Chapter 54

Chapter 54The Administration of President Heber J. Grant1918–President Heber J. GrantBy virtue of his position as president of the council of apostles, Heber J. Grant became the presiding officer of the Church at the death of President Smith. Heeding the instruction of President Wilford Woodruff—which was given by revelation, and was followed by Presidents Snow and Smith—that the First Presidency should be organized without delay, the council of apostles met November 23, 1918, in the temple, and Heber J. Grant was sustained and set apart as President of the Church. He selected as his counselors Anthon H. Lund and Charles W. Penrose, who had served with President Joseph F. Smith.President Grant was born November 22, 1856, in Salt Lake City. He is the son of Jedediah Morgan and Rachel Ridgeway Ivins Grant. He is a man of great activity and endless energy; full of sympathy for the down-trodden and the poor. In the financial world he is recognized as a man of keen ability, yet his life has been constantly devoted to the welfare and progress of the Church, his labors in the ministry dating from his early youth. In 1880 he was called to preside over the Tooele Stake of Zion, succeeding Francis M. Lyman who had been called into the council of the twelve. Two years later (October 16, 1882) he was himself ordained an apostle, having been called, with Elder George Teasdale, to that office by revelation. In 1901 he went to Japan and there opened the door for the preaching of the Gospel, and after his return he was called to preside over the European mission, where he labored for three years.The General Conference PostponedBecause of the influenza epidemic no meetings were held during the winter and spring of 1919. On this account, the general conference, which otherwise would have been held in April, was postponed until June 1, 1919. On that occasion the solemn assembly of the Priesthood was held, and the authorities of the Church were sustained by the usual separate vote of the quorums. That conference was devoted largely to a memorial service for President Joseph F. Smith.Dedication of the Hawaiian TempleThanksgiving day, November 27, 1919, the temple at Laie, Hawaii, was dedicated by President Heber J. Grant. He was accompanied to that land by President Anthon H. Lund, Rudger Clawson, Stephen L. Richards, Presiding Bishop Charles W. Nibley and Arthur Winter. The dedicatory services were repeated, five services being held to accommodate all the people—1,239 souls attending the services. This is the first temple erected outside of the continental United States, and is for the benefit of the native Saints of the islands of the Pacific, The mission in the Hawaiian Islands was opened in 1850 by George Q. Cannon and others, and thousands of the natives received the Gospel. The site for the Hawaiian temple was dedicated by President Joseph F. Smith, June 1, 1915.Passing of President Lund—Changes in the PresidencyAfter a brief illness, President Anthon H. Lund, first counselor in the presidency, passed away at his home in Salt Lake City, March 2, 1921. He served in the presidency during the entire ministry of President Joseph F. Smith, having been chosen second counselor in October, 1901. After the death of John R. Winder, the first counselor, he was advanced to that position in April, 1910. President Lund was a man without guile, faithful and true to the Gospel and to the brethren, and beloved by all the Saints.At the meeting of the council of the presiding authorities held in the Salt Lake Temple, Thursday, March 10, 1921, President Charles W. Penrose was chosen by President Heber J. Grant as his first counselor, and Elder Anthony W. Ivins as his second counselor. Rudger Clawson was at the same time, set apart as president of the twelve apostles, as he became the ranking apostle after the death of President Lund.ConclusionAt the general conference of the Church held in April, 1920, the one hundredth anniversary of the Prophet’s vision of the Father and the Son, was fittingly observed. The remarks of the brethren who spoke had a bearing on the great work accomplished by the Prophet and the authenticity of his vision. TheImprovement Era, the organ of the priesthood quorums of the Church, and the Young Men’s Mutual Improvement Association, devoted the April number to special articles dealing with the theme of the Vision, and other magazines did the same. A cantata by Evan Stephens, “The Vision,” which was prepared for the occasion, was rendered before a crowded house in the tabernacle, and special topics were considered in the several wards, following the conference.Ninety years before (1830) the Church was organized with but six members. In 1920 it numbered several hundred thousands. Its property in meeting houses, tabernacles, temples and other necessary buildings, was valued at many millions of dollars. There were 831stakes of Zion, 871 organized wards and 83 branches within those stakes. Missionary work had been carried to various parts of the earth, and there were 24 regularly established missions with numerous conferences and branches. Each stake of Zion contained a high priests’ quorum, and there were 209 quorums of seventy. The total number of men holding the Melchizedek Priesthood was 57,600 and the total number holding the Aaronic Priesthood was 49,780. Many thousands of young people were enrolled in the auxiliary organizations of the Church, and it was conceded by many ministers of other churches, that the “Mormon” Sunday Schools were the best that could be found in all the world.2The Church at the close of the first one hundred years of its history, dating from the Prophet’s vision in 1820, was looked upon as a power in the earth for good by the great and wise men of the nations. Knowledge of its work had been brought to the attention of kings, presidents and rulers of the earth. The prospects before it for advancement and growth were bright, and it appeared that the prophecy of Isaiah was about to be fulfilled:“Go through, go through the gates; prepare ye the way of the people; . . . lift up a standard for the people.“Behold the Lord hath proclaimed unto the end of the world, Say ye to the daughter of Zion, Behold, thy salvation cometh; behold, his reward is with him, and his work before him.“And they shall call them, The holy people, The redeemed of the LORD; and thou shalt be called, Sought out, A city not forsaken.” —Isaiah 62:10–12Notes1.Three other stakes have since been organized.2.At a synod held in Salt Lake City, in September 1921, at which the ministers of the Episcopal Church of the Fourth Province of the Pacific assembled, Rev. W. F. Bulkley said: “We may learn much from the Mormon Church; it has the best Sunday school organization of any church in the world.” —Salt Lake Tribune, September 9, 1921, p. 15.

The Administration of President Heber J. Grant

1918–

By virtue of his position as president of the council of apostles, Heber J. Grant became the presiding officer of the Church at the death of President Smith. Heeding the instruction of President Wilford Woodruff—which was given by revelation, and was followed by Presidents Snow and Smith—that the First Presidency should be organized without delay, the council of apostles met November 23, 1918, in the temple, and Heber J. Grant was sustained and set apart as President of the Church. He selected as his counselors Anthon H. Lund and Charles W. Penrose, who had served with President Joseph F. Smith.

President Grant was born November 22, 1856, in Salt Lake City. He is the son of Jedediah Morgan and Rachel Ridgeway Ivins Grant. He is a man of great activity and endless energy; full of sympathy for the down-trodden and the poor. In the financial world he is recognized as a man of keen ability, yet his life has been constantly devoted to the welfare and progress of the Church, his labors in the ministry dating from his early youth. In 1880 he was called to preside over the Tooele Stake of Zion, succeeding Francis M. Lyman who had been called into the council of the twelve. Two years later (October 16, 1882) he was himself ordained an apostle, having been called, with Elder George Teasdale, to that office by revelation. In 1901 he went to Japan and there opened the door for the preaching of the Gospel, and after his return he was called to preside over the European mission, where he labored for three years.

Because of the influenza epidemic no meetings were held during the winter and spring of 1919. On this account, the general conference, which otherwise would have been held in April, was postponed until June 1, 1919. On that occasion the solemn assembly of the Priesthood was held, and the authorities of the Church were sustained by the usual separate vote of the quorums. That conference was devoted largely to a memorial service for President Joseph F. Smith.

Thanksgiving day, November 27, 1919, the temple at Laie, Hawaii, was dedicated by President Heber J. Grant. He was accompanied to that land by President Anthon H. Lund, Rudger Clawson, Stephen L. Richards, Presiding Bishop Charles W. Nibley and Arthur Winter. The dedicatory services were repeated, five services being held to accommodate all the people—1,239 souls attending the services. This is the first temple erected outside of the continental United States, and is for the benefit of the native Saints of the islands of the Pacific, The mission in the Hawaiian Islands was opened in 1850 by George Q. Cannon and others, and thousands of the natives received the Gospel. The site for the Hawaiian temple was dedicated by President Joseph F. Smith, June 1, 1915.

After a brief illness, President Anthon H. Lund, first counselor in the presidency, passed away at his home in Salt Lake City, March 2, 1921. He served in the presidency during the entire ministry of President Joseph F. Smith, having been chosen second counselor in October, 1901. After the death of John R. Winder, the first counselor, he was advanced to that position in April, 1910. President Lund was a man without guile, faithful and true to the Gospel and to the brethren, and beloved by all the Saints.

At the meeting of the council of the presiding authorities held in the Salt Lake Temple, Thursday, March 10, 1921, President Charles W. Penrose was chosen by President Heber J. Grant as his first counselor, and Elder Anthony W. Ivins as his second counselor. Rudger Clawson was at the same time, set apart as president of the twelve apostles, as he became the ranking apostle after the death of President Lund.

At the general conference of the Church held in April, 1920, the one hundredth anniversary of the Prophet’s vision of the Father and the Son, was fittingly observed. The remarks of the brethren who spoke had a bearing on the great work accomplished by the Prophet and the authenticity of his vision. TheImprovement Era, the organ of the priesthood quorums of the Church, and the Young Men’s Mutual Improvement Association, devoted the April number to special articles dealing with the theme of the Vision, and other magazines did the same. A cantata by Evan Stephens, “The Vision,” which was prepared for the occasion, was rendered before a crowded house in the tabernacle, and special topics were considered in the several wards, following the conference.

Ninety years before (1830) the Church was organized with but six members. In 1920 it numbered several hundred thousands. Its property in meeting houses, tabernacles, temples and other necessary buildings, was valued at many millions of dollars. There were 831stakes of Zion, 871 organized wards and 83 branches within those stakes. Missionary work had been carried to various parts of the earth, and there were 24 regularly established missions with numerous conferences and branches. Each stake of Zion contained a high priests’ quorum, and there were 209 quorums of seventy. The total number of men holding the Melchizedek Priesthood was 57,600 and the total number holding the Aaronic Priesthood was 49,780. Many thousands of young people were enrolled in the auxiliary organizations of the Church, and it was conceded by many ministers of other churches, that the “Mormon” Sunday Schools were the best that could be found in all the world.2

The Church at the close of the first one hundred years of its history, dating from the Prophet’s vision in 1820, was looked upon as a power in the earth for good by the great and wise men of the nations. Knowledge of its work had been brought to the attention of kings, presidents and rulers of the earth. The prospects before it for advancement and growth were bright, and it appeared that the prophecy of Isaiah was about to be fulfilled:

“Go through, go through the gates; prepare ye the way of the people; . . . lift up a standard for the people.“Behold the Lord hath proclaimed unto the end of the world, Say ye to the daughter of Zion, Behold, thy salvation cometh; behold, his reward is with him, and his work before him.“And they shall call them, The holy people, The redeemed of the LORD; and thou shalt be called, Sought out, A city not forsaken.” —Isaiah 62:10–12

“Go through, go through the gates; prepare ye the way of the people; . . . lift up a standard for the people.

“Behold the Lord hath proclaimed unto the end of the world, Say ye to the daughter of Zion, Behold, thy salvation cometh; behold, his reward is with him, and his work before him.

“And they shall call them, The holy people, The redeemed of the LORD; and thou shalt be called, Sought out, A city not forsaken.” —Isaiah 62:10–12

1.Three other stakes have since been organized.

2.At a synod held in Salt Lake City, in September 1921, at which the ministers of the Episcopal Church of the Fourth Province of the Pacific assembled, Rev. W. F. Bulkley said: “We may learn much from the Mormon Church; it has the best Sunday school organization of any church in the world.” —Salt Lake Tribune, September 9, 1921, p. 15.

Appendix: The Auxiliary Organizations of the ChurchIn addition to the quorums of the priesthood, there are in the Church a number of helpful organizations known as the auxiliary organizations. These are: The National Woman’s Relief Society, The Deseret Sunday School Union, The Young Men’s Mutual Improvement Association, The Young Ladies’ Mutual Improvement Association, and The Primary Association. There are two other organizations which are not classed as auxiliaries, namely, The Religion Classes—an adjunct of the Church School system —and the Genealogical Society of Utah, which is closely related in its work to the temples.A brief statement of the organization, accomplishments and aims of these societies is here given.The National Woman’s Relief SocietyThe Relief Society, now known as the National Woman’s Relief Society, was organized in Nauvoo, March 17, 1842, by Joseph Smith, the Prophet, assisted by Elders John Taylor and Willard Richards. The object of the society, as stated by the Prophet, was “to look after the wants of the poor, to search after objects of charity, and to administer to their wants; to assist by correcting the morals and strengthening the virtues of the community, and thus to save the elders the trouble of rebuking.” He also expressed the desire that the society might be built up in a most high and acceptable manner, and should be a select company of the virtuous, and those who would walk circumspectly. One feature of the work of the society should be to purge out iniquity, surmount difficulties, “though the soul be tried, the heart faint, and hands hang down.” The members should observe the laws of God, hearken to counsel and keep free from the evils of the world, and be “choice, virtuous and holy.”This organization, composed exclusively of the women of the Church, now (1922) numbers about fifty thousand members. It has accomplished a wonderful work in the care of the poor, alleviating the distress of the needy, the sick and afflicted, comforting those who mourn and preparing the dead for burial. All this work, and much more, which would fill volumes, has been accomplished in the spirit of true charity and love by the members, who unitedly endeavor to carry out the admonition and instruction given by President Joseph Smith at the time of the organization in 1842.Outlines have been prepared from year to year and a course of study presented to the members by which they are trained not only in their duties as members of the society, but also in various branches of education, to the intent that they may be better equipped for the duties of life.The Deseret Sunday School UnionIn the fall of 1848, a little more than a year after the arrival of the pioneers, Richard Ballantyne came to the Salt Lake Valley with his family. He located in the old fort and the following spring made plans for a home. He arranged his building to provide for the holding of a Sunday School, and on Sunday, December 9, 1849, the first Sunday School in the Rocky Mountains was held at his home, Elder Ballantyne being both superintendent and teacher. His Sunday School was popular among the members of the Church and was well attended until the year 1850, when a chapel was erected in the Fourteenth Ward into which the Sunday school was transferred. Not long after this other Sunday schools were organized in Salt Lake City and in a number of other settlements in Utah. However, there was no uniformity of method or course of study in these schools.The possibility of the Sunday school as an agency for teaching the Gospel to the youth was early recognized and the importance of uniformity and co-operation in this task was urged early in 1866. In November, 1866, as a result of the growing sentiment, a meeting was called at which a general organization was effected for the purpose of concentrating and unifying Sunday school efforts. Elder George Q. Cannon was elected president of the organization which was called the Deseret Sunday School Union. The scope of the activity of the Deseret Sunday School Union is Church-wide, and its purpose is to establish uniformity in Sunday school methods, to develop greater teaching efficiency, and through co-operation to improve the quality of the work done. TheJuvenile Instructor, first published by Elder George Q. Cannon early in 1856, is the official organ of the Deseret Sunday School Union, and is a potent factor in accomplishing these results. It contains uniform lessons for each department in the Sunday schools. Teacher-training work, as a means of developing greater teaching efficiency, was first undertaken by the Sunday schools under the leadership of the general board. This movement has since attained Church-wide application under the leadership and direction of the Priesthood.As an organization, auxiliary to the Priesthood, the ultimate aim of the Sunday schools is to teach the principles of the Gospel and to stimulate the pupils to render willing obedience thereto. More specifically, the Sunday school aims so to equip its members that they will be able not only to work out their own salvation through the application of, and obedience to, the principles of the Gospel which they have been taught, but also to prepare themselves for service in the Priesthood, in the mission fields, and in the organizations at home, through which opportunities are afforded them to render service to others. The Sunday school recognizes no age limit, but aims to accommodate all grades of spiritual development from infancy to old age.From a membership of 50 pupils in the first Sunday school, the enrollment has increased until in 1920 there were 970 Sunday schools in the organized stakes of Zion with an enrollment of 170,164 pupils and 18,184 officers and teachers. The Sunday school work and organization extend into the missions where there are 596 schools which have an enrollment of 25,189 pupils, and 4,623 officers and teachers. The Sunday school in the mission field is recognized as the best means of arousing interest in the work of the Church and as a step toward the establishing of branches. —Albert Hamer Reiser, general secretary.The Young Men’s Mutual Improvement AssociationsThe Young Men’s Mutual Improvement Associations of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints were begun in the year 1875, the first organization having been effected in the Thirteenth ward, Salt Lake City, on the 10th day of June, that year, by Junius F. Wells, under the immediate instruction and direction of President Brigham Young. In 1921 there were 796 associations in the 871 wards and 86 stakes of the Church, with an active membership of 43,562 and a force of officers of 6,116. In 22 missions of the Church there are a large number of associations, with an encouraging membership; and much good is being accomplished for and by the young people. The organization is supervised by a general board under the direction of the general authorities of the Church. A central organization consisting of a superintendent, two assistants, the secretary, treasurer, and several aids, has charge in each stake. Each ward is officered by a president, two counselors, secretary, treasurer, class leaders, scoutmaster, and other assistants for special work in music, recreation, athletics, leisure-time activities, etc. Standing committees in all the organizations look after the details of the work. The Y. M. M. I. A. as an auxiliary organization, while independent in its actions, studies, recreation and general activity, is under the controlling influence of the general stake and ward officers of the Church. At the organization, President Brigham Young stated the keynote of the work of these organizations to be “the establishment in the youth of individual testimony of the truth and magnitude of the great latter-day work; the development of the gifts within them that have been bestowed upon them by the laying on of hands of the servants of God; cultivating a knowledge and an application of the eternal principles of the great science of life.” This great body of young men appeals for place and opportunity to work, to offer a helping hand in building up the Church of Christ, and to lend effective service to their fellowmen and in the cause of God. They stand for the mutual improvement of the youth of Zion. Their souls are thrilled with the grand vision of the future, and their hearts with the testimony of the glorious destiny of God’s “marvelous work and a wonder” of the latter days. The aim of their organization is, first, to impress them and all the youth of Israel with a testimony of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, as restored through Joseph the Prophet, and to this end they seek all useful knowledge by which they may be helpful in its establishment. They desire to learn to preside over public assemblies, to express themselves before the public, to study and to practice religious, civil, vocational, social and recreational, scientific and educational affairs, and to be trained in all that pertains to religious, moral, physical and intellectual advancement. The further object of the organization is to answer every desire of the young men of our community for excellence and enjoyment, and to provide for the gratification of every legitimate ambition and impulse to excel in these fields of endeavor without having to seek opportunity elsewhere. In a word, the aim of the Y. M. M. I. A. is to assist every young man to “complete living on the foundation of faith in God and his great latter-day work;” or, in other words, to live in perfect harmony with the established standards of the restored gospel of Jesus Christ.The activities of the organization consists in the adoption of many interesting and attractive details for work and service, including advanced senior, senior, and junior studies, in new and attractive manuals; scout work; recreational programs; leisure-time activities, and other features of marked interest to young people. Their organization presents to them fascinating programs to hold their attention in the wonderful business of building characters in their own lives, and in establishing faith in God and his great latter-day work.For a general heading for some of the declarations that this organization has made, and for which the young men stand, it is fitting to use the words of the Psalmist: “In the name of our God we will set up our banners.” To this end they present the following slogans: “We stand for a sacred Sabbath and a weekly half holiday; for a weekly home evening; for state and nation-wide prohibition; for thrift and economy; for service to God and country; for spiritual growth through attendance at sacrament meetings; for the non-use and non-sale of tobacco; and for loyal citizenship.”Some trust in the wealth of mines, some in the riches of the earth, others gather houses and lands, or lean upon the learning and wisdom of men; but even as David, God’s servant of old, the Y. M.  M. I. A. declare: “We will remember the name of the Lord our God. He will hear us from his holy heaven, hear and fulfil our petitions and redeem us with the saving strength of his right hand.” Setting up these slogans and ideals and, adding thereto, as the years go by, all helpful and useful knowledge and service, we will not only remember the name of the Lord our God, but will rejoice in his salvation, and in his name will seek to conquer evil and establish righteousness. —Edward H. Anderson, Editor of theImprovement Era.The Young Ladies’ Mutual Improvement AssociationThe Young Ladies’ Mutual Improvement Association had its origin in the Retrenchment Association, organized by President Brigham Young in the Lion House on November 28, 1869. Its membership consisted entirely of his own daughters, Ella Young being president, with Emily, Zina, Maria, Carlie, Phebe, and Dora Young as associate officers. The purpose of this Retrenchment Association, as President Young expressed it, was “to retrench in dress, in speech, in everything that is bad and worthless, and to improve in everything that is good and beautiful.” He also stated that he wished his daughters and the girls of the Church generally to gain for themselves a knowledge and testimony of the Gospel.Associations of other young women were soon patterned after the original one and later the name was changed to Mutual Improvement Association to harmonize with a similar organization which had been formed among the young men. In 1880 the general board was organized with Elmina S. Taylor, president; Margaret Y. Taylor, and Martha Home Tingey as counselors.The fundamental aim has always been to give religious and moral instruction and in addition such other lines of work as will help to prepare girls for their true position in the home and community life. Courses in the study of the standard works of the Church, and in literature, home economics, ethics, history, etc., have been provided.In connection with the Young Men’s Association, a line of work designated as “special activities” is conducted. This comprises music, public speaking, story-telling, declamation, drama, debating, etc. Much of the social work of the Church is under the direction of the two associations.The official organ of the Young Ladies’ Mutual Improvement Association is theYoung Woman’s Journal, a monthly magazine. This reflects the spirit of the organization and is the medium through which the general board reaches the stake and ward officers and members of the association. It has a subscription of about 18,000.The junior members of the association are known as bee-hive girls, the work provided being of the nature of the camp fire work and parallel to that of the boy scouts. There are some 14,000 bee-hive girls, in age from 14 to 16 years. There are also senior classes in all of the local associations and advanced senior classes in the majority of them.The present total membership (April 1, 1921) is 44,681. Two hundred seventy-six of this number are giving services in the Mission Field. —Clarissa Beesley, general secretary.The Primary AssociationThe need of child culture and special religious training for the children was the motive that prompted the organization of the Primary Association in the Church. The Lord has placed the responsibility of the training of the children of Church members on the shoulders of the parents, where it properly belongs. However, in the multitude of duties it is necessary that some help be extended to assist the parents in the important labor, and the various auxiliary organizations were given for this purpose.The following account of the origin and aims of the Primary Association is furnished by that organization:“The Primary Association originated at Farmington, Davis County, Utah, where the first meeting was held on the 25th day of August, 1878.“For some time previous, Sister Aurelia S. Rogers, the pioneer in this work, had reflected with much seriousness upon the need of a more strict guardianship over the boys and girls of Zion. She felt the necessity for more religious and moral training than they were then receiving; believed that children should be taught to beautify the home with the workmanship of their own hands, and learn to cultivate a love for music, for flowers, and for the beautiful in all things.“The matter was brought to the attention of Sister Eliza R. Snow and a consultation was held with President John Taylor, Emmeline B. Wells, and others, resulting in a decision to organize what is now known as ‘The Primary Association.’ It was resolved that the instruction should be of religious and moral character in all that tends toward the development of upright men and women.“Accordingly, on the 11th of August, 1878, Aurelia S. Rogers was set apart to preside over a Primary Association in Farmington. The ward was systematically visited and the name of every child recorded. Two weeks later the children were called together, the object of the work was explained to them, and the career of the association began. In addition to the meeting where general instructions were given including lessons on obedience, faith in God, prayer (individual and in concert), punctuality, and good manners, there were program and testimony meetings. A quarterly gathering was held every three months to which the parents were invited and a special program rendered. Lessons were given on the planting of beans and corn, to be stored for times of famine, in the making of rag carpets for use in Church buildings; and much emphasis was laid on the necessity for obedience to the word of wisdom.“Similar associations were organized in other places, and on the 19th day of June, 1880, Sister Louie B. Felt, then president of the Eleventh Ward Association in Salt Lake City, was called to preside over the Primary Associations of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in all the world.”There are 873 associations in the Church, with a total enrollment of 70,816 officers and children.The Religion ClassesSince the first year after the Church was organized it has maintained schools in which religion has been taught. Even in their early persecutions and drivings, whenever a sufficient number of members settled in any locality long enough to justify it, some suitable person was selected to teach and a school was organized. Religion was always a prominent study in them, and the study of the Bible was common in most of the schools of the nation.When the schools began to be maintained by the state, however, and people of all religious beliefs were obliged to pay taxes for their support, the Bible and all religious teachings were banished from the public schools because of the jealousy of the patrons over religious tenets. When this movement reached the settlements of our people in the West they yielded to it, but with deep disappointment, and to make up this loss the authorities of the Church established a system of Religion Classes to be held before or after school, and taught by volunteer teachers who serve without pay.In these Religion Classes the more practical principles of the Gospel are taught, and in such a way as to induce to good and noble actions. The organization and methods of teaching resemble those of the day school whose work they are designed to supplement. Up to the present time these classes are held only once a week, except in a few instances, but the original purpose and ultimate aim is to have them meet daily as other day school classes. In this way the religious and moral elements, now so lacking in the work of the public schools and so much needed to guide and control intellectual efficiency, will be supplied, and a more balanced development secured.The Religion Classes are a part of the Church School system and are under the supervision of the Church Commissioners of Education. Classes are organized in almost every ward in the Church and about 50,000 pupils are enrolled. —Horace H. Cummings, of the General Board.The Genealogical Society of UtahThe Genealogical Society of Utah was organized at a meeting held in the office of Franklin D. Richards, Church historian, November 13, 1894. It was decided by those present to organize a society the purposes of which were “to be benevolent in collecting, compiling, establishing and maintaining a genealogical library for the use and benefit of its members and others; educational in disseminating information regarding genealogical matters; and also religious.”The officers consist of a board of seven directors, and a president, vice-president, secretary, treasurer and librarian, who were to be selected from among the board of directors. The original members were Wilford Woodruff, George Q. Cannon, Joseph F. Smith, Lorenzo Snow, Franklin D. Richards, John Nicholson, Amos Milton Musser, James H. Anderson, James B. Walkley, Abraham H. Cannon, George Reynolds, John Jacques and Duncan M. McAllister.A room in the historian’s office was tendered by Historian Franklin D. Richards, for the use of the society “until such time as circumstances required a change of location, the use of said room to be free of charge.”Franklin D. Richards was chosen as president of the society; John Nicholson, vice-president; James H. Anderson, secretary; Amos Milton Musser, treasurer; John Jacques, librarian. These, with Andrew Jenson, formed the board of directors.At the third meeting of the society, November 20, 1894, articles of incorporation were prepared and the society was duly incorporated. The first books received by the society were also donated by the charter members at this meeting, consisting of eleven volumes. This was the nucleus of a library which, it is hoped by its members, is destined to become second to none in the world.At the beginning of the year 1895, the society had twenty-eight life members and twenty annual members. At the close of the year 1907 there were one hundred and eight life members and sixty-five annual members and the library contained sixteen hundred volumes. In the year 1908 the society took on new life, an impetus was given to the work of salvation for the dead and the people commenced to give greater attention to the gathering of the records of their ancestors. The volume of business during the years 1908–9 was greater than that which had been accomplished during the previous existence of the society. The work of the society was extensively advertised and was placed on a firm footing. At the close of the year 1921, there had been issued 3,100 life memberships, 6,512 annual memberships, including renewals, and the library contained 6,500 volumes.The Genealogical Society of Utah is a Church institution. It is not confined to the borders of Utah, but is as extensive in its field of activity as is the Church. It was organized for the purpose of aiding the members of the Church in the collecting and compiling of the records of their dead preparatory to the performance of ordinance work for their salvation in the temples of the Lord.

In addition to the quorums of the priesthood, there are in the Church a number of helpful organizations known as the auxiliary organizations. These are: The National Woman’s Relief Society, The Deseret Sunday School Union, The Young Men’s Mutual Improvement Association, The Young Ladies’ Mutual Improvement Association, and The Primary Association. There are two other organizations which are not classed as auxiliaries, namely, The Religion Classes—an adjunct of the Church School system —and the Genealogical Society of Utah, which is closely related in its work to the temples.

A brief statement of the organization, accomplishments and aims of these societies is here given.

The Relief Society, now known as the National Woman’s Relief Society, was organized in Nauvoo, March 17, 1842, by Joseph Smith, the Prophet, assisted by Elders John Taylor and Willard Richards. The object of the society, as stated by the Prophet, was “to look after the wants of the poor, to search after objects of charity, and to administer to their wants; to assist by correcting the morals and strengthening the virtues of the community, and thus to save the elders the trouble of rebuking.” He also expressed the desire that the society might be built up in a most high and acceptable manner, and should be a select company of the virtuous, and those who would walk circumspectly. One feature of the work of the society should be to purge out iniquity, surmount difficulties, “though the soul be tried, the heart faint, and hands hang down.” The members should observe the laws of God, hearken to counsel and keep free from the evils of the world, and be “choice, virtuous and holy.”

This organization, composed exclusively of the women of the Church, now (1922) numbers about fifty thousand members. It has accomplished a wonderful work in the care of the poor, alleviating the distress of the needy, the sick and afflicted, comforting those who mourn and preparing the dead for burial. All this work, and much more, which would fill volumes, has been accomplished in the spirit of true charity and love by the members, who unitedly endeavor to carry out the admonition and instruction given by President Joseph Smith at the time of the organization in 1842.

Outlines have been prepared from year to year and a course of study presented to the members by which they are trained not only in their duties as members of the society, but also in various branches of education, to the intent that they may be better equipped for the duties of life.

In the fall of 1848, a little more than a year after the arrival of the pioneers, Richard Ballantyne came to the Salt Lake Valley with his family. He located in the old fort and the following spring made plans for a home. He arranged his building to provide for the holding of a Sunday School, and on Sunday, December 9, 1849, the first Sunday School in the Rocky Mountains was held at his home, Elder Ballantyne being both superintendent and teacher. His Sunday School was popular among the members of the Church and was well attended until the year 1850, when a chapel was erected in the Fourteenth Ward into which the Sunday school was transferred. Not long after this other Sunday schools were organized in Salt Lake City and in a number of other settlements in Utah. However, there was no uniformity of method or course of study in these schools.

The possibility of the Sunday school as an agency for teaching the Gospel to the youth was early recognized and the importance of uniformity and co-operation in this task was urged early in 1866. In November, 1866, as a result of the growing sentiment, a meeting was called at which a general organization was effected for the purpose of concentrating and unifying Sunday school efforts. Elder George Q. Cannon was elected president of the organization which was called the Deseret Sunday School Union. The scope of the activity of the Deseret Sunday School Union is Church-wide, and its purpose is to establish uniformity in Sunday school methods, to develop greater teaching efficiency, and through co-operation to improve the quality of the work done. TheJuvenile Instructor, first published by Elder George Q. Cannon early in 1856, is the official organ of the Deseret Sunday School Union, and is a potent factor in accomplishing these results. It contains uniform lessons for each department in the Sunday schools. Teacher-training work, as a means of developing greater teaching efficiency, was first undertaken by the Sunday schools under the leadership of the general board. This movement has since attained Church-wide application under the leadership and direction of the Priesthood.

As an organization, auxiliary to the Priesthood, the ultimate aim of the Sunday schools is to teach the principles of the Gospel and to stimulate the pupils to render willing obedience thereto. More specifically, the Sunday school aims so to equip its members that they will be able not only to work out their own salvation through the application of, and obedience to, the principles of the Gospel which they have been taught, but also to prepare themselves for service in the Priesthood, in the mission fields, and in the organizations at home, through which opportunities are afforded them to render service to others. The Sunday school recognizes no age limit, but aims to accommodate all grades of spiritual development from infancy to old age.

From a membership of 50 pupils in the first Sunday school, the enrollment has increased until in 1920 there were 970 Sunday schools in the organized stakes of Zion with an enrollment of 170,164 pupils and 18,184 officers and teachers. The Sunday school work and organization extend into the missions where there are 596 schools which have an enrollment of 25,189 pupils, and 4,623 officers and teachers. The Sunday school in the mission field is recognized as the best means of arousing interest in the work of the Church and as a step toward the establishing of branches. —Albert Hamer Reiser, general secretary.

The Young Men’s Mutual Improvement Associations of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints were begun in the year 1875, the first organization having been effected in the Thirteenth ward, Salt Lake City, on the 10th day of June, that year, by Junius F. Wells, under the immediate instruction and direction of President Brigham Young. In 1921 there were 796 associations in the 871 wards and 86 stakes of the Church, with an active membership of 43,562 and a force of officers of 6,116. In 22 missions of the Church there are a large number of associations, with an encouraging membership; and much good is being accomplished for and by the young people. The organization is supervised by a general board under the direction of the general authorities of the Church. A central organization consisting of a superintendent, two assistants, the secretary, treasurer, and several aids, has charge in each stake. Each ward is officered by a president, two counselors, secretary, treasurer, class leaders, scoutmaster, and other assistants for special work in music, recreation, athletics, leisure-time activities, etc. Standing committees in all the organizations look after the details of the work. The Y. M. M. I. A. as an auxiliary organization, while independent in its actions, studies, recreation and general activity, is under the controlling influence of the general stake and ward officers of the Church. At the organization, President Brigham Young stated the keynote of the work of these organizations to be “the establishment in the youth of individual testimony of the truth and magnitude of the great latter-day work; the development of the gifts within them that have been bestowed upon them by the laying on of hands of the servants of God; cultivating a knowledge and an application of the eternal principles of the great science of life.” This great body of young men appeals for place and opportunity to work, to offer a helping hand in building up the Church of Christ, and to lend effective service to their fellowmen and in the cause of God. They stand for the mutual improvement of the youth of Zion. Their souls are thrilled with the grand vision of the future, and their hearts with the testimony of the glorious destiny of God’s “marvelous work and a wonder” of the latter days. The aim of their organization is, first, to impress them and all the youth of Israel with a testimony of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, as restored through Joseph the Prophet, and to this end they seek all useful knowledge by which they may be helpful in its establishment. They desire to learn to preside over public assemblies, to express themselves before the public, to study and to practice religious, civil, vocational, social and recreational, scientific and educational affairs, and to be trained in all that pertains to religious, moral, physical and intellectual advancement. The further object of the organization is to answer every desire of the young men of our community for excellence and enjoyment, and to provide for the gratification of every legitimate ambition and impulse to excel in these fields of endeavor without having to seek opportunity elsewhere. In a word, the aim of the Y. M. M. I. A. is to assist every young man to “complete living on the foundation of faith in God and his great latter-day work;” or, in other words, to live in perfect harmony with the established standards of the restored gospel of Jesus Christ.

The activities of the organization consists in the adoption of many interesting and attractive details for work and service, including advanced senior, senior, and junior studies, in new and attractive manuals; scout work; recreational programs; leisure-time activities, and other features of marked interest to young people. Their organization presents to them fascinating programs to hold their attention in the wonderful business of building characters in their own lives, and in establishing faith in God and his great latter-day work.

For a general heading for some of the declarations that this organization has made, and for which the young men stand, it is fitting to use the words of the Psalmist: “In the name of our God we will set up our banners.” To this end they present the following slogans: “We stand for a sacred Sabbath and a weekly half holiday; for a weekly home evening; for state and nation-wide prohibition; for thrift and economy; for service to God and country; for spiritual growth through attendance at sacrament meetings; for the non-use and non-sale of tobacco; and for loyal citizenship.”

Some trust in the wealth of mines, some in the riches of the earth, others gather houses and lands, or lean upon the learning and wisdom of men; but even as David, God’s servant of old, the Y. M.  M. I. A. declare: “We will remember the name of the Lord our God. He will hear us from his holy heaven, hear and fulfil our petitions and redeem us with the saving strength of his right hand.” Setting up these slogans and ideals and, adding thereto, as the years go by, all helpful and useful knowledge and service, we will not only remember the name of the Lord our God, but will rejoice in his salvation, and in his name will seek to conquer evil and establish righteousness. —Edward H. Anderson, Editor of theImprovement Era.

The Young Ladies’ Mutual Improvement Association had its origin in the Retrenchment Association, organized by President Brigham Young in the Lion House on November 28, 1869. Its membership consisted entirely of his own daughters, Ella Young being president, with Emily, Zina, Maria, Carlie, Phebe, and Dora Young as associate officers. The purpose of this Retrenchment Association, as President Young expressed it, was “to retrench in dress, in speech, in everything that is bad and worthless, and to improve in everything that is good and beautiful.” He also stated that he wished his daughters and the girls of the Church generally to gain for themselves a knowledge and testimony of the Gospel.

Associations of other young women were soon patterned after the original one and later the name was changed to Mutual Improvement Association to harmonize with a similar organization which had been formed among the young men. In 1880 the general board was organized with Elmina S. Taylor, president; Margaret Y. Taylor, and Martha Home Tingey as counselors.

The fundamental aim has always been to give religious and moral instruction and in addition such other lines of work as will help to prepare girls for their true position in the home and community life. Courses in the study of the standard works of the Church, and in literature, home economics, ethics, history, etc., have been provided.

In connection with the Young Men’s Association, a line of work designated as “special activities” is conducted. This comprises music, public speaking, story-telling, declamation, drama, debating, etc. Much of the social work of the Church is under the direction of the two associations.

The official organ of the Young Ladies’ Mutual Improvement Association is theYoung Woman’s Journal, a monthly magazine. This reflects the spirit of the organization and is the medium through which the general board reaches the stake and ward officers and members of the association. It has a subscription of about 18,000.

The junior members of the association are known as bee-hive girls, the work provided being of the nature of the camp fire work and parallel to that of the boy scouts. There are some 14,000 bee-hive girls, in age from 14 to 16 years. There are also senior classes in all of the local associations and advanced senior classes in the majority of them.

The present total membership (April 1, 1921) is 44,681. Two hundred seventy-six of this number are giving services in the Mission Field. —Clarissa Beesley, general secretary.

The need of child culture and special religious training for the children was the motive that prompted the organization of the Primary Association in the Church. The Lord has placed the responsibility of the training of the children of Church members on the shoulders of the parents, where it properly belongs. However, in the multitude of duties it is necessary that some help be extended to assist the parents in the important labor, and the various auxiliary organizations were given for this purpose.

The following account of the origin and aims of the Primary Association is furnished by that organization:

“The Primary Association originated at Farmington, Davis County, Utah, where the first meeting was held on the 25th day of August, 1878.

“For some time previous, Sister Aurelia S. Rogers, the pioneer in this work, had reflected with much seriousness upon the need of a more strict guardianship over the boys and girls of Zion. She felt the necessity for more religious and moral training than they were then receiving; believed that children should be taught to beautify the home with the workmanship of their own hands, and learn to cultivate a love for music, for flowers, and for the beautiful in all things.

“The matter was brought to the attention of Sister Eliza R. Snow and a consultation was held with President John Taylor, Emmeline B. Wells, and others, resulting in a decision to organize what is now known as ‘The Primary Association.’ It was resolved that the instruction should be of religious and moral character in all that tends toward the development of upright men and women.

“Accordingly, on the 11th of August, 1878, Aurelia S. Rogers was set apart to preside over a Primary Association in Farmington. The ward was systematically visited and the name of every child recorded. Two weeks later the children were called together, the object of the work was explained to them, and the career of the association began. In addition to the meeting where general instructions were given including lessons on obedience, faith in God, prayer (individual and in concert), punctuality, and good manners, there were program and testimony meetings. A quarterly gathering was held every three months to which the parents were invited and a special program rendered. Lessons were given on the planting of beans and corn, to be stored for times of famine, in the making of rag carpets for use in Church buildings; and much emphasis was laid on the necessity for obedience to the word of wisdom.

“Similar associations were organized in other places, and on the 19th day of June, 1880, Sister Louie B. Felt, then president of the Eleventh Ward Association in Salt Lake City, was called to preside over the Primary Associations of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in all the world.”

There are 873 associations in the Church, with a total enrollment of 70,816 officers and children.

Since the first year after the Church was organized it has maintained schools in which religion has been taught. Even in their early persecutions and drivings, whenever a sufficient number of members settled in any locality long enough to justify it, some suitable person was selected to teach and a school was organized. Religion was always a prominent study in them, and the study of the Bible was common in most of the schools of the nation.

When the schools began to be maintained by the state, however, and people of all religious beliefs were obliged to pay taxes for their support, the Bible and all religious teachings were banished from the public schools because of the jealousy of the patrons over religious tenets. When this movement reached the settlements of our people in the West they yielded to it, but with deep disappointment, and to make up this loss the authorities of the Church established a system of Religion Classes to be held before or after school, and taught by volunteer teachers who serve without pay.

In these Religion Classes the more practical principles of the Gospel are taught, and in such a way as to induce to good and noble actions. The organization and methods of teaching resemble those of the day school whose work they are designed to supplement. Up to the present time these classes are held only once a week, except in a few instances, but the original purpose and ultimate aim is to have them meet daily as other day school classes. In this way the religious and moral elements, now so lacking in the work of the public schools and so much needed to guide and control intellectual efficiency, will be supplied, and a more balanced development secured.

The Religion Classes are a part of the Church School system and are under the supervision of the Church Commissioners of Education. Classes are organized in almost every ward in the Church and about 50,000 pupils are enrolled. —Horace H. Cummings, of the General Board.

The Genealogical Society of Utah was organized at a meeting held in the office of Franklin D. Richards, Church historian, November 13, 1894. It was decided by those present to organize a society the purposes of which were “to be benevolent in collecting, compiling, establishing and maintaining a genealogical library for the use and benefit of its members and others; educational in disseminating information regarding genealogical matters; and also religious.”

The officers consist of a board of seven directors, and a president, vice-president, secretary, treasurer and librarian, who were to be selected from among the board of directors. The original members were Wilford Woodruff, George Q. Cannon, Joseph F. Smith, Lorenzo Snow, Franklin D. Richards, John Nicholson, Amos Milton Musser, James H. Anderson, James B. Walkley, Abraham H. Cannon, George Reynolds, John Jacques and Duncan M. McAllister.

A room in the historian’s office was tendered by Historian Franklin D. Richards, for the use of the society “until such time as circumstances required a change of location, the use of said room to be free of charge.”

Franklin D. Richards was chosen as president of the society; John Nicholson, vice-president; James H. Anderson, secretary; Amos Milton Musser, treasurer; John Jacques, librarian. These, with Andrew Jenson, formed the board of directors.

At the third meeting of the society, November 20, 1894, articles of incorporation were prepared and the society was duly incorporated. The first books received by the society were also donated by the charter members at this meeting, consisting of eleven volumes. This was the nucleus of a library which, it is hoped by its members, is destined to become second to none in the world.

At the beginning of the year 1895, the society had twenty-eight life members and twenty annual members. At the close of the year 1907 there were one hundred and eight life members and sixty-five annual members and the library contained sixteen hundred volumes. In the year 1908 the society took on new life, an impetus was given to the work of salvation for the dead and the people commenced to give greater attention to the gathering of the records of their ancestors. The volume of business during the years 1908–9 was greater than that which had been accomplished during the previous existence of the society. The work of the society was extensively advertised and was placed on a firm footing. At the close of the year 1921, there had been issued 3,100 life memberships, 6,512 annual memberships, including renewals, and the library contained 6,500 volumes.

The Genealogical Society of Utah is a Church institution. It is not confined to the borders of Utah, but is as extensive in its field of activity as is the Church. It was organized for the purpose of aiding the members of the Church in the collecting and compiling of the records of their dead preparatory to the performance of ordinance work for their salvation in the temples of the Lord.

Appendix: General Authorities of the ChurchPresidents of the ChurchJoseph SmithBorn Dec. 23, 1805, at Sharon, Vermont; received the Melchizedek Priesthood from Peter, James and John in 1820; sustained April, 1830, as First Elder and Oliver Cowdery as Second Elder of the Church, at the age of 24; sustained January 25, 1832, as President of the High Priesthood at a conference at Amherst, Lorain County, Ohio; murdered June 27, 1844, at Carthage Jail, Illinois.Brigham YoungBorn June 1, 1801, at Whittingham, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 14, 1835, by Joseph Smith and the three witnesses of the Book of Mormon; sustained Dec. 27, 1847, as President of the Church, at the age of 46; died Aug. 29, 1877, at Salt Lake City, Utah.John TaylorBorn Nov. 1, 1808, at Milnthorpe, England; ordained an apostle Dec. 19, 1838, under the hands of Brigham Young and Heber C. Kimball; sustained Oct. 10, 1880, as President of the Church, at the age of 72; died July 25, 1887, at Kaysville, Davis County, Utah.Wilford WoodruffBorn March 1, 1807, at Avon, Connecticut; ordained an apostle April 26, 1839, by Brigham Young; sustained April 7, 1889, as President of the Church, at the age of 82; died Sept. 2, 1898, at San Francisco, California.Lorenzo SnowBorn April 3, 1814, at Mantua, Ohio; ordained an apostle Feb. 12, 1849, by Heber C. Kimball; sustained Sept. 13, 1898, as President of the Church, at the age of 84; died Oct. 10, 1901, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Joseph F. SmithBorn Nov. 13, 1838, at Far West, Missouri; ordained an apostle July 1, 1866, by Brigham Young, and set apart as one of the twelve apostles Oct. 8, 1867; sustained Oct. 17, 1901, as President of the Church, at the age of 63; died Nov. 19, 1918, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Heber J. GrantBorn Nov. 22, 1856, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle by George Q. Cannon, October 16, 1882; sustained Nov. 23, 1918, as President of the Church, at the age of 63.First Counselors in the First PresidencySidney RigdonBorn Feb. 19, 1793, at St. Clair, Pennsylvania; ordained a high priest by Joseph Smith and set apart March 18, 1833, as first counselor in the First Presidency by Joseph Smith, at the age of 40; excommunicated Sept. 8, 1844; died July 14, 1876, at Friendship, Alleghany County, New York.Heber C. KimballBorn June 14, 1801, at Sheldon, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 14, 1835, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris; sustained Dec. 27, 1847, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 46; died June 22, 1868, at Salt Lake City, Utah.George A. SmithBorn June 26, 1817, at Potsdam, New York; ordained an apostle April 26, 1839, by Heber C. Kimball; sustained October 6, 1868, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 51; died Sept. 1, 1875, at Salt Lake City, Utah.John W. YoungBorn Oct. 1, 1844, at Nauvoo, Illinois; sustained Oct. 7, 1876, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 32; retired at the death of Brigham Young.George Q. CannonBorn Jan. 11, 1827, at Liverpool, England; ordained an apostle Aug. 26, 1860, by Brigham Young; sustained Oct. 10, 1880, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 62; sustained April 7, 1889, as first counselor to President Woodruff and also to President Lorenzo Snow, Sept. 13, 1898; died April 12, 1901, at Monterey, California.John R. WinderBorn Dec. 11, 1821, at Biddenden, England; ordained a high priest March 4, 1872, by Edward Hunter; sustained Oct. 17, 1901, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 80; died March 27, 1910, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Anthon H. LundBorn May 15, 1844, at Aalborg, Denmark; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1889, by George Q. Cannon; sustained April 7, 1910, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 66; died March 2, 1921, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Charles W. PenroseBorn Feb. 4, 1832, at London, England; ordained an apostle July 7, 1904, by Joseph F. Smith; sustained March 10, 1921, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 89.Second Counselors in the First PresidencyFred’k G. WilliamsBorn Oct. 28, 1787, at Suffield, Connecticut; called by revelation March, 1832, to be a high priest and counselor to Joseph Smith; ordained and set apart March 18, 1833, as second counselor in the First Presidency by Joseph Smith, at the age of 46; rejected Nov. 7, 1837; died Oct. 10, 1842, at Quincy, Illinois.Hyrum SmithBorn Feb. 9, 1800, at Tunbridge, Vermont; ordained a high priest June 6, 1831, by Joseph Smith; chosen as second counselor in the First Presidency, Nov. 7, 1837, at the age of 37; called to be Patriarch Jan. 24, 1841; murdered June 27, 1844, at Carthage, Illinois.William LawBorn Sept. 8, 1809; ordained and set apart Jan. 24, 1841, as second counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 32, excommunicated April 18, 1844; died Jan. 19, 1892, at Shullsburg, Wisconsin.Willard RichardsBorn June 24, 1804, at Hopkinton, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle April 14, 1840, by Brigham Young; sustained Dec. 27, 1847, as second counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 43; died March 11, 1854, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Jedediah M. GrantBorn Feb. 21, 1816, at Windsor, New York; set apart as second counselor in the First Presidency, April 7, 1854, at the age of 38; died Dec. 1, 1856, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Daniel H. WellsBorn Oct. 27, 1814, at Trenton, New York; ordained an apostle and set apart as second counselor in the First Presidency, January 4, 1857, by Brigham Young, at the age of 43; retired at the death of President Young; died March 24, 1891, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Joseph F. SmithBorn Nov. 13, 1838, at Far West, Missouri; set apart as one of the twelve apostles Oct. 8, 1867; sustained Oct. 10, 1880, as second counselor to President John Taylor, at the age of 41; also sustained as second counselor to President Wilford Woodruff, April 7, 1889, and to President Lorenzo Snow, Sept. 13, 1898; sustained as President of the Church Oct. 17, 1901; died Nov. 19, 1918, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Anthon H. LundBorn May 15, 1844, at Aalborg, Denmark; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1889, by George Q. Cannon; sustained as second counselor in the First Presidency, Oct. 17, 1901, at the age of 51; advanced to first counselor April 7, 1910; died March 2, 1921, at Salt Lake City, Utah.John Henry SmithBorn Sept. 18, 1848, at Carbunca, Iowa; ordained an apostle Oct. 27, 1880, by Wilford Woodruff; sustained April 7, 1910, as second counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 62; died Oct. 13, 1911, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Charles W. PenroseBorn Feb. 4, 1832, at London, England; ordained an apostle July 7, 1904, by Joseph F. Smith; sustained Dec. 7, 1911, as second counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 79; advanced to first counselor March 10, 1921.Anthony W. IvinsBorn Sept. 16, 1852, at Toms River, New Jersey; ordained an apostle Oct. 6, 1907, by Joseph F. Smith; sustained as second counselor in the First Presidency, March 10, 1921, at the age of 68.The Apostles of the ChurchThomas B. MarshBorn Nov. 1, 1799, at Acton, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle April 26, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 36; President of the council of apostles; excommunicated for apostasy March 17, 1839; returned to the Church in 1857; died in 1860 at Ogden, Utah.David W. PattenBorn in 1800, at Theresa, New York; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 35; shot Oct. 25, 1838, at the Battle of Crooked River, Missouri.Brigham YoungBorn June 1, 1801, at Whittingham, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 14, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 34; President of the council of apostles; sustained Dec. 27, 1847, as President of the Church; died Aug. 29, 1877, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Heber C. KimballBorn June 14, 1801, at Sheldon, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 14, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 34; died June 22, 1868, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Orson HydeBorn Jan. 8, 1805, at Oxford, Connecticut; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 30; died Nov. 28, 1878, at Spring City, Utah.William E. McLellinBorn 1806, in Tennessee; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 29; excommunicated May 11, 1838; died April 24, 1883, at Independence, Jackson County, Missouri.Parley P. PrattBorn April 12, 1807, at Burlington, New York; ordained an apostle Feb. 21, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 28; assassinated May 13, 1857, at Van Buren, Arkansas.Luke S. JohnsonBorn Nov. 3, 1807, at Pomfret, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 28; excommunicated April 13, 1838; returned to the Church, and died Dec. 9, 1861, at Salt Lake City, Utah.William B. SmithBorn March 13, 1811, at Royalton, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 24; excommunicated Oct. 12, 1845; died Nov. 13, 1893, at Osterdock, Clayton County, Iowa.Orson PrattBorn Sept. 19, 1811, at Hartford, New York; ordained an apostle April 26, 1835, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at Kirtland, at the age of 24; died Oct. 3, 1881, at Salt Lake City, Utah.John F. BoyntonBorn Sept. 20, 1811, at Bradford, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 24; excommunicated; died Oct. 20, 1890, at Syracuse, New York.Lyman E. JohnsonBorn Oct. 24, 1811, at Pomfret, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 14, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 24; excommunicated April 13, 1838; died Dec. 20, 1856, at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin.John E. PageBorn Feb. 25, 1799, at Trenton, New York; ordained an apostle Dec. 19. 1838, at Far West, under the hands of Brigham Young and Heber C. Kimball, at the age of 39; excommunicated June 27, 1846; died in the fall of 1867, at De Kalb County, Illinois.John TaylorBorn Nov. 1, 1808, at Milnthorpe, England; ordained an apostle Dec. 19, 1838, at Far West, under the hands of Brigham Young and Heber C. Kimball, at the age of 30; President of the council of apostles; sustained as President of the Church Oct. 10, 1880; died July 25, 1887, at Kaysville, Utah.Wilford WoodruffBorn March 1, 1807, at Avon, Connecticut; ordained an apostle April 26, 1839, at Far West, by Brigham Young, at the age of 32; President of the council of apostles; sustained as President of the Church April 7, 1889; died Sept. 2, 1898, at San Francisco, California.George A. SmithBorn June 26, 1817, at Potsdam, New York; ordained an apostle April 26, 1839, at Far West, by Heber C. Kimball, at the age of 22; advanced to be first counselor in the First Presidency, Oct. 6, 1868; died Sept. 1, 1875, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Willard RichardsBorn June 24, 1804, at Hopkinton, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle April 14, 1840, at Preston, Lancashire, England, by Brigham Young, at the age of 36; advanced to be second counselor in the First Presidency, Dec. 27, 1847; died March 11, 1854, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Lyman WightBorn May 9, 1796, at Fairfield, New York; ordained an apostle April 8, 1841, by Joseph Smith, at Nauvoo, at the age of 44; excommunicated Feb. 12, 1849; died March 31, 1858, in Mountain Valley, Texas.Amasa M. LymanBorn March 30, 1813, at Lyman, New Hampshire; ordained an apostle Aug. 20, 1842, at Nauvoo, by Brigham Young, Heber C. Kimball and George A. Smith, at the age of 29; deprived of apostleship Oct. 8, 1867; excommunicated May 12, 1870; died Feb. 4, 1877, at Fillmore, Millard County, Utah.Ezra T. BensonBorn Feb. 22, 1811, at Mendon, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle July 16, 1846, at Council Bluffs, by Brigham Young, at the age of 35; died Sept. 3, 1869, at Ogden, Utah.Charles C. RichBorn Aug. 21, 1809, at Campbell County, Kentucky; ordained an apostle Feb. 12, 1849, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Brigham Young, at the age of 40; died Nov. 17, 1883, at Paris, Idaho.Lorenzo SnowBorn April 3, 1814, at Mantua, Ohio; ordained an apostle Feb. 12, 1849, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Heber C. Kimball, at the age of 36; President of the council of the apostles; sustained as President of the Church Sept. 13, 1898; died Oct. 10, 1901, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Erastus SnowBorn Nov. 9, 1818, at St. Johnsbury. Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 12, 1849, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Brigham Young, at the age of 31; died May 27, 1888, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Franklin D. RichardsBorn April 2, 1821, at Richmond, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle Feb. 12, 1849, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Heber C. Kimball, at the age of 28; President of the council of apostles; died Dec. 9, 1899, at Ogden, Utah.George Q. CannonBorn Jan. 11, 1827, at Liverpool, England; ordained an apostle Aug. 26, 1860, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Brigham Young, at the age of 33; advanced to be first counselor in the First Presidency, Oct. 10, 1880; died April 12, 1901, at Monterey, California.Joseph F. SmithBorn Nov. 13, 1838, at Far West, Missouri; ordained an apostle July 1, 1866, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Brigham Young; set apart as one of the twelve apostles Oct. 8, 1867, at the age of 29; sustained as President of the Church Oct. 17, 1901; died Nov. 19. 1918, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Brigham Young, JrBorn Dec. 18, 1836, at Kirtland, Ohio; ordained an apostle Feb. 4, 1864, by Brigham Young and set apart as one of the twelve apostles Oct. 9, 1868, at the age of 32; President of the council of apostles; died April 11, 1903, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Albert CarringtonBorn Jan. 8, 1813, at Royalton, Vermont; ordained an apostle July 3, 1870, by Brigham Young at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 57; excommunicated Nov. 7, 1885; died Sept. 19, 1889, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Moses ThatcherBorn Feb. 2, 1842, at Sangamon County, Illinois; ordained an apostle April 9, 1879, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by John Taylor, at the age of 37; dropped from the council of the apostles April 6, 1896; died Aug. 21, 1909.Francis M. LymanBorn Jan. 12, 1840, at McComb, Illinois; ordained an apostle Oct. 27, 1880, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by John Taylor, at the age of 40; President of the council of apostles; died Nov. 18, 1916, at Salt Lake City, Utah.John Henry SmithBorn Sept. 18, 1848, at Carbunca, Iowa; ordained an apostle Oct. 27, 1880, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Wilford Woodruff, at the age of 32; advanced to be second counselor in the First Presidency, April 7, 1910; died Oct. 13, 1911, at Salt Lake City, Utah.George TeasdaleBorn Dec. 8. 1831, at London, England; ordained an apostle Oct. 16, 1882, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by John Taylor, at the age of 51; died June 9, 1907, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Heber J. GrantBorn Nov. 22, 1856, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 16, 1882, by George Q. Cannon, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 26; President of the council of apostles; sustained as President of the Church Nov. 23, 1918.John W. TaylorBorn May 15, 1858, at Provo, Utah; ordained an apostle April 9, 1884, by John Taylor, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 26; resigned Oct. 6, 1905; excommunicated March 28, 1911; died Oct. 10, 1916, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Marriner W. MerrillBorn Sept. 25, 1832, at Sackville, New Brunswick; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1889, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Wilford Woodruff, at the age of 57; died Feb. 6, 1906, at Richmond, Cache County, Utah.Anthon H. LundBorn May 15, 1844, at Aalborg, Denmark; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1889 by George Q. Cannon at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 45; President of the council of apostles; advanced to second counselor in the First Presidency, Oct. 17, 1901; to first counselor in Presidency, April 7, 1910; died March 2, 1921.Abraham H. CannonBorn March 12, 1859, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1889, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 30; died July 19, 1896, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Matthias F. CowleyBorn Aug. 25, 1858, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1897, by George Q. Cannon at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 39; resigned Oct. 28, 1905.Abraham O. WoodruffBorn Nov. 23, 1872, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1897, by Wilford Woodruff, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 25; died June 20, 1904, at El Paso, Texas.Rudger ClawsonBorn March 12, 1857, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 10, 1898, by Lorenzo Snow, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 41; President of the council of apostles.Reed SmootBorn Jan. 10, 1862, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle April 8, 1900, by Lorenzo Snow, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 38.Hyrum Mack SmithBorn March 21, 1872, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 24, 1901, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 29; died Jan. 23, 1918, at Salt Lake City, Utah.George Albert SmithBorn April 4, 1870, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 8, 1903, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 33.Charles W. PenroseBorn Feb. 4, 1832, at London, England; ordained an apostle July 7, 1904, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 72; advanced to be second counselor in the First Presidency, Dec. 7, 1911; advanced to be first counselor in the First Presidency, March 10, 1921.George F. RichardsBorn Feb. 23, 1861, at Farmington, Utah; ordained an apostle April 9, 1906, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 45.Orson F. WhitneyBorn July 1, 1855, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle April 9, 1906, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 50.David O. McKayBorn Sept. 8, 1873, at Huntsville, Utah; ordained an apostle April 9, 1906, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 32.Anthony W. IvinsBorn Sept. 16, 1852, at Toms River, New Jersey; ordained an apostle Oct. 6, 1907, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 55; advanced to be second counselor in the First Presidency, March 10, 1921.Joseph Fielding SmithBorn July 19, 1876, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle April 7, 1910, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 33.James E. TalmageBorn Sept. 21, 1862, at Hungerford, Berkshire, England; ordained an apostle Dec. 8, 1911, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 49.Stephen L. RichardsBorn June 18, 1879, at Mendon, Cache County, Utah; ordained an apostle Jan. 17, 1917, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 37.Richard R. LymanBorn Nov. 23, 1870, at Fillmore, Utah; ordained an apostle April 7, 1918, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 47.Melvin J. BallardBorn Feb. 9, 1873, at Logan, Utah; ordained an apostle Jan. 7, 1919, by Heber J. Grant, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 45.John A. WidtsoeBorn Jan. 31, 1872, on the Island of Troyen, Norway; ordained an apostle March 17, 1921, by Heber J. Grant, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 49.Presiding PatriarchsJoseph Smith, Sen.Born July 12, 1771, at Topsfield, Essex County, Mass.; ordained presiding patriarch of the Church, Dec. 18, 1833, under the hands of Joseph Smith, Oliver Cowdery, Sidney Rigdon and Frederick G. Williams; died Sept. 14, 1840, at Nauvoo, Illinois.Hyrum SmithBorn Feb. 9, 1800, at Tunbridge, Orange County, Vermont; ordained presiding patriarch of the Church Jan. 24, 1841, by Joseph Smith; murdered June 27, 1844, at Carthage Jail, Illinois.John SmithBorn July 16, 1781, at Derryfield, Rockingham County, New Hampshire; ordained a patriarch Jan. 10, 1844, at Nauvoo, by Joseph Smith; set apart as presiding patriarch of the Church, Jan. 1, 1849, at Salt Lake City, Utah; died May 23, 1854, at Salt Lake City, Utah.John SmithBorn Sept. 22, 1832, at Kirtland, Ohio; ordained presiding patriarch of the Church Feb. 18, 1855, by Brigham Young at Salt Lake City, Utah; died Nov. 6, 1911, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Hyrum G. SmithBorn July 8, 1879, at South Jordan, Salt Lake County, Utah; ordained a seventy Feb. 11, 1907, by George G. Bywater; ordained a high priest and presiding patriarch of the Church May 9, 1912, by Joseph F. Smith at Salt Lake City, Utah.First Seven Presidents of SeventiesHazen AldrichChosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland; released April 6, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest.Joseph YoungBorn April 7, 1797, at Hopkinton, Middlesex County, Mass.; chosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland, at the age of 37; died July 16, 1881, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Levi W. HancockBorn April 7, 1803, at Old Springfield, Hampden County, Mass.; chosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland, at the age of 31; died June 10, 1882, at Washington, Washington County, Utah.Zebedee ColtrinBorn Sept. 7, 1804, at Ovid, Seneca County, New York; chosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland, at the age of 30; released April 6, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest; died July 21, 1887, at Spanish Fork, Utah.Leonard RichChosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland; released April 6, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest.Lyman ShermanChosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland; released April 6, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest.Sylvester SmithChosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland; released April 6, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest.John GouldOrdained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland; released Sept. 3, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest.James FosterBorn April 1, 1775; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland; died Dec. 21, 1841, at Morgan County, Utah.Daniel S. MilesOrdained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland; died in 1845, in Hancock County, Illinois.Josiah ButterfieldBorn in the State of Maine; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland; excommunicated Oct. 7, 1844; died at Monterey County, California.Salmon GeeBorn Oct. 16, 1792, at Lyme, New London County, Conn.; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland, at the age of 43; seventies withdrew their fellowship from Brother Gee, March 6, 1838; died Sept. 13, 1845, at Ambrosia, Lee County, Iowa.John GaylordBorn July 12, 1797; ordained a seventy Dec. 20, 1836; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland, at the age of 39; excommunicated Jan. 13, 1838; rejoined the Church at Nauvoo.Henry HarrimanBorn June 9, 1804, at Rowley (now Georgetown), Essex County, Mass.; ordained a seventy in 1835; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Feb. 6, 1838, at Kirtland, at the age of 33; died May 17, 1891, at Huntington, Emery County, Utah.Zera PulsipherBorn June 24, 1789, at Rockingham, Windham County, Vermont; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents March 6, 1838, at Kirtland, at the age of 48; released April 12, 1862; died Jan. 1, 1872, at Hebron, Washington County, Utah.Albert P. RockwoodBorn June 5, 1805, at Holliston, Middlesex County, Mass.; ordained a seventy Jan. 5, 1839, at Kirtland; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Dec. 2, 1845, at Nauvoo, at the age of 40; died Nov. 26, 1879, at Sugar House, Salt Lake Co., Utah.Benjamin L. ClappBorn Aug. 19, 1814, in Alabama; ordained and set apart president of the 8th quorum of seventy Oct. 20, 1844; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Dec. 2, 1845, at Nauvoo, at the age of 31; died in 1860, in California.Horace S. EldredgeBorn Feb. 6, 1816, at Brutus, Cayuga County, New York; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents in 1854, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 38; died Sept. 6, 1888, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Jacob GatesBorn March 9, 1811, in St. Johnsbury, Caledonia County, Vermont; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents in Oct. 1862, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 51; died April 14, 1892, at Provo, Utah.John Van CottBorn Sept. 7, 1814, at Canaan, Columbia County, New York; ordained a seventy, Feb. 25, 1847; set apart as one of the first seven presidents in Oct. 1862, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 48; died Feb. 18, 1883, at Salt Lake City, Utah.William W. TaylorBorn Sept. 11, 1853, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1880, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 26; died Aug. 1, 1884, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Abraham H. CannonBorn March 12, 1859, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 9, 1882, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 23; called to the apostleship Oct. 7, 1889; died July 19, 1896, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Seymour B. YoungBorn Oct. 3, 1837, at Kirtland, Ohio; ordained a seventy Feb. 18, 1857; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 14, 1882, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 45.C. D. FjeldstedBorn Feb. 20, 1829, at Sundbyvester, Copenhagen, Denmark; ordained a seventy Feb. 5, 1859; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 28, 1884, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 55; died Dec. 23, 1905, at Salt Lake City, Utah.John MorganBorn Aug. 8, 1842, at Greensburg, Decatur County, Indiana; ordained a seventy Oct. 8, 1875; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 1884, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 42; died Aug. 14, 1894, at Preston, Idaho.Brigham H. RobertsBorn March 13, 1857, at Warrington, Lancashire, England; ordained a seventy March 8, 1877; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 8, 1888, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 31.George ReynoldsBorn Jan. 1, 1842, at Marylebone, London, England; ordained a seventy March 18, 1866; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 10, 1890, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 54; died Aug. 9, 1909, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Jonathan Golden KimballBorn June 9, 1853, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained a seventy July 21, 1886; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1892, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 38.Rulon S. WellsBorn July 7, 1854, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained a seventy Oct. 22, 1875; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 5, 1893, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 38.Edward StevensonBorn May 1, 1820, at Gibraltar, Spain; ordained a seventy May 1, 1845; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 9, 1894, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 74; died Jan. 27, 1897, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Joseph W. McMurrinBorn Sept. 5, 1858, at Tooele, Tooele County, Utah; ordained a seventy April 21, 1884; sustained in Oct. 1897 and set apart as one of the first seven presidents Jan. 21, 1898, at Liverpool, England, at the age of 39.Charles H. HartBorn July 5, 1866, at Bloomington, Bear Lake County, Idaho; ordained a seventy Aug. 10, 1890; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 8, 1906, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 39.Levi Edgar YoungBorn Feb. 2, 1874, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained a seventy June 18, 1897; sustained as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 6, 1909; set apart Jan. 23, 1910, at New York, at the age of 36.Presiding BishopsEdward PartridgeBorn Aug. 27, 1793, at Pittsfield, Berkshire County, Mass.; called by revelation to be the first bishop of the Church, ordained and set apart Feb. 4, 1831, at the age of 38; died May 27, 1840, at Nauvoo, Illinois.Newel K. WhitneyBorn Feb. 5, 1795, at Marlborough, Windham County, Vermont; called by revelation to be the first bishop of Kirtland; sustained as presiding bishop of the Church at the conference of April, 1847; died Sept. 23, 1850, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Edward HunterBorn June 22, 1793, at Newton, Delaware County, Penn.; called and sustained as the presiding bishop of the Church April 7, 1851; ordained and set apart April 11, 1852, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 58; died Oct. 16, 1883, at Salt Lake City, Utah.William B. PrestonBorn Nov. 24, 1830, at Halifax, Franklin County, Virginia; ordained a bishop Nov. 14, 1859; set apart as presiding bishop of the Church April 6, 1884, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 53; died Aug. 2, 1908, at Salt Lake City, Utah.Charles W. NibleyBorn Feb. 5, 1849, at Hunterfield, Midlothian, Scotland; ordained and set apart as presiding bishop of the Church Dec. 11, 1907, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 58.

Born Dec. 23, 1805, at Sharon, Vermont; received the Melchizedek Priesthood from Peter, James and John in 1820; sustained April, 1830, as First Elder and Oliver Cowdery as Second Elder of the Church, at the age of 24; sustained January 25, 1832, as President of the High Priesthood at a conference at Amherst, Lorain County, Ohio; murdered June 27, 1844, at Carthage Jail, Illinois.

Born June 1, 1801, at Whittingham, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 14, 1835, by Joseph Smith and the three witnesses of the Book of Mormon; sustained Dec. 27, 1847, as President of the Church, at the age of 46; died Aug. 29, 1877, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Nov. 1, 1808, at Milnthorpe, England; ordained an apostle Dec. 19, 1838, under the hands of Brigham Young and Heber C. Kimball; sustained Oct. 10, 1880, as President of the Church, at the age of 72; died July 25, 1887, at Kaysville, Davis County, Utah.

Born March 1, 1807, at Avon, Connecticut; ordained an apostle April 26, 1839, by Brigham Young; sustained April 7, 1889, as President of the Church, at the age of 82; died Sept. 2, 1898, at San Francisco, California.

Born April 3, 1814, at Mantua, Ohio; ordained an apostle Feb. 12, 1849, by Heber C. Kimball; sustained Sept. 13, 1898, as President of the Church, at the age of 84; died Oct. 10, 1901, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Nov. 13, 1838, at Far West, Missouri; ordained an apostle July 1, 1866, by Brigham Young, and set apart as one of the twelve apostles Oct. 8, 1867; sustained Oct. 17, 1901, as President of the Church, at the age of 63; died Nov. 19, 1918, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Nov. 22, 1856, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle by George Q. Cannon, October 16, 1882; sustained Nov. 23, 1918, as President of the Church, at the age of 63.

Born Feb. 19, 1793, at St. Clair, Pennsylvania; ordained a high priest by Joseph Smith and set apart March 18, 1833, as first counselor in the First Presidency by Joseph Smith, at the age of 40; excommunicated Sept. 8, 1844; died July 14, 1876, at Friendship, Alleghany County, New York.

Born June 14, 1801, at Sheldon, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 14, 1835, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris; sustained Dec. 27, 1847, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 46; died June 22, 1868, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born June 26, 1817, at Potsdam, New York; ordained an apostle April 26, 1839, by Heber C. Kimball; sustained October 6, 1868, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 51; died Sept. 1, 1875, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Oct. 1, 1844, at Nauvoo, Illinois; sustained Oct. 7, 1876, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 32; retired at the death of Brigham Young.

Born Jan. 11, 1827, at Liverpool, England; ordained an apostle Aug. 26, 1860, by Brigham Young; sustained Oct. 10, 1880, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 62; sustained April 7, 1889, as first counselor to President Woodruff and also to President Lorenzo Snow, Sept. 13, 1898; died April 12, 1901, at Monterey, California.

Born Dec. 11, 1821, at Biddenden, England; ordained a high priest March 4, 1872, by Edward Hunter; sustained Oct. 17, 1901, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 80; died March 27, 1910, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born May 15, 1844, at Aalborg, Denmark; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1889, by George Q. Cannon; sustained April 7, 1910, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 66; died March 2, 1921, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Feb. 4, 1832, at London, England; ordained an apostle July 7, 1904, by Joseph F. Smith; sustained March 10, 1921, as first counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 89.

Born Oct. 28, 1787, at Suffield, Connecticut; called by revelation March, 1832, to be a high priest and counselor to Joseph Smith; ordained and set apart March 18, 1833, as second counselor in the First Presidency by Joseph Smith, at the age of 46; rejected Nov. 7, 1837; died Oct. 10, 1842, at Quincy, Illinois.

Born Feb. 9, 1800, at Tunbridge, Vermont; ordained a high priest June 6, 1831, by Joseph Smith; chosen as second counselor in the First Presidency, Nov. 7, 1837, at the age of 37; called to be Patriarch Jan. 24, 1841; murdered June 27, 1844, at Carthage, Illinois.

Born Sept. 8, 1809; ordained and set apart Jan. 24, 1841, as second counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 32, excommunicated April 18, 1844; died Jan. 19, 1892, at Shullsburg, Wisconsin.

Born June 24, 1804, at Hopkinton, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle April 14, 1840, by Brigham Young; sustained Dec. 27, 1847, as second counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 43; died March 11, 1854, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Feb. 21, 1816, at Windsor, New York; set apart as second counselor in the First Presidency, April 7, 1854, at the age of 38; died Dec. 1, 1856, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Oct. 27, 1814, at Trenton, New York; ordained an apostle and set apart as second counselor in the First Presidency, January 4, 1857, by Brigham Young, at the age of 43; retired at the death of President Young; died March 24, 1891, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Nov. 13, 1838, at Far West, Missouri; set apart as one of the twelve apostles Oct. 8, 1867; sustained Oct. 10, 1880, as second counselor to President John Taylor, at the age of 41; also sustained as second counselor to President Wilford Woodruff, April 7, 1889, and to President Lorenzo Snow, Sept. 13, 1898; sustained as President of the Church Oct. 17, 1901; died Nov. 19, 1918, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born May 15, 1844, at Aalborg, Denmark; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1889, by George Q. Cannon; sustained as second counselor in the First Presidency, Oct. 17, 1901, at the age of 51; advanced to first counselor April 7, 1910; died March 2, 1921, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Sept. 18, 1848, at Carbunca, Iowa; ordained an apostle Oct. 27, 1880, by Wilford Woodruff; sustained April 7, 1910, as second counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 62; died Oct. 13, 1911, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Feb. 4, 1832, at London, England; ordained an apostle July 7, 1904, by Joseph F. Smith; sustained Dec. 7, 1911, as second counselor in the First Presidency, at the age of 79; advanced to first counselor March 10, 1921.

Born Sept. 16, 1852, at Toms River, New Jersey; ordained an apostle Oct. 6, 1907, by Joseph F. Smith; sustained as second counselor in the First Presidency, March 10, 1921, at the age of 68.

Born Nov. 1, 1799, at Acton, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle April 26, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 36; President of the council of apostles; excommunicated for apostasy March 17, 1839; returned to the Church in 1857; died in 1860 at Ogden, Utah.

Born in 1800, at Theresa, New York; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 35; shot Oct. 25, 1838, at the Battle of Crooked River, Missouri.

Born June 1, 1801, at Whittingham, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 14, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 34; President of the council of apostles; sustained Dec. 27, 1847, as President of the Church; died Aug. 29, 1877, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born June 14, 1801, at Sheldon, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 14, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 34; died June 22, 1868, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Jan. 8, 1805, at Oxford, Connecticut; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 30; died Nov. 28, 1878, at Spring City, Utah.

Born 1806, in Tennessee; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 29; excommunicated May 11, 1838; died April 24, 1883, at Independence, Jackson County, Missouri.

Born April 12, 1807, at Burlington, New York; ordained an apostle Feb. 21, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 28; assassinated May 13, 1857, at Van Buren, Arkansas.

Born Nov. 3, 1807, at Pomfret, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 28; excommunicated April 13, 1838; returned to the Church, and died Dec. 9, 1861, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born March 13, 1811, at Royalton, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 24; excommunicated Oct. 12, 1845; died Nov. 13, 1893, at Osterdock, Clayton County, Iowa.

Born Sept. 19, 1811, at Hartford, New York; ordained an apostle April 26, 1835, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at Kirtland, at the age of 24; died Oct. 3, 1881, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Sept. 20, 1811, at Bradford, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle Feb. 15, 1835, at Kirtland under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 24; excommunicated; died Oct. 20, 1890, at Syracuse, New York.

Born Oct. 24, 1811, at Pomfret, Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 14, 1835, at Kirtland, under the hands of Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, at the age of 24; excommunicated April 13, 1838; died Dec. 20, 1856, at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin.

Born Feb. 25, 1799, at Trenton, New York; ordained an apostle Dec. 19. 1838, at Far West, under the hands of Brigham Young and Heber C. Kimball, at the age of 39; excommunicated June 27, 1846; died in the fall of 1867, at De Kalb County, Illinois.

Born Nov. 1, 1808, at Milnthorpe, England; ordained an apostle Dec. 19, 1838, at Far West, under the hands of Brigham Young and Heber C. Kimball, at the age of 30; President of the council of apostles; sustained as President of the Church Oct. 10, 1880; died July 25, 1887, at Kaysville, Utah.

Born March 1, 1807, at Avon, Connecticut; ordained an apostle April 26, 1839, at Far West, by Brigham Young, at the age of 32; President of the council of apostles; sustained as President of the Church April 7, 1889; died Sept. 2, 1898, at San Francisco, California.

Born June 26, 1817, at Potsdam, New York; ordained an apostle April 26, 1839, at Far West, by Heber C. Kimball, at the age of 22; advanced to be first counselor in the First Presidency, Oct. 6, 1868; died Sept. 1, 1875, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born June 24, 1804, at Hopkinton, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle April 14, 1840, at Preston, Lancashire, England, by Brigham Young, at the age of 36; advanced to be second counselor in the First Presidency, Dec. 27, 1847; died March 11, 1854, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born May 9, 1796, at Fairfield, New York; ordained an apostle April 8, 1841, by Joseph Smith, at Nauvoo, at the age of 44; excommunicated Feb. 12, 1849; died March 31, 1858, in Mountain Valley, Texas.

Born March 30, 1813, at Lyman, New Hampshire; ordained an apostle Aug. 20, 1842, at Nauvoo, by Brigham Young, Heber C. Kimball and George A. Smith, at the age of 29; deprived of apostleship Oct. 8, 1867; excommunicated May 12, 1870; died Feb. 4, 1877, at Fillmore, Millard County, Utah.

Born Feb. 22, 1811, at Mendon, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle July 16, 1846, at Council Bluffs, by Brigham Young, at the age of 35; died Sept. 3, 1869, at Ogden, Utah.

Born Aug. 21, 1809, at Campbell County, Kentucky; ordained an apostle Feb. 12, 1849, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Brigham Young, at the age of 40; died Nov. 17, 1883, at Paris, Idaho.

Born April 3, 1814, at Mantua, Ohio; ordained an apostle Feb. 12, 1849, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Heber C. Kimball, at the age of 36; President of the council of the apostles; sustained as President of the Church Sept. 13, 1898; died Oct. 10, 1901, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Nov. 9, 1818, at St. Johnsbury. Vermont; ordained an apostle Feb. 12, 1849, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Brigham Young, at the age of 31; died May 27, 1888, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born April 2, 1821, at Richmond, Massachusetts; ordained an apostle Feb. 12, 1849, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Heber C. Kimball, at the age of 28; President of the council of apostles; died Dec. 9, 1899, at Ogden, Utah.

Born Jan. 11, 1827, at Liverpool, England; ordained an apostle Aug. 26, 1860, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Brigham Young, at the age of 33; advanced to be first counselor in the First Presidency, Oct. 10, 1880; died April 12, 1901, at Monterey, California.

Born Nov. 13, 1838, at Far West, Missouri; ordained an apostle July 1, 1866, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Brigham Young; set apart as one of the twelve apostles Oct. 8, 1867, at the age of 29; sustained as President of the Church Oct. 17, 1901; died Nov. 19. 1918, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Dec. 18, 1836, at Kirtland, Ohio; ordained an apostle Feb. 4, 1864, by Brigham Young and set apart as one of the twelve apostles Oct. 9, 1868, at the age of 32; President of the council of apostles; died April 11, 1903, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Jan. 8, 1813, at Royalton, Vermont; ordained an apostle July 3, 1870, by Brigham Young at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 57; excommunicated Nov. 7, 1885; died Sept. 19, 1889, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Feb. 2, 1842, at Sangamon County, Illinois; ordained an apostle April 9, 1879, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by John Taylor, at the age of 37; dropped from the council of the apostles April 6, 1896; died Aug. 21, 1909.

Born Jan. 12, 1840, at McComb, Illinois; ordained an apostle Oct. 27, 1880, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by John Taylor, at the age of 40; President of the council of apostles; died Nov. 18, 1916, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Sept. 18, 1848, at Carbunca, Iowa; ordained an apostle Oct. 27, 1880, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Wilford Woodruff, at the age of 32; advanced to be second counselor in the First Presidency, April 7, 1910; died Oct. 13, 1911, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Dec. 8. 1831, at London, England; ordained an apostle Oct. 16, 1882, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by John Taylor, at the age of 51; died June 9, 1907, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Nov. 22, 1856, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 16, 1882, by George Q. Cannon, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 26; President of the council of apostles; sustained as President of the Church Nov. 23, 1918.

Born May 15, 1858, at Provo, Utah; ordained an apostle April 9, 1884, by John Taylor, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 26; resigned Oct. 6, 1905; excommunicated March 28, 1911; died Oct. 10, 1916, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Sept. 25, 1832, at Sackville, New Brunswick; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1889, at Salt Lake City, Utah, by Wilford Woodruff, at the age of 57; died Feb. 6, 1906, at Richmond, Cache County, Utah.

Born May 15, 1844, at Aalborg, Denmark; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1889 by George Q. Cannon at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 45; President of the council of apostles; advanced to second counselor in the First Presidency, Oct. 17, 1901; to first counselor in Presidency, April 7, 1910; died March 2, 1921.

Born March 12, 1859, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1889, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 30; died July 19, 1896, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Aug. 25, 1858, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1897, by George Q. Cannon at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 39; resigned Oct. 28, 1905.

Born Nov. 23, 1872, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 7, 1897, by Wilford Woodruff, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 25; died June 20, 1904, at El Paso, Texas.

Born March 12, 1857, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 10, 1898, by Lorenzo Snow, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 41; President of the council of apostles.

Born Jan. 10, 1862, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle April 8, 1900, by Lorenzo Snow, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 38.

Born March 21, 1872, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 24, 1901, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 29; died Jan. 23, 1918, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born April 4, 1870, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle Oct. 8, 1903, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 33.

Born Feb. 4, 1832, at London, England; ordained an apostle July 7, 1904, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 72; advanced to be second counselor in the First Presidency, Dec. 7, 1911; advanced to be first counselor in the First Presidency, March 10, 1921.

Born Feb. 23, 1861, at Farmington, Utah; ordained an apostle April 9, 1906, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 45.

Born July 1, 1855, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle April 9, 1906, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 50.

Born Sept. 8, 1873, at Huntsville, Utah; ordained an apostle April 9, 1906, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 32.

Born Sept. 16, 1852, at Toms River, New Jersey; ordained an apostle Oct. 6, 1907, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 55; advanced to be second counselor in the First Presidency, March 10, 1921.

Born July 19, 1876, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained an apostle April 7, 1910, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 33.

Born Sept. 21, 1862, at Hungerford, Berkshire, England; ordained an apostle Dec. 8, 1911, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 49.

Born June 18, 1879, at Mendon, Cache County, Utah; ordained an apostle Jan. 17, 1917, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 37.

Born Nov. 23, 1870, at Fillmore, Utah; ordained an apostle April 7, 1918, by Joseph F. Smith, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 47.

Born Feb. 9, 1873, at Logan, Utah; ordained an apostle Jan. 7, 1919, by Heber J. Grant, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 45.

Born Jan. 31, 1872, on the Island of Troyen, Norway; ordained an apostle March 17, 1921, by Heber J. Grant, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 49.

Born July 12, 1771, at Topsfield, Essex County, Mass.; ordained presiding patriarch of the Church, Dec. 18, 1833, under the hands of Joseph Smith, Oliver Cowdery, Sidney Rigdon and Frederick G. Williams; died Sept. 14, 1840, at Nauvoo, Illinois.

Born Feb. 9, 1800, at Tunbridge, Orange County, Vermont; ordained presiding patriarch of the Church Jan. 24, 1841, by Joseph Smith; murdered June 27, 1844, at Carthage Jail, Illinois.

Born July 16, 1781, at Derryfield, Rockingham County, New Hampshire; ordained a patriarch Jan. 10, 1844, at Nauvoo, by Joseph Smith; set apart as presiding patriarch of the Church, Jan. 1, 1849, at Salt Lake City, Utah; died May 23, 1854, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Sept. 22, 1832, at Kirtland, Ohio; ordained presiding patriarch of the Church Feb. 18, 1855, by Brigham Young at Salt Lake City, Utah; died Nov. 6, 1911, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born July 8, 1879, at South Jordan, Salt Lake County, Utah; ordained a seventy Feb. 11, 1907, by George G. Bywater; ordained a high priest and presiding patriarch of the Church May 9, 1912, by Joseph F. Smith at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Chosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland; released April 6, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest.

Born April 7, 1797, at Hopkinton, Middlesex County, Mass.; chosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland, at the age of 37; died July 16, 1881, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born April 7, 1803, at Old Springfield, Hampden County, Mass.; chosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland, at the age of 31; died June 10, 1882, at Washington, Washington County, Utah.

Born Sept. 7, 1804, at Ovid, Seneca County, New York; chosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland, at the age of 30; released April 6, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest; died July 21, 1887, at Spanish Fork, Utah.

Chosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland; released April 6, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest.

Chosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland; released April 6, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest.

Chosen and ordained one of the first seven presidents of seventies Feb. 28, 1835, at Kirtland; released April 6, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest.

Ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland; released Sept. 3, 1837, previously having been ordained a high priest.

Born April 1, 1775; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland; died Dec. 21, 1841, at Morgan County, Utah.

Ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland; died in 1845, in Hancock County, Illinois.

Born in the State of Maine; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland; excommunicated Oct. 7, 1844; died at Monterey County, California.

Born Oct. 16, 1792, at Lyme, New London County, Conn.; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland, at the age of 43; seventies withdrew their fellowship from Brother Gee, March 6, 1838; died Sept. 13, 1845, at Ambrosia, Lee County, Iowa.

Born July 12, 1797; ordained a seventy Dec. 20, 1836; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1837, at Kirtland, at the age of 39; excommunicated Jan. 13, 1838; rejoined the Church at Nauvoo.

Born June 9, 1804, at Rowley (now Georgetown), Essex County, Mass.; ordained a seventy in 1835; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Feb. 6, 1838, at Kirtland, at the age of 33; died May 17, 1891, at Huntington, Emery County, Utah.

Born June 24, 1789, at Rockingham, Windham County, Vermont; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents March 6, 1838, at Kirtland, at the age of 48; released April 12, 1862; died Jan. 1, 1872, at Hebron, Washington County, Utah.

Born June 5, 1805, at Holliston, Middlesex County, Mass.; ordained a seventy Jan. 5, 1839, at Kirtland; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Dec. 2, 1845, at Nauvoo, at the age of 40; died Nov. 26, 1879, at Sugar House, Salt Lake Co., Utah.

Born Aug. 19, 1814, in Alabama; ordained and set apart president of the 8th quorum of seventy Oct. 20, 1844; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Dec. 2, 1845, at Nauvoo, at the age of 31; died in 1860, in California.

Born Feb. 6, 1816, at Brutus, Cayuga County, New York; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents in 1854, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 38; died Sept. 6, 1888, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born March 9, 1811, in St. Johnsbury, Caledonia County, Vermont; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents in Oct. 1862, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 51; died April 14, 1892, at Provo, Utah.

Born Sept. 7, 1814, at Canaan, Columbia County, New York; ordained a seventy, Feb. 25, 1847; set apart as one of the first seven presidents in Oct. 1862, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 48; died Feb. 18, 1883, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Sept. 11, 1853, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1880, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 26; died Aug. 1, 1884, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born March 12, 1859, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained a seventy and set apart as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 9, 1882, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 23; called to the apostleship Oct. 7, 1889; died July 19, 1896, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Oct. 3, 1837, at Kirtland, Ohio; ordained a seventy Feb. 18, 1857; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 14, 1882, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 45.

Born Feb. 20, 1829, at Sundbyvester, Copenhagen, Denmark; ordained a seventy Feb. 5, 1859; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 28, 1884, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 55; died Dec. 23, 1905, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Aug. 8, 1842, at Greensburg, Decatur County, Indiana; ordained a seventy Oct. 8, 1875; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 1884, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 42; died Aug. 14, 1894, at Preston, Idaho.

Born March 13, 1857, at Warrington, Lancashire, England; ordained a seventy March 8, 1877; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 8, 1888, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 31.

Born Jan. 1, 1842, at Marylebone, London, England; ordained a seventy March 18, 1866; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 10, 1890, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 54; died Aug. 9, 1909, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born June 9, 1853, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained a seventy July 21, 1886; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 6, 1892, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 38.

Born July 7, 1854, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained a seventy Oct. 22, 1875; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 5, 1893, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 38.

Born May 1, 1820, at Gibraltar, Spain; ordained a seventy May 1, 1845; set apart as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 9, 1894, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 74; died Jan. 27, 1897, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Sept. 5, 1858, at Tooele, Tooele County, Utah; ordained a seventy April 21, 1884; sustained in Oct. 1897 and set apart as one of the first seven presidents Jan. 21, 1898, at Liverpool, England, at the age of 39.

Born July 5, 1866, at Bloomington, Bear Lake County, Idaho; ordained a seventy Aug. 10, 1890; set apart as one of the first seven presidents April 8, 1906, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 39.

Born Feb. 2, 1874, at Salt Lake City, Utah; ordained a seventy June 18, 1897; sustained as one of the first seven presidents Oct. 6, 1909; set apart Jan. 23, 1910, at New York, at the age of 36.

Born Aug. 27, 1793, at Pittsfield, Berkshire County, Mass.; called by revelation to be the first bishop of the Church, ordained and set apart Feb. 4, 1831, at the age of 38; died May 27, 1840, at Nauvoo, Illinois.

Born Feb. 5, 1795, at Marlborough, Windham County, Vermont; called by revelation to be the first bishop of Kirtland; sustained as presiding bishop of the Church at the conference of April, 1847; died Sept. 23, 1850, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born June 22, 1793, at Newton, Delaware County, Penn.; called and sustained as the presiding bishop of the Church April 7, 1851; ordained and set apart April 11, 1852, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 58; died Oct. 16, 1883, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Nov. 24, 1830, at Halifax, Franklin County, Virginia; ordained a bishop Nov. 14, 1859; set apart as presiding bishop of the Church April 6, 1884, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 53; died Aug. 2, 1908, at Salt Lake City, Utah.

Born Feb. 5, 1849, at Hunterfield, Midlothian, Scotland; ordained and set apart as presiding bishop of the Church Dec. 11, 1907, at Salt Lake City, Utah, at the age of 58.

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