*Unguentum Sulphuris (Ung. Sulphur.), Sulphur Ointment, U.S.P.—Sublimed sulphur (15%) in benzoinated lard.
Unguentum Sulphuris Alkalinum (Ung. Sulphur. Alk.), Alkaline Sulphur Ointment, N.F.—Sublimed sulphur (20%) and potassium carbonate (10%) in water and benzoinated lard.
Unguentum Sulphuris Compositum (Ung. Sulphur. Co.), Compound Sulphur Ointment, N.F.(Wilkinson’s Ointment, Hebra’s Itch Ointment).—Sublimed sulphur (15%), oil of cade (15%) and precipitated calcium carbonate in soft soap and lard.
Sulphuris Iodidum (Sulphur. Iod.), Sulphur Iodide, N.F.—Washed sulphur (20%) and iodine combined by means of heat.
Brittle, grayish black masses, having a metallic luster, an odor of iodine and a somewhat acrid taste. Almost insoluble in water; alcohol dissolves the iodine, leaving the sulphur.
Action and Uses: Used in parasitic skin diseases; antiquated.
Sumbul (Sumbul), Sumbul, U.S.P.(Musk-root).—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: Formerly exploited as a stimulant and antispasmodic in hysterical conditions. Effect probably psychic.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Extractum Sumbul (Ext. Sumbul), Extract of Sumbul, U.S.P.—A pilular extract.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Sumbul (Fldext. Sumbul), Fluidextract of Sumbul, U.S.P.(Fluidextract of Musk-root).—Sumbul (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Tinctura Sumbul (Tr. Sumbul), Tincture of Sumbul, N.F.—Sumbul (10%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
SUPPOSITORIA, SUPPOSITORIES, U.S.P.—Suppositories are solid bodies of various weights and shapes adapted for introduction into the different orifices of the human body and melting readily at body heat.
Suprarenalum Siccum (Supraren. Sicc.), Dried Suprarenals, U.S.P.(Glandulae Suprarenales Siccae, U.S.P., VIII, Desiccated Suprarenal Glands).—The suprarenal glands of animals which are used for food by man, cleaned, dried, freed from fat, and powdered, and containing epinephrine (about 0.5%), the active principle of the suprarenal gland.
A light, yellowish-brown powder, having a slight, characteristic odor. Partially soluble in water.
Action and Uses: The action of dried suprarenals is virtually that of epinephrine, but more variable and less conveniently employed.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
SYRUPI, SYRUPS.—Syrups are aqueous solutions of medicinal substances rendered palatable by the addition of sugar. For the official syrups see under the names of the principal ingredients. For Syrupus, see underSaccharum; for Syrupus Bromidorum, underPotassii Bromidum; for Syrupus Ficorum Compositus, underFicus; for Syrupus Hypophosphitum and Syrupus Hypophosphitum Compositus, underCalcii Hypophosphis; for Syrupus Ipecacuanhae et Opii, underOpium; for Syrupus Phosphatum Compositus, underAcidum Phosphoricum; for Syrupus Phosphatum cum Quinina et Strychnina, underQuininae Hydrochloridum, and for Syrupus Pini Strobi Compositus cum Morphina, underMorphinae Sulphas.
Talcum Purificatum (Talc. Purif.), Purified Talc, U.S.P.—A purified native hydrous magnesium silicate, sometimes containing a small amount of aluminum silicate.
A fine white or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder, which adheres to the skin and is slippery to the touch.
Action and Uses: Used as a dusting powder, and as a clarifying agent in pharmacy.
Tamarindus (Tamarind.), Tamarind, N.F.—The preserved pulp of the fruit.
Action and Uses: Mildly laxative. When infused with water, yields an agreeable acid drink.
Dosage: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (N.F.).
Taraxacum (Tarax.), Taraxacum, U.S.P.(Dandelion).—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: Has been used as a bitter tonic (without advantage over gentian) and as a mild laxative in habitual constipation (inferior to drugs like cascara sagrada); has no specific action on the liver.
Dosage: 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.).
Elixir Taraxaci Compositum (Elix. Tarax. Co.), Compound Elixir of Taraxacum, N.F.—Fluidextract of taraxacum (3.5%), fluidextract of wild cherry (2%), fluidextract of glycyrrhiza, tincture of sweet orange peel, tincture of cinnamon, compound tincture of cardamom and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content, about 28 per cent.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Extractum Taraxaci (Ext. Tarax.), Extract of Taraxacum, U.S.P.—A pilular extract.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Taraxaci (Fldext. Tarax.), Fluidextract of Taraxacum, U.S.P.(Fluidextract of Dandelion).—Taraxacum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
Terebenum (Tereben.), Terebene, U.S.P.—Obtained from oil of turpentine by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid.
A colorless, thin liquid, having a thyme-like odor and an aromatic taste. Only slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol (1:3).
Action and Uses: Expectorant resembling oil of turpentine, but more pleasant in odor.
Dosage: 0.25 Cc. or 4 minims (U.S.P.).
*Terebinthina (Terebinth.), Turpentine, N.F.—A solid oleoresin obtained from pine.
Action and Uses: Rubefacient; without advantage over turpentine oil.
Terebinthina Laricis (Terebinth. Laric.), Venice Turpentine, N.F.(Larch Turpentine).— A viscid oleoresin obtained from European larch.
Action and Uses: Similar to those of turpentine; now seldom used.
Petroxolinum Terebinthinae Laricis (Petrox. Terebinth. Laric.), Venice Turpentine Petroxolin, N.F.(Venice Turpentine Petrox).—Venice turpentine (20%) in liquid petroxolin.
*Terpini Hydras (Terpin. Hyd.), Terpin Hydrate, U.S.P.
Colorless, lustrous, nearly odorless crystals, having a slightly aromatic and somewhat bitter taste. Slightly soluble in water (1:200) and soluble in alcohol (1:13).
Action and Uses: Antiseptic, diaphoretic, diuretic; largely used as an expectorant in cases accompanied by free bronchial secretion.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
Elixir Terpini Hydratis (Elix. Terpin. Hyd.), Elixir of Terpin Hydrate, N.F.—Terpin hydrate (1.75%), tincture of sweet orange peel, spirit of bitter almond, alcohol, glycerin,syrup and water. Absolute alcohol content about 42 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Codeinae, N.F.—See underCodeina.
Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Diacetylmorphinae, N.F.—See underDiacetylmorphina.
Terra Silicea Purificata (Ter. Sil. Purif.), Purified Siliceous Earth, U.S.P.(Purified Kieselguhr, Purified Infusorial Earth).—Silica (SiO2).
Fine, bulky, white or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water, acids or dilute solutions of the alkalies.
Action and Uses: Used as a clarifying agent in pharmacy.
*Theobrominae Sodio-Salicylas (Theobrom. Sodio-Sal.), Theobromine Sodio-Salicylate, U.S.P.(Diuretin).—Sodium theobromine and sodium salicylate in approximately molecular proportions. Contains not less than 46.5 per cent. of theobromine.
White, odorless powder, having a sweetish, saline and somewhat alkaline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1), slightly soluble in alcohol. Incompatible with acids and has the other incompatibilities of salicylates.
Action and Uses: A soluble salt of theobromine, having much the same action as caffeine, except that it does not affect the central nervous system to any extent. Mainly used as a diuretic.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
*Theophyllina (Theophyll.), Theophylline, U.S.P.(Dimethylxanthine, Theocin).—An isomer of theobromine.
White, odorless powder, having a bitter taste. Soluble in water (1:100) and in alcohol (1:80).
Action and Uses: Has a diuretic action similar to that of theobromine, more powerful, but said to be not so lasting.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
Thuja (Thuja), Thuja, N.F.(Arbor Vitae).—Young twigs.
Action and Uses: Somewhat irritant; no well-defined indications for its use, but has been recommended as a febrifuge, expectorant and anthelmintic, and as a stimulating remedy in tenesmus and dribbling of urine in the aged.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Thujae (Fldext. Thuj.), Fluidextract of Thuja, N.F.—Thuja (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
*Thymol (Thymol), Thymol, U.S.P.—A phenol.
Large, colorless, translucent crystals, having an aromatic thyme-like odor, and a pungent, aromatic taste. Very slightly soluble in water (1:1,010); freely soluble in alcohol (1:1).
Action and Uses: Antiseptic and anthelmintic. Used chiefly against the hookworm.
Dosage: Antiseptic, 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.); anthelmintic, 1 Gm. or 15 grains, per day (U.S.P.). In the treatment of hookworm disease it should be given in as finely divided state as possible in dosage of from 0.5 to 4 Gm. or from 8 grains to 1 drachm. No fats, oils or alcohol should be given at the same time, for fear of absorption of the drug.
The dosage may be regulated according to age as follows: Up to 5 years of age, 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains; up to 10, 1 Gm. or 15 grains; up to 15, 1.5 Gm. or 24 grains; up to 20, 2 Gm. or 30 grains; above 20, 3 to 4 Gm. or 45 grains to 1 drachm.
Nebula Thymolis (Nebul. Thymol.), Thymol Spray, N.F.—Thymol (1%) in light liquid petrolatum.
*Thymolis Iodidum (Thymol. Iod.), Thymol Iodide, U.S.P.(Aristol).—Chiefly dithymol-diiodide. Should contain not less than 43 per cent. of iodine.
A reddish-brown or reddish-yellow, bulky powder, with a very slight aromatic odor. Insoluble in water or glycerin; only slightly soluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: Antiseptic; used chiefly as a dusting powder. Less efficient than iodoform.
Thymus (Thymus), Thyme, N.F.—Tops.
Action and Uses: Aromatic and rubefacient; without advantage over camphor.
Dosage: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Thymi (Fldext. Thym.), Fluidextract of Thyme, N.F.—Thyme (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
*Thyroideum Siccum (Thyroid. Sicc.), Dried Thyroids, U.S.P.(Glandulae Thyroideae Siccae, U.S.P., VIII, Desiccated Thyroid Glands).—The thyroid glands of animalswhich are used for food by man, freed from connective tissue and fat, dried and powdered. Should contain about 0.2 per cent. of iodine.
A yellowish powder, with a slight characteristic odor.
Action and Uses: Used in thyroid deficiency; sometimes in obesity, in which it may be harmful.
Dosage: 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.).
TINCTURAE, TINCTURES.—Tinctures with few exceptions are alcoholic or hydroalcoholic extractive preparations of vegetable drugs. The tinctures of potent drugs represent uniformly 10 Gm. of drug in 100 Cc. of the preparation, while tinctures of less potent drugs vary in strength but represent usually 20 Gm. of drug in 100 Cc. of the preparation. For the official tinctures see under the names of the respective drugs. For Tinctura Amara, see underGentiana; for Tinctura Antiperiodica and Tinctura Antiperiodica sine Aloe, underQuininae Bisulphas; for Tinctura Aromatica, underCinnamomum Saigonicum; for Tinctura Ipecacuanhae et Opii and for Tinctura Pectoralis, underOpium.
TINCTURAE AETHEREAE, ETHEREAL TINCTURES, N.F.—When not otherwise directed, ethereal tinctures are to be prepared representing 10 per cent. drug strength, extracted with a mixture of alcohol and ether. Of doubtful advantage over ordinary tinctures.
TINCTURAE MEDICAMENTORUM RECENTIUM, TINCTURES OF FRESH DRUGS, N.F.(Tincturae Herbarum Recentium, U.S.P. VIII).—When not otherwise directed, tinctures of fresh drugs are to be prepared by extracting 50 Gm. of the fresh drug with alcohol to make 100 Cc.
TOXITABELLAE, POISON TABLETS.—Tablets containing poisons.
*Tragacantha (Trag.), Tragacanth, U.S.P.(Gum Tragacanth).—Mixed with 50 parts of distilled water, forms a smooth, nearly uniform, stiff, opalescent mucilage.
Action and Uses: Demulcent and ingredient in emulsions.
Glyceritum Tragacanthae (Glycer. Trag.), Glycerite of Tragacanth, N.F.—Tragacanth (about 10%) in glycerin and water.
Mucilago Tragacanthae (Mucil. Trag.), Mucilage of Tragacanth, U.S.P.—Tragacanth (6%) in glycerin (18%) and water.
Trifolium (Trifol.), Trifolium, N.F.(Red Clover Blossoms).
Action and Uses: Inert. Has been used in antisyphilitic and alterative compounds; also as an expectorant.
Dosage: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Trifolii (Fldext. Trifol.), Fluidextract of Trifolium, N.F.—Trifolium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Trillium (Trill.), Trillium, N.F.(Beth Root).—Rhizome.
Action and Uses: Obsolete, formerly used as astringent and tonic.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Trillii (Fldext. Trill.), Fluidextract of Trillium, N.F.—Trillium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
*Trinitrophenol (Trinitrophen.), Trinitrophenol, U.S.P.(Picric Acid).
Pale yellow, odorless crystals, having an intensely bitter taste, and exploding when heated rapidly and when subjected to percussion. Trinitrophenol stains the skin an intense, permanent yellow. Soluble in water (1:78), and in alcohol (1:12).
Action and Uses: For the dressing of burns. Internally is highly toxic, producing nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, and stains the skin and mucous membranes a yellow color, simulating jaundice.
Dosage: Externally as saturated watery solution or as ointment.
Triticum (Tritic.), Triticum, U.S.P.(Couch Grass, Dog Grass).—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: Formerly exploited as a diuretic in cystitis and irritable bladder. Now seldom employed.
Dosage: 8 Gm. or 2 drachms (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Tritici (Fldext. Tritic.), Fluidextract of Triticum, U.S.P.(Fluidextract of Couch Grass).—Triticum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 15 per cent.
Dosage: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
TRITURATIONES, TRITURATIONS.—Mixtures containing active drugs in powder form; prepared by mixing the substance (10%) with powdered sugar of milk. For theofficial trituration see Trituratio Elaterini, U.S.P., underElaterinum.
TROCHISCI, TROCHES(Lozenges).—Tablets intended to be dissolved in the mouth for their local effect on the mucous membrane of the mouth and the throat. For the official troches see under the names of the principal ingredients.
Ulmus (Ulmus), Elm, U.S.P.(Elm Bark, Slippery Elm).—The inner bark.
Action and Uses: Obsolete demulcent.
Trochisci Ulmi (Troch. Ulmi), Troches of Elm, N.F.—Each troche contains elm, tragacanth, sugar and methyl salicylate.
Uses: Demulcent expectorant.
Dosage: 1 troche (N.F.).
UNGUENTA, OINTMENTS.—Soft, fatty solids, of such consistency that they are readily spread at ordinary temperatures. For the official ointments, see under the names of the respective principal constituents. For Unguentum, see underAdeps; for Unguentum Diachylon, underPlumbi Oxidum, and for Unguentum Fuscum, underCamphora.
Uranii Nitras (Uran. Nit.), Uranium Nitrate, U.S.P.(Uranyl Nitrate).—UO2(NO3)2+ 6H2O.
Light, yellow, odorless, somewhat efflorescent, radioactive crystals, having a bitter astringent taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.2); also soluble in alcohol or ether.
Action and Uses: Has been used, without adequate justification, in the treatment of diabetes and cancer. Solutions are poisonous and produce glucosuria when injected subcutaneously, even in small doses.
Dosage: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.), best administered in simple solutions. Use with caution.
Uva Ursi (Uva Ursi), Uva Ursi, U.S.P.(Bearberry).—Leaves.
Action and Uses: Mild and slightly antiseptic diuretic used especially in vesical catarrh. Less effective than santal oil.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Uvae Ursi (Fldext. Uvae Ursi), Fluidextract of Uva Ursi, U.S.P.—Uva ursi (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
*Valeriana (Valer.), Valerian, U.S.P.—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: Used as “antispasmodic” and “nerve sedative” in hysteria and other nervous excitations. Its influence is largely psychic, owing to its strong, persistent odor.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Valerianae (Fldext. Valer.), Fluidextract of Valerian, N.F.—Valerian (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Tinctura Valerianae (Tr. Valer.), Tincture of Valerian, U.S.P.—Valerian (20%), in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 69 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
*Tinctura Valerianae Ammoniata (Tr. Valer. Ammon.), Ammoniated Tincture of Valerian, U.S.P.—Valerian (20%) in aromatic spirit of ammonia. Absolute alcohol content about 64 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Vanilla (Vanilla), Vanilla, N.F.(Vanilla Bean).—Cured fruit.
Action and Uses: Flavoring.
Tinctura Vanillae (Tr. Vanill.), Tincture of Vanilla, N.F.—Vanilla, sugar and diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Vanillinum (Vanillin.), Vanillin, U.S.P.—The odorous principle of vanilla, sometimes prepared synthetically.
Fine, white or nearly white, crystalline needles having the odor and taste of vanilla. Soluble in water (1:100) and freely soluble in alcohol or glycerin.
Action and Uses: Used only as a flavoring.
Dosage: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).
Elixir Vanillini Compositum (Elix. Vanil. Co.), Compound Elixir of Vanillin, N.F.—Compound spirit of vanillin (2%), alcohol, glycerin, syrup, tincture of caramel and water. Absolute alcohol content about 8 per cent.
Spiritus Vanillini Compositus (Sp. Vanil. Co.), Compound Spirit of Vanillin, N.F.—Vanillin, oil of orange, oil of cardamom, oil of cinnamon and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Veratrina (Veratrin.), Veratrine, U.S.P.(Veratria).—A mixture of alkaloids from sabadilla seeds.
White or nearly white, odorless powder, intensely irritating to the nasal mucous membrane. Very slightly soluble in water (1:1760) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:2.8).
Action and Uses: In its action on peripheral nerve endings, it is said to resemble aconite, but has no material advantage over the latter. Has been applied (in an ointment) as analgesic in neuralgia. It is highly toxic, and caution should be observed in its use, especially where the skin is broken.
Oleatum Veratrinae (Oleat. Veratrin.), Oleate of Veratrine, N.F.—Veratrine (2%) in oleic acid and olive oil.
Unguentum Veratrinae (Ung. Veratrin.), Veratrine Ointment, N.F.—Veratrine (4%) in expressed oil of almond and benzoinated lard.
Veratrum Viride (Verat. Vir.), Veratrum Viride, U.S.P.(Green Hellebore, American Hellebore).—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: Slows the heart and lowers blood pressure. The tincture has been recommended especially in eclampsia, but is now little used.
Dosage: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Veratri Viridis (Fldext. Verat. Vir.), Fluidextract of Veratrum Viride, U.S.P.(Fluidextract of Green Hellebore).—Veratrum viride (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Dosage: 0.1 Cc. or 1-1/2 minims (U.S.P.).
Tinctura Veratri Viridis (Tr. Verat. Vir.), Tincture of Veratrum Viride, U.S.P.—Veratrum viride (10%). Absolute alcohol content about 91 per cent.
Dosage: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.)
Verbasci Flores (Verbasc. Flor.), Mullein Flowers, N.F.—Corollas with stamens.
Action and Uses: Demulcent, without advantage over acacia, elm, etc.
Dosage: 8 Gm. or 2 drachms (N.F.).
Verbasci Folia (Verbasc. Fol.), Mullein Leaves, N.F.
Action and Uses: Same as those of the flowers.
Dosage: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Verbasci Foliae[should beFoliorum](Fldext. Verbasc. Fol.), Fluidextract of Mullein Leaves,N.F.—Mullein leaves (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Verbena (Verben.), Verbena, N.F.(Blue Vervain).—Plant deprived of its root.
Action and Uses: Obsolete; said to be tonic, emetic, expectorant and diaphoretic.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Verbenae (Fldext. Verben.), Fluidextract of Verbena, N.F.—Verbena (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
Viburnum Opulus (Viburn. Opul.), Viburnum Opulus, N.F.(Crampbark, High Bush Cranberry Bark).
Action and Uses: Slightly bitter; practically inert; was recommended as tonic, antispasmodic and alterative. The market supply is said to have been spurious for many years, consisting of mountain maple (Acer spicatum).
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Elixir Viburni Opuli Compositum (Elix. Viburn. Opul. Co.), Compound Elixir of Viburnum Opulus, N.F.(Compound Elixir of Crampbark).—Fluidextract of viburnum opulus (7.5%), fluidextract of trillium (15%), fluidextract of aletris (7.5%) and compound elixir of taraxacum. Absolute alcohol content about 35 per cent.
Uses: An inefficient mixture sold for use in “female weakness.”
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Viburni Opuli (Fldext. Viburn. Opul.), Fluidextract of Viburnum Opulus, N.F.—Viburnum opulus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Tinctura Viburni Opuli Composita (Tr. Viburn. Opul. Co.), Compound Tincture of Viburnum, N.F.—Viburnum opulus (3.5%), dioscorea (3.5%) and scutellaria (1%), with clove and Saigon cinnamon in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Uses: Irrational mixture used in menstrual disorders.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Viburnum Prunifolium (Viburn. Prun.), Viburnum Prunifolium, U.S.P.(Black Haw, Viburnum).—The dried bark.
Action and Uses: Has had considerable vogue as a “uterine sedative,” in dysmenorrhea and habitual abortion. There is no good evidence that it has any action.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Elixir Viburni Prunifolii (Elix. Viburn. Prun.), Elixir of Viburnum Prunifolium, N.F.(Elixir of Black Haw).—Fluidextract of viburnum prunifolium (12.5%), compound tincture of cardamom and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 29 per cent.
Uses: An objectionable alcoholic preparation of viburnum.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Extractum Viburni Prunifolii (Ext. Viburn. Prun.), Extract of Viburnum Prunifolium, U.S.P.(Powdered Extract of Viburnum Prunifolium).—One Gm. extract represents 5 Gm. viburnum prunifolium.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Viburni Prunifolii (Fldext. Viburn. Prun.), Fluidextract of Viburnum Prunifolium, U.S.P.(Fluidextract of Black Haw).—Viburnum prunifolium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
VINA, WINES.—Medicated wines are solutions of active medicaments or the active constituents of drugs in wine. For the official wines, see under the names of the respective principal constituents.
Vinum Xericum (Vin. Xeric.), Sherry Wine, N.F.—An alcoholic liquid made by fermenting the juice of fresh ripe grapes, the fruit of cultivated varieties of Vitis, freed from seeds, stems and skins, and fortifying with pure grape brandy. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
Action and Uses: Sherry wine has the action of alcohol.
*Virus Vaccinicum (Virus Vaccin.), Vaccine Virus, U.S.P.(Glycerinated Vaccine Virus, Smallpox Vaccine, Jennerian Vaccine).—Prepared from the pustules of vaccinia from vaccinated cattle. The product must comply with the requirements established by the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States through the United States Public Health Service.
Uses: Prophylactic vaccination against smallpox.
Xanthoxylum (Xanthox.), Xanthoxylum, U.S.P.(Prickly Ash Bark).
Action and Uses: Bitter, without special advantage over gentian.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Xanthoxyli (Fldext. Xanthox.), Fluidextract of Xanthoxylum, U.S.P.(Fluidextract of Prickly Ash).—Xanthoxylum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Xanthoxylum Fructus (Xanthox. Fruct.), Prickly Ash Berries, N.F.
Action and Uses: Obsolete and probably worthless; has been used as stimulant, tonic, alterative, diaphoretic, sialagogue and carminative.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
Zea (Zea), Zea, N.F.(Corn Silk).
Action and Uses: Probably valueless. Has been used in inflammatory conditions of the bladder.
Dosage: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Zeae (Fldext. Zea.), Fluidextract of Zea, N.F.—Zea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Zedoaria (Zedoar.), Zedoary, N.F.—Rhizome.
Action and Uses: Practically the same as those of ginger, over which it has no advantage.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
Tinctura Zedoariae Amara (Tr. Zedoar. Amar.), Bitter Tincture of Zedoary, N.F. (Compound Tincture of Zedoary).—Zedoary (25%), aloes (12.5%), rhubarb (6.2%), gentian (6.2%), agaric (6.2%) and saffron (6.2%) in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 50 per cent.
Uses: Bitter stomachic and laxative; needlessly complex and without special advantage over compound tincture of gentian.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
*Zinci Acetas (Zinc. Acet.), Zinc Acetate, U.S.P.—Zn(C2H3O2)2+ 2H2O.
Soft white crystals, having a faint vinegar odor and, in dilute solutions, an astringent metallic taste. Freely soluble in water (1:2.3), and soluble in alcohol (1:30).
Action and Uses: Used locally, like zinc sulphate, being somewhat less powerful.
Dosage: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.).
Zinci Carbonas Praecipitatus (Zinc. Carb. Praec.), Precipitated Zinc Carbonate, U.S.P.
Impalpable, white, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water or alcohol.
Action and Uses: Similar to, but without advantage over zinc oxide.
*Zinci Chloridum (Zinc Chlor.), Zinc Chloride, U.S.P.—ZnCl2.
White or nearly white, granular powder, porcelain-like masses or molded pencils, odorless, very deliquescent and intensely caustic. Very soluble in water (1:0.25) and in alcohol (1:1.3).
Action and Uses: Antiseptic, astringent and escharotic.
*Liquor Zinci Chloridi (Liq. Zinc. Chlor.), Solution of Zinc Chloride, U.S.P.—ZnCl2(about 50 per cent.).
*Zinci Oxidum (Zinc. Oxid.), Zinc Oxide, U.S.P.—ZnO.
Fine, white or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water or in alcohol.
Action and Uses: Antiseptic and astringent, widely used either alone or in combination with other substances as a dusting powder and as a protective and sedative in ointments.
Glycerogelatinum Zinci Durum (Glycerogel. Zinc. Dur.), Firm Zinc Glycerogelatin, N.F.—Zinc oxide (10%) in water, glycerin and glycerinated gelatin.
Glycerogelatinum Zinci Molle (Glycerogel. Zinc. Mol.), Soft Zinc Glycerogelatin, N.F.—Zinc oxide (10%) in water, glycerin and glycerinated gelatin.
Mulla Zinci (Mull. Zinc.), Zinc Mull, N.F.(Unguentum Zinci Extensum, N.F. III).—Zinc oxide (10%) in benzoinated suet and benzoinated lard.
Pasta Zinci (Past. Zinc.), Zinc Paste, N.F.(Lassar’s Zinc Paste).—Zinc oxide (24%), salicylic acid (2%), starch and petrolatum.
Pasta Zinci Mollis (Past. Zinc. Moll.), Soft Zinc Paste, N.F.(Unna’s Soft Zinc Paste).—Zinc oxide (25%), precipitated calcium carbonate, linseed oil and solution of calcium hydroxide.
Pasta Zinci Sulphurata (Past. Zinc. Sulphur.), Sulphurated Zinc Paste, N.F.(Unna’s Sulphurated Zinc Paste).—Zinc oxide (15%), precipitated sulphur (10%), purified siliceous earth and benzoinated lard.
*Unguentum Zinci Oxidi (Ung. Zinc. Ox.), Ointment of Zinc Oxide, U.S.P.(Zinc Ointment).—Zinc oxide (20%) in benzoinated lard.
Zinci Phenolsulphonas (Zinc. Phenolsulph.), Zinc Phenolsulphonate, U.S.P.(Zinc Sulphocarbolate).—The hydrated salt.
Colorless, odorless crystals or granules having an astringent, metallic taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.6), and in alcohol (1:1.8).
Action and Uses: Similar to, but less active than zinc sulphate, over which it has no advantage.
Dosage: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains.
*Zinci Stearas (Zinc. Stear.), Zinc Stearate, U.S.P.—Chiefly zinc stearate and palmitate.
Fine, bulky, white, tasteless powder, having a faint characteristic odor. Insoluble in water or alcohol.
Action and Uses: Similar to, but without special advantage over zinc oxide.
Unguentum Zinci Stearatis (Ung. Zinc. Stear.), Ointment of Zinc Stearate, N.F.—Zinc stearate (50%) in white petrolatum.
Uses: Without advantage over the oxide.
*Zinci Sulphas (Zinc. Sulph.), Zinc Sulphate, U.S.P.—ZnSO4+ 7H2O.
Colorless, transparent crystals or granular powder, odorless and having an astringent, metallic taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.6) and freely soluble in glycerin (1:2.5); insoluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: Astringent, styptic and emetic. Much used in eye washes and especially effective in that form of conjunctivitis caused by the Morax-Axenfeld bacillus.
Dosage: Emetic, 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.) in diluted solution. Locally, 0.1 to 1 per cent. in collyria; 0.5 to 4 per cent. in injections (gonorrhea).
Liquor Zinci et Alumini Compositus (Liq. Zinc. et Alumin. Co.), Compound Solution of Zinc and Aluminum, N.F.—Zinc sulphate (20%), aluminum sulphate (20%), betanaphthol (0.06%) with oil of thyme in water.
Uses: Needlessly complex astringent and antiseptic.
Liquor Zinci et Ferri Compositus (Liq. Zinc. et Ferr. Co.), Compound Solution of Zinc and Iron, N.F.(Deodorant Solution).—Zinc sulphate (20%), ferrous sulphate (20%), copper sulphate (6.5%), betanaphthol (0.06%) with oil of thyme and hypophosphorous acid in water.
Uses: Needlessly complex antiseptic mixture.
Pulvis Antisepticus (Pulv. Antisept.), Soluble Antiseptic Powder, N.F.(Pulvis Antisepticus Solubilis).—Zinc sulphate (12.5%), salicylic acid (0.5%), phenol, eucalyptol, menthol and thymol (each 0.1%) and boric acid.
Uses: Needlessly complex antiseptic mixture.
Zinci Valeras (Zinc. Valer.), Zinc Valerate, U.S.P.(Zinc Valerianate).
White scales or powder, having a valerian-like odor and a sweetish, astringent, metallic taste. Soluble in water (1:70), often leaving a residue, and in alcohol (1:22).
Action and Uses: Formerly deemed a “nerve sedative,” but is without value.
Dosage: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.).
Elixir Zinci Valeratis (Elix. Zinc. Valer.), Elixir of Zinc Valerate, N.F.(Elixir Zinci Valerianatis, N.F. III).—Zinc valerate (1.75%), ammonium citrate, alcohol, spirit of bitter almond, compound tincture of cudbear, water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 28 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Zincum (Zinc.), Zinc, U.S.P.—Zn.
Bluish-white, thin sheets, irregular, granulated pieces, molded pencils or powder. Insoluble in water or alcohol, but dissolves in diluted sulphuric or hydrochloric acid with the evolution of hydrogen.
Action and Uses: Reagent for the generation of hydrogen.
*Zingiber (Zingib.), Ginger, U.S.P.—Rhizomes.
Action and Uses: Flavor, carminative, aromatic and stimulant to the gastro-intestinal tract, because of the irritating action of the volatile oil and resin. Probably has no advantage over other pungent aromatics, such as the mints.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Zingiberis (Fldext. Zingib.), Fluidextract of Ginger, U.S.P.—Ginger (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
Oleoresina Zingiberis (Oleores. Zingib.), Oleoresin of Ginger, U.S.P.
Uses: Highly irritant.
Dosage: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).
Syrupus Zingiberis (Syr. Zingib.), Syrup of Ginger, U.S.P.— Fluidextract of ginger (3%), in alcohol (2%) and syrup.
Dosage: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
*Tinctura Zingiberis (Tr. Zingib.), Tincture of Ginger, U.S.P.(Tincture of Jamaica Ginger).—Jamaica ginger (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 91 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
INDEX
In this index preference has been given to the English names of the various drugs. The Latin names are used only when they differ materially in spelling from the English.
Absinthium,5
Absorbent cotton (Gossypium purificatum),103
Acacia,5
and morphine syrup,134
mucilage,5
syrup,5
Aceta,5
Acetanilid,5
powder, compound,6
Acetic acid,6
acid, diluted,6
acid, glacial,6
ether,17
turpentine liniment,148
Acetomorphine (Diacetylmorphina),78
Acetone,6
Acetphenetidin,6
Acetum aromaticum,142
opii,149
scillae,192
Acid, acetic acid, boric acid, citric acid, etc.: See Acetic acid, Boric acid, Citric acid, etc.
Aconite,14
and chloroform liniment,15
extract,15
fluidextract,15
powdered extract (Extractum aconiti),15
root,14
tincture,15
Aconiti tuber (Aconitum),14
Aconitine,14
oleate,14
Actaea, compound syrup (Syrupus cimicifugae compositus),64
Adeps,15
benzoinatus,15
lanae,15
lanae hydrosus,16
Adhesive plaster (Emplastrum resinae),182
rosin (Emplastrum resinae),182
rubber (Emplastrum elasticum),182
Adjuvans elixir (Elixir glycyrrhizae),19
Adonis,16
fluidextract,16
Aether,16
aceticus,17
nitrosus,17
Aethylis carbamas,17
chloridum,17
Aethylmorphinae hydrochloridum,17
African chillies (Capsicum),55
Agar,18
Agar-Agar,18
Agaric,18
larch (Agaricus),18
white (Agaricus),18
Aitken tonic pills (pilulae ferri, quininae, strychninae et arseni mites),95
Albuminate of iron, solution,94
Alcohol,18
absolutum (Alcohol dehydratum),18
dehydrated,18
diluted,18
Aleppo galls (Galla),98
Aletris,19
fluidextract,19
Alexandria senna or India senna (Senna),194
Alkaline antiseptic solution,169
mixture of rhubarb,183
solution of tar,165
sulphur ointment,215
Allium,19
Allspice (Pimenta),163
oil (Oleum Pimentae),146
Almond, bitter oil,137
bitter, spirit (Spiritus Amygdalae amarae),138
bitter, water,137
elixir, compound,137
emulsion,29
milk (Emulsum amygdalae),29
oil, expressed,138
oil, sweet (Oleum amygdalae expressum),138
sweet,28
Aloes,19
and asafetida pills,20
and canella powder,21
and iron pills,20
and mastic pills,20
and myrrh pills,20
and myrrh tincture,21
and podophyllum compound pills,21
extract,20
iron, quinine and nux vomica pills,94
mercury and podophyllum pills,21
mercury and scammony compound pills,21
pills,20
powdered extract (Extractum aloes),20
tincture,21
Aloin,21
compound pills,22
strychnine and belladonna, compound pills,22
strychnine and belladonna pills,22
Alum,23
burnt (Alumen exsiccatum),23
dried (Alumen exsiccatum),23
exsiccated,23
Alumen,23
ustum (Alumen exsiccatum),23
Aluminum acetate,23
acetate solution,23
acetico-tartrate,24
acetico-tartrate solution,24
and zinc compound solution,230
chloride,24
hydroxide,24
subacetate,24
subacetate solution,24
sulphate,24
Althaea,22
leaves,23
syrup,22
American hellebore (Veratrum viride),225
spikenard (Aralia),32
wormseed oil (Oleum chenopodii),140
Aminoform (Hexamethylenamina),107
Ammonia,24
liniment,25
solution, anisated (Spiritus ammoniae anisatus),25
spirit, anisated,25
spirit, aromatic,26
water,24
water, stronger,24
Ammoniated camphor wash,25
glycyrrhizin,103
mercury,113
mercury ointment,113
tincture of ergot,82
tincture of guaiac,105
tincture of valerian,224
Ammonio-ferric citrate (Ferri et ammonii citras),87