BIBLIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX
The following notes do not attempt to give a full bibliography, but merely a selection of works that will be found useful by the readers of this Primer.
Le Opere di Dante, testo critico della Società Dantesca Italiana, a cura di M. Barbi, E. G. Parodi, F. Pellegrini, E. Pistelli, P. Rajna, E. Rostagno, G. Vandelli. Con indice analitico dei nomi e delle cose di Mario Casella. Florence, 1921. The “Sexcentenary Dante.”
Le Opere di Dante Alighieri, a cura del Dr. E. Moore, nuovamente rivedute nel testo dal Dr. Paget Toynbee. Fourth edition. Oxford, 1923.
A Dictionary of Proper Names and Notable Matters in the Works of Dante, by Paget Toynbee. Oxford, 1898.
A Concise Dictionary of Proper Names and Notable Matters in the Works of Dante, by Paget Toynbee, Oxford, 1914.
Concordance of the “Divina Commedia.”By E. A. Fay. Boston, 1888.
Concordanza delle opere italiane in prosa e del Canzoniere di Dante Alighieri.By E. S. Sheldon and A. C. White. Oxford, 1905.
Dantis Alagherii Operum Latinorum Concordantiae.By E. K. Rand and E. H. Wilkins, Oxford, 1912.
Caggese, R.,Firenze dalla decadenza di Roma al Risorgimento d’Italia. Vols. i. and ii. Florence, 1912-1913.
Casini, T.,Letteratura italiana: storia ed esempi. Vols. i. and ii. Rome, 1909.
Dino Compagni,La Cronicacon introduzione e commento di G. Luzzatto. Milan, 1906. (English translation of theChronicleby E. Benecke and A. G. F. Howell in the “Temple Classics,” London.)
D’Ancona, A., and Bacci, O.,Manuale della letteratura italiana, vol. i. Florence.
Gaspary, A.,History of Early Italian Literature to the Death of Dante, translated by H. Oelsner. London, 1901.
Del Lungo, I.,Dino Compagni e la sua Cronica(Florence, 1879-1887);I Bianchi e i Neri(second edition. Milan, 1921).
Piccioni, L.,Da Prudenzio a Dante. Turin, 1916.
Rossi, V.,Storia della Letteratura Italiana per uso dei Licei. Voi. i. (Il Medio Evo). Milan, sixth edition, 1914.
Salvemini, G.,Magnati e Popolani in Firenze dal 1280 al 1295. Florence, 1899.
Villani, Giovanni,Croniche (Istorie) fiorentine. (Best edition at present, Florence, 1823.)
Villani, Giovanni,Selections from the first Nine Books, translated by Rose Selfe and edited by P. H. Wicksteed. London. 1906.
Villari, P.,I primi due secoli della storia di Firenze, new edition, Florence, 1905. (English translation by Linda Villari from the first edition.)
For the expedition of Henry of Luxemburg, the reader should study Caggese,Roberto d’Angiò e i suoi tempi, vol. i. chap. ii. (Florence, 1922).
Codice Diplomatico Dantesco: i documenti della vita e della famiglia di Dante, ed. G. Biagi and G. L. Passerini. Florence (in course of publication).
Barbadoro, B.,La condanna di Dante e le fazioni politichedel suo tempo. InStudi danteschi, ed. M. Barbi, vol. ii. Florence, 1920.
Boccaccio,Il comento alla Divina Commedia e gli altri scritti intorno a Dante, a cura di D. Guerri. Three vols. Bari, 1918. Vol. i. contains theVita di Danteand theCompendio.
Bruni, Leonardo,Vita di Dante(inLe vite di Dante, Petrarca e Boccaccio scritte fino al secolo decimosesto, ed. A. Solerti. Milan, 1904).
Foligno, C.,Dante. Bergamo, 1921.
Howell, A. G. F.,Dante(in “The People’s Books,” London).
Del Lungo, I.,Dell’esilio di Dante. Florence, 1881.
Ricci, C.,L’ultimo rifugio di Dante. Second edition. Milan, 1921.
Scherillo, M.,Alcuni capitoli della biografia di Dante. Turin, 1896.
Toynbee, P.,Dante Alighieri, his Life and Works. Fourth edition. London, 1910.
Wicksteed, P. H.,The Early Lives of Dante(translated). London, 1904.
Zingarelli, N.,Dante(Milan, 1903);Vita di Dante in compendio(Milan, 1905).
TheConvivioorConvitowas first printed at Florence in 1490. Eighteencanzoni(erroneously numbered as fourteen) were published at the end of a Venetian edition of theCommediain November, 1491. Fifteen genuine Dantesquecanzoni, with others wrongly ascribed to him, are contained in a collection printed at Milan and at Venice in 1518. The first partially complete edition of Dante’s lyrical poetry is contained in the first four books ofSonetti e canzoni di diversi antichi autori toscani in dieci libri raccolte, edited by Bernardo di Giunta at Florence in 1527. TheVita Nuovawas first printed at Florence in 1576; but its lyrics had been given in thefirst book of the 1527Sonetti e canzoni. TheDe Vulgari Eloquentiawas published in Trissino’s Italian translation at Vicenza in 1529, and in the original Latin at Paris in 1577; theMonarchiain 1559 at Basle. The latter work had been translated into Italian by Marsilio Ficino in the latter half of the fifteenth century. The Letter to Henry VII. was first published in an old Italian version in 1547; in its original Latin by Witte in 1827.
The Epistle to Can Grande was first published in 1700, the Eclogues in 1719. The Letters as a whole were edited by Witte in 1827 and by Torri in 1842.
Special editions and studies. (a)Vita Nuova. Critical edition by M. Barbi (Florence, 1907); with notes and commentary by M. Scherillo (Milan, 1911, reprinted with theCanzoniere); G. Salvadori,Sulla vita giovanile di Dante(Rome, 1906);Vita NuovaandCanzoniere, text, translation, and notes by P. H. Wicksteed and T. Okey (“Temple Classics”). For the “dolce stil nuovo,” V. Rossi, inLectura Dantis, Le Opere Minori(Florence, 1906), and Parodi,Poesia e storia nella D.C.A new edition of theVita Nuovais published by K. McKenzie (London, 1923). (b)Rime or Canzoniere. M. Barbi,Studi sul Canzoniere di Dante(Florence, 1915); G. Zonta,La lirica di Dante(inMiscellanea dantesca, supplement 18-21 ofGiornale storico della letteratura italiana, Turin, 1922); E. G. Gardner,The Lyrical Poetry of Dante(in preparation). For the tenzone with Forese F. Torraca,Nuovi studi danteschi(Naples, 1921), and A. F. Massèra,Sonetti burleschi e realistici dei primi due secoli(Bari, 1920); for the tenzone with Dante da Maiano, S. Santangelo,Dante Alighieri e Dante da Maiano(inBullettino della Società Dantesca Italiana, N. S., XXVII., 1920); for the canzone of theTre donne, Torraca,op. cit., and Carducci,Operexvi (“Poesia e Storia”). The majority of theRimeare translated by Wicksteed in the “Temple Classics” volume cited above. (c)Convivio. Translation by W. W. Jackson (Oxford,1909); translation and commentary by Wicksteed in the “Temple Classics”; Wicksteed,From Vita Nuova to Paradiso(Manchester University Press, 1922). (d)De Vulgari Eloquentia. Critical edition by P. Rajna (Florence, 1896); facsimile reproduction of Berlin MS., L. Bertalot,Il Codice B del “De Vulgari Eloquentia”(Florence, 1923); studies by F. D’Ovidio,Versificazione italiana e arte poetica medioevale(Milan, 1910); translation and commentary by A. G. F. Howell in “Temple Classics Latin Works of Dante”; C. Foligno,Dante, the Poet(Brit. Acad. Annual Italian Lecture, 1921). (e)Monarchia. C. Cipolla,Il trattato “De Monarchia” di D. A. e l’opuscolo “De potestate regia et papali” di Giovanni da Parigi(reprinted inGli studi danteschi di Carlo Cipolla, Verona, 1921); F. Ercole,L’unità politica della nazione italiana e l’Impero nel pensiero di Dante(inArchivio storico italiano, LXXV., Florence, 1917), andPer la genesi del pensiero politico di Dante(inGiornale storico della letteratura italiana, LXXII.,Turin, 1918); E. G. Parodi,Del concetto dell’Impero in Dante e del suo averroismo(inBull. d. Soc. Dantesca Italiana, N.S., XXVI., Florence, 1919); A. Solmi,Il pensiero politico di Dante(Florence, 1922); C. Foligno,The Date of the Monarchia(in Dante,Essays in Commemoration, University of London Press, 1921); translation and commentary by P. H. Wicksteed in “Temple Classics Latin Works of Dante.” (f)Epistolae. P. Toynbee,Dantis Alagherii Epistolae(The Letters of Dante, emended text, with introduction, translation, notes, etc., Oxford, 1920); F. Torraca,Le lettere di Dante(inNuovi studi danteschi); E. Moore,The Genuineness of the Dedicatory Epistle to Can Grande(inStudies in Dante, Series III.). (g)Eclogae. P. H. Wicksteed,Dante and Giovanni del Virgilio(London, 1902); G. Albini,Dantis Eclogae, etc. (Florence, 1903). (h)Quaesto de Aqua et Terra. Edited and translated by C. L. Shadwell(Oxford, 1909); ed. V. Biagi, with critical dissertation (Modena, 1907); E. Moore,Studies in Dante, Series II. (Oxford, 1899); Wicksteed, translation and commentary in “Temple Classics Latin Works of Dante.”
Editions with Notes and Commentaries
[The first three editions of theDivina Commediawere printed in 1472, at Foligno, Mantua, and Jesi. They were reprinted, together with the Neapolitan edition of 1477, by Lord Vernon and Panizzi:Le Prime Quattro Edizioni della Divina Commedia letteralmente ristampate(London, 1858). The first Venetian edition is dated 1477, the first Florentine 1481. There were about fifteen editions of theDivina Commediapublished before the end of the fifteenth century. The first Aldine was printed in 1502. The two earliest dated manuscripts, the Landiano (1336) and the Trivulziano (1337), have been published in facsimile:Il Codice Trivulziano 1080 della D.C., with introduction by L. Rocca (Milan, 1921);Il Codice Landianowith preface by A. Balsamo and introduction by G. Bertoni (Florence, 1921).]
La Divina Commedia nuovamente commentata daF. Torraca. Milan and Rome, third edition 1915.
La Divina Commedia commentata daG. A. Scartazzini. Seventh edition revised by G. Vandelli, Milan, 1914.
La Divina Commedia con il commento di Tommaso Casini.Sixth edition renovated and augmented by S. A. Barbi. Florence, 1923.
Inferno,Purgatorio, andParadiso, Italian text with English prose translation on opposite pages, maps and notes, three vols., “Temple Classics” (London).Inferno, Carlyle’s translation with notes by H. Oelsner;Purgatorio, translation and notes by T. Okey;Paradiso, translation and notes by P. H. Wicksteed.
Vernon, W. W.,Readings on the Inferno,Purgatorio, andParadiso, chiefly based upon the Commentary of Benvenuto da Imola. Six vols. (two on each part). London, new edition, 1906-1909.
La Divina Commedia, edited and annotated by C. H. Grandgent. London, 1914.
La Divina Commedia nella figurazione artistica e nel secolare commento, a cura di Guido Biagi. Turin, 1921, et seq.
Benvenuto da Imola,Comentum super Dantis Aldigherii Comoediam, ed. W. W. Vernon and J. P. Lacaita. Five vols. Florence, 1887.
Croce, B.,La poesia di Dante. Bari, 1921. (English translation by Douglas Ainslie, London, 1922.)
D’Ancona, A.,Scritti danteschi. Florence, 1913.
D’Ovidio, F.,Studi sulla Divina Commedia(Milan, 1901);Nuovi studi danteschi(two vols., Milan, 1906-7).
Farinelli, A.,Dante in Spagna—Francia—Inghilterra—Germania. Turin, 1922.
Gardner, E. G.,Dante and the Mystics. London, 1913.
Hauvette, H.,Études sur la Divine Comédie. Paris, 1922.
Holbrook, R. T.,Portraits of Dante from Giotto to Raffael. London, 1911.
Livi, G.,Dante suoi primi cultori sua gente in Bologna(Bologna, 1918);Dante e Bologna(Bologna, 1921).
Moore, E.,Textual Criticism of the Divina Commedia(Cambridge, 1889);Studies in Dante, four series (Oxford, 1896-1917);Time-References in the Divina Commedia(Oxford, 1887).
Parodi, E. G.,Poesia e storia nella Divina Commedia(Naples, 1921);Il Fiore e il Detto d’Amore(edited in appendix to theOpere di Dante, Florence, 1922).
Reade, W. H. V.,The Moral System of Dante’s Inferno. Oxford, 1909.
Ricci, C.,La Divina Commedia illustrata nei luoghi e nelle persone(Edizione del secentenario della morte di Dante). Milan, 1921.
Rocca, L.,Di alcuni commenti della D.C. composti nei primi vent’ anni dopo la morte di Dante. Florence, 1891.
Santangelo, S.,Dante e i trovatori provenzali. Catania, 1922.
Torraca, F.,Studi danteschi(Naples, 1912);Nuovi studi danteschi(Naples, 1921).
Toynbee, P.,Dante Studies and Researches(London, 1902);Dante in English Literature from Chaucer to Cary(two vols., London, 1909);Dante Studies(London, 1921).
Wicksteed, P. H.,Dante and Aquinas(London, 1913);From Vita Nuova to Paradiso, two essays on the vital relations between Dante’s successive works (Manchester University Press, 1922).
Witte, K.,Essays on Dante: selected, translated and edited, with introduction, notes, and appendices, by C. M. Lawrence and P. H. Wicksteed. London, 1898.
Besides Boccaccio and Benvenuto da Imola, the modern editions of the other early commentators, Graziolo de’ Bambaglioli (Udine, 1892), Jacopo della Lana (Bologna, 1866, etc.), the Ottimo (Pisa, 1827-29), Pietro Alighieri (Florence, 1845), Francesco da Buti (Pisa, 1858-62), are worth consulting. Extracts, with notably better texts, are given by Biagi inLa D.C. nella figurazione artistica e nel secolare commento.
For the question of the Letter of Frate Ilario, see P. Rajna,Testo della lettera di frate Ilario e osservazioni sul suo valore storico, inDante e la Lunigiana(Milan, 1909). On the date of composition of theDivina Commedia,cf.Parodi,Poesia e storia nella D.C.; Ercole,Le tre fasi del pensiero politico di Dante, in theMiscellanea dantescaof theGior. stor. della lett. ital., and D’Ovidio in theNuova Antologia, March, 1923. In addition to the works already cited, published for the sexcentenary of1921, may be particularly mentioned the sumptuous volumeDante e Siena(Siena, 1921), andDante, la Vita, le Opere, le grandi città dantesche, Dante e l’Europa(Milan, 1921).
TheGiornale Dantesco, theBullettino della Società Dantesca Italiana, andStudi danteschi diretti daMichele Barbi (Florence) are invaluable periodical publications.
Of the numerous English translations of theDivina Commedia, besides those of Cary and Longfellow, may be mentioned that of C. E. Norton in prose; Haselfoot and M. B. Anderson interza rima; G. Musgrave of theInfernoin Spenserian stanzas, and H. J. Hooper in amphiambics; C. L. Shadwell of thePurgatorioandParadisoin the metre used by Andrew Marvell in his Horatian “Ode to Cromwell.” Theterza rimais a measure not easily adapted to English speech. First introduced into English by Chaucer, with the modifications which the difference of our prosody from the Italian requires, in two fragments ofA Compleint to his Lady(Minor Poems vi. in Skeat’sStudent’s Chaucer), it was used by Wyatt and Surrey, by Sir Philip Sidney and other Elizabethans, and even once by Milton (in his paraphrase of Psalm ii.). Among the few notable English poems interza rimawritten during the nineteenth century, Shelley’s unfinishedTriumph of Lifestands supreme, and in it we may in very truth:
Behold a wonder worthy of the rhymeOf him who from the lowest depths of hell,Through every paradise and through all glory,Love led serene, and who returned to tellThe words of hate and awe; the wondrous storyHow all things are transfigured except Love.
Behold a wonder worthy of the rhymeOf him who from the lowest depths of hell,Through every paradise and through all glory,Love led serene, and who returned to tellThe words of hate and awe; the wondrous storyHow all things are transfigured except Love.
Behold a wonder worthy of the rhyme
Behold a wonder worthy of the rhyme
Of him who from the lowest depths of hell,Through every paradise and through all glory,Love led serene, and who returned to tell
Of him who from the lowest depths of hell,
Through every paradise and through all glory,
Love led serene, and who returned to tell
The words of hate and awe; the wondrous storyHow all things are transfigured except Love.
The words of hate and awe; the wondrous story
How all things are transfigured except Love.