Raisin, rā′zn,n.a dried ripe grape.—Raisin wine, wine made from dried grapes. [Fr.,—L.racemus, a bunch of grapes.]
Raison d'être, rā-zong′dā′tr,n.reason or excuse for being: rational ground for existence.—adj.Raisonné(rā-zo-nā′),reasoned out, systematic, as in 'catalogue raisonné.' [Fr.raison, reason,de, of,être, to be.]
Rajah,Raja, rä′ja,n.a native prince or king in Hindustan.—ns.Raj(räj), rule;Ra′jahship, the dignity or principality of a rajah;Rajpoot,Rajput(räj-poot′),a member of various tribes in India, descended either from the old royal races of the Hindus or from the warrior caste. [Sans.rājan, a king, cog. with L.rex; Sans.putra, a son.]
Rake, rāk,n.an instrument with teeth or pins for smoothing earth, &c.: any tool consisting of a flat blade at right angles to a long handle.—v.t.to scrape with something toothed: to draw together: to gather with difficulty: to level with a rake: to search diligently: to pass over violently and swiftly: (naut.) to fire into, as a ship, lengthwise: to inter or hide, as by raking earth over a body.—v.i.to work with a rake: to search minutely.—ns.Rā′ker;Rā′king, the act or operation of using a rake: the space raked at once: the quantity collected at once with a rake: sharp criticism.—adj.such as to rake, as a raking fire.—Rake hell, to search even hell to find a person equally bad;Rake up, to cover with material raked or scraped together: to draw from oblivion, to revive. [A.S.raca, a rake; Ger.rechen, Ice.reka, a shovel.]
Rake, rāk,n.[Contr. ofrakehell.]
Rake, rāk,n.(naut.) the projection of the stem and stern of a ship beyond the extremities of the keel: the inclination of a mast from the perpendicular.—v.i.to incline from the perpendicular or the horizontal.—v.t.to cause to incline or slope.—adj.Rā′kish, having a rake or inclination of the masts.—adv.Rā′kishly. [Scand., Sw.raka, to reach.]
Rake, rāk,n.a dissolute person: a libertine.—v.i.to lead a debauched life, esp. to make a practice of lechery.—n.Rake′hell, a rascal or villain: a debauchee.—adjs.Rake′hell,-y, dissolute.—ns.Rakehellō′nian, a rakehell;Rā′kery, dissoluteness;Rake′shame(Milt.), a base, dissolute wretch.—adj.Rā′kish, like a rake: dissolute: debauched.—adv.Rā′kishly.—n.Rā′kishness, dissoluteness: the state of being rakish or dissolute: dissolute practices. [Corr. of M. E.rakel, corr. intorakehell, shortened torake; Scand., as Sw.rakkel, a vagabond, Ice.reikall, unsettled—reika, to wander.]
Rake, rāk,v.i.(prov.) to wander, to take a course, proceed: (hunting) of a hawk, to fly wide of the game: of a dog, to follow a wrong course.—Rake about(Scot.), to gad or wander about. [M. E.raken—A.S.racian, to run; confused with M. E.raiken—Ice.reika, to wander.]
Raki, rak′ē,n.a spirituous liquor used in the Levant and Greece.—AlsoRak′ee. [Turk.]
Rakshas,-a, rak′shas, -ä,n.in Hindu mythology, one of a class of evil spirits or genii, generally hideous, frequenting cemeteries.
Râle, räl,n.(path.) an abnormal sound heard on auscultation of the lungs. [Fr.,—râler, to rattle—Low Ger.ratelen, to rattle.]
Rallentando, ral-len-tan′dō,adj.(mus.) becoming slower.—AlsoRallenta′to, and abbrev.Rall. [It.,rallentare, to slacken.]
Rallier, ral′i-ėr,n.one who rallies.
Rallus, ral′us,n.a genus containing the true rails, water-rails, and marsh-hens.—adjs.Rall′iform;Rall′ine. [Rail.]
Rally, ral′i,v.t.to gather again: to collect and arrange, as troops in confusion: to recover.—v.i.to reassemble, esp. after confusion: to recover wasted strength:—pa.t.andpa.p.rallied(ral′id).—n.act of rallying: a mêlée of pantomimists, as at the end of a transformation scene: recovery of order: recovery of prices: the return of the ball in tennis, playing frequently from one side to the other.—n.Rall′ying-point, a place or person at or about whom people come together for action. [O. Fr.rallier—L.re-, again,ad, to,ligāre, to bind. Cf.Ally.]
Rally, ral′i,v.t.to attack with raillery: to banter.—v.i.to exercise raillery:—pa.t.andpa.p.rall′ied.—n.satirical merriment.—adv.Rall′yingly. [Fr.railler. A variant ofrail(v.i.).]
Ralph, ralf,n.(slang) the imp of mischief in a printing-house: a raven.
Ram, ram,n.a male sheep, a tup: (astron.) Aries (q.v.), one of the signs of the zodiac: an engine of war for battering, with a head like that of a ram: a hydraulic engine, called water-ram: a ship-of-war armed with a heavy iron beak for running down a hostile vessel.—v.t.to thrust with violence, as a ram with its head: to force together: to drive hard down:—pr.p.ram′ming;pa.t.andpa.p.rammed.—n.Ram′-head, an iron lever for raising great stones: a cuckold. [A.S.ram,rom; Ger.ramm.]
Ram, ram,adj.strong-scented: (used as a prefix) very.—n.Ram′-cat, a tom-cat.—adj.Ram′mish, strong-scented: lewd.—n.Ram′mishness.—adj.Ram′my. [Ice.ramr, strong, as Ice.ramliga, strongly.]
Ramadan,Ramadhan, ram-a-dan′,n.the ninth month of the Mohammedan year, throughout which the faithful are required to fast from dawn to sunset—prop.Ramazan′. [Ar.,—ramed, to be hot.]
Ramal. SeeRamus.
Ramayana, rä-mä′ya-nä,n.one of the two great epic poems of ancient India—the history ofRama.
Rambade, ram′bād,n.the elevated platform built across the prow of a vessel for boarding. [Fr.]
Ramble, ram′bl,v.i.to go from place to place without object: to visit many places: to be desultory, as in discourse.—n.a roving about: an irregular excursion: a place in which to ramble.—n.Ram′bler.—adj.Ram′bling, moving about irregularly: desultory.—adv.Ram′blingly, in a rambling manner. [Freq. of M. E.ramen, to roam.]
Rambustious, ram-bus′tyus,adj.(slang) boisterous.
Rambutan, ram-bōō′tan,n.the edible fruit of a lofty Malaysian tree (Nephelium lappaceum).—AlsoRambōō′tan,Rambost′an. [Malay.]
Ramé, ra-mā′,adj.(her.) attired. [O. Fr., 'branched.']
Rameal, rā′mē-al,adj.;Ramify, &c. See underRamus.
Ramed, ramd,adj.framed on the stocks, and adjusted by theRam′-line, a small rope or line used for setting the frames fair, helping to form the sheer of the ship, &c. [Fr.rame, a branch—L.ramus.]
Ramekin, ram′e-kin,n.toasted cheese and bread. [Fr.ramequin—Old Flem.rammeken.]
Rament, rā-ment′,n.(bot.) a bristle-shaped leaflet in the angle of a petiole:—pl.Rāmen′ta, loose foliaceous scales on plants, esp. on the petioles and leaves of ferns.—adj.Rāmentā′ceous(bot.), covered with ramenta. [L.ramenta, scrapings, pl. oframentum—radĕre, to scrape.]
Ramfeezle, ram-fē′zl,v.t.(Scot.) to weary out.
Ramgunshock, ram-gun′shok,adj.(Scot.) rough.
Ramicorn, rā′mi-korn,n.the horny sheath of the side of the lower mandible in birds.—adj.possessing ramified antennæ. [L.ramus, branch,cornu, horn.]
Ramie,Ramee, ram′ē,n.China-grass,Bœhmeria nivea, or its fibre, long used in the East for ropes and cordage, and for cloth in China and Japan.—AlsoRheaandChina-grass. [Malay.]
Ramify,Ramification, &c. See underRamus.
Ramilie, ram′il-ē,n.a name applied to various 18th-cent. articles or fashions of dress, in honour of Marlborough's victory over the French atRamilliesin Belgium in 1706—esp. to a form of cocked hat, and to a wig with a long plaited tail.
Ramism, rā′mizm,n.the system of logic of PeterRamus(1515-72).
Ram-line, ram′-līn. See underRamed.
Rammel, ram′el,n.refuse wood.—v.i.to turn to rubbish. [Through Fr. and Low L. forms from L.ramus, a branch.]
Rammer, ram′ėr,n.one who, or that which, rams or drives: an instrument used by founders and pavers for ramming, also by gunners.
Ramollescence, ram-o-les′ens,n.softening, mollifying.—n.Ramollisse′ment, a morbid softening of some organ or tissue of the body.
Ramoon, ra-mōōn′,n.a West Indian mulberry. [Sp.,—L.ramus, a branch.]
Ramose, rā′mōs,adj.branching, much-branched: (bot.) branched as a stem or root.—adv.Rā′mosely.—adj.Rā′mous, branched, branchy.
Ramp, ramp,v.i.to climb or creep up, as a plant: to leap or bound: to adapt a piece of iron to the woodwork of a gate.—n.a leap or bound: a gradual slope or inclined plane between one level and another: a concave bend at the top or cap of a railing, wall, or coping: a romp.—adj.Rampā′cious=Rampageous(q.v.).—ns.Rampā′dgeon, a furious fellow;Ram′pāge, orRampāge′, a state of passion or excitement.—v.i.to storm or prance violently.—adj.Rampā′geous, unruly: boisterous: glaring.—ns.Rampā′geousness;Rampall′ian(Shak.), a mean wretch;Ramp′er, a ruffian who infests race-courses;Ramps′man(slang), a highway robber. [Fr.ramper, to creep, to clamber; from the Teut.; cf. Low Ger.rappen, to snatch, Ger.raffen.]
Rampant.
Rampant, ramp′ant,adj.overgrowing usual bounds: rank in growth: overleaping restraint: (her.) standing on the hind-legs.—n.Ramp′ancy, state of being rampant.—adv.Ramp′antly.—Rampant arch, an arch whose abutments are not on the same level.
Rampart, ram′part,n.that which defends from assault or danger: (fort.) a mound or wall surrounding a fortified place.—v.t.to fortify with ramparts, to strengthen. [O. Fr.rempart(orig.rempar)—remparer, to defend—re, again,em, to (=en), in,parer, to defend—L.parāre, to prepare.]
Rampick, ram′pik,n.any dead tree—alsoRam′pike.—adj.Ram′picked. [Prob.ran, as inroan-tree,rantle-tree,andpickorpike.]
Rampion, ram′pi-on,n.a perennial plant with esculent root. [Prob. through It. and Low L. forms from L.rapum,rapa, a turnip.]
Rampire, ram′pīr,n.=Rampart.—adj.Ram′pired.
Rampler, ramp′lėr,n.(Scot.) a roving fellow.
Ramrod, ram′rod,n.a rod used in ramming down the charge in a gun.—n.Ram′rod-bay′onet.—adj.Ram′roddy, stiff like a ramrod.
Ramshackle, ram′shak′l,adj.tumble-down: ill-made: out of repair—alsoRam′shackled.—n.(Scot.) a careless fellow.—adj.Ram′shackly. [Ice.ramskakkr, quite wrong—ramr, strong, very,skakkr, wry, unequal.]
Ramshackle, ram′shak′l,v.t.=Ransack.
Ramshorn, ramz′horn,n.a semicircular work of low profile in the ditch of a fortified place: an ammonite: a fossil cephalopod.
Ramskin, ram′skin,n.a cake made of dough mixed with grated cheese. [Prob.Ramekin.]
Ramsons, ram′zonz,n.pl.broad-leaved garlic. [A.S.hramsan(pl.), with pl.-sadded.]
Ramstam, ram′stam,adj.reckless: (Scot.) forward.—adv.headlong.—n.a headstrong, giddy person. [Ram, intens. pfx.,stam, a form ofstamp.]
Ramus, rā′mus,n.a small spray or twig.—adjs.Rā′mal,Rā′meal, pertaining to a branch;Rā′mēous(bot.), belonging to, or growing on, a branch.—n.Ramificā′tion, division or separation into branches: a branch: a division or subdivision: (bot.) manner of producing branches.—adjs.Ram′ified, branched;Ramiflō′rous, flowering on the branches;Rā′miform(bot.), resembling a branch.—v.t.Ram′ify, to make or divide into branches.—v.i.to shoot into branches: to be divided or spread out:—pa.t.andpa.p.ram′ifīed.—adj.Ramip′arous, producing branches.—ns.Ram′ule,Ram′ulus, a small branch or artery.—adjs.Ramūlif′erous,Ram′ūlose,Ram′ūlous, having small branches.—n.Ramus′cūle, a branchlet. [L.ramus, a branch.]
Ran,pa.t.ofrun.
Rana, rā′na,n.the genus of the frogs.—n.Ranā′rium, a place where frogs are reared. [L., 'a frog.']
Rana, rä′nä,n.prince or chief in Rajputana. [Hind.]
Rance, rans,n.a prop, as for the support of a congreve-rocket. [O. Fr.ranche—L.ramex,-icis, a staff—ramus, a branch.]
Ranch, ranch,n.a stock farm in the west part of the United States.—v.i.to manage or work upon a ranch—alsoRanche,Ranch′o.—ns.Ranch′er,Ranchero(ran-chā′rō),Ranch′man, one employed in ranching;Rancheria(ran-chā-rē′a),a herdsman's hut: a village of herdsmen: a settlement of Indians;Ranch′ing, the business of cattle-breeding. [Sp.rancho, prop. 'mess' or 'mess-room;' in Mexico, a herdsman's hut, a grazing-farm.]
Ranch, ransh,v.t.(Dryden) to tear, wound. [Wrench.]
Rancid, ran′sid,adj.partially decomposed (used of oil or any greasy substance): sour: disgusting.—adj.Rances′cent, becoming rancid.—adv.Ran′cidly.—ns.Ran′cidness,Rancid′ity, the quality of being rancid. [L.rancidus, putrid.]
Rancour, rang′kur,n.deep-seated enmity: spite: virulence: (Shak.) sourness.—adjs.(obs.)Ranck=Rank;Ran′corous, malicious: virulent.—adv.Ran′corously. [Fr.,—L.rancor, an old grudge—rancere, to be rancid.]
Rand, rand,n.a strip of flesh or of leather: one of the slips beneath the heel of the shoe, called theheel-rand: a margin, border, edge, of a stream: a territory, as the Rand in the Transvaal.—ns.Rand′ing-machine′, a machine for fitting rands to heel-blanks;Rand′ing-tool, a tool for cutting out rands for shoes. [A.S.rand,rond, border.]
Rand, rand,v.i.an old form ofrant.
Randall-grass, ran′dal-gras,n.the meadow fescue.
Randan, ran′dan,n.a noise or uproar: a spree—in phrase, 'On the randan:' the finest part of the bran of wheat: a boat impelled by three oarsmen—alsoRandan gig. [Prob. fromrand, a variant ofrant.]
Randle-bar, ran′dl-bar,n.the horizontal bar in an open chimney on which cooking-vessels are hung.—AlsoRan′dle-balk.
Randle-tree. SeeRantle-tree.
Random, ran′dum,adj.done or uttered at haphazard: left to chance: aimless—(obs.)Ran′don.—n.something done without aim, chance—now only in phrase,At random, haphazard.—adv.Ran′domly, without direction: by chance. [O. Fr.randon, urgency, haste; from Teut.; Ger.rand, a brim.]
Randy, ran′di,n.a virago: (Scot.) a romping girl: a violent beggar. [Rand,rant.]
Ranee. SeeRani.
Rang, rang,pa.t.ofring.
Range, rānj,v.t.to rank or set in a row: to place in proper order: to rove or pass over: to sail in a direction parallel to.—v.i.to be placed in order: to lie in a particular direction: to have range or direction: to rove at large: to beat about, as for game: to sail or pass near: to be on a level: to extend.—n.a row or rank: a class or order: a wandering: room for passing to and fro: space occupied by anything moving: capacity of mind: extent of acquirements: the horizontal distance to which a shot is carried: a space through which a body moves, as the range of a thermometer: the long cooking-stove of a kitchen: a fire-grate.—adj.Rangé(her.), arranged in order, said of small bearings set in a row fessewise.—n.Range′-find′er, an instrument for determining the range of an object by sight.—n.pl.Range′-lights, lights placed in line, usually at or near a lighthouse, so as to direct the course of a ship through a channel: lights on board ship so placed as to give a ready indication of changes of course to other vessels.—n.Rang′er, a rover: a dog that beats the ground: an officer who superintends a forest or park.—n.pl.Rang′ers, a body of mounted troops: a name sometimes taken by clubs of football players, &c.—ns.Rang′ership;Range′-stove, a portable cooking-range.—adj.Ran′gy, disposed to roam: roomy. [Fr.ranger, to range—rang, a rank.]
Rangia, ran′ji-a,n.a family of bivalves. [FromRang, a French conchologist.]
Rangifer, ran′ji-fer,n.a genus ofCervidæ, to which the reindeer belongs.—adjs.Ran′gerine,Rangif′erine. [O. Fr.rangier, a reindeer, most prob. the Ice.hreinn, reindeer, L.fera, a wild beast.]
Rani,Ranee, ran′ē,n.the wife of a rajah. [Hind.rānī—Sans.rājñi, queen, fem. ofrājan.]
Ranidæ, ran′i-dē,n.pl.the largest family of batrachians, including about 250 species, of several genera.—adjs.Ran′iform, frog-like;Rā′nine, pertaining to frogs;Rāniv′orous, frog-eating. [L.rana, a frog.]
Rank, rangk,n.a row or line, esp. of soldiers standing side by side: class or order: grade or degree: station: high social position or standing.—v.t.to place in a line: to range in a particular class: to place methodically: to take rank over.—v.i.to be placed in a rank or class: to have a certain degree of distinction: to be admitted as a claim against the property of a bankrupt.—n.Rank′er, one who arranges or disposes in ranks: an officer who has risen from the ranks.—Rank and file, the whole body of common soldiers.—Take rank of, to have the right to take a higher place than;Take rank with, to take the same rank as;The ranks, the order of common soldiers. [O. Fr.renc(Fr.rang)—Old High Ger.hringorhrinc, Eng.ring.]
Rank, rangk,adj.growing high and luxuriantly: coarse from excessive growth: raised to a high degree: excessive: very fertile: strong-scented: strong-tasted: rancid: utter, as rank nonsense: coarse: indecent: (Shak.) ruttish: (slang) eager: (law) excessive: (mech.) cutting deeply.—adv.(Spens.) rankly, fiercely.—v.i.Rank′le, to be inflamed: to fester: to be a source of disquietude or excitement: to rage.—v.t.to irritate.—adv.Rank′ly, offensively: to an inordinate degree.—n.Rank′ness, exuberant growth: (Shak.) insolence.—adjs.Rank′-rī′ding, hard-riding;Rank′-scent′ed(Shak.), strong-scented: rancid. [A.S.ranc, fruitful, rank; Ice.rakkr, bold, Dan.rank, lank, slender.]
Ransack, ran′sak,v.t.to search thoroughly: to plunder: to pillage.—n.eager search.—n.Ran′sacker. [Scand.rannsaka—rann, a house,sak(sækja), Eng.seek.]
Ransom, ran′sum,n.price paid for redemption from captivity or punishment: release from captivity: atonement: expiation.—v.t.to redeem from captivity, punishment, or ownership: (Shak.) to set free for a price: (Shak.) to expiate.—adj.Ran′somable.—n.Ran′somer.—adj.Ran′somless, without ransom: incapable of being ransomed. [Fr.rançon—L.redemptio; cf.Redemption.]
Rant, rant,v.i.to use extravagant language: to be noisy in words: to be noisily merry.—n.empty declamation: bombast: (Scot.) a frolic.—ns.Rant′er, a noisy talker: a jovial fellow: a boisterous preacher: a byname for the Primitive Methodists: a nickname applied to the members of a sect of the Commonwealth time;Rant′erism.—adv.Rant′ingly, boisterously.—adj.Rant′ipole, wild.—n.a reckless fellow. [Old Dut.ranten, to rave; Low Ger.randen, Ger.ranzen.]
Rantle-tree, ran′tl-trē,n.(Scot.) a beam built into the gable of a cottage.
Ranula, ran′ū-la,n.a tumour on the tongue of cattle.—adj.Ran′ūlar. [L.]
Ranunculus, rā-nung′kū-lus,n.a genus of plants, including the crowfoot, buttercup, &c.:—pl.Rānun′culī,Rānun′culuses.—adj.Rānunculā′ceous, pertaining to, or resembling, plants of the order of which the ranunculus is the typical genus. [L., a dim. ofrana, a frog.]
Ranz-des-vaches, rong′-dā-väsh′,n.a melody of the Swiss, played on the alpenhorn. [Swiss Fr., either 'the lowing of the cows' or 'the line of cows.'Vaches, pl. ofvache—L.vacca, a cow;ranz, either Swiss dial.ranz(cf. Ger.ranzen), or forrangs, pl. of rang, a line.]
Rap, rap,n.a sharp blow: a knock, or a sound made by knocking: a counterfeit coin current in Ireland for a halfpenny in the time of George I.—hence, 'Not worth a rap.'—v.t.andv.i.to strike with a quick blow: to knock: to utter sharply, as to rap out a lie: to swear falsely:—pr.p.rap′ping;pa.t.andpa.p.rapped.—n.Rap′per, one who raps: a door-knocker. [Scand., as Dan.rap; imit.]
Rap, rap,v.t.to seize and carry off: to transport out of one's self: to affect with rapture:—pr.p.rap′ping;pa.p.rapped or rapt. [Scand., as Ice.hrapa, to rush headlong, cog. with Ger.raffen, to snatch.]
Rapacious, ra-pā′shus,adj.seizing by violence: given to plunder: ravenous: greedy of gain.—n.Rapā′ces, the beasts and birds of prey.—adv.Rapā′ciously.—ns.Rapā′ciousness,Rapac′ity, the quality of being rapacious: ravenousness: extortion. [L.rapax,rapacis—rapĕre,raptum, to seize and carry off.]
Rape, rāp,n.the act of seizing and carrying away by force: carnal knowledge of a woman without her consent.—adj.Rape′ful, given to violence or lust. [M. E.rapen, to haste, a variant ofrappen, to seize, confused with L.rapĕre, to snatch.]
Rape, rāp,n.a division of the county of Sussex, greater than the hundred. [Ice.hreppr, district.]
Rape, rāp,n.a plant nearly allied to the turnip, cultivated for its herbage and oil-producing seeds: cole-seed.—ns.Rape′-cake, cake made of the refuse, after the oil has been expressed from the rape-seed;Rape′-oil, oil obtained from rape-seed;Rape′-seed, the seed of the rape, cole-seed. [Through Fr. from L.rapa,rapum, a turnip; cog. with Gr.rhapys.]
Rape, rāp,n.the stalk and skin of grapes.
Rap-full, rap′-fool,adj.full of wind—of sails when close-hauled.—n.a sail full of wind.
Raphaelesque, raf-ā-el-esk′,adj.in the manner of the great Italian painterRaphael, Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (1483-1520).—ns.Raph′āelism, the principles of art of Raphael;Raph′āelite, one who follows the principles of Raphael;Raph′āelitism.
Raphania, raf-ā′ni-a,n.ergotism, a disease occurring in two forms, a spasmodic and a gangrenous, due to the use of rye, wheat, rice, &c., in which a poisonous fungus has developed.—n.Raph′anus, a genus ofCruciferæ, the radish family.
Raphe, rā′fē,n.(anat.) a seam-like union of two lateral halves, either a median septum of connective tissue or a longitudinal ridge: the fibro-vascular cord joining the hilum of an anatropous or amphitropous ovule or seed with the chalaza: a line or rib connecting the nodules on a diatom-valve. [Gr.rhaphē, a seam.]
Raphia, rā′fi-a,n.a genus of handsome pinnately-leaved palms. [Malagasy.]
Raphides, raf′i-dēz,n.pl.crystals found in the interior of the cells of plants:—sing.Rā′phis.—adjs.Rāphid′ian,Raphidif′erous. [Gr.rhaphis,rhaphidos, a needle—rhaptein, to sew.]
Raphigraph, raf′i-graf,n.a kind of typewriter for the blind, pricking characters in paper by needle-points. [Gr.rhaphis, a needle,graphein, to write.]
Rapid, rap′id,adj.hurrying along: very swift: speedy.—n.that part of a river where the current is most rapid (gen. inpl.).—n.Rapid′ity, quickness of motion or utterance: swiftness: velocity.—adv.Rap′idly.—n.Rap′idness. [Fr.rapide—L.rapidus—rapĕre, to seize.]
Rapidamente, ra-pē-dä-men′te,adv.(mus.) rapidly.—adv.Rap′ido, with rapidity. [It.]
Rapier, rā′pi-ėr,n.a light, highly tempered, edgeless, thrusting weapon, finely pointed, and about 3 feet in length, long the favourite weapon in duelling.—n.Rā′pier-fish, a swordfish. [Fr.rapière, prob. from Sp.raspadera—raspar,rapar, to rasp.]
Rapine, rap′in,n.act of seizing and carrying away forcibly: plunder: violence. [Fr.,—L.rapina—rapĕre, to seize.]
Raping, rā′ping,adj.(her.) tearing its prey: (obs.) transporting, ravishing.
Raploch, rap′loh,n.andadj.(Scot.) homespun.
Rapparee, rap-ar-ē′,n.a wild Irish plunderer: a vagabond. [Ir.rapaire, a robber.]
Rappee, ra-pē′,n.a coarse, strong-flavoured snuff. [Fr.râpé, rasped, grated—râper, to rasp.]
Rappel, ra-pel′,n.the beat of the drum to call soldiers to arms. [Fr.]
Rapper, rap′ėr,n.one who raps, esp. a spiritualistic medium: a swinging knocker for making signals at the mouth of a shaft: a loud oath or bold lie.—adj.Rap′ping(prov.), remarkably large.
Rapport, ra-pōr′,n.accord, as in the French phrase, 'en rapport,' in harmony. [Fr.]
Rapprochement, ra-prōsh′mong,n.reunion. [Fr.]
Rapscallion, rap-skal′yun,n.a rascal: a wretch. [Rascallion.]
Rapt, rapt,adj.raised to rapture: transported: ravished:—pa.t.andpa.p.ofrap(2).—v.t.(obs.) to grasp or carry off.—n.Rap′tor, a ravisher. [Rap, to seize, influenced by L.rapĕre, to snatch.]
Raptores, rap-tō′rēz,n.pl.an order of birds of prey distinguished by a hooked bill and sharp claws, and including the vultures, falcons, and owls—alsoRaptatō′res.—adjs.Raptō′rial, seizing by violence, as a bird of prey;Raptō′rious. [L.raptor, a plunderer—rapĕre, to seize.]
Rapture, rap′tūr,n.a seizing and carrying away: extreme delight: transport: ecstasy.—adj.Rap′tūred.—n.Rap′tūrist(Spens.), one filled with rapture.—adj.Rap′tūrous, seizing and carrying away: ecstatic.—adv.Rap′tūrously.
Rara avis, rā′ra ā′vis,n.a rare bird: a remarkable person:—pl.Rā′ræā′ves. [L.]
Rare, rār,adj.(comp.Rā′rer;superl.Rā′rest) thin: not dense, as rarefied atmosphere: sparse: seldom met with: uncommon: excellent: especially good: extraordinary.—ns.Rāre′bit, an erroneous form ofWelsh-rabbit;Rarefac′tion, act of rarefying: expansion of aëriform bodies.—adj.Rar′efiable, capable of being rarefied.—v.t.Rarefy(rar′e-fī,orrā′re-fī),to make rare, thin, or less dense: to expand a body.—v.i.to become less dense:—pa.t.andpa.p.rar′efied.—adv.Rāre′ly, seldom: remarkably well.—ns.Rāre′ness, tenuity: scarcity;Rarity(rar′i-ti),state of being rare: thinness: subtilty: something valued for its scarcity: uncommonness. [Fr.,—L.rārus.]
Rare, rār,adj.underdone—of meat. [A.S.hrēr.]
Raree-show, rar′ē-shō,n.a show carried about in a box: a peep-show. [A corr. ofrarity-show.]
Rareripe, rār′rīp,adj.early ripe. [Rathripe.]
Ras, ras,n.the chief vizier in Abyssinia: a headland, cape. [Ar., 'head.']
Rasant, rā′zant,adj.(fort.) sweeping or flanking, applied to fire. [Fr.]
Rascal, ras′kal,n.a dishonest fellow: a knave, rogue, scamp.—adj.worthless: mean.—ns.Ras′caldom, the class of rascals;Ras′calism,Rascal′ity, mean trickery or dishonesty: fraud: villainy: the rabble.—adj.Ras′calliest(Shak.,superl.of Rascally).—n.Rascall′ion, a rascal: one of the lowest people: a low, mean wretch.—adjs.Ras′cally,Ras′cal-like, mean: vile: base. [Fr.racaille, scum of the people, through Low L. forms from L.radĕre,rasum, to scrape.]
Rase, rāz,v.t.to scratch or blot out: to efface: to cancel: to level with the ground, demolish, or ruin (in this senserazeis generally used).—n.a slight wound.—ns.Rā′sing, in shipbuilding, the act of marking figures upon timber;Rā′sing-ī′ron, a caulking-iron for cleaning the pitch, &c., from a vessel's seams;Rā′sing-knife, an edged tool for making marks on timber, &c.;Rā′sion, a scraping: rasure;Rā′sure, act of scraping, shaving, or erasing: obliterating: an erasure. [Fr.raser—L.radĕre,rasum, to scrape.]
Rash, rash,adj.(comp.Rash′er;superl.Rash′est) hasty: headstrong: incautious.—adj.Rash′-embraced′(Shak.), rashly undertaken.—ns.Rash′er, a thin slice of broiled bacon, perh. because quickly roasted;Rash′ling, a rash person.—adv.Rash′ly, precipitately.—n.Rash′ness. [Dan. and Sw.rask; Ger.rasch, rapid.]
Rash, rash,n.a slight eruption on the skin. [O. Fr.rasche(Fr.rache)—L.radĕre, to scratch.]
Rash, rash,v.t.(obs.) to tear, to lacerate. [Fr.arracher, to uproot.]
Raskolnik, ras-kol′nik,n.in Russia, a schismatic, a dissenter from the orthodox or Greek Church.
Rasorial, ra-sō′ri-al,adj.belonging to an order of birds which scrape the ground for their food, as the hen.—n.pl.Rasō′res, theGallinæ. [Rase.]
Rasp, rasp,v.t.to rub with a coarse file: to utter in a grating manner.—v.i.to have a grating effect.—n.a coarse file.—ns.Rasp′atory, a surgeon's rasp;Rasp′er, that which rasps: (coll.) a difficult fence;Rasp′-house, a place where wood is reduced to powder for dyeing;Rasp′ing, a filing.—adj.exasperating.—adv.Rasp′ingly.—ns.Rasp′ing-machine′, a bark-cutting machine;Rasp′ing-mill;Rasp′-punch, a tool for cutting the teeth of rasps.—adj.Rasp′y, rough. [O. Fr.rasper(Fr.râper)—Old High Ger.raspōn, whence Ger.raspeln, to rasp.]
Raspberry, raz′ber-i,n.the fruit of several plants of genusRubus, the plant producing it—alsoRasp.—n.Rasp′berry-bush, the shrub which yields the raspberry.—Raspberry borer, the larvæ of one of the clear-winged sphinxes;Raspberry vinegar, a drink of raspberry juice, vinegar, and sugar.
Rastrum, ras′trum,n.a music-pen. [Rase.]
Rat, rat,n.an animal of the genusMus, larger and more destructive than the mouse: a renegade, turncoat: a workman who accepts lower than the authorised wages, who declines to join in a strike, or who takes a striker's work: a roll of anything used to puff out the hair which is turned over it.—v.i.(coll.) to desert one's party and join their opponents for gain or power: to take lower than current wages, to refuse to join in a strike, to take a striker's place:—pr.p.rat′ting;pa.p.andpa.t.rat′ted.—ns.Rat′-catch′er, one whose business it is to catch rats;Rat′-catch′ing;Rat′-hole(print.), a pigeon-hole;Rat′-pit, an enclosure where rats are killed;Rat′-poi′son, a preparation of arsenic;Rat's′-bane, poison for rats: arsenious acid;Rat′-tail, an excrescence growing on a horse's leg.—adj.Rat′-tailed, having a tail like a rat.—ns.Rat′ter, a terrier which catches rats;Rat′tery, apostasy;Rat′ting, deserting one's principles: working for less than the usual prices: setting a dog to kill rats in a pit;Rat′-trap, a trap for catching rats.—Rat-tailed larva, the larva of certain syrphid flies.—Smell a rat, to have a suspicion. [A.S.ræt; Ger.ratte.]
Rata, rä′ta,n.a New Zealand tree related to various species of Ironwood, its wood once much used for making clubs, and valuable for shipbuilding.
Ratable,Rateable, rā′ta-bl,adj.SeeRate.
Ratafia, rat-a-fē′a,n.a flavouring essence made with the essential oil of almonds: a fancy cake. [Fr.,—Malayaraqtáfía, from Ar.‛araq, Malaytáfía, rum.]
Ratan, ra-tan′,n.Same asRattan.
Ratany, rat′a-ni,n.a perennial procumbent shrub, yielding the medicinalratany root. [Peruv.]
Rataplan, rat-a-plong′,n.the sound or rattle of the military drum, a tattoo. [Fr.; imit.]
Rat-a-tat, rat′-a-tat′,n.sound of repeated knocks, as of a drumstick.—AlsoRat′-tat. [Imit.]
Ratch, rach,n.a rack or bar with teeth into which a click drops: the wheel which makes a clock strike: a white mark on the face of a horse.—v.t.to stretch: to streak.—v.i.to sail by tacks.—ns.Ratch′et, a bar acting on the teeth of a ratchet-wheel: a click or pall;Ratch′et-coup′ling, a device for uncoupling machinery in the event of a sudden stoppage;Ratch′et-drill, a tool for drilling holes, the bit mounted in a stock and rotated by a ratchet-wheel and lever;Ratch′et-jack, a form of screw-jack;Ratch′et-lē′ver, a lever fitted round a ratchet-wheel;Ratch′et-punch, a punch worked by means of a ratchet-lever;Ratch′et-wheel, a wheel having teeth against which a ratchet abuts, for changing a reciprocating into a rotatory motion, &c.;Ratch′et-wrench, a ratchet bed-key wrench.—adj.Ratch′ety, jerky.—n.Ratch′ment(archit.), a flying buttress springing from corner principals. [Rack.]
Ratchel, rach′el,n.(prov.) broken-stone, hard-pan.—AlsoRatch′il.
Rate, rāt,n.a ratio or proportion: allowance: standard: value: price: the class of a ship and of seamen: movement, as fast or slow: a tax.—v.t.to calculate: to estimate: to settle the relative rank, scale, or position of.—v.i.to make an estimate: to be placed in a certain class: to ratify.—ns.Rātabil′ity,Rā′tableness, quality of being ratable.—adj.Rā′table,Rā′teable, that may be rated or set at a certain value: subject to taxation.—adv.Rā′tably.—ns.Rāte′-book, a book of valuations;Rāte′payer, one who pays a local tax.—adj.Rāte′paying, paying, or relating to, an assessed local tax.—ns.Rā′ter, one who makes an estimate;Rāte′-tithe, a tithe paid for sheep and cattle;Rā′ting, a fixing of rates: classification according to rank or grade.—At any rate, by any means;By no rate, by no means. [O. Fr.,—Low L.rata, rate—L.rēri,ratus, to think.]
Rate, rāt,v.t.to tax: to scold: to chide: to reprove. [M. E.raten, acc. to Skeat, from O. Fr.aretter, to impute—L.ad, to,reputāre, to count. Others explain as Scand., Sw.rata, to reject.]
Ratel, rā′tel,n.a genus of quadrupeds of the bear family, nearly allied to the gluttons, and very like the badgers. [Fr., dim. ofrat.]
Rat-goose, rat′-gōōs,n.the brent or brant goose.
Rath, räth,adj.early, soon—alsoRathe.—adv.Rath(arch.), early, soon.—adj.Rath′erest(Shak.),superl.ofRath.—adv.Rath′ly, suddenly.—adj.Rath′ripe, early ripe. [A.S.hræth, quickly; Ice.hradhr, swift, Mid. High Ger.hrad, quick.]
Rath, rath,n.a prehistoric hill-fort. [Ir.]
Rath, rät,n.a name given to some Indian rock-cut Buddhist temples.
Rath, rät,n.a Burmese state-carriage.
Rather, räth′ėr,adv.more willingly: in preference: especially: more so than otherwise: on the contrary: somewhat, in some degree: more properly: (coll.) considerably, very much.—adj.Rath′erish, to a slight degree, somewhat.—Rather better than, somewhat in excess of.—The rather, by so much the more. [A.S.hrathor, comp. ofhrathe, early.]
Ratify, rat′i-fī,v.t.to approve and sanction: to settle:—pa.t.andpa.p.rat′ified.—ns.Ratificā′tion, act of ratifying or confirming: confirmation;Rat′ifier, one who, or that which, ratifies or sanctions. [Fr.ratifier—L.ratus, fixed by calculation—rēri,ratus, to think,facĕre, to make.]
Ratio, rā′shi-o,n.the relation or the proportion of one thing to another: reason, cause: (mus.) the relation between the vibration-numbers of two tones. [L.ratio, reason—rēri,ratus, to think.]
Ratiocinate, rash-i-os′i-nāt,v.i.to reason:—pr.p.ratioc′inating;pa.p.ratioc′inated.—n.Ratiocinā′tion, the process of reasoning: deduction from premises.—adjs.Ratioc′inātive,Ratioc′inātory. [L.ratiocināri,-ātus—ratio, reason.]
Ration, rā′shon,n.the quantity of provisions distributed to a soldier or sailor daily: an allowance.—n.Rā′tion-mon′ey, money paid as commutation for rations. [Fr.,—L.ratio.]
Rational, rash′on-al,adj.pertaining to the reason: endowed with reason: agreeable to reason: sane: intelligent: judicious: (arith.,alg.) noting a quantity which can be exactly expressed by numbers.—n.Rationabil′ity, the possession of reason.—adj.Rat′ionable, reasonable.—ns.Rationā′le, a rational account of anything, with reasons for its existence: a theoretical explanation or solution;Rationalisā′tion, subjection to rational principles.—v.t.Rat′ionalise, to interpret like a rationalist: to think for one's self.—v.i.to rely entirely or unduly on reason.—ns.Rat′ionalism, the religious system or doctrines of a rationalist;Rat′ionalist, one who believes himself guided in his opinions solely by reason, independently of authority, esp. in regard to religion—denying supernatural revelation.—adjs.Rationalist′ic,-al, pertaining to, or in accordance with, the principles of rationalism.—adv.Rationalist′ically, in a rationalistic manner.—n.Rational′ity, quality of being rational: the possession or due exercise of reason: reasonableness.—adv.Rat′ionally, reasonably.—n.Rat′ionalness.—n.pl.Rat′ionals, dress for women convenient for bicycling, &c.—breeches instead of skirts.
Rational, rash′on-al,n.the breast-plate of the Jewish high-priest: a pectoral worn by a bishop. [L.rationale, a mistaken rendering in the Vulgate of the Gr.logion, oracle.]
Ratitæ, rā-tī′tē,n.a division of birds, including the ostriches, cassowaries, emus, and kiwis.—n.Rā′tite,Rat′itate, raft-breasted, as a bird.
Ratiuncule, rā-shi-ung′kūl,n.a ratio very near unity. [Dim. of L.ratio.]