CONTENTS.SECOND DIVISION.(Continued.)SECOND SECTION.HISTORY OF THE GERMANO-ROMANIC CHURCH, FROM THE 10THTO THE 13THCENTURY.A.D.911-1294.I. The Spread of Christianity.§93.Missionary Enterprises.(1)The Scandinavian Mission Field.(2)Denmark.(3)Sweden.(4)The Norwegians.(5)In the North-Western Group of Islands.(6)The Slavo-Magyar Mission-field.(7)The Poles.(8)Hungary.(9)The Wendish Races.(10)Pomerania.(11)Mission Work among the Finns and Lithuanians.(12)Esthonia, Livonia, and Courland.(13)The Prussians.(14)Lithuania.(15)The Mongolian Mission Field.(16)The Mission Field of Islam.§94.The Crusades.(1)The First Crusade,A.D.1096.(2)The Second Crusade,A.D.1147.(3)The Third Crusade,A.D.1189.(4)The Fourth Crusade,A.D.1217.(5)The Fifth Crusade,A.D.1228.(6)The Sixth,A.D.1248, and Seventh,A.D.1270, Crusades.§95.Islam and the Jews in Europe.(1)Islam in Sicily.(2)Islam in Spain.(3)The Jews in Europe.II.—The Hierarchy, the Clergy, and the Monks.§96.The Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire in the German Nationalities.(1)The Romish Pornocracy and the Emperor Otto I., †A.D.973.(2)The Times of Otto II., III.,A.D.973-1002.(3)Otto III.; Pope Sylvester II.(4)From Henry II. to the Synod at Sutri,A.D.1002-1046.(5)Henry III. and his German Popes,A.D.1046-1057.(6)The Papacy under the Control of Hildebrand,A.D.1057-1078.(7)Gregory VII.,A.D.1073-1085.(8)Gregory’s Contention with Henry IV.(9)The Central Idea in Gregory’s Policy.(10)Victor III. and Urban II.,A.D.1086-1099.(11)Paschalis II., Gelasius II., and Calixtus II.,A.D.1099-1124.(12)English Investiture Controversy.(13)The Times of Lothair III. and Conrad III.,A.D.1125-1152.(14)The Times of Frederick I. and Henry VI.,A.D.1152-1190.(15)Alexander III.,A.D.1159-1181.(16)The Times of King Henry II. and Cœlestine III.,A.D.1154-1198.(17)Innocent III.,A.D.1198-1216.(18)—— Fourth Lateran Council ofA.D.1215.(19)The Times of Frederick II. and his Successors,A.D.1215-1268.(20)Innocent IV. and his Successors,A.D.1243-1268.(21)The Times of the House of Anjou down to Boniface VIII.,A.D.1288-1294.(22)Nicholas III. to Cœlestine V.,A.D.1277-1294.(23)Temporal Power of the Popes.§97.The Clergy.(1)The Roman College of Cardinals.(2)The Political Importance of the Superior Clergy.(3)The Bishops and the Cathedral Chapter.(4)Endeavours to Reform the Clergy.(5)The Pataria of Milan.§98.Monastic Orders and Institutions.(1)Offshoots of the Benedictines.1.The Brethren of Clugny.2.The Congregation of the Camaldolites.3.The Order of Vallombrosa.4.The Cistercians.5.The Congregation of Scottish Monasteries.(2)New Monkish Orders.1.The Order of Grammont.2.The Order of St. Anthony.3.The Order of Fontevraux.4.The Order of the Gilbertines.5.The Carthusian Order.6.The Premonstratensian Order.7.The Trinitarian Order.8.The Cœlestine Order.(3)The Beginnings of the Franciscan Order down toA.D.1219.(4)The Franciscans fromA.D.1219 toA.D.1223.(5)The Franciscans fromA.D.1223.(6)Party Divisions within the Franciscan Order.(7)The Dominican or Preaching Order.(8)The Dominican Constitutional Rules.(9)The Female Orders.1.Dominican Nuns.2.Nuns of St. Clara.(10)The other Mendicant Orders.(11)Penitential Brotherhoods and Tertiaries of the Mendicant Orders.(12)Working Guilds of a Monkish Order.(13)The Spiritual Order of Knights.1.The Templars.2.The Knights of St. John.3.The Order of Teutonic Knights.4.The Knights of the Cross.(14)Bridge-Brothers and Mercedarians.III. Theological Science and its Controversies.§99.Scholasticism in General.(1)Dialectic and Mysticism.(2)The Philosophical Basis of Dialectic Scholasticism.(3)The Nurseries of Scholasticism.(4)The Epochs of Scholasticism.(5)The Canon Law.(6)Historical Literature.§100.TheSæculum Obscurum: the 10th Century.(1)Classical Studies—Germany; England.(2)—— Italy; France.§101.The Eleventh Century.(1)The Most Celebrated Schoolmen of this Century.1.Fulbert.2.Berengar of Tours.3.Lanfranc.4.Hildebert of Tours.5.Anselm of Canterbury.6.Anselm of Laon.7.William of Champeaux.8.Guibert of Nogent.(2)Berengar’s Eucharist Controversy,A.D.1050-1079.(3)Anselm’s Controversies.§102.The Twelfth Century.(1)The Contest on French Soil.I.The Dialectic Side of the Gulf—Peter Abælard.(2)—— Abælard’s Teachings.(3)II.The Mystic Side of the Gulf—St. Bernard of Clairvaux.(4)III.Bridging the Gulf from the Side of Mysticism.(5)IV.Bridging the Gulf from the Side of Dialectics.(6)The Controversy on German Soil.(7)Theologians of a Pre-eminently Biblical and Ecclesiastico-Practical Tendency.1.Alger of Liège.2.Rupert of Deutz.3.Hervæus.(8)4.John of Salisbury.5.Walter of St. Victor.6.Innocent III.(9)Humanist Philosophers.§103.The Thirteenth Century.(1)The Writings of Aristotle and his Arabic Interpreters.(2)Theory of a twofold Truth.(3)The Appearance of the Mendicant Orders.(4)Distinguished Franciscan Schoolmen.(5)Distinguished Dominican Schoolmen—Albert the Great.(6)—— Thomas Aquinas.(7)Reformers of the Scholastic Method—Raimund Lull.(8)—— Roger Bacon.(9)Theologians of a Biblical and Practical Tendency.1.Cæsarius of Heisterbach.2.William Peraldus.3.Hugo of St. Caro.4.Robert of Sorbon.5.Raimund Martini.(10)Precursors of the German Speculative Mystics.IV. The Church and the People.§104.Public Worship and Art.(1)The Liturgy and the Sermon.(2)Definition and Number of the Sacraments.(3)The Sacrament of the Altar.(4)Penance.(5)Extreme Unction.(6)The Sacrament of Marriage.(7)New Festivals.(8)The Veneration of Saints.(9)St. Ursula and her 11,000 Virgins.(10)Hymnology.(11)Church Music.(12)Ecclesiastical Architecture.(13)Free Mason Lodges.(14)Statuary and Painting.§105.National Customs and the National Literature.(1)Knighthood and the Peace of God.(2)Popular Customs.(3)Two Royal Saints.(4)Evidences of Sainthood.1.Stigmatization.2.Bilocation.(5)Religious Culture of the People.(6)The National Literature.§106.Church Discipline, Indulgences, and Asceticism.(1)Ban and Interdict.(2)Indulgences.(3)The Church Doctrine of the Hereafter.(4)Flagellation.§107.Female Mystics.(1)Two Rhenish Prophetesses of the 12th Century.(2)Three Thuringian Prophetesses of the 13th Century.V. Heretical Opposition to Ecclesiastical Authority.§108.The Protesters against the Church.(1)The Cathari.(2)—— Their Theological Systems.(3)The Pasagians.(4)Pantheistic Heretics.1.Amalrich of Bena.2.David of Dinant.3.The Ortlibarians.(5)Apocalyptic Heretics.(6)Ghibelline Joachites.(7)Revolutionary Reformers.1.The Petrobrusians.2.Arnold of Brescia.(8)3.The Pastorelles.4.The Apostolic Brothers.(9)Reforming Enthusiasts.1.Tanchelm.2.Eon de Stella.(10)The Waldensians.1.Their Origin.(11)2.Their Divisions.(12)3.Attempts at Catholicizing.(13)4.The French Societies.(14)—— An Alternate Origin.(15)5.The Lombard-German Branch.(16)6.Relations between the Waldensians and Older and Contemporary Sects.§109.The Church against the Protesters.(1)The Albigensian Crusade,A.D.1209-1229.(2)The Inquisition.(3)Conrad of Marburg and the Stedingers.THIRD SECTION.HISTORY OF THE GERMANO-ROMANIC CHURCH IN THE 14th AND 15th CENTURIES (A.D.1294-1517).I. The Hierarchy, Clergy, and Monks.§110.The Papacy.(1)Boniface VIII. and Benedict XI.,A.D.1294-1304.(2)The Papacy during the Babylonian Exile,A.D.1305-1377.(3)John XXII.,A.D.1316-1334.(4)Benedict XII.,A.D.1334-1342.(5)Innocent VI. to Gregory XI.,A.D.1352-1378.(6)The Papal Schism and the Council of Pisa,A.D.1378-1410.(7)The Council of Constance and Martin V.,A.D.1410-1431.(8)Eugenius IV. and the Council of Basel,A.D.1431-1449.(9)Pragmatic Sanction,A.D.1438.(10)Nicholas V. to Pius II.,A.D.1447-1464.(11)Paul II., Sixtus IV. and Innocent VII.,A.D.1464-1492.(12)Alexander VI.,A.D.1492-1503.(13)Julius II.,A.D.1503-1513.(14)Leo X.,A.D.1513-1521.(15)Papal Claims to Sovereignty.(16)The Papal Curia.§111.The Clergy.(1)The Moral Condition of the Clergy.(2)Commendator Abbots.§112.Monastic Orders and Societies.(1)The Benedictine Orders.(2)The Franciscans.(3)The Observants and Conventuals.(4)The Dominicans.(5)The Augustinians.(6)John von Staupitz.(7)Overthrow of the Templars.(8)New Orders.1.Hieronymites.2.Jesuates.3.Minimi.4.Nuns of St. Bridget.5.Annunciate Order.(9)The Brothers of the Common Life.II. Theological Science.§113.Scholasticism and its Reformers.(1)John Duns Scotus.(2)Thomists and Scotists.(3)Nominalists and Realists.(4)Casuistry.(5)The Founder of Natural Theology—Raimund of Sabunde.(6)Nicholas of Cusa.(7)Biblical and Practical Theologians.--1.Nicholas of Lyra.2.Antonine of Florence.3.John Trithemius.§114.The German Mystics.(1)Meister Eckhart.(2)Mystics of Upper Germany after Eckhart.(3)The Friend of God in the Uplands.(4)Nicholas of Basel.(5)Henry Suso.(6)Henry of Nördlingen.(7)Mystics of the Netherlands.1.John of Ruysbroek.2.Hendrik Mande.3.Gerlach Peters.4.Thomas à Kempis.III. The Church and the People.§115A.Public Worship and the Religious Education of the People.(1)Fasts and Festivals.(2)Preaching.(3)TheBiblia Pauperum.(4)The Bible in the Vernacular.(5)Catechisms and Prayer Books.(6)The Dance of Death.(7)Hymnology.(8)Church Music.(9)Legendary Relics.§115B.National Literature and Ecclesiastical Art.(10)The Italian National Literature.(11)The German National Literature.(12)The Sacred Drama.(13)Architecture and Painting.§116.Popular Movements.(1)Two National Saints.(2)The Maid of Orleans,A.D.1428-1431.(3)Lollards, Flagellants, and Dancers.(4)The Friends of God.(5)Pantheistic Libertine Societies.§117.Church Discipline.(1)Indulgences.(2)The Inquisition.(3)The Bull “In Cœna Domini.”(4)Prosecution of Witches.IV. Attempts at Reformation.§118.Attempted Reforms in Church Polity.(1)The Literary War between Imperialists and Curialists in the 14th Century.(2)—— Continued.(3)Reforming Councils of the 15th Century.(4)Friends of Reform in France during the 15th Century.1.Peter d’Ailly.2.Jean Charlier (Gerson).3.Nicholas of Clemanges.4.Louis d’Aleman.(5)Friends of Reform in Germany.1.Henry of Langenstein.2.Theodorich or Dietrich of Niem.3.Gregory of Heimburg.4.Jacob of Jüterboyk [Jüterbock].5.Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa.6.Felix Hemmerlin.7.The Reformation of the Emperor Sigismund.(6)An Italian Apostate from the Basel Liberal Party—Æneas Sylvius Piccolomini.(7)Reforms in Church Policy in Spain.§119.Evangelical Efforts at Reform.(1)Wiclif and the Wiclifites.(2)Precursors of the Hussite Movement.1.Conrad of Waldhausen.2.John Milicz of Cremsier.3.Matthias of Janow.(3)John Huss of Hussinecz.(4)—— Rector of the University of Prague.(5)—— Council of Constance; Trial; Execution.(6)—— His Teachings.(7)Calixtines and Taborites.(8)The Bohemian and Moravian Brethren.(9)The Waldensians.1.Lombard-German Waldensians.(9A)2.French Waldensians.(10)The Dutch Reformers.1.John Pupper of Goch.2.John Ruchrath of Wesel.3.John Wessel.4.Nicholas Russ.(11)An Italian Reformer—Jerome Savonarola.§120.The Revival of Learning.(1)Italian Humanists.(2)German Humanism—University of Erfurt.(3)—— Other Schools.(4)John Reuchlin.(5)Epistolæ obscurorum virorum.(6)Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam.(7)Humanism in England.(8)Humanism in France and Spain.(9)Humanism and the Reformation of the Sixteenth Century.THIRD DIVISION.History of the Development of the Church under Modern European Forms of Civilization.§121.Character and Distribution of Modern Church History.FIRST SECTION.CHURCH HISTORY OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.I. The Reformation.§122.The Beginnings of the Wittenberg Reformation.(1)Luther’s Years of Preparation.(2)Luther’s Theses ofA.D.1517.(3)Prierias, Cajetan, and Miltitz,A.D.1518, 1519.(4)The Leipzig Disputation,A.D.1519.(5)Philip Melanchthon.(6)George Spalatin.§123.Luther’s Period of Conflict,A.D.1520, 1521.(1)Luther’s Three Chief Reformation Writings,A.D.1520.(2)The Papal Bull of Excommunication,A.D.1520.(3)Erasmus,A.D.1520.(4)Luther’s Controversy with Emser,A.D.1519-1521.(5)The Emperor Charles V.(6)The Diet at Worms,A.D.1521.(7)Luther at Wittenberg after the Diet.(8)The Wartburg Exile,A.D.1521, 1522.(9)The Attitude of Frederick the Wise to the Reformation.§124.Deterioration and Purification of the Wittenberg Reformation,A.D.1522-1525.(1)The Wittenberg Fanaticism,A.D.1521, 1522.(2)Franz von Sickingen,A.D.1522, 1523.(3)Andrew Bodenstein of Carlstadt,A.D.1524, 1525.(4)Thomas Münzer,A.D.1523, 1524.(5)The Peasant War,A.D.1524, 1525.§125.Friends and Foes of Luther’s Doctrine,A.D.1522-1526.(1)Spread of Evangelical Views.(2)“The Sum of Holy Scripture” and its Author.(3)Henry VIII. and Erasmus.(4)Thomas Murner.(5)“Onus ecclesiæ.”§126.Development of the Reformation in the Empire,A.D.1522-1526.(1)The Diet at Nuremberg,A.D.1522, 1523.(2)The Diet at Nuremberg,A.D.1524.(3)The Convention at Regensburg,A.D.1524.(4)The Evangelical Nobles,A.D.1524.(5)The Torgau League,A.D.1526.(6)The Diet of Spires,A.D.1526.§127.Organization of the Evangelical Provincial Churches,A.D.1526-1529.(1)The Organization of the Church of the Saxon Electorate,A.D.1527-1529.(2)The Organization of the Hessian Churches,A.D.1526-1528.(3)Organization of other German Provincial Churches,A.D.1528-1530.(4)The Reformation in the Cities of Northern Germany,A.D.1524-1531.§128.Martyrs for Evangelical Truth,A.D.1521-1529.§129.Luther’s Private and Public Life,A.D.1523-1529.(1)Luther’s Literary Works.(2)Döllinger’s View of Luther.§130.The Reformation in German Switzerland,A.D.1519-1531.(1)Ulrich Zwingli.(2)The Reformation in Zürich,A.D.1519-1525.(3)Reformation in Basel,A.D.1520-1525.(4)The Reformation in the other Cantons,A.D.1520-1525.(5)Anabaptist Outbreak,A.D.1525.(6)Disputation at Baden,A.D.1526.(7)Disputation at Bern,A.D.1528.(8)Complete Victory of the Reformation at Basel, St. Gall, and Schaffhausen,A.D.1529.(9)The first Treaty of Cappel,A.D.1529.(10)The Second Treaty of Cappel,A.D.1531.§131.The Sacramentarian Controversy,A.D.1525-1529.§132.The Protest and Confession of the Evangelical Nobles,A.D.1527-1530.(1)The Pack Incident,A.D.1527, 1528.(2)The Emperor’s Attitude,A.D.1527-1529.(3)The Diet at Spires,A.D.1529.(4)The Marburg Conference,A.D.1529.(5)The Convention of Schwabach and the Landgrave Philip.(6)The Diet of Augsburg,A.D.1530.(7)The Augsburg Confession, 25th June,A.D.1530.(8)The Conclusions of the Diet of Augsburg.§133.Incidents of the YearsA.D.1531-1536.(1)The Founding of the Schmalcald League,A.D.1530, 1531.(2)The Peace of Nuremberg,A.D.1532.(3)The Evangelization of Württemberg,A.D.1534, 1535.(4)The Reformation in Anhalt and Pomerania,A.D.1532-1534.(5)The Reformation in Westphalia,A.D.1532-1534.(6)Disturbances at Münster,A.D.1534, 1535.(7)Extension of the Schmalcald league,A.D.1536.(8)The Wittenberg Concordat ofA.D.1536.§134.Incidents of the YearsA.D.1537-1539.(1)The Schmalcald Articles,A.D.1537.(2)The League of Nuremberg,A.D.1538.(3)The Frankfort Interim,A.D.1539.(4)The Reformation in Albertine Saxony,A.D.1539.(5)The Reformation in Brandenburg and Neighbouring States,A.D.1539.§135.Union Attempts ofA.D.1540-1546.(1)The Double Marriage of the Landgrave,A.D.1540.(2)The Religious Conference at Worms,A.D.1540.(3)The Religious Conference at Regensburg,A.D.1541.(4)The Regensburg Declaration,A.D.1541.(5)The Naumburg Bishopric,A.D.1541, 1542.(6)The Reformation in Brunswick and the Palatinate,A.D.1542-1546.(7)The Reformation in the Electorate of Cologne,A.D.1542-1544.(8)The Emperor’s Difficulties,A.D.1543, 1544.(9)Diet at Spires,A.D.1544.(10)Differences between the Emperor and the Protestant Nobles,A.D.1545, 1546.(11)Luther’s Death,A.D.1546.§136.The Schmalcald War, the Interim, and the Council,A.D.1546-1551.(1)Preparations for the Schmalcald War,A.D.1546.(2)The Campaign on the Danube,A.D.1546.(3)The Campaign on the Elbe,A.D.1547.(4)The Council of Trent,A.D.1545-1547.(5)The Augsburg Interim,A.D.1548.(6)The Execution of the Interim.(7)The Leipzig or Little Interim,A.D.1549.(8)The Council again at Trent,A.D.1551.§137A.Maurice and the Peace of AugsburgA.D.1550-1555.(1)The State of Matters inA.D.1550.(2)The Elector Maurice,A.D.1551.(3)The Compact of Passau,A.D.1552.(4)Death of Maurice,A.D.1553.(5)The Religious Peace of Augsburg,A.D.1555.§137B.Germany after the Religious Peace.(6)The Worms Consultation,A.D.1557.(7)Second Attempt at Reformation in the Electorate of Cologne,A.D.1582.(8)The German Emperors,A.D.1556-1612.§138.The Reformation in French Switzerland.(1)Calvin’s Predecessors,A.D.1526-1535.(2)Calvin before his Genevan Ministry.(3)Calvin’s First Ministry in Geneva,A.D.1536-1538.(4)Calvin’s Second Ministry in Geneva,A.D.1541-1564.(5)Calvin’s Writings.(6)Calvin’s Doctrine.(7)The Victory of Calvinism over Zwinglianism.(8)Calvin’s Successor in Geneva.§139.The Reformation in Other Lands.(1)Sweden.(2)Denmark and Norway.(3)Courland, Livonia, and Esthonia.(4)England—Henry VIII.(5)—— Edward VI.(6)—— Elizabeth.(7)Ireland.(8)Scotland.(9)—— John Knox.(10)—— Queen Mary Stuart.(11)—— John Knox and Queen Mary Stuart.(12)The Netherlands.(13)France.——Francis I.——Henry II.(14)——Huguenots.——Francis II.——Charles IX.(15)——Persecution of the Huguenots.(16)——The Bloody Marriage—Massacre of St. Bartholomew.(17)——Henry III.——Henry IV.——Edict of Nantes.(18)Poland.(19)Bohemia and Moravia.(20)Hungary and Transylvania.(21)Spain.(22)Italy.(23)—— Aonio Paleario.(24)1.Bernardino Ochino.2.Peter Martyr Vermilius.3.Peter Paul Vergerius.4.Cœlius Secundus Curio.5.Galeazzo Carraccioli.6.Fulvia Olympia Morata.(25)The Protestantizing of the Waldensians.(26)Attempt at Protestantizing the Eastern Church.II. The Churches of the Reformation.§140.The Distinctive Character of the Lutheran Church.§141.Doctrinal Controversies in the Lutheran Church.(1)The Antinomian Controversy,A.D.1537-1541.(2)The Osiander Controversy,A.D.1549-1556.(3)Æpinus Controversy; Kargian Controversy.(4)The Philippists and their Opponents.(5)The Adiaphorist Controversy,A.D.1548-1555.(6)The Majorist Controversy,A.D.1551-1562.(7)The Synergistic Controversy,A.D.1555-1567.(8)The Flacian Controversy about Original Sin,A.D.1560-1575.(9)The Lutheran Doctrine of the Lord’s Supper.(10)Cryptocalvinism in its First Stage,A.D.1552-1574.(11)The Frankfort Compact,A.D.1558, and the Naumburg Assembly of Princes,A.D.1561.(12)The Formula of Concord,A.D.1577.(13)Second Stage of Cryptocalvinism,A.D.1586-1592.(14)The Huber Controversy,A.D.1588-1595.(15)The Hofmann Controversy in Helmstadt,A.D.1598.§142.Constitution, Worship, Life, and Science in the Lutheran Church.(1)The Ecclesiastical Constitution.(2)Public Worship and Art.(3)Church Song—Luther and early Authors.(4)—— Later Authors.(5)Chorale Singing.(6)Theological Science.(7)German National Literature.(8)Missions to the Heathen.§143.The Inner Development of the Reformed Church.(1)The Ecclesiastical Constitution.(2)Public Worship.(3)The English Puritans.(4)—— The Brownists.(5)Theological Science.(6)Philosophy.(7)A Missionary Enterprise.§144.Calvinizing of German Lutheran National Churches.(1)The Palatinate,A.D.1560.(2)Bremen,A.D.1562.(3)Anhalt,A.D.1597.III. The Deformation.§145.Character of the Deformation.§146.Mysticism and Pantheism.(1)Schwenkfeld and his Followers.(2)Agrippa, Paracelsus, and Weigel.(3)Franck, Thamer, and Bruno.(4)The Pantheistic Libertine Sects of the Spirituals.(5)The Familists.§147.Anabaptism.(1)The Anabaptist Movement in General.(2)Keller’s View of Anabaptist History.(3)The Swiss Anabaptists.(4)The South German Anabaptists.(5)The Moravian Anabaptists.(6)The Venetian Anabaptists.(7)The older Apostles of Anabaptism in the North-West of Germany.1.Melchior Hoffmann.2.Melchior Ring.(8)Jan Matthys of Haarlem.(9)The Münster Catastrophe,A.D.1534, 1535.(10)Menno Simons and the Mennonites.§148.Antitrinitarians and Unitarians.(1)Anabaptist Antitrinitarians in Germany.(2)Michael Servetus.(3)Italian and other Antitrinitarians before Socinus.(4)The Two Socini and the Socinians.IV. The Counter-Reformation.§149.The Internal Strengthening and Revival of the Catholic Church.(1)The Popes before the Council.(2)The Popes of the Time of the Council.(3)The Popes after the Council.(4)Papal Infallibility.(5)The Prophecy of St. Malachi.(6)Reformation of Old Monkish Orders.(7)New Orders for Home Missions.(8)The Society of Jesus—Founding of the Order.(9)—— Constitution.(10)—— The Doctrinal and Moral System.(11)Jesuit Influence upon Worship and Superstition.(12)Educational Methods and Institutions of the Jesuits.(13)Theological Controversies.(14)Theological Literature.(15)Art and Poetry.(16)The Spanish Mystics.(17)Practical Christian life.§150.Foreign Missions.(1)Missions to the Heathen—East Indies and China.(2)—— Japan.(3)—— America.(4)Schismatical Churches of the East.§151.Attempted Regeneration of Roman Catholicism.(1)Attempts at Regeneration in Germany.(2)Throughout Europe.(3)Russia and the United Greeks.