WATER HEMLOCK
Water hemlock, cowbane, beaver poisonCicuta maculata—UMBELLIFERAE
Water hemlock, cowbane, beaver poisonCicuta maculata—UMBELLIFERAE
Description:A perennial herb reaching to 5 feet, or more, in height and found in swampy or moist areas. At least eight species ofCicutaare known to be poisonous.
As in the Conium hemlock, the roots ofCircutaresemble those of the parsnip but in addition, frequently possess many tuberous rootlets which resemble small sweet potatoes. When cut open, these yield a yellowish aromatic oil. Stems are shiny, hollow, and often have purple spots. Leaf bases clasp around the stem and the leaves are coarsely divided into smaller leaflets.
Flowers are white and the small fruits are formed on umbrella-like stalks. Each fruit possesses several prominent corky ribs.
Poisonous Parts:Mostly the roots. However, above ground parts are also very poisonous and should be avoided. The similarity of roots to parsnip and sweet potato has led to accidental poisoning in children and adults. The poison principle is a resin-like substance calledcicutoxinand a small quantity of this can cause death.
Poisoning is characterized by severe stomach pain, great mental excitation and frenzy, vomiting, and frothing at the mouth. The frothing can be at times bloody. Breathing becomes irregular followed by convulsions and death in a short time.
Antidote:Call your doctor. Have patient vomit. Physicians perform stomach lavage before the contents of the plant are absorbed, treat forpierotoxinpoisoning sincecicutoxinis related to it. This includes a judicious use of barbiturates and morphine.