Magisterial Districts.
Each county shall be divided into as many compactly located magisterial districts as are necessary, not less than three.
There must be at least three and not more than eleven magisterial districts in each county, and in each district there must be one supervisor, three justices of peace, one constable, and one overseer of the poor.
Supervisor.
Elected by the people for four years; must be a resident of the district.
Duties. A member of the Board of Supervisors; shall inspect the roads and bridges in his district.
The general duties of the Board of Supervisors have been already explained, but each supervisor has special duties in his own district. He must inspect the public roads and bridges in his district twice every year to see that they are kept in repair, and he must once a year make a written report to the Board of Supervisors as to their condition.
For the time he is actually employed in such service each supervisor receives two dollars a day, paid out of the public funds of his own district, but he is not allowed for such service more than thirty dollars in any one year.
Justices of the Peace.
Three in each district; elected by the people for four years; must reside in the district. Salary, fees.
Duties. Is a conservator of the peace; must see that the laws are obeyed; may issue warrants, attachments, etc.; may hold court for the trial of causes. (See Justices' Courts.)
The jurisdiction of justices is fully explained under JUSTICES' COURTS. Justices of the peace receive no salaries, but they are allowed fees for the issuing and certifying of several kinds of legal documents.
A CONSERVATOR of the peace is a preserver of the peace. To preserve the peace is one of the chief duties of a justice of the peace, hence the title of his office. If he have good reason to believe that any person intends to commit an offence against another, it is the duty of a justice to issue a warrant for the arrest of such person, and to require him to give bail or security for his good behavior.
In general it is the duty of the justice of the peace to do everything necessary to prevent, as well as to punish, violations of the criminal law in his district.
An ATTACHMENT is a writ directing an officer of the law to arrest and bring into court a person who has been summoned to attend as a witness or a juror, but has failed to appear at the proper time.
Constable.
Elected by the people for four years; must reside in the district.Salary, fees.
Duties. To make arrests; to serve notices; to execute any order, warrant, or process, legally directed to him; attend Justices' Courts; execute its judgments, levy attachments, collect fines, report violations of the penal laws; may act as sheriff in certain cases.
The constable performs in his district the same sort of duties generally that the sheriff performs for the county.
Overseer of the Poor.
Elected by the people for four years; must reside in the district. Salary, $2 for each day actually engaged, but not to exceed $20 per year.
Duties. Shall care for and assist persons unable to maintain themselves, who have a legal settlement in his district; shall remove those not having a legal settlement; shall prevent persons from going about begging; may hold and administer certain property donated to charitable purposes; may place in an asylum, or bind out as an apprentice, any minor found begging, or likely to become chargeable to the county.
A LEGAL SETTLEMENT in the case of a pauper is residence for one year in the district and three years in the State. Paupers not having a legal settlement may be removed to the place where they were last legally settled, but a warrant of removal must be obtained from a justice of the county or district.
A MINOR is a boy or girl under twenty-one years of age.
Conservators of the Peace.
Every judge throughout the State; every justice, commissioner in chancery, and notary within his county or corporation; conductors of railroad trains on their trains; depot agents at their places of business; masters of all steamers navigating the waters of the State on their respective vessels.
A NOTARY, or notary public, is an officer who attests or certifies deeds and other papers, under his official seal. Statements in writing that require to be attested for business or legal purposes are usually taken to a notary to be signed by him after the party has made oath that the statements are true.
Conductors of railroad trains may arrest any persons who violate the peace on their trains, and keep such persons in custody until they can be given over to the proper authorities for trial. Railroad depot agents may do the same at their depots, and the masters or captains of steamers may do the same on their vessels while sailing in the waters within the State. This is what is meant by being CONSERVATORS of the peace. Judges have the same power throughout the State, and justices, commissioners in chancery, and notaries within their districts.
Each magisterial district is also a school district, for which see under Education, page 99.
One school trustee is appointed annually for each school district; see page 99.
This board is composed of three trustees of the district; for its duties, see page 99.
1. How many magisterial districts is a county divided into?
2. For how long is the supervisor elected?
3 What are the duties of a supervisor?
4. How many justices of the peace are elected for a district?
5 What are the duties of a justice of the peace?
6. What is a conservator of the peace?
7. What is an attachment?
8. For how long is a constable elected?
9. What are the duties of the constable?
10. For how long is the overseer of the poor elected?
11. What remuneration does he receive?
12. Name some of his duties.
13. What is a legal settlement?
14. What is a minor?
15. Who are conservators of the peace?
16. What is a notary?
17. What provisions with regard to schools are mentioned as being made in the magisterial districts?
A City is an incorporated community containing within well-defined boundaries five thousand or more inhabitants.
A Town is an incorporated community of less than five thousand inhabitants.
A Council includes any body or bodies authorized to make ordinances for the government of a city or town.
An incorporated town or city is a community chartered as a corporation, for explanation of which, see page 14.
Ordinances are laws made by the council of a city or town for managing the public affairs of the city, or town.
In towns it is composed of the Mayor and six Councilmen, elected every two years by the people of the town on the second Tuesday in June. The Mayor and each Councilman have the power and authority of a justice in civil matters within the corporate limits, and in criminal matters within these limits and one mile beyond them; may issue processes, and may hear and determine prosecutions, etc. In cities the Councilmen of each ward are elected by the people of such ward. The Council of cities of over ten thousand inhabitants is made up of two branches:—the Board of Aldermen and the Common Council, all of whom are elected for four years, one-half being chosen every two years. These provisions may be modified by the city charter. Members of Common Council shall hold no other office in cities; no city officer shall hold a seat in the General Assembly.
It is the aim of the Constitution that, so far as possible, all cities shall be organized under general laws.
A city charter is the law under which the city is governed. It is passed by the General Assembly, and it makes the city a corporation. It states what powers the corporation may exercise and what officers it may appoint or elect to carry on its government.
A charter is for a city what a constitution is for a State. It prescribes the system under which the city is to be governed.
The powers of the mayor and the councilmen as justices are modified—that is, regulated—by the city charter, so that they may not be exactly the same in all cities.
Cities are divided into districts called wards, and each ward elects a certain number of councilmen.
POWERS. To levy taxes; create corporate debt; impose tax on licenses; enact ordinances, and prescribe fines or other punishment for the violation thereof; appoint a collector of taxes, and other officers; disburse all money collected or received for the corporation; lay off and keep in order streets and public grounds; provide necessary buildings, a fire department, water works, cemeteries, etc.; abate nuisances; establish election districts; alter and rearrange wards; provide for weighing articles of merchandise; judge of the election, qualification, and returns of its own members; protect the property of the city, and preserve peace and good order therein.
To create corporate debt is to borrow money for carrying out purposes of city government. Charters of cities give power to borrow money for such purposes.
A nuisance is anything that is annoying or offensive, or dangerous to the health of citizens.
The council may provide in various parts of the city public weighing machines for weighing articles of merchandise purchased by citizens who may wish to ascertain whether they have got honest weight.
To protect the property of the city and to preserve peace and order is the most important business of the council. For this purpose it has power to organize and maintain a police force.
Mayor of City.
Elected by the people of the city for a term of four years; presides over the Council; and his powers and duties may be modified by the city charter.
Duties. The chief executive officer of the city; shall see that the duties of the various city officers are faithfully performed; may suspend for cause all town or city officers.
To suspend an officer is to remove him from his office for a time until any charge made against him of neglect of duty is investigated and decided on.
City Sergeant.
Elected by the people for four years.
Duties. Shall perform the duties, etc., prescribed by the city charter; and shall also within the jurisdiction of the courts of his city exercise the same powers, perform the same duties, and be subject to the same liabilities as the sheriff of a county; in towns he shall have the same powers and discharge the same duties as constables, within the corporate limits and for one mile beyond them; shall be the executive officer of the Corporation Court.
LIABILITY means responsibility. Sheriffs are responsible or answerable for the performance of their duties, and if they fail to perform them they may be fined or imprisoned. City sergeants are under the same liabilities.
Elected by the people for eight years. See under Officers ofCourt.
Elected by the people for four years. See County Organization.
Elected by the people for four years. See County Organization.
Elected by the people for four years. See County Organization.
Elected by the people for four years.
Duties. Shall attend the Circuit and Chancery Courts, and act as their executive officer; shall exercise the same powers, perform the same duties, have the same fees and compensation therefor, and be subject to the same penalties touching all processes issued by said courts, or by the clerks thereof, or otherwise lawfully directed to him, that the sheriff of a county exercises, performs, and is entitled or subject to in his county.
Superintendents of Schools for cities are appointed by the StateBoard of Education. See under Education, page
1. Define city, town, council.
3. What are ordinances?
8. Of whom is the council composed?
4. What is the term of office of a member of council?
5. What are the powers of the council?
6. How are the Councilmen in cities elected?
7. In cities of over ten thousand inhabitants how is the Council made up?
8. Of whom is the Common Council composed?
9. Are members of this body permitted to hold any other office?
10. What is a city charter?
11. What do you understand by the powers of the mayor and the councilmen as justices being modified?
12. What are wards?
13. Name some of the powers of the council.
14. What does creating corporate debt mean?
15. What is a nuisance?
16. What is the most important business of the council?
17. How is the mayor of a city chosen, and what is his term of office?
18. What are the mayor's duties?
19. What does suspending an officer mean?
20. How is the city sergeant chosen, and what is his term of office?
21. Name some of his duties.
22. What does liability mean?
23. What is the term of office of the commissioner of the revenue, the commonwealth's attorney, and the treasurer?
24. How long does the sheriff of Richmond City hold office?
25. Name some of his duties.
26. Who appoints superintendents of schools for cities?
Composed of the Governor, Superintendent of Public Instruction, Attorney-General, three experienced educators elected from the faculties of certain State institutions, one City Superintendent of Schools, and one County Superintendent of Schools. These eight constitute the State Board of Education, and their several powers and duties as members of the Board are identical except that the two division superintendents shall not participate in the appointment of any public school official.
This Board shall have the management and investment of school funds; make by-laws for its own government, and for carrying into effect the school laws; audit claims payable out of State funds; arrange for summer normal schools of teachers for instruction in processes of school organization, discipline, and management; select text-books and educational appliances for use in the public schools of the State; appoint (and remove), subject to confirmation by the Senate, all county and city superintendents, and regulate all matters arising in the practical administration of the school system not otherwise provided for.
The three State officers are ex officio members of the Board. The three experienced educators are elected quadrennially by the Senate from a list of eligibles consisting of one from each of the faculties and nominated by the respective boards of visitors or trustees of the University of Virginia, the Virginia Military Institute, the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, the State Female Normal School at Danville, the School for the Deaf and Blind, and also of the College of William and Mary so long as the State continues its annual appropriation to the last-named institution. The city and county superintendents are selected by the other six members for terms of two years each.
School funds are moneys set apart or provided for the support of schools. In Virginia, school funds are provided by the State, the counties, and the districts (see under School Funds).
By-laws are laws or rules made by any association for the management of its affairs. The Board of Education makes by-laws for its own government and for administering the laws relating to the schools.
Claims payable out of State funds are claims which by law are to be paid out of the State funds. Such claims must be audited by the Board of Education. The salaries and expenses of State education officers are paid out of the State fund, and portions of the fund are divided among the counties and cities for the support of schools.
By arranging for meetings of teachers for instruction in the processes of school organization, discipline, and instruction, the State Board of Education does much to improve the schools of the State, and the great yearly institutes are of the highest value to the schools.
One of the most important duties of the State Board is in connection with the selection of text-books and the approval of educational appliances for the equipment of schools.
The general duties of the State Board of Education consist in regulating all matters arising in the practical administration of the school system not otherwise provided for. Uniformity of practice throughout the schools of the State is of the greatest importance, and the State Board wisely secures this by keeping in constant correspondence with officers and teachers throughout the system.
The State Board of Education chooses its own secretary, who is entrusted with many important duties in carrying out the plans and work of the board.
As all division superintendents are appointees of the State Board, it is provided in the Constitution that the two who are members of the State Board shall not participate in the election of school officers.
Elected by the people of the State for four years; salary, $2,000, and necessary traveling expenses; shall have his office at the capital; shall be the chief executive of the public free school system; shall determine the true intent and meaning of the school laws; shall receive reports from school officers; inspect schools, and decide appeals from the decisions of county superintendents; apportion State funds among the counties and cities of the State.
The public free school system is the system under which, as required by the law of Virginia, the public schools are free to all persons between the ages of five and twenty-one years residing within the school districts.
The superintendent of public instruction is the chief executive officer of the system, and when any dispute arises among school officers as to the meaning or application of school laws, it is his duty to determine—that is, to decide—it.
The superintendent of public instruction is also to a large extent a judicial officer, and his decisions as to the true intent and meaning of the school laws have very nearly as much force as the decisions of the courts.
The reports received from school officers by the State superintendent are embodied in his report made every two years to the governor, and by him transmitted to the General Assembly.
This report, in addition to the information received from the county and city superintendents, contains a large amount of statistics and reports in regard to private schools, colleges, and other institutions which are more or less under the care and subject to the control of the State.
Term, four years, beginning July 1st after appointment; must reside in the county or city for which he is elected, and shall hold no elective office; shall explain the school system, examine teachers and grant certificates, promote the improvement and efficiency of teachers, advise with and counsel trustees and teachers, visit and examine schools under his care and inquire into whatever concerns their usefulness and perfection; decide appeals and complaints; administer oaths and take testimony; apportion the school funds among the districts.
The county and city superintendents must hold examinations at certain times in their counties or cities to examine persons desiring to become teachers, and if, after examination, such persons are found qualified, they receive certificates as teachers.
In any case of appeal or complaint against any person connected with the schools in their districts the county or city superintendents must hold inquiry into the matter and give decision upon it. In making such inquiry they can call witnesses and administer oaths to such witnesses before taking their testimony.
It is also the duty of the superintendents to prepare annually a scheme or plan for apportioning the State and county school funds among the school districts under their supervision.
Composed of the County Superintendent of Schools, the Commonwealth's Attorney, and a resident qualified voter, not a county or state officer, to be appointed by the Judge of the Circuit Court; shall fill all vacancies in the district boards of school trustees. In cities and towns school trustees are appointed by municipal councils.
A vacancy occurs every year in each district board. The district board when first formed was composed of three members, one to serve three years, one to serve two years, and the other to serve one year, all appointments afterwards to be for three years each. Thus there is one vacancy every year in the board, and it is the duty of the School Trustee Electoral Board to appoint a new trustee to fill the vacancy.
County School Board.
Composed of the County Superintendent (who is ex officio president) and the District School Trustees of the county—"a body corporate"; shall make necessary bylaws and regulations, shall have a regular annual meeting between the 1st and 15th of August; shall prepare and file with the Superintendent before July 15th an estimate of the amount of money that will be needed for public school purposes in the county for the next year, also a similar list for each school district based on the estimate of the District Board, which lists the Superintendent shall lay before the Board of Supervisors; shall make settlement with treasurers and school officers; shall administer certain properties devoted to school purposes.
Ex officio is a Latin phrase meaning by virtue of office. The county superintendent is president of the County School Board, not by election or appointment, but because of his office as county superintendent.
A body corporate is a corporation, the meaning of which term is explained on page 14.
Property of any kind, either public funds or donations from private persons, set apart or devoted to school purposes in the county is administered by the County School Board—that is, managed and used by the board for the support of schools in the county.
District.—School Districts.
Each county shall be divided into compactly located school districts, which shall correspond with the magisterial districts, unless specially subdivided; except that a town of five hundred or more inhabitants may form a separate school district.
School Trustees.
One shall be appointed annually for each district for a term of three years; must be able to read and write.
School trustees are appointed annually by the School TrusteeElectoral Board, as explained above.
District Board of School Trustees.
"A body corporate"—composed of the three trustees of the district; shall hold and manage the school property of the district; provide suitable school houses, etc.; enforce school laws; employ and dismiss teachers; suspend and dismiss pupils; see that census of children of school age (5 to 21) is taken every five years; submit to the County School Board annually an estimate of the amount of money needed for public school purposes in the district for the next scholastic year.
In cities the Board is composed of all the trustees in the city, and its duties and powers are modified and enlarged.
The census of children is the numbering or counting of the children residing in the district.
The scholastic year is the part of the year during which the schools are open.
The District Board of School Trustees has the whole care and administration of the schools in its charge, and is thus the most important local body in the civil government of the State.
School Funds.
1. State Funds. The interest on the literary fund, the capitation tax, and a tax on property of one mill on the dollar.
2. County Funds. Such tax as the Board of Supervisors may levy for county school purposes; fines and penalties imposed on the Superintendent; donations, or the income arising therefrom.
3. District Funds. Such tax as the Board of Supervisors may levy for the purposes of the school district; fines and penalties imposed on district school officers and teachers; donations, or income arising therefrom.
The County or City Treasurer receives and pays out all school funds.
For explanation of literary fund, see page 37, and for capitation tax, see page 82. The tax of one mill on the dollar means a tax of one mill on each dollar of the assessed valuation of the property.
Certain fines and other money penalties may be imposed by the Board of Education or by the courts or county superintendents for failing or refusing to perform certain duties Such fines and penalties are added to the school fund for the county
When district school officers or teachers are fined for neglect of duty the money goes to the district fund. Donations are contributions or gifts from private individuals. If such gifts are real estate, the income arising therefrom is the rent of such real estate or the interest on the amount realized by its sale.
Teachers.
Must hold a certificate of qualification in full force, issued or approved by the Superintendent of Schools of the county or city within which he proposes to teach.
The law requires that a teacher must be at least eighteen years of age. If the teacher has the necessary education to pass the required examination, a certain maturity is necessary to insure good judgment in the government and discipline of the school.
The value and success of all government depend largely upon the character and ability of those in authority, and this is especially true in the government of the school.
For teachers' certificates of qualification, see above underCounty and City Superintendents.
1. Who compose the Board of Education?
2. Name some of the duties of this board.
3. What is meant by nomination being subject to confirmation by the Senate?
4. What are school funds?
5. What are by-laws?
6. What are claims payable out of State Funds?
7. What important work is done at the meetings of teachers arranged by the State board of Education?
8. What very important duty has the State Board to perform in reference to books?
9. What are the general duties of the board?
10. How is the superintendent of public instruction chosen?
11. What is his salary?
12. What are his duties?
13. What is the public free school system?
14. What is the extent of the power of the superintendent of public instruction?
15. How often does the superintendent report to the General Assembly, and what information does his report contain?
16. Who appoints county and city superintendents, and what is their term of office?
17. Name some of the duties of these officers.
18. Who compose the School Trustee Electoral Board?
19. What are their duties?
20. Who compose the County School Board?
21. Name some of the duties of this board.
22. How are school districts laid out?
23. How are school trustees chosen, and what is their terra of office?
24. Of whom is the District Board of School Trustees composed?
25. Name some of the powers of this board.
26. Of whom is the City Board of Trustees composed?
27. What is the census of children?
28. What is a scholastic year?
29. Tell what State funds, county funds, and district funds are.
30. Who receives and pays out all school funds?
31. What does the tax of one mill on the dollar mean?
32. From what sources besides the tax on property are school funds obtained?
33. What are the qualifications of teachers?
1497. John Cabot discovered Labrador, the basis of the English title to Virginia.
1585. Virginia was so named by Queen Elizabeth in honor of her unmarried state.
1606. Charter granted to the London Company.
1607. Settlement at Jamestown.
John Smith, "the Father of the Colony," rescued from death byPocahontas, the daughter of Powhatan, the King of the PamunkeyIndians.
1608. John Smith President of the Colony.
1609. The London Company receives its second Charter.
1610. "The Starving Time."
1612. Culture of tobacco commenced.
1613. Pocahontas marries John Rolfe.
1617. Death of Pocahontas at Gravesend, England.
1618. "The Great Charter of Virginia" granted by the London Company.
1619. Slaves landed from a Dutch ship.
First Colonial Assembly meets at Jamestown, July 30.
1621. Formal grant of free government by a written charter.
A Council of State and a General Assembly established—the model of every subsequent provincial form of government.
1622. Massacre of settlers by Indians under Opechancanough.
1624. Fall of the London Company.
Virginia becomes a royal province.
1644. Second Indian Massacre. Opechancanough captured and killed.
1652-60. Virginia under the Commonwealth.
1660. Called the "Old Dominion."
Navigation Acts put into operation by British Government.
1673. Grant to Lords Culpeper and Arlington of immense estates by Charles II.
1676. Bacon's Rebellion. 1693. William and Mary College chartered.
Postal System adopted.
1698. The seat of government removed to Williamsburg.
1699. The Huguenots settle in Virginia.
1700. First Commencement of William and Mary College.
1732. Scotch-Irish and Germans settle in the Shenandoah Valley.
George Washington born February 22.
1733. Founding of Richmond at the Falls of the James.
1736. First Virginia Newspaper—"The Virginia Gazette."
Norfolk incorporated.
1737. Richmond laid out by Col. William Byrd.
1742. Richmond incorporated.
1743. Thomas Jefferson born April 2.
1754. The French and Indian War begun. Battle of Great Meadows.
French defeated by Colonists under George Washington.
1755. Braddock defeated in his attack on Fort Duquesne.
1758. Fort Duquesne captured by English and Virginia troops.
1763. "The Parsons' Case." Patrick Henry's Famous Speech.
End of the French and Indian War.
1764. Battle of Point Pleasant (now in West Virginia).
1765. Resolutions of the House of Burgesses against taxation without representation.
1765. The British Parliament passes the Stamp Act.
1766. Stamp Act repealed by Parliament.
1767. Parliament imposes a tax on tea and other articles.
1769. Virginia resolves passed by the House of Burgesses, May 16.
1774. The first Continental Congress met at Philadelphia, September 9.
1775. Convention at Richmond "to organize a provincial form of government and a plan of defense for the Colony."
End of royal government in Virginia. Committee of Safety appointed.
1776. Constitution and Bill of Rights adopted.
Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson signed inPhiladelphia, July 4.
1779. The seat of government removed to Richmond.
Conquest of the Northwest Territory by Col. George Rogers Clarke.
1780. Virginia troops defeat the British at King's Mountain, October 7.
1781. Richmond captured by British under Benedict Arnold, in January.
Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown, October 19.
Cession of the Northwest Territory to the Federal Government.
1785. Act of Religious Freedom.
1787. Constitution of the United States adopted in convention of which George Washington was President.
1788. Ratifies the Constitution of the United States.
1789. Washington inaugurated first President of the United States, April 30.
1799. George Washington died December 14.
1807. Robert E. Lee born January 19.
1819. University of Virginia established.
1826. Thomas Jefferson died July 1.
1830. Constitution of the State amended.
1852. Constitution of the State again amended.
1859. John Brown's attack on Harper's Ferry.
1861. Ordinance of Secession passed by the Convention.
Richmond the Capital of the Southern Confederacy.
Confederate Congress assembled at Richmond, July 20.
First battle of Manassas, July 21.
1861-65. Virginia the principal battle ground of the "War between the States."
1862. Battle between the "Virginia" and the "Monitor," March 9.
1863. West Virginia formed and admitted to the Union.
1865. Provisional Government established in Virginia, May 9.
1869. Constitution amended.
Virginia readmitted to the Union.
1870. State enacts a liberal system of public education.
Robert E. Lee died October 12.
1881. Centennial of the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown.
1902. New Constitution in force July 10.
1607. Capt. Edward Maria Wingfield, President of the Council under first Charter of the London Company.
Capt. John Ratcliffe, President of the Council.
1608. Capt. John Smith, President of the Council.
1609. Sir George Percy, Acting President of the Council.
1610. Lord Delaware, first Governor under new Charter of 1609. Sir Thomas Gates, Lieutenant-Governor under Lord Delaware.
1611. Sir Thomas Dale, High Marshal under Lord Delaware.
1616. Sir George Yeardley, Lieutenant-Governor under Lord Delaware.
1617. Samuel Argall, Lieutenant-Governor under Lord Delaware.
1619. Sir George Yeardley, first Governor under the "Great Charter of Virginia" granted by the London Company.
1621. Sir Francis Wyatt, second Governor under the "Great Charter." Put into effect the new constitution.
1626. Sir George Yeardley, third Governor under the "Great Charter."
1627. Francis West, fourth Governor under the "Great Charter."
1629. John Potts, fifth Governor under the "Great Charter."
Sir John Harvey, first Royal Governor, appointed by King CharlesI.
1635. John West, acting Governor, in place of Harvey deposed by the people.
1636. Sir John Harvey, reinstated by the King.
1639. Sir Francis Wyatt, Royal Governor.
1642. Sir William Berkeley, Royal Governor. Deposed by the Commonwealth in 1652.
1652. Richard Bennett, first Governor under the Commonwealth.
1655. Edward Digges, second Governor under the Commonwealth.
1656. Samuel Matthews, third Governor under the Commonwealth.
1660. Sir William Berkeley elected by the House of Burgesses and reappointed by Charles II. after the Restoration.
1661. Col. Francis Moryson, Acting Governor.
1663. Sir William Berkeley reappointed and continued to act as Governor until 1677.
1675. Lord Culpeper appointed Royal Governor for life by Charles II., but did not act as such until 1680.
1677. Sir Herbert Jeffreys, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor in absence of Lord Culpeper.
1678. Sir Henry Chickeley, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor in absence of Lord Culpeper.
1684. Lord Howard of Effingham appointed Governor to succeed Lord Culpeper, deposed in 1683.
1688. Nathaniel Bacon, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1690. Francis Nicholson, first Royal Governor appointed after the Revolution of 1688.
1692. Sir Edmund Andros, Royal Governor. Founded William and Mary College.
1698. Francis Nicholson, Royal Governor. Removed capital to Williamsburg.
1704. George Hamilton Douglas, Earl of Orkney, Royal Governor.
1705. Edward Scott, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1706. Edmund Jennings, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1710. Robert Hunter, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
Alexander Spotswood, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1722. Hugh Drysdale, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1726. Robert Carter, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1727. William Gooch, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1737. William A. Keppel, Earl of Albemarle, Royal Governor.
1749. John Robinson, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1750. Thomas Lee, Lieutenant-Governor. Died immediately after his appointment.
Louis Burwell, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1752. Robert Dinwiddie, Lieutenant-Governor. First explored the Valley.
1756. John Campbell, Earl of Loudoun, Royal Governor.
Robert Dinwiddie, Lieutenaut-Governor and Acting Governor.
1758. John Blair, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
Francis Fauqmer, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1763. Jeffrey Amherst, Lord Amherst, Royal Governor.
1768. John Blair, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
Norborne Berkeley, Lord Botetourt, Royal Governor.
1770. William Nelson, Lieutenant-Governor and Acting Governor.
1772. Lord Dunmore, Royal Governor until the Revolution.
1775. Edmund Pendleton, President of the Committee of Safety.
1776-1779. Patrick Henry.
1779-1781. Thomas Jefferson.
1781. Thomas Nelson.
1781-1784. Benjamin Harrison.
1784-1786. Patrick Henry.
1786-1788. Edmund Randolph.
1788-1791. Beverly Randolph.
1791-1794. Henry Lee.
1794-1796. Robert Brooks.
1796-1799. James Wood.
1799-1802. James Monroe.
1802-1805. John Page
1805-1808. William H. Cabell.
1808-1811. John Tyler.
1811. James Monroe.
1811-1812. George William Smith, Lieutenant-Governor.
1812-1814. James Barbour.
1814-1816. Wilson Cary Nichols.
1816-1819. James P. Preston.
1819-1822. Thomas M. Randolph.
1822-1825. James Pleasants.
1825-1827. John Tyler.
1827-1830. William B. Giles.
1830-1834. John Floyd.
1834-1836. Littleton Waller Tazewell.
1836-1837. Wyndham Robertson, Lieutenant-Governor.
1837-1840. David Campbell.
1840-1841. Thomas Walker Gilmer.
1841. John M. Patton.
1841-1842. John Rutherford. Lieutenant-Governor.
1842-1843. John M. Gregory.
1843-1846. James McDowell.
1846-1849. William Smith.
1849-1852. John B. Floyd.
1852-1856. Joseph Johnson.
1856-1860. Henry Alexander Wise.
1860-1864. John Letcher.
1864-1865. William Smith.
1865-1868. Francis H. Pierpont.
1868-1869. Henry H. Wells.
1869-1873. Gilbert C. Walker.
1873-1877. James L. Kempner.
1877-1881. Frederick W. M. Holliday.
1881-1885. William E. Gameron.
1885-1889. Fitzhugh Lee.
1889-1893. Philip W. McKinney.
1893-1897. Charles T. O'Ferrall.
1897. J. Hoge Tyler.
1901. A. J. Montague.