Action and Uses: A hematinic, relatively non-irritant; given preferably just before meals in the form of pills or powder enclosed in capsules or cachets.
Dosage: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain.
Pilulae Ferri, Quininae, Strychninae et Arseni Fortiores (Pil. Ferr., Quin., Strych. et Arsen. Fort.), Stronger Pills of Iron, Quinine, Strychnine, and Arsenic, N.F.(Pilulae Metallorum, N.F. III, Metallic Pills, Pilulae Metallorum Amarae, Bitter Metallic Pills).—Each pill contains reduced iron and quinine sulphate (each 0.065 Gm. or 1 grain), strychnine and arsenic trioxide (each 0.0032 Gm. or 1/20 grain) with clarified honey.
Uses: Complex and irrational tonic.
Dosage: 1 pill (N.F.).
Pilulae Ferri, Quininae, Strychninae et Arseni Mites (Pil. Ferr., Quin., Strych. et Arsen. Mit.), Mild Pills of Iron, Quinine, Strychnine and Arsenic, N.F.(Aitken Tonic Pills).—Each pill contains reduced iron (0.045 Gm. or 2/3 grain), quinine sulphate (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain), strychnine and arsenic trioxide (each 0.0013 Gm. or 1/50 grain) with clarified honey.
Uses: Complex and irrational tonic.
Dosage: 1 pill (N.F.).
Note:—The prescribing of iron can be greatly simplified, without sacrificing anything of real value, if physicians will confine themselves to the starred preparations.
Ficus (Ficus), Fig, N.F.
Action and Uses: Mild laxative.
FLUIDEXTRACTA, FLUIDEXTRACTS.—Fluidextracts are concentrated liquid preparations of vegetable drugs, generally containing alcohol either as a solvent or as a preservative. One Cc. represents the extractives from 1 Gm. of drug.
The statements in this book regarding alcohol content are approximate and are based on the alcohol contents of the menstruum used. For the official preparations see under the names of the respective drugs. For Fluidextractum Aromaticum, see underCinnamomum Saigonicum.
FLUIDGLYCERATA, FLUIDGLYCERATES.—Preparations intended to be of the same drug strength as fluidextracts—that is, representing 100 Gm. of drug in 100 Cc. of preparation—but containing about 50 per cent. by volume of glycerin and no alcohol. For the various fluidglycerates, see under the names of the respective drugs.
Foeniculum (Foenic.), Fennel, U.S.P.(Fennel Seed).
Action and Uses: Aromatic and carminative.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains.
*Formaldehydum, Formaldehyde.—CH2O.
*Liquor Formaldehydi (Liq. Formaldehyd.), Solution of Formaldehyde, U.S.P.—CH2O (not less than 37%) with methyl alcohol and water.
Action and Uses: A powerful germicide, especially valuable in the form of gas for its penetrating power. Its irritant actions generally preclude its use on the body.
For disinfecting rooms, from 150 Cc. or 5 fluidounces to 1 quart or 1 liter of the official formaldehyde solution are allowed to each 1,000 cubic feet of space by various authorities. Various methods have been employed. One is to allow the solution to evaporate from sheets suspended in the tightly closed room. Another is to generate the gas in the room by treating the solution with potassium permanganate, allowing about 110 Gm. or 3-1/2 ounces of potassium permanganate to 500 Cc. or 1 pint of formaldehyde solution. A third method utilizes the reaction between formaldehyde solution and sodium dichromate in the presence of sulphuric acid, used in the proportion of 45 Cc.or 1-1/2 fluidounces of sulphuric acid and 280 Gm. or 9 ounces of sodium dichromate to 500 Cc. or 1 pint of formaldehyde solution. These methods are not effective if the temperature of the room be below 60 F. or the relative humidity below 65 per cent.
Frangula (Frang.), Frangula, U.S.P.(Buckthorn Bark).
Action and Uses: Similar to those of cascara sagrada; used principally as fluidextract.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Elixir Catharticum Compositum (Elix. Cathart. Co.), Compound Cathartic Elixir, N.F.—Fluidextract of frangula (12.5%), fluidextract of senna (10%), fluidextract of rhubarb (6.2%), spirit of peppermint, solution of potassium hydroxide and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.
Uses: Needlessly complicated cathartic.
Dosage: Aperient, 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.); cathartic, 12 Cc. or 3 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Frangulae (Fldext. Frangul.), Fluidextract of Frangula, U.S.P.(Fluidextract of Buckthorn Bark).—Frangula (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
Fraxinus (Fraxin.), White Ash Bark, N.F.
Action and Uses: Formerly used as tonic, astringent and purgative. No established indications for its use.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Vinum Fraxini (Vin. Frax.), Wine of White Ash, N.F.—White ash bark (50%), in alcohol and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Fucus (Fucus), Fucus, N.F.(Bladderwrack).—A sea weed.
Action and Uses: Formerly used against goiters and tuberculous glands; may be of some value through its iodine content, but has no special advantage over other iodine preparations.
Dosage: 0.65 Gm. or 10 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Fuci (Fldext. Fuci), Fluidextract of Fucus, N.F.—Fucus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 0.65 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.).
Galangal (Galang.), Galangal, N.F.—Rhizome.
Action and Uses: Aromatic carminative, resembling ginger and without advantage over the latter.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains.
Galega (Galeg.), Galega, N.F.(European Goat’s Rue).—Flowering tops.
Action and Uses: Exploited as a galactagogue and nerve stimulant; has no established value.
Dosage: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Galegae (Fldext. Galeg.), Fluidextract of Galega, N.F.—Galega (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Galla (Gall.), Nutgall, U.S.P.(Aleppo Galls, Smyrna Galls).
Incompatible with the salts of iron, lead, copper or silver.
Action and Uses: Astringent. Used especially as ointment, but has no advantage over tannic acid.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
Tinctura Gallae (Tr. Gall.), Tincture of Nutgall, N.F.—Nutgall (20%) in glycerin and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 85 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Unguentum Gallae (Ung. Gall.), Nutgall Ointment, U.S.P.—Nutgall (20%) in ointment.
Gambir (Gambir), Gambir, U.S.P.(Pale Catechu).—A dried extract.
Action and Uses: Astringent; used against diarrhea.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (in form of tincture).
Pulvis Gambir Compositus (Pulv. Gambir Co.), Compound Powder of Gambir, N.F.(Pulvis Catechu Compositus, N.F. III).—Gambir (40%), kino (20%) and krameria (20%), with Saigon cinnamon and nutmeg.
Uses: Needlessly complex intestinal astringent.
Dosage: 1.3 Gm. or 20 grains (N.F.).
Tinctura Gambir Composita (Tr. Gambir Co.), Compound Tincture of Gambir, U.S.P.(Compound Tincture of Pale Catechu).—Gambir (5%) with Saigon cinnamon in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 47 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
Trochisci Gambir (Troch. Gambir), Troches of Gambir, N.F.—Each troche contains gambir (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain) with tragacanth, sugar and oil of cinnamon.
Dosage: 1 troche (N.F.).
*Gelatinum (Gelat.), Gelatin, U.S.P.—Obtained from skin, ligaments, bones, etc.
Insoluble in cold water but swells and softens when immersed in it; soluble in hot water and in glycerin; insoluble in alcohol and similar solvents.
Action and Uses: Used as a food product. Also, by mouth or by injection, with the intention of increasing the coagulability of the blood; of doubtful value. May contain tetanus spores.
Gelatinum Glycerinatum (Gelat. Glycerin.), Glycerinated Gelatin, U.S.P.—Consists of equal parts of gelatin and glycerin.
Uses: Base for suppositories, bougies, etc.
Gelsemium (Gelsem.), Gelsemium, U.S.P.(Yellow Jasmine Root, Yellow Jessamine).
Action and Uses: Used in migraine and neuralgia, and in the treatment of ovarian, rheumatic and uterine pain. Efficiency uncertain. Untoward symptoms sometimes result from comparatively small doses.
Dosage: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.). (Not used as such).
Extractum Gelsemii (Ext. Gelsem.), Extract of Gelsemium, U.S.P.(Powdered Extract of Gelsemium).—One Gm. of extract represents 4 Gm. of gelsemium.
Dosage: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Gelsemii (Fldext. Gelsem.), Fluidextract of Gelsemium, U.S.P.—Gelsemium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
Dosage: 0.03 Cc. or 1/2 minim (U.S.P.).
Tinctura Gelsemii (Tr. Gelsem.), Tincture of Gelsemium, U.S.P.—Gelsemium (10%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 62 per cent.
Dosage: 0.25 Cc. or 4 minims (U.S.P.).
*Gentiana (Gentian.), Gentian, U.S.P.(Yellow Gentian Root).—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: Probably the most widely used of the simple bitters.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Elixir Gentianae (Elix. Gent.), Elixir of Gentian, N.F.—Fluidextract of gentian (3.5%), compound spirit of cardamom, sodium citrate, glycerin, syrup, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 21 per cent.
Uses: An agreeable aromatic bitter stomachic.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Elixir Gentianae et Ferri, N.F.—See underFerri Citro-Chloridum.
Elixir Gentianae et Ferri Phosphatis, N.F.—See underFerri Phosphas.
Elixir Gentianae Glycerinatum (Elix. Gent. Glycerin.), Glycerinated Elixir of Gentian, N.F.—Fluidextract of gentian (1%), fluidextract of taraxacum (1.5%), acetic ether, phosphoric acid, tincture of sweet orange peel, compound tincture of cardamom, glycerin, sugar and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 11 per cent.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms.
*Extractum Gentianae (Ext. Gentian.), Extract of Gentian, U.S.P.—A pilular extract.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Gentianae (Fldext. Gentian.), Fluidextract of Gentian, U.S.P.—Gentian (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
Infusum Gentianae Compositum (Inf. Gent. Co.), Compound Infusion of Gentian, N.F.—Gentian (3%), coriander and bitter orange peel in diluted alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.
Dosage: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Tinctura Amara (Tr. Amar.), Bitter Tincture, N.F.(Stomachic Tincture, Bitter Stomachic Drops, Stomach Drops).—Gentian (6%), centaury (6%), zedoary (2%) and bitter orange peel in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Uses: Bitter stomachic, complex and without special value.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
*Tinctura Gentianae Composita (Tr. Gentian. Co.), Compound Tincture of Gentian, U.S.P.—Gentian (10%), bitter orange peel and cardamom seed in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 46 per cent.
Uses: Aromatic Bitter.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
Geranium (Geran.), Geranium, N.F.(Cranesbill).—Rhizome.
Action and Uses: Obsolete intestinal astringent, without special advantage over krameria, etc.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Geranii (Fldext. Geran.), Fluidextract of Geranium, N.F.—Geranium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 50 per cent.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).
Glucosum (Glucos.), Glucose, U.S.P.(Syrupy Glucose, Liquid Glucose).—Chiefly dextrose (d-glucose) and dextrins.
Colorless or nearly colorless, odorless or nearly odorless, thick, syrupy, sweet liquid. Soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: Pill excipient. Pure dextrose is also employed in saline injections.
*Glycerinum (Glycerin.), Glycerin, U.S.P.(Glycerol).—C3H5(OH)3.
A colorless, syrupy, practically odorless liquid, with a sweet taste, and producing a sensation of warmth in the mouth. Miscible with water and alcohol; insoluble in chloroform or ether.
Action and Uses: Used as solvent, sweetening agent, demulcent and emollient. The enema or suppositories are promptly evacuant.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
*Suppositoria Glycerini (Supp. Glycerin.), Suppositories of Glycerin, U.S.P.—Glycerin with a stearic acid soap.
Uses: Rectal evacuant.
Suppositoria Boroglycerini (Suppos. Boroglycer.), Suppositories of Boroglycerin, N.F.—Glycerite of boroglycerin (7.5%) with glycerinated gelatin and glycerin.
Uses: Antiseptic evacuant.
GLYCERITA, GLYCERITES.—Solutions of medicinal substances in glycerin. For the various glycerites, see under the names of the principal ingredients. For Glyceritum Boroglycerini, see underAcidum Boricum; for Glyceritum Vitelli, see underOvi Vitellum Recens.
*Glycerylis Nitras, Glyceryl Trinitrate(Nitroglycerin, Trinitrin, Glonoin).—C3H5(NO3)3.
Action and Uses: Vasodilator, acting more slowly than amyl nitrite.
Pilulae Glycerylis Nitratis (Pil. Glycer. Nit.), Pills of Nitroglycerin, N.F.(Pilulae Glonoini, N.F. III, Pills of Glonoin).—Each pill contains spirit of glyceryl trinitrate and althaea (each 0.065 Gm. or 1 grain) with confection of rose.
Uses: Inferior to the tablets.
Dosage: 1 pill (N.F.).
*Spiritus Glycerylis Nitratis (Sp. Glyceryl. Nit.), Spirit of Glyceryl Trinitrate, U.S.P.(Spirit of Glonoin, Spirit of Nitroglycerin).—Glyceryl trinitrate (about 1%) in alcohol.
Dosage: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.) dropped on the tongue.
*Glycyrrhiza (Glycyrrh.), Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P.(Licorice, Liquorice Root).
Action and Uses: Used to disguise the taste of drugs and as demulcent expectorant. The preparations are incompatible with acids.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Elixir Glycyrrhizae and Elixir Glycyrrhizae Aromaticum.—See underAlcohol.
Elixir Glycyrrhizae Aquosum (Elix. Glycyrrh. Aq.), Aqueous Elixir of Glycyrrhiza, N.F.(Aqueous Elixir of Licorice).—Fluidextract of glycyrrhiza (15%), compound spirit of cardamom, stronger orange flower water, glycerin, syrup and distilled water. Absolute alcohol content about 3 per cent.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms.
Extractum Glycyrrhizae (Ext. Glycyrrh.), Extract of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P.(Extract of Licorice).—The commercial extract of glycyrrhiza. Incompletely soluble in water (60%).
Extractum Glycyrrhizae Purum (Ext. Glycyrrh. Pur.), Pure Extract of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P.—A pilular extract.
*Fluidextractum Glycyrrhizae (Fldext. Glycyrrh.), Fluidextract of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P.—Glycyrrhiza (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Fluidglyceratum Glycyrrhizae (Fldglycer. Glycyrrh.), Fluidglycerate of Glycyrrhiza, N.F.(Fluidglycerate of Licorice).—Glycyrrhiza (100%) in glycerin and water, made alkaline with ammonia water.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims.
Mistura Glycyrrhizae Composita, U.S.P.—See underOpium.
Pulvis Glycyrrhizae Compositus, U.S.P.—See underSenna.
Syrupus Glycyrrhizae (Syr. Glycyrrhiz.), Syrup of Glycyrrhiza, N.F.(Syrup of Licorice).—Fluidglycerate of glycyrrhiza (25%) in syrup.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Glycyrrhizinum Ammoniatum (Glycyrrh. Ammon.), Ammoniated Glycyrrhizin, U.S.P.—The sweet principle of glycyrrhiza, combined with ammonia.
Dark brown or brownish-red, odorless scales, with a very sweet taste. Freely soluble in water and soluble in alcohol. Incompatible with acids.
Action and Uses: Intended as aubstitute for extract of glycyrrhiza, over which it presents no advantage.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
Gossypii Cortex (Gossyp. Cort.), Cotton Root Bark, N.F.—Recently gathered or dried bark of the root.
Action and Uses: Exploited as emmenagogue, but without established value.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Gossypii Corticis (Fldext. Gossyp. Cort.), Fluidextract of Cotton Root Bark, N.F.—Cotton root bark (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Gossypium Purificatum (Gossyp. Purif.), Purified Cotton, U.S.P.(Absorbent Cotton).
Action and Uses: Used as an absorbent surgical dressing and as a filtering agent.
Gossypium Stypticum.—See underFerri Chloridum.
Granatum (Granat.), Pomegranate, U.S.P.(Pomegranate Bark).
Action and Uses: the decoction or fluidextract expels tapeworm. Both are strongly astringent and often produce vomiting.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Granati (Fldext. Granat.), Fluidextract of Pomegranate, U.S.P.—Pomegranate (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Grindelia (Grindel.), Grindelia, U.S.P.—Leaves and flowering tops.
Action and Uses: Used with doubtful results in spasmodic asthma, whooping cough, bronchitis, and hay fever, and locally against ivy poisoning. It is a feeble drug and its action has not been clearly defined.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Grindeliae (Fldext. Grindel.), Fluidextract of Grindelia, U.S.P.—Grindelia (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Guaiaci Lignum (Guaiac. Lig.), Guaiac Wood, N.F.(Lignum Vitae).
Action and Uses: Reputed “alterative,” but without established value. No advantage over guaiac resin.
Dosage: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
*Guaiacol (Guaiacol), Guaiacol, U.S.P.—Obtained from wood-tar creosote or prepared synthetically.
Colorless or yellowish solid or liquid, with an aromatic odor and a strong phenolic taste. Soluble in water (1:53), freely soluble in glycerin (1:0.8) and miscible with alcohol, chloroform or ether.
Action and Uses: Used as intestinal antiseptic and bronchial stimulant, similar to creosote; less irritant but also less active. Inunction with 50 per cent. solution in oil is antipyretic but it is less powerful and more uncertain than acetphenetidin, etc. Action is difficult to control and collapse may occur.
Dosage: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).
*Guaiacolis Carbonas (Guaiacol. Carb.), Guaiacol Carbonate, U.S.P.
White, nearly odorless and nearly tasteless powder. Soluble in alcohol (1:60) and in ether (1:18); insoluble in water.
Action and Uses: Being insoluble in water, it is less disagreeable and less irritating than guaiacol, but liberates this substance in the intestines. Used as intestinal antiseptic and against bronchitis.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). in powders or cachets.
Guaiacum (Guaiac.), Guaiac, U.S.P.(Guaiac Resin).
Action and Uses: Formerly used as an “alterative,” against syphilis, chronic rheumatism and gout; and as throat lozenges for its mildly irritant action. It producesno definite systemic effects, except as a mild laxative and possibly diuretic. Its value is very doubtful. The ammoniated tincture is the most active preparation.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Gargarisma Guaiaci Compositum (Garg. Guaiac. Co.), Compound Gargle of Guaiac, N.F.—Ammoniated tincture of guaiac (10%), compound tincture of cinchona (10%), potassium chlorate (4%), with clarified honey and oil of peppermint in water. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.
Uses: Complex and irrational mixture.
Glyceritum Guaiaci (Glycer. Guaiac.), Glycerite of Guaiac, N.F.—Guaiac (8.5%) and solution of potassium hydroxide in glycerin and water.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Mistura Guaiaci (Mist. Guaiac.), Mixture of Guaiac, N.F.—Tincture of guaiac (12.5%) in clarified honey and cinnamon water.
Dosage: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Petroxolinum Guaiacolis (Petrox. Guaiacol.), Guaiacol Petroxolin, N.F.(Guaiacol Petrox).—Guaiacol (20%) in oleic acid and liquid petroxolin.
Tinctura Guaiaci (Tr. Guaiac.), Tincture of Guaiac, U.S.P.—Guaiac (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
Tinctura Guaiaci Ammoniata (Tr. Guaiac. Ammon.), Ammoniated Tincture of Guaiac, U.S.P.—Guaiac (20%) in aromatic spirit of ammonia. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Tinctura Guaiaci Composita (Tr. Guaiac. Co.), Compound Tincture of Guaiac, N.F.(Dewees’ Tincture of Guaiac).—Guaiac (12.5%), potassium carbonate and pimenta in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Guarana (Guarana), Guarana, U.S.P.—Paste consisting chiefly of crushed seeds yielding not less than 4 per cent. of caffeine.
Action and Uses: Used for its caffeine. There is no reason for using it instead of caffeine.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Elixir Guaranae (Elix. Guar.), Elixir of Guarana, N.F.—Fluidextract of guarana (20%), compound elixir of taraxacum (60%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 34 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Guaranae (Fldext. Guaran.), Fluidextract of Guarana, U.S.P.—Guarana (100%) yielding about 4 per cent. of caffeine. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Gutta Percha (Gutta Percha), Gutta Percha, N.F.—A purified, coagulated tree sap.
Action and Uses: Used for technical purposes in dentistry.
Liquor Guttae Perchae (Liq. Gut. Perch.), Solution of Gutta Percha, N.F.—A clarified solution of gutta percha in chloroform.
Haematoxylon (Haematox.), Hematoxylon, N.F.(Logwood).
Action and Uses: Intestinal astringent, without advantage over krameria, etc.
Extractum Haematoxyli (Ext. Haematox.), Extract of Hematoxylon, N.F.—An aqueous extract.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Hamamelidis Folia (Hamamel. Fol.), Hamamelis Leaves, N.F.(Witch Hazel Leaves).
Action and Uses: Astringent, without advantage over other tannin-bearing drugs (krameria, etc.).
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Hamamelidis Foliorum (Fldext. Hamamel. Fol.), Fluidextract of Hamamelis Leaves, N.F.—Hamamelis leaves (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Hamamelis(Witch Hazel).
Aqua Hamamelidis (Aq. Hamam.), Hamamelis Water, U.S.P.(Witch Hazel Water, Distilled Extract of Witch Hazel).—Witch hazel bark, twigs, smaller stems or entire shrub, distilled with water and preserved with about 14 per cent. of alcohol.
Uses: Employed externally, for contusions. It owes its feeble activity mainly to the alcohol.
Helianthemum (Helianth.), Helianthemum, N.F.(Rock-Rose, Frost-Weed).—The dried herb.
Action and Uses: Obsolete astringent, tonic, alterative and emetic; unreliable and without established value.
Dosage: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Helianthemi (Fldext. Helianth.), Fluidextract of Helianthemum, N.F.—Helianthemum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Helonias (Helon.), Helonias, N.F.(False Unicorn).—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: Ingredient of “female remedies”; without established value.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Heloniatis (Fldext. Helon.), Fluidextract of Helonias, N.F.—Helonias (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
*Hexamethylenamina (Hexam.), Hexamethylenamine, U.S.P.(Hexamethylene-tetramine; also sold as urotropine, aminoform, formamin, formin, cystamin, cystogen, urisol and uritone).—(CH2)6N4, a condensation product of ammonia and formaldehyde.
Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and with a sweetish taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.5) and in alcohol (1:12.5). Incompatible with acids, with ammonium salts, with tannin and with mercuric chloride.
Action and Uses: Useful urinary antiseptic, liberating formaldehyde in the presence of acids (not otherwise). Also used as prophylactic against infection in bile and in other body fluids, but inefficient since these fluids are not acid.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), in solution. When sodium acid phosphate is given to render the urine acid, hexamethylenamine should not be taken until the phosphate has left the stomach.
*Homatropinae Hydrobromidum (Homatrop. Hydrobr.), Homatropine Hydrobromide, U.S.P.(Homatropine Bromide).
White, odorless powder. Freely soluble in water (1:6) and soluble in alcohol (1:40).
Action and Uses: Used as mydriatic and cycloplegic. Its effects resemble those of atropine but occur more promptly and disappear in shorter time.
Dosage: 0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain (U.S.P.). May be used in aqueous solution of 2 per cent. strength, or a drop of a 1:500 solution may be introduced into the conjunctival sac every five minutes for five times to produce a maximum dilatation in three quarters of an hour.
Humulus (Humul.), Hops, U.S.P.
Action and Uses: Formerly used as aromatic bitter stomachic.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Elixir Humuli (Elix. Humul.), Elixir of Hops, N.F.—Fluidextract of hops (12.5%), compound elixir of taraxacum, tincture of vanilla and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Humuli (Fldext. Humul.), Fluidextract of Hops, N.F.—Hops (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 50 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Tinctura Humuli (Tr. Humul.), Tincture of Hops, N.F.—Hops (20%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.
Uses: Bitter stomachic.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Hydrangea (Hydrang.), Hydrangea, N.F.(Seven-Barks).—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: Obsolete cathartic, diuretic and diaphoretic; without established value.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Hydrangeae (Fldext. Hydrang.), Fluidextract of Hydrangea, N.F.—Hydrangea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 50 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
*Hydrargyri Chloridum Corrosivum (Hydrarg. Chlor. Corr.), Corrosive Mercuric Chloride, U.S.P.(Bichloride of Mercury, Corrosive Sublimate, Mercuric Chloride, Perchloride of Mercury).—HgCl2.
Heavy, colorless crystals, crystalline masses or white powder, odorless and with a characteristic metallic taste. Slowly soluble in water (1:13.5) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:3.8). Its solubility in water is increased by the addition of sodium or ammonium chloride. Incompatible with soluble carbonates and hydroxides, with iodides and with alkaloids and other organic compounds. Reduced to calomel or metallic mercury by iron, zinc and other reducing agents.
Action and Uses: Chiefly as a germicide and antiseptic; also as a specific antisyphilitic agent. Acute mercuric chloride poisoning is treated by raw eggs and lavage.
Dosage: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain (U.S.P.) in solution or pills. For hypodermic use in syphilis 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain daily (produces marked pain and irritation). As antiseptic externally in solution from 1:20,000 to 1:2,000. As disinfectant of clothing, in 1:1,000 solution.
Mulla Hydrargyri Chloridi Corrosivi (Mull. Hydrarg. Chlor. Corros.), Corrosive Mercuric Chloride Mull, N.F.(Unguentum Hydrargyri Chloridi Corrosivi Extensum, N.F. III).—Corrosive mercuric chloride (0.2%), alcohol, benzoinated suet and benzoinated lard.
Toxitabellae Hydrargyri Chloridi Corrosivi (Toxitabel. Hydrarg. Chlor. Corr.), Poison Tablets of Corrosive Mercuric Chloride, U.S.P.(Corrosive Sublimate Tablets, Bichloride Tablets).—Tablets of an angular shape colored blue, each having the word “Poison” and the skull and cross bones design distinctly stamped on it. Each 1 Gm. tablet contains about 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains corrosive mercuric chloride and 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains sodium chloride.
*Hydrargyri Chloridum Mite (Hydrarg. Chlor. Mit.), Mild Mercurous Chloride, U.S.P.(Mercurous Chloride, Calomel, Protochloride of Mercury, Subchloride of Mercury).—HgCl.
White or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water, alcohol or ether. Incompatible with alkalies, with oxidizing acids like nitric acid, and with soluble bromides and iodides.
Action and Uses: A slow cathartic, fairly powerful and relatively non-irritant. Should usually be followed by a saline laxative. Should not be taken continuously as it may salivate. Also employed as a diuretic in cardiac dropsies. Intramuscular injections are very efficiently antisyphilitic, but painful.
Dosage: Laxative, 0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains (U.S.P.); alterative, 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.). From 0.005 to 0.02 Gm., or from 1/12 to 1/3 grain, may be given every half hour or hour until from 0.1 to 0.2 Gm., or from 1-1/2 to 3 grains have been given. In the treatment of syphilis 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grain in oily suspension is injected about once a week.
Lotio Nigra (Lot. Nigr.), Black Lotion, N.F.(Black Wash, Aqua Phagedaenica Nigra).—A suspension of mercurous oxide, Hg2O, produced by the action of lime water on mild mercurous chloride.
Uses: Mercurial antiseptic.
Pulvis Hydrargyri Chloridi Mitis et Jalapae (Pulv. Hydrarg. Chlor. Mit. et Jalap.), Powder of Mild Mercurous Chloride and Jalap, N.F.(Calomel and Jalap).—Mild mercurous chloride (34%) and jalap (66%).
Uses: Drastic purgative.
Dosage: 0.65 Gm. or 10 grains (N.F.).
*Hydrargyri Iodidum Flavum (Hydrarg. Iod. Flav.), Yellow Mercurous Iodide, U.S.P.(Mercurous Iodide, Protoiodide of Mercury, Yellow Iodide of Mercury).—HgI.
Bright yellow, odorless, tasteless powder. Almost insoluble in water and wholly insoluble in alcohol or ether. Decomposed by oxidizing agents, alkalies and the haloid salts of the alkali metals (chlorides, bromides or iodides).
Action and Uses: Used principally as an antisyphilitic; generally given in the form of pills. Like all ingestion methods of treating syphilis, much less reliable than the intramuscular administration of mercurials and is falling into disuse on account of relative inefficiency. Has proved of value in lichen ruber planus.
Dosage: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.).
*Hydrargyri Iodidum Rubrum (Hydrarg. Iod. Rub.), Red Mercuric Iodide, U.S.P.(Biniodide of Mercury, Mercuric Iodide, Red Iodide of Mercury).—HgI2.
Scarlet-red, odorless, nearly tasteless powder. Nearly insoluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:115); soluble in solutions of soluble iodides, sodium thiosulphate and hot solutions of alkali chlorides.
Action and Uses: Mercuric Iodide, dissolved with potassium or sodium iodide, is used as an antiseptic, germicide and antisyphilitic. It is practically as effective as mercuric chloride and less irritant or corrosive.
Dosage: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain (U.S.P.).
Liquor Hydrargyri et Potassii Iodidi (Liq. Hydrarg. et Pot. Iod.), Solution of Mercury and Potassium Iodide, N.F.(Solution of Potassium Iodohydrargyrate, Channing’s Solution).—Red mercuric iodide (1%), potassium iodide (0.8%), and water.
Dosage: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (N.F.).
Hydrargyri Nitras, Mercuric Nitrate.—Hg(NO3)2.
Liquor Hydrargyri Nitratis (Liq. Hydrarg. Nit.), Solution of Mercuric Nitrate, N.F.—Hg(NO3)2(60%).
Uses: Caustic.
Unguentum Hydrargyri Nitratis (Ung. Hydrarg. Nit.), Ointment of Mercuric Nitrate, U.S.P.(Citrine Ointment).—Mercuric nitrate (equivalent to mercury 7%) in lard.
*Hydrargyri Oxidum Flavum (Hydrarg. Oxid. Flav.), Yellow Mercuric Oxide, U.S.P.—HgO.
Light orange-yellow, heavy, odorless powder, with a somewhat metallic taste. Almost insoluble in water, insoluble in alcohol, readily dissolved by dilute hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
Action and Uses: The ointment is used, especially on the eye, as an antiseptic and stimulant; also to some extent in impetiginous affections.
Dosage: For the eye, 2 per cent.; for the skin, from 5 to 10 per cent.
Lotio Flava (Lot. Flav.), Yellow Lotion, N.F.(Yellow Wash, Aqua Phagedaenica Flava).—A suspension of mercuric oxide produced by the action of lime water on mercuric chloride.
Uses: Mercurial antiseptic.
*Unguentum Hydrargyri Oxidi Flavi (Ung. Hydrarg. Oxid. Flav.), Ointment of Yellow Mercuric Oxide, U.S.P.—Yellow mercuric oxide (10%) in water, hydrous wool fat and petrolatum.
Hydrargyri Oxidum Rubrum (Hydrarg. Oxid. Rub.), Red Mercuric Oxide, U.S.P.(Red Precipitate).—HgO.
Heavy, orange-red scales or powder, odorless and with a somewhat metallic taste. Almost insoluble in water; insoluble in alcohol, readily dissolved by nitric acid.
Action and Uses: Occasionally used externally in the form of an ointment and as a parasiticide. Without advantage over yellow oxide.
Unguentum Hydrargyri Oxidi Rubri (Ung. Hydrarg. Oxid. Rub.), Ointment of Red Mercuric Oxide, N.F.—Red mercuric oxide (10%) in water, hydrous wool fat and petrolatum.
*Hydrargyri Salicylas (Hydrarg. Salicyl.), Mercuric Salicylate, U.S.P.(Mercuric Subsalicylate).—Contains Hg (about 57%).
White or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Nearly insoluble in water or alcohol. Dissolved by solutions of the fixed alkalies or their carbonates.
Action and Uses: Used as antisyphilitic especially by intramuscular injection of oily suspensions; also as local antiseptic.
Dosage: 0.004 Gm. or 1/15 grain (U.S.P.). By intramuscular injection, 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims of a 10 per cent. suspension in liquid petrolatum once in four days.
*Hydrargyrum (Hydrarg.), Mercury, U.S.P.(Quicksilver).—Hg.
Shining, silver-white, odorless, tasteless metal, liquid at ordinary temperatures. Insoluble in the ordinary solvents.
Action and Uses: Its preparations are used to secure the systemic effects of mercury and locally against parasites.
*Hydrargyrum cum Creta (Hydrarg. cum Cret.), Mercury with Chalk, U.S.P.(Gray Powder).—Mercury (38%), with prepared chalk (57%), honey and water.
Light gray, odorless, rather damp powder, with a slightly sweet taste.
Action and Uses: A mild cathartic acting like calomel. Also used in the treatment of infantile and hereditary syphilis and of syphilis in aged patients.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), as powder.
*Massa Hydrargyri (Mass. Hydrarg.), Mass of Mercury, U.S.P.(Blue Mass, Blue Pill).—Hg (about 33%) in pill mass.
Uses: Mainly as cathartic.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
Oleatum Hydrargyri (Oleat. Hydrarg.), Oleate of Mercury, U.S.P.—A mixture of mercury oleate and oleic acid equivalent to 25 per cent. of HgO.
Uses: Alterative, antisyphilitic; rarely used.
Petroxolinum Hydrargyri (Petrox. Hydrarg.), Mercury Petroxolin, N.F.(Mercury Petrox).—Mercury (30%) in hydrous wool fat, oleic acid and solid petroxolin.
*Unguentum Hydrargyri (Ung. Hydrarg.), Mercurial Ointment, U.S.P.—Metallic mercury (about 50%) and oleate of mercury (2%) with prepared suet and benzoinated lard.
Uses: Especially to secure the systemic effects of mercury by inunction.
*Unguentum Hydrargyri Dilutum (Ung. Hydrarg. Dil.), Diluted Mercurial Ointment, U.S.P.(Blue Ointment, Hydrargyri Unguentum P.I.).—Mercurial ointment (60%) equivalent to about 30 per cent. of metallic mercury, with petrolatum.
Uses: Especially in pediculosis.
*Hydrargyrum Ammoniatum (Hydrarg. Ammon.), Ammoniated Mercury, U.S.P.(White Precipitate).—Mercurammonium chloride, HgNH2Cl, corresponding to about 79 per cent. of Hg.
White, odorless lumps or powder, with an earthy, afterward styptic and metallic taste. Insoluble in water or alcohol.
Action and Uses: The ointment is extensively used as a cutaneous antiseptic especially for impetigo contagiosa and other pustular dermatoses and ringworm of the scalp. Also used for removing scales of psoriasis. It may cause salivation.
Dosage: From 2 to 10 per cent. ointment.
*Unguentum Hydrargyri Ammoniati (Ung. Hydrarg. Ammon.), Ointment of Ammoniated Mercury, U.S.P.(White Precipitate Ointment).—Ammoniated mercury (10%) in white petrolatum and hydrous wool fat.
Hydrastina (Hydrastina), Hydrastine, U.S.P.—An alkaloid obtained from hydrastis or prepared synthetically.
White crystals or powder. Almost insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol (1:170).
Action and Uses: Used in the treatment of urethral and vesical catarrh and as a systemic hemostatic, especially in excessive menstruation. Its efficiency and the mechanism of its action are doubtful.
Dosage: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.).
Hydrastinae Hydrochloridum (Hydrastin. Hydrochl.), Hydrastine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.(Hydrastine Chloride).
White, odorless, bitter powder. Very soluble in water and in alcohol.
Action and Uses: Those of hydrastine.
Dosage: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.).
Liquor Hydrastinae Compositus (Liq. Hydrastin. Co.), Compound Solution of Hydrastine, N.F.(Colorless Hydrastine Solution).—Hydrastine hydrochloride (0.3%), aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride (each 0.3%), potassium chloride (0.1%) in glycerin and water.
Uses: Complex and irrational astringent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Hydrastininae Hydrochloridum (Hydrastinin. Hydrochl.), Hydrastinine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.(HydrastinineChloride).—The hydrochloride of hydrastinine, an alkaloid obtained synthetically from hydrastine.
Yellowish, odorless crystals or powder. Soluble in chloroform (1:195); very soluble in water and alcohol.
Action and Uses: Hydrastinine resembles hydrastine in its action but is said to be less depressing. Hydrastinine has a pronounced pressor effect on peripheral vessels, causing a rise of blood pressure.
Dosage: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).
*Hydrastis (Hydrastis), Hydrastis, U.S.P.(Golden Seal).—Rhizome and roots, yielding not less than 2.5 per cent. of ether-soluble alkaloids, chiefly hydrastin.
Action and Uses: Hydrastis is an unpleasant bitter; it possesses no advantages over other simple bitters (gentian). It has been asserted to have a special influence on mucous membranes favoring their nutrition and return to a normal condition. There is little or no experimental evidence to bear out the claim for any special action.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).
Extractum Hydrastis (Ext. Hydrast.), Extract of Hydrastis, U.S.P.(Extract of Golden Seal, Powdered Extract of Hydrastis).—One Gm. extract represents about 4 Gm. hydrastis. Yields about 10 per cent. of alkaloids.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
*Fluidextractum Hydrastis (Fldext. Hydrast.), Fluidextract of Hydrastis, U.S.P.—Hydrastis (100%), yielding about 2 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Glyceritum Hydrastis (Glycer. Hydrast.), Glycerite of Hydrastis, U.S.P.(Glycerite of Golden Seal).—Hydrastis (100%) yielding not less than 1.245 per cent. of alkaloids.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
Tinctura Hydrastis (Tr. Hydrast.), Tincture of Hydrastis, U.S.P.(Tincture of Golden Seal).—Hydrastis (20%), yielding about 0.4 per cent. of hydrastin; in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
*Hydrogenii Dioxidum, Hydrogen Dioxide(HydrogenPeroxide).—H2O2.
*Liquor Hydrogenii Dioxidi (Liq. Hydrog. Diox.), Solution of Hydrogen Dioxide, U.S.P.(Aqua Hydrogenii Dioxidii, U.S.P. VIII, Solution of Hydrogen Peroxide).—H2O2(not less than 3%).
Action and Uses: Nontoxic and fairly efficient local antiseptic and detergent, useful mainly for the destruction of pus. Used on suppurating wounds and as a mouthwash and gargle; also as a bleaching agent. Should not be injected into a wound unless free drainage is present.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.). For external application should be diluted about 1:4.
Hyoscyaminae Hydrobromidum (Hyoscyamin. Hydrobr.), Hyoscyamine Hydrobromide, U.S.P.(Hyoscyamine Bromide).—Obtained from hyoscyamus and other plants of the nightshade family.
White, odorless crystals. Freely soluble in alcohol (1:2.5) and in chloroform (1:1.7); very soluble in water.
Action and Uses: Similar to those of atropine; is usually more sedative to the brain, but at times produces acute delirium. The drug is very uncertain.
Dosage: 0.3 mg. or 1/200 grain (U.S.P.).
*Hyoscyamus (Hyosc.), Hyoscyamus, U.S.P.(Henbane, Hyoscyami Folium, P.I.).—Leaves and tops, yielding not less than 0.065 per cent. of alkaloids.
Action and Uses: Similar to those of belladonna.
Dosage: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).
Extractum Hyoscyami (Ext. Hyosc.), Extract of Hyoscyamus, U.S.P.—One Gm. extract represents about 4 Gm. hyoscyamus. Yields about 0.25 per cent. of alkaloids.
Dosage: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).
Fluidextractum Hyoscyami (Fldext. Hyosc.), Fluidextract of Hyoscyamus, U.S.P.(Fluidextract of Henbane).—Hyoscyamus (100%) yielding about 0.065 per cent. of alkaloids, chiefly hyoscyamine. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.
Dosage: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
Oleum Hyoscyami Compositum (Ol. Hyosc. Co.), Compound Oil of Hyoscyamus, N.F.(Balsamum Tranquillans).—Infused oil of hyoscyamus (hyoscyamus 10%) flavored with oils of lavender, peppermint, rosemary and thyme.
*Tinctura Hyoscyami (Tr. Hyosc.), Tincture of Hyoscyamus, U.S.P.(Tincture of Henbane, Hyoscyami Tinctura, P.I.).—Hyoscyamus (10%), yielding about 0.0065 percent. of hyoscyamus alkaloids; in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 47 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
*Hypophysis Sicca (Hypophysis Sic.), Desiccated Hypophysis, U.S.P.(Desiccated Pituitary Body).—The posterior lobe obtained from the pituitary body of cattle.
A yellowish or grayish powder with a characteristic odor. Partially soluble in water.
Action and Uses. Solutions are used, hypodermically, to strengthen uterine contractions in prolonged labor. They also stimulate peristalsis and have been used with some success after abdominal operations and as a vasomotor stimulant. Oral administration is ineffective.
Dosage: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).
*Liquor Hypophysis (Liq. Hypophysis), Solution of Hypophysis, U.S.P.(Solution of the Pituitary Body).—Contains the water-soluble principles from the fresh posterior lobe of the pituitary body of cattle. Assayed by testing against a standard solution of beta-iminazolyl-ethylamine hydrochloride by the method of the U.S. Hygienic Laboratory.
Dosage: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).
Ignatia (Ignat.), Ignatia, N.F.(Saint Ignatius Bean, Ignatia Amara).—Seeds ofStrychnos ignatii.
Action and Uses: Constituents and actions similar to those of nux vomica, over which ignatia has no advantage, being less reliable.
Dosage: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (N.F.).
Extractum Ignatiae (Ext. Ignat.), Extract of Ignatia, N.F.(Powdered Extract of Ignatia).—A hydroalcoholic extract, yielding about 6 per cent. of alkaloids.
Dosage: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (N.F.).
Tinctura Ignatiae (Tr. Ignat.), Tincture of Ignatia, N.F.—Ignatia (10%), yielding about 0.2 per cent. of ignatia alkaloids; in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 85 per cent.
Dosage: 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.).
INFUSA, INFUSIONS.—Aqueous preparations made by pouring hot or cold water over a vegetable drug, allowing the mixture to stand for a definite period and then straining. For the official infusions, see under the names of the respective drugs.
Inula (Inula), Inula, N.F.(Elecampane).—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: At one time used in bronchitis. No scientific indications for its use.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
INUNCTA, INUNCTIONS.—Semisolid ointment-like preparations used for external application. For the various inunctions see under the names of the principal ingredients.
*Iodoformum (Iodof.), Iodoform, U.S.P.—Triiodomethane, CHI3.
Lemon-yellow powder or lustrous crystals, with a peculiar, penetrating odor and an unpleasant, slightly sweetish taste suggestive of iodine. Nearly insoluble in water, to which, however, it imparts its odor and taste; soluble in alcohol (1:60) and in glycerin (1:80).
Action and Uses: Used as dusting powder, promoting healing by granulation. Oily suspensions are also used in treatment of tuberculous fistulas.
Collodium Iodoformi (Collod. Iodof.), Iodoform Collodion, N.F.—Iodoform (5%) in flexible collodion.
Uses: There appears to be no advantage in applying iodoform in collodion.
Glycerogelatinum Iodoformi (Glycerogel. Iodof.), Iodoform Glycerogelatin, N.F.—Iodoform (10%), water, glycerin and glycerinated gelatin.
Iodoformum Aromatisatum (Iodof. Arom.), Aromatized Iodoform, N.F.—Coumarin (4%) and iodoform.
Petroxolinum Iodoformi (Petrox. Iodof.), Iodoform Petroxolin, N.F.(Iodoform Petrox).—An unstable preparation made from iodoform (3%), acetone, oleic acid, eucalyptol and liquid petroxolin.
Unguentum Iodoformi (Ung. Iodof.), Iodoform Ointment, U.S.P.—Iodoform (10%) in benzoinated lard.
*Iodum (Iodum), Iodine, U.S.P.—I.
Heavy, bluish-black, brittle plates, with a metallic luster, a distinctive odor and a sharp, acrid taste. Very slightly soluble in water (1:2950) and soluble in alcohol (1:12.5). Freely soluble in solutions of alkali iodides.
Action and Uses: The tincture and compound solution are used externally as local irritant and antiseptic. The irritant action can be easily graduated by successive application. It is rarely used internally for the systemic effects of iodides.
Dosage: 0.005 Gm. or 1/12 grain (U.S.P.), largely diluted.
Collodium Iodi (Collod. Iodi), Iodine Collodion, N.F.—Iodine (5%) in flexible collodion.
Uses: There appears little advantage in applying iodine in collodion.
Liquor Iodi Compositus (Liq. Iodi Co.), Compound Solution of Iodine, U.S.P.(Lugol’s Solution).—Iodine (5%) and potassium iodide (10%) in water.
Dosage: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).
Liquor Iodi Phenolatus (Liq. Iod. Phenol.), Phenolated Solution of Iodine, N.F.(Liquor Iodi Carbolatus, N.F. III, Carbolized Solution of Iodine, Boulton’s Solution, French Mixture).—Compound solution of iodine (1.5%), liquefied phenol (0.6%), glycerin and water. The iodine combines with the phenol.
Uses: Antiseptic.
Petroxolinum Iodi (Petrox. Iod.), Iodine Petroxolin, N.F.(Iodine Petrox 10%).—An unstable preparation, containing iodine, ammonium iodide and other iodine compounds in variable proportions, with a mixture of liquid petrolatum, alcohol, ammonium soap and oil of lavender; prepared from iodine (10%) and liquid petroxolin.
Petroxolinum Iodi Dilutum (Petrox. Iod. Dil.), Diluted Iodine Petroxolin, N.F.(Iodine Petrox 5%).—An unstable preparation containing iodine, ammonium iodide and other iodine compounds in variable proportions with a mixture of liquid petrolatum, alcohol, ammonium soap and oil of lavender; made from iodine (5%) and liquid petroxolin. Absolute alcohol content about 19 per cent.
Syrupus Iodotannicus (Syr. Iodotan.), Syrup of Iodotannin, N.F.—Made by combining iodine (0.27%) with tannic acid (0.54%) in syrup. Contains iodine probably in the form of an iodide.
Uses: Similar to those of potassium iodide; without advantage over the latter.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
*Tinctura Iodi (Tr. Iodi), Tincture of Iodine, U.S.P.—An alcoholic solution of iodine (about 7%) and potassium iodide (about 5%). Absolute alcohol content about 83 per cent.
Dosage: 0.1 Cc. or 1-1/2 minims (U.S.P.).
Tinctura Iodi Decolorata (Tr. Iod. Decolor.), Decolorized Tincture of Iodine, N.F.—A solution of sodium iodideand ammonium iodide obtained by mixing iodine and sodium thiosulphate (each 8.3%), stronger ammonia water (6.5%) and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent. Does not contain free iodine.
Uses: For external use; of doubtful utility.
Tinctura Iodi Fortior (Tr. Iod. Fort.), Stronger Tincture of Iodine, N.F.(Churchill’s Tincture of Iodine).—Iodine (16.5%) and potassium iodide (3.3%) in water and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.
Unguentum Iodi (Ung. Iodi), Iodine Ointment, U.S.P.—Iodine (4%) and potassium iodide (4%) in glycerin and benzoinated lard. Should be made as required.
*Ipecacuanha (Ipecac.), Ipecac, U.S.P.(Ipecacuanhae Radix, P.I.).—A root, yielding not less than 1.75 per cent. of alkaloids.
Action and Uses: Used as irritant, nauseant, expectorant and emetic. Also specific against amebic dysentery, but in this use has been practically displaced by emetine.
Dosage: Emetic, 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). Expectorant, 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain.
*Fluidextractum Ipecacuanhae (Fldext. Ipecac.), Fluidextract of Ipecac, U.S.P.—Ipecac (100%), yielding about 2 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.
Dosage: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).
Pulvis Ipecacuanhae et Opii.—See underOpium.
*Syrupus Ipecacuanhae (Syr. Ipecac.), Syrup of Ipecac, U.S.P.—Fluidextract of ipecac (7%) and acetic acid (1%) in glycerin and syrup.
Dosage: Expectorant, 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.); emetic, 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).
Syrupus Ipecacuanhae et Opii and Tinctura Ipecacuanhae et Opii.—See underOpium.
Vinum Ipecacuanhae (Vin. Ipecac.), Wine of Ipecac, N.F.—Fluidextract of ipecac (10%, yielding about 0.2% ipecac alkaloids) in alcohol and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 27 per cent.