to a ship-of-war: (print.) a flat oblong tray in which the compositor places the type he has set up.—ns.Gall′ey-proof, an impression taken from type on a galley;Gall′ey-slave, one condemned for crime to work like a slave at the oar of a galley. [O. Fr.galie—Low L.galea.]
Galliambic, gal-i-am′bik,adj.constituting agalliambus, a verse consisting of four Ionics a minore (Galliambic), with variations and substitutions. [Used by theGalli, priests of the Phrygian goddess Cybele.]
Galliard, gal′yard,adj.(arch.) brisk, lively.—n.a spirited dance for two, common in the 16th and 17th centuries: a gay fellow.—n.Gall′iardise, gaiety: a merry trick. [O. Fr.gaillard; cf. Sp.gallardo.]
Gallic, gal′ik,adj.pertaining toGaulor France.—adj.Gall′ican, of or pertaining to France: esp. pertaining to the Roman Catholic Church in France.—n.one holding Gallican doctrines.—n.Gall′icanism, the spirit of nationalism within the French Church—as opposed toUltramontanism, or the absolute subjection of everything to the personal authority of the pope.—adv.Gallice(gal′i-sē),in French.—n.Gall′icism, the use in English or any other language of a word or idiom peculiar to the French.—vs.t.Gall′icīze,Gall′icīse, to make French in opinions, habits, &c. [L.Gallicus—Gallia, Gaul.]
Galligaskins, gal-i-gas′kinz,n.pl.large open hose or trousers: leggings worn by sportsmen. [A corr. of O. Fr.garguesque—It.Grechesco, Greekish—L.Græcus, Greek.]
Gallimaufry, gal-i-maw′fri,n.(Shak.) any inconsistent or absurd medley: a medley of persons. [O. Fr.galimafrée, a ragout, hash.]
Gallinaceous, gal-in-ā′shus,adj.pertaining to the order of birds to which the domestic fowl, pheasant, &c. belong. [L.gallina, a hen—gallus, a cock.]
Gallinule, gal′i-nūl,n.a genus of aquatic birds closely allied to the coots, of which the common water-hen is a species. [L.gallinula, dim. ofgallina, a hen.]
Gallio, gal′i-o,n.a careless, easy-going man who keeps himself free from trouble and responsibility. [From the proconsul of Achaia in 53 A.D., Junius AnnæusGallio, who refused to listen to the Jewish clamour against Paul (Acts, xviii. 12-17).]
Galliot,Galiot, gal′i-ot,n.a small galley: an old Dutch cargo-boat, also a bomb-ketch. [Fr.galiote—Low L.galea, galley.]
Gallipot, gal′i-pot,n.a small glazed pot for containing medicine. [Prob.potterysuch as was brought ingalleys; not likely to be the Old Dut.gleipot, a glazed pot.]
Gallium, gal′i-um,n.a rare malleable metal, grayish-white, brilliant in lustre.
Gallivant, gal-i-vant′,v.i.to spend time frivolously, esp. in flirting. [Perh. a variation ofgallant.]
Gallivat, gal′i-vat,n.a large two-masted Malay boat.
Galliwasp, gal′i-wasp,n.a West Indian lizard.
Gallize, gal′īz,v.t.to treat unfermented grape-juice with water and sugar, so as to increase the quantity of wine produced. [From Dr L.Gallof Treves.]
Galloglass, gal′lo-glas,n.a soldier or armed retainer of a chief in ancient Ireland and other Celtic countries.—AlsoGal′lowglass. [Ir.gallóglách—Ir.gall, foreign,óglách, youth.]
Gallomania, gal-o-mā′ni-a,n.a mania for French ways.
Gallon, gal′un,n.the standard measure of capacity=4 quarts. [O. Fr.galun,galon,jalon; app. cog. with Fr.jale, a bowl.]
Galloon, ga-lōōn′,n.a kind of lace: a narrow ribbon made of silk or worsted, or of both.—adj.Gallooned′, adorned with galloon. [Fr.galon,galonner; prob. cog. withgallant.]
Gallop, gal′up,v.i.to move by leaps, as a horse: to ride a galloping horse: to move very fast.—v.t.to cause to gallop.—n.the pace at which a horse runs when the forefeet are lifted together and the hindfeet together: a ride at a gallop.—n.Gall′oper, one who, or that which, gallops.—part.andadj.Gall′oping, proceeding at a gallop: (fig.) advancing rapidly, as in the phrase, 'a galloping consumption.'—Canterbury gallop, a moderate gallop of a horse (seeCanter). [O. Fr.galop,galoper; prob. Teut., related toleap. There is a Flemish and a Middle High Ger.walop(n.). The root is seen in Old Fries.walla, to boil; cf.Well(1).]
Gallopade, gal-up-ād′,n.a quick kind of dance—then, the music appropriate to it: a sidewise gallop.—v.i.to move briskly: to perform a gallopade. [Fr.]
Gallovidian, gal-o-vid′yan,adj.belonging to Galloway.—n.a native thereof.
Gallow, gal′lō,v.t.(Shak.) to frighten or terrify. [A.S.a-gǽlwian, to astonish.]
Galloway, gal′o-wā,n.a small strong horse, 13-15 hands high, originally fromGallowayin Scotland: a breed of large black hornless cattle.
Gallows, gal′us,n.a wooden frame on which criminals are executed by hanging—apl.used as asing., and having (Shak.) the doublepl.'gallowses' (used alsocoll.originally for a pair of braces for supporting the trousers): (Shak.) a wretch who deserves the gallows: any contrivance with posts and cross-beam for suspending objects: a rest for the tympan of a hand printing-press: the main frame of a beam-engine.—ns.Gall′ows-bird, a person who deserves hanging;Gall′ows-bitts, a frame fixed in a ship's deck to support spare spars.—adj.Gall′ows-free, free from danger of hanging.—n.Gall′owsness(slang), recklessness.—adj.Gall′ows-ripe, ready for the gallows.—n.Gall′ows-tree, a tree used as a gallows.—Cheat the gallows, to escape hanging though deserving it. [M. E.galwes(pl.)—A.S.galga; Ger.galgen.]
Gally, gal′i,v.i.(prov.) to scare, daze.—ns.Gall′y-beg′gar,Gall′icrow,Gall′ycrow, a scarecrow.
Galoot, ga-lōōt′,n.(U.S.) a recruit, a clumsy fellow.
Galop, gal′op,n.a lively round dance of German origin: music for such a dance. [Fr.; cf.Gallop.]
Galopin, gal′o-pin,n.(Scot.) a kitchen boy. [O. Fr.,—galoper, to gallop.]
Galore, ga-lōr′,adv.in abundance, plentifully.—n.abundance. [Ir.go leór, sufficiently—go, an adverbialising particle,leór, sufficient.]
Galosh, ga-losh′,n.a shoe or slipper worn over another in wet weather—alsoGaloche′,Golosh′. [Fr.galoche—Gr.kalopodion, dim. ofkalopous, a shoemaker's last—kālon, wood,pous, the foot.]
Galravage. SeeGilravage.
Galt. SeeGault.
Galumph, gal-umf′,v.i.to march along boundingly and exultingly. [A coinage of Lewis Carroll.]
Galvanism, gal′van-izm,n.a branch of the science of electricity which treats of electric currents produced by chemical agents.—adj.Galvan′ic, belonging to or exhibiting galvanism.—n.Galvanisā′tion.—v.t.Gal′vanīse, to subject to the action of a galvanic current: to confer a false vitality upon.—ns.Gal′vanist,Gal′vanīser;Galvan′ograph, a printing-surface resembling an engraved copper-plate, produced by an electrotype process from a drawing made with viscid ink on a silvered plate: an impression taken from such a plate;Galvanog′raphy;Galvanol′ogist, a student of galvanology;Galvanol′ogy, the science of galvanic phenomena;Galvanom′eter, an instrument for measuring the strength of galvanic currents;Galvanom′etry.—adj.Galvanoplas′tic.—ns.Galvanoplas′ty, electrotypy;Galvan′oscope, an instrument for detecting the existence and direction of an electric current.—Galvanic battery, a series of zinc or copper plates susceptible of galvanic action;Galvanised iron, the name given to iron coated with zinc to prevent rusting. [From LuigiGalvani, of Bologna, the discoverer (1737-98).]
Galwegian, gal-wē′ji-an,adj.belonging to Galloway.—n.a native thereof.—AlsoGallowē′gian.
Gam, gam,v.t.andv.i.to make a call on, to exchange courtesies with: to gather in a flock, as whales.—n.a school or herd of whales. [Prob. a corr. ofjam.]
Gam, gam,n.(Scot.) the mouth:—pl.tusks.
Gam, gam,n.(slang) a leg.
Gama-grass, gä′ma-gräs,n.a grass with very large culms, 4 to 7 feet high, grown in Mexico.
Gamash, gam-ash′,n.a kind of leggings or gaiters.
Gamb, gamb,n.a leg or shank: (her.) a beast's whole foreleg=Gamb′a(anat.), the metacarpus or metatarsus of ruminants, &c.: short forviol da gamba. [Low L.gamba, a leg. SeeGambol.]
Gambado, gam-bā′do,n.a leather covering for the legs to defend them from mud in riding: boots affixed to the saddle in place of stirrups. [It.gamba, the leg.]
Gambado, gam-bā′do,n.a bound or spring of a horse: a fantastic movement, a caper. [Sp.gambada; cf.Gambol.]
Gambeson, gam′be-son,n.an ancient coat for defence, worn under the habergeon, of leather, or of cloth stuffed and quilted.—AlsoGam′bison. [O. Fr.—Low L.gambesōn-em; prob. Teut., as inwambâ, the belly.]
Gambet, gam′bet,n.the redshank.
Gambier, gam′bēr,n.an astringent substance prepared from the leaves of a shrub of the East Indies, and largely used in tanning and dyeing.—AlsoGam′bir. [Malayan.]
Gambist, gam′bist,n.a player on the gamba orviol da gamba.
Gambit, gam′bit,n.a mode of opening a game of chess by sacrificing a pawn early in the game for the purpose of making a powerful attack. [It.gambetto, a tripping up—gamba, leg.]
Gamble, gam′bl,v.i.to play for money in games of chance or skill: to engage in wild financial speculations.—v.t.to squander away.—n.a gambling transaction.—ns.Gam′bler, one who gambles, esp. who makes it his business;Gam′bling-house, a house kept for the accommodation of people who play at games of hazard for money. [Forgamm-leorgam-le, a freq. which has ousted M. E.gamenen—A.S.gamenian, to play at games—gamen, a game.]
Gamboge, gam-bōj′, or gam-bōōj′,n.a yellow gum-resin used as a pigment and in medicine.—adjs.Gambog′ian,Gambog′ic. [FromCambodia, in Asia, whence brought about 1600.]
Gambol, gam′bol,v.i.to leap, skip: to frisk in sport:—pr.p.gam′bolling;pa.p.gam′bolled.—n.a skipping: playfulness. [Formerlygambold—O. Fr.gambade—It.gambata, a kick—Low L.gamba, leg.]
Gambrel, gam′brel,n.the hock of a horse: a crooked stick used by butchers for suspending a carcass while dressing it.—Gambrel roof, a curved or hipped roof. [O. Fr.gamberel; cf. Fr.gambier, a hooked stick; prob. Celt.cam, crooked.]
Gambroon, gam-brōōn′,n.a twilled cloth of worsted and cotton, or linen. [Prob.Gambroonin Persia.]
Game, gām,n.sport of any kind: an exercise or contest for recreation or amusement, esp. athletic contests: the stake in a game: the manner of playing a game: the requisite number of points to be gained to win a game: jest, sport, trick, artifice: any object of pursuit or desire: (Shak.) gallantry: the spoil of the chase: wild animals protected by law and hunted by sportsmen, the flesh of such—hares, pheasants, partridges, grouse, blackcock.—adj.of or belonging to such animals as are hunted as game: plucky, courageous: (slang) having the spirit to do something.—v.i.to gamble.—ns.Game′-bag, a bag for holding a sportsman's game, also the whole amount of game taken at one time;Game′cock, a cock trained to fight;Game′keeper, one who has the care of game.—n.pl.Game′-laws, laws relating to the protection of certain animals called game.—adv.Gamely.—ns.Game′ness;Game′-preserv′er, one who preserves game on his property for his own sport or profit.—adj.Game′some, playful.—ns.Game′someness, sportiveness: merriment;Game′ster, one viciously addicted to gambling: a gambler;Game′-ten′ant, one who rents the privilege of shooting or fishing over a particular estate or district;Gam′ing, gambling;Gam′ing-house, a gambling-house, a hell;Gam′ing-tā′ble, a table used for gambling.—adj.Gam′y, having the flavour of dead game kept till tainted: (coll.) spirited, plucky.—Big game, the larger animals hunted;Die game, to keep up courage to the last;Make a game of, to play with real energy or skill;Make game of, to make sport of, to ridicule;Red game, the Scotch ptarmigan;Round game, a game, as at cards, in which the number of players is not fixed;The game is not worth the candle(seeCandle);The game is up, the game is started: the scheme has failed. [A.S.gamen, play; Ice.gaman, Dan.gammen.]
Game, gām,adj.(slang) crooked, lame. [Most prob. not the Celt.cam, crooked.]
Gamic, gam′ik,adj.having a sexual character, of an ovum—opp. toAgamic.—ns.Gamete(gam-ēt′),a sexual protoplasmic body;Gamogen′esis, sexual reproduction.—adjs.Gamopet′alous(bot.), having the petals united at the base;Gamophyl′lous, having cohering perianth leaves;Gamosep′alous, having the sepals united. [Gr.gamos, marriage.]
Gamin, gam′in,n.a street Arab, a precocious and mischievous imp of the pavement. [Fr.]
Gamma, gam′a,n.the third letter of the Greek alphabet.—ns.Gammād′ion,Gammā′tion(seeFylfot).
Gammer, gam′ėr,n.an old woman—the correlative ofgaffer(q.v.).
Gammerstang, gam′er-stang,n.(prov.) a tall, awkward person, esp. a woman: a wanton girl.
Gammock, gam′ok,n.(prov.) a frolic, fun.—v.i.to frolic, to lark.
Gammon, gam′un,n.(mostlycoll.) a hoax: nonsense, humbug.—v.t.to hoax, impose upon.—ns.Gamm′oner;Gamm′oning. [A.S.gamen, a game.]
Gammon, gam′un,n.the preserved thigh of a hog. [O. Fr.gambon—gambe, a leg.]
Gammon, gam′un,n.(naut.) the lashing of the bowsprit.—v.t.to lash the bowsprit with ropes.
Gamp, gamp,n.(slang) a large, clumsy, or untidily tied up umbrella.—adj.Gamp′ish, bulging. [So called from Mrs SarahGamp, a tippling monthly nurse in Dickens'sMartin Chuzzlewit.]
Gamut, gam′ut,n.the musical scale: the whole extent of a thing. [So called from the Gr.gamma, which marked the last of the series of notes in the musical notation of Guido Aretinus, and L.ut, the beginning of an old hymn to St John ('Ut queant laxis') used in singing the scale.]
Ganch, ganch,v.t.to impale.—AlsoGaunch. [O. Fr.gancher—It.gancio, a hook.]
Gander, gan′dėr,n.the male of the goose: a simpleton: (U.S.) a man living apart from his wife.—ns.Gan′dercleugh, the place of abode of the hypothetical Jedediah Cleishbotham, editor of theTales of my Landlord;Gan′derism;Gan′der-par′ty, a social gathering of men only. [A.S.gandra, from ganra, with insertedd; Dut. and Low Ger.gander.]
Ganesa, ga-nē′sa,n.the elephant-headed Hindu god of foresight and prudence.
Gang, gang,n.a number of persons or animals associated for a certain purpose, usually in a bad sense: a number of labourers working together during the same hours: the range of pasture allowed to cattle: a set of tools, &c., used together for any kind of work.—ns.Gang′er,Gangs′man, the foreman of a squad, as of plate-layers. [A.S.gang(Dan.gang, Ger.gang, a going),gangan, to go.]
Gang, gang,v.i.(Scot.) to go.—n.pl.Gang′-days, the three days preceding Ascension Day or Holy Thursday.—n.Gang′er, a walker: a fast-going horse. [A.S.gangan, to go.]
Ganglion, gang′gli-on,n.a tumour in the sheath of a tendon: an enlargement in the course of a nerve: any special centre of nervous action:—pl.Gang′lia,Gang′lions.—adjs.Gang′liac,Gang′lial,Ganglion′ic, pertaining to a ganglion;Gang′liate,-d, provided with a ganglion or ganglia;Gang′liform,Gang′lioform, having the form of a ganglion;Gang′lionary, composed of ganglia.—n.Gang′lion-cell(anat.), a nerve-cell with nucleus and nucleones.—Basal ganglia, ganglia situated at the bottom of the cerebrum. [Gr.]
Gangrel, gang′rel,n.andadj.a vagrant. [Fromgang—A.S.gangan, to go, walk.]
Gangrene, gang′grēn,n.loss of vitality in some part of the body: the first stage in mortification.—v.t.to mortify.—v.i.to become putrid.—v.i.Gang′renate, to become mortified.—adjs.Gangrenes′cent, becoming mortified;Gang′renous, mortified. [L.gangræna—Gr.gangraina,grainein, to gnaw.]
Gang-saw, gang-saw,n.an arrangement of saws set in one frame.
Gangue,Gang, gang,n.in mining, the stony matrix in which metallic ores occur. [Fr.,—Ger.gang, a vein.]
Gangway, gang′wā,n.a passage or way by which to go into or out of any place, esp. a ship: a way between rows of seats, esp. the cross-passage in the House of Commons, about half-way down the House, giving access to the rear-benches. The members 'above the gangway' are the ministers and ex-ministers, with their more immediate supporters. [A.S.gangweg; cf.gangand way.]
Ganister,Gannister, gan′is-ter,n.a hard, close-grained siliceous stone, which often forms the stratum that underlies a coal-seam.
Ganja, gan′ja,n.an intoxicating preparation of Indian hemp.
Gannet, gan′et,n.a web-footed fowl found in the northern seas, the best-known of which is the solan goose. [A.S.ganot, a sea-fowl; Dut.gent.]
Ganoid, gän′oid,adj.belonging to an order of fishes once very large, but now decadent, including only seven genera (sturgeons, &c.).—adj.Ganoi′dian. [Gr.ganos, brightness,eidos, appearance.]
Gant, gänt,v.i.(Scot.) to yawn—alsoGaunt.—n.a yawn.
Gantlet, gant′let,n.a glove. [Same asGauntlet.]
Gantlet, gant′let,Gantlope,gant′lōp,n.a punishment consisting of driving a criminal through a lane formed by two files of men, who each strike him as he passes.—Run the gantlet, to undergo the punishment of the gantlet: to be exposed to unpleasant remarks or treatment. [Confused withgauntlet, but from Sw.gatlopp—gata(Eng.gate), a street, line of soldiers,lopp(Eng.leap), course.]
Gantry, gan′tri,n.a stand for barrels: a platform for a travelling-crane, &c.—AlsoGaun′try.
Ganymede, gan′i-mēd,n.a cup-bearer, pot-boy, from the beautiful youth who succeeded Hebe as cup-bearer to Zeus, being carried off to Olympus by the eagle of Zeus: a catamite.
Gaol,Gaoler, old spellings ofJail,Jailer.
Gap, gap,n.an opening made by rupture or parting: a cleft: a passage: a deep ravine in a mountain-ridge: any breach of continuity.—v.t.to notch: to make a gap in.—adjs.Gap′py, full of gaps;Gap-toothed, lacking some of the teeth.—Stand in the gap, to stand forward in active defence of something;Stop a gap, to repair a defect, close a breach. [M. E.gappe—Ice.gap, an opening.]
Gape, gāp,v.i.to open the mouth wide: to yawn: to stare with open mouth: to be open, like a gap.—n.act of gaping: width of the mouth when opened.—ns.Gap′er;Gapes, a disease of birds, owing to the presence of trematode worms in the windpipe, shown by their uneasy gaping.—adj.Gap′ing, with mouth open in admiration.—adv.Gap′ingly. [Ice.gapa, to open the mouth; Ger.gaffen, to stare.]
Gar, gär,Garfish, gär′fish,n.a long slender fish of the pike family, with a pointed head. [A.S.gár, a dart.]
Gar, gär,v.t.(Scot.) to cause, to compel. [Norseger(v)a, to make (A.S.gierwan,giarwian), Sw.göra, Dan.gjöre; cf.Yare.]
Garancine, gar′an-sin,n.a manufactured product of madder, used as a dye. [Fr.,—garance, madder.]
Garb, gärb,n.fashion of dress: external appearance.—v.t.to clothe, array. [O. Fr.garbe—It.garbo, grace; of Teut. origin.]
Garb, gärb,n.a sheaf of grain, frequently used in heraldry. [O. Fr.garbe—Teut., as in Old High Ger.garba, a handful (Ger.garbe, Dut.garf).]
Garbage, gär′bāj,n.refuse, as the bowels of an animal: any worthless matter. [Of doubtful origin; prob. O. Fr.garbe, a sheaf; not conn. withgarble.]
Garble, gär′bl,v.t.to select what may serve our own purpose, in a bad sense: to mutilate, corrupt, or falsify.—n.Gar′bler, one who selects. [Most prob. It.garbellare—Ar.ghirbál, a sieve.]
Garboard-strake, gär′bōrd-strāk,n.the first range of planks laid on a ship's bottom next the keel. [Dut.gaarboord.]
Garboil, gär′boil,n.(Shak.) disorder, uproar. [O. Fr.garbouil—It.garbuglio, conn. with L.bullīre, to boil.]
Garçon, gär-song′,n.a boy: a waiter. [Fr.]
Gardant, gärd′ant,adj.(her.) said of an animal represented as full-faced and looking forward. [Fr., pr.p. ofgarder, to look.]
Garden, gär′dn,n.a piece of ground on which flowers, &c., are cultivated: a pleasant spot.—ns.Gar′dener;Gar′den-glass, a bell-glass for covering plants;Gar′dening, the act of laying out and cultivating gardens;Gar′den-par′ty, a party held on the lawn or in the garden of a private house.—Garden of Eden(seeEden);Hanging garden, a garden formed in terraces rising one above another—e.g. those of Nebuchadnezzar at Babylon;Market gardener, a gardener who raises vegetables, fruits, &c. for sale;Philosophers of the garden, followers of Epicurus who taught in a garden. [O. Fr.gardin(Fr.jardin); from Teut.]
Gardenia, gär-dē′ni-a,n.a genus ofCinchonaceæ, tropical and subtropical trees and shrubs, with beautiful and fragrant flowers. [Named from the American botanist, Dr Alex.Garden(died 1791).]
Gardyloo, gär′di-lōō,n.the old warning cry of housewives in Edinburgh before throwing their slops out of the window into the street. [Pseudo-Fr.gare de l'eau—should begare l'eau, 'beware of the water.']