Shoulderblock.
Shoulder, shÅl′dÄ—r,n.the part of the trunk between the neck and the free portion of the arm or fore-limb, the region about the scapula: the upper joint of the foreleg of an animal cut for market: anything resembling the shoulder, a rising part, a prominence: that which sustains, support, the whole might or effort: the whole angle of a bastion between the face and flank.—v.t.to push with the shoulder or violently: to take upon the shoulder: to fashion with a shoulder or abutment.—v.i.to force one's way forward.—ns.Shoul′der-belt, a belt that passes across the shoulder;Shoul′der-blade, the broad, flat, blade-like bone (scapula) of the shoulder;Shoul′der-block, a pulley-block left nearly square at the upper end and cut away towards the sheave;Shoul′der-bone, the humerus, shoulder-blade;Shoul′der-clap′per(Shak.), one who claps another on the shoulder or uses great familiarity, a bailiff.—adj.Shoul′dered, having shoulders of a specified kind.—ns.Shoul′der-knot, a knot worn as an ornament on the shoulder, now confined to servants in livery;Shoul′der-piece, a strap passing over the shoulder and joining the front and back part of a garment;Shoul′der-slip, a sprain of the shoulder.—adjs.Shoul′der-slipped,Shoul′der-shot′ten(Shak.), having the shoulder-joint dislocated.—n.Shoul′der-strap, a strap worn on or over the shoulder: (U.S.) a narrow strap of cloth edged with gold-lace worn on the shoulder to indicate military and naval rank.—Shoulder-of-mutton sail, a kind of triangular sail of peculiar form, used mostly in boats, very handy and safe, particularly as a mizzen;Shoulder to shoulder, with hearty and united action or effort.—Give,Show, orTurn the cold shoulder(seeCold);Put, orSet,one's shoulder to the wheel, to give personal help heartily;With one shoulder, with one consent. [A.S.sculder,sculdor; Ger.schulter, Dut.schouder.]
Shout, showt,n.a loud and sudden outcry expressing strong emotion, or to attract attention.—v.i.to utter a shout: (slang) to order drink for others by way of treat.—v.t.to utter with a shout.—n.Shout′er.—adv.Shout′ingly. [Ety. unknown.]
Shout, showt,n.(prov.) a light flat-bottomed boat used in duck-shooting.
Shove, shuv,v.t.to drive along by continuous pressure: to push before one.—v.i.to push forward: to push off.—n.act of shoving: a strong push, a forward movement of packed river-ice.—Shove off, to push off a boat with oar or boat-hook. [A.S.scofian; Dut.schuiven, Ger.schieben.]
Shovel, shuv′l,n.an instrument consisting of a broad blade or scoop with a handle, used for lifting loose substances.—v.t.to lift up and throw with a shovel: to gather in large quantities.—v.i.to use a shovel:—pr.p.shov′elling;pa.t.andpa.p.shov′elled.—ns.Shov′el-board,Shove′-groat,Shuff′le-board, a game in which a piece of money or metal is driven with the hand toward a mark on a board: the board used in the game;Shov′elful, as much as a shovel will hold:—pl.Shov′elfuls;Shov′el-hat, a hat with a broad brim, turned up at the sides, and projecting in front—affected by Anglican clergy;Shov′el-head, the bonnet-headed shark: the shovel-headed sturgeon;Shov′eller, one who shovels: a genus of ducks, with mandibles very broad at the end;Shov′el-nose, a sturgeon with broad, depressed, shovel-shaped snout. [A.S.scofl, fromscúfan, to shove; Ger.schaufel.]
Show, shÅ,v.t.to present to view: to enable to perceive or know: to inform: to teach: to guide: to prove: to explain: to bestow.—v.i.to appear, come into sight: to look:—pa.p.shÅwn or shÅwed.—n.act of showing: display: a sight or spectacle: parade: appearance: plausibility, pretence: a sign, indication.—ns.Show′-bill, a bill for showing or advertising the price, merits, &c. of goods;Show′-box, a showman's box out of which he takes his materials;Show′bread, among the Jews, the twelve loaves of bread shown or presented before Jehovah in the sanctuary;Show′-card, a placard with an announcement: a card of patterns;Show′-case, a case with glass sides in which articles are exhibited in a museum, &c.;Show′-end, that end of a piece of cloth which is on the outside of the roll for exhibition to customers;Show′er;Show′ing, appearance: a setting forth, representation;Show′man, one who exhibits shows;Show′-place, a place for exhibition: a gymnasium: (Shak.) a place where shows are exhibited;Show′-room, a room where a show is exhibited: a room in a warehouse, &c., where goods are displayed to the best advantage, a room in a commercial hotel where travellers' samples are exhibited.—Show a leg(vul.), to get out of bed;Show fight, to show a readiness to resist;Show forth, to give out, proclaim;Show off, to display ostentatiously;Show of hands, a raising of hands at a meeting to show approval of any proposal;Show one's hand(seeHand);Show one the door, to dismiss a person from one's house or presence;Show up, to expose to blame or ridicule. [A.S.scéawian; Dut.schouwen, Ger.schauen, to behold.]
Shower, show′ėr,n.a fall of rain or hail, of short duration: a copious and rapid fall: a liberal supply of anything.—v.t.to wet with rain: to bestow liberally.—v.i.to rain in showers.—ns.Show′er-bath, a bath in which water is showered upon one from above: the apparatus for giving a bath by showering water on the person;Show′eriness, the state of being showery.—adjs.Show′erless, without showers;Show′ery, abounding with showers. [A.S.scúr; Ice.skúr, Ger.schauer.]
Showy, shÅ′i,adj.making a show: cutting a dash: ostentatious: gay.—adv.Show′ily.—n.Show′iness.
Shrab, shrab,n.sherbet, liquor generally, spirits. [Hind.sharÄb, wine.]
Shrank, shrangk,pa.t.ofshrink.
Shrapnel.
Shrapnel, shrap′nel,n.a shell filled with musket-balls—from GeneralShrapnel(died 1842).
Shred, shred,n.a long, narrow piece cut or torn off: a strip, fragment, particle.—v.t.to cut or tear into shreds.—n.Shred′ding, the act of cutting into shreds: a shred.—adjs.Shred′dy, consisting of shreds, ragged;Shred′less.—n.Shred′-pie, mince-pie. [A.S.screáde; Ger.schrot, Scot.screed.]
Shrew, shrÅÅ,n.a brawling, troublesome woman: a scold: a family of insectivorous mammals closely resembling, in general form and appearance, the true mice and dormice—the head long, muzzle long and pointed.—adj.Shrewd, of an acute judgment: biting, keen: sly, malicious, wicked, cunning, vixenish.—adv.Shrewd′ly.—n.Shrewd′ness.—adj.Shrew′ish, having the qualities of a shrew: peevish and troublesome: clamorous.—adv.Shrew′ishly.—ns.Shrew′ishness;Shrew′-mole, a genus of insectivorous mammals of the familyTalpidæ, very closely allied to the moles.—adj.Shrew′-struck, poisoned or blasted by a shrew. [A.S.screáwa, a shrew-mouse, its bite having been supposed venomous; cf. Ger.scher-maus, a mole.]
Shriek, shrēk,v.i.to utter a shriek: to scream.—v.t.to utter shriekingly.—n.the shrill outcry caused by terror or anguish—(Spens.)Schriech,Shright,Shrike.—ns.Shriek′er;Shriek′-owl(same asScreech-owl). [Screech.]
Shrieve, shrēv,v.t.(Spens.) same asShrive.—n.Shriev′alty(same asSheriffalty).
Shrift, shrift,n.a confession made to a priest: absolution—esp. of a dying man. [A.S.scrift—scrÃfan, to shrive.]
Shrike, shrÄ«k,n.a genus of passerine birds which prey on insects and small birds, impaling its prey on thorns—hence called theButcher-bird. [Ice.skrÃkja; cf.Shriek.]
Shrill, shril,adj.piercing: sharp: uttering an acute sound.—adjs.Shrill′-gorged(Shak.), shrill-throated;Shrill′ing(Spens.), sounding shrill.—n.Shrill′ness.—adjs.Shrill′-tongued,Shrill′-voiced(Shak.), having a shrill voice;Shrill′y, somewhat shrill.—adv.Shrill′y. [Skeat explains M. E.shril(Scotchskirl) as from Scand., Norw.skryla,skräla, to cry shrilly; cf. Low Ger.schrell.]
Shrimp, shrimp,n.a genus of edible crustaceans, of the orderDecapoda, allied to lobsters, crayfish, and prawns: a little wizened or dwarfish person.—v.i.to catch shrimps.—ns.Shrimp′er, one who catches shrimps;Shrimp′ing, the act of catching shrimps;Shrimp′-net, a small-meshed net, on a hoop and pole, for catching shrimps. [Parallel toshrink; cf. Scotchscrimpit, pinched.]
Shrine, shrÄ«n,n.a case or reliquary for relics: a sacred place: an altar: anything hallowed by its associations.—v.t.to enshrine.—adj.Shrī′nal. [A.S.scrÃn—L.scrinium—scribÄ•re, to write.]
Shrink, shringk,v.i.to contract: to wither: to occupy less space: to become wrinkled by contraction: to recoil, as from fear, disgust, &c.—v.t.to cause to shrink or contract: to withdraw:—pa.t.shrank, shrunk;pa.p.shrunk.—n.act of shrinking: contraction: withdrawal or recoil.—adj.Shrink′able.—ns.Shrink′age, a contraction into a less compass: the extent of the reduction of anything in bulk by shrinking, evaporation, &c.;Shrink′er.—adv.Shrink′ingly, in a shrinking manner: by shrinking. [A.S.scrincan; akin to Ger.schränken, to place obliquely.]
Shrive, shrÄ«v,v.t.to hear a confession from and give absolution to.—v.i.to receive confession: to make such:—pa.t.shrÅve or shrÄ«ved;pa.p.shriv′en.—ns.Shrī′ver, one who shrives: a confessor;Shrī′ving(Spens.), shift, confession;ShrÄ«ving-time(Shak.), time for confession. [A.S.scrÃfan, to write, to prescribe penance—L.scribÄ•re.]
Shrivel, shriv′l,v.i.andv.t.to contract into wrinkles: to blight:—pr.p.shriv′elling;pa.t.andpa.p.shriv′elled.[Perh. conn. with Old Northumbrianscrepa, to become dry; cf. Norw.skrypa, to waste.]
Shroff, shrof,n.a banker or money-changer in India.—v.t.to inspect the quality of coins.—n.Shroff′age, such examination. [Hind.sarrÄf—Ar.sarrÄf.]
Shroud, shrowd,n.the dress of the dead, a winding-sheet: that which clothes or covers: any underground hole, a vault, burrow, &c.: (pl.) a set of ropes from the mast-heads to a ship's sides, to support the masts.—v.t.to enclose in a shroud: to cover: to hide: to shelter.—v.i.to take shelter.—adjs.Shroud′less, without a shroud;Shroud′y, giving shelter. [A.S.scrúd; Ice.skrúdh, clothing.]
Shroud, shrowd,v.t.(prov.) to lop the branches from, as a tree.—n.a cutting, a bough or branch, the foliage of a tree. [A variant ofshred.]
Shrove-tide, shrÅv′-tÄ«d,n.the name given to the days immediately preceding Ash-Wednesday, preparatory to Lent—given up to football, cock-fighting, bull-baiting, &c.—ns.Shrove′-cake, a pancake forShrove-tide;Shrove′-Tues′day, the day before Ash-Wednesday. [A.S.scrÃfan, to shrive.]
Shrow, shrÅ,n.(Shak.). Same asShrew.
Shrub, shrub,n.a woody plant with several stems from the same root: a bush or dwarf tree.—v.t.(prov.) to win all a man's money at play.—adj.Shrub′beried, abounding in shrubbery.—ns.Shrub′bery, a plantation of shrubs;Shrub′biness, the state or quality of being shrubby.—adjs.Shrub′by, full of shrubs: like a shrub: consisting of shrubs;Shrub′less. [A.S.scrob; prov. Eng.shruff, light rubbish wood.]
Shrub, shrub,n.a drink prepared from the juice of lemons, currants, raspberries, with spirits, as rum. [A variant ofshrab.]
Shruff, shruf,n.(prov.) refuse wood. [Shrub.]
Shrug, shrug,v.t.to draw up: to contract.—v.i.to draw up the shoulders, expressive of doubt, surprise, indifference, &c.:—pr.p.shrug′ging;pa.t.andpa.p.shrugged.—n.an expressive drawing up of the shoulders. [Scand., Dan.skrugge, to stoop.]
Shrunk,pa.t.andpa.p.of shrink.
Shuck, shuk,n.a husk, shell, or pod.—v.t.to remove such, to strip off.—ns.Shuck′er, one who shucks;Shuck′ing, the act of taking off the shuck: a shucking-bee.—interj.Shucks(slang), expressive of contempt or disappointment.
Shudder, shud′ėr,v.i.to tremble from fear or horror.—n.a trembling from fear or horror.—adj.Shudd′ering, trembling, tremulous.—adv.Shudd′eringly. [Cf. Old Dut.schudden; Ger.schaudern, to shudder.]
Shuffle, shuf′l,v.t.to change the positions of: to confuse: to remove or introduce by purposed confusion.—v.i.to change the order of cards in a pack: to shift ground: to evade fair questions: to move by shoving the feet along.—n.act of shuffling: an evasion or artifice.—n.Shuff′ler.—p.adj.Shuff′ling, evasive, as an excuse.—adv.Shuff′lingly, in a shuffling manner: with an irregular gait: evasively.—To shuffle off, to thrust aside, put off. [A by-form ofscuffle, thus conn. withshoveandshovel.]
Shug, shug,v.i.(prov.) to crawl, to shrug.
Shun, shun,v.t.to avoid: to keep clear of: to neglect:—pr.p.shun′ning;pa.t.andpa.p.shunned.—adj.Shun′less(Shak.), not able to be shunned: unavoidable.—ns.Shun′ner;Shun′pike, a byroad. [A.S.scunian; Ice.skunda, to speed.]
Shunt, shunt,v.t.to turn aside, to turn off upon a side-rail: to shove off, free one's self from.—v.i.to turn aside: to use a switch or shunt in railways and electrics.—n.a short side-rail for allowing the main-line to be kept free: (electr.) a conductor joining two points of a circuit, through which a part of the current is diverted.—ns.Shun′ter;Shun′ting. [A.S.scyndan, to hasten. Skeat derives from Ice.skunda, to speed.]
Shut, shut,v.t.to close, as a door: to forbid entrance into: to contract, close, or bring together the parts of: to confine: to catch in the act of shutting something.—v.i.to close itself: to be closed.—pr.p.shut′ting;pa.t.andpa.p.shut.—p.adj.made fast, closed: not resonant, dull: formed by closing the mouth and nose passages completely, said of consonants, ast,d,p: having the sound cut off sharply by a succeeding consonant, as theiinpin, &c.: freed from (withof).—ns.Shut′down, a discontinuance of work in a factory, &c.;Shut′ter, one who, or that which, shuts: a close cover for a window or aperture: (phot.) a device for opening and closing a lens.—v.t.to cover with shutters.—n.Shut′ter-dam, a form of movable dam having large gates opened and closed by a turbine.—Shut down, to stop working;Shut in, to enclose, to confine: to settle down, or fall (said, e.g., of evening);Shut off, to exclude;Shut out, to prevent from entering;Shut up, to close, to confine: (coll.) to cease speaking, to make one do so, to make it impossible to answer. [A.S.scyttan, to bar—sceótan, to shoot.]
Shuttle, shut′l,n.an instrument used for shooting the thread of the woof between the threads of the warp in weaving.—v.t.andv.i.to move to and fro, like a shuttle.—n.Shutt′lecock, a rounded cork stuck with feathers, driven with a battledore: the game itself.—adv.Shutt′lewise, in the manner of a shuttle.—adj.Shutt′le-wit′ted, flighty. [From base of A.S.sceótan, shoot; Dan. and Sw.skyttel.]
Shwanpan, shwän′pan,n.the Chinese abacus or reckoning board.—AlsoSwan′pan.
Shy, shī,adj.timid: reserved: cautious: suspicious: elusive, hard to find.—v.i.to start aside, as a horse from fear.—v.t.to avoid:—pa.t.andpa.p.shīed.—n.a sudden swerving aside.—advs.Shy′ly,Shi′ly.—ns.Shy′ness,Shī′ness(obs.);Shy′ster, a tricky lawyer.—Fight shy of(seeFight);Look shy at, or on, to regard with distrust. [A.S.sceóh; Ger.scheu, Dan.sky.]
Shy, shī,v.t.to fling, throw, toss.—v.i.to jerk.—n.a throw, a fling: a gibe, sneer: a trial.
Si, sē,n.the syllable used for the seventh tone of the scale, or the leading tone.
Sialogogue, sÄ«-al′o-gog,n.a drug which increases the secretion of saliva—alsoSial′agogue.—adjs.Sialogog′ic(-goj′-);Sī′aloid.—n.Sialorrhē′a, excessive flow of saliva. [Gr.sialon, saliva,agÅgos, leading—agein, to lead.]
Siamang, sē′a-mang,n.the largest of the gibbons, found in Sumatra and Malacca. [Malay.]
Siamese, sī-am-ēz′,adj.pertaining or belonging toSiam, a country of Asia.—n.a native of Siam.—Siamese twins, two famous Siamese men (1811-74), joined from their birth by a cartilaginous band.
Sib,Sibbe, sib,adj.(Spens.) related by blood, akin.—n.a blood relation: a close ally. [A.S.sibb, relationship; Gr.sippe.]
Siberian, sī-bē′ri-an,adj.pertaining toSiberia, a country of Asia.—n.a native of Siberia.—n.Sibē′rite, rubellite from Siberia.
Sibilance, sib′i-lans,n.a hissing sound—alsoSib′ilancy.—adj.Sib′ilant, making a hissing sound.—n.a sibilant letter, assandz.—v.t.Sib′ilÄte, to pronounce with a hissing sound.—n.SibilÄ′tion, a hissing sound.—adjs.Sib′ilatory,Sib′ilous, hissing, sibilant. [L.sibilÄre,-Ätum, to hiss.]
Sibyl, sib′il,n.in ancient mythology, one of certain women possessing powers of divination and prophecy: a prophetess, an old sorceress.—adjs.Sibyl′lic,Sib′ylline, pertaining to, uttered, or written by sibyls: prophetical.—n.Sib′yllist, a believer in the so-called sibylline prophecies.—Sibylline Oracles, a series of pretended prophecies in Greek hexameters, written by Alexandrian Jews and Christians, and supposed to date from the 2d centuryB.C.down to the 3d centuryA.D., or, according to Ewald, even the 6th. [L.,—Gr.sibylla, not 'she who reveals the will of Zeus,'Dios boulē. The root issib-, as in L.per-sibus, acute, Gr.sophos, wise.]
Sic, sik,adv.so, thus—printed within brackets in quoted matter to show that the original is being correctly reproduced, even though incorrect or wrong.—Sic passim, so throughout.
Sic, sik,Siccan, sik′an,adj.Scotch forms ofsuch.—adj.Sic′-like, forsuch-like, of the same kind.
Sicambrian, si-kam′bri-an,n.one of a powerful ancient German tribe.
Sicanian, si-kÄ′ni-an,adj.pertaining to theSicanians, an aboriginal pre-Aryan race in Sicily.
Sicca, sik′a,adj.newly coined. [Hind.]
Siccate, sik′Ät,v.t.to dry.—n.SiccÄ′tion.—adj.Sicc′ative, drying: causing to dry.—n.Siccity(sik′si-ti),dryness. [L.siccÄre,-Ätum—siccus, dry.]
Sice, sīs,n.the number six at dice.
Sice,Syce, sÄ«s,n.a groom, a mounted attendant.—AlsoSaice. [Hind,sÄis—Ar.sÄis.]
Siceliot, si-sel′i-ot,adj.pertaining to theSiceliots, the colonies of immigrant Greeks in Sicily, who gradually became assimilated with the nativeSiculi—alsoSikel′iot.—n.a Greek settler in Sicily: a Siculian.
Sich, sich,adj.(Spens.) such.
Sicilian, si-sil′yan,adj.of or pertaining to Sicily, an island south of Italy.—n.a native of Sicily.—ns.Siciliä′no, a Sicilian popular dance in slow movement, also the music for such;Sicilienne′, a ribbed silk fabric.—Sicilian Vespers, the massacre of the French in Sicily on Easter Monday 1282—at the first stroke of the vesper-bell.
Sick, sik,adj.affected with disease: ill: inclined to vomit: disgusted: infirm: disordered: pining: depressed: indicating sickness: poor in quality: out of repair.—v.i.(Shak.) to grow sick.—ns.Sick′-bay,-berth, a compartment on a troop-ship, &c., for sick and wounded;Sick′-bed, a bed on which a person lies sick.—adj.Sick′-brained, mentally deranged.—v.t.Sick′en, to make sick: to disgust: to make weary of anything.—v.i.to become sick: to be disgusted: to become disgusting or tedious: to become weakened.—n.Sick′ener, any cause of disgust.—adj.Sick′ening, causing sickness or disgust, loathsome.—n.a scum which forms on the surface of mercury from grease, sulphides, arsenides, &c.—adv.Sick′eningly.—adj.Sick′-fall′en(Shak.), struck down with sickness.—ns.Sick′-flag, a yellow flag indicating disease on board a ship;Sick′-head′ache, headache accompanied with nausea.—adj.Sick′ish, somewhat sick.—adv.Sick′ishly.—ns.Sick′ishness;Sick′-leave, leave of absence from duty owing to sickness.—adj.Sick′lied(Shak.), tainted with the hue of sickness or disease.—adv.Sick′lily, in a sickly manner.—ns.Sick′liness, the state of being sickly, or of appearing so;Sick′-list, a list containing the names of the sick.—adjs.Sick′-listed, entered on the sick-list;Sick′ly, inclined to sickness: unhealthy: somewhat sick: weak: languid: producing disease: mawkish: feeble, mentally weak.—adv.in a sick manner: feebly.—v.t.(obs.) to make sickly or sickly-looking.—ns.Sick′ness, state of being sick, disease: disorder of the stomach: an enfeebled state of anything;Sick′-report′, a return regularly made of the state of the sick;Sick′-room, a room to which a person is confined by sickness.—adj.Sick′-thought′ed(Shak.), love-sick. [A.S.seóc; Ger.siech, Dut.ziek.]
Sick, sik,v.t.to set upon, chase: to incite to attack. [A variant ofseek.]
Sicker, sik′ėr,adj.(Scot.) sure, certain, firm.—adv.(Spens.) surely, certainly—alsoSicc′ar.—n.Sick′erness(Spens.), the state of being sicker or certain. [A.S.siker—L.securus; Ger.sicher.]
Sickle, sik′l,n.a hooked instrument for cutting grain.—n.Sic′kle-bill, a name applied to various birds with sickle-shaped bill.—adj.Sic′kled, bearing a sickle.—ns.Sic′kle-feath′er, one of the sickle-shaped middle feathers of the domestic cock;Sic′kleman, one who uses a sickle, a reaper.—adj.Sic′kle-shaped.—n.Sic′kle-wort, the self-heal. [A.S.sicol,sicel—L.secula, a sickle—secÄre, to cut.]
Sicsac, sik′sak,n.the Egyptian courser, crocodile-bird, or black-headed plover.—AlsoZiczac.
Siculian, si-kū′li-an,adj.pertaining to theSiculi, an ancient and most probably Aryan race of southern Italy who colonised Sicily.—adjs.Sic′ulo-ArÄ′bian;Sic′ulo-Pū′nic.
Sicyos, sis′i-os,n.a genus of plants of the orderCucurbitaceæ, the gourd family.
Sida, sī′da,n.a large genus of downy herbs of the mallow family. [Gr.]
Siddha, sid′da,n.one who has attained toSid′dhi, accomplishment or perfection.—n.Siddhar′ta, an epithet of Buddha. [Sans.]
Siddow, sid′Å,adj.(prov.) soft, pulpy.
Side, sÄ«d,n.the edge or border of anything: the surface of a solid: a part of a thing as seen by the eye: region, part: the part of an animal between the hip and shoulder: any party, interest, or opinion opposed to another: faction: line of descent: at billiards, a certain bias or kind of spinning motion given to a ball by striking it sidewise: (slang) a pretentious and supercilious manner, swagger.—adj.being on or toward the side: lateral: indirect.—v.i.to embrace the opinion or cause of one party against another.—v.t.(Spens.) to be on the same side with, to support: to cut into sides: to push aside, to set aside.—n.pl.Side′arms, arms or weapons worn on the side, as a sword or bayonet.—ns.Side′-beam, either of the working-beams of a marine engine, placed below the crank-shaft, on each side of the cylinder, instead of a central beam above the crank-shaft;Side′board, a piece of furniture on one side of a dining-room for holding dishes, &c.: (pl.) side-whiskers, stiff standing collars (slang).—n.pl.Side′-bones, enlargements situated above the quarters of a horse's feet, resulting from the conversion into bone of the elastic lateral cartilages.—ns.Side′box, a box or seat at the side of a theatre;Side′-chap′el, a chapel in an aisle or at the side of a church;Side′-comb, a small comb used to keep a lock of hair in place at the side of a woman's head;Side′-cous′in, a distant relative;Side′-cut, a cut from the side, an indirect attack;Side′-cut′ting, an excavation of earth along the side of a railway or canal to obtain material for an embankment.—adj.Sid′ed, having a side: flattened on one or more sides.—ns.Side′-dish, any supplementary dish at a dinner, &c., specially flavoured;Side′-drum, a small double-headed drum in military bands;Side′-glance, a glance to one side;Side′-is′sue, a subordinate issue aside from the main business;Side′light, light coming from the side, any incidental illustration: a window, as opposed to a sky-light, a window above or at the side of a door: one of the red or green lights carried on the side of a vessel under way at night;Side′-line, a line attached to the side of anything: any additional or extra line of goods sold by a commercial traveller: (pl.) the ropes binding the fore and hind feet on the same side of a horse.—adj.Side′ling, inclining to a side, sloping.—adv.sidewise, aslant.—n.Side′lock, a separate lock of hair worn at the side of the head.—adj.Side′long, oblique: not straight.—adv.in the direction of the side: obliquely.—n.the slope of a hill.—ns.Side′-note, a marginal note on a page, as opposed to a foot-note;Side′-part′ner(U.S.), one who shares a duty or employment with another alongside or alternately;Sid′er, a partisan: one living in any particular quarter of a city;Side′-rod, a coupling-rod of a locomotive: either of the rods of a side-beam engine connecting the cross-head on the piston-rod with the working-beam: either of the rods of a side-beam engine connecting the working-beams with the cross-head of the air-pump;Side′sadd′le, a saddle for women sitting, not astride, but with both feet on one side;Side′saddle-flower, a name sometimes given to a plant of the genusSarracenia;Side′-screw, a screw on the front edge of a carpenter's bench to hold the work fast: one of the screws fastening the lockplate of a gun to the stock;Side′-scrip′tion(Scots law), an old method of authenticating deeds written on several sheets of paper pasted together, by signing the name across each junction;Side′-seat, a seat in a vehicle with the back against its side;Side′-show, an exhibition subordinate to a larger one;Side′-sleeve(Shak.), a loose hanging sleeve;Side′-slip, an oblique offshoot: a bastard;Sides′man, a deputy churchwarden: (Milt.) a partisan.—adj.Side′-split′ting, affecting the sides convulsively, as in boisterous laughter.—ns.Side′-stroke, a stroke given sideways;Side′-tÄ′ble, a table placed usually against the wall;Side′-view, a view on or from one side;Side′-walk, a foot-walk beside a street or road.—advs.Side′ways,Side′wise, toward or on one side.—adj.Side′-wheel, having side or paddle wheels.—ns.Side′-wind, a wind blowing laterally: any indirect influence or means;SÄ«d′ing, a short line of rails on which wagons are shunted from the main-line.—v.i.Sī′dle, to go or move side-foremost.—v.t.to cause to move sideways.—Side by side, placed with sides near each other.—Choose sides, to pick out opposing parties to contend with each other;Right, orWrong,side, the side of anything (cloth, leather, &c.) intended to be turned outward or inward respectively;Take a side, to join one party in opposition to another;Take sides, to range one's self with one or other of contending parties;To one side, having a lateral inclination: out of sight. [A.S.sÃde; Ger.seite, Dut.zijde.]
Side, sÄ«d,adj.(Scot.) wide, large: far. [A.S.sÃd, spacious.]
Sidereal, sÄ«-dē′rÄ“-al,adj.relating to a star or stars: starry: (astron.) measured by the apparent motion of the stars.—adj.Sid′eral(Milt.), relating to the stars: baleful, from astrology.—n.SiderÄ′tion, a sudden deprivation of sense, as a stroke of apoplexy: a blast of plants.—Sidereal day, the time between two successive upper culminations of a fixed star or of the vernal equinox, shorter than a solar day;Sidereal year(seeYear). [L.sidus,sideris, a star.]
Siderite, sid′ėr-īt,n.the lodestone: native iron protocarbonate—alsoChalybite,SpathicorSparry iron,Junckerite. [L.sideritis, the lodestone—Gr.sidēritēs, of iron—sidēros, iron.]
Siderography, sid-ėr-og′ra-fi,n.steel-engraving.—adjs.Siderograph′ic,-al.—n.Siderog′raphist. [Gr.sidēros, iron,graphein, engrave.]
Siderolite, sid′e-rÅ-lÄ«t,n.a meteorite composed chiefly of iron. [Gr.sidÄ“ros, iron,lithos, stone.]
Sideromancy, sid′ėr-Å-mans-i,n.divination by burning straws, &c., on a red-hot plate of iron. [Gr.sidÄ“ros, iron,manteia, divination.]
Sideroscope, sid′ėr-o-skÅp,n.an instrument for detecting minute degrees of magnetism by means of a combination of magnetic needles. [Gr.sidÄ“ros, iron,skopein, to view.]
Siderostat, sid′e-rÅ-stat,n.a heliostat adapted to sidereal time.—adj.Siderostat′ic. [L.sidus,siderisa star, Gr.statos, standing.]
Siege, sēj,n.a sitting down with an army round or before a fortified place in order to take it by force: a continued endeavour to gain possession: (Shak.) a seat, throne, station: (Shak.) excrement: the floor of a glass-furnace: a workman's bench.—v.t.to lay siege to.—ns.Siege′-piece, a coin, generally of unusual shape and rude workmanship, issued in a besieged place during stress of siege;Siege′-train, the materials carried by an army for the purpose of laying siege to a place.—State of siege, a condition of things in which civil law is suspended or made subordinate to military law;Minor state of siege, a modification of the more severe rule in cases of merely domestic trouble. [O. Fr.sege(Fr.siège), seat—Low L.assedium=L.obsidium, a siege—sedēre, to sit.]
Sield, sēld (Spens.). Cieled.
Sienese, si-e-nēz′,adj.pertaining toSiena, orSienna, in central Italy, or its school of painting in the 13th and 14th centuries.
Sienite,Sienitic. Same asSyenite, &c.
Sienna, si-en′a,n.a fine orange-red pigment used in oil and water-colour painting. [It.terra di Siena, Sienna earth.]
Sierra, sē-er′ra,n.a ridge of mountains: a scombroid fish. [Sp., usually derived from L.serra, a saw. Some suggest Ar.sehrah, a desert place, whence alsoSahara.]
Siesta, si-es′ta,n.a short sleep taken about midday or after dinner. [Sp.,—L.sexta(hora), thesixth(hour) after sunrise, the hour of noon.]
Sieur, sièr,n.a French title of respect, obsolete except in law-courts. [Fr.,—L.senior.]
Sieve, siv,n.a vessel with a bottom of woven hair or wire to separate the fine part of anything from the coarse: a person who cannot keep a secret.—v.t.to put through a sieve: to sift. [A.S.sife; Ger.seib.]
Siffle, sif′l,n.a sibilant râle.—v.i.to whistle, hiss.—ns.Siff′let, a theatrical whistle;Siff′leur, a whistler. [Fr.siffler—L.sibilÄre.]
Sift, sift,v.t.to separate with, or as with, a sieve: to examine closely.—n.Sift′er, one who, or that which, sifts. [A.S.siftan—sife, a sieve.]
Sigh, sÄ«,v.i.to inhale and respire with a long, deep, and audible breathing, as in love or grief: to sound like sighing.—v.t.to express by sighs.—n.a long, deep, audible respiration.—n.Sigh′er.—adj.Sigh′ful.—adv.Sigh′ingly. [A.S.sÃcan; Sw.sucka.]
Sight, sīt,n.act of seeing: view: faculty of seeing: that which is seen: a spectacle: an object of especial interest: space within vision: examination: a small opening for looking through at objects: a metal pin on the top of a barrel of a gun to guide the eye in taking aim: (slang) a great many or a great deal.—v.t.to catch sight of: to present to sight or put under notice.—adjs.Sight′ed, having sight of some special character, as short-sighted: fitted with a sight, as a firearm;Sight′less, wanting sight: blind: (Shak.) invisible: (Shak.) unsightly, ugly.—adv.Sight′lessly.—ns.Sight′lessness;Sight′liness.—adjs.Sight′ly, pleasing to the sight or eye: comely;Sight′-outrun′ning(Shak.), running faster than the eye can follow.—ns.Sight′-read′er, one who reads at sight, as musical notes, passages in a foreign tongue, &c.;Sight′-reading;Sight′-see′ing, the act of seeing sights: eagerness to see novelties or curiosities;Sight′-sē′er, one who is eager to see novelties or curiosities;Sights′man, a local guide;Sec′ond-sight, a gift of prophetic vision, long supposed in the Scottish Highlands and elsewhere to belong to particular persons.—At sight, without previous study or practice;At sight,After sight, terms applied to bills or notes payable on, or after, presentation;Lose sight of, to cease to see: to overlook;Out of sight, too far away to be seen: not in sight: (coll.) beyond comparison;Put out of sight, to remove from vision: (slang) to consume, as food. [A.S.siht,ge-siht—ge-segen, pa.p. ofseón, to see; Ger.sicht.]
Sight, sīt (Spens.)=Sighed.
Sigil, sij′il,n.a seal: a signature: an occult or magical mark.—adjs.Sig′illary, pertaining to a seal;Sig′illate, decorated, as pottery, with impressed patterns: (bot.) marked with seal-like scars.—ns.SigillÄ′tion;Sigillog′raphy, knowledge of seals.—n.pl.Sig′la, abbreviations of names, &c., on seals. [L.sigillum, dim. ofsignum, sign.]
Sigillaria, sij-il-Ä′ri-a,n.a family of fossil lycopods, abundant in Carboniferous strata, with pillar-like trunks, the columnar stems ribbed and fluted longitudinally, the fluting marked by rows or whorls of scars left by fallen leaves.—adjs.SigillÄ′rian,Sig′illaroid,SigillÄ′rioid. [L.sigillum, a seal.]
Sigma, sig′ma,n.the Greek letter corresponding to ours—writtenΣ(capital),σ(small initial) orÏ‚(small final).—adjs.Sig′mate,Sigmat′ic.—ns.SigmÄ′tion, the adding ofsat the end of a word or syllable;Sig′matism, repetition ofsor the s-sound: defective pronunciation of this sound.—adjs.Sig′moid,-al, formed likes.
Sign, sīn,n.mark, token: proof: that by which a thing is known or represented: a word, gesture, symbol, or mark, intended to signify something else: a remarkable event: an omen: a miraculous manifestation: a memorial: something set up as a notice in a public place: (math.) a mark showing the relation of quantities or an operation to be performed: (med.) a symptom: (astron.) one of the twelve parts of the zodiac, each comprising 30 degrees of the ecliptic.—v.t.to represent or make known by a sign: to attach a signature to.—v.i.to give one's signature: to make a particular sign.—adj.Sign′able, capable of being, or requiring to be, signed.—ns.Sign′board, a board with a sign telling a man's occupation or articles for sale;Sign′er;Sig′net, the privy-seal: (B.) a seal.—adj.Sig′neted, stamped or marked with a signet.—n.Sig′net-ring, a ring with a signet or private seal.—adj.Sign′less, making no sign.—ns.Sign′-man′ual, the royal signature, usually only the initial of the sovereign's name, with R. forRexorRegina;Sign′-paint′er, one who paints signs for shops, &c.;Sign′post, a post on which a sign is hung: a direction-post. [Fr.signe—L.signum.]
Signal, sig′nal,n.a sign for giving notice, generally at a distance: token: the notice given: any initial impulse.—v.t.andv.i.to make signals to: to convey by signals:—pr.p.sig′nalling;pa.t.andpa.p.sig′nalled.—adj.having a sign: remarkable: notable: eminent.—ns.Sig′nal-book, a book containing a system of signals;Sig′nal-box,-cab′in, &c., a small house in which railway-signals are worked: the alarm-box of a police or fire-alarm system;Sig′nal-code, a code or system of arbitrary signals, esp. at sea, by flags or lights;Sig′nal-fire, a fire used for a signal;Sig′nal-flag, a flag used in signalling, its colour, shape, markings, and combinations indicating various significations;Sig′nal-gun, a gun fired as a signal.—v.t.Sig′nalise, to make signal or eminent: to signal.—ns.Sig′nal-lamp, a lamp by which signals are made by glasses or slides of different colours, &c.;Sig′nalling, the means of transmitting intelligence to a greater or less distance by the agency of sight or hearing.—adv.Sig′nally.—ns.Sig′nalman, one who makes signals and who interprets those made;Sig′nalment, the act of communicating by signals: description by means of marks;Sig′nal-post, a pole on which movable flags, arms, lights, are displayed as signals;Sig′nal-ser′vice, the department in the army occupied with signalling. [Fr.,—L.signalis,signum.]
Signature, sig′na-tÅ«r,n.a sign or mark: the name of a person written by himself: (mus.) the flats and sharps after the clef to show the key: a sheet after being folded, the figure or letter at the foot of the page indicating such.—adj.Sig′nÄte, designate: bearing spots resembling letters.—ns.SignÄ′tion, anything used as a sign, an emblem;Sig′natory,Sig′natary,Sig′nitary, one bound by signature to some agreement.—adj.having signed, bound by signature.—Doctrine of signatures, an inveterate belief in early medicine that plants and minerals bore certain symbolical marks which indicated the diseases for which nature had intended them as special remedies. [Fr.,—Low L.signatura—L.signÄre,-Ätum, to sign.]
Signieur,n.(Shak.). Same asSeignior.
Signify, sig′ni-fÄ«,v.t.to make known by a sign or by words: to mean: to indicate or declare: to have consequence.—v.i.to be of consequence:—pa.t.andpa.p.sig′nifÄ«ed.—adj.Sig′nifiable, that may be signified or represented by symbols.—n.Signif′icance, that which is signified: meaning: importance: moment—alsoSignif′icancy.—adj.Signif′icant, signifying: expressive of something: standing as a sign.—adv.Signif′icantly.—ns.Signif′icate, in logic, one of several things signified by a common term;SignificÄ′tion, act of signifying: that which is signified: meaning.—adj.Signif′icÄtive, signifying: denoting by a sign: having meaning: expressive.—adv.Signif′icÄtively, in a significative manner: so as to betoken by an external sign.—ns.Signif′icÄtiveness, the quality of being significative;Signif′icÄtor, one who signifies: (astrol.) a planet ruling a house.—adj.Signif′icatory. [L.significÄre,-Ätum,signum, a sign,facÄ•re, to make.]
Signor, sē′nyor,n.an Italian word of address equivalent to Mr—alsoSignior.—ns.Signora(sÄ“-nyÅ′ra),feminine of signor;Signorina(sÄ“-nyÅ-rē′na),the Italian equivalent of Miss;Sig′nory,Sig′niory(same asSeigniory). [It.signore.]
Sike, sÄ«k,n.(Scot.) a small stream of water.—AlsoSyke. [Ice.sÃk,sÃki, a ditch.]
Sikh, sēk,n.one of a religious sect of northern India, which became a great military confederacy—founded by Baba Nának (born 1469).—n.Sikh′ism. [Hind.Sikh, lit. follower or disciple.]
Sil, sil,n.a yellowish pigment of ancient painters.
Silage, sī′laj,n.the term applied to fodder which has been preserved by ensilage in a silo.
Sile, sīl,v.t.(prov.) to strain.—n.a sieve, a strainer or colander. [Low Ger.silen; Ger.sielen, to filter.]
Silence, sī′lens,n.state of being silent: absence of sound or speech: muteness: cessation of agitation: calmness: oblivion.—v.t.to cause to be silent: to put to rest: to stop.—interj.be silent!—adj.Sī′lent, free from noise: not speaking: habitually taciturn: still: not pronounced: of distilled spirit, without flavour or odour.—n.Silen′tiary, one who keeps order in an assembly.—adv.Sī′lently.—n.Sī′lentness=Silence. [L.silēre, to be silent.]
Silene, sī-lē′nē,n.a genus of plants of the natural orderCaryophyllaceæ—theBladder Campion, whose young shoots eat like asparagus—theCatchfly, a general name for many British species.
Silenus, sī-lē′nus,n.the foster-father of Bacchus, a little pot-bellied old man, bald-headed and snub-nosed, generally astride of an ass, drunk, and attended by a troop of satyrs.
Silesia, si-lē′shi-a,n.a thin brown holland for window-blinds, &c.: a thin twilled cotton.—adj.Silē′sian, pertaining toSilesia.
Silex, sī′leks,n.silica, as found in nature, occurring as flint, quartz, rock-crystal, &c. [L.silex,silicis, flint.]