488—— —— of Iquique503—— cretaceo-oolitic, of Coquimbo486,495—— —— of Guasco487,494—— —— of Copiapo495—— —— of Iquique504Fossils, Neocomian, of Portillo Pass453—— —— of Cumbre Pass465—— secondary, of Coquimbo485—— —— of Guasco487—— —— of Copiapo494—— —— of Iquique503—— palæozoic, from the Falklands424Fragments of hornblende-rock in gneiss414—— of gneiss in gneiss416Freyer, Lieutenant, on elevated shells of Arica323Frezier on sea-level at Coquimbo314Galapagos archipelago, pseudo-dikes of424Gallegos, Port, tertiary formation of390Garnets in gneiss415—— in mica-slate427—— at Panuncillo481Gardichaud, M., on granites of Brazil417Gay, M., on elevated shells306—— on boulders in the Cordillera339,341—— on fossils from Cordillera of Coquimbo487Gill, Mr., on brickwork transported by an earthquake-wave327Gillies, Dr., on heights in the Cordillera448—— on extension of the Portillo range458Glen Roy, parallel roads of319—— sloping terraces of340Gneiss, near Bahia414—— of Rio de Janeiro415—— decomposition of417Gold, distribution of506Gorodona, formations near362Granite, axis of oblique, to foliation431—— andesitic446—— of Portillo range455—— veins of, quartzose432,475—— pebble of, in porphyritic conglomerate493—— conglomerate497Grauwacke of Uspallata range468Gravel at bottom of sea293,298—— formation of, in Patagonia295—— means of transportation of298—— strata of, inclined467Gravel-terraces in Cordillera337Greenough, Mr., on quartz veins437Greenstone, resulting from metamorphose hornblende-rock419—— of Tierra del Fuego426—— on the summit of the Campana of Quillota442—— porphyry443—— relation of, to clay-slate443Gryphæa orientalis483Guasco, elevation of321—— secondary formation of487Guitru-gueyu, Sierra421Guyana, gneissic rocks of415Gypsum, nodules of, in gravel at Rio Negro296—— deposited from sea-water327—— deposits of, at Iquique345—— crystals of, in salt lakes346—— in Pampean formation353—— in tertiary formation of Patagonia382,,,—— great formation of, in the Portillo Pass461,463—— —— in the Cumbre Pass461,463—— —— near Los Hornos479—— —— at Coquimbo482—— —— at Copiapo490,492—— —— near Iquique504—— of San Lorenzo504Hall, Captain, on terraces at Coquimbo316Hamilton, Mr., on elevation near Tacna323Harlan, Dr., on human remains279Hayes, Mr. A., on nitrate of soda346Henslow, Professor, on concretions437Herbert, Captain, on valleys in the Himalaya335Herradura Bay, elevated shells of315—— tertiary formations of402Himalaya, valleys in335Hippurites Chilensis483,486Hitchcock, Professor, on dikes414Honestones, pseudo, of Coquimbo483—— of Copiapo489Hooker, Dr. J. D., on fossil beech-leaves391Hopkins, Mr., on axes of elevation oblique to foliation432—— on origin of lines of elevation440,512Hornblende-rock, fragments of, in gneiss414Hornblende-schist, near M. Video420Hornos, Los, section near479Hornstone, dike of433,434Horse, fossil tooth of358,364Huafo island393,404—— subsidence at411Huantajaya, mines of503Humboldt, on saline incrustations347—— on foliations of gneiss415—— on concretions in gneiss435Icebergs, action on cleavage434,436Illapele, section near479Imperial, beds of shells near305Incrustations, saline347Infusoria in Pampean formation352,355,360,363—— in Patagonian formation382,383,384,391Iodine, salts of347,348Iquique, elevation of322—— saliferous deposits of344—— cretaceo-oolitic formation of503Iron, oxide of, in lavas463,499—— in sedimentary beds480,482—— tendency in, to produce hollow concretions398—— sulphate of489Isabelle, M., on volcanic rocks of Banda Oriental368Joints in clay-slate428Jukes, Mr., on cleavage in Newfoundland437Kamtschatka, andesite of347Kane, Dr., on the production of carbonate of soda328King George’s sound, calcareous beds of312Lakes, origin of300—— fresh-water, near salt lakes350Lava, basaltic, of S. Cruz389—— claystone-porphyry, at Chiloe395—— —— ancient submarine446—— basaltic, of the Portillo range457—— feldspathic, of the Cumbre Pass463—— submarine, of the Uspallata range471,473,476—— basaltic, of the Uspallata range475—— submarine, of Coquimbo484,486—— of Copiapo490,496,499Lemus island393,404Lemuy islet394Lignite of Chiloe395—— of Concepcion398Lima, elevation of323Lime, muriate of328,344,347Limestone of Cumbre Pass462—— of Coquimbo483,485—— of Copiapo493Lund and Clausen on remains of caves in Brazil378,380Lund, M., on granites of Brazil417Lyell, M., on upraised shells retaining their colours289—— on terraces at Coquimbo315—— on elevation near Lima327—— on fossil horse’s tooth364—— on the boulder-formation being anterior to the extinction of North American mammifers371—— on quadrupeds washed down by floods374—— on age of American fossil mammifers379—— on changes of climate409—— on denudation410—— on foliation438MacCulloch, Dr., on concretions437—— on beds of marble440Maclaren, Mr., letter to, on coral-formations413Macrauchenia Patachonica358,370Madeira, subsidence of302Magellan, Strait, elevation near, of288Magnesia, sulphate of, in veins387Malcolmson, Dr., on trees carried out to sea475Maldonado, elevation of277—— Pampean formation of365—— crystalline rocks of418Mammalia, fossil, of Bahia Blanca356,364—— —— near St. Fé363—— —— of Banda Oriental366—— —— of St. Julian369—— —— at Port Gallegos391—— washed down by floods373—— number of remains of, and range of, in Pampas376Man, skeletons of (Brazil)279—— remains of, near Lima325—— Indian, antiquity of325Marble, beds of418Maricongo, ravine of500Marsden, on elevation of Sumatra305Mastodon Andium, remains of362—— range of378Maypu, Rio, mouth of, with upraised shells307—— gravel fringes of339—— debouchement from the Cordillera449Megalonyx, range of379Megatherium, range of379Miers, Mr., on elevated shells311—— on the height of the Uspallata plain335Minas, Las418Mocha Island, elevation of305—— tertiary form of398—— subsidence at411Molina, on a great flood341Monte Hermoso, elevation of280—— fossils of355Monte Video, elevation of278—— Pampean formation of365—— crystalline rocks of419Morris and Sharpe, Messrs., on the palæozoic fossils of the Falklands424Mud, Pampean352—— long deposited on the same area376Murchison, Sir R., on cleavage436—— on waves transporting gravel299—— on origin of salt formations505—— on the relations of metalliferous veins and intrusive rocks507—— on the absence of granite in the Ural512Nautilus d’Orbignyanus400,405Navidad, tertiary formations of, subsidence of400,411Negro, Rio, pumice of pebbles of281—— gravel of295—— salt lakes of295—— tertiary strata of384North America, fossil remains of379North Wales, sloping terraces absent in340—— bent cleavage of434Neuvo Gulf, plains of282—— tertiary formation of384Owen, Professor, on fossil mammiferous remains356,358,364,366,370Palmer, Mr., on transportation of gravel300Pampas, elevation of290—— earthquakes of290—— formation of295,350—— localities in which fossil mammifers have been found380Panuncillo, mines of481Parana, Rio, on saline incrustations347—— Pampean formations near361—— on the S. Tandil420Parish, Sir W., on elevated shells near Buenos Ayres278,279—— on earthquakes in the Pampas290—— on fresh-water near salt lakes350—— on origin of Pampean formation373Patagonia, elevation and plains of281—— denudation of291—— gravel-formation of295—— sea-cliffs of301—— subsidence during tertiary period411—— crystalline rocks of421Payta, tertiary formations of404Pebbles of pumice280—— decrease in size on the coast of Patagonia293—— means of transportation298—— encrusted with living corallines299—— distribution of, at the eastern foot of Cordillera337—— dispersal of, in the Pampas354—— zoned with colour443Pentland, Mr., on heights in the Cordillera460—— on fossils of the Cordillera465Pernambuco279Peru, tertiary formations of403Peuquenes, Pass of, in the Cordillera448—— ridge of452Pholas, elevated shells of303Pitchstone of Chiloe395—— of Port Desire421—— near Cauquenes448—— layers of, in the Uspallata range472—— of Los Hornos480—— of Coquimbo483Plains of Patagonia282,291—— of Chiloe304—— of Chile333—— of Uspallata335—— on eastern foot of Cordillera336—— of Iquique346Plata, La, elevation of277—— tertiary formation of295,353—— crystalline rocks of418Playfair, Professor, on the transportation of gravel300Pluclaro, axis of483Pondicherry, fossils of400Porcelain rocks of Port Desire422—— of the Uspallata range471,473,476Porphyry, pebbles of, strewed over Patagonia296Porphyry, claystone, of Chiloe395—— —— of Patagonia421—— —— of Chile442,445—— greenstone, of Chile444—— doubly columnar448—— claystone, rare, on the eastern side of the Portillo Pass454—— brick-red and orthitic, of Cumbre Pass458,467—— intrusive, repeatedly injected467—— claystone of the Uspallata range468—— —— of Copiapo489,499—— —— eruptive sources of502Port Desire, elevation and plains of283—— tertiary formation of383—— porphyries of421Portillo Pass in the Cordillera448Portillo chain454,458—— compared with that of the Uspallata478Prefil or sea-wall of Valparaiso310Puente del Inca, section of461Pumice, pebbles of230—— conglomerate of R. Negro382—— hills of, in the Cordillera347Punta Alta, elevation of280—— beds of356Quartz-rock of the S. Ventana421—— C. Blanco421—— Falkland islands424—— Portillo range455—— viscidity of475—— veins of, near Monte Video420—— —— in dike of greenstone426—— grains of, in mica slate430—— —— in dikes432,434—— veins of, relations to cleavage437Quillota, Campana of442Quintero, elevation of311Quiriquina, elevation of306—— deposits of399Rancagua, plain of334Rapel, R., elevation near307Reeks, Mr. T., his analysis of decomposed shells328—— his analysis of salts344Remains, human324Rio de Janeiro, elevation near279—— crystalline rocks of415Rivers, small power of transporting pebbles298—— small power of, in forming valleys343—— drainage of, in the Cordillera449,513Roads, parallel, of Glen Roy319Rocks, volcanic, of Banda Oriental367—— Tres Montes393—— Chiloe394—— Tierra del Fuego426—— with laminar structure440Rodents, fossil, remains of356Rogers, Professor, address to Association of American Geologists412Rose, Professor G., on sulphate of iron at Copiapo489S. Blas, elevation of281S. Cruz, elevation and plains of284—— valley of285—— nature of gravel in valley of296—— boulder formation of371—— tertiary formation of386—— subsidence at412S. Fé Bajada, formations of363S. George’s bay, plains of282S. Helena island, sea-cliffs, and subsidence of301S. Josef, elevation of281—— tertiary formation of383S. Juan, elevation near278S. Julian, elevation and plains of284—— salt lake of348—— earthy deposit with mammiferous remains369—— tertiary formations of384—— subsidence at411S. Lorenzo, elevation of323—— old salt formation of504S. Mary, island of, elevation of305S. Pedro, elevation of278Salado, R., elevated shells of279—— Pampean formation of353Salines348Salt, with upraised shell324,327—— lakes of348—— purity of, in salt lakes349—— deliquescent, necessary for the preservation of meat349—— ancient formation of, at Iquique504—— —— at S. Lorenzo504—— strata of, origin of505Salts, superficial deposits of344Sand-dunes of the Uruguay279—— of the Pampas281—— near Bahia Blanca281,293—— of the Colorado281,294—— of S. Cruz286—— of Arica323Sarmiento, Mount427Schmidtmeyer on auriferous detritus506Schomburghk, Sir R., on sea-bottom299—— on the rocks of Guyana415Scotland, sloping terraces of340Sea, nature of bottom of, off Patagonia292—— power of, in forming valleys343Sea cliffs, formation of301Seale, Mr., model of St. Helena301Sebastian Bay, tertiary formation of391Sedgwick, Professor, on cleavage336Serpentine of Copiapo489Serpulæ, on upraised rocks325Shale-rock, of the Portillo Pass452—— of Copiapo493Shells, upraised state of, in Patagonia288—— elevated, too small for human food308—— transported far inland, for food309—— upraised, proportional numbers varying312,324—— —— gradual decay of323,324,327—— —— absent on high plains of Chile335—— —— near Bahia Blanca358—— preserved in concretions394,397—— living and fossil range of, on west coast406,408—— living, different on the east and west coast411Shingle of Patagonia295Siau, M., on sea-bottom299Silver mines of Arqueros431—— of Chanuncillo494—— of Iquique503—— distribution of506Slip, great, at S. Cruz387Smith, Mr., of Jordan Hill, on upraised shells retaining their colours289—— on Madeira302—— on elevated seaweed325—— on inclined gravel beds467Soda, nitrate of346—— sulphate of, near Bahia Blanca348,349—— carbonate of347Soundings off Patagonia293,299—— in Tierra del Fuego300Spirifers486,488Spix and Martius on Brazil417Sprengel on the production of carbonate of soda328Springs, mineral, in the Cumbre Pass461Stratification of sandstone in metamorphic rocks414—— of clay-slate in Tierra del Fuego428
488—— —— of Iquique503—— cretaceo-oolitic, of Coquimbo486,495—— —— of Guasco487,494—— —— of Copiapo495—— —— of Iquique504Fossils, Neocomian, of Portillo Pass453—— —— of Cumbre Pass465—— secondary, of Coquimbo485—— —— of Guasco487—— —— of Copiapo494—— —— of Iquique503—— palæozoic, from the Falklands424Fragments of hornblende-rock in gneiss414—— of gneiss in gneiss416Freyer, Lieutenant, on elevated shells of Arica323Frezier on sea-level at Coquimbo314Galapagos archipelago, pseudo-dikes of424Gallegos, Port, tertiary formation of390Garnets in gneiss415—— in mica-slate427—— at Panuncillo481Gardichaud, M., on granites of Brazil417Gay, M., on elevated shells306—— on boulders in the Cordillera339,341—— on fossils from Cordillera of Coquimbo487Gill, Mr., on brickwork transported by an earthquake-wave327Gillies, Dr., on heights in the Cordillera448—— on extension of the Portillo range458Glen Roy, parallel roads of319—— sloping terraces of340Gneiss, near Bahia414—— of Rio de Janeiro415—— decomposition of417Gold, distribution of506Gorodona, formations near362Granite, axis of oblique, to foliation431—— andesitic446—— of Portillo range455—— veins of, quartzose432,475—— pebble of, in porphyritic conglomerate493—— conglomerate497Grauwacke of Uspallata range468Gravel at bottom of sea293,298—— formation of, in Patagonia295—— means of transportation of298—— strata of, inclined467Gravel-terraces in Cordillera337Greenough, Mr., on quartz veins437Greenstone, resulting from metamorphose hornblende-rock419—— of Tierra del Fuego426—— on the summit of the Campana of Quillota442—— porphyry443—— relation of, to clay-slate443Gryphæa orientalis483Guasco, elevation of321—— secondary formation of487Guitru-gueyu, Sierra421Guyana, gneissic rocks of415Gypsum, nodules of, in gravel at Rio Negro296—— deposited from sea-water327—— deposits of, at Iquique345—— crystals of, in salt lakes346—— in Pampean formation353—— in tertiary formation of Patagonia382,,,—— great formation of, in the Portillo Pass461,463—— —— in the Cumbre Pass461,463—— —— near Los Hornos479—— —— at Coquimbo482—— —— at Copiapo490,492—— —— near Iquique504—— of San Lorenzo504Hall, Captain, on terraces at Coquimbo316Hamilton, Mr., on elevation near Tacna323Harlan, Dr., on human remains279Hayes, Mr. A., on nitrate of soda346Henslow, Professor, on concretions437Herbert, Captain, on valleys in the Himalaya335Herradura Bay, elevated shells of315—— tertiary formations of402Himalaya, valleys in335Hippurites Chilensis483,486Hitchcock, Professor, on dikes414Honestones, pseudo, of Coquimbo483—— of Copiapo489Hooker, Dr. J. D., on fossil beech-leaves391Hopkins, Mr., on axes of elevation oblique to foliation432—— on origin of lines of elevation440,512Hornblende-rock, fragments of, in gneiss414Hornblende-schist, near M. Video420Hornos, Los, section near479Hornstone, dike of433,434Horse, fossil tooth of358,364Huafo island393,404—— subsidence at411Huantajaya, mines of503Humboldt, on saline incrustations347—— on foliations of gneiss415—— on concretions in gneiss435Icebergs, action on cleavage434,436Illapele, section near479Imperial, beds of shells near305Incrustations, saline347Infusoria in Pampean formation352,355,360,363—— in Patagonian formation382,383,384,391Iodine, salts of347,348Iquique, elevation of322—— saliferous deposits of344—— cretaceo-oolitic formation of503Iron, oxide of, in lavas463,499—— in sedimentary beds480,482—— tendency in, to produce hollow concretions398—— sulphate of489Isabelle, M., on volcanic rocks of Banda Oriental368Joints in clay-slate428Jukes, Mr., on cleavage in Newfoundland437Kamtschatka, andesite of347Kane, Dr., on the production of carbonate of soda328King George’s sound, calcareous beds of312Lakes, origin of300—— fresh-water, near salt lakes350Lava, basaltic, of S. Cruz389—— claystone-porphyry, at Chiloe395—— —— ancient submarine446—— basaltic, of the Portillo range457—— feldspathic, of the Cumbre Pass463—— submarine, of the Uspallata range471,473,476—— basaltic, of the Uspallata range475—— submarine, of Coquimbo484,486—— of Copiapo490,496,499Lemus island393,404Lemuy islet394Lignite of Chiloe395—— of Concepcion398Lima, elevation of323Lime, muriate of328,344,347Limestone of Cumbre Pass462—— of Coquimbo483,485—— of Copiapo493Lund and Clausen on remains of caves in Brazil378,380Lund, M., on granites of Brazil417Lyell, M., on upraised shells retaining their colours289—— on terraces at Coquimbo315—— on elevation near Lima327—— on fossil horse’s tooth364—— on the boulder-formation being anterior to the extinction of North American mammifers371—— on quadrupeds washed down by floods374—— on age of American fossil mammifers379—— on changes of climate409—— on denudation410—— on foliation438MacCulloch, Dr., on concretions437—— on beds of marble440Maclaren, Mr., letter to, on coral-formations413Macrauchenia Patachonica358,370Madeira, subsidence of302Magellan, Strait, elevation near, of288Magnesia, sulphate of, in veins387Malcolmson, Dr., on trees carried out to sea475Maldonado, elevation of277—— Pampean formation of365—— crystalline rocks of418Mammalia, fossil, of Bahia Blanca356,364—— —— near St. Fé363—— —— of Banda Oriental366—— —— of St. Julian369—— —— at Port Gallegos391—— washed down by floods373—— number of remains of, and range of, in Pampas376Man, skeletons of (Brazil)279—— remains of, near Lima325—— Indian, antiquity of325Marble, beds of418Maricongo, ravine of500Marsden, on elevation of Sumatra305Mastodon Andium, remains of362—— range of378Maypu, Rio, mouth of, with upraised shells307—— gravel fringes of339—— debouchement from the Cordillera449Megalonyx, range of379Megatherium, range of379Miers, Mr., on elevated shells311—— on the height of the Uspallata plain335Minas, Las418Mocha Island, elevation of305—— tertiary form of398—— subsidence at411Molina, on a great flood341Monte Hermoso, elevation of280—— fossils of355Monte Video, elevation of278—— Pampean formation of365—— crystalline rocks of419Morris and Sharpe, Messrs., on the palæozoic fossils of the Falklands424Mud, Pampean352—— long deposited on the same area376Murchison, Sir R., on cleavage436—— on waves transporting gravel299—— on origin of salt formations505—— on the relations of metalliferous veins and intrusive rocks507—— on the absence of granite in the Ural512Nautilus d’Orbignyanus400,405Navidad, tertiary formations of, subsidence of400,411Negro, Rio, pumice of pebbles of281—— gravel of295—— salt lakes of295—— tertiary strata of384North America, fossil remains of379North Wales, sloping terraces absent in340—— bent cleavage of434Neuvo Gulf, plains of282—— tertiary formation of384Owen, Professor, on fossil mammiferous remains356,358,364,366,370Palmer, Mr., on transportation of gravel300Pampas, elevation of290—— earthquakes of290—— formation of295,350—— localities in which fossil mammifers have been found380Panuncillo, mines of481Parana, Rio, on saline incrustations347—— Pampean formations near361—— on the S. Tandil420Parish, Sir W., on elevated shells near Buenos Ayres278,279—— on earthquakes in the Pampas290—— on fresh-water near salt lakes350—— on origin of Pampean formation373Patagonia, elevation and plains of281—— denudation of291—— gravel-formation of295—— sea-cliffs of301—— subsidence during tertiary period411—— crystalline rocks of421Payta, tertiary formations of404Pebbles of pumice280—— decrease in size on the coast of Patagonia293—— means of transportation298—— encrusted with living corallines299—— distribution of, at the eastern foot of Cordillera337—— dispersal of, in the Pampas354—— zoned with colour443Pentland, Mr., on heights in the Cordillera460—— on fossils of the Cordillera465Pernambuco279Peru, tertiary formations of403Peuquenes, Pass of, in the Cordillera448—— ridge of452Pholas, elevated shells of303Pitchstone of Chiloe395—— of Port Desire421—— near Cauquenes448—— layers of, in the Uspallata range472—— of Los Hornos480—— of Coquimbo483Plains of Patagonia282,291—— of Chiloe304—— of Chile333—— of Uspallata335—— on eastern foot of Cordillera336—— of Iquique346Plata, La, elevation of277—— tertiary formation of295,353—— crystalline rocks of418Playfair, Professor, on the transportation of gravel300Pluclaro, axis of483Pondicherry, fossils of400Porcelain rocks of Port Desire422—— of the Uspallata range471,473,476Porphyry, pebbles of, strewed over Patagonia296Porphyry, claystone, of Chiloe395—— —— of Patagonia421—— —— of Chile442,445—— greenstone, of Chile444—— doubly columnar448—— claystone, rare, on the eastern side of the Portillo Pass454—— brick-red and orthitic, of Cumbre Pass458,467—— intrusive, repeatedly injected467—— claystone of the Uspallata range468—— —— of Copiapo489,499—— —— eruptive sources of502Port Desire, elevation and plains of283—— tertiary formation of383—— porphyries of421Portillo Pass in the Cordillera448Portillo chain454,458—— compared with that of the Uspallata478Prefil or sea-wall of Valparaiso310Puente del Inca, section of461Pumice, pebbles of230—— conglomerate of R. Negro382—— hills of, in the Cordillera347Punta Alta, elevation of280—— beds of356Quartz-rock of the S. Ventana421—— C. Blanco421—— Falkland islands424—— Portillo range455—— viscidity of475—— veins of, near Monte Video420—— —— in dike of greenstone426—— grains of, in mica slate430—— —— in dikes432,434—— veins of, relations to cleavage437Quillota, Campana of442Quintero, elevation of311Quiriquina, elevation of306—— deposits of399Rancagua, plain of334Rapel, R., elevation near307Reeks, Mr. T., his analysis of decomposed shells328—— his analysis of salts344Remains, human324Rio de Janeiro, elevation near279—— crystalline rocks of415Rivers, small power of transporting pebbles298—— small power of, in forming valleys343—— drainage of, in the Cordillera449,513Roads, parallel, of Glen Roy319Rocks, volcanic, of Banda Oriental367—— Tres Montes393—— Chiloe394—— Tierra del Fuego426—— with laminar structure440Rodents, fossil, remains of356Rogers, Professor, address to Association of American Geologists412Rose, Professor G., on sulphate of iron at Copiapo489S. Blas, elevation of281S. Cruz, elevation and plains of284—— valley of285—— nature of gravel in valley of296—— boulder formation of371—— tertiary formation of386—— subsidence at412S. Fé Bajada, formations of363S. George’s bay, plains of282S. Helena island, sea-cliffs, and subsidence of301S. Josef, elevation of281—— tertiary formation of383S. Juan, elevation near278S. Julian, elevation and plains of284—— salt lake of348—— earthy deposit with mammiferous remains369—— tertiary formations of384—— subsidence at411S. Lorenzo, elevation of323—— old salt formation of504S. Mary, island of, elevation of305S. Pedro, elevation of278Salado, R., elevated shells of279—— Pampean formation of353Salines348Salt, with upraised shell324,327—— lakes of348—— purity of, in salt lakes349—— deliquescent, necessary for the preservation of meat349—— ancient formation of, at Iquique504—— —— at S. Lorenzo504—— strata of, origin of505Salts, superficial deposits of344Sand-dunes of the Uruguay279—— of the Pampas281—— near Bahia Blanca281,293—— of the Colorado281,294—— of S. Cruz286—— of Arica323Sarmiento, Mount427Schmidtmeyer on auriferous detritus506Schomburghk, Sir R., on sea-bottom299—— on the rocks of Guyana415Scotland, sloping terraces of340Sea, nature of bottom of, off Patagonia292—— power of, in forming valleys343Sea cliffs, formation of301Seale, Mr., model of St. Helena301Sebastian Bay, tertiary formation of391Sedgwick, Professor, on cleavage336Serpentine of Copiapo489Serpulæ, on upraised rocks325Shale-rock, of the Portillo Pass452—— of Copiapo493Shells, upraised state of, in Patagonia288—— elevated, too small for human food308—— transported far inland, for food309—— upraised, proportional numbers varying312,324—— —— gradual decay of323,324,327—— —— absent on high plains of Chile335—— —— near Bahia Blanca358—— preserved in concretions394,397—— living and fossil range of, on west coast406,408—— living, different on the east and west coast411Shingle of Patagonia295Siau, M., on sea-bottom299Silver mines of Arqueros431—— of Chanuncillo494—— of Iquique503—— distribution of506Slip, great, at S. Cruz387Smith, Mr., of Jordan Hill, on upraised shells retaining their colours289—— on Madeira302—— on elevated seaweed325—— on inclined gravel beds467Soda, nitrate of346—— sulphate of, near Bahia Blanca348,349—— carbonate of347Soundings off Patagonia293,299—— in Tierra del Fuego300Spirifers486,488Spix and Martius on Brazil417Sprengel on the production of carbonate of soda328Springs, mineral, in the Cumbre Pass461Stratification of sandstone in metamorphic rocks414—— of clay-slate in Tierra del Fuego428