Permeate, pėr′mē-āt,v.t.to pass through the pores of: to penetrate and fill the pores of.—n.Permēabil′ity.—adj.Per′mēable, that may be permeated or passed through: allowing the passage of liquids.—adv.Per′mēably.—n.Permēā′tion, act of permeating, or state of being permeated.—adj.Permēā′tive. [L.permeatus—per, through,meāre, to pass.]
Permian, per′mi-an,n.a group of strata forming the uppermost division of the Palezoic series.
Permiscible, per-mis′i-bl,adj.capable of being mixed.
Permit, per-mit′,v.t.to give leave to: to allow to be or to be done: to afford means: to give opportunity:—pr.p.permit′ting;pa.t.andpa.p.permit′ted.—n.(per′mit)a written permission, esp. from a custom-house officer to remove goods.—n.Permissibil′ity.—adj.Permiss′ible, that may be permitted: allowable.—adv.Permiss′ibly.—n.Permis′sion, act of permitting: liberty granted: allowance.—adj.Permiss′ive, granting permission or liberty: allowing: granted: not hindered.—adv.Permiss′ively, by permission, without prohibition.—ns.Permit′tance, permission;Permittēē′, one to whom permission is granted;Permit′ter, one who permits.—Permissive Bill, a measure embodying the principles of local option for the regulation of the liquor traffic;Permissive laws, laws that permit certain things without enforcing anything. [L.permittĕre,-missum, to let pass through—per, through,mittĕre, to send.]
Permutable, per-mū′ta-bl,adj.that may be changed one for another.—ns.Permū′tableness,Permutabil′ity.—adv.Permū′tably.—ns.Permū′tant;Permutā′tion, act of changing one thing for another: (math.) the arrangement of things or letters in every possible order.—v.t.Permute′. [L.,—permutāre—per, through,mutāre, to change.]
Pern, pėrn,n.a honey-buzzard.—AlsoPer′nis.
Pernicious, per-nish′us,adj.killing utterly: hurtful: destructive: highly injurious.—adv.Perni′ciously.—n.Perni′ciousness. [Fr.,—L.perniciosus—per, completely,nex,necis, death by violence.]
Pernickety, per-nik′e-ti,adj.easily troubled about trifles: (coll.) fastidious.—n.Pernick′etiness.
Pernoctation, pėr-nok-tā′shun,n.act of passing the whole night, esp. in prayer or watching: a watch all night. [L.per, through,nox,noctis, night.]
Perone, per′ō-nē,n.the fibula or small bone of the leg.—adjs.Perōnē′al;Perōnēōtib′ial, pertaining to the perone and the tibia.—n.a muscle from the fibula to the tibia in some marsupials: an anomalous muscle in man, constant in apes, between the inner side of the head of the fibula and the tibia.—n.Peronē′us, one of several fibular muscles. [Fr.,—Gr.peronē, the tongue of a buckle.]
Peropod, pē′rō-pod,adj.having rudimentary hind limbs, as serpents—alson.[Gr.pēros, maimed,pous,podos, a foot.]
Peroration, per-ō-rā′shun,n.the conclusion of a speech, usually summing up the points and enforcing the argument.—v.i.Per′orate, to make a peroration: (coll.) to make a speech. [Fr.,—L.peroratio—perorāre, to bring a speech to an end—per, through,orāre, to speak—os,oris, the mouth.]
Peroxide, per-ox′īd,n.an oxide having a larger proportion of oxygen than any other oxide of the same series.—n.Peroxidā′tion.—v.t.andv.i.Perox′idise.
Perpend, per-pend′,v.t.to weigh in the mind, to consider carefully. [L.perpendĕre—per, inten.,pendĕre, to weigh.]
Perpend, per′pend,n.in building, a bond-stone or bonder.—AlsoPer′pend-stone,Per′pent-stone. [O. Fr.parpaigne, Fr.parpaing.]
Perpendicular, pėr-pen-dik′ū-lar,adj.exactly upright: extending in a straight line toward the centre of the earth: (geom.) at right angles to a given line or surface.—n.a perpendicular line or plane.—n.Perpendicular′ity, state of being perpendicular.—adv.Perpendic′ularly.—Perpendicular style, a style of Gothic architecture in England which succeeded the Decorated style, prevailing from the end of the 14th to the middle of the 16th century, contemporary with the Flamboyant style in France, marked by stiff and rectilinear lines, mostly vertical window-tracery, depressed or four-centre arch, fan-tracery vaulting, and panelled walls. [Fr.,—L.perpendicularis—perpendiculum, a plumb-line—per, through,pendĕre, to weigh.]
Perpetrate, pėr′pē-trāt,v.t.to perform or commit (usually in a bad sense): to produce (as a poor pun).—adj.Per′petrable.—ns.Perpetrā′tion, act of committing a crime: the thing perpetrated: an evil action;Per′petrātor. [L.perpetrāre,-ātum—per, thoroughly,patrāre, to perform.]
Perpetual, per-pet′ū-al,adj.never ceasing: everlasting: not temporary.—adv.Perpet′ually.—Perpetual curate, a curate of a parish where there was neither rector nor vicar, the tithes being in the hands of a layman—abolished in 1868, every incumbent not a rector now being a vicar;Perpetual motion, motion of a machine arising from forces within itself, constantly kept up without any force from without;Perpetual screw, an endless screw. [Fr.perpétuel—L.perpetuus, continuous.]
Perpetuate, per-pet′ū-āt,v.t.to make perpetual: to cause to last for ever or for a very long time: to preserve from extinction or oblivion.—adj.Perpet′ūable, capable of being perpetuated.—n.Perpet′uance, the act of making perpetual.—adjs.Perpet′uāte,-d, made perpetual: continued for an indefinite time.—n.Perpetuā′tion, act of perpetuating or preserving from oblivion: preservation for ever, or for a very long time;Perpetū′ity, state of being perpetual: endless time: duration for an indefinite period: something lasting for ever: the sum paid for a perpetual annuity: the annuity itself.
Perplex, per-pleks′,v.t.to make difficult to be understood: to embarrass: to puzzle: to tease with suspense or doubt.—n.(obs.) a difficulty.—adv.Perplex′edly.—n.Perplex′edness.—adj.Perplex′ing.—adv.Perplex′ingly.—n.Perplex′ity, state of being perplexed: confusion of mind arising from doubt, &c.: intricacy: embarrassment: doubt. [Fr.,—L.perplexus, entangled—per, completely,plexus, involved, pa.p. ofplectĕre.]
Perquisite, pėr′kwi-zit,n.an allowance granted over and above the settled wages: a fee allowed by law to an officer for a specific service.—ns.Perquisi′tion, a strict search: diligent inquiry;Perquis′itor, the first purchaser of an estate. [L.perquisitum, fromperquirĕre—per, thoroughly,quærĕre, to ask.]
Perradial, pėr-rā′di-al,adj.fundamentally radial.—n.Perrā′dius.
Perrier, per′i-ėr,n.a machine for hurling stones.
Perron, per′on,n.an external flight of steps giving access to the entrance-door of a building.
Perruque,Perruquier. SeePeruke.
Perry, per′i,n.an agreeable beverage made by fermenting the juice of pears. [Fr.poiré, frompoire, a pear—L.pirum.]
Persant, pėrs′ant,adj.(Spens.). Same asPerceant.
Perscrutation, per-skrōō-tā′shun,n.a thorough search through: a minute inquiry. [L.per, through,scrutāri, to search carefully.]
Perse, pers,adj.dark blue, bluish-gray.—n.a dark-blue colour, a cloth of such colour. [O. Fr.pers—L.persicum, a peach.]
Persecute, pėr′se-kūt,v.t.to pursue so as to injure or annoy: to follow after persistently: to annoy or punish, esp. for religious or political opinions.—ns.Persecū′tion, act or practice of persecuting: state of being persecuted: a time of general oppression on account of religious opinions;Per′secūtor:—fem.Per′secūtrix. [Fr.,—L.persequi,persecutus—per, thoroughly,sequi, to follow.]
Perseus, per′sūs,n.a fabled Greek hero, who slew the Gorgon Medusa, and rescued Andromeda from a sea-monster: a constellation in the northern sky. [Gr.]
Persevere, pėr-sē-vēr′,v.i.to persist in anything: to pursue anything steadily: to be constant: not to give over.—n.Persevē′rance, act or state of persevering: continued application to anything which one has begun: a going on till success is met with.—adj.Persevē′ring.—adv.Persevē′ringly.—Perseverance of saints, the Calvinistic doctrine that those who are effectually called by God cannot fall away so as to be finally lost. [Fr.,—L.perseverāre—perseverus, very strict—per, very,severus, strict.]
Persian, pėr′shi-an,adj.of, from, or relating toPersia, its inhabitants, or language.—n.a native of Persia: the language of Persia: (archit.) male figures used instead of columns to support an entablature—alsoPer′sic.—Persian apple, the peach;Persian berry, the fruit of several buckthorns;Persian blinds(seePersienne);Persian wheel, a large wheel for raising water, fixed vertically with a number of buckets at its circumference.
Persicot, per′si-kot,n.a cordial flavoured with kernels of peaches and apricots. [Fr.,—L.persicum, a peach.]
Persienne, per-si-en′,n.an Eastern cambric or muslin with coloured printed pattern: (pl.) Persian blinds, outside shutters of thin movable slats in a frame.
Persiflage, pėr′si-fläzh,n.a frivolous way of talking or treating any subject: banter.—adj.Per′siflant, bantering.—v.i.Per′siflāte(Thackeray).—n.Per′siflour(Carlyle). [Fr.,—persifler, to banter—L.per, through, Fr.siffler—L.sibilāre, to whistle, to hiss.]
Persimmon,Persimon, per-sim′on,n.the American date-plum. [Amer. Ind.]
Persist, per-sist′,v.i.to stand throughout to something begun: to continue in any course, esp. against opposition: to persevere.—ns.Persis′tence,Persis′tency, quality of being persistent: perseverance: obstinacy: duration, esp. of an effect after the exciting cause has been removed.—adj.Persis′tent, persisting: pushing on, esp. against opposition: tenacious: fixed: (bot.) remaining till or after the fruit is ripe, as a calyx.—advs.Persis′tently;Persis′tingly.—adj.Persis′tive(Shak.), persistent. [Fr.,—L.persistĕre—per, through,sistĕre, to cause to stand—stāre, to stand.]
Person, pėr′sun,n.character represented, as on the stage: character: an individual, sometimes used slightingly: a living soul: a human being: the outward appearance, &c.: bodily form: one of the three hypostases or individualities in the triune God: (gram.) a distinction in form, according as the subject of the verb is the person speaking, spoken to, or spoken of.—adj.Per′sonable, having a well-formed body or person: of good appearance.—n.Per′sonāge, a person: character represented: an individual of eminence: external appearance.—adj.Per′sonal, belonging to a person: having the nature or quality of a person: peculiar to a person or to his private concerns: pertaining to the external appearance: done in person: relating to one's own self: applied offensively to one's character: (gram.) denoting the person.—n.Personalisā′tion, personification.—v.t.Per′sonalise, to make personal.—ns.Per′sonalism, the character of being personal;Per′sonalist, one who writes personal notes;Personal′ity, that which distinguishes a person from a thing, or one person from another: individuality: a derogatory remark or reflection directly applied to a person—esp. inpl.Personal′ities.—adv.Per′sonally, in a personal or direct manner: in person: individually.—n.Per′sonalty(law), all the property which, when a man dies, goes to his executor or administrator, as distinguished from the realty, which goes to his heir-at-law.—v.t.Per′sonāte, to assume the likeness or character of: to represent: to counterfeit: to feign.—adj.(bot.) mask-like, as in the corollary of the snapdragon: larval, cucullate.—adj.Per′sonāted, impersonated, feigned, assumed.—ns.Personā′tion;Per′sonātor.—n.Personisā′tion.—v.t.Per′sonise, to personify.—n.Personnel′, the persons employed in any service, as distinguished from the materiel.—Personal estate,property, movable goods or property, as distinguished from freehold or real property, esp. in land;Personal exception(Scots law), a ground of objection which applies to an individual and prevents him from doing something which, but for his conduct or situation, he might do;Personal identity, the continued sameness of the individual person, through all changes both without and within, as testified by consciousness;Personal rights, rights which belong to the person as a living, reasonable being;Personal security, security or pledge given by a person, as distinguished from the delivery of some object of value as security;Personal service, delivery of a message or an order into a person's hands, as distinguished from delivery in any other indirect way;Personal transaction, something done by a person's own effort, not through the agency of another.—In person, by one's self, not by a representative. [Fr.,—L.persōna, a player's mask, perh. frompersŏnāre,-ātum—per, through,sonāre, to sound.]
Persona, pėr-sō′na,n.a person.—Persona grata, a person who is acceptable to those to whom he is sent.—Dramatis personæ, the characters in a play or story. [L.]
Personify, per-son′i-fī,v.t.(rhet.) to treat, look on, or describe as a person: to ascribe to any inanimate object the qualities of a person: to be the embodiment of:—pa.t.andpa.p.person′ifīed.—n.Personificā′tion. [L.persona, a person,facĕre, to make.]
Perspective, per-spek′tiv,n.a view or a vista: the art of drawing objects on a plane surface, so as to give the picture the same appearance to the eye as the objects themselves: just proportion in all the parts: a telescope or field-glass: a picture in perspective.—adj.pertaining or according to perspective.—adv.Perspec′tively.—ns.Perspec′tograph, an instrument for indicating correctly the points and outlines of objects;Perspectog′raphy, the science of perspective, or of delineating it.—Perspective plane, the surface on which the picture of the objects to be represented in perspective is drawn.—In perspective, according to the laws of perspective. [Fr.,—L.perspicĕre,perspectum—per, through,specĕre, to look.]
Perspicacious, pėr-spi-kā′shus,adj.of clear or acute understanding: quick-sighted.—adv.Perspicā′ciously.—ns.Perspicā′ciousness;Perspicac′ity, state of being acute in discerning: keenness of sight or of understanding;Perspicū′ity, state of being perspicacious: clearness in expressing ideas so as to make them easily understood by others: freedom from obscurity.—adj.Perspic′ūous, that can be seen through: clear to the mind: easily understood: not obscure in any way: evident.—adv.Perspic′ūously.—n.Perspic′ūousness. [L.perspicax,perspicacis—perspicĕre, to see through.]
Perspire, per-spīr′,v.i.andv.t.to emit or to be emitted, as moisture, through the pores of the skin: to sweat.—n.Perspirabil′ity.—adj.Perspīr′able, capable of being perspired.—v.i.Per′spirāte(rare), to sweat.—n.Perspirā′tion, act of perspiring: that which is perspired: moisture given out through the pores of the skin: sweat.—adj.Perspīr′atory, pertaining to or causing perspiration. [L.perspirāre,-ātum—per, through,spirāre, to breathe.]
Perstringe, pėr-strinj′,v.t.to criticise.
Persuade, per-swād′,v.t.to influence successfully by argument, advice, &c.: to bring to any particular opinion: to cause to believe: to convince.—adj.Persuad′able.—n.Persuad′er.—adj.Persuā′sible, capable of being persuaded.—ns.Persuā′sibleness,Persuasibil′ity;Persuā′sion, act of persuading: state of being persuaded: settled opinion: a creed: a party adhering to a creed: (Spens.) an inducement.—adjs.Persuā′sive,Persuā′sory, having the power to persuade: influencing the mind or passions.—n.that which persuades or wins over.—adv.Persuā′sively.—n.Persuā′siveness. [Fr.,—L.persuadēre,-suasum—per, thoroughly,suadēre, to advise.]
Persue, pėrs′ū,n.(Spens.) a track.
Persulphate, pėr-sul′fāt,n.that sulphate of a metal which contains the relatively greater quantity of acid.
Pert, pėrt,adj.(obs.) open: evident: plain. [O. Fr.apert—L.aperīre,apertum, to open.]
Pert, pėrt,adj.forward: saucy: impertinent: too free in speech: (obs.) clever.—n.an impudent person.—adv.Pert′ly.—n.Pert′ness. [Perk.]
Pertain, per-tān′,v.i.to belong: to relate (withto).—ns.Per′tinence,Per′tinency, state of being pertinent or to the point: fitness for the matter on hand: suitableness: appositeness.—adj.Per′tinent, pertaining or related to a subject: being to the point: fitted for the matter on hand: fitting or appropriate: suitable: apposite.—adv.Per′tinently.—n.Per′tinentness. [O. Fr.partenir—L.pertinēre—per, thoroughly,tenēre, to hold.]
Pertinacious, pėr-ti-nā′shus,adj.thoroughly tenacious: holding obstinately to an opinion or a purpose: obstinate: unyielding.—adv.Pertinā′ciously.—ns.Pertinā′ciousness;Pertinac′ity, quality of being pertinacious or unyielding: obstinacy: resoluteness. [Fr.,—L.pertinax,-acis, holding fast—per, thoroughly,tenax, tenacious—tenēre, to hold.]
Perturb, per-turb′,v.t.to disturb greatly: to agitate—alsoPer′turbate.—adj.Pertur′bable, that can be agitated or confused.—ns.Pertur′bance,Perturbā′tion, act of perturbing or state of being perturbed: disquiet of mind: irregular action, esp. (astron.) the disturbance produced in the simple elliptic motion of one heavenly body about another by the action of a third body, or by the non-sphericity of the principal body;Pertur′bant, any disturbing thing.—adjs.Perturbā′tional;Pertur′bative.—n.Pertur′batory, the power of deflecting the divining-rod by magnetic influence.—p.adj.Perturbed′.—adv.Perturb′edly.—ns.Pertur′ber,Perturbā′tor:—fem.Per′turbātrix. [Fr.,—L.perturbāre,-ātum—per, thoroughly,turbāre, to disturb—turba, a crowd.]
Pertusion, pėr-tū′zhon,n.a hole made by a sharp instrument.—adjs.Pertū′sate, pierced at the apex;Pertuse′,-d, pierced with holes. [L.pertundĕre,-tusum—per, through,tundĕre, to strike.]
Pertussis, per-tus′is,n.whooping-cough.—adj.Pertuss′al.
Peruke, per-ūk′, or per′ūk,n.an artificial cap of hair: a periwig—alsoPerruque.—adj.Peruquēr′ian, of or pertaining to the making of wigs.—n.Perru′quier, a wigmaker. [Fr.perruque—It.parrucca(Sp.peluca)—L.pilus, hair.]
Peruse, per-ūz′, or per-ōōz′,v.t.to read attentively: to examine carefully or in detail.—ns.Perusal(per-ūz′al,orper-ōōz′al),the act of perusing: careful examination: study: reading;Perus′er. [Formed from L.per, thoroughly,uti,usum, to use.]
Peruvian, per-ōō′vi-an,adj.pertaining toPeruin South America.—n.a native of Peru.—Peruvian balsam, a fragrant bitterish liquid yielded by a South American tree, used for asthma and in making soaps;Peruvian bark, cinchona (q.v.).
Pervade, per-vād′,v.t.to go through or penetrate: to spread all over.—n.Pervā′sion.—adj.Pervā′sive, tending or having power to pervade. [L.pervadĕre,pervasum—per, through,vadĕre, to go.]
Perverse, per-vėrs′,adj.turned aside: obstinate in the wrong: stubborn: vexatious.—adv.Perverse′ly.—ns.Perverse′ness,Perver′sity, state or quality of being perverse: inclination to oppose: wickedness.—adj.Perver′sive, tending to pervert. [L.perversus, turned the wrong way.]
Pervert, per-vėrt′,v.t.to turn wrong or from the right course: to change from its true use: to corrupt: to turn from truth or virtue.—v.i.to go wrong or out of the right course.—n.(per′vert)one who has changed from a former position: an apostate.—ns.Perver′sion, the act of perverting: a diverting from the true object: a turning from truth or propriety: misapplication;Pervert′er.—adj.Pervert′ible, able to be perverted. [Fr.pervertir—L.pervertĕre—per, thoroughly,vertĕre,versum, to turn.]
Perveyaunce. Same asPurveyance.
Pervicacious, per-vi-kā′shus,adj.very obstinate.—ns.Pervicā′ciousness,Pervicac′ity.
Pervious, pėr′vi-us,adj.permeable, penetrable: open, perforate.—adv.Per′viously.—n.Per′viousness. [L.pervius—per, through,via, a way.]
Pesade, pe-zād′,n.the act or position of a saddle-horse in rearing. [Fr.]
Peseta, pe-sā′ta,n.a silver coin of Spain worth 9½d. [Sp., dim. ofpesa, weight.]
Peshito, pe-shē′to,n.a translation of the Bible into Syriac, made in the second century.—AlsoPeshit′to. [Syriac,pĕshittá, the simple.]
Peshwa, pesh′wa,n.a chief or prince of the Mahrattas.—AlsoPeish′wah.
Pesky, pes′ki,adj.annoying.—adv.Pes′kily.
Peso, pā′so,n.a Spanish dollar. [Sp.,—L.pensum,pendĕre, to weigh.]
Pessary, pes′a-ri,n.an instrument worn in the vagina to remedy displacement of the womb. [Fr.pessaire—Low L.pessarium—Gr.pessos, a pebble.]
Pessimism, pes′i-mizm,n.the doctrine that on the whole the world is bad rather than good: a temper of mind that looks too much on the dark side of things: a depressing view of life.—v.i.Pess′imise.—n.Pess′imist, one who believes that everything is tending to the worst: one who looks too much on the dark side of things—opp. toOptimist.—adjs.Pessimis′tic,-al. [L.pessimus, worst.]
Pest, pest,n.a deadly disease: a plague: anything destructive: a troublesome person.—n.Pest′house, a hospital for persons afflicted with any contagious disease.—adj.Pestif′erous, contagious: pestilent: annoying.—adv.Pestif′erously.—n.Pest′ilence, any contagious deadly disease: anything that is hurtful to the morals.—adjs.Pest′ilent, producing pestilence: hurtful to health and life: mischievous: corrupt: troublesome;Pestilen′tial, of the nature of pestilence: producing pestilence: destructive.—advs.Pestilen′tially,Pest′ilently. [Fr.peste—L.pestis, a contagious disease.]
Pestalozzian, pes-ta-lot′si-an,adj.pertaining to graduated object-teaching as originated by Johann HeinrichPestalozzi(1745-1827).
Pester, pes′tėr,v.t.to disturb, to annoy.—n.a bother.—n.Pes′terer, one who pesters.—adv.Pes′teringly.—n.Pes′terment, annoyance. [Short forimpester, O. Fr.empestrer(Fr.empêtrer), to entangle, fromin, in, Low L.pastorium, a foot-shackle—L.pastus, pa.p. ofpascĕre, to feed.]
Pestle, pes′l, or pest′l,n.an instrument for pounding anything in a mortar.—v.t.andv.i.to pound with a pestle: to use a pestle. [O. Fr.pestel—L.pistillum, a pounder,pinsĕre,pistum, to pound.]
Pet, pet,n.any animal tame and fondled: a word of endearment often used to young children: a favourite child: a wilful young woman—alsoPeat.—adj.indulged: cherished: favourite.—v.t.to treat as a pet: to fondle:—pr.p.pet′ting;pa.t.andpa.p.pet′ted.[Celt., as Ir.peat, Gael.peata.]
Pet, pet,n.a sudden fit of peevishness or slight passion: ill-humour.—v.i.to be peevish, to sulk. [From the above word.]
Petals.
Petal, pet′al,n.a flower-leaf: a corolla leaf.—adjs.Pet′aled,Pet′aliform,Pet′alous, having petals or flower-leaves;Pet′aline, pertaining to or resembling a petal: attached to a petal.—n.Pet′alism, a method of ostracism practised in ancient Syracuse, the name being written on an olive-leaf.—adj.Pet′aloid, having the form of a petal—alsoPetaloi′deous. [Gr.petalon, a leaf.]
Petard, pē-tärd′,n.a kind of mortar filled with gunpowder, fixed to gates, barriers, &c., to break them down by explosion—(Shak.)Petar′: a paper bomb in pyrotechny.—ns.Petardeer′,Petardier′.—Hoist with one's own petard(seeHoist). [O. Fr.—péter, to crack or explode—L.pedĕre, cog. with Gr.perdein, Eng.fart.]
Petary, pē′tar-i,n.a peat-bog.
Petasus, pet′a-sus,n.a low broad-brimmed hat worn by heralds, &c., characteristic of Hermes. [Gr.]
Petaurist, pe-taw′rist,n.a flying opossum, Australian squirrel, &c.—adj.Petau′rine. [Gr.]
Petchary, pech′a-ri,n.the gray king-bird.
Petechiæ, pē-tek′i-ē,n.pl.purple spots on the skin.—adj.Petech′ial. [L.petigo, a scab.]
Peter, pē′tėr,v.i.in mining, to become exhausted (without): (fig.) to lose power or value.
Peter, pē′tėr,v.i.to call for trumps at whist, by throwing away a higher card of a suit while holding a smaller.—n.this signal for trumps.
Peterel. Same asPetrel.
Petersham, pē′tėr-sham,n.a heavy greatcoat, also the rough-napped cloth, generally dark blue, of which it is made. [From LordPetersham.]
Peter's-pence. SeePenny.
Petiole, pet′i-ōl,n.the stalk which joins a leaf to the twig or branch: a footstalk—alsoPetī′olus.—adjs.Pet′iolar,-y, pertaining to, or growing upon, a petiole;Pet′iolāte,-d,Pet′ioled, growing on a petiole.—n.Pet′iolule, a little or partial petiole. [Fr.,—L.petiolus, a little foot—pes,pedis, a foot.]
Petit, pet′i,adj.small:—fem.Petite(pe-tēt′).—n.Pet′it-maî′tre, a dandy, a coxcomb generally. [Fr.]
Petition, pē-tish′un,n.a request generally from an inferior to a superior: a written request presented to a court of law, or to a body of legislators: a prayer: a supplication.—v.t.to present a petition to: to ask as a favour: to supplicate.—adj.Petit′ionary, offering or containing a petition: supplicatory.—ns.Petit′ioner, one who offers a petition or prayer;Petit′ioning, the act of presenting a petition: entreaty: solicitation;Petit′ionist.—adj.Pet′itory, petitioning.—Petitio principii, the fallacy of begging the question—a taking for granted in argument of that which has yet to be proved. [Fr.,—L.petitio—petĕre,petitum, to ask.]
Petrary, pe-trā′ri,n.an engine for hurling stones.
Petre. Same asSaltpetre.
Petrean, pē-trē′an,adj.pertaining to rock. [L.petræus—Gr.petraios—petra, a rock.]
Petrel, pet′rel,n.a long-winged dusky sea-bird, rarely landing except to lay its eggs, esp. theStormy petrel, called by sailors 'Mother Carey's Chickens,' scarcely larger than a lark, the smallest web-footed bird known. [Fr.; from Matt. xiv. 29.]
Petrify, pet′ri-fī,v.t.to turn into stone: to make hard like a stone: to fix in amazement.—v.i.to become stone, or hard like stone:—pa.t.andpa.p.pet′rified.—n.Petres′cence.—adjs.Petres′cent, growing into or becoming stone;Petric′olous, inhabiting rocks.—n.Petrifac′tion, the act of turning into stone: the state of being turned into stone: that which is made stone: a fossil.—adjs.Petrifac′tive,Petrif′ic, changing animal or vegetable substances into stone;Pet′rifīable.—ns.Petrog′eny, the science of the origin of rocks;Pet′roglyph, a rock-carving.—adj.Petroglyph′ic.—ns.Petrog′lyphy, the art of writing on rocks or stones;Petrog′rapher, a student of petrography.—adjs.Petrograph′ic,-al.—adv.Petrograph′ically.—n.Petrog′raphy, the study of rocks: petrology.—adj.Petrolog′ical.—adv.Petrolog′ically.—ns.Petrol′ogist;Petrol′ogy, the science of the composition and classification of rocks.—adjs.Petrō′sal, of great hardness: petrous;Pē′trous, like stone: hard: rocky. [L.petra—Gr.petra, rock, L.facĕre,factum, to make.]
Petrine, pē′trin,adj.pertaining to, or written by, the ApostlePeter.—n.Pē′trinism, the Tübingen theory of F. C. Baur (1792-1860) and his school, of a doctrinal trend in primitive Christianity towards Judaism, ascribed to Peter and his party in opposition toPaulinism. [L.Petrinus—Petrus, Peter.]
Petroleum, pē-trō′lē-um,n.a liquid inflammable substance issuing or pumped up from the earth in various parts of the world.—ns.Pet′rol, a spirit obtained from petroleum;Petroleur(pā-tro-lār′),one of those Parisians who, with the help of petroleum, set fire to many of the public buildings of Paris in May 1871: an incendiary:—fem.Petroleuse′.—adj.Petrolif′erous, yielding petroleum. [L.petra, rock,oleum, oil.]
Petronel, pet′ro-nel,n.a large horse-pistol: a small carbine. [O. Fr.petrinal, the breast—L.pectus.]
Petted, pet′ed,adj.treated as a pet: indulged.—adj.Pett′ish, given to take the pet: peevish: fretful.—adv.Pett′ishly.—n.Pett′ishness.
Pettichaps,Petty-Chaps,pet′i-chaps,n.the garden warbler, the willow-warbler, chiff-chaff.
Petticoat, pet′i-kōt,n.a loose under-skirt worn by females and little boys: (coll.) a woman: a fisherman's loose canvas or oilcloth skirt: a bell-mouthed piece over the exhaust nozzles in the smoke-box of a locomotive, strengthening and equalising the draught through the boiler-tubes.—adj.feminine: female, as 'petticoat influence.'—n.Pett′icoat-affair′, an affair in which a woman is concerned.—n.pl.Pett′icoat-breech′es, a loose short breeches worn by men in the 17th century.—adj.Pett′icoated.—Petticoat government, government by women, either at home or in the state. [Petty+coat.]
Pettifogger, pet′i-fog-ėr,n.a lawyer who practises only in paltry cases.—v.i.Pett′ifog, to play the pettifogger.—n.Pett′ifoggery, mean tricks: quibbles.—adj.Pett′ifogging. [Petty, and obs.fog, to cheat (cf. Old Dut.focker).]
Pettitoes, pet′i-tōz,n.pl.the feet of a sucking pig: (Shak.) human feet. [Petty+toe.]
Pettle, pet′l,v.t.(Scot.) to indulge, pet.
Petto, pet′o,n.the breast. [It.,—L.pectus, breast.]
Petty, pet′i,adj.small: of less importance: lower in rank, power, &c.: inconsiderable, insignificant: contemptible.—adv.Pett′ily.—n.Pett′iness.—Petty cash, small sums of money received or paid;Petty larceny(seeLarceny);Petty officer, a naval officer with rank corresponding to a non-commissioned officer in the army. [O. Fr.petit.]
Petulant, pet′ū-lant,adj.showing peevish impatience, irritation, or caprice: forward, impudent in manner.—ns.Pet′ulance,Pet′ulancy, sauciness: peevishness or impatience.—adv.Pet′ulantly. [L.petulans,-antis—obs.petulāre,dim. ofpetĕre,to fall upon.]
Petunia, pē-tū′ni-a,n.a Brazilian genus of ornamental plants of the nightshade family, with small undivided leaves and showy funnel-form flowers. [Amer. Ind.petun,tobacco.]
Pew, pū,n.an enclosed seat in a church.—ns.Pew′-fell′ow, companion;Pew′-hold′er, one who rents a pew in a church;Pew′-ō′pener, an attendant who opens pews in a church;Pew′-rent, rent paid for the use of a pew in church. [O. Fr.pui, a raised place—L.podium, a front seat in the amphitheatre—Gr.podion, orig. a footstool—pous,podos, foot.]
Pewit, pē′wit,n.the lapwing, a bird with a black head and crest, common in moors.—AlsoPē′wet,Pee′wit. [Imit.; cf. Dut.piewitorkiewit.]
Pewter, pū′tėr,n.an alloy of four parts of tin and one of lead: sometimes tin with a little copper and antimony: a vessel made of pewter, esp. a beer-tankard: (slang) prize-money.—adj.made of pewter.—ns.Pew′terer, one who works in pewter;Pew′ter-mill, a lapidaries' polishing-wheel for amethyst, agate, &c.—adj.Pew′tery, belonging to pewter. [O. Fr.peutre(It.peltro), from a Teut. root, seen in Low Ger.spialter, Eng. spelter.]
Pfennig, pfen′ig,n.a German copper coin, the hundredth part of a mark.—AlsoPfenn′ing.
Phacitis, fā-sī′tis,n.inflammation of the crystalline lens of the eye.—n.Phacocystī′tis, inflammation of the capsule of the crystalline lens of the eye.—adj.Phā′coid, lentil-shaped.—n.Phā′coscope. [Gr.phakos, a lentil.]
Phænogamous,Phenogamous,fē-nog′a-mus,adj.having manifest flowers, phanerogamous.—ns.Phæ′nogam, a phanerogamous plant;Phænogā′mia=Phanerogamia.—adj.Phænogam′ic. [Gr.phainein, to show,gamos, marriage.]
Phaeton, fā′e-ton,n.a kind of open pleasure-carriage on four wheels, drawn by one or two horses, fromPhaëthon, son of Helios, the sun, whose chariot he attempted to drive: a tropic bird.—adj.Phaëton′ic.
Phagedena,Phagedæna, faj-e-dē′na,n.a sloughing ulcer, hospital gangrene.—adjs.Phagedē′nic,Phagedæ′nic. [Gr.phagein, to eat.]
Phagocyte, fag′o-sīt,n.a white or colourless blood-corpuscle—also calledleucocyte—an active amœboid cell, which engulfs both nutritive and harmful particles.—adjs.Phagocyt′ic,-al.—ns.Phag′ocytism, the nature or function of a phagocyte;Phagocytō′sis, the destruction of microbes by phagocytes. [Gr.phagein, to eat,kytos, a vessel.]
Phalæna, fā-lē′na,n.the Linnæan genus including moths.—adj.Phalē′noid. [Gr.phalaina, a moth.]
Phalange, fā-lanj′,n.a phalanx of a digit: any of the joints of an insect's tarsus: a bundle of stamens joined by their filaments: a socialistic community in Fourier's dream of an ideal arrangement of society, consisting of 1800 persons living in aphalanstère—generally inpl., the usualsing. beingPhā′lanx(q.v.).—adjs.Phalan′gal,Phalan′gēal,Phalan′gial,Phalan′gian;Phalan′giform;Phalanstē′rian.—ns.Phalanstē′rianism,Phalan′sterism;Phal′anstery, the dwelling of the phalange in the ideal social system of Fourier (1772-1837), a vast structure in the midst of a square league of cultivated land.
Phalanger, fā-lan′jer,n.a genus of small arboreal Australasian marsupials. [Fr.,—L.phalanx.]
Phalanx, fal′angks, or fā′-,n.a line of battle: a square battalion of heavy-armed infantry drawn up in ranks and files close and deep: any compact body of men: one of the small bones of the fingers and toes:—pl.Phalan′ges, orPhal′anxes. [L.,—Gr.phalangks.]
Phalarope, fal′a-rōp,n.a genus of wading birds, forming a sub-family of the snipes. [Gr.phalaris, a coot,pous, a foot.]
Phallus, fal′us,n.the symbol of generation which figures in the rites and ceremonies of most primitive peoples: (biol.) the organ of sex.—adj.Phall′ic.—ns.Phall′icism,Phall′ism, the phallic worship.—adj.Phall′oid. [L.,—Gr.phallos.]
Phanariot, fa-nar′i-ot,n.one of the Greeks inhabiting theFanarquarter of Constantinople—in Turkish history mostly diplomatists, administrators, and bankers, also hospodars of Wallachia and Moldavia.—adj.Phanar′iot.—AlsoFanar′iot.
Phanerogamous, fan-e-rog′a-mus,adj.having true flowers containing stamens and pistils—opp. toCryptogamous—alsoPhanerogam′ic.—n.Phan′erogam, a phanerogamic plant. [Gr.phaneros, visible,gamos, marriage.]
Phantasm, fan′tazm,n.a vain, airy appearance: a fancied vision: an apparition or spectre—alsoPhantas′ma(Shak.):—pl.Phan′tasms,Phantas′mata.—adjs.Phantas′mal;Phantasmā′lian(rare).—n.Phantasmal′ity.—adv.Phantas′mally.—adjs.Phantasmat′ic,-al;Phantas′mic;Phantasmogenet′ic, begetting phantasms.—adv.Phantasmogenet′ically.—adj.Phantasmolog′ical, pertaining to phantasms as subjects of inquiry.—n.Phantasmol′ogy, the science of phantasms. [Gr.phantasma—phantazein, to make visible—phainein, to bring to light—pha-ein, to shine.]
Phantasmagoria, fan-taz-ma-gō′ri-a,n.a fantastic series of illusive images: a gathering of appearances or figures upon a flat surface by a magic-lantern.—adjs.Phantasmagō′rial, pertaining to or resembling a phantasmagoria;Phantasmagor′ic,-al. [Gr.phantasma, an appearance,agora, an assembly—ageirein, to gather.]
Phantastic,Phantasy. SeeFantastic,Fantasy.—n.Phantā′siast, one of those Docetæ who believed Christ's body to have been a mere phantom.
Phantom, fan′tom,n.a phantasm.—adj.illusive, spectral.—adj.Phantomat′ic, relating to a phantom. [O. Fr.fantosme—Gr.phantasma.]
Pharaoh, fā′rō,n.a title of the kings of ancient Egypt.—adj.Pharaon′ic. [Heb.,—Egyptian.]
Phare, fär,n.a lighthouse.—AlsoPhā′ros. [Pharos.]
Pharisee, far′i-sē,n.one of a religious school among the Jews, marked by their strict observance of the law and of religious ordinances: any one more careful of the outward forms than of the spirit of religion, a formalist.—adjs.Pharisā′ic,-al, pertaining to, or like, the Pharisees: hypocritical.—adv.Pharisā′ically.—ns.Pharisā′icalness;Phar′isāism,Phar′iseeism, the practice and opinions of the Pharisees: strict observance of outward forms in religion without the spirit of it: hypocrisy. [Late L.pharisæus—Gr.pharisaios—Heb.pārūsh, separated from,parash, to separate.]
Pharmaceutic,-al, fär-ma-sū′tik, -al,adj.pertaining to the knowledge or art of preparing medicines.—adv.Pharmaceū′tically.—ns.Pharmaceū′tics, the science of preparing medicines;Pharmaceū′tist, one who practises pharmacy.
Pharmacopœia, fär-ma-kō-pē′ya,n.a book containing directions for the preparation of medicines: a collection of drugs.—adj.Pharmacopœ′ial. [Gr.pharmakon, a drug,poiein, to make.]
Pharmacy, fär′ma-si,n.a department of the medical art which consists in the collecting, preparing, preserving, and dispensing of medicines: the art of preparing and mixing medicines: a drug-store.—ns.Phar′macist, a druggist, one skilled in pharmacy;Pharmacognos′tics, the sum of knowledge about drugs;Pharmacog′raphy, a description of drugs;Pharmacol′ogist, one skilled in pharmacology;Pharmacol′ogy, pharmacy;Phar′macon, a drug;Pharmacop′olist, a dealer in drugs. [Fr.pharmacie—L.,—Gr.pharmakon, a drug.]
Pharo=Faro.
Pharos, fā′ros,n.a lighthouse or beacon, so named from the famous lighthouse on the island ofPharosin the Bay of Alexandria.—n.Pharol′ogy, the art or science of directing the course of ships by means of light-signals from the shore.
Pharynx, far′ingks,n.the cleft or cavity forming the upper part of the gullet, and lying behind the nose, mouth, and larynx:—pl.Phar′ynges,Phar′ynxes.—adjs.Pharyn′gēal;Pharyngit′ic, pertaining to pharyngitis.—n.Pharyngī′tis, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx.—adjs.Pharyngoglos′sal, pertaining to the pharynx and the tongue;-laryn′geal, to that and the larynx;-nā′sal, and the nose;-ō′ral, and the mouth.—ns.Pharyngog′raphy, a description of the pharynx;Pharyng′ōscope, an instrument for inspecting the pharynx;Pharyng′oscopy;Pharyngot′omy, the operation of making an incision into the pharynx to remove a tumour. [Late L.,—Gr.pharyngkx, the pharynx.]
Phase, fāz,n.aspect, appearance, at any stage: an era: the form in which an object or a question presents itself to the mind: the appearance at a given time of the illuminated surface exhibited by a planet—alsoPhā′sis:—pl.Phas′es.—adj.Phase′less, unchanging. [Gr.phasis—phaein, to shine.]
Phasma, fas′mä,n.a genus of gressorial orthopterous insects—walking-stick insects, spectre-insects (Phasma), and leaf-insects.
Pheasant, fez′ant,n.a gallinaceous bird abundant in Britain, and highly valued as food.—n.Pheas′antry, an enclosure for pheasants, where they may be bred and reared. [O. Fr.faisan—L.Phasiana(avis)—Gr.Phasianos, of Phasis, in Colchis.]
Pheer, fēr,n.(Shak.). Same asFere, a mate.
Pheese, fēz,v.t.(Shak.) to beat, to drive off: to worry.—v.i.(U.S.) to worry.—n.worry—betterFeeze.—n.Phees′ar, one of the mad host's words (Merry Wives, I. iii. 10).
Phelloplastics, fel-ō-plas′tiks,n.modelling in cork.—n.Phell′ogen, cork-meristem.—adj.Phellogenet′ic. [Gr.phellos, cork,plassein, to form.]
Phenacetin, fē-nas′e-tin,n.a drug prepared from carbolic acid, good against fevers, insomnia, &c.
Phenakistoscope, fen-a-kis′tō-skōp,n.an optical instrument which produces the appearances of objects in motion, as birds flying, &c.—n.Phen′akism(Bacon), deceit. [Gr.phenakistikos—phenakizein—phenax, a cheat.]
Phenix=Phœnix.
Phenogam=Phænogam.
Phenogamia=Phænogamia.
Phenol, fē′nol.n.phenyl alcohol or carbolic acid. [Fr.]
Phenology,Phænology, fē-nol′ō-ji,n.the branch of biology treating of animal or plant life and development as affected by climate.—adjs.Phenolog′ic,-al.—n.Phenol′ogist. [Phenomenology.]
Phenomenon, fē-nom′e-non,n.an appearance: the appearance which anything makes to our consciousness, as distinguished from what it is in itself: an observed result: a remarkable or unusual person, thing, or appearance:—pl.Phenom′ena.—adj.Phenom′enal, pertaining to a phenomenon: of the nature of a phenomenon: so strange as to excite great wonder: out of the common.—v.t.Phenom′enalise, to represent as a phenomenon.—ns.Phenom′enalism, the philosophical doctrine that the phenomenal and the real are identical—that phenomena are the only realities—alsoExternalism;Phenom′enalist, one who believes in phenomenalism;Phenomenal′ity, the character of being phenomenal.—adv.Phenom′enally.—v.t.Phenom′enise, to bring into the world of experience.—ns.Phenom′enism, the doctrines of the phenomenists;Phenom′enist, one who believes only what he observes, or phenomena, one who rejects necessary primary principles.—adj.Phenomenōlog′ical.—n.Phenomenol′ogy, a description of phenomena. [Gr.phainomenon—phainein, to show.]
Phenyl, fē′nil,n.an organic radical found esp. in carbolic acid, benzole, and aniline.—adjs.Phē′nic,Phenyl′ic. [Fr.phényle.]
Pheon, fē′on,n.(her.) the barbed iron head of a dart: the broad arrow marking property of the Crown.
Phew, fū,interj.an exclamation of disgust.
Phial, fī′al,n.a small glass vessel or bottle. [L.phiala—Gr.phialē, a vial.]
Phi Beta Kappa, fi bet-a kap-a, the oldest of the American college Greek letter societies. [From the initial letters of its motto—Philosophia biou kubernētēs, 'Philosophy is the guide of life.']
Philadelphian, fil-a-del′fi-an,n.one of a mystic sect emphasising 'brotherly love,' founded in London in 1652 under the influence of Boehme. [Gr.philein, to love,adelphos, a brother.]
Philander, fi-lan′dėr,v.i.to make love: to flirt or coquet.—n.a lover.—n.Philan′derer. [Gr.philandros, loving men—philos, dear—philein, to love,anēr,andros, a man.]
Philanthropy, fi-lan′thrō-pi,n.love of mankind, esp. as shown in good deeds and services to others: goodwill towards all men.—ns.Phil′anthrope,Philan′thropist, one who tries to benefit mankind.—adjs.Philanthrop′ic,-al, doing good to others, benevolent.—adv.Philanthrop′ically. [L.,—Gr.philanthrōpia—philos, loving,anthrōpos, a man.]
Philately, fi-lat′e-li,n.the study and collection of postage and revenue stamps and labels (alsoTimbrophily,Timbrology).—adj.Philatel′ic.—n.Philat′elist, one devoted to this pursuit. [Formed in 1865 from Gr.philos, loving,atelēs, free of tax, 'prepaid'—a-, neg.,telos, tax.]
Philharmonic, fil-har-mon′ik,adj.loving music. [Gr.philos, loving,harmonia, harmony.]
Philhellenic, fil-he-len′ik,adj.loving Greece.—ns.Philhel′lene,Philhel′lenist, a supporter of Greece, esp. in 1821-32;Philhel′lenism, love of Greece. [Gr.philos, loving,Hellēn, a Greek.]
Philibeg,Philabeg. SeeFillibeg.
Philippian, fi-lip′i-an,n.a native ofPhilippiin Macedonia—alsoadj.
Philippic, fil-ip′ik,n.one of the three orations of Demosthenes against Philip of Macedon, or of Cicero against Marc Antony: any discourse full of invective.—v.i.Phil′ippise, to utter such.
Philistine, fil′is-tin,n.one of the ancient inhabitants of south-western Palestine, enemies of the Israelites—alsoPhilis′tian, andPhilis′tim(Milt.): a name applied by German students to shopkeepers and others not connected with the university: an uncultured person.—n.Phil′istinism.
Phill-horse, fil′-hors,n.=Thill-horse, a shaft-horse.
Philogyny, fil-oj′i-ni,n.love of women.—n.Philog′ynist. [Gr.philos, loving,gynē, a woman.]
Philology, fi-lol′ō-ji,n.the science of language: the study of etymology, grammar, rhetoric, and literary criticism: (orig.) the knowledge which enabled men to study and explain the classical languages of Greece and Rome.—ns.Philol′oger,Philolō′gian,Philol′ogist,Phil′ologue, one versed in philology.—adjs.Philolog′ic,-al.—adv.Philolog′ically.—Comparative philology, study of languages by comparing their history, forms, and relationships with each other. [L.,—Gr.philologia—philologos, fond of words—philos, loving,logos, discourse.]
Philomath, fil′ō-math,n.a lover of learning.—adjs.Philomath′ic,-al.—n.Philom′athy, love of learning. [Gr.philomathēs, fond of learning—philos, loving,e-math-on, 2d aoristmanthanein, to learn.]
Philomel, fil′ō-mel,n.the nightingale.—AlsoPhilomē′la. [Gr.Philomela, daughter of Pandion, king of Athens, changed into a nightingale or swallow.]
Philomusical, fil-ō-mū′zi-cal,adj.fond of music.
Philopena, fil-ō-pē′na,n.a game in which each of two persons eats a twin kernel of a nut, and one pays a forfeit to the other on certain conditions: the gift made as a forfeit, or the twin kernels shared. [Ger.vielliebchen—viel, much,liebchen, sweetheart.]
Philopolemic, fil-ō-pō-lem′ik,adj.fond of war or of debate.
Philoprogenitiveness, fil-ō-prō-jen′i-tiv-nes,n.(phren.) the instinctive love of offspring. [Gr.philos, loving, L.progenies, progeny.]
Philosopher, fi-los′ō-fėr,n.a lover of wisdom: one versed in or devoted to philosophy: a metaphysician: one who acts calmly and rationally in all the affairs and changes of life—alsoPhil′osophe:—fem.Philos′ophess.—adjs.Philosoph′ic,-al, pertaining or according to philosophy: skilled in or given to philosophy: becoming a philosopher: rational: calm.—adv.Philosoph′ically.—v.i.Philos′ophise, to reason like a philosopher: to form philosophical theories.—ns.Philos′ophiser, a would-be philosopher;Philos′ophism, would-be philosophy;Philos′ophist.—adjs.Philosophist′ic,-al.—n.Philos′ophy, the science of being as being: the knowledge of the causes and laws of all phenomena: the collection of general laws or principles belonging to any department of knowledge: reasoning: a particular philosophical system: calmness of temper.—Philosopher's stone, an imaginary stone or mineral compound, long sought after by alchemists as a means of transforming other metals into gold.—Moral, andNatural,philosophy(seeMoral,Natural). [Fr.,—L.,—Gr.philosophos—philos, a lover,sophos, wise.]
Philotechnic,-al, fil-ō-tek′nik, -al,adj.fond of the arts.
Philozoic, fil-ō-zō′ik,adj.fond of animals.
Philtre,Philter, fil′tėr,n.a charm or spell to excite love. [Fr.philtre—L.philtrum—Gr.philtron—philos, loving,-tron, denoting the agent.]
Phimosis, fī-mō′sis,n.stenosis of the preputial orifice.
Phisnomy, fis′no-mi,n.(Shak.) the face—a corr. ofphysiognomy.
Phiz, fiz,n.(humorous) the face.
Phlebitis, flē-bī′tis,n.inflammation of a vein.—ns.Phleb′olite, a calcareous concretion found in a vein;Phlebol′ogy, science of the veins;Phleb′orrhage, venous hemorrhage.—adjs.Phlebotom′ic,-al.—v.t.Phlebot′omise.—ns.Phlebot′omist;Phlebot′omy, act of letting blood. [Gr.phleps,phlebos, a vein.]
Phlegethontic, fleg-e-thon′tik,adj.pertaining to or resembling the riverPhlegethon, a mythological river of the infernal regions, whose waves rolled torrents of fire, flowing into the lake of Acheron. [Gr.phlegethein—phlegein, to burn.]
Phlegm, flem,n.one of the four elements of which the ancients supposed the blood to be composed: the thick, slimy matter secreted in the throat, and discharged by coughing: sluggishness: indifference: calmness.—adj.Phlegmagogic(fleg-ma-goj′ik).—ns.Phleg′magogue, a medicine expelling phlegm;Phlegmā′sia, inflammation, esp.Phlegmasia dolens, puerperal tumid leg.—adjs.Phlegmat′ic,-al, abounding in or generating phlegm: cold: sluggish: not easily excited.—adv.Phlegmat′ically.—n.Phleg′mon, inflammation in the connective tissue.—adjs.Phleg′monoid;Phlegm′y. [Fr.,—L.,—Gr.phlegma,phlegmatos—phlegein, to burn.]
Phleme=Fleam.
Phleum, flē′um,n.a small genus of annual or perennial grasses—timothy,cat's-tail grass,herd's grass. [Gr.phleōs.]
Phlœum, flē′um,n.the cellular portion of bark next the epidermis—alsoEpiphlœumand Bast.—n.Phlō′ëm, the bast or liber portion of a vascular bundle. [Gr.phloios, bark.]
Phlogiston, flō-jis′ton,n.an imaginary element, believed in till nearly the end of the 18th century as forming part of every combustible body, which by its disengagement caused burning, or fire in action.—adj.Phlogis′tic(chem.), containing or resembling phlogiston: inflaming: (med.) inflammatory.—v.t.Phlogis′ticate, to combine phlogiston with. [Gr.]
Phlox, floks,n.a well-known garden plant, so called from its colour. [Gr.,—phlegein, to burn.]
Phlyctæna,Phlyctena, flik-tē′na,n.a small vesicle.—adjs.Phlyctē′nar;Phlyctē′noid;Phlyctē′nous.
Phobanthropy, fō-ban′thrō-pi,n.a morbid dread of mankind.
Phocine, fō′sin,adj.pertaining to the seal family.—n.Phō′ca, a seal.—adj.Phocā′cean, relating to the genusPhoca.—n.a seal of this genus.—n.Phocæ′na, a genus of delphinoid odontocete cetaceans—the true porpoises.—adjs.Phō′cal;Phocæ′nine, like a porpoise. [L.phoca—Gr.phōkē, a seal.]