Jougs.
Jougs, joogz,n.an iron neck-ring that constituted the old Scottish pillory. [O. Fr.joug, a yoke—L.jugum.]
Jouisance, jōō′is-ans,n.(Spens.) joyousness. [Fr.,—jouir, to enjoy—L.gaudēre, to rejoice.]
Jouk,Jook, jōōk,v.i.(Scot.) to duck or dodge: to bow.—ns.Jouk′ery,Jook′ery, trickery;Jouk′ery-pawk′ery, low cunning, trickery.
Joule, jōōl,n.the practical unit of electrical energy. [After James PrescottJoule(1818-89).]
Jounce, jowns,v.t.andv.i.to jolt, shake.
Journal, jur′nal,n.a daily register or diary: a book containing an account of each day's transactions: a newspaper published daily or otherwise: a magazine: the transactions of any society.—n.Journalese′, the language of journalism.—v.i.Jour′nalīse, to write articles for a journal.—v.t.to enter in a journal:—pr.p.jour′nalīsing;pa.p.jour′nalīsed.—ns.Jour′nalism, the keeping of a journal: the profession of conducting or writing for public journals;Jour′nalist, one who writes for or conducts a newspaper.—adj.Journalist′ic, pertaining to journalism. [Fr.,—L.diurnalis.]
Journal, jur′nal,n.(mech.) that part of a shaft or axle which rests in the bearings.—v.t.to insert, as a shaft, in a journal-bearing.
Journey, jur′ni,n.any travel: tour: excursion: the weight of finished coins delivered at one time to the Master of the Mint—alsoJour′ney-weight.—v.i.Jour′ney, to travel:—pr.p.jour′neying;pa.p.jour′neyed(-nid).—adj.Jour′ney-bat′ed(Shak.), wayworn.—ns.Jour′neyman, one who works by the day: any hired workman: one whose apprenticeship is completed;Jour′ney-work, work done by a journeyman or for hire. [Fr.journée—jour, a day—L.diurnus.]
Joust, jōōst,Just, just,n.the encounter of two knights on horseback at a tournament.—v.i.to run in the tilt. [O. Fr.jouste,joste—L.juxta, nigh to.]
Jovial, jō′vi-al,adj.joyous: full of mirth and happiness.—ns.Jove, Jupiter;Jovial′ity,Jō′vialness, quality of being jovial.—adv.Jō′vially. [L.,—Jupiter,Jovis, Jupiter, an auspicious star.]
Jow, jow,v.t.andv.i.(Scot.) to ring, toll.—n.a stroke of a bell.
Jowl, jowl,n.the jaw or cheek.—n.Jowl′er, a heavy-jawed hound. [M. E. forms arechol,chaul, corr. fromchavel, and this again from A.S.ceafl,the jaw.]
Jowl, jōl,v.t.(Shak.). Same asJole, to beat.
Jowter, jow′tėr,n.a fish-hawker.—AlsoJow′der. [Prob. a form ofjolter.]
Joy, joi,n.gladness: rapture, mirth: the cause of joy.—v.i.to rejoice: to be glad: to exult:—pr.p.joy′ing;pa.p.joyed.—v.t.Joy(Milt.), to enjoy.—n.Joy′ance(Spens.), gaiety, festivity.—adj.Joy′ful, full of joy: very glad, happy, or merry.—adv.Joy′fully.—n.Joy′fulness.—adj.Joy′less, without joy: not giving joy.—adv.Joy′lessly.—n.Joy′lessness.—adj.Joy′ous, full of joy, happiness, or merriment.—adv.Joy′ously.—n.Joy′ousness.—The Seven Joys of the Virgin:—the Annunciation, the Visitation, the Nativity, the Adoration of the three wise men, the Presentation in the Temple, the Discovery of the child in the Temple amidst the doctors, her Assumption and Coronation. [Fr.joie(It.gioja)—L.gaudium—gaudēre, to rejoice.]
Juba, jōō′ba,n.a negro breakdown or rustic dance, in which the spectators clap hands, slap their thighs, and sing verses withjubaas a refrain.
Jubate, jōō′bāt,adj.having a mane.
Jubbah, jub′a,n.a long loose outer garment worn by Mohammedans in India, &c.
Jube, jōō′bē,n.the rood-loft or gallery over the entrance to the choir of a church. [L., imperat. ofjubēre, to command.]
Jubilant, jōō′bi-lant,adj.shouting for joy: rejoicing: uttering songs of triumph.—n.Ju′bilance, exultation.—adv.Jubilantly.—v.i.Ju′bilate, to exult, rejoice.—ns.Jubilā′tē, the third Sunday after Easter, so called because the Church Service began on that day with the 66th Psalm, 'Jubilate Deo,' &c.: also the 100th Psalm, which in the English Prayer-Book is a canticle used as an alternative for the Benedictus;Jubilā′tion, a shouting for joy: the declaration of triumph. [L.jubilāre, to shout for joy. Not conn. withJubilee.]
Jubilee, jōō′bi-lē,n.the year of release among the Jews every fiftieth year, proclaimed by the sound of a trumpet: the celebration of a fiftieth anniversary—e.g. of a king's accession, a bishop's consecration, &c.: in the R.C. Church, a year (every twenty-fifth—Ordinary jubilee) of indulgence for pilgrims and others, anExtraordinary jubileebeing specially appointed by the Pope: any season of great public joy and festivity. [Fr.jubilé—L.jubilæus—Heb.yōbel, a trumpet, the blast of a trumpet.]
Jud, jud,n.a mass of coal holed or undercut so as to be thrown down by wedges.
Judaic,-al, jōō-dā′ik, -al,adj.pertaining to the Jews.—adv.Judā′ically.—n.Judaisā′tion.—v.t.Ju′daīse, to conform to or practise Judaism.—ns.Judaī′ser;Ju′daism, the doctrines and rites of the Jews: conformity to the Jewish rites;Ju′daist, one who holds the doctrines of Judaism.—adj.Judaist′ic, pertaining to Judaism.—adv.Judaist′ically. [L.Judaicus—Juda, Judah, a son of Israel.]
Judas, jōō′das,n.a traitor: an opening in a jail-door, &c.—adj.Ju′das-col′oured, red of hair—Judastraditionally being red-haired.—ns.Ju′das-hole, a small hole in a door for watching;Ju′das-kiss, any act of treachery under the guise of kindness (Matt. xxvi. 48, 49);Ju′das-tree, a tree with rose-coloured flowers that appear before the leaves—Judashaving hanged himself on one.
Judean, jōō-dē′an,adj.belonging toJudea.—n.a native of Judea.
Judge, juj,v.i.to point out or declare what is just or law: to hear and decide: to pass sentence: to compare facts to determine the truth: to form or pass an opinion: to distinguish.—v.t.to hear and determine authoritatively: to sentence: to decide the merits of: to be censorious towards: to consider: (B.) to condemn.—n.one who judges: a civil officer who hears and settles any cause: an arbitrator: one who can decide upon the merit of anything: in Jewish history, a supreme magistrate having civil and military powers: (pl.) title of 7th book of the Old Testament.—ns.Judge′ship, the office of a judge;Judg′ment, act of judging: the comparing of ideas to elicit truth: faculty by which this is done, the reason: opinion formed: taste: sentence: condemnation: doom;Judg′ment-day, the day on which God will pronounce final judgment on mankind;Judg′ment-debt, a debt evidenced by legal record;Judg′ment-hall, a hall where a court of justice meets;Judg′ment-seat, seat or bench in a court from which judgment is pronounced. [Fr.juger—L.judicāre—jus, law,dicĕre, to declare.]
Judica, jōō′di-ka,n.Passion Sunday—from the opening words of the introit, 'Judicame, Deus' (43d Ps.).
Judicature, jōō′di-kā-tūr,n.power of dispensing justice by legal trial: jurisdiction: a tribunal.—adjs.Ju′dicable, that may be judged or tried;Ju′dicātive, having power to judge;Ju′dicātory, pertaining to a judge: distributing justice.—n.distribution of justice: a tribunal.
Judicial, jōō-dish′al,adj.pertaining to a judge or court of justice: established by statute.—adv.Judic′ially.—Judicial Committee, an offshoot of the Privy Council, forming a court of appeal;Judicial factor, in Scotland, an administrator appointed by the courts to manage the estate of some one under some imperfection;Judicial separation, the separation of two married persons by order of the Divorce Court. [L.judicialis—judicium.]
Judiciary, jōō-dish′i-ar-i,n.the judges taken collectively.—adj.pertaining to the courts of law: passing judgment. [L.judiciarius.]
Judicious, jōō-dish′us,adj.according to sound judgment: possessing sound judgment: discreet.—adv.Judic′iously.—n.Judic′iousness. [Fr.judicieux—Low L.judiciosus—L.judicium.]
Judy, jōō′di,n.Punch's wife in the puppet-show: a native Chinese strumpet. [Corr. ofJudith.]
Jug, jug,n.a large vessel with a swelling body and narrow mouth for liquors.—v.t.to boil or stew as in a jug:—pr.p.jug′ging;pa.p.jugged.—Jugged hare(seeHare);Stone jug(slang), jail. [Prob.Judy, jocularly applied to a drinking-vessel; cf.JackandJillin a like sense.]
Jug, jug,v.i.to utter the soundjug, as certain birds, esp. the nightingale.—n.Jug-jug. [Imit.]
Jugal, jōō′gal,adj.malar: joining, uniting.—n.a bone of the zygomatic arch, malar bone.
Jugate,-d, jōō′gāt, -ed,adj.(bot.) having the leaflets in pairs: joined as jugata on a coin, &c.—n.pl.Ju′gata, heads shown side by side or overlapping.
Juggernaut, jug′er-nawt,n.an idol of the Hindu god Vishnu, beneath whose car devotees were supposed to immolate themselves; hence the 'car of Juggernaut' stands metaphorically for any Moloch of self-sacrifice. [Sans.Jagannātha, lord of the world.]
Juggins, jug′ginz,n.(slang) a simpleton.
Juggle, jug′l,v.i.to joke or jest: to amuse by sleight-of-hand: to conjure: to practise artifice or imposture.—n.a trick by sleight-of-hand: an imposture.—ns.Jugg′ler, one who performs tricks by sleight-of-hand: a trickish fellow;Jugg′lery, art or tricks of a juggler: legerdemain: trickery.—adv.Jugg′lingly, in a deceptive manner. [O. Fr.jogler—L.joculāri, to jest—jocus, a jest.]
Juglans, jōō′glanz,n.a genus of the walnut family.
Jugular, jug′ū-lar,adj.pertaining to the collar-bone, which joins the neck and shoulders.—n.one of the large veins on each side of the neck. [L.jugulum, the collar-bone—jungĕre, to join.]
Juice, jōōs,n.the sap of vegetables: the fluid part of animal bodies.—adj.Juice′less.—n.Juic′iness.—adj.Juic′y. [Fr.,—L.jus, broth, lit. mixture.]
Jujube, jōō′jōōb,n.a genus of spiny shrubs or small trees, the fruit of which is dried as a sweetmeat: a lozenge made of sugar and gum. [Fr.,—L.zizyphum—Gr.zizyphon—Pers.zīzfun, the jujube-tree.]
Julep, jōō′lep,n.a pleasant liquid medicine in which other nauseous medicines are taken.—AlsoJu′lap. [Fr.,—Sp.julepe—Ar.jūlāb—Pers.jūlāb.]
Julian, jōōl′yan,adj.pertaining to C.JuliusCæsar (B.C.100-44).—Julian year(seeYear).
Julienne, zhü-li-en′,n.a clear soup, with shredded herbs. [Julien, a French cook in Boston.]
July, jōō′lī,n.the seventh month of the year—from CaiusJuliusCæsar, who was born in it.
Jumart, jōō′mart,n.the offspring of a bull and a mare, or horse and cow. [Fr.,—L.jumentum.]
Jumble, jum′bl,v.t.to mix confusedly: to throw together without order.—v.i.to be mixed together confusedly: to be agitated: to jump at, to accept eagerly.—n.a confused mixture.—n.Jum′ble-sale, a charity bazaar of cast-off clothing, rubbish, &c.—adv.Jum′blingly, in a jumbled or confused manner. [Prob. a freq. ofjump.]
Jumbo, jum′bō,n.a colossus.—adj.huge, colossal. [Name of a huge elephant sold in 1882 from the London Zoological Gardens to P. T. Barnum.]
Jump, jump,v.i.to spring upward, or forward, or both: to bound: to pass to as by a leap: to agree, coincide (with).—v.t.to pass by a leap: to skip over: to cause to start, as game:—pr.p.jump′ing;pa.p.jumped.—n.act of jumping: a bound, a hazard.—adv.(Shak.) exactly.—ns.Jump′er, one who jumps: a long iron drill or borer used in quarries and mines: (pl.) a term applied to certain Welsh Methodists (c. 1760), who jumped about in worship:Jump′ing-deer, the black-tailed American deer;Jump′ing-hare, a South African rodent, akin to the jerboas;Jump′-seat, a carriage-seat which may be moved backwards or forwards, so as to be used as single or double: a carriage with a movable seat;Count′er-jump′er, a draper's shopman.—Jump a claim(U.S.), to take land to which another already holds a claim;Jump at, to embrace with eagerness;Jump one's bail, to abscond, forfeiting one's bail;Jump over, to disregard, omit;Jump over the broomstick, to make an irregular marriage. [From a Teut. root seen in Sw. dial.gumpa, Middle High Ger.gumpen, to jump.]
Jump, jump,Jumper, jump′er,n.a loose garment: overall. [More prob. a thing to bejumpedor slipped on, than from Fr.jupe, a petticoat, skirt.]
Juncaceous, jun-kā′shus,adj.of or pertaining to theJuncaceæ, a natural order of plants, of which theJun′cus, or rush, is the type.
Juncate, jungk′āt,n.Same asJunket.
Junco, jung′kō,n.a North American snow-bird.
Junction, jungk′shun,n.a joining, a union or combination: place or point of union. [Join.]
Juncture, jungk′tūr,n.a joining, a union: a critical or important point of time. [L.junctura.]
June, jōōn,n.the sixth month, originally of 26 days, but since Julius Cæsar's time of 30. [L.Junius, the sixth month, prob. from root of L.juvenis, junior.]
Juneating, an erroneous form ofjenneting.
Jungermannia, joong-ger-man′i-ä,n.(bot.) a suborder ofHepaticæ. [From a German botanist,Jungermann(1572-1653).]
Jungle, jung′gl,n.land covered with thick brushwood, &c.—ns.Jungle-fē′ver, a severe malarial or remittent fever;Jung′le-fowl, a wild species of genusGallus, the parent of our barn-door fowl.—adj.Jung′ly. [Sans.jañgala, desert.]
Junior, jōōn′yur,adj.younger: less advanced.—n.one younger or less advanced.—ns.Junior′ity,Jun′iorship;Jun′ior-right, borough-English (q.v.).—Junior optime, a third-class honours man at Cambridge, next to Wranglers and Senior Optimes;Junior soph, an undergraduate of the second year at Cambridge. [Contr. of L.juvenior, younger—juvenis, young.]
Juniper, jōō′ni-pėr,n.an evergreen shrub, the berries of which are used in making gin. [L.juniperus—juvenis, young,parĕre, to bring forth.]
Junk, jungk,n.a Chinese vessel, with high forecastle and poop, sometimes large and three-masted. [Port.junco—Chinesechw‛an, a boat.]
Junk, jungk,n.pieces of old cordage, used for making mats, &c., and when picked to pieces, forming oakum for the seams of ships: salt meat supplied to vessels for long voyages, so called because it becomes as hard as old rope.—ns.Junk′-deal′er,Junk′man, a dealer in junk;Junk′-ring, a metal ring confining a fibrous piston-packing;Junk′-shop, a place where junk is bought and sold. [L.juncus, a rush.]
Junk, jungk,n.a thick piece, chunk. [Chunk.]
Junk-bottle, junk′bot-l,n.a thick, strong bottle, of green or black glass.
Junker, yōōng′kėr,n.a young German noble or squire.—n.Junk′erism, the narrow political and social ideas of the aristocratic party in Prussia calledJunkers.
Junket, jung′ket,n.any sweetmeat or delicacy: curds mixed with cream, sweetened and flavoured: a feast or merrymaking, a picnic, a spree.—v.i.to feast, banquet, take part in a convivial entertainment or spree.—v.t.to feast, regale, entertain:—pr.p.junketing;pa.p.jun′keted.—n.Junk′eting, a merry feast or entertainment, picnicking. [It.guincata—L.juncus, a rush.]
Juno, jōō′nō,n.in Roman mythology, the wife of Jupiter, parallel with the Greek Hera, regarded as the special protectress of marriage and the guardian of woman from birth to death: a queenly woman.—adj.Junō′nian.
Junta, jun′ta,n.a meeting, council: a Spanish grand council of state. [Sp.,—L.jungĕre, to join.]
Junto, jun′tō,n.a body of men joined or united for some secret intrigue: a confederacy: a cabal or faction:—pl.Jun′tos. [Sp.junta.]
Jupati-palm, jōō′pa-tē-päm,n.a South American palm yielding the raphia-fibre.
Jupiter, jōō′pi-tėr,n.the chief god among the Romans, the parallel of the Greek Zeus—alsoJove: the largest and, next to Venus, the brightest of the planets.—Jupiter's beard, the house-leek. [L., Gr.Zeus patēr, Sans.Dyaus pitar, lit. 'Jove (Zeus) father.']
Jupon, jōō′-pon,n.a sleeveless jacket or close-fitting coat, extending down over the hips: a petticoat.—n.Jupette′, a jupon with very short skirt. [Fr.jupon,jupe, a petticoat.]
Jural, jōō′ral,adj.pertaining to natural or positive right.—adv.Ju′rally.
Jurassic, jōō-ras′sik,adj.(geol.) one of the three divisions of the Mesozoic rocks, including the Lias and Oolites, and so called from its well-developed strata in theJuraMountains.
Jurat, jōō′rat,n.the official memorandum at the end of an affidavit, showing the time when and the person before whom it was sworn.
Jurat, jōō′rat,n.a sworn officer, as a magistrate.
Jurant, jōō′rant,adj.taking an oath.—n.one who takes an oath.—adj.Ju′ratory, pertaining to an oath.
Juridical, jōō-rid′ik-al,adj.relating to the distribution of justice: pertaining to a judge: used in courts of law.—adv.Jurid′ically. [L.juridicus—jus,juris, law,dicere[typo:dicĕre], to declare.]
Jurisconsult, jōō-ris-kon′sult,n.one who is consulted on the law: a lawyer who gives opinions on cases put to him: a jurist. [L.jus,juris, law,consultus—consultere, to consult.]
Jurisdiction, jōō-ris-dik′shun,n.the distribution of justice: legal authority: extent of power: district over which any authority extends.—adjs.Jurisdic′tional,Jurisdic′tive. [Fr.,—L.jurisdictio.]
Jurisprudence, jōō-ris-prōō′dens,n.the science or knowledge of law.—adj.Jurispru′dent, learned in law.—n.one who is learned in law.—adj.Jurispruden′tial.—Medical jurisprudence, forensic medicine (seeForensic). [Fr.—L.,jurisprudentia—jus,juris, law,prudentia, knowledge.]
Jurist, jōō′rist,n.one who is versed in the science of law, esp. Roman or civil law: a civilian.—adjs.Jurist′ic,-al.—adv.Jurist′ically. [Fr.juriste.]
Jury, jōō′ri,n.a body of not less than twelve men, selected and sworn, as prescribed by law, to declare the truth on evidence before them: a committee for deciding prizes at a public exhibition.—ns.Ju′ror, one who serves on a jury—alsoJu′ryman;Ju′ry-box, the place in which the jury sit during a trial.—Jury of matrons, a jury of 'discreet' women impanelled to try a question of pregnancy, as where a widow alleges herself to be with child by her late husband, or a woman sentenced to death, to stay execution, pleads that she is with child. [Fr.juré, sworn—jurer—L.jurāre, to swear.]
Jurymast, jōō′ri-mäst,n.a temporary mast raised instead of one lost.—adj.Ju′ry-rigged, rigged in a temporary way.—n.Ju′ry-rudd′er, a temporary rudder for one lost. [Notinjury-mast, but O. Fr.ajurie, aid—L.adjutāre, to aid.]
Jus, jus,n.law right.—Jus civile, the civil law;Jus divinum, the divine right of kings;Jus gentium, law of nations;Jus mariti, the right of a husband;Jus naturale, the law of nature, the common sense of justice;Jus primæ noctis, the alleged right of a feudal superior to deflower a young bride.
Jussive, jus′iv,adj.expressing command.—n.a grammatical form or construction expressing commands.
Just, just,n.a tilt. Same asJoust.
Just, just,adv.lawful: upright: exact: regular: true: righteous.—adv.precisely, almost exactly, very lately, (coll.) quite, barely.—adv.Just′ly, in a just manner: equitably: uprightly: accurately: by right.—n.Just′ness, equity: propriety: exactness. [Fr.,—L.justus—jus, law.]
Justice, jus′tis,n.quality of being just: integrity: impartiality: desert: retribution: a judge: a magistrate.—ns.Jus′ticeship, office or dignity of a justice or judge;Justic′iary,Justic′iar, an administrator of justice: a chief-justice.—Justice of the Peace(abb. J.P.), an inferior magistrate;Justices' justice, a term sarcastically applied to the kind of justice sometimes administered by the unpaid and amateur magistracy of England.—Lord Chief-justice, the chief judge of the King's (or Queen's) Bench Division of the High Court of Justice;Lord Justice-clerk, the Scottish judge ranking next to the Lord-Justice-general, presiding over the Outer House or Second Division of the Court of Session, vice-president of the High Court of Justiciary;Lord Justice-general, the highest judge in Scotland, called also the Lord President of the Court of Session.—High Court of Justiciary, the supreme criminal court of justice in Scotland. [Fr.,—L.justitia.]
Justify, jus′ti-fī,v.t.to make just: to prove or show to be just or right: to vindicate: to absolve:—pr.p.jus′tifying;pa.p.jus′tified.—adj.Justifī′able, that may be justified or defended.—n.Justifī′ableness.—adv.Justifī′ably.—n.Justificā′tion, vindication: absolution: a plea of sufficient reason for.—adjs.Jus′tificātive,Jus′tificātory, having power to justify.—n.Jus′tifier, one who defends, or vindicates: he who pardons and absolves from guilt and punishment.—Justification by faith, the doctrine that men are justified by faith in Christ. [Fr.,—L.justificāre—justus, just,facĕre, to make.]
Justle, jus′l,v.t.Same asJostle.
Jut, jut,v.i.to project:—pr.p.jut′ting;pa.p.jut′ted.—adv.Jut′tingly, projectingly.—n.Jut′-win′dow, a projecting window. [A form ofjet.]
Jute, jōōt,n.the fibre of an Indian plant resembling hemp, used in the manufacture of coarse bags, mats, &c. [Orissajhot, Sans.jhat.]
Jutty, jut′i,n.a projecting part of a building: a pier, a jetty.—v.t.andv.i.(Shak.) to jut. [Jut.]
Juvenal, jōō′ve-nal,n.(Shak.) a youth. [L.]
Juvenescent, jōō-ven-es′ent,adj.becoming young.—n.Juvenesc′ence. [L.juvenescĕre, to grow young.]
Juvenile, jōō′ve-nīl, or-nil,adj.young: pertaining or suited to youth: puerile.—n.a young person: a book written for such: an actor who plays youthful parts.—ns.Ju′venileness,Juvenil′ity. [Fr.,—L.juvenilis—juvenis, young.]
Juxtaposition, juks-ta-pō-zish′un,n.a placing or being placed near: contiguity.—v.t.Juxtapose′, to place side by side. [L.juxta, near, andposition.]
Jymold, jī′mold,adj.(Shak.). Same asGimmal.
K
the eleventh letter in our alphabet, its sound that of the sharp guttural mute, formed by raising the tongue to the back of the palate: (chem.) the symbol for potassium: (math.) generally a constant coefficient: also a unit vector perpendicular toiandj: as a medieval numeral, 250.
Kaaba, kä′bä, or kā′a-bä,n.Same asCaaba(q.v.).
Kabala, kab′a-la,n.Same asCabala.
Kabyle, ka-bīl′,n.one of a branch of the great Berber race of North Africa: a dialect of Berber spoken by many of the Kabyles. [Fr.,—Ar.Qabāil, pl. ofqabīla, a tribe.]
Kaddish, kad′ish,n.a Jewish form of thanksgiving and prayer, used at funerals, &c. [Heb.]
Kadi, kā′di,n.Same asCadi.
Kae, kā,n.(Scot.) a jackdaw.—AlsoKa.
Kaffiyeh, kaf′i-ye,n.a small shawl worn about the head in Syria.
Kafila, kaf′i-la,n.a camel train, caravan.
Kafir, kaf′ir,n.one of a native race of SE. Africa.—Kafir bread, the pith of a South African plant;Kafir corn, Indian millet. [Ar., unbeliever.]
Kaftan. Same asCaftan.
Kago, kag′ō,n.a Japanese basket with palanquin slung from a pole and carried by men.
Kaiak. Same asKayak.
Kaif, kīf,n.undisturbed quiescence. [Ar.]
Kail, kāl,n.a ninepin. [Cf. Dut. and Ger.kegel.]
Kail. SeeKale.
Kaimakam, kī-ma-kam′,n.a lieutenant-colonel in the Turkish army: the administrator of a subdivision of a vilayet.
Kain, kān,n.in old Scots law, rent paid in kind, e.g. in poultry, to a landlord.
Kainite, kī′nīt,n.a hydrated compound of the chlorides and sulphates of magnesium and potassium, used as a fertiliser. [Gr.kainos, new.]
Kainozoic. Same asCainozoic.
Kaiser, kī′zėr,n.an emperor, esp. of Germany and Austria.—n.Kai′sership. [Ger.,—L.Cæsar.]
Kaka, kä′ka,n.a New Zealand parrot.—n.Ka′kapo, a nocturnal flightless New Zealand parrot.
Kakemono, kak-e-mō′nō,n.a Japanese wall-picture or decoration, painted on silk, gauze, or paper, and mounted on cylindrical rods.
Kaki, kä′kē,n.the persimmon of Japan, or Chinese date.
Kakistocracy, kak-is-tok′rā-si,n.government by the worst men in the state. [Gr.kakistos, superl. ofkakos, bad,kratia, rule.]
Kakodyl. SeeCacodyl.
Kala, kä′la,n.time: destiny.—Kâla chakra, the wheel of time. [Sans.]
Kalamdan, kal′am-dan,n.a Persian writing-case, with compartments for ink, reed-pens, knife, &c.
Kalamkari, kal-am-kar′i,n.a method of colouring and decorating by several dyeings or printings, also a chintz so treated. [Pers.]
Kale,Kail, kāl,n.a cabbage with open curled leaves, cabbage generally: broth of which kale is a chief ingredient.—ns.Kail′yard, a kitchen-garden;Kale′-runt, a cabbage-stem.—Kailyard-school, a group of writers of stories of humble Scotch country life—S. R. Crockett, Ian Maclaren, &c. [Cole.]
Kaleidophone, ka-lī′do-fōn,n.an instrument consisting of a rod or thin plate with a knob at the end, for showing the curves corresponding with the musical notes produced by the vibrations. [Gr.kalos, beautiful,eidos, form,phōnē, sound.]
Kaleidoscope, ka-lī′do-skōp,n.an optical toy in which we see an endless variety of beautiful colours and forms.—adj.Kaleidoscop′ic. [Gr.kalos, beautiful,eidos, form,skopein, to see.]
Kalendar,Kalends=Calendar,Calends.
Kalevala, kal-e-vä′lä,n.the great Finnish epic, written in eight-syllabled trochaic verse (from which Longfellow'sHiawathais imitated), taken down from the lips of the peasantry and pieced together by Dr. Lönnrot of Helsingfors in 1835, in extended form (22,793 verses) in 1849. [Finnish,kaleva, a hero,-la, denoting place.]
Kali, kal′i, or kā′lī,n.the prickly saltwort or glasswort.—adj.Kalig′enous, producing alkalies.—n.Kā′lium, potassium.
Kali, kä′lē,n.a carpet with long nap, also the large carpet covering the centre of a Persian room.
Kali, kä′lē,n.a Hindu goddess, wife of Siva, the dark goddess of destruction—called alsoDurga.
Kalif, kā′lif,n.Same asCalif.
Kaliyuga, kal-i-yōō′ga,n.in Hindu mythology, the present age of the world, the fourth, characterised by universal degeneracy.
Kalmia, kal′mi-ä,n.a genus of North American evergreen shrubs, including the American mountain laurel. [From PeterKalm, pupil of Linnæus.]
Kalmuck, kal′muk,n.a member of a Mongolian race.—AlsoCal′muck. [Russ.]
Kalology, kal-ol′o-ji,n.the science of beauty in itself considered. [Gr.kalos, beautiful,logia, discourse.]
Kalong, ka-long′,n.a general name of the large fruit-bats, flying foxes, &c.
Kalotype. Same asCalotype.
Kalpa, kal′pa,n.a day of Brahma, a period of 4320 million years.—AlsoCal′pa. [Sans., 'formation.']
Kalpis, kal′pis,n.a three-handled water-vase. [Gr.]
Kalsomine, an incorrect form ofcalcimine, which see underCalcium.
Kalyptra, ka-lip′tra,n.a thin veil worn by Greek women over the hair.
Kam, käm,adj.(Shak.) crooked.
Kama, kä′ma,n.the god of love in the Purânas: impure desire.—AlsoCama,Ka′madeva.
Kamera, kam′ė-ra,n.a room. SeeCamera.
Kames, kāmz,n.pl.(geol.) banks and ridges of gravel, sand, &c., associated with the glacial deposits of Scotland—the same asåsar(q.v.) andeskar.
Kami, kä′mi,n.a Japanese term for a lord, for any of the national gods, demi-gods, or deified heroes, or any of their supposed descendants, as the mikados and the imperial family. [Japanese, 'superior.']
Kamichi, kam′i-chi,n.the horned screamer.
Kamila,Kamela, ka-mē′la,n.an East Indian orange dye-stuff yielded by a common Madras tree of the spurge family.
Kamis,Kamees, ka-mēs′,n.the long loose sleeved shirt worn by men in Mohammedan countries.
Kampong, kam-pong′,n.an enclosed space. [Malay.]
Kamptulicon, kamp-tū′li-kon,n.a ground cork and caoutchouc floorcloth. [Gr.kamptein, to bend.]
Kamsin. SeeKhamsin.
Kana, kä′na,n.Japanese writing, as distinguished from Japanese written in Chinese characters.
Kanaka, ka-nak′a,n.a Hawaiian or Sandwich Islander: one of the native labourers brought from the Pacific islands, on engagement for a certain fixed number of years, to Australia, &c. [Hawaiian, 'a man.']
Kaneh, kä′ne,n.a Hebrew measure of 6 cubits length.—AlsoCā′neh.
Kang, kang,n.a large Chinese water-jar: an oven-like brick structure in northern China, for sleeping on at night, a fire being lighted underneath.
Kangaroo, kang-gar-ōō′,n.a large marsupial mammal of Australia, with very long hind-legs and great power of leaping.—n.Kangaroo′-grass, a valuable Australian fodder grass.
Kans, kanz,n.a common Indian grass, allied to the sugar-cane.
Kanten, kan′ten,n.a gelatinous substance extracted from seaweeds, used for soups and for sizing. [Jap.]
Kantian, kan′shi-an,adj.pertaining to the doctrines of, or belonging to, the great German philosopher, ImmanuelKant(1724-1804).—ns.Kan′tianism,Kant′ism, the doctrines orphilosophyof Kant;Kant′ist, a disciple or follower of Kant.
Kantikoy,Canticoy, kan′ti-koi,n.a religious dance among American Indians, a dancing-match.—v.i.to dance as an act of worship.
Kanuck, ka-nuk′,n.(U.S.) a Canadian.—AlsoCanuck′. [Ind.]
Kaolin, kä′o-lin,n.same asChina clay. [From the mountainKao-ling('high ridge') in China.]
Kapellmeister, kä-pel′mīs-ter,n.the director of an orchestra or choir, esp. the band of a ruling prince in Germany. [Ger.kapelle, chapel, orchestra,meister, master.]
Kapnography, kap-nog′ra-fi,n.the art of producing decorative designs on a smoked surface with a fine point, shading by successive deposits of carbon from a flame, fixed by varnish.—adj.Kapnograph′ic. [Gr.kapnos, smoke,graphia—graphein, to write.]
Kapok, ka-pok′,n.a cottony or silky fibre covering the seeds of a species of silk-cotton tree, used for stuffing pillows, &c.
Karaite, kā′rä-īt,n.one of a stricter sect of Jews who cling to the literal interpretation of Scripture as against oral tradition. [Heb.karaīm, readers.]
Karma, kär′mä,n.the Buddhist conception of the quality of actions, including both merit and demerit, determining the future condition of all sentient beings by a sort of virtue inherent in the nature of things—by the blind and unconscious but inevitable concatenation of cause and effect: the theory of inevitable consequence generally: the result of the actions of a life.—adj.Kar′mic. [Sans.karma, work.]
Karmathian, kär-mā′thi-an,n.a member of a pantheistic socialistic Mohammedan sect which arose in Turkey about the close of the 9th century. [Karmat, its founder.]
Karob, kar′ob,n.among goldsmiths, the twenty-fourth part of a grain.
Karroo, ka-rōō′,n.a generic name given to the high barren plains of Cape Colony.—AlsoKaroo′. [Hottentot,karusa, hard.]
Kassu, kas′ōō,n.a kind of catechu made from the fruit of the betel-nut palm.
Kat, kat,n.the chief ancient Egyptian unit of weight,1⁄50lb. avoirdupois.
Katabolism, kat-ab′ol-izm,n.(biol.) the discharging or disruptive process to which protoplasm is constantly subject—the opposite ofAnabolism, the up-building, constructive process.—AlsoCatab′olism. [Gr.katabolē,kataballein, to throw down.]
Katakana, kat-a-kä′na,n.one of the two styles of writing the syllabary of 48 letters in use among the Japanese (the other beingHiragana), used chiefly for proper names and foreign words.
Katydid, kā-ti-did′,n.an American insect akin to the grasshopper. [Imit. of its note.]
Kauri-pine, kow′ri-pīn,n.a splendid forest-tree of New Zealand, yielding the well-knownKau′ri-gum, a resin used in making varnish.
Kava, kä′va,n.Piper methysticum, also the narcotic drink prepared from it.—AlsoA′va.
Kavass, ka-vas′,n.an armed man attendant on a person of distinction in Turkey.—AlsoCavass′. [Turk.qawas.]
Kaw. Same asCaw.
Kay. Same asCay.
Kayak, ka′yak,n.a canoe used in Greenland, made of seal-skins stretched on a frame.
Kea, kē′ä,n.a New Zealand parrot that kills sheep.
Keb, keb,v.i.(Scot.) to cast a lamb prematurely.—n.a ewe which has cast its lamb: a sheep louse or tick.
Kebbie, keb′i,n.(Scot.) a cudgel.
Kebbock, keb′uk.n.(Scot.) a cheese.—AlsoKebb′uck. [Gael.cabag, a cheese.]
Keblah. SeeKiblah.
Keck, kek,v.i.to retch, feel loathing.—n.a retching.
Keck,Kecksy. SeeKex.
Keckle, kek′l,v.t.to preserve or protect by binding with old rope or chains, as a cable:—pr.p.keck′ling;pa.p.keck′led.—n.Keck′ling, rope, chains, &c. used to keckle cables or hawsers.
Kedge, kej,n.a small anchor for keeping a ship steady, and for warping the ship.—v.t.to move by means of a kedge, to warp.—n.Kedg′er, a kedge. [Scand.; cf. Sw. prov.keka, to drive slowly.]
Kedge, kej,adj.(prov.) brisk, lively: pot-bellied.—AlsoKedg′y,Kidge.
Kedjeree, kej′e-rē,n.a mess of rice, cooked with butter and the dholl pea, flavoured with spice, shred onion, &c., common all over India, and often served at Anglo-Indian breakfast-tables. [Hind.khichrī.]
Keech, kēch,n.(Shak.) a lump of fat. [Cake.]
Keek, kēk,v.i.(Scot.) to peep.—n.a peep.—ns.Keek′er, an inspector of mining;Keek′ing-glass, a mirror. [M. E.kyken; cf. Dut.kijken, Ger.kucken.]
Keel, kēl,n.the part of a ship extending along the bottom from stem to stern, and supporting the whole frame: a low flat-bottomed boat: a Tyne coal-barge: a ship generally: (bot.) the lowest petals of the corolla of a papilionaceous flower.—v.t.orv.i.to plough with a keel, to navigate: to turn keel upwards.—n.Keel′age, dues for a keel or ship in port.—adj.Keeled(bot.) keel-shaped: having a prominence on the back.—ns.Keel′er,Keel′man, one who works on a barge.—v.t.Keel′haul, to punish by hauling under the keel of a ship by ropes from the one side to the other: to treat a subordinate in a galling manner. [A.S.ceól, a ship; Ger. and Dut.kiel; prob. confused with Ice.kiölr, a keel.]
Keel, kēl,v.t.(Shak.) to cool. [A.S.célan, to chill.]
Keel, kēl,n.(Scot.) red chalk, ruddle.—v.t.to mark with ruddle. [Prob. Gael.cil, ruddle.]
Keelie, kē′li,n.(Scot.) the kestrel: a street Arab or young rough. [Imit.]
Keeling, kē′ling,n.(Scot.) a codfish.
Keelivine, kē′li-vīn,n.(Scot.) a lead pencil.—AlsoKee′lyvine. [Seekeel, ruddle; ety. dub.]