Saker, sā′kėr,n.a species of falcon: a species of cannon. [Fr.,—Low L.falco sacer, sacred falcon.]
Saki, sak′i,n.a genus of long-tailed South American monkeys.
Sakieh, sak′i-e,n.a Persian wheel used in Egypt for raising water.—AlsoSak′ia, [Ar.saqieh.]
Sal, sal,n.a large gregarious timber tree of north India, with hard, dark-brown, coarse-grained, durable wood. [Hind.sāl.]
Sal, sal,n.salt, used in chemistry and pharmacy with various adjectives, asSal′-alem′broth, a solution of equal parts of corrosive sublimateandammonium chloride—alsoSalt of wisdom;Sal′-ammō′niac, chloride of ammonium, with a sharp, saline taste;Sal′-seignette′, Rochelle salt;Sal′-volat′ile, a solution of carbonate of ammonia in alcohol—a common remedy for faintness. [L.]
Salaam,Salam, sa-läm′,n.a word of salutation in the East, chiefly among Mohammedans: homage.—v.i.to perform the salaam. [Ar.salām,peace; Heb.shalām,to be safe.]
Salable,Salableness,Salably. Same asSaleable, &c. SeeSale.
Salacious, sal-ā′shi-us,adj.lustful: lecherous.—adv.Salā′ciously, lustfully: lecherously.—ns.Salā′ciousness,Salac′ity, lust, lecherousness. [L.salax—salīre,to leap.]
Salad, sal′ad,n.a preparation of raw herbs (lettuce, endive, chicory, celery, mustard and cress, water-cress, onions, radishes, tomatoes, chervil, &c.) cut up and seasoned with salt, vinegar, &c.: a dish of some kind of meat, chopped, seasoned, and mixed with a salad.—ns.Salad-bur′net, the common burnet, used as a salad;Sal′ading, herbs for salads: the making of salads;Sal′ad-oil, olive-oil, used in dressing salads;Sal′ad-plate, a small plate for salad;Sal′ad-rock′et, the garden rocket;Sal′ad-spoon, a large and long-handled spoon for stirring and mixing salads, made of wood or other material not affected by vinegar.—Salad days, days of youthful inexperience. [Fr.salade—Old It.salata—salare,to salt—L.sal,salt.]
Salagramma, sä-lä-grä′mä,n.a stone sacred to Vishnu.
Salal-berry, sal′al-ber′i,n.a berry-like plant of California, about the size of a common grape.
Salam. SeeSalaam.
Salamander, sal′a-man-dėr,n.a genus of tailed Amphibians, nearly related to the newts, harmless, but long dreaded as poisonous, once supposed able to live in fire: (her.) a four-legged creature with a long tail surrounded by flames: a poker used red-hot for kindling fires: a hot metal plate for browning meat, &c.—adjs.Salaman′driform;Salaman′drine, like a salamander: enduring fire;Salaman′droid—alson.[Fr.salamandre—L.,—Gr.salamandra;of Eastern origin.]
Salamba, sa-lam′ba,n.a contrivance for fishing used at Manila and elsewhere in the East.
Salamis, sal′a-mis,n.a genus of lepidopterous insects.
Salangane, sal′ang-gān,n.a Chinese swift which constructs edible nests.
Salary, sal′a-ri,n.a recompense for services: wages.—v.t.to pay a salary.—adj.Sal′aried, receiving a salary. [O. Fr.salarie(Fr.salaire, It.salario)—L.salarium, salt-money,sal, salt]
Salda, sal′da,n.a genus of true bugs.
Sale, sāl,n.act of selling: the exchange of anything for money: power or opportunity of selling: demand: public showing of goods to sell: auction.—adj.Sale′able, that may be sold: in good demand.—n.Sale′ableness.—adv.Sale′ably.—ns.Sale′room, an auction-room;Sales′man, a man who sells goods:—fem.Sales′woman.—adj.Sale′-tongued, mercenary.—n.pl.Sale′wares, merchandise.—n.Sale′work, work or things made for sale, or merely for sale: work carelessly done.—Forced sale, a sale compelled by a creditor;Terms of sale, the conditions imposed on a purchaser. [Scand., Ice.sala.]
Sale, sāl,n.(Spens.) a kind of basket-like net, made of sallows or willows. [A.S.sealh, willow.]
Salebrous, sal′ē-brus,adj.rough, rugged.—n.Salebros′ity. [Fr.,—L.salebrosus, rough.]
Salep, sal′ep,n.the dried tubers ofOrchis mascula: the food prepared from it.—AlsoSal′op. [Ar.]
Saleratus, sal-e-rā′tus,n.sodium bicarbonate, used in baking-powders.—AlsoSalærā′tus. [L.sal aeratus, aerated salt.]
Salewe, sal-ū′,v.t.(Spens.) to salute. [Salute.]
Salian, sā′li-an,adj.pertaining to a tribe of Franks on the lower Rhine.—n.one of this tribe.—adj.Sal′ic, denoting a law among the Salian Franks limiting the succession of certain lands to males—extended in the 14th century to the succession to the crown of France. [Fr.salique—Low L.Lex salica.]
Salian, sā′li-an,adj.pertaining to theSaliior priests of Mars in ancient Rome.—Salian hymns, songs sung by these, with dances, &c.
Saliant, sāl′i-ant,adj.Same asSalient.
Saliaunce, sal-i-äns′,n.(Spens.). SeeSalience.
Salicetum, sal-i-sē′tum,n.a thicket of willows:—pl.Salicē′tums,Salicē′ta.
Salicin,-e, sal′i-sin,n.a bitter crystalline glucoside, obtained from the bark of willows and poplars.—n.Sal′icylāte, a salt of salicylic acid.—adjs.Sal′icylāted, combined with salicylic acid;Salicy′lic, obtained from the willow.—Salicylate of sodium, a product occurring in small white crystals, used very largely in acute rheumatism. [L.salix,salicis, a willow.]
Salicornia, sal-i-kor′ni-a,n.a genus of apetalous plants—theglass-wort,marsh-samphire. [Fr.,—L.sal, salt,cornu, a horn.]
Salient, sā′li-ent,adj.leaping or springing: (fort.) projecting outwards, as an angle: prominent: striking: (geom.) denoting any angle less than two right angles: (her.) of a beast of prey nearly rampant.—n.Sā′lience, the quality or condition of being salient: projection: (Spens.) a leaping, assaulting, onslaught.—adv.Sā′liently. [Fr.,—L.saliens,-entis, pr.p. ofsalīre, to leap.]
Salière, sa-lyār′,n.a saltcellar. [Fr.]
Saliferous, sā-lif′ėr-us,adj.bearing salt.—Saliferous system, the Triassic, from its rich deposits. [L.sal,salis, salt,ferre, to bear.]
Salify, sal′i-fī,v.t.to combine with an acid in order to make a salt:—pa.t.andpa.p.sal′ified.—adj.Salifī′able.—n.Salificā′tion, the act of salifying.
Saline, sā′līn, orsā-līn′,adj.consisting of, or containing, salt: partaking of the qualities of salt.—n.an effervescent powder used as a gentle aperient: a salt-spring.—ns.Salī′na, salt-works;Salinā′tion, the act of washing in salt liquor;Sal′ine,Sal′in, a salt, reddish substance obtained from the ashes of potato-leaves;Saline′ness.—adjs.Salinif′erous;Salin′iform.—ns.Salin′ity;Salinom′eter,Salim′eter, a hydrometer for measuring the amount of salt in any given solution.—adj.Salī′no-terrene′, composed of salt and earth.—v.t.Sal′ite, to season with salt.—n.Sal′itral, a place where saltpetre occurs. [Fr.,—L.salinus—sal, salt.]
Salique, sal′ik, or sa-lēk′. Same asSalic(seeSalian).
Saliva, sa-lī′va,n.the spittle, one of the digestive fluids, mainly the product of the salivary glands.—adjs.Salī′val,Sal′ivant, producing salivation.—n.Salī′va-pump, a device for carrying off the accumulating saliva.—adj.Sa′livary, pertaining to, secreting, or containing saliva.—n.that which produces salivation.—v.t.Sal′ivāte, to produce an unusual amount of saliva.—n.Salivā′tion, an unusual flow of saliva.—adj.Sal′ivous, like spittle. [Fr.,—L., allied to Gr.sialon, saliva.]
Salix, sā′liks,n.a genus of apetalous trees and shrubs, the willows. [L.]
Sallee-man, sal′ē-man,n.a Moorish pirate.—AlsoSall′ee-rō′ver. [Sallee, on the coast of Morocco.]
Sallet, sal′et,n.a light kind of helmet of the 15th century, with projection behind, used by foot-soldiers. [O. Fr.salade, through It.celata, a helmet, from L.cælata, figured—cælāre, to engrave.]
Sallie, sal′i,n.(Scot.) a hired mourner at a funeral.
Sallow, sal′ō,n.a tree or low shrub of the willow kind—(Scot.)Sauch.—adj.Sall′owy, abounding in sallows. [A.S.sealh; Ger.sahl.]
Sallow, sal′ō,adj.of a pale, yellowish colour.—v.t.to tinge with a sallow colour.—adj.Sall′owish, somewhat sallow.—ns.Sall′ow-kitt′en, a kind of puss-moth;Sall′ow-moth, a British moth of a pale-yellow colour;Sall′owness.—adj.Sall′owy. [A.S.salo,salu; cf. Dut.zaluw, and Old High Ger.salo.]
Sally, sal′i,n.a leaping or bursting out: a sudden rushing forth of troops to attack besiegers: excursion: outburst of fancy, wit, &c.: levity: a projection.—v.i.to rush out suddenly: to mount:—pa.t.andpa.p.sall′ied.—n.Sall′y-port, a passage by which a garrison may make a sally: a large port for the escape of a crew when a fire-ship is set on fire. [Fr.saillie—saillir(It.salire)—L.salire, to leap.]
Sally, sal′i,n.a kind of stone-fly: a wren.—n.Sall′ypick′er, one of several different warblers.
Sally-lunn, sal′i-lun,n.a sweet spongy tea-cake. [From the name of a girl who sold them in the streets of Bath about the close of the 18th century.]
Sally-wood, sal′i-wōōd,n.willow-wood.
Salmagundi, sal-ma-gun′di,n.a dish of minced meat with eggs, anchovies, vinegar, pepper, &c.: a medley, miscellany.—AlsoSalmagun′dy. [Fr.salmigondis—It.salami, pl. ofsalame, salt meat—L.sal, salt,conditi, pl. ofcondito, seasoned—L.condīre,-ītum, to pickle.]
Salmi,Salmis, sal′mi,n.a ragout of roasted woodcocks, &c., stewed with wine, morsels of bread, &c. [Fr.salmis—It.salame, salt meat.]
Salmiac, sal′mi-ak,n.sal-ammoniac.
Salmon, sam′un,n.a large fish, brownish above, with silvery sides, the delicate flesh reddish-orange in colour—ascending rivers to spawn: the upper bricks in a kiln which receive the least heat.—ns.Sal′mō, the leading genus ofSalmonidæ;Salm′on-col′our, an orange-pink;Salm′onet, a young salmon;Salm′on-fish′ery, a place where salmon-fishing is carried on;Salm′on-fly, any kind of artificial fly for taking salmon;Salm′on-fry, salmon under two years old;Salm′oning, the salmon industry, as canning;Salm′on-kill′er, a sort of stickleback;Salm′on-leap,-ladd′er, a series of steps to permit a salmon to pass up-stream.—adj.Salm′onoid.—ns.Salm′on-peal,-peel, a grilse under 2 lb.;Salm′on-spear, an instrument used in spearing salmon;Salm′on-spring, a smolt or young salmon of the first year;Salm′on-tack′le, the rod, line, and fly with which salmon are taken;Salm′on-trout, a trout like the salmon, but smaller and thicker in proportion;Salm′on-weir, a weir specially designed to take salmon.—Black salmon, the great lake trout;Burnett salmon, a fish with reddish flesh like a salmon;Calvered salmon, pickled salmon;Cornish salmon, the pollack;Kelp salmon, a serranoid fish;Kippered Salmon, salmon salted and smoke-dried;Quoddy salmon, the pollack;Sea salmon, the pollack;White salmon, a carangoid Californian fish. [O. Fr.saulmon—L.salmo, fromsalīre, to leap.]
Salnatron, sal-nā′tron,n.crude sodium carbonate.
Salomonic. Same asSolomonic.
Salon, sa-long′,n.a drawing-room: a fashionable reception, esp. a periodic gathering of notable persons, in the house of some social queen: the great annual exhibition of works by living artists at the Palais des Champs Elysées in Paris. [Fr.]
Saloon, sa-lōōn′,n.a spacious and elegant hall or apartment for the reception of company, for works of art, &c.: a main cabin: a drawing-room car on a railroad: a liquor-shop.—ns.Saloon′ist,Saloon′-keep′er, one who retails liquor. [Fr.salon—salle; Old High Ger.sal, a dwelling, Ger.saal.]
Saloop, sa-lōōp′,n.a drink composed of sassafras tea, with sugar and milk. [Salep.]
Salop. Same asSalep.
Salopian, sal-ō′pi-an,adj.pertaining to Shropshire (L.Salopia), as the ware, a name given to Roman pottery found in Shropshire.
Salpa, sal′pa,n.a remarkable genus of free-swimming Tunicates.—adjs.Sal′pian;Sal′piform.
Salpicon, sal′pi-kon,n.stuffing, chopped meat. [Fr.]
Salpiglossis, sal-pi-glos′is,n.a genus of gamopetalous plants, native to Chili, with showy flowers resembling petunias, [Gr.salpingx, a trumpet,glōssa, tongue.]
Salpinctes, sal-pingk′tes,n.the rock-wrens. [Gr.salpingktēs, a trumpeter.]
Salpingitis, sal-pin-jī′tis,n.inflammation of a Fallopian tube.—adjs.Salpingit′ic,Salpin′gian, pertaining to a Fallopian or to a Eustachian tube.—n.Sal′pinx, a Eustachian tube or syrinx. [Gr.salpingx, a trumpet.]
Salpornis, sal-por′nis,n.a genus of creepers inhabiting Asia and Africa. [Gr.salpingx, a trumpet,ornis, a bird.]
Salsaginous, sal-saj′i-nus,adj.saltish: growing in brackish places.
Salsamentarious, sal-sa-men-tā′ri-us,adj.(obs.) salted.
Salse, sals,n.a mud volcano: a conical hillock of mud. [Fr.,—L.salsus,salīre, to salt.]
Salsify, sal′si-fi,n.a biennial plant growing in meadows throughout Europe, whose long and tapering root has a flavour resembling asparagus—alsoSal′safy—often calledOyster-plant.—Black salsify, the related scorzonera. [Fr.,—It.sassefrica, goat's-beard—L.saxum, a rock,fricāre, to rub.]
Salsilla, sal-sil′a,n.one of several species ofBomarea, with edible tubers. [Sp., dim. ofsalsa, sauce.]
Salsola, sal′sō-la,n.a genus of plants, including thesalt-wortandprickly glass-wort.—adj.Salsolā′ceous. [L.salsus—salīre, to salt.]
Salt, sawlt,n.chloride of sodium, or common salt, a well-known substance used for seasoning, found either in the earth or obtained by evaporation from sea-water: anything like salt: seasoning: piquancy: abatement, modification, allowance: an experienced sailor: that which preserves from corruption: an antiseptic: (chem.) a body composed of an acid and a base united in definite proportions, or of bromine, chlorine, fluorine, or iodine, with a metal or metalloid: (obs.) lust.—v.t.to sprinkle or season with salt: to fill with salt between the timbers for preservation.—adj.containing salt: tasting of salt: overflowed with, or growing in, salt-water: pungent: lecherous: (coll.) costly, expensive—ns.Salt′-block, a salt-evaporating apparatus;Salt′-bott′om, a flat piece of ground covered with saline efflorescences:Salt′-bush, an Australian plant of the goose-foot family;Salt′-cake, the crude sodium sulphate occurring as a by-product in the manufacture of hydrochloric acid;Salt′-cat, a mixture given as a digestive to pigeons;Salt′er, one who salts, or who makes, sells, or deals in salt, as inDrysalter: a trout leaving salt-water to ascend a stream;Sal′tern, salt-works;Salt′-foot, a large saltcellar marking the boundary between the superior and inferior guests;Salt′-gauge, an instrument for testing the strength of brine;Salt′-glaze, a glaze produced upon ceramic ware by putting common salt in the kilns after they have been fired.—adj.Salt′-green(Shak.), sea-green.—ns.Salt′-group, a series of rocks containing salt, as the Onondaga salt-group;Salt′-hold′er, a saltcellar;Salt′-horse, salted beef;Salt′ie, the salt-water fluke or dab;Salt′ing, the act of sprinkling with salt: the celebration of the Eton 'Montem.'—adj.Salt′ish, somewhat salt.—adv.Salt′ishly, so as to be moderately salt.—ns.Salt′ishness, a moderate degree of saltness;Salt′-junk, hard salt beef for use at sea.—adj.Salt′less, without salt: tasteless.—n.Salt′-lick, a place to which animals resort for salt.—adv.Salt′ly.—ns.Salt′-marsh, land liable to be overflowed by the sea or the waters of estuaries;Salt′-marshcat′erpillar, the hairy larva of an arctiid moth;Salt′-marshhen, a clapper-rail;Salt′-marshterr′apin, the diamond-backed turtle;Salt′-mine, a mine where rock-salt is obtained;Salt′ness, impregnation with salt;Salt′-pan, a pan, basin, or pit where salt is obtained or made;Salt′-pit, a pit where salt is obtained;Salt′-rheum, a cutaneous eruption;Salts, Epsom salt or other salt used as a medicine.—adj.Salt′-sliv′ered, slivered and salted, as fish for bait.—ns.Salt′-spoon, a small spoon for serving salt at table;Salt′-spring, a brine-spring;Salt′-wa′ter, water impregnated with salt, sea-water;Salt′-works, a place where salt is made;Salt′-wort, a genus of plants of many species, mostly natives of salt-marshes and sea-shores, one only being found in Britain, the Prickly S., which was formerly burned for the soda it yielded.—adj.Salt′y(same asSaltish).—Salt a mine, to deposit ore in it cunningly so as to deceive persons who inspect it regarding its value;Salt of lemon, orsorrel, acid potassium oxalate, a solvent for ink-stains;Salt of soda, sodium carbonate;Salt of tartar, a commercial name for purified potassium carbonate;Salt of vitriol, sulphate of zinc;Salt of wormwood, carbonate of potash.—Above the salt, at the upper half of the table, among the guests of distinction;Attic salt, wit;Below the salt, at the lower half of the table;Be not worth one's salt, not to deserve even the salt that gives relish to one's food;Bronzing salt, used in burning gun-barrels;Epsom salts, magnesium sulphate, a cathartic;Essential salts, those produced from the juices of plants by crystallisation;Glauber's salt, orHorse salts, a well-known cathartic, used in woollen dyeing;Lay salt on the tail of, to catch;Neutral salt, a salt in which the acid and the base neutralise each other;Rochelle salt, sodium potassium tartrate, a laxative;Spirits of salt, the old name for muriatic or hydrochloric acid;Take with a grain of salt, to believe with some reserve. [A.S.sealt; cf. Ger.salz, also L.sal, Gr.hals.]
Saltant, sal′tant,adj.leaping: dancing: (her.) salient.—v.i.Sal′tāte, to dance.—n.Saltā′tion, a leaping or jumping: beating or palpitation: (biol.) an abrupt variation.—n.pl.Saltatō′ria, a division of orthopterous insects including grass-hoppers, locusts, and crickets.—adjs.Saltatō′rial,Saltatō′rious;Sal′tatory, leaping: dancing: having the power of, or used in, leaping or dancing. [L.saltans, pr.p. ofsaltāre,-ātum, inten. ofsalīre, to leap.]
Saltarello, sal-ta-rel′ō,n.a lively Italian dance in triple time, diversified with skips, for a single couple—also the music for such: an old form of round dance. [It.,—L.saltāre, to dance.]
Saltcellar, sawlt′sel-ar,n.a small table vessel for holding salt. [Forsalt-sellar, the last part being O. Fr.saliere—L.salarium—sal, salt.]
Saltierra, sal-tyer′a,n.a saline deposit in the inland lakes of Mexico. [Sp.,—L.sal, salt,terra, land.]
Saltigrade, sal′ti-grād,adj.formed for leaping, as certain insects.—n.one of a certain tribe of spiders which leap to seize their prey. [L.saltus, a leap,gradi, to go.]
Saltimbanco, sal-tim-bangk′ō,n.(obs.) a mountebank: a quack. [It.]
Saltire,Saltier, sal′tēr,n.(her.) an ordinary in the form of a St Andrew's Cross.—adj.Sal′tierwise. [O. Fr.saultoir,sautoir—Low L.saltatorium, a stirrup—L.saltāre, to leap.]
Saltpetre, sawlt-pē′tėr,n.the commercial name for nitre.—adj.Saltpē′trous. [O. Fr.salpestre—Low L.salpetra—L.sal, salt,petra, a rock.]
Saltus, sal′tus,n.a break of continuity in time: a leap from premises to conclusion. [L., a leap.]
Salubrious, sa-lū′bri-us,adj.healthful: wholesome.—adv.Salū′briously.—ns.Salū′briousness,Salū′brity, [L.salubris—salus,salutis, health.]
Salue, sal-ū′,v.t.(Spens.) to salute.
Salutary, sal′ū-tar-i,adj.belonging to health: promoting health or safety: wholesome: beneficial.—n.Salūdador′(obs.), a quack who cures by incantations.—adv.Sal′ūtarily, in a salutary manner: favourably to health.—n.Sal′ūtariness.—adj.Salūtif′erous, health-bearing.—adv.Salūtif′erously. [L.salutaris—salus, health.]
Salute, sal-ūt′,v.t.to address with kind wishes: to greet with a kiss, a bow, &c.: to honour formally by a discharge of cannon, striking colours, &c.—n.act of saluting: the position of the hand, sword, &c. in saluting: greeting: a kiss: a complimentary discharge of cannon, dipping colours, presenting arms, &c., in honour of any one.—ns.Salūtā′tion, act of saluting: that which is said in saluting, any customary or ceremonious form of address at meeting or at parting, or of ceremonial on religious or state occasions, including both forms of speech and gestures: (obs.) quickening, excitement: theAngelic Salutation(seeAve);Salūtatō′rian, in American colleges, the member of a graduating class who pronounces the salutatory oration.—adv.Salū′tatorily.—adj.Salū′tatory, pertaining to salutation.—n.a sacristy in the early church in which the clergy received the greetings of the people: an oration in Latin delivered by the student who ranks second.—n.Salū′ter. [L.salutāre,-ātum—salus,salutis.]
Salvage, sal′vāj,adj.(Spens.). Same asSavage.
Salvage, sal′vāj,n.compensation made by the owner of a ship or cargo in respect of services rendered by persons, other than the ship's company, in preserving the ship or cargo from shipwreck, fire, or capture: the goods and materials so saved.—n.Salvabil′ity, the possibility or condition of being saved.—adj.Sal′vable.—n.Sal′vableness.—adv.Sal′vably. [Fr.,—L.salvāre,-ātum, to save.]
Salvation, sal-vā′shun,n.act of saving: means of preservation from any serious evil: (theol.) the saving of man from the power and penalty of sin, the conferring of eternal happiness: (B.) deliverance from enemies.—v.t.to heal, to cure: to remedy: to redeem: to gloss over.—ns.Salvā′tionism;Salvā′tionist.—Salvation Army, an organisation for the revival of evangelical religion amongst the masses, founded by William Booth about 1865, reorganised on the model of a military force in 1878;Salvation Sally, a girl belonging to the Salvation Army.
Salvatory, sal′va-tō-ri,n.(obs.) a repository: a safe.
Salve, säv,n.(B.) an ointment: anything to cure sores.—v.t.to heal, help.—ns.Salv′er, a quacksalver, a pretender;Salv′ing, healing, restoration. [A.S.sealf; Ger.salbe, Dut.zalf.]
Salve, sal′vē,v.t.(Spens.) to salute.—Salve Regina(R.C.), an antiphonal hymn to the Blessed Virgin said after Lauds and Compline, from Trinity to Advent—from its opening words. [L.salve, God save you, hail! imper. ofsalvēre, to be well.]
Salvelinus, sal-ve-lī′nus,n.a genus ofSalmonidæ, the chars. [Prob. Latinised from Ger.salbling, a small salmon.]
Salver, sal′vėr,n.a plate on which anything is presented.—adj.Sal′ver-shaped, in the form of a salver or tray. [Sp.salva, a salver,salvar, to save—Low L.salvāre, to save.]
Salvia, sal′vi-a,n.a large genus of gamopetalous Labiate plants, including the sage.
Salvinia, sal-vin′i-a,n.a genus of heterosporous ferns—formerly calledRhizocarpeæorPepperworts.
Salvo, sal′vō,n.an exception: a reservation. [L., in phrase,salvo jure, one's right being safe.]
Salvo, sal′vō,n.a military or naval salute with guns: a simultaneous discharge of artillery: the combined cheers of a multitude:—pl.Salvos(sal′vōz).[It.salva, a salute—L.salve, hail!]
Sal-volatile, sal′-vo-lat′i-le. SeeSal.
Salvor, sal′vor,n.one who saves a cargo from wreck, fire, &c. [SeeSalvage.]
Sam, sam,adv.(Spens.) together.—v.t.to collect, to curdle milk. [A.S.samnian—samen, together.]
Samara, sā-mar′a, or sam′-,n.a dry indehiscent, usually one-sided fruit, with a wing, as in the ash, elm, and maple—the last a double samara.—adjs.Sam′ariform;Sam′aroid. [L.]
Samare, sa-mär′,n.an old form of women's long-skirted jacket.
Samaritan, sa-mar′i-tan,adj.pertaining toSamariain Palestine.—n.an inhabitant of Samaria, esp. one of the despised mixed population planted therein after the deportation of the Israelites: the language of Samaria, an archaic Hebrew, or rather Hebrew Aramaic, dialect: a charitable person—from Luke, x. 30-37.—n.Samar′itanism, charity, benevolence.—Samaritan Pentateuch, a recension of the Hebrew Pentateuch, in use amongst the Samaritans, and accepted by them as alone canonical.
Samaveda, sä-ma-vā′da,n.the name of one of the four Vedas. [Sans.]
Sambo, sam′bō,n.a negro: properly the child of a mulatto and a negro. [Sp.zambo—L.scambus, bow-legged.]
Sambucus, sam-bū′kus,n.a genus of gamopetalous trees and shrubs of the honeysuckle family—the elders. [L.]
Sambuke, sam′būk,n.an ancient musical instrument, probably a harp.—AlsoSambū′ca. [Gr.sambykē—Heb.sabeka.]
Sambur, sam′bur,n.the Indian elk.—AlsoSam′boo. [Hind.sambre.]
Same, sām,adv.(Spens.). Same asSam.
Same, sām,adj.identical: of the like kind or degree: similar: mentioned before.—adj.Same′ly, unvaried.—n.Same′ness, the being the same: tedious monotony.—All the same, for all that;At the same time, still, nevertheless. [A.S.same; Goth.samana; L.similis, like, Gr.homos.]
Samia, sā′mi-a,n.a genus of bombycid moths, belonging to North America.
Samian, sā′mi-an,adj.pertaining to, or from, the island ofSamos, in the Greek Archipelago.—n.(alsoSā′miot,Sā′miote) a native of Samos.—Samian earth, an argillaceous astringent earth;Samian stone, a goldsmiths' polishing-stone;Samian ware, an ancient kind of pottery, brick-red or black, with lustrous glaze.
Samiel, sā′mi-el,n.the simoom. [Turk.samyeli—Ar.samm, poison, Turk.yel, wind.]
Samisen, sam′i-sen,n.a Japanese guitar.
Samite, sam′it,n.a kind of heavy silk stuff. [O. Fr.samit—Low L.examitum—Gr.hexamiton,hex, six,mitos, thread.]
Samlet, sam′let,n.a parr: a salmon of the first year. [Prob.salmon-et.]
Sammy, sam′i,v.t.to moisten skins with water.—n.a machine for doing this.
Samnite, sam′nīt,adj.andn.pertaining to an ancient Sabine people of central Italy, crushed by the Romans after a long struggle: a Roman gladiator armed with shield, sleeve on right arm, helmet, shoulder-piece, and greave.
Samoan, sa-mō′an,adj.andn.pertaining toSamoain the Pacific.—Samoan dove, the tooth-billed pigeon.
Samolus, sam′ō-lus,n.a genus of herbaceous plants of the primrose family. [L.]
Samosatenian, sam-ō-sa-tē′ni-an,n.a follower of Paul ofSamosata, bishop of Antioch, the Socinus of the 3d century.
Samothracian, sam-ō-thrā′si-an,adj.belonging to the island ofSamothracein the Ægean Sea.
Samovar, sam′ō-vär,n.a tea-urn used in Russia, commonly of copper, the water in it heated by charcoal in a tube extending from top to bottom. [Russ.samovarŭ, prob. Tartar.]
Samoyed, sa-mō′yed,n.one of a Ural-Altaic race between the Obi and the Yenisei.—adj.Samoyed′ic.
Samp, samp,n.Indian corn coarsely ground: a kind of hominy, also porridge made from it.
Sampan.
Sampan, sam′pan,n.a small boat used in China and Japan.—AlsoSan′pan. [Chin.san,sam, three,pan, a board.]
Samphire, sam′fīr, or sam′fėr,n.an herb found chiefly on rocky cliffs near the sea, used in pickles and salads. [Corr. from Fr.Saint Pierre, Saint Peter.]
Sampi, sam′pī,n.a character,sampirepresenting a sibilant in early Greek use, later obsolete except as a numeral sign for 900.
Sample, sam′pl,n.a specimen: a part to show the quality of the whole: an example.—v.t.to make up samples of: to place side by side with: to match: to test by examination.—ns.Sam′pler, one who makes up samples (in compounds, aswool-sampler);Sam′ple-room, a room where samples are shown: (slang) a grog-shop;Sam′ple-scale, an accurately balanced lever-scale for weighing ten-thousandths of a pound. [Short foresample, from O. Fr.essample—L.exemplum, example.]
Sampler, sam′plėr,n.a pattern of work: a piece of ornamental embroidery, worsted-work, &c., containing names, figures, texts, &c.—n.Sam′plary(obs.), a pattern, an example. [Formed from L.exemplar.]
Sampsuchine, samp-sōō′chēn,n.(obs.) sweet marjoram.
Samshoo,Samshu, sam′shōō,n.an ardent spirit distilled by the Chinese from rice: any kind of spirits. [Chin.san,sam, three,shao, to fire.]
Samson-post, sam′son-pōst,n.a strong upright stanchion or post for various uses on board ship.
Samurai, sam′ōō-rī,n. sing.(alsopl.) a member of the military class in the old feudal system of Japan, including both daimios, or territorial nobles, and their military retainers: a military retainer, a two-sworded man. [Jap.]
Samyda, sam′i-da,n.a genus of shrubs, native to the West Indies. [Gr.sēmyda, the birch.]
Sanable, san′a-bl,adj.able to be made sane or sound: curable.—ns.Sanabil′ity,San′ableness, capability of being cured;Sanā′tion(obs.), a healing or curing.—adj.San′ative, tending, or able, to heal: healing.—ns.San′ativeness;Sanatō′rium(seeSanitary).—adj.San′atory, healing: conducive to health. [L.sanabilis—sanāre,-ātum, to heal.]
Sanbenito, san-be-nē′tō,n.a garment grotesquely decorated with flames, devils, &c., worn by the victims of the Inquisition—at anauto-de-fe—for public recantation or execution. [Sp., from its resemblance in shape to the garment of the order ofSt Benedict—Sp.San Benito.]
Sancho, sang′kō,n.a musical instrument like the guitar, used by negroes.
Sancho-pedro, sang′kō-pē′drō,n.a game of cards—the nine of trumps calledSancho, the fivePedro.
Sanctify, sangk′ti-fī,v.t.to make sacred or holy: to set apart to sacred use: to free from sin or evil: to consecrate: to invest with a sacred character: to make efficient as the means of holiness: to secure from violation:—pa.t.andpa.p.sanc′tifīed.—n.Sanctanim′ity, holiness of mind.—v.t.Sanctif′icāte.—n.Sanctificā′tion, act of sanctifying: state of being sanctified: that work or process of God's free grace whereby the new principle of spiritual life implanted in regeneration is developed until the whole man is renewed in the image of God: consecration.—adj.Sanc′tified, made holy: sanctimonious.—adv.Sanctifī′edly, sanctimoniously.—n.Sanc′tifier, one who sanctifies: the Holy Spirit.—adv.Sanc′tifyingly.—adj.Sanctimō′nious, having sanctity: holy, devout: affecting holiness.—adv.Sanctimō′niously.—ns.Sanctimō′niousness,Sanc′timony, affected devoutness, show of sanctity;Sanc′titude, holiness, goodness, saintliness: affected holiness;Sanc′tity, quality of being sacred or holy: purity: godliness: inviolability: a saint, any holy object.—v.t.Sanc′tuarise(Shak.), to shelter by sacred privileges, as in a sanctuary.—ns.Sanc′tūary, a sacred place: a place for the worship of God: the most sacred part of the Temple of Jerusalem: the Temple itself: the part of a church round the altar: an inviolable asylum, refuge, a consecrated place which gives protection to a criminal taking refuge there: the privilege of taking refuge in such a consecrated place;Sanc′tum, a sacred place: a private room;Sanc′tus, the ascription, 'Holy, holy, holy, Lord God of Hosts,' from Isa. vi.: a musical setting of the same.—Sanctum sanctorum, the Holy of Holies: any specially reserved retreat or room.—Odour of sanctity, the aroma of goodness. [Fr.,—L.sanctificāre,-ātum—sanctus, sacred,facĕre, to make.]
Sanction, sangk′shun,n.act of ratifying, or giving authority to: confirmation: support: a decree, a law.—v.t.to give validity to: to authorise: to countenance.—adjs.Sanc′tionable;Sanc′tionary. [Fr.,—L.sanctīre.]
Sand, sand,n.fine particles of crushed or worn rocks, used in founding: force of character: (pl.) lands covered with sand: a sandy beach: moments of time, from the use of sand in the hour-glass.—v.t.to sprinkle with sand.—ns.Sand′-bag(fort.), a canvas bag filled with sand or earth, forming a ready means of giving cover against an enemy's fire, or of tamping the charge in a mine: an engraver's leather cushion, &c.;Sand′-bag′ger, a robber who uses a sand-bag to stun his victims;Sand′-ball, a ball of soap mixed with fine sand for the toilet;Sand′-band, a guard-ring to keep sand from working into the axle-box;Sand′-bank, a bank of sand formed by tides and currents;Sand′-bath, a vessel of hot sand for heating vessels without direct exposure to the fire: a bath in which the body is covered with warm sea-sand: saburration;Sand′-bear, the Indian badger;Sand′-bed, the bed into which the iron from the blast-furnace is run;Sand′-bird, a sandpiper: a shore bird;Sand′-blast, sand driven by a blast of air or steam for cutting and engraving figures on glass or metal.—adj.Sand′-blind, afflicted with partial blindness, in which particles of sand seem to float before the eyes.—ns.Sand′-blind′ness;Sand′-blow′er, a sand bellows;Sand′-box, a box with a perforated top for sprinkling sand on writing, a contrivance formerly used by way of blotting-paper: a box with sand to prevent the wheels of a rail from slipping;Sand′-brake, a device for stopping trains automatically;Sand′-bug, a burrowing crustacean: a digger-wasp;Sand′-bur, a weed found in the plains of the western United States;Sand′-canal′, the stone canal of an echinoderm;Sand′-cherr′y, the dwarf cherry;Sand′-cock, the redshank;Sand′-crab, the lady-crab;Sand′-crack, a crack in a horse's hoof: a crack in a moulded brick before burning;Sand′-crick′et, a name applied to certain large crickets in the western United States;Sand′-dab, a kind of plaice;Sand′-dart, a British noctuid moth;Sand′-dart′er,-div′er, a small etheostomine fish of the Ohio valley;Sand′-doll′ar, a flat sea-urchin;Sand′-drift, a mound of drifted sand;Sand′-dune, a ridge of loose sand drifted by the wind.—adj.Sand′ed(Shak.), marked with yellow spots: sprinkled with sand: short-sighted.—ns.Sand′-eel, a small eel-like fish, which buries itself in the sand when the tide retires;Sand′erling, a genus of birds of the snipe family, characterised by the absence of a hind-toe, common on the coast, eating marine worms, small crustaceans, and bivalve molluscs;Sand′-fence, a barrier in a stream of stakes and iron wire;Sand′-fish, a fish of the genus Trichodon;Sand′-flag, sandstone which splits up into flagstones;Sand′-flea, the chigoe or jigger;Sand′-flood, a moving mass of desert sand;Sand′-floun′der, a common North American flounder;Sand′-fly, a small New England biting midge;Sand′-glass, a glass instrument for measuring time by the running out of sand;Sand′-grass, grass that grows by the sea-shore;Sand′-grouse, a small order of birds, quite distinct from the true grouse, having two genera,PteroclesandSyrrhaptes, with beautiful plumage, heavy body, long and pointed wings, very short legs and toes;Sand′-heat, the heat of warm sand in chemical operations;Sand′-hill, a hill of sand;Sand′-hillcrane, the brown crane of North America;Sand′-hill′er, one of the poor whites living in the sandy hills of Georgia;Sand′-hop′per, a small crustacean in the orderAmphipoda, often seen on the sandy sea-shore, like swarms of dancing flies, leaping up by bending the body together, and throwing it out with a sudden jerk: a sand-flea;Sand′-horn′et, a sand-wasp;Sand′iness, sandy quality, esp. as regards colour;Sand′ing, the process of testing the surface of gilding, after it has been fired, with fine sand and water: the process of burying oysters in sand.—adj.Sand′ish(obs.).—ns.Sand′-jet(seeSand′-blast);Sand′-lark, a wading-bird that runs along the sand: a sandpiper;Sand′-liz′ard, a common lizard;Sand′-lob, the common British lug or lob worm;Sand′-mar′tin, the smallest of British swallows, which builds its nest in sandy river-banks and gravel-pits;Sand′-mā′son, a common British tube-worm;Sand′-mole, a South African rodent;Sand′-mouse, the dunlin: a sandpiper;Sand′-natt′er, a sand-snake;Sand′-pā′per, paper covered with a kind of sand for smoothing and polishing;Sand′-peep, the American stint: the peetweet;Sand′-perch, the grass-bass;Sand′piper, a wading-bird of the snipe family, which frequents sandy river-banks, distinguished by its clear piping note.—n.pl.Sand′-pipes, perpendicular cylindrical hollows, tapering to a point, occurring in chalk deposits, and so called from being usually filled with sand, gravel, or clay.—ns.Sand′-pit, a place from which sand is extracted;Sand′-plov′er, a ring-necked plover;Sand′-pride, a very small species of lamprey found in the rivers of Britain;Sand′-pump, a long cylinder with valved piston for use in drilling rocks—aSand′-sludg′er: a sand-ejector, modified from the jet-pump, used in caissons for sinking the foundations of bridges;Sand′-rat, a geomyoid rodent, esp. the camass rat;Sand′-reed, a shore grass;Sand′-reel, a windlass used in working a sand-pump;Sand′-ridge, a sand-bank;Sand′-roll, a metal roll cast in sand;Sand′-run′ner, a sandpiper;Sand′-sau′cer, a round mass of agglutinated egg-capsules of a naticoid gasteropod, found on beaches;Sand′-scoop, a dredge for scooping up sand;Sand′-screen, a sand-sifter;Sand′-screw, an amphipod which burrows in the sand;Sand′-shark, a small voracious shark;Sand′-shot, small cast-iron balls cast in sand;Sand′-shrimp, a shrimp;Sand′-skink, a European skink found in sandy places;Sand′-skip′per, a beach flea;Sand′-snake, a short-tailed boa-like serpent;Sand′-snipe, the sandpiper;Sand′-spout, a moving pillar of sand;Sand′star, a starfish: a brittle star;Sand′-stone, a rock formed of compacted and more or less indurated sand (Old Red Sandstone, a name given to a series of strata—along with the parallel but nowhere coexistingDevonian—intermediate in age between the Silurian and Carboniferous systems);Sand′-storm, a storm of wind carrying along clouds of sand;Sand′-suck′er, the rough dab;Sand′-throw′er, a tool for throwing sand on newly sized or painted surfaces;Sand′-trap, a device for separating sand from running water;Sand′-vī′per, a hog-nosed snake;Sand′-washer, an apparatus for separating sand from earthy substances;Sand′-wasp, a digger-wasp.—v.t.Sand′-weld, to weld iron with sand.—ns.Sand′-worm, a worm that lives in the sand;Sand′-wort, any plant of the genusArenaria.—adj.Sand′y, consisting of, or covered with, sand: loose: of the colour of sand.—n.a nick-name for a Scotsman (fromAlexander).—ns.Sand′y-car′pet, a geometrid moth;Sand′y-lav′erock(Scot.), a sand-lark. [A.S.sand; Dut.zand, Ger.sand, Ice.sand-r.]
Sandal, san′dal,n.a kind of shoe consisting of a sole bound to the foot by straps: a loose slipper: a half-boot of white kid: a strap for fastening a slipper: an india-rubber shoe.—adj.San′dalled, wearing sandals: fastened with such. [Fr.,—L.sandalium—Gr.sandalon, prob. from Pers.]
Sandal, san′dal,n.a long narrow boat used on the Barbary coast. [Ar.]
Sandalwood, san′dal-wōōd,n.a compact and fine-grained tropical wood, remarkable for its fragrance. [Fr.sandal—Low L.santalum—Late Gr.santalon.]
Sandarac, san′da-rak,n.a friable, dry, almost transparent, tasteless, yellowish-white resin, imported from Mogador, Morocco: red sulphuret of arsenic—alsoSan′darach.—n.San′darac-tree, a native of the mountains of Morocco. [Fr.sandaraque—L.sandaraca—Gr.sandarakē—Sans.sindūra, realgar.]
Sandemanian, san-de-mā′ni-an,n.a follower of RobertSandeman(1718-71), a Glassite (q.v.).
Sandiver, san′di-vėr,n.the saline scum which forms on glass during its first fusion: glass-gall: product of glass-furnaces.—AlsoSan′dever. [O. Fr.suin de verre,suint de verre—suin, grease,de, of,verre, glass—L.vitrum.]
Sandix, san′diks,n.red lead.—AlsoSan′dyx. [L.,—Gr.sandix, vermilion.]
Sandwich, sand′wich,n.two slices of bread with ham, &c., between, said to be named from the fourth Earl ofSandwich(1718-92), who had such brought to him at the gaming-table that he might play on without stopping.—v.t.to lay or place between two layers, to fit tight between two objects.—n.Sand′wich-man, a man who perambulates the streets between two advertising boards.
Sane, sān,adj.sound in mind or body: healthy: not disordered in intellect.—adv.Sane′ly.—n.Sane′-ness. [L.sanus; akin to Gr.saos,sōs, sound.]
Sang, sang,pa.t.ofsing.—n.a Scotch form ofsong.
Sang, sang,n.blood, in heraldic use.—adj.Sang′lant, bloody or dropping blood.—n.Sang-de-bœuf, a deep-red colour peculiar to Chinese porcelain.
Sang, sang,n.a Chinese wind-instrument.
Sangar, sang′gar,n.a stone breastwork: a low wall of loose stones, used as cover for soldiers. [Hindi sangar, war, entrenchment; from the Sanskrit.]
Sangaree, sang-ga-rē′,n.a West Indian beverage, of wine, sugar or syrup, water, and nutmeg, drunk cold.—v.t.andv.i.to make or drink such. [Sp.Sangría.]
Sang-froid, sang-frwo′,n.coolness, indifference, calmness. [Fr.,sang, blood,froid, cold.]
Sanglier, sang′li-ėr,n.(her.) a wild boar used as a bearing. [Fr., orig.porc sanglier—Low L.singularis(porcus), the wild boar.]
Sangraal, san-grāl′,n.in medieval legends, the holy cup supposed to have been used at the Last Supper.—AlsoSang′real. [Cf.Grail.]
Sangrado, san-grä′do,n.one who lets blood—from the leech inGil Blas.
Sanguine, sang′gwin,adj.abounding with blood, bloody: bloodthirsty: ruddy, red: ardent, hopeful, confident: characterised by a fullness of habit.—n.the colour of red.—v.t.(obs.) to stain with blood.—n.Sang′sue, a leech—alsoSang′uisuge.—adjs.Sanguic′olous, living in the blood, as a parasite;Sanguif′erous, receiving and conveying blood, circulatory.—ns.Sanguificā′tion;San′guifier.—adj.Sanguif′luous, flowing with blood.—v.i.San′guify, to make blood.—v.t.to convert into blood.—n.Sanguinā′ria, a genus of the poppy family, one species, the Blood-root or Puccoon of North America, much used by the Indians for staining.—adv.San′guinarily.—n.San′guinariness.—adj.San′guinary, bloody: attended with much blood-shed: bloodthirsty.—n.the yarrow: the blood-root.—adj.San′guineless, destitute of blood.—adv.San′guinely, hopefully, confidently.—n.San′guineness, sanguine character, ardour: ruddiness: plethora.—adj.Sanguin′eous, sanguine: resembling or constituting blood.—ns.Sanguin′ity, sanguineness;Sanguin′olence,Sanguin′olency.—adj.Sanguin′olent, tinged with blood: sanguine.—ns.Sanguisorbā′ceæ,Sanguisor′beæ, a sub-order ofRosaceæ, containing about 150 species;Sanguisū′ga, a genus of leeches.—adjs.Sanguisū′gent,Sanguisū′gous, blood-sucking;Sanguiv′olent, bloodthirsty;Sanguiv′orous, feeding on blood, as a vampire—alsoSanguiniv′orous. [Fr.,—L.sanguineus—sanguis,sanguinis, blood.]
Sanhedrim,Sanhedrin, san′hē-drim, -drin,n.the supreme ecclesiastical and judicial tribunal of the Jews down to 425A.D.: any similar assembly, a parliament. [Heb.sanhedrin—Gr.synedrion—syn, together,hedra, a seat.]
Sanhitâ, san′hi-ta,n.the name of that portion of the Vedas which contains the Mantras or hymns.
Sanicle, san′ik′l,n.a plant of the genusSanicula, the common wood-sanicle long supposed to have healing power. [Fr.,—L.sanāre, to heal.]
Sanidine, san′i-din,n.a clear glassy variety of orthoclase. [Gr.sanis,sanidos, a board.]
Sanies, sā′ni-ēz,n.a thin discharge from wounds or sores.—adj.Sā′nious. [L.]
Sanify, san′i-fī,v.t.to make healthy. [L.sanus, sound,facĕreto make.]
Sanitary, san′i-tar-i,adj.pertaining to, tending, or designed to promote health.—n.Sanitā′rian, a promoter of sanitary reforms.—adv.San′itarily.—ns.San′itary-ware, coarse-glazed earthenware for sewer-pipes;Sanitā′tion, the science of sanitary conditions and of preserving health, synonymous with Hygiene—usually restricted, however, to the methods and apparatus for making and maintaining houses healthy;Sanitō′rium(incorrectly,Sanitā′rium), a health station, particularly for troops.—Sanitary science, such science as conduces to the preservation of health.
Sanity, san′i-ti,n.state of being sane: soundness of mind or body. [L.sanitas—sanus, sane.]
Sanjak, san′jak,n.an administrative subdivision of a Turkish vilayet or eyalet.—AlsoSan′jakāte. [Turk.]
Sank, sangk,pa.t.of sink.
Sankhya, san′kyä,n.one of the six great systems of orthodox Hindu philosophy.
Sannup, san′up,n.the husband of a squaw: a brave.—AlsoSann′op. [Amer. Ind.]
Sans, sanz,prep.(Shak.) without, wanting.—n.Sans′-appel′, a person from whose decision there is no appeal.—Sans nombre(her.), repeated often, and covering the field;Sans souci, without care: free and easy. [O. Fr.sans,senz—L.sine, without.]
Sansa, san′sa,n.a musical instrument of percussion, a tambourine.
Sansculotte, sanz-kōō-lot′,n.a name given in scorn, at the beginning of the French Revolution, by the court party to the democratic party in Paris.—n.Sansculot′terie.—adj.Sansculot′tic.—ns.Sansculot′tism;Sansculot′tist. [Fr.sansculotte,sans, without—L.sine, without,culotte, breeches,cul, breech—L.culus, the breech.]
Sansevieria, san-sev-i-ē′ri-a,n.a genus of monocotyledonous plants of the orderHæmodoraceæ, native to southern Africa and the East Indies, yieldingbowstring-hemp. [Named after the Neapolitan Prince ofSanseviero(1710-71).]
Sanskrit, sans′krit,n.the ancient literary language of India, the easternmost branch of the great Indo-Germanic (Indo-European, Aryan) stock of languages.—n.Sans′kritist, one skilled in Sanskrit. [Sans.samskrita, perfected, polished, from Sans.sam, together,krita, done, perfected, fromkri, cog. with L.creāre, to create.]
Santa Claus, san′ta klawz,n.a famous nursery hero, a fat rosy old fellow who brings presents to good children on Christmas Eve.
Santalaceæ, san-ta-lā′sē-ē,n.an order of apetalous plants, the sandalwood family.—adjs.Santalā′ceous;Santal′ic, pertaining to sandalwood.—ns.San′talin, the colouring matter of red sandalwood;San′talum, the type genus of the sandalwood family.
Santir, san′tėr,n.a variety of dulcimer used in the East.—AlsoSan′tur.
Santolina, san-tō-lī′na,n.a genus of composite plants, of the Mediterranean region, of tribeAnthemideæ, including the common lavender-cotton.
Santon, san′ton,n.an Eastern dervish or saint. [Sp.santon—santo, holy—L.sanctus, holy.]
Santonine, son′to-nin,n.a colourless crystalline poisonous compound contained inSantonica. [Gr.santonicon, a wormwood found in the country of theSantonesin Gaul.]
Sap, sap,n.the vital juice of plants: (bot.) the part of the wood next to the bark: the blood: a simpleton: a plodding student.—v.i.to play the part of a ninny: to be studious.—ns.Sap′-bee′tlea beetle which feeds on sap;Sap′-col′our, a vegetable juice inspissated by slow evaporation, for the use of painters.—adj.Sap′ful, full of sap.—ns.Sap′-green, a green colouring matter from the juice of buckthorn berries;Sap′head, a silly fellow.—adj.Sap′less, wanting sap: not juicy.—ns.Sap′ling, a young tree, so called from being full of sap: a young greyhound during the year of his birth until the end of the coursing season which commences in that year;Sap′ling-cup, an open tankard for drinking new ale;Sap′piness.—adj.Sap′py, abounding with sap: juicy: silly.—ns.Sap′-tube, a vessel that conveys sap;Sap′-wood, the outer part of the trunk of a tree, next the bark, in which the sap flows most freely: albumen.—Crude sap, the ascending sap. [A.S.sæp; Low Ger.sapp, juice, Ger.saft.]
Sap, sap,v.t.to destroy by digging underneath: to undermine: to impair the constitution.—v.i.to proceed by undermining:—pr.p.sap′ping;pa.t.andpa.p.sapped.—n.a narrow ditch or trench by which approach is made from the foremost parallel towards the glacis or covert-way of a besieged place.—n.Sap′per, one who saps. [O. Fr.sappe—Low L.sapa, a pick, prob. from Gr.skapanē, a hoe.]
Sapajou, sap′a-zhōō,n.a name sometimes applied to all that division of American monkeys which have a prehensile tail, and sometimes limited to those of them which are of a slender form, as the generaAtelesor spider-monkey,Cebus, &c.—AlsoSajou′.
Saperda, sā-pėr′da,n.a genus of long-horned beetles, mostly wood-borers. [Gr.saperdēs, a fish.]
Saphenous, sa-fē′nus,adj.prominent, as a vein of the leg.—n.Saphē′na, a prominent vein or nerve. [Gr.saphēnēs, plain.]
Sapid, sap′id,adj.well-tasted: savoury: that affects the taste.—n.Sapid′ity, savouriness.—adj.Sap′idless, insipid.—n.Sap′idness. [Fr.,—L. sapidus—sapĕre, to taste.]
Sapience, sā′pi-ens,n.discernment: wisdom: knowledge: reason.—adjs.Sā′pient, wise: discerning: sagacious, sometimes used ironically;Sāpien′tial.—adv.Sā′piently. [L.sapiens,sapientis, pr.p. ofsapĕre, to be wise.]
Sapindus, sā-pin′dus,n.a genus of polypetalous trees, asSoapberry. [L.sapo Indicus, Indian soap.]
Sapium, sā′pi-um,n.a genus of apetalous plants belonging to theEuphorbiaceæ, including the Jamaica milkwood or gum-tree, &c.
Sapi-utan, sap′i-ōō′tan,n.the wild ox of Celebes.—AlsoSap′i-ou′tan. [Malay,sapi, cow,ūtān, woods.]
Sapo, sā′pō,n.the toad-fish. [Sp., a toad.]
Sapodilla, sap-ō-dil′a,n.a name given in the West Indies to the fruit of several species of Achras, the seeds aperient and diuretic, the pulp subacid and sweet. [Sp.sapotilla—sapota, the sapota-tree.]
Saponaceous, sap-o-nā′shus,adj.soapy: soap-like.—n.Sapōnā′ria, a genus of polypetalous plants, including the soapwort.—adj.Sapon′ifīable.—n.Saponificā′tion, the act or operation of converting into soap.—v.t.Sapon′ify, to convert into soap:—pr.p.sapon′ifying;pa.p.sapon′ified.—n.Sap′onin, a vegetable principle, the solution of which froths when shaken, obtained from soapwort, &c. [L.sapo,saponis, soap.]
Saporific, sap-o-rif′ik,adj.giving a taste.—ns.Sā′por;Saporos′ity.—adj.Sap′ōrous. [L.sapor,saporis, taste,facĕre, to make.]
Sapotaceæ, sap-o-tā′sē-ē,n.a natural order of trees and shrubs, often abounding in milky juice, including the gutta-percha tree—one species yields the star-apple, another the Mammee-Sapota or American marmalade. [Sapodilla.]