Elixir Calcii et Sodii Glycerophosphatum (Elix. Calc. et Sod. Glycerophos.), Elixir of Calcium and Sodium Glycerophosphates, N.F.(Elixir Glycerophosphatum N.F. III).—Solution of sodium glycerophosphate (2.5%), calcium glycerophosphate (0.875%), phosphoric acid (0.8%), in glycerin, aromatic elixir and distilled water. Absolute alcohol content about 7 per cent.
Uses: An irrational and inefficient “tonic” mixture.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Calcii Hypophosphis (Calc. Hypophos.), Calcium Hypophosphite, U.S.P.—Ca(PH2O2)2.
Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and having a nauseous, bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:6.5) and insoluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: The hypophosphites were introduced as of special value in tuberculosis; later they were used as general reconstructive tonics, but there is no experimental or reliable clinical evidence that the hypophosphite radical has any value as such. Calcium hypophosphite must be regarded merely as a means of administering calcium.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.) in syrups.
Elixir Calcii Hypophosphitis (Elix. Calc. Hypophos.), Elixir of Calcium Hypophosphite, N.F.—Calcium hypophosphite (3.5%) in aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Elixir Hypophosphitum (Elix. Hypophos.), Elixir of Hypophosphites, N.F.—Calcium hypophosphite (5.25%), sodium hypophosphite and potassium hypophosphite (each 1.75%) in water, glycerin, compound spirit of cardamom and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Elixir Hypophosphitum et Ferri.—See underFerri Hypophosphis.
Liquor Hypophosphitum (Liq. Hypophos.), Solution of Hypophosphites, N.F.—Calcium hypophosphite (3.5%), sodium hypophosphite (2%) and potassium hypophosphite (1.75%) in water.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Liquor Hypophosphitum Compositus (Liq. Hypophos. Co.), Compound Solution of Hypophosphites, N.F.—Calcium hypophosphite and potassium hypophosphite (each 0.85%), sodium hypophosphite (0.22%), ferric hypophosphite (0.44%) and manganese hypophosphite (0.22%), quinine hypophosphite (0.22%), strychnine hypophosphite (0.007%) and potassium citrate in orange flower water, glycerin and water.
Uses: Complex and irrational mixture.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Syrupus Calcii et Sodii Hypophosphitum (Syr. Calc. et Sod. Hypophos.), Syrup of Calcium and Sodium Hypophosphites, N.F.—Calcium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite (each 3.5%), in sugar and water.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm. (N.F.).
Syrupus Calcii Hypophosphitis (Syr. Calc. Hypophos.), Syrup of Calcium Hypophosphite, N.F.—Calcium hypophosphite (3.5%) in sugar and water.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Syrupus Hypophosphitum (Syr. Hypophos.), Syrup of Hypophosphites, U.S.P.—Calcium hypophosphite (4.5%), potassium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite (each 1.5%) in glycerin and syrup.
Dosage: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
Syrupus Hypophosphitum Compositus (Syr. Hypophos. Co.), Compound Syrup of Hypophosphites, N.F.—Calcium hypophosphite (3.5%), potassium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite (each 1.75%), ferric hypophosphite and manganese hypophosphite (each 0.225%), quinine (0.11%), strychnine hypophosphite (0.0123%) and sodium citrate (0.375%) in glycerin and syrup.
Uses: Antiquated, complex and irrational “tonic.”
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Calcii Iodidum, Calcium Iodide.
Syrupus Calcii Iodidi (Syr. Calc. Iodid.), Syrup of Calcium Iodide, N.F.—Represents calcium iodide (8.75%) in syrup.
Uses: Superfluous, whether regarded as a calcium preparation or as an iodide preparation.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims.
*Calcii Lactas (Calc. Lact.), Calcium Lactate, U.S.P.—Ca(C3H5O3)2+ 5H2O.
White, odorless, practically tasteless masses or powder. Soluble in water (1:20) and almost insoluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: Used for the characteristic action of calcium; less irritating and therefore better adapted to hypodermic administration than calcium chloride (which see).
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.
Calcii Lactophosphas (Calc. Lactophos.), Calcium Lactophosphate, N.F.—A mixture of calcium lactate and calcium acid lactate with calcium acid phosphate.
White, odorless powder. Soluble in water; almost insoluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: Similar to but without advantage over the lactate. Not adapted to hypodermic use.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).
Elixir Calcii Lactophosphatis (Elix. Calc. Lactophos.), Elixir of Calcium Lactophosphate, N.F.—Calcium lactophosphate (3%) in compound spirit of orange, syrup, alcohol and distilled water. Absolute alcohol content about 19 per cent. Small and probably inefficient quantities of calcium.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Calcii Lactophosphatis (Elix. Cinchon., Ferr. et Calc. Lactophos.), Elixir ofCinchona Alkaloids, Iron and Calcium Lactophosphate, N.F.—(Elixir Cinchonae, Ferri et Calcii Lactophosphatis, N.F. III, Elixir of Calisaya, Iron and Lactophosphate of Lime).—Syrup of calcium lactophosphate (50%), potassium citrate (3%) and elixir of cinchona alkaloids and iron. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.
Uses: An irrational mixture, supposed to present seven active ingredients.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Syrupus Calcii Lactophosphatis (Syr. Calc. Lactophos.), Syrup of Calcium Lactophosphate, U.S.P.—Made by dissolving precipitated calcium carbonate (2.5%) in lactic acid (6%), phosphoric acid (3.6%) and a syrup containing orange flower water.
Dosage: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
Syrupus Calcii Lactophosphatis et Ferri (Syr. Calc. Lactophos. et Ferr.), Syrup of Calcium Lactophosphate and Iron, N.F.—Ferrous lactate and potassium citrate (each 0.85%) and syrup of calcium lactophosphate (about 99%).
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Calcii Phosphas Praecipitatus (Calc. Phos. Praec.), Precipitated Calcium Phosphate, N.F.—Ca3(PO4)2.
A bulky, white, odorless, tasteless powder. Practically insoluble in water and insoluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: Precipitated calcium phosphate has been given in the form of powders or mixtures for its action as a calcium salt, which is similar to but without advantage over the action of the carbonate. Because of its insolubility it is now seldom used.
Uses: Similar to but without advantage over the carbonate.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
Syrupus Calcii Hydrochlorophosphatis (Syr. Calc. Hydrochlorophos.), Syrup of Calcium Hydrochlorophosphate, N.F.(Syrupus Calcii Chlorhydrophosphatis, N.F. III).—Precipitated calcium phosphate (1.75%) flavored with tincture of lemon peel and dissolved in hydrochloric acid, water and syrup.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Calcii Sulphidum Crudum (Calc. Sulphid. Crud.), Crude Calcium Sulphide, U.S.P.(Calx Sulphurata, U.S.P. VIII, Sulphurated Lime).—CaS (not less than 55%).
A pale gray or yellowish powder, with a faint hydrogen sulphide odor and a nauseous, alkaline taste. Very slightly soluble in cold water, insoluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: Externally, depilatory similar to barium sulphide. Internally has been used to arrest and prevent suppuration especially in boils, carbuncles and pustular acne. There is no reliable evidence of its therapeutic usefulness.
Dosage: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.), in solution.
Liquor Calcis Sulphuratae (Liq. Calc. Sulphurat.), Solution of Sulphurated Lime, N.F.(Solution of Oxysulphuret of Calcium, Fleming’s Solution, Vleminckx’ Solution, Vleminckx’ Lotion).—A solution of calcium polysulphides and calcium thiosulphate produced by boiling together lime, sulphur and water.
Uses: Depilatory.
Calendula (Calend.), Calendula, N.F.(Marigold, Calendula Flowers).
Action and Uses: Locally, mild irritant, without material advantage over diluted alcohol. Internally, no definite indications for its use.
Fluidextractum Calendulae (Fldext. Calend.), Fluidextract of Calendula, N.F.—Calendula (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Tinctura Calendulae (Tr. Calend.), Tincture of Calendula, N.F.—Calendula (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
Calumba (Calumb.), Calumba, U.S.P.(Columba, Columbo, Colombo).—A root.
Action and Uses: Used as a simple bitter and stomachic. It appears to have no advantage over other bitters, for instance, gentian.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.); usually given in the form of the tincture.
Fluidextractum Calumbae (Fldext. Calumb.), Fluidextract of Calumba, N.F.—Calumba (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Tinctura Calumbae (Tr. Calumb.), Tincture of Calumba, U.S.P.—Calumba (20%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
*Calx (Calx), Calcium Oxide, U.S.P.(Lime, Quicklime).—CaO.
Hard, white, odorless masses with a caustic taste, forming with water calcium hydroxide, which is slightly soluble in water (1:84), insoluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: As liquor calcis (an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide), used as an antacid and mild alkali. As milk of lime (a mixture of calcium hydroxide and water), frequently used as a disinfectant.
*Linimentum Calcis (Lin. Calc.), Lime Liniment, U.S.P.(Carron Oil).—Lime water (50%) and linseed oil.
Uses: Topical application, used especially for burns.
*Liquor Calcis (Liq. Calc.), Solution of Calcium Hydroxide, U.S.P.(Lime Water).—Ca(OH)2(not less than 0.14%).
Dosage: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms.
*Calx Chlorinata (Calx Chlorin.), Chlorinated Lime, U.S.P.(“Chloride of Lime”).—A compound of calcium chloride and hypochlorite containing not less than 30 per cent. of available chlorine.
A white or grayish-white powder having a chlorine-like odor and a repulsive saline taste. Partially soluble in water or alcohol. Decomposed by acids with liberation of chlorine.
Action and Uses: Disinfectant, especially for excreta. Should be used liberally and left in contact for at least one hour. Widely used for treating contaminated drinking water.
Cambogia (Cambog.), Gamboge, U.S.P.(Pipe Gamboge).—A gum resin.
Odorless, grayish-orange-brown pieces or bright yellow powder, with a very acrid taste. Not less than 65 per cent. soluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: A powerful irritant hydragogue cathartic; not often employed alone. Usually administered in combination with other drugs.
Dosage: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.), in pills.
*Camphora (Camph.), Camphor, U.S.P.—A volatile solid obtained from the camphor tree.
Tough, white, translucent masses with a pungent odor and taste. Slightly soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether and fixed or volatile oils.
Action and Uses: Used hypodermically to stimulate the circulation and respiration in collapse. Opinions aredivided as to its efficiency. Locally, applied as a mild irritant and antiseptic.
Dosage: By mouth 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.). Hypodermic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.), as 10 per cent. solution in oil.
*Aqua Camphorae (Aq. Camph.), Camphor Water, U.S.P.—A saturated solution of camphor in water.
Dosage: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
Ceratum Camphorae (Cerat. Camph.), Camphor Cerate, N.F.—Camphor (2%), with cottonseed oil, white wax, white petrolatum and benzoinated lard.
Emplastrum Fuscum Camphoratum (Emp. Fusc. Camph.), Camphorated Brown Plaster, N.F.(Camphorated Motherplaster).—Camphor (1%), red oxide of lead, olive oil and yellow wax.
*Linimentum Camphorae (Lin. Camph.), Camphor Liniment, U.S.P.(Camphorated Oil).—Camphor (20%) in cottonseed oil.
Uses: Mild counterirritant. Note: This preparation, as found in drug stores, should never be used hypodermically.
Mistura Camphora Acida.—See underOpium.
Mistura Camphorae Aromatica.—See underOleum Lavandulae.
*Spiritus Camphorae (Sp. Camph.), Spirit of Camphor, U.S.P.—Camphor (10%), in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
Unguentum Camphorae (Ung. Camph.), Camphor Ointment, N.F.—Camphor (22%) in white wax and lard.
Unguentum Fuscum (Ung. Fusc.), Brown Ointment, N.F.(Unguentum Matris, Mother’s Salve).—Camphorated brown plaster (50%) olive oil and prepared suet.
Camphora Monobromata (Camph. Monobrom.), Monobromated Camphor, U.S.P.
Colorless crystals or white powder, with a mild camphoraceous odor and taste. Freely soluble in alcohol (1:6.5); almost insoluble in water.
Action and Uses: Formerly recommended as a sedative and hypnotic but now seldom used. Value doubtful.
Dosage: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.).
Canella (Canell.), Canella, N.F.—A bark.
Action and Uses: Obsolete aromatic bitter, without advantage over gentian.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Cannabis (Cannab.), Cannabis, U.S.P.(Cannabis Indica, U.S.P. VIII).—Flowering tops ofCannabis sativa(or var.indica).
Action and Uses: A narcotic poison, producing a mild delirium. Used in sedative mixtures, but of doubtful value. Also employed to color corn remedies.
Extractum Cannabis (Ext. Cannab.), Extract of Cannabis, U.S.P.—Assayed biologically by producing incoordination in dogs.
Dosage: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe extract of cannabis should specify the biologically assayed preparation.
Fluidextractum Cannabis (Fldext. Cannab.), Fluidextract of Cannabis, U.S.P.—Cannabis (100%). Assayed biologically by producing incoordination in dogs. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Dosage: 0.1 Cc. or 1-1/2 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe fluidextract of cannabis should specify the biologically assayed preparation.
Tinctura Cannabis (Tr. Cannab.), Tincture of Cannabis, U.S.P.(Tinctura Cannabis Indicae, U.S.P. VIII).—Cannabis (10%) in alcohol. Assayed biologically by producing incoordination in dogs. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
Dosage: 0.75 Cc. or 12 minims (U.S.P.). Those physicians who prescribe tincture of cannabis should specify the biologically assayed preparation.
*Cantharis (Canthar.), Cantharides, U.S.P.(Spanish Flies, Russian Flies).—A beetle.
Action and Uses: Externally, rubefacient and vesicant. Internally, genito-urinary irritant, often producing serious nephritis. Its internal use is probably never justified.
*Ceratum Cantharidis (Cerat. Canthar.), Cantharides Cerate, U.S.P.(Blistering Cerate).—Cantharides (35%) with turpentine, glacial acetic acid, yellow wax, rosin and benzoinated lard.
Collodium Cantharidatum (Collod. Canth.), Cantharidal Collodion, U.S.P.(Blistering Collodion, Vesicating Collodion).—The glacial acetic acid acetone extract from cantharides (60%) in flexible collodion.
Emplastrum Cantharidis (Emp. Canthar.), Cantharides Plaster, U.S.P.—Cantharides cerate spread on rosinplaster. Each square centimeter of spread plaster contains 0.1 Gm. of cantharides cerate.
Uses: Convenient form for applying cantharides as a vesicant. Requires from six to eight hours to produce a blister. May produce poisoning by absorption through the skin.
*Tinctura Cantharidis (Tr. Canthar.), Tincture of Cantharides, U.S.P.(Cantharidis Tinctura P.I.).—Cantharides (10%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
*Capsicum (Capsic.), Capsicum, U.S.P.(Cayenne Pepper, African Chillies).—Fruit.
Action and Uses: Carminative and rubefacient; also stomachic, especially in alcoholic gastritis (as the tincture).
Emplastrum Capsici (Emp. Capsic.), Capsicum Plaster, U.S.P.—Oleoresin of capsicum spread on rubber plaster. Each 15 square cm. of spread plaster contains 0.25 Gm. of oleoresin of capsicum.
Oleoresina Capsici (Oleores. Capsic.), Oleoresin of Capsicum, U.S.P.—Highly irritant.
Dosage: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).
*Tinctura Capsici (Tr. Capsic.), Tincture of Capsicum, U.S.P.—Capsicum (10%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 88 per cent.
Dosage: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).
Tinctura Capsici et Myrrhae (Tr. Capsic. et Myrrh.), Tincture of Capsicum and Myrrh, N.F.(Hot Drops, Thomsonian Number Six).—Capsicum (3%) and myrrh (12%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 85 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Caramel (Caram.), Caramel, N.F.(Saccharum Ustum, Burnt Sugar Coloring).
A dark brown, syrupy, somewhat bitter liquid. Soluble in water and in diluted alcohol; insoluble in 80 per cent. alcohol.
Action and Uses: Used in pharmacy as a brown coloring agent.
Tinctura Caramellis, Tincture of Caramel, N.F.—Caramel in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
*Carbo Ligni (Carbo Lig.), Wood Charcoal, U.S.P.(Charcoal).—Powdered wood charcoal.
Action and Uses: Absorbent of gases and dissolved substances. Used internally against digestive disorders and vegetable poisons but of doubtful value. Locally employed as a deodorant, for fetid ulcers, usually in the form of a poultice.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains, in powder or suspension.
Trochisci Carbonis Ligni (Troch. Carb. Lig.), Troches of Charcoal, N.F.—Charcoal with tragacanth, sugar and vanillin.
Dosage: 1 troche (N.F.).
*Cardamomi Semen (Cardam. Sem.), Cardamom Seed, U.S.P.(Cardamomum, U.S.P. VIII).
Action and Uses: Used as flavor and carminative. Frequently added to purgatives, as in the compound extract of colocynth, with the object of diminishing griping.
*Tinctura Cardamomi (Tr. Cardam.), Tincture of Cardamom, U.S.P.—Cardamom seed (15%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 46 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Tinctura Cardamomi Composita (Tr. Cardamom. Co.), Compound Tincture of Cardamom, U.S.P.—Cardamom seed, Saigon cinnamon, caraway and cochineal in alcohol, glycerin and water. Absolute alcohol content about 46 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
Carminum (Carmin.), Carmine, N.F.—From cochineal.
Action and Uses: Used in pharmacy as a red coloring agent.
Liquor Carmini (Liq. Carmin.), Solution of Carmine, N.F.—Carmine in ammonia water, glycerin and water.
Caro, Beef.
Extractum Carnis (Ext. Carnis), Extract of Beef, N.F.(Beef Extract).—Residue from evaporation of beef broth.
Action and Uses: Stimulant and flavor; not a nutrient tonic, as was believed at one time. The “wines” are without real value and can easily be misused as beverages.
Vinum Carnis (Vin. Carn.), Wine of Beef, N.F.(Beef and Wine).—Extract of beef (3%) in water, syrup, alcohol, compound spirit of orange and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Vinum Carnis et Ferri (Vin. Carn. et Ferr.), Wine of Beef and Iron, N.F.(Beef, Wine and Iron).—Extract of beef (3%), iron and ammonium citrate, water, syrup, alcohol, compound spirit of orange and sherry wine.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Carum (Carum), Caraway, U.S.P.(Carawayseed).
Action and Uses: Aromatic carminative. Similar to anise and fennel.
*Caryophyllus (Caryoph.), Clove, U.S.P.(Cloves).
Action and Uses: Aromatic carminative and counterirritant.
Pulvis Aromaticus Rubefaciens (Pulv. Arom. Rubefac.), Rubefacient Spice Powder, N.F.(Replacing Emplastrum Aromaticum, N.F. III).—Clove, Saigon cinnamon, ginger and capsicum.
*Cascara Sagrada (Case. Sagr.), Cascara Sagrada, U.S.P.(Rhamnus Purshiana, U.S.P. VIII).—A bark.
Action and Uses: Laxative, acting mainly on the colon. Widely used for habitual constipation. Has little tendency to produce secondary constipation.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Elixir Cascarae Sagradae (Elix. Cascar. Sagr.), Elixir of Cascara Sagrada, N.F.(Elixir Rhamni Purshianae, N.F. III).—Aromatic fluidextract of cascara sagrada (50%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 22 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Elixir Cascarae Sagradae Compositum (Elix. Cascar. Sagr. Co.), Compound Elixir of Cascara Sagrada, N.F.(Elixir Rhamni Purshianae Co., N.F. III, Laxative Elixir).—Aromatic fluidextract of cascara sagrada (12.5%), fluidextract of senna (7.5%), fluidextract of juglans (6.5%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 24 per cent.
Uses: Needlessly complicated laxative.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
*Extractum Cascarae Sagradae (Ext. Cascar. Sagr.), Extract of Cascara Sagrada, U.S.P.(Extractum Rhamni Purshianae, U.S.P. VIII, Powdered Extract of Cascara Sagrada).—One Gm. extract represents 3 Gm. cascara sagrada.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
*Fluidextractum Cascarae Sagradae (Fldext. Cascar. Sagr.), Fluidextract of Cascara Sagrada, U.S.P.(Fluidextractum Rhamni Purshianae, U.S.P. VIII).—Cascara sagrada (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent. Bitter, unpleasant taste.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
*Fluidextractum Cascarae Sagradae Aromaticum (Fldext. Cascar. Sagr. Arom.), Aromatic Fluidextract of Cascara Sagrada, U.S.P.(Fluidextractum Rhamni Purshianae Aromaticum, U.S.P. VIII).—Sweetened and flavored fluidextract. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent. Not so bitter, but less effective than the plain fluidextract.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Fluidglyceratum Cascarae Sagradae (Fldglycer. Cascar. Sagr.), Fluidglycerate of Cascara Sagrada, N.F.—Cascara sagrada (100%) in water and glycerin.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
Fluidglyceratum Cascarae Sagradae Aromaticum (Fldglycer. Cascar. Sagr. Arom.), Aromatic Fluidglycerate of Cascara Sagrada, N.F.—Cascara sagrada (75%) and fluidglycerate of glycyrrhiza (25%) with oils of fennel, clove and cinnamon, in water and glycerin.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
Cascarilla (Cascarill.), Cascarilla, N.F.(Sweetwood Bark, Sweet Bark).
Action and Uses: Aromatic bitter, without advantage over gentian.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Cassia Fistula (Cass. Fist.), Cassia Fistula, N.F.(Purging Cassia).—Dried fruit.
Action and Uses: Obsolete laxative, without advantage over senna.
Dosage: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
Castanea (Castan.), Castanea, N.F.(Chestnut Leaves).
Action and Uses: Astringent; no definite indications for its use.
Dosage: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Castaneae (Fldext. Castan.), Fluidextract of Chestnut Leaves, N.F.—Chestnut leaves (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 15 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
CATAPLASMATA, POULTICES.—Poultices are soft solid preparations used for the purpose of applying heat and moisture to localized areas of the body. Poultices may also be made the means of applying counterirritant drugs.
Cataria (Catar.), Catnep, N.F.(Catmint).—Leaves and flowering tops.
Action and Uses: Aromatic carminative, without advantage over peppermint.
Dosage: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Catariae (Fldext. Catar.), Fluidextract of Catnep, N.F.—Catnep (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 35 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Caulophyllum (Caulophyl.), Caulophyllum, N.F.(Blue Cohosh, Papoose Root, Squaw Root).—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: Said to be diuretic and emmenagogue; has not been adequately studied.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Caulophylli (Fldext. Caulophyl.), Fluidextract of Caulophyllum, N.F.—Caulophyllum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).
Centaurium (Centaur.), Centaury, N.F.—Flowering plant.
Action and Uses: Bitter stomachic; without advantage over gentian. Also used in “female remedies,” but probably useless.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
*Cera Alba (Cer. Alb.), White Wax, U.S.P.—Yellow wax bleached.
Action and Uses: Used in the preparation of emollient ointments, and to raise the melting point of mixtures of oils and fats.
Ceratum (Cerat.), Cerate, U.S.P.(Simple Cerate).—White wax (30%) and benzoinated lard.
*Cera Flava (Cer. Flav.), Yellow Wax, U.S.P.(Beeswax).
Action and Uses: Used in the making of plasters and of ointments in which the color is not objectionable.
CERATAE, CERATES.—Cerates are solid ointment-like preparations containing wax to prevent them from becoming soft at ordinary room temperature.
Cerevisiae Fermentum Compressum (Cerev. Ferm. Compr.), Compressed Yeast, N.F.—The commercial compressed yeast.
Action and Uses: For use in making fermented milk (Lac Fermentatum), which see underLac Vaccinum.
Cerii Oxalas (Cerii Oxal.), Cerium Oxalate, U.S.P.—A mixture of the oxalates of cerium, didymium, lanthanum, and other associated elements.
White or pinkish, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water, alcohol and ether.
Action and Uses: Formerly used for the treatment of chronic vomiting but probably without value.
Dosage: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.), in powders, cachets or capsules.
Cetaceum (Cetac.), Spermaceti, U.S.P.—A solid fat from the sperm whale.
White, nearly odorless, unctuous masses, with a bland, mild taste. Insoluble in water and nearly insoluble in cold alcohol.
Action and Uses: Used as a component of cerates and cold creams.
CHARTAE, PAPERS.—Papers are pieces of unsized paper saturated with or pieces of hard-surfaced papers coated with a medicinal substance.
Chimaphila (Chimaph.), Chimaphila, N.F.(Pipsissewa).—Leaves.
Action and Uses: Obsolete; no definite indications for its use. Has been described as “tonic, astringent, diuretic.”
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Chimaphilae (Fldext. Chimaphil.), Fluidextract of Chimaphila, N.F.—Chimaphila (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Chionanthus (Chionanth.), Chionanthus, N.F.(Fringe Tree Bark).—Bark of the root.
Action and Uses: Obsolete; no definite indications for its use. Formerly used by eclectics and homeopaths in hepatic disorders and syphilis.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Chionanthi (Fldext. Chionanth.), Fluidextract of Chionanthus, N.F.—Chionanthus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Chirata (Chirat.), Chirata, N.F.(Chiretta).—Plant.
Action and Uses: Bitter stomachic, similar to and without advantage over gentian.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Chiratae (Fldext. Chirat.), Fluidextract of Chirata, N.F.—Chirata (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
Chloral Camphoratum (Chloral Camph.), Camphorated Chloral, N.F.—Equal parts of hydrated chloral and camphor.
An oily liquid with a camphoraceous odor.
Action and Uses: Local rubefacient and analgesic.
*Chloralum Hydratum (Chloral. Hydrat.), Hydrated Chloral, U.S.P.(“Chloral,” Chloral Hydrate).—CCl3.CHO + H2O.
Colorless, transparent crystals, with an aromatic, penetrating odor and a bitterish, caustic taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.25) and in alcohol (1:1.3).
Action and Uses: A reliable hypnotic in moderate doses, inducing a condition closely resembling that of normal sleep. Used for the relief of insomnia and nervousness, and for the control of convulsions and spasms. Should be used with special caution in cases of weakened heart or blood vessels. Continued use is likely to produce a habit.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in solution. Decomposed by alkalies; should not be dispensed in liquids containing both bromides and alcohol.
Mistura Chloralis et Potassii Bromidi Composita (Mist. Chloral. et Pot. Brom. Co.), Compound Mixture of Chloral and Potassium Bromide, N.F.(Chloral and Bromide Compound).—Hydrated chloral (20%), potassium bromide (20%), extract of hyoscyamus (0.2%) in water. The formula calls for cannabis but this is filtered out.
Uses: Similar in composition to the widely advertised nostrum Bromidia and equally irrational and objectionable.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
*Chloroformum (Chlorof.), Chloroform, U.S.P.—CHCl3.
A clear, colorless liquid, with an ethereal odor and a burning, sweet taste. Slightly soluble (1:210) in water and miscible with alcohol, ether, petroleum benzin or fixed or volatile oils. Decomposed by alkalies.
Action and Uses: General anesthetic, administered by inhalation. Locally, a penetrating and fairly powerful irritant. Frequently used in the form of liniments. Taken by mouth in small doses, carminative, anodyne and antiseptic. Larger doses are anthelmintic but dangerous. A direct cardiac depressant.
Dosage: 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (U.S.P.), diluted.
*Aqua Chloroformi (Aq. Chlorof.), Chloroform Water, U.S.P.—A saturated solution of chloroform in water.
Dosage: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
*Linimentum Chloroformi (Lin. Chlorof.), Chloroform Liniment, U.S.P.—A mixture of chloroform (30%) and soap liniment. Fairly active counterirritant.
Mistura Chloroformi et Morphinae Composita (Mist. Chlorof. et Morph. Co.), Compound Mixture of Chloroform and Morphine, N.F.(Mistura Chloroformi et Cannabis Indicae Composita, N.F. III, Chloroform Anodyne).—Morphine sulphate (0.25%), chloroform (12.5%), ether (3.25%), tincture of cannabis (18.5%), tincture of capsicum, oil of peppermint, glycerin, water and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Uses: An evident imitation of the nostrum sold as chloranodyne, and equally irrational and objectionable.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Petroxolinum Chloroformi Camphoratum (Petrox. Chlorof. Camph.), Camphorated Chloroform Petroxolin, N.F.(Camphor and Chloroform Petrox).—Chloroform (25%), camphor (25%) and liquid petroxolin.
*Spiritus Chloroformi (Sp. Chlorof.), Spirit of Chloroform, U.S.P.—Chloroform (6%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Chlorum, Chlorine.—Cl.
Liquor Chlori Compositus (Liq. Chlor. Co.), Compound Solution of Chlorine, N.F.(Chlorine Water).—A solution containing chlorine, oxides of chlorine and hydrochloric acid made by treating potassium chlorate with hydrochloric acid and dissolving the gases produced in water.
Uses: Antiseptic.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Chondrus (Chondrus), Chondrus, U.S.P.(Irish Moss, Carrageen).—Plant.
Action and Uses: Demulcent and lubricant, possessing no advantages over other gums, acacia, for instance.
Gelatinum Chondri (Gelat. Chondr.), Chondrus Gelatin, N.F.(Irish Moss Gelatin).—Obtained by extraction with hot water and evaporation to semifluid consistency.
Mucilago Chondri (Mucil. Chondr.), Mucilage of Chondrus, N.F.(Mucilage of Irish Moss).—Chondrus (3%) in water.
*Chromii Trioxidum (Chrom. Triox.), Chromium Trioxide, U.S.P.(“Chromic Acid,” Chromic Anhydride).—CrO3.
Dark purplish-red, odorless, deliquescent crystals. Very soluble in water (1:0.6). Decomposes, sometimes with dangerous violence, when brought into contact with organic solvents like alcohol and glycerin. Incompatible with most organic substances.
Action and Uses: A powerful oxidizing agent and caustic. Its action is somewhat difficult to control.
*Chrysarobinum (Chrysarob.), Chrysarobin, U.S.P.—Neutral principles from Goa powder.
Brownish to orange-yellow, tasteless, odorless powder, irritating to the mucous membrane. Slightly soluble in alcohol (1:385), soluble in chloroform (1:12.5) and very slightly soluble in water.
Action and Uses: Antiseptic and antiparasitic; a powerful irritant to the skin, used chiefly in the treatment of psoriasis, trichophytosis and alopecia areata.
*Unguentum Chrysarobini (Ung. Chrysarobin.), Chrysarobin Ointment, U.S.P.—Chrysarobin (6%) in benzoinated lard.
Cimicifuga (Cimicif.), Cimicifuga, U.S.P.(Black Snake-root, Black Cohosh, Macrotys).—A rhizome.
Action and Uses: One of the class of “domestic medicines” that were tried for a great variety of conditions (used as “stomachic, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac, diaphoretic, diuretic and expectorant”), but which have not been found to possess definite value.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Extractum Cimicifugae (Ext. Cimicif.), Extract of Cimicifuga, U.S.P.(Powdered Extract of Cimicifuga).—One Gm. extract represents 4 Gm. cimicifuga.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Cimicifuga (Fldext. Cimicif.), Fluidextract of Cimicifuga, U.S.P.(Fluidextract of Black Cohosh, Fluidextract of Black Snakeroot).—Cimicifuga (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
Syrupus Cimicifugae Compositus (Syr. Cimicif. Co.), Compound Syrup of Cimicifuga, N.F.(Syrupus Actaeae Compositus, N.F. III, Compound Syrup of Actaea).—Fluidextract of cimicifuga (4%), fluidextract of senega (2%), fluidextract of ipecac (1%), fluidextract of glycyrrhiza, wild cherry, sugar and water. Absolute alcohol content about 5 per cent.
Uses: Complex expectorant.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Tinctura Cimicifugae (Tr. Cimicif.), Tincture of Cimicifuga, N.F.—Cimicifuga (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
*Cinchona (Cinch.), Cinchona, U.S.P.(Yellow Cinchona, Calisaya Bark, Yellow Peruvian Bark).—Yields not less than 5 per cent. of alkaloids.
Action and Uses: Astringent bitter tonic.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum and Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Hypophosphitum.—See underQuininae Sulphas.
Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Ferri.—See underFerri Phosphas.
Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri, Bismuthi et Strychninae and Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Strychninae.—See underStrychninae Sulphas.
Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Bismuthi.—See underBismuthi et Sodii Tartras.
Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Calcii Lactophosphatis.—See underCalcii Lactophosphas.
Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Pepsini.—See underPepsinum.
Extractum Cinchonae (Ext. Cinchon.), Extract of Cinchona, N.F.—A hydroalcoholic extract diluted with glucose, yielding about 24 per cent. of cinchona alkaloids.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Cinchonae (Fldext. Cinchon.), Fluidextract of Cinchona, U.S.P.—Cinchona (100%) yielding about 4.5 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Cinchonae Aquosum (Fldext. Cinchon. Aq.), Aqueous Fluidextract of Cinchona, N.F.—Cinchona (100%), yielding about 5 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
Infusum Cinchonae (Inf. Cinchon.), Infusion of Cinchona, N.F.—Cinchona (6%), aromatic sulphuric acid (1%) and water.
Dosage: 50 Cc. or 12 fluidrachms (N.F.).
*Tinctura Cinchonae (Tr. Cinch.), Tincture of Cinchona, U.S.P.—Cinchona (20%), yielding about 0.9 per cent. of alkaloids; in alcohol, glycerin and water. Absolute alcohol content about 63 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
Cinchona Rubra (Cinch. Rub.), Red Cinchona, U.S.P.(Red Peruvian Bark).—Yields not less than 5 per cent. of alkaloids.
Action and Uses: Identical with those of cinchona. Used as ingredient of the compound tincture of cinchona.
*Tinctura Cinchonae Composita (Tr. Cinch. Co.), Compound Tincture of Cinchona, U.S.P.—Red cinchona (10%), yielding about 0.45 per cent. of cinchona alkaloids, serpentaria (2%) and bitter orange peel, in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 64 per cent.
Uses: Aromatic astringent bitter, of high alcoholic content; superfluous.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
Cinchonidinae Sulphas (Cinchonid. Sulph.), Cinchonidine Sulphate, U.S.P.—The sulphate of the alkaloid cinchonidine, obtained from cinchona bark.
White, glistening, odorless needles with a very bitter taste. Soluble in water (1:65) and in alcohol (1:90).
Action and Uses: Formerly used as a cheap substitute for quinine sulphate, over which it possesses no advantage, being less efficient and more convulsant.
Dosage: 0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains (U.S.P.).
Cinchoninae Sulphas (Cinchonin. Sulph.), Cinchonine Sulphate, U.S.P.—The sulphate of the alkaloid cinchonine, obtained from cinchona bark.
White, lustrous, odorless crystals with a very bitter taste. Soluble in water (1:60) and in alcohol (1:12.5).
Action and Uses: Similar to those of cinchonidine sulphate.
Dosage: 0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains (U.S.P.).
*Cinnamomum Saigonicum (Cinnam. Saigon.), Saigon Cinnamon, U.S.P.—A bark.
Action and Uses: Carminative, antiseptic, somewhat astringent, occasionally administered in diarrhea.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), in powder.
Fluidextractum Aromaticum (Fldext. Aromat.), Aromatic Fluidextract, U.S.P.—Aromatic powder (100%), extracted with alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
Pulvis Aromaticus (Pulv. Arom.), Aromatic Powder, U.S.P.—Saigon cinnamon, Jamaica ginger, cardamom seed and nutmeg.
Uses: Carminative.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Pulvis Cretae Aromaticus (Pulv. Cret. Arom.), Aromatic Powder of Chalk, N.F.—Saigon cinnamon, nutmeg, clove, cardamom seed, prepared chalk and sugar.
Uses: Antidiarrheic.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Syrupus Cinnamomi (Syr. Cinnam.), Syrup of Cinnamon, N.F.—Saigon cinnamon, alcohol and syrup.
Uses: Flavoring vehicle.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Tinctura Aromatica (Tr. Arom.), Aromatic Tincture, N.F.—Saigon cinnamon, Jamaica ginger, galangal, clove, cardamom seed, extracted with a mixture of alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 63 per cent.
Uses: Aromatic carminative, complex and without special advantage over other carminatives, as, for instance, tincture of cardamom.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Tinctura Cinnamomi (Tr. Cinnam.), Tincture of Cinnamon, U.S.P.—Saigon cinnamon in alcohol, glycerin and water. Absolute alcohol content about 63 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum (Cinnam. Zeylan.), Ceylon Cinnamon, U.S.P.—A bark.
Action and Uses: Same as those of Saigon cinnamon.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
*Cocaina (Cocain.), Cocaine, U.S.P.—An alkaloid obtained from coca leaves.
Large colorless prisms or a white powder; odorless. Slightly soluble in water (1:600) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:6.5) and in chloroform (1:0.7).
Action and Uses: A local anesthetic, paralyzing the peripheral sensory nerves and also contracting the blood vessels. Acute systemic poisoning is often caused by its local use on mucous membranes. Stimulant to the central nervous system, but such use is inadvisable because of danger of habit-formation.
Dosage: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.).
Oleatum Cocainae (Oleat. Cocain.), Oleate of Cocaine, N.F.—Cocaine (5%) in alcohol, oleic acid and olive oil.
*Cocainae Hydrochloridum (Cocain. Hydrochl.), Cocaine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.(Cocaine Chloride, Cocainum Hydrochloricum, P.I.).
Colorless crystals, flaky leaflets or a white powder; odorless. Freely soluble in water (1:0.4) and in alcohol (1:3.2), and soluble in chloroform (1:12.5). Incompatible with borax, mercuric chloride, alkalies and alkali carbonates, phenol, tannic acid, mercuric oxide, and soluble silver salts.
Action and Uses: Local anesthetic.
Dosage: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.). For local anesthesia in 0.2 to 1.0 per cent. solution when used hypodermatically, and in 1 to 4 per cent. solution when applied to mucous membranes.
Cocculus Indicus (Coccul. Ind.), Cocculus Indicus, N.F.(Fish Berry, Indian Berry).—A fruit.
Action and Uses: Source of picrotoxin. An alcoholic extract has been used for destroying pediculi.
Tinctura Cocculi Indici (Tr. Coccul. Ind.), Tincture of Cocculus Indicus, N.F.—Cocculus indicus (10%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.
Coccus (Coccus), Cochineal, U.S.P.—A dried insect.
Action and Uses: Coloring agent.
Liquor Cocci (Liq. Cocci), Cochineal Color, N.F.—A glycerin-alcohol-water solution of cochineal.
Cocillana (Cocillan.), Cocillana, N.F.—A bark.
Action and Uses: Nauseant expectorant, similar to but without advantage over ipecac. The proprietary syrup contains heroin.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Cocillanae (Fldext. Cocillan.), Fluidextract of Cocillana, N.F.—Cocillana (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
*Codeina (Codein.), Codeine, U.S.P.(Methylmorphine).—An alkaloid obtained from opium, or prepared from morphine by methylation.
Colorless, translucent prisms or a white powder; odorless. Slightly soluble in water (1:120) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:2) and in chloroform (1:0.5).
Action and Uses: Analgesic, hypnotic and sedative. It is perhaps the best modification of morphine for use in coughs. As compared with morphine it is less constipating and less apt to induce a drug habit. The phosphate and sulphate are preferred for hypodermic use.
Dosage: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).
Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Codeinae (Elix. Terpin. Hyd. et Codein.), Elixir of Terpin Hydrate and Codeine, N.F.—Codeine (0.2%) and elixir of terpin hydrate. Absolute alcohol content about 42 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.). This dose contains about 0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain of codeine, and about 0.07 Gm. or 1-1/6 grains of terpin hydrate.
*Codeinae Phosphas (Codein. Phos.), Codeine Phosphate, U.S.P.
White, odorless, efflorescent powder. Freely soluble in water (1:2.3) and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:325).
Action and Uses: Same as those of codeine; preferred for hypodermic use.
Dosage: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).
*Codeinae Sulphas (Codein. Sulph.), Codeine Sulphate, U.S.P.
White, odorless, efflorescent crystals or powder. Soluble in water (1:30) and very slightly soluble in alcohol (1:1280).
Action and Uses: Same as those of codeine. Preferred for hypodermic injections.
Dosage: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).
Syrupus Codeinae (Syr. Codein.), Syrup of Codeine, N.F.—Codeine sulphate (0.2%) and syrup.
Uses: Superfluous.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Coffea Tosta (Coff. Tost.), Coffee, N.F.(Roasted Coffee).
Action and Uses: Beverage and flavor.
Fluidextractum Coffeae (Fldext. Coff.), Fluidextract of Coffee, N.F.(Fluidextractum Coffeae Tostae, N.F. III).—Coffee (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Colchici Cormus (Colch. Corm.), Colchicum Corm, U.S.P.(Colchicum Root).—Yields not less than 0.35 per cent. of colchicine.
Action and Uses: Said to be antineuralgic and analgesic; frequently used in the treatment of acute gouty attacks and to some extent to ward off such attacks. Full doses produce watery stools and abdominal pains.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), in pills; or preferably as the tincture.
Extractum Colchici Cormi (Ext. Colch. Corm.), Extract of Colchicum Corm, U.S.P.(Powdered Extract of Colchicum Corm).—One Gm. extract represents 4 Gm. colchicum corm and yields about 1.4 per cent. of colchicine.
Dosage: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Colchici Cormi (Fldext. Colch. Corm.), Fluidextract of Colchicum Corm, N.F.—Colchicum corm (100%), yielding about 0.35 per cent. of colchicine. Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
Dosage: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (N.F.).
Vinum Colchici Cormi (Vin. Colchic. Corm.), Wine of Colchicum Corm, N.F.—Colchicum corm (40%) yielding about 0.14 per cent. of colchicine, in alcohol and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.
Dosage: 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.).
*Colchici Semen (Colch. Sem.), Colchicum Seed, U.S.P.(Colchici Semen P.I.).—Yields not less than 0.45 per cent. of colchicine.
Action and Uses: Same as those of colchicum corm.
Dosage: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Colchici Seminis (Fldext. Colch. Sem.), Fluidextract of Colchicum Seed, U.S.P.—Colchicum seed (100%), yielding about 0.4 per cent. of colchicine. Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
Dosage: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
*Tinctura Colchici Seminis (Tr. Colch. Sem.), Tincture of Colchicum Seed, U.S.P.(Colchici Tinctura P.I.).—Colchicum seed (10%), yielding about 0.04 per cent. of colchicine; in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 56 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Vinum Colchici Seminis (Vin. Colch. Sem.), Wine of Colchicum Seed, N.F.—Fluidextract of colchicum seed (10%), yielding about 0.04 per cent. of colchicine; in alcohol and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 35 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Colchicina (Colchicina), Colchicine, U.S.P.—An alkaloid obtained from colchicum.
Pale yellow, odorless scales or powder. Freely soluble in alcohol, soluble in water (1:22) and slightly soluble in ether (1:220).
Action and Uses: Same as those of colchicum corm.
Dosage: 0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain.
COLLODIA, COLLODIONS.—Collodions are solutions of pyroxylin or soluble gun cotton with medicinal agents, for external application. For the official collodions see under the names of the principal ingredients. In particular, for Collodium, see underPyroxylin; for Collodium Flexible, underOleum Ricini; and for Collodium Stypticum, underAcidum Tannicum.
*Colocynthis (Colocyn.), Colocynth, U.S.P.(Colocynth Pulp, Bitter Apple, Colocynth Apple).
Action and Uses: A powerful irritant hydragogue cathartic. Because of its drastic nature it is rarely used alone. The various compound pills listed below are needlessly complex and therefore irrational. Because of their irritant character, they are especially unsuited for continued use.
Dosage: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain.
*Extractum Colocynthidis (Ext. Colocynth.), Extract of Colocynth, U.S.P.(Powdered Extract of Colocynth).—One Gm. of extract represents 4 Gm. of colocynth.
Dosage: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.).
*Extractum Colocynthidis Compositum (Ext. Colocynth. Co.), Compound Extract of Colocynth, U.S.P.(Powdered Compound Extract of Colocynth).—Extract of colocynth (16%), aloes (50%), resin of scammony (14%), cardamom seed and soap.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
Pilulae Catharticae Compositae (Pil. Cathart. Co.), Compound Cathartic Pills, U.S.P.—Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.08 Gm. or 1-1/3 grains), mild mercurous chloride (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain), resin of jalap (0.02 Gm. or 1/3 grain) and gamboge (0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain).
Dosage: 2 pills (U.S.P.).
Pilulae Catharticae Vegetabiles (Pil. Cathart. Veget.), Vegetable Cathartic Pills, N.F.—Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain), extract of hyoscyamus (0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain), resin of jalap (0.02 Gm. or 1/3 grain), extract of leptandra and resin of podophyllum (each 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain) with oil of peppermint.
Dosage: 2 pills (N.F.).
Pilulae Colocynthidis Compositae (Pil. Colocynth. Co.), Compound Pills of Colocynth, N.F.(Pilulae Cocciae, Cochia Pills).—Each pill contains extract of colocynth (0.011 Gm. or 1/6 grain), aloes and resin of scammony (each 0.13 Gm. or 2 grains), with oil of clove.
Dosage: 1 pill (N.F.).
Pilulae Colocynthidis et Hyoscyami (Pil. Colocynth. et Hyoscy.), Pills of Colocynth and Hyoscyamus, N.F.—Each pill contains extract of colocynth (0.0065 Gm. or 1/10 grain), aloes, resin of scammony and extract of hyoscyamus (each 0.097 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains) and oil of clove.
Dosage: 1 pill (N.F.).
Pilulae Colocynthidis et Podophylli (Pil. Colocynth. et Podoph.), Pills of Colocynth and Podophyllum, N.F.—Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.162 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains) and resin of podophyllum (0.016 Gm. or 1/4 grain) with syrup.
Dosage: 1 pill (N.F.).
Pilulae Laxativae Post Partum (Pil. Lax. Post Part.), Post Partum Laxative Pills, N.F.(Barker’s Post Partum Pills).—Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.11 Gm. or 1-2/3 grains), Socotrine aloes (0.055 Gm. or 7/8 grain), extract of nux vomica (0.025 Gm. or 2/5 grain), resin of podophyllum and ipecac (each 0.005 Gm. or 1/12 grain) and extract of hyoscyamus (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain).