INDEXTO CORAL-REEFS.The names in italics are all names of places, and refer exclusively to the Appendix: in well-defined archipelagoes, or groups of islands, the name of each separate island is not given.Abrolhos, Brazil, coated by corals50Abrolhos (Australia)130Absence of coral-reefs from certain coasts51Acaba, gulf of147Admiralty group124Africa, east coast, fringing-reef of48—— Madreporitic rock of101Africa, east coast141Age of individual corals57,64Aiou128Aitutaki114Aldabra139Alert reef123Alexander, Grand Duke, island115Allan, Dr., on Holuthuriæ feeding on corals21—— on quick growth of corals at Madagascar62—— on reefs affected by currents9Alloufatou119Alphonse139Amargoura (Amargura)119Amboina128America, west coast111Amirantes138Anachorites125Anambas133Anamouka, description of99Anamouka119Anadaman islands132Antilles153Appoo reef134Arabia Felix143Areas, great extent of, interspersed with low islands—— of subsidence and of elevation106—— of subsidence appear to be elongated106—— of subsidence alternating with areas of elevation108Arru group128Arzobispo127Ascidia, depth at which found67Assomption139Astova139Atlantic islands121Atolls, breaches in their reefs31,81—— dimensions of25—— dimensions of groups of71—— not based on craters or on banks of sediment, or of ck69,71,72,73,108—— of irregular forms25,84—— steepness of their flanks26—— width of their reef and islets25—— their lowness70—— lagoons29—— general range94—— with part of their reef submerged, and theory of29,81Augustine, St.120Aurora island, an upraised atoll64,71,104Aurora112Austral islands, recently elevated99Austral islands114Australia, N.W. coast130Australian barrier-reef42,93Australian barrier123Babuyan group134Bahama banks149,150Balahac133Bally131Baring121Barrier-reef of Australia42,93—— of New Caledonia44Barrier-reefs, breaches through77—— not based on worn down margin of rock43—— on banks of sediment43—— on submarine craters44—— steepness of their flanks39—— their probable vertical thickness43,76—— theory of their formation76,78Bampton shoal123Banks islands122Banks in the West Indies147Bashee islands134Bass island115Batoa119Beaupré reef123Beechey, Captain, obligations of the author to26—— on submerged reefs27—— account of Matilda island60Belcher, Captain, on boring through coral-reef59Belize reef, off151Bellinghausen113Bermuda islands153Beveridge reef118Bligh122Bolabola, view of12Bombay shoal136Bonin Bay131Bonin group127Borings through coral-reefs59Borneo, W. coast, recently elevated101Borneo, E. coast131——S.W. and W. coast133——N. coast133——western bank136Boscawen119Boston121Bouka124Bourbon138Bourou128Bouton132Brazil, fringing-reefs on coast of48Breaches through barrier-reefs71Brook115Bunker115Bunoa133Byron121Cagayanes133Candelaria124Cargados Carajos138Caroline archipelago125Caroline island115Carteret shoal128Caryophyllia, depth at which it lives66Cavilli133Cayman island152Celebes129Ceram128Ceylon, recently elevated101Ceylon137Chagos Great Bank, description and theory of37,85Chagos group86Chagos group137Chama-shells embedded in coral-rock68Chamisso, on corals preferring the surf52Changes in the state of Keeling atoll21—— of atolls74Channels leading into the lagoons of atolls30,82—— —— into the Maldiva atolls33,35—— through barrier-reefs77Chase120China sea135Christmas atoll60,97Christmas atoll116Christmas island(Indian Ocean)137Clarence116Clipperton rock111Cocos, or Keeling atoll15Cocos (or Keeling)137Cocos island(Pacific)111Cochin China, encroachments of the sea on the coast95Cochin China183Coetivi139Comoro group139Composition of coral-formations88Conglomerate coral-rock on Keeling atoll20—— on other atolls28—— coral-rock88Cook islands, recently elevated98,103Cook islands114Coral-blocks bored by vermiform animals21,88Coral-reefs, their distribution and absence from certain areas50—— destroyed by loose sediment53Coral-rock at Keeling atoll20—— Mauritius47—— organic remains of88Corals dead but upright in Keeling lagoon22—— depths at which they live64—— off Keeling atoll17—— killed by a short exposure16—— living in the lagoon of Keeling atoll20—— quick growth of, in Keeling lagoon21—— merely coating the bottom of the sea50—— standing exposed in the Low archipelago96Corallian sea94Corallian sea123Cornwallis121Cosmoledo139Couthouy, Mr., alleged proofs of recent elevation of the Low archipelago96—— on coral-rock at Mangaia and Aurora islands64—— on external ledges round coral-islands80—— remarks confirmatory of the author’s theory96Crescent-formed reefs84Cuba150Cuming, Mr., on the recent elevation of the Philippines101Dangerous, or Low archipelago111Danger islands116Depths at which reef-building corals live63—— at Mauritius, the Red Sea, and in the Maldiva archipelago66—— at which other corals and corallines can live67Dhalac group144Diego Garcia, slow growth of reef56Dimensions of the larger groups of atolls71Disseverment of the Maldiva atolls, and theory of37,82Distribution of coral-reefs50Domingo, St.152Dory, Port, recently elevated100Dory, Port127Duff islands122Durour125Eap126arthquakes at Keeling atoll23—— in groups of atolls75—— in Navigator archipelago100ast Indian archipelago, recently elevated100Easter111Echequier125hrenberg, on the banks of the Red Sea49,143—— on depths at which corals live in the Red Sea66—— on corals preferring the surf53—— on the antiquity of certain corals57Eimeo112levated reef of Mauritius47levations, recent proofs of98—— immense areas of106Elivi126lizabeth island59—— recently elevated98,104Elizabeth island112Ellice group120ncircled islands, their height41—— geological composition42,44ua, description of99Eoua118upted matter probably not associated with thick masses of coral-rock89Fais, recently elevated100,104Fais126Fanning116Farallon de Medinilla127Farson group144Fataka122Fiji archipelago119Fish, feeding on corals21—— killed in Keeling lagoon by heavy rain24Fissures across coral-islands75Fitzroy, Captain, on a submerged shed at Keeling atoll23—— on an inundation in the Low archipelago74Flint115Flores130Florida149Folger127Formosa135Forster, theory of coral-formations73Frederick reef123Freewill128Friendly group recently elevated99,105Friendly archipelago118Fringing-reefs, absent where coast precipitous5—— breached in front of streams54—— described by MM. Quoy and Gaimard98—— not closely attached to shelving coasts46—— of east coast of Africa—— of Cuba48—— of Mauritius45—— on worn down banks of rock9—— on banks of sediment49—— their appearance when elevated7—— their growth influenced by currents49—— by shallowness of sea49Galapagos archipelago111Galega139Gambier islands, section of43Gambier islands112Gardner116Gaspar rico121Geological composition of coral-formationsGilbert archipelago120Gilolo129Glorioso139Gloucester island74Glover reef152Gomez111Gouap126Goulou126Grampus127Gran Cocal120Great Chagos Bank, description and theory of37,85Grey, Captain, on sandbars46Grouping of the different classes of reefs93Guedes128Hall, Captain B., on Loo Choo101Harvey islands, recently elevated104Height of encircled islands41Hermites125Hervey or Cook islands114Hogoleu125Holothuriæ (Holuthuriæ) feeding on coral21Houden island, height of71Honduras, reef off151Horn119Houtman Abrolhos130Huaheine; alleged proofs of its recent elevation103Huaheine113Humphrey115Hunter119Hurricanes, effects of, on coral-islands74Immaum143Independence120India, west coast, recently elevated101India143Irregular reefs in shallow seas49Islets of coral-rock, their formation19—— their destruction in the Maldiva atolls36Jamaica152Jarvis115Java, recently elevated100Java131Johnston island116Juan de Nova139Juan de Nova (Madagascar)140Kalatoa131Kamtschatka, proofs of its recent elevation105Karkalang129Keeling atoll, section of reef15Keeling, south atoll137——north atoll137Keffing128Kemin115,116Kennedy123Keppel119Kumi135Laccadive group137Ladrones, or Marianas, recently elevated100Ladrones archipelago127Lagoon of Keeling atoll20Lagoons bordered by inclined ledges and walls, and theory of their formation32,79—— of small atolls filled up with sediment32Lagoon-channels within barrier-reefs40Lagoon-reefs, all submerged in some atolls, and rising to the surface in others55Lancaster reef115Latte119Lauglan islands123Ledges round certain lagoons32,79Lette129Lighthouse reef152Lloyd, Mr., on corals refixing themselves62Loo Choo, recently elevated101Loo Choo135Louisiade123Low archipelago, alleged proofs of its recent elevation96Low archipelago111Lowness of coral-islands70Loyalty group123Lucepara133Lutké, Admiral, on fissures across coral-islands75Luzon, recently elevated101Luzon134Lyell, Mr., on channels into the lagoons of atolls31—— on the lowness of their leeward sides82—— on the antiquity of certain corals58—— on the apparent continuity of distinct coral-islands89—— on the recently elevated beds of the Red Sea102—— on the outline of the areas of subsidence106Macassar strait131Macclesfield bank136Madagascar, quick growth of corals at62—— madreporitic rock of101Madagascar140Madjiko-sima135Madura (Java)131Madura (India)137Mahlos Mahdoo, theory of formation88Malacca, recently elevated100Malacca133Malcolmson, Dr., on recent elevation of W. coast of India100—— on recent elevation of Camaran island102Malden115Maldiva atolls, and theory of their formation33,80,82—— steepness of their flanks26—— growth of coral at62Maldiva archipelago137Mangaia island64—— recently elevated99,104Mangaia114Mangs127Marianas, recently elevated100Mariana archipelago127Mariere126Marquesas archipelago113Marshall archipelago121Marshall island127Martinique153Martires126Mary’s St. in Madagascar, harbour made in reefs54Mary island116Matia, or Aurora112Matilda atoll60Mauritius, fringing-reefs of45—— depths at which corals live there64—— recently elevated101Mauritius138Maurua, section of43Maurua113Menchikoff atoll25,Mendana archipelago113Mendana isles122Mexico, gulf of149Millepora complanata at Keeling atoll16Mindoro134Mohilla (Mohila)139Molucca islands, recently elevated100Mopeha113Moresby, Captain, on boring through coral-reefs59Morty129Mosquito coast152Musquillo atoll84Mysol129Namourrek group84Natunas133Navigator archipelago, elevation of99Navigator archipelago117Nederlandisch120Nelson, Lieutenant, on the consolidation of coral-rocks under water59—— theory of coral-formations73—— on the Bermuda islands154New Britain124New Caledonia, steepness of its reefs39—— —— barrier-reef of,79,83,93New Caledonia123New Guinea (E. end)124New Guinea (W. end)127New Hanover124New Hebrides, recently elevated100New Hebrides121New Ireland, recently elevated100New Ireland124New Nantucket116Nicobar islands132Niouha119Nulliporæ at Keeling atoll18—— on the reefs of atolls28—— on barrier-reefs39—— their wide distribution and abundance68Objections to the theory of subsidence7Ocean islands117,121Ono120Onouafu (Onouafou)119Ormuz143Oscar group120Oscillations of level103,108Ouallan, or Ualan (Oualan)125Ouluthy atoll60Outong Java124Palawan, S.W. coast133—— N.W. coast134—— western bank136Palmerston114Palmyra116Paracells136Paraquas136Patchow135Pelew islands126Pemba island, singular form of102Pemba142Penrhyn115Peregrino115Pernambuco, bar of sandstone at47Persian gulf, recently elevated102Persian gulf143Pescado115Pescadores135Peyster group120Philip126Philippine archipelago, recently elevated101Philippine archipelago134Phœnix116Piguiram126Pitcairn112Pitt’s bank86Pitt island120Platte139Pleasant121Porites, chief coral on margin of Keeling atoll16Postillions131Pouynipète95—— its probable subsidence95Pouynipète125Pratas shoal135Proby119Providence139Puerto Rico152Pulo Anna126Pumice floated to coral-islands88Pylstaart118Pyrard de Laval, astonishment at the atolls in the Indian Ocean11Quoy and Gaimard, depths at which corals live66—— description of reefs applicable only to fringing-reefs98Range of atolls94Rapa115Rearson115Red Sea, banks of rock coated by reefs49—— proofs of its recent elevation102—— supposed subsidence of103Red Sea143Reefs, irregular in shallow seas49—— rising to the surface in some lagoons and all submerged in others55—— their distribution50—— their absence from some coasts51Revilla-gigedo111Ring-formed reefs of the Maldiva atolls, and theory of,80Rodriguez138Rosario127Rose island118Rotches120Rotoumah120Roug125Rowley shoals130Rüppell, Dr., on the recent deposits of Red Sea102Sable, ile de138Sahia de Malha137St. Pierre139Sala111Salomon (Solomon) archipelago123Samoa, or Navigator archipelago, elevation of99Samoa archipelago117Sand-bars parallel to coasts46Sandal-wood129Sandwich archipelago, recently elevated98Sandwich archipelago117Sanserot126Santa-Cruz group122Savage island, recently elevated59,99,104Savage118Savu129Saya, or Sahia de Malha137Scarborough shoal136Scarus feeding on corals21Schouten124Scilly113Scoriæ floated to coral-islands89Scott’s reef130Sections of islands encircled by barrier-reefs43,176—— of Bolabola76Sediment in Keeling lagoon21—— in other atolls29,35—— injurious to corals53—— transported from coral-islands far seaward89Seniavine125Serangani129Seychelles138Ship-bottom quickly coated with coral62Smyth island116Society archipelago, stationary condition of96—— alleged proofs of recent elevation103Society archipelago112Socotra143Solor130Sooloo islands, recently elevated101Sooloo islands133Souvaroff115Spanish126Sponge, depths at which found67Starbuck (Slarbuck)115Stones transported in roots of trees89Storms, effects of, on coral-islands74Stutchbury, Mr., on the growth of an Agaricia63—— on upraised corals in Society archipelago103Subsidence of Keeling atoll28—— extreme slowness of87,108—— areas of, apparently elongated106—— areas of immense106—— great amount of108Suez, gulf of147Sulphur islands127Sumatra, recently elevated100Sumatra132Sumbawa130Surf favourable to the growth of massive corals52Swallow shoal136Sydney island116Tahiti, alleged proofs of its recent elevation103Tahiti112Temperature of the sea at the Galapagos archipelago51Tenasserim133Tenimber island128Teturoa113Theories on coral-formations69,73Theory of subsidence, and objections to72,86Thickness, vertical, of barrier-reefs43,76Thomas, St.153Tikopia122Timor, recently elevated100Timor129Timor-laut128Tokan-Bessees131Tongatabou118Tonquin137Toubai113Toufoa (Toofoa)119Toupoua122Traditions of change in coral-islands73Tridacnæ embedded in coral-rock63—— left exposed in the Low archipelago96Tubularia, quick growth of63Tumbelan133Turneffe reef152Turtle119Ualan125Vanikoro, section of43—— its state and changes in its reefs95Vanikoro122Vine reef125Virgin Gorda153Viti archipelago119Volcanic islands, with living corals on their shores51—— matter, probably not associated with thick masses of coral-rock88Volcanoes, authorities for their position on the map90—— their presence determined by the movements in progress104—— absent or extinct in the areas of subsidence105Waigiou128Wallis island119Washington116Wells’ reef123Wellstead, Lieutenant, account of a ship coated with corals62West Indies, banks of sediment fringed by reefs49—— recently elevated102West Indies147Whitsunday island, view of12—— changes in its state74Williams, Rev. J., on traditions of the natives regarding coral-islands74—— on antiquity of certain corals64Wolchonsky111Wostock115Xulla islands128York island116Yucutan, coast of151Zones of different kinds of corals outside the same reefs55,60
The names in italics are all names of places, and refer exclusively to the Appendix: in well-defined archipelagoes, or groups of islands, the name of each separate island is not given.
Abrolhos, Brazil, coated by corals50Abrolhos (Australia)130Absence of coral-reefs from certain coasts51Acaba, gulf of147Admiralty group124Africa, east coast, fringing-reef of48—— Madreporitic rock of101Africa, east coast141Age of individual corals57,64Aiou128Aitutaki114Aldabra139Alert reef123Alexander, Grand Duke, island115Allan, Dr., on Holuthuriæ feeding on corals21—— on quick growth of corals at Madagascar62—— on reefs affected by currents9Alloufatou119Alphonse139Amargoura (Amargura)119Amboina128America, west coast111Amirantes138Anachorites125Anambas133Anamouka, description of99Anamouka119Anadaman islands132Antilles153Appoo reef134Arabia Felix143Areas, great extent of, interspersed with low islands—— of subsidence and of elevation106—— of subsidence appear to be elongated106—— of subsidence alternating with areas of elevation108Arru group128Arzobispo127Ascidia, depth at which found67Assomption139Astova139Atlantic islands121Atolls, breaches in their reefs31,81—— dimensions of25—— dimensions of groups of71—— not based on craters or on banks of sediment, or of ck69,71,72,73,108—— of irregular forms25,84—— steepness of their flanks26—— width of their reef and islets25—— their lowness70—— lagoons29—— general range94—— with part of their reef submerged, and theory of29,81Augustine, St.120Aurora island, an upraised atoll64,71,104Aurora112Austral islands, recently elevated99Austral islands114Australia, N.W. coast130Australian barrier-reef42,93Australian barrier123Babuyan group134Bahama banks149,150Balahac133Bally131Baring121Barrier-reef of Australia42,93—— of New Caledonia44Barrier-reefs, breaches through77—— not based on worn down margin of rock43—— on banks of sediment43—— on submarine craters44—— steepness of their flanks39—— their probable vertical thickness43,76—— theory of their formation76,78Bampton shoal123Banks islands122Banks in the West Indies147Bashee islands134Bass island115Batoa119Beaupré reef123Beechey, Captain, obligations of the author to26—— on submerged reefs27—— account of Matilda island60Belcher, Captain, on boring through coral-reef59Belize reef, off151Bellinghausen113Bermuda islands153Beveridge reef118Bligh122Bolabola, view of12Bombay shoal136Bonin Bay131Bonin group127Borings through coral-reefs59Borneo, W. coast, recently elevated101Borneo, E. coast131——S.W. and W. coast133——N. coast133——western bank136Boscawen119Boston121Bouka124Bourbon138Bourou128Bouton132Brazil, fringing-reefs on coast of48Breaches through barrier-reefs71Brook115Bunker115Bunoa133Byron121Cagayanes133Candelaria124Cargados Carajos138Caroline archipelago125Caroline island115Carteret shoal128Caryophyllia, depth at which it lives66Cavilli133Cayman island152Celebes129Ceram128Ceylon, recently elevated101Ceylon137Chagos Great Bank, description and theory of37,85Chagos group86Chagos group137Chama-shells embedded in coral-rock68Chamisso, on corals preferring the surf52Changes in the state of Keeling atoll21—— of atolls74Channels leading into the lagoons of atolls30,82—— —— into the Maldiva atolls33,35—— through barrier-reefs77Chase120China sea135Christmas atoll60,97Christmas atoll116Christmas island(Indian Ocean)137Clarence116Clipperton rock111Cocos, or Keeling atoll15Cocos (or Keeling)137Cocos island(Pacific)111Cochin China, encroachments of the sea on the coast95Cochin China183Coetivi139Comoro group139Composition of coral-formations88Conglomerate coral-rock on Keeling atoll20—— on other atolls28—— coral-rock88Cook islands, recently elevated98,103Cook islands114Coral-blocks bored by vermiform animals21,88Coral-reefs, their distribution and absence from certain areas50—— destroyed by loose sediment53Coral-rock at Keeling atoll20—— Mauritius47—— organic remains of88Corals dead but upright in Keeling lagoon22—— depths at which they live64—— off Keeling atoll17—— killed by a short exposure16—— living in the lagoon of Keeling atoll20—— quick growth of, in Keeling lagoon21—— merely coating the bottom of the sea50—— standing exposed in the Low archipelago96Corallian sea94Corallian sea123Cornwallis121Cosmoledo139Couthouy, Mr., alleged proofs of recent elevation of the Low archipelago96—— on coral-rock at Mangaia and Aurora islands64—— on external ledges round coral-islands80—— remarks confirmatory of the author’s theory96Crescent-formed reefs84Cuba150Cuming, Mr., on the recent elevation of the Philippines101Dangerous, or Low archipelago111Danger islands116Depths at which reef-building corals live63—— at Mauritius, the Red Sea, and in the Maldiva archipelago66—— at which other corals and corallines can live67Dhalac group144Diego Garcia, slow growth of reef56Dimensions of the larger groups of atolls71Disseverment of the Maldiva atolls, and theory of37,82Distribution of coral-reefs50Domingo, St.152Dory, Port, recently elevated100Dory, Port127Duff islands122Durour125Eap126arthquakes at Keeling atoll23—— in groups of atolls75—— in Navigator archipelago100ast Indian archipelago, recently elevated100Easter111Echequier125hrenberg, on the banks of the Red Sea49,143—— on depths at which corals live in the Red Sea66—— on corals preferring the surf53—— on the antiquity of certain corals57Eimeo112levated reef of Mauritius47levations, recent proofs of98—— immense areas of106Elivi126lizabeth island59—— recently elevated98,104Elizabeth island112Ellice group120ncircled islands, their height41—— geological composition42,44ua, description of99Eoua118upted matter probably not associated with thick masses of coral-rock89Fais, recently elevated100,104Fais126Fanning116Farallon de Medinilla127Farson group144Fataka122Fiji archipelago119Fish, feeding on corals21—— killed in Keeling lagoon by heavy rain24Fissures across coral-islands75Fitzroy, Captain, on a submerged shed at Keeling atoll23—— on an inundation in the Low archipelago74Flint115Flores130Florida149Folger127Formosa135Forster, theory of coral-formations73Frederick reef123Freewill128Friendly group recently elevated99,105Friendly archipelago118Fringing-reefs, absent where coast precipitous5—— breached in front of streams54—— described by MM. Quoy and Gaimard98—— not closely attached to shelving coasts46—— of east coast of Africa—— of Cuba48—— of Mauritius45—— on worn down banks of rock9—— on banks of sediment49—— their appearance when elevated7—— their growth influenced by currents49—— by shallowness of sea49Galapagos archipelago111Galega139Gambier islands, section of43Gambier islands112Gardner116Gaspar rico121Geological composition of coral-formationsGilbert archipelago120Gilolo129Glorioso139Gloucester island74Glover reef152Gomez111Gouap126Goulou126Grampus127Gran Cocal120Great Chagos Bank, description and theory of37,85Grey, Captain, on sandbars46Grouping of the different classes of reefs93Guedes128Hall, Captain B., on Loo Choo101Harvey islands, recently elevated104Height of encircled islands41Hermites125Hervey or Cook islands114Hogoleu125Holothuriæ (Holuthuriæ) feeding on coral21Houden island, height of71Honduras, reef off151Horn119Houtman Abrolhos130Huaheine; alleged proofs of its recent elevation103Huaheine113Humphrey115Hunter119Hurricanes, effects of, on coral-islands74Immaum143Independence120India, west coast, recently elevated101India143Irregular reefs in shallow seas49Islets of coral-rock, their formation19—— their destruction in the Maldiva atolls36Jamaica152Jarvis115Java, recently elevated100Java131Johnston island116Juan de Nova139Juan de Nova (Madagascar)140Kalatoa131Kamtschatka, proofs of its recent elevation105Karkalang129Keeling atoll, section of reef15Keeling, south atoll137——north atoll137Keffing128Kemin115,116Kennedy123Keppel119Kumi135Laccadive group137Ladrones, or Marianas, recently elevated100Ladrones archipelago127Lagoon of Keeling atoll20Lagoons bordered by inclined ledges and walls, and theory of their formation32,79—— of small atolls filled up with sediment32Lagoon-channels within barrier-reefs40Lagoon-reefs, all submerged in some atolls, and rising to the surface in others55Lancaster reef115Latte119Lauglan islands123Ledges round certain lagoons32,79Lette129Lighthouse reef152Lloyd, Mr., on corals refixing themselves62Loo Choo, recently elevated101Loo Choo135Louisiade123Low archipelago, alleged proofs of its recent elevation96Low archipelago111Lowness of coral-islands70Loyalty group123Lucepara133Lutké, Admiral, on fissures across coral-islands75Luzon, recently elevated101Luzon134Lyell, Mr., on channels into the lagoons of atolls31—— on the lowness of their leeward sides82—— on the antiquity of certain corals58—— on the apparent continuity of distinct coral-islands89—— on the recently elevated beds of the Red Sea102—— on the outline of the areas of subsidence106Macassar strait131Macclesfield bank136Madagascar, quick growth of corals at62—— madreporitic rock of101Madagascar140Madjiko-sima135Madura (Java)131Madura (India)137Mahlos Mahdoo, theory of formation88Malacca, recently elevated100Malacca133Malcolmson, Dr., on recent elevation of W. coast of India100—— on recent elevation of Camaran island102Malden115Maldiva atolls, and theory of their formation33,80,82—— steepness of their flanks26—— growth of coral at62Maldiva archipelago137Mangaia island64—— recently elevated99,104Mangaia114Mangs127Marianas, recently elevated100Mariana archipelago127Mariere126Marquesas archipelago113Marshall archipelago121Marshall island127Martinique153Martires126Mary’s St. in Madagascar, harbour made in reefs54Mary island116Matia, or Aurora112Matilda atoll60Mauritius, fringing-reefs of45—— depths at which corals live there64—— recently elevated101Mauritius138Maurua, section of43Maurua113Menchikoff atoll25,Mendana archipelago113Mendana isles122Mexico, gulf of149Millepora complanata at Keeling atoll16Mindoro134Mohilla (Mohila)139Molucca islands, recently elevated100Mopeha113Moresby, Captain, on boring through coral-reefs59Morty129Mosquito coast152Musquillo atoll84Mysol129Namourrek group84Natunas133Navigator archipelago, elevation of99Navigator archipelago117Nederlandisch120Nelson, Lieutenant, on the consolidation of coral-rocks under water59—— theory of coral-formations73—— on the Bermuda islands154New Britain124New Caledonia, steepness of its reefs39—— —— barrier-reef of,79,83,93New Caledonia123New Guinea (E. end)124New Guinea (W. end)127New Hanover124New Hebrides, recently elevated100New Hebrides121New Ireland, recently elevated100New Ireland124New Nantucket116Nicobar islands132Niouha119Nulliporæ at Keeling atoll18—— on the reefs of atolls28—— on barrier-reefs39—— their wide distribution and abundance68Objections to the theory of subsidence7Ocean islands117,121Ono120Onouafu (Onouafou)119Ormuz143Oscar group120Oscillations of level103,108Ouallan, or Ualan (Oualan)125Ouluthy atoll60Outong Java124Palawan, S.W. coast133—— N.W. coast134—— western bank136Palmerston114Palmyra116Paracells136Paraquas136Patchow135Pelew islands126Pemba island, singular form of102Pemba142Penrhyn115Peregrino115Pernambuco, bar of sandstone at47Persian gulf, recently elevated102Persian gulf143Pescado115Pescadores135Peyster group120Philip126Philippine archipelago, recently elevated101Philippine archipelago134Phœnix116Piguiram126Pitcairn112Pitt’s bank86Pitt island120Platte139Pleasant121Porites, chief coral on margin of Keeling atoll16Postillions131Pouynipète95—— its probable subsidence95Pouynipète125Pratas shoal135Proby119Providence139Puerto Rico152Pulo Anna126Pumice floated to coral-islands88Pylstaart118Pyrard de Laval, astonishment at the atolls in the Indian Ocean11Quoy and Gaimard, depths at which corals live66—— description of reefs applicable only to fringing-reefs98Range of atolls94Rapa115Rearson115Red Sea, banks of rock coated by reefs49—— proofs of its recent elevation102—— supposed subsidence of103Red Sea143Reefs, irregular in shallow seas49—— rising to the surface in some lagoons and all submerged in others55—— their distribution50—— their absence from some coasts51Revilla-gigedo111Ring-formed reefs of the Maldiva atolls, and theory of,80Rodriguez138Rosario127Rose island118Rotches120Rotoumah120Roug125Rowley shoals130Rüppell, Dr., on the recent deposits of Red Sea102Sable, ile de138Sahia de Malha137St. Pierre139Sala111Salomon (Solomon) archipelago123Samoa, or Navigator archipelago, elevation of99Samoa archipelago117Sand-bars parallel to coasts46Sandal-wood129Sandwich archipelago, recently elevated98Sandwich archipelago117Sanserot126Santa-Cruz group122Savage island, recently elevated59,99,104Savage118Savu129Saya, or Sahia de Malha137Scarborough shoal136Scarus feeding on corals21Schouten124Scilly113Scoriæ floated to coral-islands89Scott’s reef130Sections of islands encircled by barrier-reefs43,176—— of Bolabola76Sediment in Keeling lagoon21—— in other atolls29,35—— injurious to corals53—— transported from coral-islands far seaward89Seniavine125Serangani129Seychelles138Ship-bottom quickly coated with coral62Smyth island116Society archipelago, stationary condition of96—— alleged proofs of recent elevation103Society archipelago112Socotra143Solor130Sooloo islands, recently elevated101Sooloo islands133Souvaroff115Spanish126Sponge, depths at which found67Starbuck (Slarbuck)115Stones transported in roots of trees89Storms, effects of, on coral-islands74Stutchbury, Mr., on the growth of an Agaricia63—— on upraised corals in Society archipelago103Subsidence of Keeling atoll28—— extreme slowness of87,108—— areas of, apparently elongated106—— areas of immense106—— great amount of108Suez, gulf of147Sulphur islands127Sumatra, recently elevated100Sumatra132Sumbawa130Surf favourable to the growth of massive corals52Swallow shoal136Sydney island116Tahiti, alleged proofs of its recent elevation103Tahiti112Temperature of the sea at the Galapagos archipelago51Tenasserim133Tenimber island128Teturoa113Theories on coral-formations69,73Theory of subsidence, and objections to72,86Thickness, vertical, of barrier-reefs43,76Thomas, St.153Tikopia122Timor, recently elevated100Timor129Timor-laut128Tokan-Bessees131Tongatabou118Tonquin137Toubai113Toufoa (Toofoa)119Toupoua122Traditions of change in coral-islands73Tridacnæ embedded in coral-rock63—— left exposed in the Low archipelago96Tubularia, quick growth of63Tumbelan133Turneffe reef152Turtle119Ualan125Vanikoro, section of43—— its state and changes in its reefs95Vanikoro122Vine reef125Virgin Gorda153Viti archipelago119Volcanic islands, with living corals on their shores51—— matter, probably not associated with thick masses of coral-rock88Volcanoes, authorities for their position on the map90—— their presence determined by the movements in progress104—— absent or extinct in the areas of subsidence105Waigiou128Wallis island119Washington116Wells’ reef123Wellstead, Lieutenant, account of a ship coated with corals62West Indies, banks of sediment fringed by reefs49—— recently elevated102West Indies147Whitsunday island, view of12—— changes in its state74Williams, Rev. J., on traditions of the natives regarding coral-islands74—— on antiquity of certain corals64Wolchonsky111Wostock115Xulla islands128York island116Yucutan, coast of151Zones of different kinds of corals outside the same reefs55,60