Guelf,Guelph, gwelf,n.one of a papal and popular party in Italy in the Middle Ages which was opposed to the emperors.—adj.Guelf′ic, belonging to the Guelfs, in modern times the royal family of Hanover and England. [The party namesGuelfandGhibellineare fromWelfandWaiblingen, two families which in the 12th century were at the head of two rival parties in the German Empire.]
Guerdon, gėr′dun,n.a reward or recompense.—v.t.to reward. [O. Fr.guerdon,guerredon(It.guidardone)—Low L.widerdonum, corr. from Old High Ger.widarlón(A.S.wiðerleán)—wider(A.S.wiðer), against, andlón(A.S.leán), reward; or more prob. the latter part of the word is from L.donum, a gift.]
Guereza, ger′e-za,n.a large, long-haired, black-and-white African monkey, with a bushy tail.
Guerilla,Guerrilla, gėr-ril′a,n.a mode of harassing an army by small bands adopted by the Spaniards against the French in the Peninsular war: a member of such a band.—adj.conducted by or conducting petty warfare. [Sp.guerrilla, dim. ofguerra(Fr.guerre)—Old High Ger.werra.]
Guernsey, gėrn′zi,n.a sailor's closely-fitting knitted woollen shirt: one of a breed of dairy cattle from the island: the red-legged partridge. [FromGuernseyin the Channel Islands.]
Guess, ges,v.t.to form an opinion on uncertain knowledge: to conjecture, to think.—v.i.to judge on uncertain knowledge: to conjecture rightly.—n.judgment or opinion without sufficient evidence or grounds.—adj.Guess′able, that may be guessed.—n.Guess′er, one who guesses or conjectures.—adv.Guess′ingly, by way of conjecture.—n.Guess′work, work done by guess: random action. [M. E.gessen; cog. with Dut.gissen; Dan.gisse, Ice.giska, forgitska—geta, to get, think, A.S.gitan, whence Eng.get. SeeForget.]
Guest, gest,n.a visitor received and entertained.—n.Guest′-cham′ber(B.), a chamber or room for the accommodation of guests.—v.i.Guest′en(Scot.), to stay as a guest.—adv.Guest′wise, in the manner or capacity of a guest. [A.S.gest,gæst; allied to Dut. and Ger.gast, L.hostis, stranger, enemy.]
Gueux, gū,n.pl.the name assumed by the confederation (1565) of nobles and others to resist the introduction of the Inquisition into the Low Countries by Philip II. of Spain. [Fr., 'beggars.']
Guffaw, guf-faw′,v.i.to laugh loudly.—n.a loud laugh. [From the sound.]
Guggle, gug′l,v.i.to make a noise with the mouth or throat, to gurgle. [Formed fromgurgle.]
Guicowar. Same asGaikwar.
Guide, gīd,v.t.to lead or direct: to regulate: to influence.—n.he who, or that which, guides: one who directs another in his course of life: a soldier or other person employed to obtain information for an army: a guide-book: anything calculated to maintain in a certain direction or position.—adj.Guid′able.—ns.Guid′age, guidance;Guid′ance, direction: government;Guide′-book, a book of information for tourists.—adj.Guide′less, having no guide.—ns.Guide′post, a post erected at a roadside to guide the traveller;Guid′er, one who guides, a director;Guid′on, a forked guide-flag carried by a cavalry company or mounted battery, also the officer bearing it. [O. Fr.guider; prob. from a Teut. root, as in A.S.witan, to know,wís, wise, Ger.weisen, to show, conn. withwit,wise.]
Guild,Gild, gild,n.an association of men for mutual aid: a corporation: (orig.) an association in a town where payment was made for mutual support and protection.—ns.Guild′-broth′er, a fellow-member of a guild;Guild′hall, the hall of a guild, esp. in London;Guild′ry(Scot.), a guild, the members of such. [A.S.gild, money—gildan, to pay.]
Guilder,Gilder, gild′ėr,n.an old Dutch and German gold coin: now a silver coin=1s. 8d.: (Shak.) money generally. [Dut.gulden—Ger.gulden, gold.]
Guile, gīl,n.wile, jugglery: cunning: deceit.—v.t.(Spens.) to beguile.—p.adj.Guiled, armed with deceit: treacherous.—adj.Guile′ful, crafty: deceitful.—adv.Guile′fully.—n.Guile′fulness.—adj.Guile′less, without deceit: artless.—adv.Guile′lessly.—ns.Guile′lessness;Guil′er(Spens.), a deceiver. [O. Fr.guile, deceit; from a Teut. root, as in A.S.wíl, Ice.vel, a trick.]
Guillemot, gil′e-mot,n.a genus of diving birds of the Auk family, with long, straight, feathered bill and very short tail. [Fr., prob. Celt.; Bret.gwelan, gull, and O. Fr.moette, a sea-mew, from Teut.]
Guilloche, gil-losh′,n.an ornament formed of two or more bands intertwining in a continued series.—v.t.to decorate with intersecting curved lines. [Fr.; said to be from the name of its inventor,Guillot.]
Guillotine, gil′ō-tēn,n.an instrument for beheading—consisting of an upright frame down which a sharp heavy axe descends on the neck of the victim—adopted during the French Revolution, and named after Joseph IgnaceGuillotin(1738-1814), a physician, who first proposed its adoption: a machine for cutting paper, straw, &c.: a surgical instrument for cutting the tonsils.—v.t.to behead with the guillotine.—n.Guill′otinement, death by the guillotine.
Guilt, gilt,n.punishable conduct: the state of having broken a law: crime: wickedness.—adv.Guilt′ily.—n.Guilt′iness.—adj.Guilt′less, free from crime: innocent.—adv.Guilt′lessly.—n.Guilt′lessness.—adj.Guilt′y, justly chargeable with a crime: wicked: pertaining to guilt.—adv.Guilt′y-like(Shak.), guiltily.—Guilty of(sometimes inB.), deserving. [Orig. a payment or fine for an offence; A.S.gylt, guilt—gildan, to pay, to atone.]
Guilt, gilt,p.adj.(Spens.) gilded.
Guinea, gin′i,n.an English gold coin, no longer used=21s., so called because first made of gold brought fromGuinea, in Africa.—ns.Guin′ea-corn, a cereal extensively cultivated in Central Africa and India—alsoIndian millet;Guin′ea-fowl, a genus of African birds in the pheasant family, having dark-gray plumage with round spots of white, generally larger on the back and under surface;Guin′ea-grass, a grass of the same genus with millet, a native ofGuineaand Senegal;Guin′ea-hen(Shak.), a courtesan;Guin′ea-pepp′er(seePepper);Guin′ea-pig, a small South American rodent, somewhat resembling a small pig, the cavy: (slang) a professional company director, without time or real qualifications for the duties;Guin′ea-worm, a very slender thread-like nematode worm common in tropical Africa.
Guipure, gē-pōōr′,n.a kind of lace having no ground or mesh, the pattern fixed by interlacing threads: a species of gimp. [Fr.guipure—O. Fr.guiper, prob. Teut.; cf. Goth.veipan, to weave.]
Guise, gīz,n.manner, behaviour: external appearance: dress.—v.t.(arch.) to dress.—v.i.to act as a guiser.—ns.Guis′er(Scot.),Guis′ard, a person in disguise: a Christmas mummer. [O. Fr.guise; from Old High Ger.wísa(Ger.weise), a way, guise, which is cog. with A.S.wíse, way,wís, wise.]
Guitar, gi-tär′,n.a six-stringed musical instrument, somewhat like the lute, well adapted for accompanying the voice. [Fr.guitare—L.cithara—Gr.kithara, a lyre or lute. SeeCithern.]
Gula, gū′la,n.a piece in some insects, esp. in the beetles, &c., forming the lower surface of the head, behind the mentum, bounded laterally by the genæ or cheeks: the upper part of a bird's throat, between mentum and jugulum.—adj.Gū′lar. [L., 'throat.']
Gulch, gulch,n.(U.S.) a ravine or narrow rocky valley, a gully.—v.t.(prov.) to swallow greedily. [Prob. then.andv.are connected.]
Gulden, gōōl′den,n.a certain gold or silver coin in Germany in the Middle Ages: the unit of account in Austria, having the value of about 2s. [Ger.]
Gules, gūlz,n.(her.) a red colour, marked in engraved figures by perpendicular lines.—adj.Gū′ly. [O. Fr.gueules; acc. to Brachet, from Pers.ghul, a rose; acc. to others, from L.gula, the throat.]
Gulf, gulf,n.a hollow or indentation in the sea-coast: a deep place in the earth: an abyss: a whirlpool: anything insatiable: in Oxford and Cambridge examinations, the place of those next to the pass, but not bad enough to fail.—v.t.to engulf.—n.Gulf′-weed, a large olive-brown sea-weed with stalked air-bladders.—adj.Gulf′y, full of gulfs or whirlpools.—Gulf Stream, a great current of warm water flowing out of the Gulf of Mexico through the Strait of Florida, along the eastern coast of the United States of America, then deflected near the banks of Newfoundland diagonally across the Atlantic. [O. Fr.golfe—Late Gr.kolphos—Gr.kolpos, the bosom.]
Gull, gul,n.a web-footed sea-fowl belonging to the familyLaridæ. [Celt.; Corn.gullan, W.gwylan, Bret.gwelan—gwela, to weep, to cry.]
Gull, gul,v.t.to beguile: to deceive.—n.a trick: one easily cheated: (Shak.) a nestling.—ns.Gull′-catch′er(Shak.), a cheat;Gull′er;Gull′ery, imposture;Gullibil′ity.—adj.Gull′ible, easily deceived.—n.Gullos′ity. [Same word asgull, a seafowl, the bird being thought stupid.]
Gullet, gul′et,n.the throat: the passage in the neck by which food is taken into the stomach.—n.Gulos′ity, gluttony. [O. Fr.goulet, dim. of O. Fr.goule(Fr.gueule)—L.gula, the throat.]
Gully, gul′i,n.(Scot.) a big knife.—AlsoGull′ey.
Gully, gul′i,n.a channel worn by running water: a ditch: a ravine.—v.t.to wear a gully or channel in.—p.adj.Gull′ied.—ns.Gull′y-hole, a manhole into a drain, &c.;Gull′y-hunt′er, one who picks up things from gutters. [Prob.gullet.]
Gulp, gulp,v.t.to swallow eagerly or in large draughts.—n.a swallow: as much as is swallowed at once. [Dut.gulpen—gulp, a great draught.]
Gum, gum,n.the firm fleshy tissue which surrounds the teeth: (slang) insolence.—n.Gum′boil, a boil or small abscess on the gum. [A.S.góma, jaws; Ice.gómr, Ger.gaumen, palate.]
Gum, gum,n.a substance which exudes from certain trees and plants, and hardens on the surface, including those containing arabin, bassorin, and gum-resins.—v.t.to smear or unite with gum:—pr.p.gum′ming;pa.p.gummed.—ns.Gum′-ar′abic, a gum obtained from various species of acacia;Gum′-drag′on, tragacanth;Gum′-elas′tic, india-rubber or caoutchouc;Gum′-ju′niper, sandarac.—adj.Gummif′erous, producing gum.—ns.Gum′miness;Gum′ming, act of fastening with gum, esp. the application of gum-water to a lithographic stone: a disease, marked by a discharge of gum, affecting stone-fruit;Gummos′ity, gumminess.—adjs.Gum′mous,Gum′my, consisting of or resembling gum: producing or covered with gum.—ns.Gum′-rash, red-gum;Gum′-res′in, a vegetable secretion formed of resin mixed with more or less gum or mucilage;Gum′-tree, a name applied to various American and Australian trees;Chew′ing-gum(seeChew). [O. Fr.gomme—L.gummi—Gr.kommi; prob. Coptickomē, gum.]
Gumbo, gum′bō,n.the okra or its mucilaginous pods: a soup of which okra is an ingredient, also a dish of okra-pods seasoned: Creole patois in Louisiana.
Gumption, gump′shun,n.sense: shrewdness: common-sense.—adj.Gump′tious. [Doubtless conn. with A.S.gýman, to observe; cf. Goth.gaumjan.]
Gun, gun,n.a firearm or weapon, from which balls or other projectiles are discharged, usually by means of gunpowder—now generally applied to cannon: one who carries a gun, a member of a shooting-party.—v.i.(Amer.) to shoot with a gun.—ns.Gun′-barr′el, the barrel or tube of a gun;Gun′boat, a boat or small vessel of light draught, fitted to carry one or more guns;Gun′-carr′iage, a carriage on which a gun or cannon is supported;Gun′-cott′on, an explosive prepared by saturating cotton with nitric acid;Gun′-fire(mil.), the hour at which the morning or evening gun is fired;Gun′-flint, a piece of flint fitted to the hammer of a flint-lock musket;Gun′-met′al, an alloy of copper and tin in the proportion of 9 to 1, used in making guns;Gun′nage, the number of guns carried by a ship of war;Gun′ner, one who works a gun or cannon: (naut.) a petty officer who has charge of the ordnance on board ship;Gun′nery, the art of managing guns, or the science of artillery;Gun′ning, shooting game;Gun′-port, a port-hole;Gun′powder, an explosive powder used for guns and firearms;Gun′-room, the apartment on board ship occupied by the gunner, or by the lieutenants as a mess-room;Gun′shot, the distance to which shot can be thrown from a gun.—adj.caused by the shot of a gun.—adj.Gun′-shy, frightened by guns (of a sporting dog).—ns.Gun′smith, a smith or workman who makes or repairs guns or small-arms;Gun′stick, a ramrod;Gun′stock, the stock or piece of wood on which the barrel of a gun is fixed;Gun′stone(Shak.), a stone, formerly used as shot for a gun;Gun′-tack′le(naut.), the tackle used on board ship by which the guns are run to and from the port-holes;Gun′-wad, a wad for a gun;Gat′ling-gun, a revolving battery-gun, invented by R. J.Gatlingabout 1861, usually having ten parallel barrels, capable of firing 1200 shots a minute;Machine′-gun(seeMachine).—As sure as a gun, quite sure, certainly;Blow great guns, to blow tempestuously—of wind;Great gun, a cannon: (coll.) a person of great importance;Son of a gun, a rogue, rascal. [M. E.gonne, from W.gwn, a bowl, a gun, acc. to Skeat.]
Gunnel, gun′l,n.Same asGunwale.
Gunny, gun′i,n.a strong coarse cloth manufactured in India from jute, and used as sacking. [Hind.gon,goní, sacking—Sans.goní, a sack.]
Gunter's scale. SeeScale.
Gunwale,Gunnel, gun′el,n.the wale or upper edge of a ship's side next to the bulwarks, so called because the upper guns are pointed from it.
Gurge, gurj,n.(Milt.) a whirlpool. [L.gurges.]
Gurgle, gur′gl,v.i.to flow in an irregular noisy current: to make a bubbling sound. [Through an It.gorgogliare, fromgorgo—L.gurges.]
Gurgoyle. Same asGargoyle.
Gurly, gur′li,adj.(obs.) fierce, stormy.
Gurnard, gur′nard,n.a genus of fishes having the body rounded, tapering, and covered with small scales, an angular head, the eyes near the summit, and the teeth small and very numerous—(obs.)Gur′net. [From O. Fr.grongnard—grogner, to grunt—L.grunnīre, to grunt.]
Gurrah, gur′a,n.a coarse Indian muslin.
Gurry, gur′i,n.fish-offal.
Guru, gōō′rōō,n.a spiritual teacher, any venerable person.—AlsoGoo′roo. [Hind.—Sans.]
Gush, gush,v.i.to flow out with violence or copiously: to be effusive, or highly sentimental.—n.that which flows out: a violent issue of a fluid.—n.Gush′er, an oil-well not needing to be pumped.—adj.Gush′ing, rushing forth with violence, as a liquid: flowing copiously: effusive.—adv.Gush′ingly.—adj.Gush′y, effusively sentimental. [Scand.; Ice.gusa,gjósa; Dut.gudsen. SeeGeyser.]
Gusset, gus′et,n.the piece of cloth in a shirt which covers the armpit: an angular piece of cloth inserted in a garment to strengthen some part of it.—v.t.to make with a gusset: to insert a gusset into. [O. Fr.gousset—gousse—It.guscio, a pod, husk.]
Gust, gust,n.a sudden blast of wind: a violent burst of passion.—adjs.Gust′ful,Gust′y, stormy: irritable.—n.Gust′iness. [Ice.gustr, blast.]
Gust, gust,n.sense of pleasure of tasting: relish: gratification.—n.Gustā′tion, the act of tasting: the sense of taste.—adjs.Gust′ātive,Gus′tātory, of or pertaining to gustation.—n.Gust′o, taste: zest. [L.gustus, taste; cf. Gr.geuein, to make to taste.]
Gut, gut,n.the alimentary canal: intestines prepared for violin-strings, &c. (gut for angling, seeSilkworm-gut): (pl.) the bowels.—v.t.to take out the bowels of: to plunder:—pr.p.gut′ting;pa.p.gut′ted.—n.Gut′-scrap′er, a fiddler.—v.t.andv.i.Gut′tle, to eat greedily. [A.S.gut,geótan, to pour; prov. Eng.gut, Ger.gosse, a drain.]
Gutta, gut′a,n.a drop: one of the small drop-like ornaments on the under side of the mutules and regulæ of the Doric entablature: a small round colour-spot:—pl.Gutt′æ.—adjs.Gutt′ate,-d, containing drops: spotted. [L.]
Gutta-percha, gut′a-pėrch′a,n.the solidified juice of various trees in the Malayan Islands. [Malaygatah,guttah, gum,percha, the tree producing it.]
Gutter, gut′ėr,n.a channel at the eaves of a roof for conveying away water: a channel for water: (print.) one of a number of pieces of wood or metal, grooved in the centre, used to separate the pages of type in a form: (pl.) mud, dirt (Scot.).—v.t.to cut or form into small hollows.—v.i.to become hollowed: to run down in drops, as a candle.—ns.Gutt′er-blood, a low-born person;Gutt′er-snipe, a neglected child, a street Arab.—adj.Guttif′erous, exuding gum or resin. [O. Fr.goutiere—goute—L.gutta, a drop.]
Guttural, gut′ur-al,adj.pertaining to the throat: formed in the throat: harsh or rasping in sound.—n.(gram.) a letter pronounced in the throat or the back part of the mouth (k,chard,q,g,ng).—v.t.Gutt′uralise,Gutt′urise, to form (a sound) in the throat.—adv.Gutt′urally.—n.Gutt′uralness. [Fr.,—L.guttur, the throat.]
Guy, gī,n.(naut.) a rope to steady any suspended weight.—v.t.to keep in position by a guy. [Sp.guia, a guide.]
Guy, gī,n.an effigy ofGuyFawkes, dressed up grotesquely on the anniversary of the Gunpowder Plot (5th Nov.): an odd figure.
Guzzle, guz′l,v.i.to eat and drink with haste and greediness.—v.t.to swallow with exceeding relish.—n.Guzz′ler. [O. Fr. (des-)gouziller, to swallow down;gosier, the throat.]
Gwiniad, gwin′i-ad,n.a fresh-water fish of about 10 or 12 inches in length, found in some of the lakes of Wales and Cumberland—theFresh-water Herring. [W.,—gwyn, white.]
Gygis, jī′jis,n.a genus of small terns, white, with black bill, long-pointed wings, and a slightly forked tail. [Gr.gygēs, a water-bird.]
Gymkhana, jim-kä′na,n.a place of public resort for athletic games, &c., also a meeting for such sports. [A factitious word, according to Yule-Burnell, prob. based ongend-khāna('ball-house'), the usual Hind. name for an English racket-court.]
Gymnasium, jim-nā′zi-um,n.a school for gymnastics: a school for the higher branches of literature and science: (orig.) a public place or building where the Greek youths exercised themselves, with running and wrestling grounds, baths, and halls for conversation:—pl.Gymnā′sia.—adj.Gymnā′sial.—n.Gymnā′siast.—adj.Gymnā′sic.—n.Gym′nast, one who teaches or practises gymnastics.—adjs.Gymnas′tic,-al, pertaining to athletic exercises: athletic, vigorous.—adv.Gymnas′tically.—n.pl.used assing.Gymnas′tics, athletic exercises, devised to strengthen the muscles and bones, esp. those of the upper half of the body: the art of performing athletic exercises.—adj.Gym′nic(Milt.). [L.,—Gr.gymnasion—gymnazein,gymnos, naked.]
Gymnocarpous, jim-no-kär′pus,adj.(bot.) having the fruit naked, or not invested with a receptacle. [Gr.gymnos, naked,karpos, fruit.]
Gymnocitta, jim-no-sit′a,n.a genus of crow-like American jays with naked nostrils. [Gr.gymnos, naked,kitta,kissa, a jay.]
Gymnocladus, jim-nok′lad-us,n.a genus of North American trees, the pods slightly aperient. [Gr.gymnos, naked,klados, a branch.]
Gymnogynous, jim-noj′i-nus,adj.(bot.) having a naked ovary. [Gr.gymnos, naked,gynē, female.]
Gymnorhinal, jim-nō-rī′nal,adj.having the nostrils bare or unfeathered, as certain jays and auks. [Gr.gymnos, naked,hris,hrin-os, the nose.]
Gymnosophist, jim-nos′of-ist,n.the name given by the Greeks to those ancient Hindu philosophers who wore little or no clothing, and lived solitarily in mystical contemplation.—n.Gymnos′ophy. [Gr.gymnos, naked,sophos, wise.]
Gymnosperm, jim′nō-spėrm,n.one of the lower or more primitive group of seed plants—alsoGym′nogen.—adj.Gymnosper′mous(bot.), having the seeds unenclosed in a capsule.—n.Gym′nospore, a naked spore. [Gr.gymnos, naked,sperma, seed.]
Gymnotus, jim-nō′tus,n.the most powerful of the electric fishes, occurring in the fresh waters of Brazil and Guiana.—AlsoElectric eel. [Formed from Gr.gymnos, naked,nōtos, the back.]
Gynæceum,Gynecium, jin-ē-sē′um,n.an apartment in a large house exclusively appropriated to women. [Gr.gynē, a woman,oikos, a house.]
Gynandria, ji-nan′dri-a,n.a Linnæan class of plants, in which the stamens are united with the pistil.—n.Gynan′der, a plant of the gynandria: a masculine woman.—adjs.Gynan′drian,Gynan′drous. [Gr.gynē, a female,anēr,andros, a man.]
Gynarchy, jin′är-ki,n.government by a female. [Gr.gynē, a woman,archē, rule.]
Gynecian,Gynæcian, ji-nē′shi-an,adj.relating to women.—adjs.Gynē′cic,Gynæ′cic, pertaining to women's diseases.—n.Gynœ′cium, the collective pistils of a flower.
Gynecocracy, jin-ē-kok′ra-si,n.government by women—alsoGynoc′racy.—adj.Gynecrat′ic. [Gr.gynē, a woman,kratein, to rule.]
Gynecology,Gynæcology,jin-ē-kol′-o-ji,n.that branch of medicine which treats of the diseases and affections peculiar to woman and her physical organism.—adj.Gynecolog′ical.—n.Gynecol′ogist. [Gr.gynē, a woman,legein, to speak.]
Gyneolatry, jīnē-ol′at-ri,n.excessive worship of woman. [Gr.gynē, a woman,latreia, worship.]
Gynophore, jin′o-fōr,n.(bot.) an elongation or internode of the receptacle of a flower.
Gyp, jip,n.a male servant who attends to college rooms at Cambridge. [Perh. a contr. fromgypsy; hardly from Gr.gyps, a vulture.]
Gypsum, jip′sum,n.a valuable mineral of a comparatively soft kind, burned in kilns, and afterwards ground to a fine powder, calledplaster of Paris.—adjs.Gyp′seous, of or resembling gypsum;Gypsif′erous, producing or containing gypsum. [L.,—Gr.gypsos, chalk.]
Gypsy,Gypsyism. SeeGipsy.
Gyrate, jī′rāt,v.i.to whirl round a central point: to move round.—adj.(bot.) winding round.—n.Gyrā′tion, act of whirling round a central point: a spiral motion.—adjs.Gy′ratory,Gyrā′tional, moving in a circle. [L.gyrāre,-ātum, to move in a circle.]
Gyre, jīr,n.a circular motion.—n.Gy′ra, the richly embroidered border of a robe:—pl.Gy′ræ.—adjs.Gy′ral, whirling, rotating;Gyroid′al, spiral in arrangement or movement. [L.gyrus—Gr.gyros, a ring, round.]
Gyre-carlin, gīr-kar′lin,n.(Scot.) a witch. [Ice.gýgr, a witch,karlinna, a carline.]
Gyrfalcon. SeeGerfalcon.
Gyromancy, jī′ro-man-si,n.divination by walking in a circle till dizziness caused a fall towards one direction or another. [Gr.gyros, a circle,manteia, divination.]
Gyron,Giron, jī′ron,n.(her.) a bearing consisting of two straight lines drawn from any given part of the field and meeting in an acute angle in the fesse-point.—adjs.Gyronnet′ty,Gyron′ny,Giron′ny. [Fr., acc. to Skeat, from the Old High Ger.gérun, accus. ofgéro, a spear,gér; cf. A.S.gár, a spear.]
Gyroscope, jī′ro-skōp,n.an instrument for the exhibition of various properties of rotation, and the composition of rotations.—adj.Gyroscop′ic. [Gr.gyros, a circle,skopein, to see.]
Gyrose, jī′rōs,adj.(bot.) turned round like a crook.
Gyrostat, jī′rō-stat,n.an instrument contrived for illustrating the dynamics of rotating rigid bodies.—adj.Gyrostat′ic. [Gr.gyros, round,statikos, static.]
Gyrus, jī′rus,n.one of the rounded edges into which the surface of the cerebral hemisphere is divided by the fissures or sulci. [Gr.gyros, a circle.]
Gyte, gīt,adj.(Scot.) crazy, mad.
Gyte, gīt,n.(Scot.) a child: a first year's boy at Edinburgh High School. [Prob. a corr. ofget, offspring.]
Gytrash, gī′trash,n.(prov.) a ghost.
Gyve, jīv,v.t.to fetter.—n.pl.Gyves, shackles, fetters. [M. E.gives,gyves.Of Celt. origin; cf. W.gefyn, Ir.geimheal.]
H
the eighth letter in our alphabet, its sound that of a strongly-marked continuous guttural, produced at the back of the palate, not existing in English, but heard in the Scotchlochand the Germanlachen. In Old Englishhwas a guttural, or throat sound, but it gradually softened down to a spirant, and has now become almost a vowel: (chem.) a symbol denoting hydrogen: in medieval Roman notation=200,H=200,000.
Ha, hä,interj.denoting surprise, joy, or grief; and, when repeated, laughter: in continued speech, often an involuntary sound expressive of hesitation. [Imit.]
Ha′, haw,n.(Scot.) hall.
Haaf, häf,n.a deep-sea fishing-ground off the coast of Shetland.—n.Haaf′-fish′ing, deep-sea fishing, as for cod. [Ice.haf, sea.]
Haar, här,n.(Scot.) a fog.
Habble, häb′l,v.t.(Scot.) to perplex.—v.i.to stutter or stammer.—n.a perplexity, a squabble. [Hobble.]
Habeas-corpus(ad subjiciendum),hā′be-as-kor′pus,n.a writ to a jailer to produce the body of one detained in prison, and to state the reasons of such detention.—n.Haben′dum, the clause in a deed beginning 'habendum et tenendum' ('to have and to hold'), which determines the interest or estate granted by the deed. [L., lit. 'have the body,' from L.habēre, to have, andcorpus, the body.]
Habenaria, hab-ē-nā′ri-a,n.a genus of tuberous orchidaceous plants. [L.habena, a thong.]
Haberdasher, hab′ėr-dash-ėr,n.a seller of small-wares, as ribbons, tape, &c.—n.Hab′erdashery, goods sold by a haberdasher. [O. Fr.hapertas; ety. dub.; not Ice.]
Haberdine, ha-ber-dīn′,n.(obs.) dried salt cod. [Old Dut.abberdaan, alsolabberdaen; prob. from LeLabourd, orLapurdum(Bayonne).]
Habergeon, ha-bėr′je-un,n.a piece of armour to defend the neck and breast. [Fr.haubergeon, dim. of O. Fr.hauberc.]
Habile, hab′il,adj.(obs.) able, capable. [Fr.,—L.habilis.SeeAble.]
Habiliment, ha-bil′i-ment,n.a garment: (pl.) clothing, dress.—adjs.Hab′ilable(Carlyle), capable of being clothed;Habil′atory, having reference to dressing. [Fr.habillement—habiller, to dress—L.habilis, fit, ready—habēre.]
Habilitation, ha-bil-i-tā′shun,n.(Bacon) qualification: (U.S.) the act of supplying money to work a mine.—n.Habilitā′tor, one who does so.—v.i.Habil′itate, to acquire certain necessary qualifications, esp. for the office of teacher in a German university (Ger.habilitiren). [Low L.habilitation-em—L.habilis, able.]
Hability, ha-bil′i-ti,n.an obsolete form ofability.
Habit, hab′it,n.ordinary course of conduct: tendency to perform certain actions: general condition or tendency, as of the body: practice: custom: outward appearance: dress, esp. any official or customary costume: a garment, esp. a tight-fitting dress, with a skirt, worn by ladies on horseback.—v.t.to dress:—pr.p.hab′iting;pa.p.hab′ited.—adj.Hab′ited, clothed, dressed.—ns.Hab′it-mak′er, one who makes women's riding-habits;Hab′it-shirt, a thin muslin or lace under-garment worn by women on the neck and shoulders, under the dress.—adj.Habit′ūal, formed or acquired by frequent use: customary.—adv.Habit′ūally.—v.t.Habit′ūāte, to cause to acquire a habit: to accustom.—ns.Habitūā′tion;Hab′itūde, tendency from acquiring a habit: usual manner;Habitué(hab-it′ū-ā),a habitual frequenter of any place of entertainment, &c.—Habit and repute, a phrase in Scotch law to denote something so notorious that it affords strong and generally conclusive evidence of the facts to which it refers;Habit of body, the general condition of the body as outwardly apparent: any constitutional tendency or weakness. [Fr.,—L.habitus, state, dress—habēre, to have.]
Habitable, hab′it-a-bl,adj.that may be dwelt in.—ns.Habitabil′ity,Hab′itableness.—adv.Hab′itably.—ns.Hab′itant, an inhabitant;Hab′itat, the natural abode or locality of an animal or plant: place of abode generally;Habitā′tion, act of inhabiting: a dwelling or residence: a group, lodge, company, as of the so-called 'Primrose League.' [Fr.,—L.habitabilis—habitāre,-ātum, to inhabit, freq. ofhabēre, to have.]
Hable, hā′bl,adj.(Spens.). Same asHabile.
Hachel, hach′el,n.(Scot.) a sloven.
Hachure, hash′ūr,n.Same asHatching.
Hacienda, as-i-en′da,n.an estate or establishment. [Sp.,—L.facienda, things to be done,facĕre, to do.]
Hack, hak,v.t.to cut: to chop or mangle: to notch: to kick (another) at football.—n.a cut made by hacking: a kick on the shin.—n.Hack′ing, the operation of picking a worn grindstone, &c., with a hack-hammer.—adj.short and interrupted, as a broken, troublesome cough.—n.Hack′-log, a chopping-block. [A.S.haccian, in compositiontó-haccian; cf. Dut.hakken, Ger.hacken.]
Hack, hak,n.a horse kept for hire, esp. a poor one: any person overworked on hire: a literary drudge.—adj.hired, mercenary: used up.—v.t.to offer for hire: to use roughly.—n.Hack′-work, literary drudgery for which a person is hired by a publisher, as making dictionaries, &c. [Contr. ofhackney.]
Hack, hak,n.a grated frame, as a rack for feeding cattle, a place for drying bricks, &c. [Hatch.]
Hackberry, hak′ber-i,n.an American tree, allied to the elm. [SeeHagberry.]
Hackbut, hak′but,n.an arquebuse—alsoHag′but.—n.Hackbuteer′. [O. Fr.haquebute, from Dut.haakbus.SeeArquebuse.]
Hackee, hak′ē,n.the United States chipmuck or ground-squirrel. [Imit.]
Hackery, hak′er-i,n.a native bullock-cart. [Hind.chhakrā, a cart.]
Hackle, hak′l,n.an instrument with iron teeth for sorting hemp or flax: any flimsy substance unspun: a feather in a cock's neck: part of the dressing of a fly-hook used by anglers.—v.t.to dress with a hackle, as flax: to tear rudely asunder.—n.Hack′ler, a flax-dresser, heckler.—adj.Hack′ly, rough and broken, as if hacked or chopped: (min.) covered with sharp points. [Cf. Dut.hekel, Ger.hechel.]
Hacklet, hak′let,n.a kind of sea-bird, prob. the shear-water—alsoHag′let.—TheHagdenis the Greater Shear-water (Puffinus major).
Hackney, hak′ni,n.a horse for general use, esp. for hire: (obs.) a person hired for any mean work.—v.t.to carry in a hackney-coach: to use much: to make commonplace.—adjs.Hack′ney,Hack′neyed, let out for hire: devoted to common use: much used.—ns.Hack′ney-coach, a coach let out for hire;Hack′ney-coach′man;Hack′neyman, one who keeps hackney horses. [O. Fr.haquenee, an ambling nag; further history unknown.]
Hacqueton(Spens.). A form ofacton.
Had,pa.t.andpa.p.ofhave: (B.) held.—ns.Had′ding,Had′din(Scot.), a holding, residence.
Haddock, had′uk,n.a sea-fish of the cod family—(Scot.)Hadd′ie. [M. E.haddoke; ety. unknown.]
Hade, hād,n.(min.) the dip or underlie of a lode or fault.—v.i.to underlay or incline from the vertical.
Hades, hā′dēz,n.the unseen world: the abode of the dead indefinitely, hell. [Gr.haidēs,hadēs, dubiously derived froma, neg., andidein, to see.]
Hadith, had′ith,n.the body of traditions about Mohammed, supplementary to the Koran. [Ar.]
Hadj,Hajj, haj,n.a Mohammedan pilgrimage to Mecca or Medina.—ns.Hadji,Hajji(haj′i),one who has performed a Hadj. [Ar., 'a pilgrimage.']
Hadrosaurus, had-rō-sä′rus,n.a very large Dinosaurian of the Cretaceous epoch—abundant in New Jersey. [Gr.hadros, thick,sauros, a lizard.]
Hae, hā, a Scotch form ofhave.
Hæcceity, hek-sē′i-ti, hēk-,n.Duns Scotus's word for that element of existence on which individuality depends, hereness-and-nowness. [Lit. 'thisness,' L.hæc.]
Hæmacyte,Hem-, hē′ma-sīt,n.a blood-corpuscle.—n.Hæmacytom′eter, an instrument for determining the number of such in a given quantity of blood.
Hæmadynamics,Hem-, hē-ma-di-nam′iks,n.the dynamics or theory of the circulation of the blood.
Hæmal,Hemal, hē′mal,adj.relating to the blood or blood-vessels: ventral, the opposite ofNeural.—n.Hæ′machrome, the colouring matter of the blood.—adj.Hæ′matoid, resembling blood.—Hæmal arch, the position of a vertebra enclosing and protecting the heart and other viscera;Hæmal cavity, the thoracic-abdominal cavity, containing the heart, &c. [Gr.haima, blood.]
Hæmanthus, hē-man′thus,n.a genus of bulbous plants native to Africa, including the Cape tulip. [Gr.haima, blood,anthos, a flower.]
Hæmastatic,Hem-,-al,hē-ma-stat′ik,-al,adj.serving to stop the flow of blood.—n.pl.Hæmastat′ics, the statics of the blood and blood-vessels. [Gr.haima, blood,statikos, static.]
Hæmatein,Hem-, hē-ma-tē′in,n.an organic principle derived from the colouring matter of logwood.
Hæmatemesis, hē-ma-tem′e-sis,n.a vomiting of blood from the stomach. [Gr.haima,haimat-os, blood,emein, to vomit.]
Hæmatin,Hem-, hē′ma-tin,hem′a-tin,n.a brown substance associated with hemoglobin in the blood.—adjs.Hæmat′ic,Hæ′mic—n.pl.Hæmat′ics, that branch of medical science concerned with the blood.
Hæmatite,Hem-, hem′a-tīt,hē′ma-tīt,n.(min.) a valuable ore of iron, consisting chiefly of peroxide of iron—its two chief varieties, Red Hæmatite and Brown Hæmatite.—adj.Hæmatit′ic.
Hæmatoblast, hē′ma-to-blast,hem′-,n.one of the minute colourless discs, smaller than either the red or white corpuscles, found in the blood. [Gr.haima,haimat-os, blood,blastos, a germ.]
Hæmatocele,Hem-, hē′ma-to-sēl,n.a tumour containing blood. [Gr.haima, blood,kēlē, a tumour.]
Hæmatology, hē-ma-tol′o-ji,n.the branch of biology which relates to the blood.
Hæmatosis, hē-ma-tō′sis,n.the formation of blood, the conversion of venous into arterial blood.—n.Hæmatō′sin, hæmatin.
Hæmatoxylin,Hem-, hē-ma-tok′si-lin,n.a dye obtained from the logwood-tree. [Gr.haima, blood,xylon, wood.]
Hæmatozoa, hē-ma-to-zō′a,n.parasites occurring in the blood. [Gr.haima,haimat-os, blood,zōon, an animal.]
Hæmaturia, hē-ma-tū′ri-a,n.the discharge of blood with the urine, usually from disease of the kidneys or bladder. [Gr.haima, blood,ouron, urine.]
Hæmoglobin,Hem-, hē-mo-glō′bin,n.the red substance in the red blood-corpuscles. [Gr.haima, blood, L.globus, a ball.]
Hæmony, hē′mo-ni,n.a plant with sovereign properties against magic, &c., in Milton'sComus. [Prob. formed from Gr.haimōnios, blood-red.]
Hæmophilia, hē-mo-fil′i-a, hem-o-,n.a constitutional tendency to excessive bleeding when any blood-vessel is even slightly injured.
Hæmophthalmia, hē-mof-thal′mi-a,n.effusion of blood into the eye. [Gr.haima, blood,ophthalmos, the eye.]
Hæmoptysis, hē-mop′ti-sis,n.expectoration of blood. [Gr.haima, blood,ptysis, a spitting.]
Hæmorrhage,Hem-, hem′or-āj,n.a discharge of blood from the blood-vessels.—adj.Hæmorrhag′ic. [Gr.haimorrhagia—haima, blood,rhēgnynai, to burst.]
Hæmorrhoids,Hem-, hem′or-oidz,n.pl.dilated veins liable to discharge blood, esp. piles.—adj.Hæmorrhoid′al. [Gr.haimorrhoides—haima, blood,rhein, to flow.]
Hæmostasia, hē-mo-stā′si-a,n.stagnation of blood in any part: any operation for arresting the flow of blood, as the ligation of an artery.—adj.Hæmostat′ic, stopping or preventing hæmorrhage, styptic. [Gr.haima, blood,stasis, a standing.]
Haet,Hait, hāt,n.(Scot.) a whit.
Haffet, haf′et,n.(Scot.) the side of the head, the temples. [Prob.half-head—A.S.healf-héafod.]
Hafflin, haf′lin,adj.(Scot.) half-grown.—n.a fool.
Haft, haft,n.a handle.—v.t.to set in a haft: to establish firmly. [A.S.hæft; Ger.heft.]
Hag, hag,n.an ugly old woman, originally a witch: one of the Round Mouths, allied to the lamprey.—adj.Hag′gish, hag-like.—adv.Hag′gishly.—adj.Hag′-rid′den, ridden by witches, as a horse: troubled by nightmare.—ns.Hag′-seed, a witch's offspring;Hag′ship, the personality of a hag;Hag′weed, the common broom, a broomstick being usually bestridden by a witch in her flight through the air. [A.S.hægtesse, a witch; Ger.hexe.]
Hag, hag,n.(Scot.) any broken ground in a moss or bog: brushwood to be cut down.
Hagberry, hag′ber-i,n.the bird-cherry—sometimesHack′berry. [Prob. Scand.; Ice.heggr.]
Hagbut. SeeHackbut.
Hagden. SeeHacklet.
Haggada, ha-gä′da,n.a free Rabbinical homiletical commentary on the whole Old Testament, forming, together with theHalacha, the Midrash, but from its especial popularity often itself styled the Midrash—alsoHaggä′dah,Agä′dah.—adjs.Haggad′ic,Haggadist′ic, pertaining to the Haggada, said of free interpretation, opposed toHalachicor legal.—n.Hagg′adist. [Heb.]
Haggard, hag′ard,adj.lean: hollow-eyed: wild, applied to an untrained hawk—(arch.)Hagg′ed.—n.Hagg′ard, a hawk.—adv.Hagg′ardly. [O. Fr.hagard, prob. related tohaie, hedge.]
Haggard, hag′ard,n.a stackyard. [Hay-yard.]
Haggis, hag′is,n.a Scotch dish made of the heart, lungs, and liver of a sheep, calf, &c., chopped up with suet, onions, oatmeal, &c., seasoned and boiled in a sheep's stomach-bag. [Ety. unknown; not Fr.hachis, hash, assimilated withhag,hack.]
Haggle, hag′l,v.t.to cut unskilfully: to mangle.—v.i.to be slow and hard in making a bargain: to stick at trifles, to cavil.—n.Hagg′ler. [A variant ofhackle, itself a freq. ofhack, to cut.]
Hagiarchy, hā′ji-ar-ki,n.government by priests.—AlsoHagioc′racy. [Gr.hagios, sacred,archē, rule.]
Hagiographa, hag-i-og′ra-fa,n.pl.the last of the three Jewish divisions of the Old Testament, comprehending the books of Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, Ruth, Esther, Chronicles, Canticles, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes.—adj.Hagiog′raphal.—n.Hagiog′rapher, one of the writers of the Hagiographa: a sacred writer.—adjs.Hagiograph′ic,-al, pertaining to the Hagiographa. [Gr.hagiographa(biblia)—hagios, holy,graphein, to write.]
Hagiology, hag-i-ol′o-ji,n.history of saints.—n.Hagiog′rapher, a writer of saints' lives.—adjs.Hagiograph′ic,-al, pertaining to the writing of saints' lives.—ns.Hagiog′raphy, the lives of saints as a branch of literature;Hagiol′ater, one who worships saints;Hagiol′atry, the worship of saints.—adjs.Hagiolog′ic,-al.—n.Hagiol′ogist, one versed in the legends of saints. [Gr.hagios, holy,logia, discourse.]
Hagioscope, hag′-, or hā′ji-o-skōp,n.an oblique opening in the screen or chancel wall of a church to afford a view of the chief altar to those in a side chapel or aisle, a squint.—adj.Hagioscop′ic. [Gr.hagios, holy,skopein, to look.]
Hah, hä,interj.Same asHa.
Ha-ha, imitation of the sound of laughter.
Ha-ha,Hawhaw, haw-haw′,n.a sunk fence, or a ditch not seen till close upon it.
Hahnemannian, hä-ne-man′i-an,adj.of or relating to C. F. S.Hahnemann(1755-1843), founder of the homeopathic method of treatment.
Haiduk, hī′duk,n.one of those, from the forests of eastern Hungary, who in the 16th century maintained a guerilla warfare against the Turks. [Hung.hajduk, pl. ofhajdu, a cowherd.]
Haik, haik,n.an oblong piece of cloth which Arabs wrap round the head and body.—AlsoHaick,Haique,Hyke.
Haikh, haih,n.a branch of the Iranic group of Aryan languages, including Armenian and Ossetian: the native name of Armenia.—adj.Armenian.
Hail, hāl,v.t.to greet: to call to, at a distance: to address one passing.—n.a call: greeting.—interj.orimper.(lit.) may you be in health.—n.Hail′-fell′ow, a familiar friend.—adj.on hearty and intimate terms—'Hail, fellow! well met,' often used as a kind of descriptive adjective.—Hail from, to come from. [Ice.heill, health.]
Hail, hāl,n.frozen rain or particles of ice falling from the clouds.—v.i.to rain hail.—v.t.to pour down in rapid succession.—ns.Hail′shot, small shot which scatters like hail;Hail′stone, a single stone or ball of hail;Hail′-storm, a storm accompanied with hail.—adj.Hail′y. [A.S.hagol; Ger.hagel.]
Hain, hān,v.t.(Scot.) to save, preserve: to spare.—adj.Hained, saved, kept carefully.—n.Hain′ing, an enclosure. [Ice.hegna, to protect; cf. Sw.hägna; Dan.hegne.]
Hain't,Haint=have not, has not.
Hair, hār,n.a filament growing from the skin of an animal: the whole mass of hairs which forms a covering for the head or the whole body: (bot.) minute hair-like processes on the cuticle of plants: anything very small and fine: particular course, quality, or character: (mech.) a locking spring or other safety contrivance in the lock of a rifle, &c., capable of being released by a slight pressure on a hair-trigger.—ns.Hair′breadth,Hair's′-breadth, the breadth of a hair (Hairbreadth 'scape, a very narrow escape): a very small distance;Hair′-brush, a brush for the hair;Hair′cloth, cloth made partly or entirely of hair;Hair′dresser, one who dresses or cuts hair: a barber.—adj.Haired, having hair—asblack-haired,fair-haired, &c.—ns.Hair′-grass, a kind of grass found generally on poor soil, the bracts of whose florets are generally awned near the base;Hair′iness.—adj.Hair′less, without hair.—ns.Hair′-line, a line made of hair, used in fishing: a slender line made in writing or drawing: (print.) a very thin line on a type;Hair′-oil, perfumed oil used in dressing the hair;Hair′-pen′cil, an artist's brush made of a few fine hairs;Hair′-pin, a pin used in hairdressing;Hair′-pow′der, a white powder for dusting the hair;Hair′-shirt, a penitent's shirt of haircloth;Hair′-space, the thinnest metal space used by compositors;Hair′-split′ter, one who makes too nice distinctions;Hair′-split′ting, the art of making minute and over-nice distinctions;Hair′spring, a very fine hair-like spring coiled up within the balance-wheel of a watch;Hair′-stroke, in writing, a fine stroke with the pen: a hair-line;Hair′-trigg′er, a trigger which discharges a gun or pistol by a hair-like spring;Hair′-work, work done or something made with hair, esp. human;Hair′worm, a worm, like a horse-hair, which lives in the bodies of certain insects.—adj.Hair′y, of or resembling hair: covered with hair.—Against the hair, against the grain: contrary to what is natural;A hair of the dog that bit him, a smaller dose of that which caused the trouble, esp. used of the morning glass after a night's debauch—a homeopathic dose;Comb a person's hair the wrong way, to irritate or provoke him;Keep one's hair on(slang) to keep cool;Make the hair stand on end, to give the greatest astonishment or fright to another;Not to turn a hair, not to be ruffled or disturbed;Put up the hair, to dress the hair up on the head instead of wearing it hanging;Split hairs, to make superfine distinctions;To a hair,To the turn of a hair, exactly, with perfect nicety. [A.S.hǽr, Ger., Dut., and Dan.haar, &c.]
Hairst, hārst, a Scotch form ofharvest.
Haith, hāth,interj.(Scot.) by my faith!
Hajj. SeeHadj.
Hake, hāk,n.a gadoid fish resembling the cod—varieties are theSilver Hake, theMerluccio, theSquirrel-hake, &c.—ns.Hā′ked,Hac′ot(prov.), the pike (A.S.hacod; Ger.hecht). [Prob. Scand.; cf. Norw.hake-fisk, lit. 'hook-fish.']
Hake, hāk,n.(prov.) a hook, esp. a pot-hook: a pike. [Prob. Ice.haki; cf. Dut.haak.]
Hake, hāk,v.i.to idle or loiter about. [Cf. Dut.haken, to hanker.]
Hakeem,Hakim, ha-kēm′,n.a physician. [Ar.]
Hakim, hā′kim,n.a judge or governor in Mohammedan India.
Halachah,Halakah,Halacha,ha-lak′ä,n.an amplification of points not explicitly set forth in the Mosaic law, deduced from it by analogy, and arranged in the collection of legal precepts designatedHalachoth.—adj.Halach′ic, pertaining to halachoth, legal as opposed to homiletic or haggadic. [Heb.,—hālak, to walk.]
Halation, ha-lā′shun,n.ahalo-likeappearance in a photograph, caused by reflection of light.
Halberd, hal′bėrd,n.a weapon consisting of a wooden shaft some six feet long, surmounted by an axe-like instrument balanced on the opposite side by a hook or pick.—n.Halberdier′, one armed with a halberd. [O. Fr.halebard—Mid. High Ger.helmbarde(Ger.hellebarde)—halm, handle, orhelm, helmet; Old High Ger.barta(Ger.barte), an axe.]
Halcyon, hal′si-un,n.the kingfisher, once believed to make a floating nest on the sea, which remained calm while it was hatching.—adj.calm: peaceful: happy—henceHalcyon-days, a time of peace and happiness. [L.,—Gr.,alkyōn; as ifhals, the sea,kyein, to conceive.]
Hald, a Scotch form ofhold.
Hale, hāl,adj.healthy: robust: sound of body.—n.(Spens.) welfare.—n.Hale′ness. [Northern A.S.hál; the S. formshôl,hool, producewhole. There is a parallel N. form from Norseheill.]
Hale, hāl,v.t.to drag. [A variant ofhaul.]
Half, häf,n.one of two equal parts: a contraction of half-year, as in a school session:—pl.Halves(hävz).—adj.having or consisting of one of two equal parts: being in part: incomplete, as measures.—adv.in an equal part or degree: in part: imperfectly.—v.i.to divide into two equal parts.—ns.Half′-and-half, a mixture of beer or porter and ale;Half′-back, in football, a position on the right or left side of the field, between the quarter-back and full-back, or directly behind the forwards: a player occupying this position.—adj.Half′-baked, underdone: incomplete: half-witted.—v.t.Half′-baptise′, to baptise privately and hastily.—ns.Half′-bind′ing, a style of bookbinding in which the backs and corners are of leather, and the sides of paper or cloth;Half′-blood, relation between those who are of the same father or mother, but not of both.—adj.Half′-blood′ed.—ns.Half′-board(naut.), a manœuvre by which a sailing-ship gains distance to windward by luffing up into the wind;Half′-boot, a boot reaching half-way to the knee.—adj.Half′-bound, bound only partly in leather, as a book.—n.Half′-breed, one that is half-blooded.—adj.Half′-bred, half or not well bred or trained: wanting in refinement.—ns.Half′-broth′er,Half′-sis′ter, a brother or sister by one parent only;Half′-cap(Shak.), a cap only partly taken off: a slight salute;Half′-caste, a person one of whose parents belongs to a Hindu caste, and the other is a European: any half-breed;Half′-cheek(Shak.), a face in profile;Half′-cock, the position of the cock of a gun when retained by the first notch (seeCock);Half′-crown, a silver coin in England, of the value of two shillings and sixpence.—adj.Half′-dead, almost dead, nearly exhausted.—n.Half′-doll′ar, a silver coin of the United States, worth 50 cents.—adj.Half′-done, not fully cooked, roasted, &c.—n.Half′-doz′en, six.—adjs.Half′-ed′ucated, imperfectly educated;Half′en(Spens.), half.—adv.Half′endeal(Spens.), half.—adjs.Half′-faced(Shak.), showing only part of the face: wretched-looking;Half′-heart′ed, cold, ungenerous: lukewarm: indifferent.—adv.Half′-heart′edly.—ns.Half′-heart′edness;Half′-holiday, half of a working day for recreation;Half′-kir′tle, a kind of jacket worn by women in the 16th and 17th centuries;Half′-length, a portrait or photograph showing the upper part of the body.—adj.of half-length.—ns.Half′ling, a half-grown person, between a boy and a man;Half′-mast, the position of a flag lowered half-way down, in respect for the dead or in signal of distress;Half′-meas′ure, any means inadequate for the end proposed;Half′-moon, the moon at the quarters when but half of it is illuminated: anything semicircular;Half′-mourn′ing, a mourning costume less than deep or full mournings.—adj.Half′-nā′ked, as nearly naked as clothed.—ns.Half′-note(mus.), a minim, being one-half of a semibreve or whole note;Half′-one(golf), a handicap of one stroke every second hole;Half′-pay, reduced pay, as of naval or military officers when not in active service.—adj.receiving half-pay.—ns.Halfpenny(hā′pen-i),a copper coin worth half a penny: the value of half a penny: (Shak.) anything very small:—pl.Halfpence(hā′pens);Half′pennyworth, the worth or value of a halfpenny;Half′-pike, a pike with a shaft only half the length of the ordinary;Half′-price, a reduced charge of admission, &c.—adj.at half the usual prices.—adj.Half′-round(Milt.), semicircular.—ns.Half′-roy′al, a special kind of millboard or pasteboard;Half′-shell, one-half of a bivalve, as in oysters 'on the half-shell.'—adj.Half′-sight′ed, short-sighted.—n.Half′-sov′ereign, an English gold coin, worth ten shillings.—adj.Half′-starved, having insufficient food.—ns.Half′-suit, the body armour of the 17th century;Half′-sword(Shak.), fight within half a sword's length: close fight;Half′-tide, the tide half-way between flood and ebb.—adj.left dry at half-tide.—ns.Half′-tim′er, one who works only half the usual time, esp. a pupil in an elementary school allowed to be absent half the school-day at some employment;Half′-tint, an intermediate tint;Half′-tī′tle, a short title of a book at the head of the first page of the text, or a title of any subdivision of a book when printed in a full page;Half′-truth, a statement conveying only part of the truth.—adv.Half′-way, at half the way or distance: imperfectly.—adj.equally distant from two points.—adjs.Half′-wit′ted, weak in intellect;Half′-year′ly, occurring at every half-year or twice in a year.—adv.twice in a year.—n.Bett′er-half, a wife.—Half-seas-over, half-drunk.—Not half, to a very slight extent: (slang) not at all.—Cry halves, to claim a half-share;Go halves, to share equally with a person. [A.S.healf(Ger.halb, Dan.halv); original meaning 'side.']
Halibut, hal′i-but,n.the largest kind of flat-fishes, in form more elongated than the flounder or the turbot.—AlsoHol′ibut. [M. E.hali, holy, andbutte, a flounder, plaice, the fish being much eaten on fast or holy days; cf. Dut.heilbot, Ger.heilbutt.]
Halicore, hal-ik′o-ri,n.a dugong.
Halidom, hal′i-dom,n.(Spens.) holiness—used chiefly as an oath. [A.S.hálig, holy, and affix-dom.]
Halieutics, hal-i-ū′tiks,n.a treatise on fishes or fishing. [L.,—Gr.,—hals, the sea.]